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The College of Psychologists of Ontario

APPENDIX C – DEFINITION OF PRACTICE AREAS

In the practice of psychology, in order to formulate  coursework and/or supervised experience in


and communicate a diagnosis, a member must have assessment of change in order to evaluate
the following knowledge, skills and training directly the effectiveness of interventions
relevant to the area(s) of practice and client groups
indicated on the Declaration of Competence in order
to treat the client and evaluate the effectiveness of the * Formal training involves a combination of
treatment. Therefore, the ability to communicate a coursework and structured, supervised experience
differential diagnosis must apply to every with evaluation of performance and feedback to the
psychologist or psychological associate, with the trainee. While it is accepted that some of the formal
exception of those practising exclusively within the training may be acquired in a research setting, it is
area of industrial/organizational psychology. expected that most formal training will be acquired
in a practice setting.

Formulating and Communicating a Diagnosis Approved December, 2007

Knowledge Clinical Psychology

The equivalent of a graduate half course in each of


the four following subjects: All members of the College of Psychologists require
the following minimum working knowledge base:
 psychopathology;
 personality theory/individual differences;  knowledge in the foundational content areas
 psychological assessment; and, of psychology, i.e., the biological bases of
 psychodiagnostics behaviour, the cognitive affective bases of
behaviour, the social bases of behaviour, and
Skills the psychology of the individual;
 knowledge of learning;
 skill in establishing therapeutic rapport;  knowledge of all relevant ethical, legal and
 skill in eliciting information through professional issues;
interviewing;  knowledge of research design and
 skill in assessing fundamental psychological methodology;
processes such as mental state, cognition,  knowledge of statistics; and,
emotions and behaviours;  knowledge of psychological measurement.
 skill in formulating and testing diagnostic
hypotheses; Clinical Psychology is the application of knowledge
 skill in communicating diagnostic about human behaviour to the assessment,
information clearly and sensitively; and, diagnosis and/or treatment of individuals with
 skill in assessment of change in relevant disorders of behaviour, emotions and thought.
psychological processes
In addition to the above minimum knowledge base,
members practising Clinical Psychology require the
*Formal training: following:

 coursework and supervised experience in  knowledge of psychopathology/abnormal


administering and interpreting assessment psychology;
materials for a diverse range of problems;  knowledge of personality/individual differences;
 coursework and/or supervised experience in  knowledge of psychological assessment;
interviewing techniques;  knowledge of psychodiagnostics;
 training in formulating and testing  knowledge of intervention
diagnostic hypotheses in a practice setting; procedures/psychotherapy; and,
 supervised experience in communicating  knowledge of evaluation of change.
sensitive information; and,

April 2015 REGISTRATION GUIDELINES: Psychological Associate – Supervised Practice - Page 35


The College of Psychologists of Ontario

In addition, practitioners who provide services in  knowledge of exceptional learners;


Clinical Psychology to children and adolescents must  knowledge of normal lifespan development
have a background in developmental psychology and and cross-cultural differences in learning
knowledge of appropriate assessment and therapeutic and socialization;
techniques.  knowledge of developmental and general
psychopathology;
For members practising Clinical Psychology, the  knowledge of instructional and remedial
following minimum skills are required: techniques;
 knowledge of multidisciplinary team
 the ability to perform an appropriate clinical approach for case management;
assessment;  knowledge of counselling,
 the ability to formulate and communicate a psychoeducational and early intervention
differential diagnosis; and, techniques;
 the ability to plan, execute and evaluate an  knowledge of systems and group
appropriate treatment program. behaviours within, and related to, the
school organization.

Approved March, 2004 Practitioners who provide services in School


Psychology should be aware of the impact of
medication and medical conditions on learning and
School Psychology behaviour.

For members practising School Psychology the


All members of the College of Psychologists require following minimum skills are required:
the following minimum working knowledge base:
 the ability to perform an appropriate
 knowledge in the foundational content areas psychological assessment;
of psychology, i.e., the biological bases of  the ability to formulate and communicate a
behaviour, the cognitive affective bases of differential diagnosis;
behaviour, the social bases of behaviour, and  the ability to plan, execute and evaluate an
the psychology of the individual; appropriate psychoeducational intervention;
 knowledge of learning;  the ability to plan, execute and evaluate
 knowledge of all relevant ethical, legal and appropriate prevention programs.
professional issues;
 knowledge of research design and Approved March, 2004
methodology;
 knowledge of statistics; and,
 knowledge of psychological measurement. Clinical Neuropsychology
School Psychology is the application of knowledge
about human behaviour and development to the All members of the College of Psychologists require
understanding of the social, emotional and learning the following minimum working knowledge base:
needs of children, adolescents and adults, and to the
creation of learning environments that facilitate  knowledge in the foundational content areas
learning and mental health. To declare competence of psychology, i.e., the biological bases of
in school psychology, members are expected to be behaviour, the cognitive affective bases of
currently practising, or to have had substantial behaviour, the social bases of behaviour, and
practice, in a school setting. the psychology of the individual;
 knowledge of learning;
In addition to the above minimum knowledge base,  knowledge of all relevant ethical, legal
members practising in School Psychology require and professional issues;
following:  knowledge of research design and
methodology;
 knowledge of intellectual, social,  knowledge of statistics; and,
behavioural and emotional assessment;
 knowledge of psychological
 knowledge of psychodiagnostics; measurement.

