INDEPENDENT UNIVERSITY, BANGLADESH (IUB)

Report on Health and Social Economic Survey of Rural Families in Koitta,

Manikgonj

Course ID: LFE 201

Course Name: Live-in-Field Experience
Sec- 03
Autumn 2016

Submitted to:
Sadia Haque
Lecturer, School of Business

Submitted by:
Group: 01

Group Members ID
Azharul Islam 1210146
Somiya Islam 1210952
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

11th February, 2016

Sadia Haque
Lecturer, School of Business
Independent University, Bangladesh
Subject: Letter of Transmittal for the assigned report for the LFE201 course.

Dear Miss,

With due respect, we would like to inform you that we want to submit our Live-in-Field-
Experience (LFE201) report which was conducted from 2nd to 13th January, 2015 in Manikganj.
The area of survey which we were assigned was the village of Koitta in Manikganj. We have
performed the survey as we were instructed using rapport building and observation. Though it
was quite challenging, we thoroughly enjoyed the learning experience. We contributed our
sincere efforts to record the correct data. We also analyzed the data to ensure that it was relevant
and valid. We hope that the enclosed information will be helpful and self-explanatory.

Therefore, we are hopeful that our report will be able to achieve your approval. If you need any
kind of clarifications, we will hereby be prepared to do so.

Sincerely Yours,

Azharul Islam
Somiya Islam
Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................................................... 5
ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................................................... 6
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 7
OBJECTIVE OF LFE ..................................................................................................................................... 8
METHODOLOGY OF WORK IN LFE............................................................................................................. 9
DESCRIPTION OF PROSHIKA HRDC TRUST ................................................................................................ 9
VILLAGE MAPPING ...................................................................................................................................... 12
OBJECTIVE OF VILLAGE MAPPING........................................................................................................... 12
LEGENDS OF THE MAP ............................................................................................................................ 12
SURROUNDING PARA IDENTIFICATION .................................................................................................. 13
VILLAGE BORDER LINE AND LOCATION .................................................................................................. 15
IMPORTANT PLACES/LANDMARKS IDENTIFICATION: ............................................................................. 15
VILLAGE POPULATION............................................................................................................................. 16
Discussion on the completed village map .............................................................................................. 16
IDENTIFICATION OF EACH PAIR’S HOUSEHOLDS .................................................................................... 16
MARKET ANALYSIS ...................................................................................................................................... 17
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HAAT AND BAZAR .............................................................................................. 17
PRICE COMPARISON BETWEEN MANIKGANJ AND DHAKA ..................................................................... 18
VALUE CHAIN BETWEEN PRODUCER AND CONSUMER .......................................................................... 18
LOCAL PRODUTCS THAT ARE UNCOMMON OR RARE IN MANIKGONJ ................................................... 19
DIFFERENT PLACE AND HAAT DAYS ........................................................................................................ 20
PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES OF LOCAL PRODUCTS .................................................................................. 21
VILLAGE SERVICES: .................................................................................................................................. 22
VILLAGE ECONOMY ..................................................................................................................................... 22
OCCUPATION OF THE VILLAGERS: .......................................................................................................... 22
MONTHLY INCOME: ................................................................................................................................ 22
LAND OWNED: ........................................................................................................................................ 23
HOUSE TYPE AND HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES.......................................................................................... 23
 HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE ........................................................................................................................ 23
BANK LOAN ............................................................................................................................................. 23
MONTHLY EXPENDITURE AND CONSUMPTION PATTERN: ..................................................................... 23
HEALTH AND NATURAL ENVIRONMENT OF VILLAGE: ................................................................................ 23
SOCIAL CHANGES IN THE VILLAGE .............................................................................................................. 29
LIMITATIONS OF LFE WORK: ....................................................................................................................... 33
CONCLUSION............................................................................................................................................... 34
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to our Honorable Vice Chancellor, Professor
Omar Rahman for granting us the opportunity to be a part of LFE201 course which is not limited
to a course, but a life time experience indeed. We would also like to thank our respective faculty
members in LFE201 Sadia Haque, Md Aynul Hoque, Shafiqul Alam for their continuous support
and guidance throughout the journey. We would also like to thank the household members in the
village of Koitta who contributed their valuable time with much patience towards the
conversation we had with them, our village guide Rumana and Sharif who helped us find out the
household locations and the villagers in the neighborhood who assisted us in during our survey
in one way or the other. We are very grateful to the members of Proshika HRDC, Manikganj for
being such wonderful hosts and always being there for us to solve any kind of problem we faced.
We would like to convey our sincere thanks to our monitors who were very cooperative and
constantly contributed their effort to help us complete our tasks in the best way. Last but not the
least we would like to thanks our LFE mates who made the journey exciting, enjoyable and
memorable.
ABSTRACT

