BLOOD COMPONENT

FITRAH NUR RAMADHANI / 1714441002

Abstract: The whole blood which is a mixture of cells, colloids and crystalloids can be
separated into different blood components namely packed red blood cell (PRBC) concentrate,
platelet concentrate, fresh frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate. Each blood component is used for
a different indication; thus the component separation has maximized the utility of one whole
blood unit. Different components need different storage conditions and temperature
requirements for therapeutic efficacy. A variety of equipments to maintain suitable ambient
conditions during storage and transportation are in vogue. The blood components being
proteins, carbohydrates,chloride, and natrium foreign to a patient may produce adverse effects
that may range from mild allergic manifestations to fatal reactions. Such reactions are usually
caused by plasma proteins, leucocytes, red cell antigens, plasma and other pathogens. The
components are prepared by centrifugation of one unit of whole blood. Single component
required can also be collected by apheresis procedure in blood donors. To avoid and reduce
such complications, blood products are modified as leukoreduced products, irradiated products,
volume reduced products, saline washed products and pathogen inactivated products. The
maintenance of blood inventory forms a major concern of blood banking particularly of rare
blood groups routinely and common blood groups during disasters. PRBCs can be stored for
years using cryopreservation techniques. New researches in red cell cultures and blood
substitutes herald new era in blood banking.

Keywords: blood, platelet, plasma, proteins, carbohydrate, chloride, natrium.

INTRODUCTION part of the immune system and function

Blood, by definition, is a fluid
that moves through the vessels of a
circulatory system. In humans,
includes plasma (the liquid portion),
blood cells (which come in both red and
white varieties), and cell fragments
called platelets. Plasma is the main
component of blood and consists mostly
of water, with proteins, ions, nutrients,
and wastes mixed in. Red blood cells are
responsible for carrying oxygen and
carbon dioxide. Platelets are responsible
for blood clotting. White blood cells are
in immune response.
Plasma, the liquid component of
it
blood, can be isolated by spinning a tube
of whole blood at high speeds in a
centrifuge. The denser cells and platelets
move to the bottom of the tube, forming
red and white layers, while the plasma
remains at the top, forming a yellow
layer.
The plasma is about 90% water,
with the remaining 10% made up of
ions, proteins, nutrients, wastes, and
dissolved gases. The ions, proteins, and
other molecules found in plasma are observing the changes that occur. The
important for maintaining blood pH and chloride test was carried out by taking
osmotic balance, with albumin (the main 10 cc of plasma oxalate filtrate and
protein in human plasma) playing a adding 10 drops of silver nitrate, then
particularly important role.Some of the observing the color change. The last
molecules found in the plasma have activity is testing sodium by taking 10
more specialized functions. cc plasma oxalate filtrate into the test
METHOD tube then adding 10 drops of HCl and 10
In this lab experience, there are drops of sodium oxalate, then observing
five activities carried out. the first the color change.
activity is to make plasma oxalate OBSERVATION RESULT
filtrate by mixing 500cc cow blood with No. Tes subtance Changes that
20cc NaCl 0.9 and 1 gram Na Oxalate, occur
the result is then centrifuged to obtain a 1 Protein Pale yellow in
supernatant called plasma oxalate. color, there is
Oxalate plasma is then added with sediment.
distilled water and heated to boiling, 2 Carbohydrate There is brick red
after which acetic acid is added 1 drop sediment.
and left to cool then filtered to take the 3 Chloride There is sediment
filtrate. and cloudy
Protein testing is done by taking solution.
10 cc plasma oxalate filtrate into a test 4 Natrium Yellow sediment
tube, then given one drop of aquadest and rather clear of
and 10 drops of millon solution, then solution.
observed the color change.
Carbohydrate testing is carried out by DISCUSSION
taking 10 cc of oxalate plasma filtrate In the protein test found deposits
into the test tube then adding 10 drops of at the end of the experiment, this shows
benedic solution and heating it, then
that the blood sample used positively would form silver (I) chloride in the
contains protein, the deposits are formed form of white or silver deposits.
from the tyrosine complex that is titrated The sodium test found a change
and produces mercury compounds with in which plasma oxalate which had been
colored hydroxyphenyl groups. cloudy and dark red turned into a yellow
In the carbohydrate test red brick and clear solution, this indicates that the
deposits were found at the end of the blood sample used is positive for
experiment which showed that the blood sodium. This is because the reaction of
samples used positively contained sodium with hydrochloric acid will
carbohydrates, they were formed produce a yellowish sodium chloride
because carbonyl groups were free of salt and a water molecule so that the
carbohydrates bonded to copper metal solution looks clearer.
ions, so that copper metal ions were CONCLUSION
reduced to copper. Based on the activities carried
In the chloride test silver out it can be concluded that in the blood
deposits were found which showed that plasma there are many contents
a positive blood sample contained including protein, carbohydrate,
chloride, this happened because the chloride, and natrium.
reaction of chloride with silver nitrate
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