CHAPTER II

DEMOGRAPHY
2.1. AHMEDABAD
Location
With total Area of 8087 sq k.m. Ahmadabad is geographically at the centre of Gujarat, situated
between 22°0' and 23°35' North latitudes and 71°42' and 72°50' east longitudes. It is surrounded
by Kheda District in the east, Mehsana in the north, Anand District in the south and
Surendranagar in the west. The length from North to south of this territory is about 169.0 km
and from east to west about 125.9 km.

Ahmadabad is the largest city in the State of Gujarat and the Seventh- largest urban
agglomeration in India, with a population of almost 74 lakhs (7.4 Million) and approximately 8
million in urban agglomeration (Ahmadabad's population in addition to adjacent suburban
areas). This makes Ahmadabad the fifth largest city in India and the seventh largest metropolitan
area. It is Located on the banks of the River Sabarmati. The city is the administrative centre of
Ahmadabad district, and was the capital of Gujarat from 1960 to 1970; the capital was shifted to
Gandhinagar thereafter.
Forbes magazine (2010) ranked Ahmadabad as the third fastest growing city of the decade.

Demographics
The area where Ahmadabad is located has been populated since the 11th century. The census
done in 1871 showed a population of 116,900. By 1911 there were over a quarter of a million
people and over a half million by the 1941 census. The city passed the 1 million resident mark
by the 1961 census with over 1.1 million residents. The city has grown by about one and a half
million people by the last census in 2011. It is estimated that by 2021, there could be nearly 9
million people residing in Ahmadabad.

There are approximately 31,000 rural families living in Ahmadabad with about 1,700 of them
living below the poverty line. In addition to the rural families, around 250,000 people are living
in slums. The population density is around 9,900 people per square kilometer or around 26,000
per square mile with 464 square kilometers (or 179.2 square miles) available in the city area.
There are around 2,500 registered non-resident Indians living in the city as well.

The district has been divided into 10 talukas, 13 towns and 512 villages, with population density
of 890 persons per sq. km against the density of 308 of the Gujarat state.

Population growth of Ahmadabad

Table 2.1
Census Population Percentage (%)
1871 116,900 -
1901 185,900 -
1911 216800 16.6
1921 270000 24.5
1931 313800 16.2
1941 595200 89.7
1951 788300 32.4
1961 1149900 45.9
1971 1950000 69.6
1981 2,515,200 29.0
1991 3,312,200 31.7
2001 4,525,013 36.6
2011 5,633,927 24.5
Above figure shows that a rise in growth was seen in 1941, after two decades it declined to half
of its growth figure at 32% and 45% respectively. Then a sudden increase may be seen in the
year 1971 where it reached upto 69%. With a population of 6.3 million in the year 2011, it is the
sixth biggest city and seventh greatest metropolitan territory in India.

Figure 2.1

Ahmadabad has grown by 759,347 since 2015, which represents a 2.57% annual change.

In order to check out the population of Ahmadabad in 2018, we need to have a look at the
population of the past 5 years. They are as per the following:

 2013 –6.9 Million

 2014 –7.25 Million
 2015 –7.7 Million
 2016 – 7.9 Million
 2017 – 8.16 Million

As we have seen that every year the population increases by approximate 0.252 Million people.
Hence, the population of Ahmadabad in 2018 is forecast to be 8.16 Million + 0.252 Million =
8.412 Million.
  2018 –8.412 Million (estimated).

Ahmadabad’s 2019 population is now estimated at 7,868,633. These population estimates and
projections come from the latest revision of the UN World Urbanization Prospects. By 2021,
there could be just about 9 million people living in the city.

Figure 2.2

Population Density
The population density of Ahmadabad is 9900 persons per square kilometre. The specification
done in 1871 exhibited a population of 116,900. By the year 1911 there were over a fourth of a
million people and over a half million by the 1941 enrollment. The city passed the 1 million
mark by the 1961 assessment with more than 1.1 million inhabitants. Ahmedabad grew by
around one and a half million people by the last data records in 2011. An armed force base and
government foundations convey people from all over India to Ahmedabad and fuel the city
growth.
RURAL AND URBAN POPULATION

Out of the total population of the district 16.0 percent lives in rural areas while 84.0 percent lives
in urban areas according to 2011 census. Rural population of the district is distributed among 11
talukas and urban population is spread over in 14 towns. The total urban population in the
district is 60,63,047 persons comprising 31,92,468 males and 28,70,579 females. The total rural
population in this district comes to 11,51,178 persons comprising 5,95,583 males and 5,55,595
females. Out of 512 villages in the district 506 are inhabited while six villages are uninhabited.