This study attempted to culminate the practices of making a report on the basis of Live-in-Field
Experience (LFE201) in Manikganj district. We were assigned to collect information from
specific households in the village of Koitta, Manikganj. By this report, we attempted to give an
outlook of the Health and social economic situation of rural families in the village of Koitta in
Manikganj. The information included in the report is a combination of what we learned from the
survey and available information over the internet. The report is an overview of health and social
economic survey where we described about the situation of the Koitta village. How is their
health condition, what type of problem they are facing for the condition of health? How social
changes are effecting of the rural families in Koitta, Manikganj .How the economic situation is
effecting of the rural families. We had also survey a hut which is always arrange weekly in
Katigram. In the Katigram hut, we saw many different products and that was a very different
experience for us. Their condition of the education is not very good though the village has
sufficient school .we also try to understand their mental and physiological situation of the
families in Koitta village. Besides, the environment, weather is pretty good in Koitta village that
why most of the people occupation is farmer and fishing. Not only for the occupation but also
most of the agriculture crops is growing in Koitta, Manikganj .Over all, we found that the health
and economic situation is not good and the suffering families are not completely aware of the
dangerous consequences of the health illnesses and the unhealthy village cannot improve their
economy.
INTRODUCTION

Live in field experience (LFE) is very innovative and interesting course in IUB. Our section was
selected for going to Manikganj which is very near from Dhaka and we were selected for Koitta
village which is very clean and tidy village. Koitta is a village in Bangladesh, located 52
kilometers west from the capital, in Manikganj district. In the country side, villager’s profession
is more dependent and involved with nature. Villagers make their living exclusively or
substantially from agriculture, cottage industries, pottery, jewelry, bamboo or woodcraft.
However, being close to the capital, the wind of modernization, industrialization or development
reached to this village too; forcing a certain impact on villager’s lifestyle. People are choosing
different modern jobs instead of traditional rural occupations.
OBJECTIVE OF LFE

LFE is an experience based course for the students where they learn about social research,
quantitative and qualitative evaluation, fact-findings, observation and report writing and of
course about rural people and their socio-economic condition. The main purpose of LFE is to
create awareness among the students about the reality of the health and socio-economic structure
of the rural area of Bangladesh.

. The objectives of LFE are as follows:

 To fulfil the aim of IUB at developing leadership qualities among the students with a
view to prepare them for serving the nation and humanity at large.
 To familiarize the participants with real socio-economic realities of rural life by
estimating literacy rate, level of education and working status of the population.
 To identify the changes that are taking place in the social structure and economic
development by measuring their monthly income and expenditure, ownership of land,
and their occupation.
 To know their agricultural method, cropping pattern, rotation of crops, and the crops’
seasonal life pattern.
 To find out the NGO activities in the village. To find out whether the organizations are
really involved in the development of the village or not, and how.
 To get the real picture of the present environmental conditions of the village, like the
source of water supply, toilet facilities, and the kind of fuels they use.
 To reflect the state of health and health awareness, vaccination and other medical
facilities those are available in the village.
 To identify the existing market structure of the village.

There are three primary groups that may benefit from this LFE study. The first group, consisting
of the social worker organization, NGO, statistical burro, general people can know the situation
of health, education, social and economy in the rural area. The second group, consisting of the
government may be able to take some actions with the objective of creating some more facilities
for village. The third group, the researchers may be able to carry out further study in which they
may be able to find out further information.

So, it is our duty to know about them and their life styles. LFE gives an opportunity to all the
students of IUB to know about the real picture of rural life.

METHODOLOGY OF WORK IN LFE

Methodology means the procedure of collecting data. All the information in this report has been
collected primary through the techniques which are mentioned below.

data available over the internet

The questionnaires consisted of two sets of different categories: Household questionnaire and
Adult questionnaire which was provided to us prior to the survey.
Primary source: The data was primarily collected through observation and conversation with
the households in Koitta. Structured questionnaire, unstructured interview, observation,
participant observation, life history and oral history, etc. are the primary sources of the data
collection.
Secondary Source: Additional data was acquired through articles, journals and research
publications available on the internet.