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The College of Psychologists of Ontario

Clinical Neuropsychology is the application of  knowledge of research design and


knowledge about brain-behaviour relationships to methodology;
the assessment, diagnosis and treatment of  knowledge of statistics; and,
individuals with known or suspected central  knowledge of psychological measurement.
nervous system dysfunction.
Counselling Psychology is the fostering and
In addition to the above minimum knowledge base, improving of human functioning by helping
members practising in Clinical Neuropsychology individuals experiencing distress and difficulties
require the following: associated with life events and transitions, decision-
making, work/career/education, family and social
 knowledge of lifespan development; relationships, and mental health and physical
 knowledge of personality/individual differences; health concerns.
 knowledge of psychopathology;
 knowledge of neuroanatomy, physiology and In addition to the above minimum knowledge base,
pharmacology; members practising Counselling Psychology require
 knowledge of human neuropsychology and the following:
neuropathology;
 knowledge of psychological assessment;  knowledge of psychological adjustment/lifespan
 knowledge of neuropsychological assessment; development;
 knowledge of psychodiagnostics; and,  knowledge of personality/individual differences;
 knowledge of clinical and neuropsychological  knowledge of psychopathology
intervention techniques.  knowledge of psychological assessment;
 knowledge of psychodiagnostics;
In addition, practitioners providing services in Clinical  knowledge of intervention
Neuropsychology to children and adolescents must procedures/psychotherapy; and,
have a background in developmental psychology and  knowledge of evaluation of change.
knowledge of appropriate assessment and therapeutic
techniques. In addition, practitioners who provide services in
Counselling Psychology to children and adolescents
For members practising in Clinical Neuropsychology must have a background in developmental psychology
the following minimum skills are required: and knowledge of appropriate assessment and
therapeutic techniques.
 the ability to perform an appropriate
neuropsychological assessment; For those who intend to practise Counselling
 the ability to formulate and communicate a Psychology, at a minimum, the following skills are
differential diagnosis; and, expected:
 the ability to plan, execute and evaluate an
appropriate neuropsychological intervention.  the ability to perform an appropriate counselling
assessment;
Approved March, 2004  the ability to formulate and communicate a
differential diagnosis in order to develop an
appropriate counselling intervention and to
Counselling Psychology identify clients who must be referred elsewhere;
and,
 the ability to plan, execute and evaluate an
All members of the College of Psychologists require appropriate counselling intervention.
the following minimum working knowledge base:
Approved April, 2016
 knowledge in the foundational content areas
of psychology, i.e., the biological bases of
behaviour, the cognitive affective bases of
behaviour, the social bases of behaviour, and
the psychology of the individual;
 knowledge of learning;
 knowledge of all relevant ethical, legal and
professional issues;

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The College of Psychologists of Ontario

Forensic/Correctional Psychology  the ability to formulate and communicate a


differential diagnosis; and,
 the ability to plan, execute and evaluate an
All members of the College of Psychologists require appropriate intervention.
the following minimum working knowledge base:
Approved March, 2004
 knowledge in the foundational content areas
of psychology, i.e., the biological bases of
behaviour, the cognitive affective bases of Health Psychology
behaviour, the social bases of behaviour, and
the psychology of the individual;
 knowledge of learning; All members of the College of Psychologists require
 knowledge of all relevant ethical, legal and the following minimum working knowledge base:
professional issues;
 knowledge of research design and  knowledge in the foundational content areas
methodology; of psychology, i.e., the biological bases of
 knowledge of statistics; and, behaviour, the cognitive affective bases of
 knowledge of psychological measurement. behaviour, the social bases of behaviour, and
the psychology of the individual;
Forensic/Correctional Psychology is the application  knowledge of learning;
of knowledge about human behaviour to the  knowledge of all relevant ethical, legal
understanding, assessment, diagnosis and/or and professional issues;
treatment of individuals within the context of  knowledge of research design and
criminal and/or legal matters. methodology;
 knowledge of statistics; and,
In addition to the above minimum knowledge base,  knowledge of psychological
members practising in Forensic/Correctional measurement.
Psychology require the following:
Health Psychology is the application of
 knowledge of criminal justice/legal systems; psychological knowledge and skills to the
 knowledge of the application of psychological promotion and maintenance of health, the
principles within the federal and provincial legal prevention and treatment of illness, and the
systems; identification of determinants of health and illness.
 knowledge of psychopathology/abnormal
psychology/criminal behaviour; In addition to the above minimum knowledge base,
 knowledge of personality/individual differences; members practising in Health Psychology require the
 knowledge of psychological assessment; following:
 knowledge of psychodiagnostics;
 knowledge of risk assessment/management;  knowledge of normal lifespan development;
 knowledge of intervention  knowledge of psychopathology/abnormal
procedures/psychotherapy; and, psychology;
 knowledge of evaluation of change.  knowledge of personality/individual
differences;
In addition, practitioners providing services in  knowledge of psychological assessment;
Forensic/Correctional Psychology to children and  knowledge of psychodiagnostics;
adolescents must have a background in developmental  knowledge of intervention
psychology and knowledge of appropriate assessment procedures/psychotherapy;
and therapeutic techniques, and applicable legislation.  knowledge of evaluation of change; and,
 knowledge of behavioural medicine and
For members practising Forensic/Correctional psychological issues related to health.
Psychology, the following minimum skills are
required: In addition, practitioners providing services in Health
Psychology to children and adolescents must have a
 the ability to perform an appropriate background in developmental psychology and
assessment; knowledge of appropriate assessment and therapeutic
techniques.