Figure 2.3

URBAN POPULATION AND GROWTH RATE

Table 2.2
Year Population Growth Rate (%) Growth
1950 854,959 0.00% -
1955 1,007,060 3.33% 152,101
1960 1,180,775 3.23% 173,715
1965 1,412,315 3.65% 231,540
1970 1,694,534 3.71% 282,219
1975 2,050,045 3.88% 355,511
1980 2,483,901 3.91% 433,856
1985 2,970,909 3.65% 487,008
1990 3,546,597 3.61% 575,688
1995 4,139,578 3.14% 592,981
2000 4,815,227 3.07% 675,649
2005 5,493,707 2.67% 678,480
2010 6,249,507 2.61% 755,800
2015 7,109,286 2.61% 859,779
2019* 7,868,633 2.57% 759,347
2020* 8,059,441 2.42% 190,808
2025* 9,061,819 2.37% 1,002,378
2030* 10,147,703 2.29% 1,085,884
2035* 11,294,690 2.16% 1,146,987
*estimated
Source:

Figure 2.4

The decadal growth rate of district comes 24.0 percent. The decadal growth rates for the rural
and urban areas of the district are -0.2 and 30.0 percent respectively. The growth rate of rural
population is very slow in the district due to urbanization. The highest growth of urban
population in terms of percentage has taken place in Sanand taluka where 195.8 percent of
growth is witnessed while Ahmadabad City taluka has registered a growth of 55,85,528 people
during the decade registering growth of 23.07 percent.
2.2. SURAT
Location
Surat is located on the Southern part of Gujarat between 21 to 21.23 degree Northern latitude
and 72.38 to 74.23 Eastern longitude. The city covers a surface area of approximately 326 square
kilometers (126 square miles). This city is one of the fastest growing in the world and is the
eighth largest city in the country. It is also the second largest commercial hub in the State.

The district is divided into ten revenue tehsils. Choryasi, Palsana, Kamrej, Bardoli, Olpad,
Mangrol, Mandvi and Surat city are the major developed tehsils in the district. Surat is mainly
known for its textiles and diamond cutting & processing industries. Nowadays, It is emerging as
a potential hub for IT\TeS sector in Gujarat. Hajira and Magdalla Ports in the district provide
logistic support to the industrial operation.

Surat is the second most populated state in the district and has earned a reputation as one of the
best cities in India, including being named the 3rd cleanest city in India. It was chosen as the
first smart IT city and has also recently received the IBM Smarter Cities Challenge Grant. It
will be developed as a smart city under the country’s Smart Cities Mission. Because of its history
of population growth and the plans to become smarter and more modern, it’s expected that the
city will hit its next major population milestone in the near future.

Demographics

Population Growth :
Surat has seen significant growth since the 1800s. A population of 107,100 was recorded in 1871
and continued to climb through the 1920s. However, between 1921 and 1931, the population
declined by over 15%. However, the 1940s saw a period of significant growth, with the
population climbing to over 170,000 people. Continued growth has been observed each decade
since, surpassing the 1.5 million milestone in 1991. At the time of the next census, the
population was almost 3 million. Today, the population has jumped to over 4.5 million.

Table 2.2.1
YEAR POPULATION
1901 6,18,537
1911 6,61,491
1921 6,64,032
1931 7,30,007
1941 8,80,684
1951 10,45,005
1961 13,13,823
1971 17,86,924
1981 24,93,211
1991 33,97,900
2001 49,95,174
2011 60,81,322
 Figure 2.2.1

Growth of Population
Surat
1901-2011
7000000
6000000
5000000
Population

4000000
3000000
2000000
1000000
0
1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Year

Figure 2.2.2

Surat 2019 population :