DESCRIPTION OF PROSHIKA HRDC TRUST

PROSHIKA HRDC Trust is a non-profitable learning organization. . It is situated at village

Koitta of Saturia thana. It became an independent organization as Trust at the beginning of
2003.Proshika HRDC Trust is a well reputed and recognized international standard education
and learning center. Dr. Qazi Faruque Ahmed is the Founder and Chairperson of PROSHIKA
HRDC Trust. He is also the Founder and Chairman of PROSHIKA.

The vision of PROSHIKA is “To envisages a society which is economically productive and
equitable, socially just, environmentally sound, and genuinely democratic”. PROSHIKA's
mission is to conduct an extensive, intensive, and participatory process of sustainable
development through empowering of the poor. PROSHIKA's objectives are: i) structural poverty
alleviation; ii) environmental protection and regeneration; iii) improvement in women's status;
iv) increasing people's participation in public institutions; and v) increasing people's capacity to
gain and exercise democratic and human rights.
PROSHIKA HRDC Trust campus is one of the most attractive places in Bangladesh. It is an
attractive place for education, recreation and eco-tourism. Open to the public on a rental basis, it
is more than just a physical facility for holding conferences, seminars, training, workshops, or
just for recreation. If offers a complete package including international standard living
arrangements as well as dining facilities. The campus spreads over 42 acres of land that includes
facilities for hosting training courses, seminars, workshops, meetings and conferences; and
demonstration projects on ecological agriculture, apiculture, livestock, fishery and sericulture.
All the programs of PROSHIKA are located in PROSHIKA HRDC Trust campus.
Besides, there is a shrimp hatchery, a bio-gas plant and tissue-culture laboratory and plant. The
centre can house seven training events at a time. PROSHIKA organize two categories training
for development managers and workers on Human development and practical skill development
training at PROSHIKA HRDC Trust.

PROSHIKA HRDC Trust has been practicing organic agriculture from its inception. It stands
on 42 acres of land of which 11.9 acres are used for cultivating organic cereal crops, various
pulses, oil seeds and vegetables. They are cultivating three cereal crops and six vegetables in a
year. PROSHIKA apiculture programs ensure all relevant services for the honey processing
plant which is situated in PROSHIKA HRDC campus. They supply pure honey without
preservative. PROSHIKA fabrics factory and sales centre where they are made the unstitch
cloth or readymade dresses like salware-kamij, sharees, and shirts of pure silk, cotton.
Tissue culture lab is standardized the procedure for Banana, Potato, Orchid and some other
Ornamental plants. PROSHIKA has established an integrated agricultural farm since 1980 in
which mini dairy farm is one of its components. Our dairy farm has been established to supply
organic food for human being consumption. To generate income and employment opportunity
for program participants PROSHIKA ensure all relevant services to the Visitors and the
customer. They also provided home delivery to the customer .besides visitor can purchase all
kinds of PROSHIKA’s product from their sales center.
VILLAGE MAPPING

OBJECTIVE OF VILLAGE MAPPING

In the LFE one of the most interesting and educative activities was establishing and drawing the
village map. Actually this village map of the study area gives us a clear idea about the village
that we visited for the survey.

Generally a map is a visual representative of an area. It provides surrounding of an area and the
main or important recognizable subjects and objects. It helps us to know an area at a glance and
make that individual area familiar to us. To learn the social structure of the community, Village
mapping help our team to identify the location of para’s important main road that connected to
the central city, historical objects, school, college, field, mosque, temple that indicates the village
development. We have found some of objectives and those are given below:

1. To know about the total area of the village.

2. To know about the surroundings among village and their internal road connectivity.
3. To know the approximate population of the village.
4. To know the main establishment of village such as school, college, hospital, village
market, mosque, temple, ponds etc
5. Main establishment or recognizable objects are milestones that help us to know about the
education structure, heath care facility, economic structure, climate etc of that village.

LEGENDS OF THE MAP

Creating a village map, it was a great experience for us. At first we create the map on premises
of Koitta Govt primary school. The school was so big enough for doing our map. Then all of
them stands together and discussed where is the para, school, mosques, high road, muddy road
etc. Then we drew the map in a page. We took some materials to identify our field, road, pond,
household, temple, school, mosque such the white powder to indentify the road, blue colors to
the pond, toys, leaves, yellow flower etc. Then we drew the village map on the school field.
Some students give direction and some listen the direction. It was a very peaceful work .Some of
the student manages the material to indentify the village. Some of the students write the para’s
name. To identify the village road we didn’t get any help from the villager’s .So we have to do
our own work. At the end of the work we took some pictures of the map. It was colorful to see
.we could make a great job on that day.