April 2015 REGISTRATION GUIDELINES: Psychological Associate – Supervised Practice - Page 38


The College of Psychologists of Ontario

For members practising Health Psychology, the  knowledge of intervention procedures within the
following minimum skills are required: context of the organization;
 knowledge of evaluation of change.
 the ability to perform an appropriate
assessment; For members practising Industrial/Organizational
 the ability to formulate and Psychology, the following minimum skills are
communicate a differential diagnosis; required:
and
 the ability to plan, execute and  the ability to perform an appropriate assessment;
evaluate an appropriate prevention  the ability to identify individual clients who must
and/or treatment program. be referred elsewhere;
 the ability to plan, execute and evaluate an
Approved March, 2004 appropriate organizational intervention.

Approved March, 2004


Industrial/Organizational Psychology

Rehabilitation Psychology
All members of the College of Psychologists require
the following minimum working knowledge base:
All members of the College of Psychologists require
 knowledge in the foundational content areas the following minimum working knowledge base:
of psychology, i.e., the biological bases of
behaviour, the cognitive affective bases of  knowledge in the foundational content areas
behaviour, the social bases of behaviour, and of psychology, i.e., the biological bases of
the psychology of the individual; behaviour, the cognitive affective bases of
 knowledge of learning; behaviour, the social bases of behaviour, and
 knowledge of all relevant ethical, legal the psychology of the individual;
and professional issues;  knowledge of learning;
 knowledge of research design and  knowledge of all relevant ethical, legal
methodology; and professional issues;
 knowledge of statistics; and,  knowledge of research design and
 knowledge of psychological methodology;
measurement.  knowledge of statistics; and,
 knowledge of psychological measurement.
Industrial/Organizational Psychology is the field of
psychological practice and research that aims to Rehabilitation Psychology is the application of
further the welfare of people and the effectiveness psychological knowledge and skills to the
of organizations by: understanding the behaviour assessment and treatment of individuals with
of individuals and organizations in the workplace; impairments in their physical, emotional, cognitive,
helping individuals pursue meaningful and social, or occupational capacities as a result of
enriching work; and, assisting organizations in the injury, illness or trauma in order to promote
effective management of their human resources. maximum functioning and minimize disability.

In addition to the above minimum knowledge base, In addition to the above minimum knowledge base,
members practising Industrial/Organizational members practising in Rehabilitation Psychology
Psychology require the following: require the following:

 knowledge of organizational behaviour;  knowledge of lifespan development;


 knowledge of psychological adjustment/lifespan  knowledge of personality/individual differences;
development;  knowledge of psychopathology;
 knowledge of personality/individual differences;  knowledge of brain-behaviour relationships;
 knowledge of assessment for selection,  knowledge of psychological and behavioural
promotion and career development; assessment;
 knowledge of the psychology of training in  knowledge of psychodiagnostics; and,
organizations;  knowledge of rehabilitative interventions.

April 2015 REGISTRATION GUIDELINES: Psychological Associate – Supervised Practice - Page 39


The College of Psychologists of Ontario

In addition, practitioners providing services in


Rehabilitation Psychology to children and adolescents
must have a background in developmental psychology
and knowledge of appropriate assessment and
intervention techniques.

For members practising Rehabilitation Psychology,


the following minimum skills are required:

 the ability to perform an appropriate


rehabilitation assessment;
 the ability to formulate and
communicate a differential diagnosis;
and,
 the ability to plan, execute and evaluate
appropriate rehabilitative interventions.

Approved March, 2004

April 2015 REGISTRATION GUIDELINES: Psychological Associate – Supervised Practice - Page 40

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