Surat has grown by 1,202,832 since 2015, which represents a 4.93% annual change. Surat's
2019 population is now estimated at 6,873,756. These estimates are from UN world urbanization
prospects.
Surat urban population
Figure 2.2.2
YEAR Population Growth Rate (%)
1950 233565 0
1955 269284 0.028870126
1960 311443 0.029517196
1965 383610 0.042562907
1970 477117 0.044592719
1975 647182 0.062870388
1980 891499 0.066151411
1985 1149071 0.052071366
1990 1466187 0.049949715
1995 1982976 0.062247258
2000 2706243 0.064167194
2005 3483611 0.051798562
2010 4444691 0.049934929
2015 5670924 0.04993509
2019 6873756 0.049264721
2020 7184590 0.045220401
2025 8581733 0.03617856
2030 9711374 0.025040763
2035 10813442 0.021731199

Figure 2.2.2

Urban Population of Surat

12000000
10000000
Population

8000000
6000000
4000000
2000000
0
1960
1950
1955

1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
2019
2020
2025
2030
2035

Year
2.3. VADODARA
Location
The city of Vadodara covers a surface area of 300 km2 (100 sq mi). In combination with the size
of the population overall, the population density is approximately 6,885.7 individuals residing
per square kilometer or 20,000 per square mile.

Vadodara is the third biggest city of Gujarat, after Ahmedabad and Surat.

.
Demographics
As indicated by the 2011 India evaluation, Vadodara city had a population of 1,670,806. Talking
about population, in order to check out the population of Vadodara in 2017, we need to have a
look at the population of the past 5 years. They are as per the following:

The population of Vadodara in 2017 is forecasted to be 2.34 Million + 0.048 Million = 2.388
Million. So, the population of Vadodara in the year 2017 as per estimated data = 2.388 Million.

As per 2011, the city had a population of round 2.2 million individuals.

POPULATION DENSITY AND GROWTH:

In every census since 1931, the city has seen population growth of at least 19%. The city
surpassed half a million inhabitants at the time of the 1981 census and just ten years later,
surpassed the one million milestone.

Population of the district has increased by 25.5% in last 10 years. In 2001 census total
population here were about 16.5 lakh. Female population growth rate of the district is 26.4%
which is 1.7% higher than male population growth rate of 24.7%.

The population density is 551 persons per square kilometer. As per the year 2011, the population
growth of Vadodara has been a high 38% in terms of decadal population growth. Which implies,
that the city has grown by around 38% in the previous decade? There has been a large number of
migrants from neighboring states and this has somehow helped the city to grow in a way as far as
population is concerned.

Figure 2.3.1
YEAR POPULATION ( IN MILLIONS)
1961 0.2
1971 0.4
1981 0.7
1991 1.0
2001 1.3
2007 2.0
2012 2.14
2013 2.2
2014 2.25
2015 2.29
2016 2.34
2017 2.38
Figure 2.3.1

Population of Vadodara
1961-2017
2.5
Population in millions)

1.5

0.5

0
1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2007 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Year

GROWTH RATE FROM 1961-2011 :

Table 2.3.2
YEAR GROWTH RATE (%)
1961 39.6
1971 58.3
1981 59.3
1991 51.5
2001 32.3
2011 22.2
Figure 2.3.2

Population Growth rate

70
60
50
GROWTH RATE

40
30
GROWTH
20
10
0
1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
YEAR

Urban and Rural Population

Urban population density of Vadodara district urban part is 4865 persons per km2. With
population of about 20.7 lac, it is Gujarat's 4th most urban populous district. Total geographical
area of Vadodara district urban part is 425 km2 and it is the 6th biggest urban district by area in
the state. There are 11 sub districts in the district, among them Vadodara Urban is the most
populous sub district with urban population of about 18.2 lac and Jetpur Pavi Urban is the least
populous sub district with urban population of 7864.