SURROUNDING PARA IDENTIFICATION

Basically there are 6 paras in Koitta village they are Kazipara, Kumarpara, Shahpara,
Shutradorpara, Majipara, Jelepara. Kazipara is in the south site. This para is near the “KOITTA
HIGH SCHOOL “.Kumarpara is behind the Koitta primay school.it is situated the south –west
position of the village. There are 2 side of Shutradorpara. One of is the left side of main road and
other the right of the main road. This para is situated the north-west side of the village. Shahpara
is also situated the west side of Koitta village. Majipara is behind the Shutradorpara. Majiapara is
the north side of the village. Jelepara is also north side of the village .it is just the behind the
banana garden.

SHUTRADORPARA SHAH PARA KUMARPARA

JELE PARA MAJIPARA KAZIPARA

VILLAGE BORDER LINE AND LOCATION
To identification the border line .We use the white powder to border the line. The border of
Koitta is Golora,Burudi ,other villages and the high way of Manikganj. The west side of the
border of Koitta is Doleshori Bridge. The south side of border is the agriculture land and the high
way road. The east side of the border is Burundi village. The north side of the border is going to
thehigh away road and Golora village.

IMPORTANT PLACES/LANDMARKS IDENTIFICATION:

There are many important place in Koitta .Such as mosque, temple, pond , school, field, shop etc
.We use toys to identify the mosque. To identify the pond we use blue color. To identify the
mustered field we use the yellow flower to identify the houses we use the sticks of matches. To
identify the field we the green leaves.
VILLAGE POPULATION
Koitta is very small village. There are about 20,000 people live in Koitta. Approximately 30% is
children, 33 % is female and 37% is male. Some of them live in out of Koitta for their livelihood.
Some of them migrated to the other village. Some of the female live in another place after doing
marriage.

Discussion on the completed village map

Our Survey Area Was Koitta Village. This village is dividing into 6 para Koitta is a very
beautiful village. Most of the people are farmer and uneducated. People live here under poverty
line. So they don’t have any idea about map. The starting of the map is from the Proshika. Then we
found the bridge which is over the main road. The north and west part is full of the area of Koitta.
There are 2 school, 6 ponds, 3 mosques, 5 temples, lots of crops field, 1 cannel, 1 bridge, 1 grave, 2
brick fields.

IDENTIFICATION OF EACH PAIR’S HOUSEHOLDS

To identify the households we use the round shape on our drawing map. There 9 household’s
information we have completed.
4 households we have completed in the area of east side of Burudi.

1 household in the west side of Shahpara.

2 household is the left side of the main road of Sutradorpara.
1 household is the right side of Koitta Bazar which is in the north side of Shutrdorpara.

Md. Ramjan East Burundi

Md. Sohidul Islam East Burundi
Md. Halal Uddin East Burundi
Md. Abdur Rahman East Burundi
Sunil Chandra Shutradhar Shutradorpara
Porimol Chandra Sutradhar Shutradorpara
Anil Chandra Sutradhar Shahpara
Gopinath Chandra Sutradhar Shutradorpara
Nitai Haldar Shutradorpara

MARKET ANALYSIS

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HAAT AND BAZAR

Bazaar is a place where buyers & seller meet together & exchange their desired value at a
temporary & permanent place. It is available 24 hours. Haat is a place where buyers & sellers
meet together & exchange their desired value at a temporary place for a certain time, in our case
once or twice in a week.

Palichara Bazaar PalicharaHaat

Frequency Every day Friday and Monday
Price of the product Price of the products is Price of the products is
comparatively high. comparatively low.
Area In the Bazaar almost every There is no specific place that
retailers and wholesalers have a retailer needs to have to sell
a specific place to sell their the vegetables and other items.
products. They can place their shop at
any empty place during the
Haat days.
Amount of goods sold The amount of products sold In the Haat days the amount of
is more or less same in all the sold products is
regular days. comparatively larger in
amount.
Number of consumers Less number of consumers The presence of the customers
gathered than Haat days. is generally higher than
regular Bazaar days.
Types of people (consumers Generally consumers come Consumers come from
and sellers) from nearby villages to buy different villages. Many
products. And the sellers are sellers are not regular retailers
professional or usual retailers at all. They comes with a little
and wholesalers. amount of vegetables or any
other relevant items to sell;
cultivated in their land

