PCM: Ports, Boards, Services,

and Application Scenarios-1

Hey buddy, what is the relationship between PCM ports,

boards, services and application scenarios?

Glad you asked, let me explain them to you.

The Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) technology has been widely used
in the power, railway, and civil aviation industries.
However, this technology faces many challenges. Take its use in the
power industry as an example. Multi-generation products co-exist
with a time span of 20 years, resulting in device complexity and port
variety and further multi-level conversion and maintenance difficulty.

Video
Teleprotection surveillance

Dispatching PCM Telecontrol

system
telephone Application
Electric in Power Fault
energy recording
metering Grids

Office Fire control

system

Now let’s talk about the most widely used PCM ports, available
boards and application scenarios.
FXS/FXO Port

- Available boards: FXS12, FXSO12, FXSO12, N3DX1

- Physical port/rate: RJ-11, 64 kbit/s, ITU-T G.712-compliant

- Z interface extension: FXS-FXO service (The FXS port

connects to the phone and the FXO port connects to the PBX.
- Power/Railway/Civil aviation: remote transparent
transmission over phone
- Hotline: FXS-FXS, dialing-free, call connected upon off-hook
- Power/Railway: dispatching telephone, track-side telephone,
driving telephone services between stations
 PCM: Ports, Boards, Services,
and Application Scenarios-2

2-/4-Wire Audio and E&M

- Available boards: AT6, N3DX1

- Physical port/rate: RJ-45, 64 kbit/s, ITU-T G.712-compliant
- E&M signaling: Bell types I–V&SSDC5 signaling

- Standalone use of 2-/4-wire audio or E&M port:

transmission of telecontrol data or voice
- Power/Railway: remote SCADA, dispatching automation
- 2-/4-wire audio and E&M: simultaneous transmission
of voice and signaling
- Civil aviation: control of VHF station/civil aviation radar

Sub-rate Port

- Available boards: DM12 (DX1 interface board), N3DX1

- Physical port/rate: DB28, 0.6–48 kbit/s

- Sub-rate (P2P): synchronous/asynchronous data

transmission over narrowband
- Power/Railway/Civil aviation: smart meter, telecontrol system
- Conference (P2MP): communication between master
and slave devices
- Power: data combination in the upstream and broadcast
in the downstream

Common sub-rate ports and related standards are as follows.

Sub-rate Port Standard Compliance

RS-232 ITU-T V.24
RS-422/RS-485 ITU-T X.27
V.24 ITU-T V.24
V.35 ITU-T V.35
X.21 ITU-T X.27/ITU-T V.11
 PCM: Ports, Boards, Services,
and Application Scenarios-3

Co64k

- Available board: N3DX1

- Physical port/rate: DB44, 64 kbit/s, ITU-T G.703-compliant

- G.703 64 kbit/s co-directional service: teleprotection,

remote data collection
- Power/Railway: teleprotection

- Co64K uniqueness: transmission of data and timing

signals over the same pair of cables through encoding

N×64kbit/s

- Available board: DM12 (DX1 interface board)

- Physical port/rate: DB28, Nx64 kbit/s

- DDN: permanent circuits using digital channels

- Applications: computer communication, fax, voice, etc.

Common N×64kbit/s ports and related standards are as follows.

N×64kbit/s Port Standard Compliance

RS-449 EIA RS-449（RS-423A/RS-422A）
RS-530/RS-530A EIA RS-530/EIA RS-530A
V.24 ITU-T V.24
V.35 ITU-T V.35
X.21 ITU-T X.21

That clears it all up for me. See you next time!

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