There are 8 cities in the district which comes under the district administration, those are –

 Vadodara Municipal Corporation and Out Growth

 Vadodara Municipal Corporation;
 Dabhoi, Padra, Karjan,
 Chota Udaipur
 Savli Municipalities
 Padra Municipality and Out Growth.
VADODARA RURAL POPULATION

Table 2.3.3
Census Years Population Decadal Population Decadal Population
Variation Variation (%)
1901 446,440 -
1911 557,093 110,653 24.8
1921 607,504 50,411 9.0
1931 703,961 96,457 15.9
1941 816,356 112,395 16.0
1951 915,531 99,175 12.2
1961 1,113,372 197,841 21.6
1971 1,363,369 249,997 22.5
1981 1,603,465 240,096 17.6
1991 1,758,417 154,952 9.7
2001 1,995,580 237,163 13.5

VADODARA URBAN POPULATION

Table 2.3.4
Census Years Population Decadal Population Decadal Population
Variation Variation (%)
1901 129,210 - -
1911 122,447 -6,763 -5.2
1921 128,546 6,099 5.0
1931 152,619 24,073 18.7
1941 203,168 50,549 33.1
1951 266,251 63,083 31.1
1961 376,772 110,521 41.5
1971 573,154 196,382 52.1
1981 905,966 332,812 58.1
1991 1,279,710 373,744 41.3
Figure 2.3.4

Rural and Urban Composition of

Vadodara
2,500,000
2,000,000
Population

1,500,000
1,000,000
Rural
500,000
Population
0

Year

Figure 2.3.6

Change in urban part

Vadodara
3
2.5
2
Population

1.5
1
0.5
0
1991-2001 2001-2011
Year
2.4. RAJKOT
Location
Rajkot is located in south west region of Gujarat. It lies between the parallels of 21○ 31’ &
23○10’ North latitude and 70○ 2’ & 71○ 30’ East longitude situated at 25-300 meters above sea
level. The length from north to south of this territory is about 182.3 km and from east to west
about 153.3 km. The total area of Rajkot district is 5.71 percent of the total geographical area of
Gujarat State. For administrative convenience, the district has been divided into 14 talukas, 23
towns and 835 villages with total population 38,04,558 and density of 340 persons per sq. km
against the density of the Gujarat state is 308. It is 3rd largest district in area in the State.

Rajkot district is surrounded by Kutch District in North. Surendranagar and Bhavnagar District
in East, Amreli and Junagadh District in South. Jamnagar district in West. The district is named
after its HQs Rajkot city. Total geographical area 11203 KM2 . Rajkot has average elevation of
134 meter (439 Ft)
POPULATION AND ITS ROWTH RATE :

Rajkot is the fourth biggest city of the state of Gujarat. The city is the 35th-greatest urban
agglomeration in India with around 1.2 million people in 2011. According to the 2001 Census,
the total population of the district was 31,69,881. There has been net addition of 6,34,677
persons during 2001-2011. The growth rate of district comes to 20.02 percent.

Table 2.4.1
YEAR POPULATION
1941 66400
1951 132100
1961 193500
1971 302000
1981 444200
1991 654500
2001 1003015
2011 1390640

Figure 2.4.1

Population Distribution of Rajkot

1941-2011
1600000
1400000
1200000
1000000
800000
600000
400000
200000
0
1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011

POPULATION
Growth rate
Table 2.4.2
YEAR GROWTH (%)
1941 -
1951 98.9
1961 46.5
1971 56.1
1981 47.1
1991 47.3
2001 53.2
2011 38.6

Figure 2.4.2

Population Growth over the Years

120
Population geowth (%)

100

80

60

40

20

0
1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Year
Rajkot 2018 Population

In order to check out the population of Rajkot in 2018, we need to have a look at
the population of the past 5 years. They are as per the following:
Table 2.4.3
Year Population (in millions)
2013 1.42
2014 1.51
2015 1.6
2016 1.7
2017 1.78

As we have seen that every year the population increases by approximate 0.072
Million people. Hence, the population of Rajkot in 2018 is forecasted to be 1.78
Million + 0.072 Million = 1.852 Million. So, the population of Rajkot in the year
2018 as per estimated data is 1.852 Million.

Distribution of population in rural-urban areas

The population of Rajkot district is 6.3 Percent of the State population and it ranks
4th among the districts of state. The total rural population of district is 15,90,508
comprising 8,16,264 males and 7,74,244 females. This rural population is
distributed in 833 inhabited villages in 14 talukas. There are 835 villages in the
district out of which 2 are uninhabited.