PRICE COMPARISON BETWEEN MANIKGANJ AND DHAKA

The price of agricultural items in Manikgonj is lower than Dhaka city because maximum
agricultural items are being produced in Manikgonj locally. So here there is no transportation
cost included with the goods’ prices which is the main cause of high price of agricultural items
here in Dhaka. For example the price of 1kg potato is BDT 20 in Manikgonj, which is Tk24 in
Dhaka. The prices of Eggplant, Green tomato, Cauliflower and Bean are BDT 20, BDT 25, BDT
30 and BDT 25 respectively per kg in Manikgonj, and in Dhaka City these are BDT 25, BDT 35,
BDT 32 and BDT 30.

VALUE CHAIN BETWEEN PRODUCER AND CONSUMER

1) Molasses: It is produced from the sap of the date-palm. The local people collect sap from
the date-palm and then make molasses in their own premises. Then they go to market to
sell it and the local people buy molasses from them at their desired price.
2) Flower Trees and Other Trees: There are some people in Manikgonj who have their own
nursery and they produce different kinds of flower trees and many other tresses for
business purposes. They usually sell them on the bazaar that means they go to market
every day and seek customers to have all these items sold out.
3) Mustard Oil: Many people in manikgonj cultivate mustard in their land and they sell it to
the local agent. The local agents produce oil from the mustard. They they sell it in the
local market and supply some of these to another part of the country.
 4) Vegetables: Almost every vegetable are being produced in Manikgonj. Local people
produce vegetable and sell them in the haat. Growing vegetables are the main profession
of many people in manikgonj. Customers buy these vegetables from haat though some
items are available in the bazaar.
5) Cloth: There are many weavers in manikgonj who weave loom and produce many
colorful cloth. They sell them to the local market. People collect these cloths from the
weavers directly or there are some intermediaries who supply cloth to different interested
group of people.

LOCAL PRODUTCS THAT ARE UNCOMMON OR RARE IN MANIKGONJ

There are many items that are being produced by local people and these items are normally used
by the village people of Manikgonj. Some of these are given below.
Item Name Price (BDT Per Piece)
Kula 150
Mathail 100
Chaluni 50-120
Tukri 100
Polo 150
Chatai 150
Dara 60
Chaluni: Chaluni is a bangali word and it is normally used in rural areas made by bamboo. Some
people in Manikgonj make such items and sell them in the market. These items are normally
used to remove dust from any crops like rice, paddy, wheat, chile, turmeric etc.
Mathail: This is normally used by the farmer when they work on the field. They normally use it
to be protected from the sun shine. It is made by bamboo too and made by local people.
Tukri: It is also made by bamboo. People use it to bear something on their head or to keep
something. It is a widely used item in Bangladesh.

DIFFERENT PLACE AND HAAT DAYS

Bazzar/Haat Name Haat Days

Katigram Ideal bazaar Sunday and Wednesday
Koitta Bazaar Friday only
Janna Haat Monday Only
Bayra Haat Tuesday
Math Sohor Sunday and Wednesday
Bangladesh Haat Tuesday
Tota Haat Saturday and Tuesday

PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES OF LOCAL PRODUCTS

A marketing plan is focused on the target market and made up of four key elements. These four
elements are also knows as the 4 Ps. One P is called the promotional mix and it contains
advertising, public relations, personal selling and sales promotion.

ADVERTISING: One of the most important elements of the promotional mix for Fun Town
was the creation of a viable advertising program. Advertising is any form of impersonal (one-
way) paid communication in which the company is identified.

SALES PROMOTION: Sales promotion is another tool in the promotional mix. It contains
methods of stimulating consumer purchase and is usually based on a short-term or immediate
goal.
DIRECT MARKETING: A form of advertising in which physical marketing materials are
provided to consumers in order to communicate information about a product or service. Direct
marketing does not involve advertisements placed on the internet, on television or over the radio.

According to our observation there are no promotional activities here in the village of koitta in
Manikgonj. People market their product through direct selling. They come to the market and
display their products and villagers buy the items from them that are needed.

