PRACTICE TEST NO.

2
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part
differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. species B. invent C. medicine D. tennis
2. A. superstar B. harvest C. particular D. part
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the
other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
3. A. commercial B. constructive C. essential D. national
4. A. copy B. remove C. notice D. cancel
5. A. curriculum B. economics C. hesitation D. calculation
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to choose
the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Until the early part of this century there was certainly a (6)________ between popular music, the songs and dance
tunes of the masses, and what we have (7) ________ to call classical music. Up to that point, however, there were
at least some points of contact between the two, and perhaps, general recognition of what made a good voice, or
a good song. With the development of (8) ________ entertainment, popular music (9) ________ away and has
gradually developed a stronger life of its own to the point where it has become (10) ________ with the classics. In
some (11) ________, it is now dominated by the promotion of youth culture.
6. A. contradiction B. distinction C. separation D. discrimination
7. A. come B. become C. ended D. moved
8. A. crowd B. majority C. quantity D. mass
9. A. cut B. split C. cracked D. branched
10. A. incongruous B. inconsistent C. incidentally D. incompatible
11. A. respects B. manners C. effects D. regards

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer in each of the
following questions.
12. As a millionaire who liked to show off her wealth, Mrs. Smith paid ______ we asked.
A. four time much than B. four times as much as
C. four times much as D. four time as many as
13. Regular exercise and good diet will bring ______ fitness and health.
A. from B. to C. about D. up
14. The pool should not be made so deep ______ small children can be safe there.
A. if B. so as to C. though D. so that
15. We all agree that she is ______ student in our class.
A. the cleverest B. a more clever C. most clever D. cleverest
16. There has been a great increase in retail sales, ______?
A. hasn't there B. isn't there C. isn't it D. doesn’t it
17. I am sorry I have no time at present to ______ detail of our plan.
A. bring in B. take into C. come in D. go into
18. Long ago, women were ______ to vote in political elections.
A. prevented B. stopped C. forbidden D. banned
19. She asked me ______ I was looking at.
A. when B. if C. what D. why
20. In spite of her abilities, Laura has been ______ overlooked for promotion.
A. repeat B. repeatedly C. repetitive D. repetition
21. Education in many countries is compulsory ______ the age of 16.
A. for B. when C. until D. forwards
22. ______ one of the most beautiful forms of performance art, ballet is a combination of dance and mime
performed to music.
A. Being considering B. Considering C. Considered D. To consider
23. The examination was not very difficult, but it was ______ long.
A. so much B. too much C. very much D. much too
24. ______ has been a topic of continual geological research.
A. The continents formed B. If the continents formed
C. How did the continents form D. How the continents were formed
25. We must push the piano to the corner of the hall to ______ our party tonight.
A. make place for B. take up room to C. make room for D. give place to
26. Standing on the tip of the cape, ______.
A. people have seen a lighthouse far away B. lies a lighthouse in the middle of the sea
C. a lighthouse can see from the distance D. we can see the lighthouse in the distance
27. Only one of our gifted students ______ to participate in the final competition.
A. has been chosen B. have been chosen C. were choosing D. chosen
28. ______ his brother, Mike is active and friendly.
A. Alike B. Unlike C. Dislike D. Liking

29. Michael looked deeply hurt and surprised when ______.

A. scolded B. scolding C. to scold D. having scolded

30. He ______ us but he was short of money at the time.

A. could have helped B. can help C. might help D. would help

31. The boat was sailing north when a terrible storm ______ .
A. had broken B. broke C. would break D. was breaking
32. The Lake District, ______ was made a national park in 1951, attracts a large number of tourists every year.
A. that B. where C. what D. which

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct answer to each of the questions.

By far the most important United States export product in the eighteenth and
nineteenth centuries was cotton, favored by the European textile industry over flax or
wool because it was easy to process and soft to tile touch. Mechanization of spinning
Line and weaving allowed significant centralization and expansion in the textile industry during
(5) this period, and at the same time the demand for cotton increased dramatically. American
producers were able to meet this demand largely because of tile invention of the cotton gin
by Eli Whitney in 1793. Cotton could be grown throughout the South, but separating the
fiber – or lint – from the seed was a laborious process. Sea island cotton was relatively
easy to process by hand, because its fibers were long and seeds were concentrated at the
(10) base of the flower, but it demanded a long growing season, available only along the
nation's eastern seacoast. Short-staple cotton required a much shorter growing season,
but the shortness of the fibers and their mixture with seeds meant that a worker could
hand-process only about one pound per day. Whitney's gin was a hand-powered machine
with revolving drums and metal teeth to pull cotton fibers away from seeds. Using the gin,
(15) a worker could produce up to 50 pounds of lint a day. The later development of larger
gins, powered by horses, water, or steam, multiplied productivity further.

