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Equipment:
� Potassium permanganate � A model of a room with an open � A small candle
crystal fire: a closed Perspex box with two � A smouldering splint
� A pair of tweezers openings on the top face and at � Large glass beaker
� Bunsen burner either end of the box � Tripod and stand
Explanation
As the hot air rises above the flame of the candle, due to the
reduced density of hot air, it draws in colder air towards the
candle from the second opening. This demonstrates the natural candle
convection currents created by a flame or fire.
Explanation
Hot water rises, above where the Bunsen burner is heating the water,
due to the reduced density of hot water, and it draws in colder water potassium
towards this hottest point. This demonstrates the natural convection permanganate
crystals to
currents in liquids created by a source of heat. colour water
© OUP: this may be reproduced for class use solely for the purchaser’s institute