VILLAGE SERVICES:

1) Community Clinic: There is a community clinic for the village people. There are some
trained paramedics who provide primary treatment to the villagers. Village people collect
free medicine provided by the govt. from this clinic. The paramedics or health workers
help villagers for making a good family planning.
2) Govt. Primary and Secondary School: There are two schools in koitta Village. People
who are poor are now able to make their children educated. All the students are getting
new books from the govt. at the very first day of every New Year.
3) Services from Union Parishad: Union Parishad provide different services to the villagers
such as training, motivation services for the farmers, providing different seeds and
different donations from the govt.

VILLAGE ECONOMY

OCCUPATION OF THE VILLAGERS: The major occupation we have seen in the village that
maximum people are Farmer, Shop keeper, Carpenter, Fisherman, Vegetable businessman etc.
Some are teacher in the local schools. Almost all the female persons are housewives. Their
family depends on their husband’s income.

MONTHLY INCOME: Average monthly income of the villagers is approximately 10-15k. This
money is normally earned by the male members in each family.
LAND OWNED: The villagers of koitta are not that much rich. Some people have both
cultivable land and land for houses. Others have land only for their houses; they don’t have any
land to cultivate.

HOUSE TYPE AND HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES: Some people’s houses are building but
maximum people’s houses are normal house made by tin. Appliances used by them are Fan,
Television, radio etc. No house we found which has Refrigerator.

HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE: Maximum people have only bed made by wood. They don’t
have any Almirah, Dining Table, Dressing Table etc.

BANK LOAN: There are many people who take personal loan or business loan from the banks
located in Manikgonj Sadar. They take loans for their business and farming purpose.

MONTHLY EXPENDITURE AND CONSUMPTION PATTERN: As the villagers’ monthly

income is not that much high so their consumption level is also low. They consume the whole
amount they earn in a month. Sometimes they take extra loan from the banks or their neighbors
to cover the money that need as an extra.

Here these indicators show that the village’s economy is not that much good. But as a village it is
lower than average. As the maximum people of this village are uneducated the village is also
backdated. To develop the condition of this village’s economy they will have to ensure all the
people are educated. Without proper education and govt. help it’s not possible to be developed
automatically for a village. So hopefully Bangladesh Government will increase its facility to this
village and this village will be much updated than current condition.

HEALTH AND NATURAL ENVIRONMENT OF VILLAGE:

In Bangladesh 80 percent people live in the village. They grow with the green shades of natural
environment. But most of the village people are not concerned about their health and Koitta,
Manikganj is also one of them.
WATER SOURCES:
The village people in Koitta are very unconscious about their health. Tube well, lake, pond,
cannel is the main water recourses of Koitta village. About 3 or 4 families are using 1 tube well.
They use the tube well and pond water for their drinking, cooking and personal use purposes. So
they are using very unhygienic water which is not tested for the purity. As we survey of the
village we didn’t find any house which tube well has Arsenic. But many of the house has some
water diseases like dysentery, stomach pain etc.

SANITATION SYSTEM:
Sanitation facilities are very important for health and environment condition. In village of Koitta,
the people also don’t bother for their sanitation system. Most of the households have poor
sanitation. Some household have hygienic sanitation but which is not sufficient for them. Most of
the villagers use slab latrine, hanging latrine. Approximately 60% of the villagers use unhygienic
sanitation system. It is so much hazardous for their health.
FAMILY PLANNING SITUATION:
From the survey of village Koitta they are very concern about family planning. Every household
have one or two children. Some households have more than 3 but not exceed 5 which are very
good. For their family planning, they like to use protection and medicine.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION:
Koitta has very neat and clean environment most of the Hindus family lives in the Koitta village
.They are very nature lover people. The environment is very suitable for growing the
agricultural items. In village of Koitta various kinds of crops grown here such as mustered plant,
rice, potato, vegetables etc. besides different kind of fruits garden also have in village such as
mango, banana, sugarcane etc are also grown here. Though most of the people are Hindu, every
Hindus household has the basil tree. Therefore, there are some tree gardens behind the school of
Koitta. But there is a brick field which very harmful for the environment. Not only that, the pond
and lake water is also suitable for farming fish. Many of villager catches fish .So that we can
understood the water of pond and cannel is clean that’s why villager can fishes here.
VACCINATION PROGRAMS:
Vaccination is the most important thing in this modern period. There are no options to prevent
children diseases like Polio, Diphtheria and whooping cough without vaccinations and as a third
world country Bangladesh is the more sufferers from those diseases. There is no community
clinic or any hospital in Koitta which is very surprising. That why there is no special program for
Vaccination. But the Govt. provided vaccination is supplied there from the General Hospital of
Manikganj or some health worker. They provided this vaccine for free. Approximate 60 percent
of the people alarm about the vaccine.