The interaction of improved processing and high demand led to the rapid spread of
the cultivation of cotton and to a surge in production. It became the main American
export, dwarfing all others. In 1802, cotton composed 14 percent of total American
(20) exports by value. Cotton had a 36 percent share by 1810 and over a 50 percent share
in 1830. In 1860, 61 percent of the value of American exports was represented by cotton.
 In contrast, wheat and wheat flour composed only 6 percent of the value of American
exports in that year. Clearly, cotton was king in the trade of the young republic. The
growing market for cotton and other American agricultural products led to an
(25) unprecedented expansion of agricultural settlement, mostly in the eastern half of the
United States---west of the Appalachian Mountains and east of the Mississippi River.

1. The main point of the passage is that the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were a time when
(A) the European textile industry increased its demand for American export products
(B) mechanization of spinning and weaving dramatically changed the textile industry
(C) cotton became a profitable crop but was still time-consuming to process
(D) cotton became the most important American export product

2. The word "favored" in line 2 is closest in meaning to

(A) preferred (B) recommended (C) imported (D) included

3. All of the following are mentioned in the passage as reasons for the increased demand for cotton EXCEPT
(A) cotton's softness
(B) cotton's ease of processing
(C) a shortage of flax and wool
(D) the growth that occurred in the textile industry.

4. The word "laborious" in line 8 is closest in meaning to

(A) unfamiliar (B) primitive (C) skilled (D) difficult

5. According to the passage, one advantage of sea island cotton was its
(A) abundance of seeds (B) long fibers
(C) long growing season (D) adaptability to different climates
6. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about cotton production in the United States after the
introduction of Whitney's cotton gin?
(A) More cotton came from sea island cotton plants than before.
(B) More cotton came from short-staple cotton plants than before.
(C) Most cotton produced was sold domestically.
(D) Most cotton produced was exported to England.

7. The word "surge" in line 18 is closest in meaning to

(A) sharp increase (B) sudden stop
(C) important change (D) excess amount

8. The author mentions "wheat and wheat flour" in line 22 in order to

(A) show that Americans exported more agricultural products than they imported.
(B) show the increase in the amount of wheat products exported.
(C) demonstrate the importance of cotton among American export products.
(D) demonstrate that wheat farming was becoming more profitable.

9. The word "unprecedented" in line 25 is closest in meaning to

(A) slow (B) profitable (C) not seen before (D) never explained

10. According to the passage, the Mississippi River was

(A) one of the boundaries of a region where new agricultural settlement took place
(B) a major source of water for agricultural crops
(C) the primary route by which agricultural crops were transported
(D) a main source of power for most agricultural machinery
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct answer to each of the questions.
A survey is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire, that provides
information concerning how people think and act. In the United States, the best-known
surveys are the Gallup poll and the Harris poll. As anyone who watches the news during
Line campaigns presidential knows, these polls have become an important part of political life in
(5) the United States.

North Americans are familiar with the many "person on the street? interviews on local
television news shows. While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not
necessarily an accurate indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only
those people who appear at a certain location. Thus, such samples can be biased in favor
(10) of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factory workers, depending on which area the
newspeople select. Second, television interviews tend to attract outgoing people who are
willing to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel intimidated by
a camera. A survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinely
reflect a broad range of the population.

(15) In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercise great care in the wording
of questions. An effective survey question must be simple and clear enough for people to
understand it. It must also be specific enough so that there are no problems in interpreting
the results. Even questions that are less structured must be carefully phrased in order to elicit
the type of information desired. Surveys can be indispensable sources of information, but
(20) only if the sampling is done properly and the questions are worded accurately.

There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the questionnaire. Each of these
forms of survey research has its advantages. An interviewer can obtain a high response rate
because people find it more difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than
to throw away a written questionnaire. In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written
(25) questions and probe for a subject's underlying feelings and reasons. However, questionnaires
have the advantage of being cheaper and more consistent.

20. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) The history of surveys in North America
(B) The principles of conducting surveys
(C) Problems associated with interpreting surveys
(D) The importance of polls in American political life

21. The word "they" in line 8 refers to

(A) North Americans (B) news shows (C) interviews (D) opinions

22. According to the passage, the main disadvantage of person-on-the-street interviews is that they
(A) are not based on a representative sampling
(B) are used only on television
(C) are not carefully worded
(D) reflect political opinions

23. The word "precise" in line 13 is closest in meaning to

(A) planned (B) rational (C) required (D) accurate

24. According to paragraph 3, which of the following is most important for an effective survey?
(A) A high number of respondents
(B) Carefully worded questions
(C) An interviewer's ability to measure respondents' feelings
(D) A sociologist who is able to interpret the results

25. The word "exercise" in line 15 is closest in meaning to

 (A) utilize (B) consider (C) design (D) defend

26. The word "elicit" in line 18 is closest in meaning to

(A) compose (B) rule out (C) predict (D) bring out

27. It can be inferred from the passage that one reason that sociologists may become frustrated with
questionnaires is that
(A) respondents often do not complete and return questionnaires
(B) questionnaires are often difficult to read
(C) questionnaires are expensive and difficult to distribute
(D) respondents are too eager to supplement questions with their own opinions

28. According to the passage, one advantage of live interviews over questionnaires is that live interviews
(A) cost less (B) can produce more information
(C) are easier to interpret (D) minimize the influence of the researcher

29. The word "probe" in line 25 is closest in meaning to

(A) explore (B) influence (C) analyze (D) apply

30. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage?

