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1) The document discusses key concepts related to families, kinship, marriage, gender, and power. It defines terms like kinship, descent groups, and types of marriages.
2) Gender is defined as a social construct that prescribes different roles for men and women, while sex is a biological concept. Theories of gender development include social learning theory and cognitive-developmental theory.
3) The document outlines the importance of marriage for establishing family and relationships. It also discusses concepts like monogamy, polygamy, endogamy, exogamy, and the stages of courtship and dating.
4) Feminist theories view gender inequality as stemming from unequal social organization and lack of natural
1) The document discusses key concepts related to families, kinship, marriage, gender, and power. It defines terms like kinship, descent groups, and types of marriages.
2) Gender is defined as a social construct that prescribes different roles for men and women, while sex is a biological concept. Theories of gender development include social learning theory and cognitive-developmental theory.
3) The document outlines the importance of marriage for establishing family and relationships. It also discusses concepts like monogamy, polygamy, endogamy, exogamy, and the stages of courtship and dating.
4) Feminist theories view gender inequality as stemming from unequal social organization and lack of natural
1) The document discusses key concepts related to families, kinship, marriage, gender, and power. It defines terms like kinship, descent groups, and types of marriages.
2) Gender is defined as a social construct that prescribes different roles for men and women, while sex is a biological concept. Theories of gender development include social learning theory and cognitive-developmental theory.
3) The document outlines the importance of marriage for establishing family and relationships. It also discusses concepts like monogamy, polygamy, endogamy, exogamy, and the stages of courtship and dating.
4) Feminist theories view gender inequality as stemming from unequal social organization and lack of natural
FAMILIES, KINSHIP, AND DESCENT MARRIAGE GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT
The Basic Building Blocks of Society
• The way in which people behave toward one another is Marriage may be defined as ‘formal and durable sexual union of one Gender based on they perceive their role; this role in most societies or more women to one or more men, which is conducted within a set -one of the universal dimensions on which status differences are is defined by whom one is related to. of designed rights and duties. based. -is a social construct specifying the socially and culturally • As we shall see, many aspects of kinship and descent are Family Code of the Phils: prescribed roles that men and women are to follow. socially constructed, as is race. Marriage is a special contract of permanent union between a Sex man and a woman entered into in accordance with law for the -is a biological concept. Terminologies establishment of conjugal and family life. It is the foundation of • Affinals: relatives by marriage. family and an inviolable social institution whose nature, Theories of Gender Development • Matrilineal descent: kin reckoned through the mother’s consequences and incidents are governed by law and not subject to Social Learning Theory lineage. stipulation, except that marriage within the limits provided by • Proponents of this theory believe that parents, as distributors • Patrilineal descent: kin reckoned through the father’s these codes. of reinforcement, reinforce appropriate gender role behavior. Cognitive-Developmental Theory lineage. Importance of Marriage • This is derived from Kohlberg's speculations about gender • Bilateral descent: kin reckoned through both sides of the To have a permanent relationship with the person you love. development. family. To beget children and have happy family. • Children begin the process of acquiring gender-appropriate • Matrilocal: marriage residence at the mother’s family For economic and social upliftment or insurance. behavior. house. Gender Schema Theory • Patrilocal: marriage residence at the father’s family house. MONOGAMY -helps a child to develop gender identity & formulate an “ one-union” marriage wherein man marries one woman appropriate gender role. What’s so special about family? Bigamy Schema • A family is the basic unit of the social group. As provided by Philippine law, when a man marries more than one - is a mental blueprint for organizing information, and • Anthropologists are interested in looking at families woman at a given time, which is considered a crime. children develop and formulate an appropriate and how they reckon kin since kin behavior has specific POLYGAMY gender. • Polygyny Gender Stereotyping rules in each culture. Is a marriage uniting one man to two or several women. -is defined as the beliefs humans hold about the characteristics • Polyandry associated with males and females. Types of families Gender Inequality • Nuclear family (husband, wife, offspring). Is a marriage uniting one woman to many men. 4 themes characterize feminist theorizing of gender inequality: • Extended family (family consisting of three or more SELECTION OF MARRIAGE PARTNERS Men & Women are situated in society unequally. generations). • Endogamy Organization of society. Other descent groups include: Requires a person to marry someone from his own locality, from No significant pattern of natural variation distinguishes the • Lineages (“the family line/tree”) his own race, social class and religion. sexes. • Clans (groups assuming common ancestry). • Exogamy All inequality theories assume fairly easily & naturally to Mandates marriage between people of different social categories. more egalitarian social structures. Gender Lineages and Clans COURTSHIP -refers to the different ways men & women play in society, & to the • Common to both types of descent groups is the belief in Paves the way for a man and a woman to know each other better relative power they wield. an apical ancestor(s) (among Christians, this would be from the moral, social, spiritual and emotional points of view. Power Adam and Eve). DATING -is a basic fabric of society & is possessed in varying degrees by • Lineages differ from clans in that lineages use Refers to an arrangement or appointment between a man and social actors in diverse social categories. demonstrated descent (the actual genealogy can be woman to meet socially. Determinants of Power cited). ENGAGEMENT Status resources • Clans have stipulated descent (they just say they are Has been associated with either giving an engagement ring or Experience related because they want to be!). giving a dowry, assumed as a bride price. Self-confidence