FUEL USED IN COOKING:

Cooking place is very important for environmental condition and it is also very important for
health condition also. Cooking means burning some fuel and from where smokes produces and
pollute the environment which is usually unhealthy for health. In Koitta village, there is no
supply of gas. So that people are used to fire the wood which is called “Matir Unun” for cooking
their food. In Koitta, cooking place of most house are outside their house but inside the
compound where the condition is usually unhealthy because they use wood or cow dung which
makes heavy smoke. For that reason their health condition is also poor.

MAJOR AND MINOR DISEASES OF VILLAGERS:

The people of Koitta village are quite strong in physically. But there are some major diseases
which diseases suffer a lot of people such as Gastric, Chest pain, Headache, Stomach pain, ,
Toothache, Cough, etc. The age of 40-70 years people suffers the above diseases. But Gastric is
very common diseases in Koitta village. There are some minor diseases such as Diabetic, High
pressure, Fever suffers very few people.

HEALTH TREATMENT FACILITIES IN THE VILLAGE:

This is very surprising that there is no clinic or hospital in Koitta village. The village people are
dependent on the General Hospital of Manikganj which is quite far from the village. But there
some Government health workers who are provided treatment, medicine for free. But people of
Koitta are very much aware for their health condition. Any kind of sickness, they like to take
medicine from the medicine shop.

NATURAL CALAMITIES IN THE VILLAGE:

The natural calamities of Koitta are very suitable for living. Sometimes there are happen large
scale of rain fall, flood but that is not stayed a long period. That’s why Koitta village is very
suitable for agriculture sector. But there are no hazard disasters of environment.
WILD LIFE/ANIMALS/BIRDS:
The shade of green is covered the whole Koitta village. So there are lots birds and animal in
Koitta such as magpie robin, koel, herons, kite etc are very common in Koitta village. But there
is no wild animal in Koitta. The people Koitta like to pet cow, goat, cat, dog, ,chicken, dove etc.
They are many mustered garden that bees and the lovely bird loves to take the sweetness.
SOCIAL CHANGES IN THE VILLAGE

EDUCATION:

The people of Koitta village are quite attentive for their education .There is 2 schools in Koitta
which is not enough. Though they have 1 primary and 1 high school, the people of Koitta are not
that much educated. Most of the people just passed their Primary education .Very few people
have completed their Graduation. About 65% people passed their primary level. Maximum
female student quit their study for marry or expense or conservative family and male student quit
their study for taking the liability of the family. Some people were educated and they are living
outside of Manikganj. But now a day the parents are very alert to educate their children which
are growing slowly. There is no University in Koitta or in Manikganj. So that students are not
getting inspire to study in higher level. There are very less facilities in the high school. There are
no lab room, library, canteen, supply pure water, computer etc.
Government primary school of Koitta.

WOMEN EMPOWERMENT

Women are the strongest power which helps to develop a country. But in Bangladesh it is just
looking in the opposite way. In the village of Koitta, the empowerment of women is very bad.
Some household we found that the women are doing in different sector. Most of the household
head is the man; maximum women’s occupation is housewife. It is mean that the women are just
born to survive inside of house. But this is so wrong and this concept is created by the men.
She is one of our house hold member .She is 55 years old. Her husband divorced him. But she
didn’t look behind. She is working in a company. Not only that she earns money but also she
takes care of her son. She has her own house.

MARRIAGE AND DOWRY

For the prospective of Marriage system .there are occurred some illegal matter such as early
marriage. Most of the male and female get married in the age of 12-20 years. For the female it is
12-15 years and for the male it is 16-22 years. The male age is acceptable but the female one is
illegal. This is occurred for lack of education, poverty and negative mentality.
But for the prospective of dowry .They are very honest for telling this. Very few people take
dowry from their wife, some of them take dowry and that is money. The amount of dowry is not
more than 50,000 taka which is moderate. Some they take gold, cycle, motorbike, watch etc.
FOOD HABIT:
The habitation of food is very normal in Koitta. Because of their economic condition is moderate
so their costing for food is low. They grow different types of vegetable, crops. Some of have
their own land. They can grow all kinds agriculture item what they want. Normally they eat rice
for their three times meal. They like to eat vegetables, fish, dal, rice, egg, milk etc. Sometimes
they like to eat meat for any occasions like Eid, Puja, others festivals. There are Hindu families;
they like to eat vegetables rather than fish and meat.
FAMILY STRUCTURE:
The number of each family is moderate. About 4- 7 people are stayed in one house. The Koitta
people are very much attentive for the family planning. Most of the families are depended on
their male household one.