(A) Survey (line 1) (B) Public opinion (line 8)
(C) Representative sampling (line 13) (D) Response rate (line 22)
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in
meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
1: The works of such men as the English philosophers John Locke and Thomas Hobbes helped pave the way
for academic freedom in the modern sense.
A. terminate B. prevent C. initiate D. lighten
2: E-cash cards are the main means of all transactions in a cashless society.
A. cash-starved B. cash-strapped C. cash-in-hand D. cash-free
3: Many scientists agree that global warming poses great threats to all species on Earth.
A. risks B. annoyances C. fears D. irritations

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in
meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
4: Population growth rates vary among regions and even among countries within the same region.
A. restrain B. stay unchanged C. remain unstable D. fluctuate
5: In some countries, the disease burden could be prevented through environmental improvements.
A. something to suffer B. something enjoyable
C. something sad D. something to entertain
Read the following passage and choose the best answer:

Whenever we read about the natural world nowadays, it is generally to be given dire predictions about its
(1) ______ destruction. Some scientists go so (2) ______ as to assert that from now on, the world can no
longer be called 'natural', insofar as future processes of weather, climate and all the interactions of plant
and animal life will no longer carry on in their time-honored way, unaffected by humans. There will never
be such a thing as 'natural weather' again, say such writers, only weather affected by global warming. It is
hard to know whether to believe such (3) ______ of doom, possibly because what they are saying seems
too terrible to be true. There are other equally influential scientists who argue that climate, for example,
has changed many times over the (4) ______, and that what we are experiencing now may simply be part
of an endless (5) ______ of change, rather than a disaster on a global (6) ______.
1. A. coming B. close C. imminent D. nigh
2. A. much B. deep C. long D. far
3. A. prophets B. champions C. warriors D. giants
4. A. generations B. millennia C. centuries D. eras
5. A. revolution B. circle C. round D. cycle
6. A. measure B. scale C. proportion D. extent
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs
correction in each of the following questions.
Question 1: All of the students in this course will be assessed according to their attendance, performance,
A B C
and they work hard.
D
Question 2: Most of the students are queuing in lines waiting to enter the classroom.
A B C D
Question 3: Since January this year, Joe has suffered two injuries, one to his ankle and the other in New York.
A B C D
Question 4: Women in many parts of the world have had lower status than men, which the extent
A B
of the gap between genders varies across cultures and times.
C D
Question 5: As seeing from the mountain top, the area looks like a picturesque harbour town.
A B C D
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Postsecondary institutions and private schools are corporations under U.S. law. They are approved to operate
as non-profit, for-profit, or public corporations (1)______ education and training. Increasingly, state authorities
are requiring approved educational providers to apply (2)______ and receive accreditation as a condition of
final and continued approval.
As corporate entities, U.S. institutions are internally self-governing and are (3)______ to make property,
facilities, equipment, and utilities transactions; make their own personnel decisions; decide whom to admit to
study and to graduate; (4)______ their own funds from outside sources; enter into contracts and compete for
grants; and do most of the other things that corporations do. Institutions compete (5)______ one another for
students, research funding, faculty, and other benefits. Public institutions may compete within the same state
or territory for budget appropriations. It is the corporate nature of institutions and the competition within the
system that (6)_____ Americans to refer to the concept of the educational or academic marketplace - an
important distinctive element of the way U.S. education is organized.
Some institutions are governed (7)______ under multi-campus arrangements. These include most local
public schools (governed by school districts) and many state community college and university systems. Whether
single- or multi-campus, institutional corporations (8)______ by boards of citizens, both alumni and non-alumni,
who are ultimately responsible for all operations. They appoint senior (9)______, such as principals,
headmasters, presidents, and deans; and approve the actions taken (10)______ their name.

1: A. provided B. provision C. provide D. providing

2: A. with B. to C. for D. on
3: A. capable B. able C. probable D. possible
4: A. rise B. raise C. call D. lend
5: A. with B. to C. for D. at
6: A. lets B. causes C. prevents D. makes
7: A. collection B. collective C. collect D. collectively
8: A. controlled B. are controlling C. are controlled D. being controlled
9: A. trainees B. judges C. assistants D. leaders
10: A. on B. in C. above D. at