The total urban population of the district is 22,14,050 which include 11,58,181
males and 10,55,869 females. This urban population is spread over in 23 towns.
The total population of Rajkot taluka is 40 % of the total population of the District,
which is higher than other talukas of the District. The total population of Lodhika
taluka is 2 % of the total population of the District which is lower than other
talukas of the District.

The growth rates for the rural and urban areas of the district are 3.01 percent and
36.18 percent respectively. The growth rate of rural population is very slow in the
district due to urbanization.
2.5. BHAVNAGAR
Location

Bhavnagar district is situated in the south-east corner of the peninsular region of

Gujarat known as ‘Kathiawar or Saurashtra’. It lies between 21.180 a n d 22.180
latitude and 71.180 and 72.180 longitude situated at 25.300 mt above sea level.
The length from north to south of thisterritory is about 151.7 kms and from east to
west about 108.6 kms. It is bounded in the north by Surendranagar and Ahmadabad
districts and in the west byRajkot and Amreli districts and in the south by the
Arabian Sea and part of Amreli district and in the east by the Gulf of Khambhat.

The area covered by the district 10,034.00 sq. km i.e. 5.11 percent of the total geographical area
of Gujarat State. Area wise rank of the district is 6 th among the districts of the state.
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION AND GROWTH

According to the 2011 census Bhavnagar district has a population of 2,880,365, roughly equal to
the nation of Jamaica or the US state of Kansas. This gives it a ranking of 133rd in India (out of
a total of 640). The district has a population density of 288 inhabitants per square kilometer
(750/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 16.53%.

Year wise population of Bhavnagar district:

Table 2.5.1

Year Population
1961 2,200,000
1971 2,600,000
1981 4,100,000
1991 5,600,000
2001 6,100,000
2011 7,100,000

Figure 2.5.1
ANNUAL POULATION CHANGE

Table 2.5.2

YEAR CHANGE (%)

1971-1981 3.18
1981-1991 2.67
1991-2001 2.48
2001-2011 1.59

As per 1991 Census the total population of the Bhavnagar District is 22,92,026 which is about
5.54% of the total population of state while the total geographical area of Bhavnagar district is
11,155.00 sq. km. which is about 5.69% of total area of state.

Population density of this district is 205 per sq. km. Which is slightly lower then state population
density of 211 but the decennial population growth rate of district is 21.96% which is slightly
higher than state rate, of 21.19%. There are 12 Talukas in this district. Bhavnagar, Ghogha,
Talaja, Mahuva, Kundla, Gariyadhar, Palitana, Sihor, Umarala, Gadhada, Bolad, Vallabhipur.

• Kundla Taluka has been shifted to Amerali District recently . Hence total no of 11 Talukas are
there in District at Present.

RURAL AND URAN POPULATION COMPOSITION:

According to the 2011 Census, the total population of Bhavnagar district is 28,80,365 comprising
14,90,201 males and 13,90,164 females. This population of the district forms 4.8 percent of the
State Population and ranks 6th among 26 districts of Gujarat State. Out of the total population of
the district 58.9 percent lives in rural areas while 41.1 percent lives in urban areas. Rural
population of the district is distributed among 11 talukas and urban population is spread over in
21 towns.

The total urban population of the district is 11,82,401 persons comprising 6,21,368 males and
5,61,033 females. The total rural population of this district is 16,97,964 persons having 8,68,833
males and 8,29,131 females. The rural population is distributed in 783 inhabited villages. There
are 10 uninhabited villages in the district.
The growth rates for the rural and urban areas are 10.6 percent and 26.5 percent respectively.
The growth rate of urban population is high in the district. The highest percentage of urban
population to total population has been noticed in Bhavnagar taluka where population is
increased to 81.7 percent during the decade.

Cities in Bhavnagar district

Table 2.5.3
Cities Population
Bhavnagar 605,882
Bhavnagar 593,368
Botad 130,327
Mahuva 98,519
Mahuva 82,772
Palitana 64,497
Sihor 54547
Gariadhad 33949
Gadhada 29872
Talaja 27822
Vallabhipur 15852

Figure 2.5.2

Population distribution of cities of Bhavnagar

700,000
600,000
500,000
Population

400,000
300,000
200,000
100,000
0

cities
No of villages

Table
No of villages State District
Total 18225 793
Inhabited 17843 783
Uninhabited 382 10