SOCIAL SUPERSTITION:
Social superstition is very much higher in Koitta. People should respect their religion. But it
doesn’t mean that they just depend on their God. They try to do something which can better for
him but they don’t. This is not a superstition but it is a very interesting matter. The Hindu male
household can’t speak his mother name. They believe it for their religion reason.

TRANSPORT SYSTEM:
The facility of transport is very bad in Koitta, there are some few medium of transport such as
rickshaw, van and tampu. But that is not sufficient. Most of the road is not pitched. Only the
main road is pitched, so that, the older and children it is difficult to move outside. Bus is just
available for the long road and outside of the Manikganj.

ENTERTAINMENT:
For entrain their life koitta people love to watch TV, listening song, singing song and many
others thing. They don’t have any use of Facebook, Twiiter because they are backdated about it.
But most of the house holds have TV and line of Dish. There is no cinema hall in Koitta . But
they love listen song. Some time they create Mela and Hut to make some entertainment. Besides
every religious festival, all of them like celebrate with each other
LIMITATIONS OF LFE WORK:

This is common factor of a research work to face certain limitations. We also faced many
limitations while doing our survey as well as while analyzing data, plus while preparing our
report because this technique of research methodology is a new concept for us.

 This study may be limited through the use of a questionnaire as a data collection
instrument. Also, the limited time for the study may itself be a limitation for the study.
Otherwise, using in-depth interviews besides the questionnaire might have been proved to
be more effective.
 We have a little knowledge about this course and of this type of work. In addition, we did
not have preliminary experience about data collection.
 There are some options which is not included in the questionnaire such as; the occupation
for children, female student, some diseases name etc.
 Our survey was limited to few households which did not cover the entire population of
Koitta. The village guide didn’t know some household very well. They need some
training for addressing the household home.
 As we conducted our survey during the working hours of the day, most of the male
members were out of their houses. As a result, we had to interview the female members
of the household which might have resulted in biased data. Some of the household
doesn’t want to give interview. They don’t want to waste their time for us. Last but not
the least, lack of experience of the interviewer might have had affected the
communication between the interviewer and the respondents in terms of less effective
data.
 While surveying the research areas, not too much but a few problems were faced and one
of them was the time when we went to the villages. Rural life has their own routine and
pace, as a result the household head was not home when we reached, and even if they
were, we felt hesitant to take too much of their valuable time and understand their views
on different topics elaborately. The rush we had to face while getting answers from them
really affected our data collection and ultimately the report preparation.
CONCLUSION

Almost 80 percent of Bangladesh’s population dwells in the villages. Without knowing about
them and their lifestyle, we can hardly say that we have knowledge about our country. These
people are doing agricultural activities and for this reason, our economy is gaining pace. Since
the birth of our nation, the farmers in the village have been working very hard which is leading
to its economic growth silently. However, we barely realize how important role they are playing
for us. Therefore, it is vital for every person to know about the villagers, their lifestyle, their
culture, their thoughts, their problems and also their expectations.
As IUBian, we feel blessed to have had this golden opportunity to spend some time with the real
heroes of our country, the villagers, who work day and night for the growth and prosper of our
country. We did not realize how much of our race, culture and society is still unknown to us until
we were taken to the heart of our country, the rural villages. During our short stay, we bonded
with individuals at a level that goes beyond any form of expressions. We learned about their joy,
sorrow, achievements, and most importantly, their simplicity. The course also trained us to
improve our communication skills which will help us outperform in the future challenges. Most
importantly, the course taught us how to adapt to a new environment, how to keep satisfied and
contented with less, and how to stay calm and patient even in the worst possible scenario. We
went to Manikganj for conducting survey for our course but we came back with an experience
that goes beyond the books.
Therefore, the journey of Live-in-Field-Experience (LFE) will always remain in our special
memories because it changed our way of thinking and groomed us to be better personalities.

The best thing about the villagers is their smile. Their innocent smile can instantly win hearts.
Despite of living a life full of struggles, they smile. Their smile gives them the courage to hope
and dream that someday their lives will change. Though the people in the villages are less
educated, we still have a lot to learn from them. We need to learn how to be patient and positive
from them. They may not have musch to give but they have the strength to smile and spread
happiness no matter what.