Apor, Rea Eliza M.
Carandang, Howard Jerome
Carpio, Leanne Alyssa B.
MWF 6-7 pm
Advantages
 It is highly responsive. There is a fast
response from the government
whenever it is needed. It is quick to take
action like building infrastructures in
Unitary Government specific places and sending help to its
people when disasters happen.
 Laws are regularized consistently. The
 It is a system of governing where laws and regulations are followed based
virtually all of the power is located on a person's location. Also, people are
within a centralized government aware of what to do and not to do.
structure. The government itself rules Everyone knows the law and what is
as a single entity. legal and illegal.
 Cost can be limited or expanded. This
form of government can limit its
expenses so that the contribution of the
taxpayers in the form of tax will be
spent without causing shortage in
budget. Cost can also be expanded if
needed especially by its people if there
are natural disasters.
Disadvantages
 It is essentially a oligarchy. An ordinary
person has very little say when it comes
to their society. Even if they try to come
to politicians for suggestions or
concerns, at the end of the day the
politicians are the ones who will make
the decision.
 Most common form of government to
transition into a dictatorship. Because it
gave more power to few people or
individual, they can use it to manipulate
the system and use it for their personal
gain.
 It can become ignorant of the country's
local concerns. This form of government
is all about the larger view or
perspective of the nation. However, a
functional government needs to look at
both micro and macro view to address
all the concerns and to make sure no
one is being neglected.

Federal Government
 The term federal, in federal
government refers to two definitions,
the national level of government and
the federal government itself. It is a
form of government in which power
is divided between a central
government and individual states,
provinces, etc. (local
governments).The division of power
is given to both local and national
level so that any changes or actions
by one level is not valid. Both levels
of government has own officials and
agencies that will implement set of
laws that should obey by the people
in a certain area.
Advantages
 As a Protection against Tyranny, in
federalism the division of power is
important between national and state
government, to spread the national
government's power and avoid the
centralization of government's power to
a one person.
 State governments can be more
responsive to citizen needs, The closer a
government entity is to its citizens, the
more likely it is the respond to the
needs of citizens. States are better by
listening from its citizen's needs, and
respond to them, than the national
government would be.
 Innovation in Law and Policy is
encouraged by permitting different
state governments to set different
policies and the ones found most
effective at solving its problems can
then be implemented in other states, or
on the national level.
Disadvantages
 It allows for Inequalities between
different states. When a particular
economy of a state was flourished, it's
possible that the other states will be left
behind.
 The blockage of nationalist policies by
states. States can fight against the
existence of certain national laws by
challenging them in court, or going out
of their way to not enforce those
national laws, or even deliberately
obstructing enforcement of national
laws.
 The states will compete with each other
in an oppositional way, by reducing the
amount of benefits they give to welfare
recipients compared to, say, a
neighboring state, motivating the
undesirables to go to the neighboring
state, thereby reducing their welfare
costs even more. This reduction of state
benefits to needy has been deemed the
‘race to the bottom’.
 Advantages Disadvantages

 It yields a strong and clear executive,  Tendencies towards

Presidential Government
 The executive power is
constitutionally vested in a single
individual which is the President who
is directly voted upon by the people.
 It brings stability as presidents are
 The president is free to make major
since the president is the head of
state and government he /she is the
Chief of the Armed Forces attend
political functions, exercising political
powers, and legitimizing the state,
leader of the ruling party and is the
chief of the executive branch and
lastly presides over a cabinet.
usually elected to fixed terms since
his/her term is fixed he/she cannot
just step down from his/her position
anytime within his/her term.
policy decision without public
support. Since he/she has the highest
position in the government given by
the people, he/she has independent
power and does not need support
from others.
authoritarianism. Since the power is
completely vested to the president
he/she may abuse his/her authority.
 The President and the Congress could
sometimes not agree and may
represent different standpoints. This
may result in a slow passing of
legislations since the President may
veto the legislation passed by the
Congress.
 It can be more difficult to remove an
unsuitable president from office
because the term is already
concluded. Unlike parliamentary
system where the executive can be
replaced anytime, in presidential
system, the term is fixed for the
president.

Parliamentary Government
 Executive power is vested in the
legislature which chooses a prime
minister or chancellor to head the
executive.
Advantages
 It’s faster and easier to pass
legislation. This is because the
executive branch is part of the
legislature. Since its government is
unified, it can pass laws more
efficiently and no one will oppose or
stop it. The Prime Minister and the
legislative branch can agree more
easily.
 Ensures responsible governance.
Since the parliament is the
representative of the people, and the
people choose who will hold the
position in the cabinet, the
representative could be driven out of
their position in case of
unsatisfactory performance.
Therefore, they don't have a choice
but to ensure that the people are
satisfied and their needs are met.
 Power is more evenly diverged.
Power is more evenly spread out in
the power structure of
parliamentarianism and the Prime
Minister rarely have high importance.
Members of the parliamentary and
the Prime Minister both have the
power to make decisions.
Disadvantages
 Often result in a fragile or even
absent executive because there were
many parties and no majority could
agree. Unlike presidential system
where there is a single person who
has the most power, parliamentary
system may have difficulty in arriving
at a particular decision because there
are many parties who may impose
their opinions.
 There is instability. The prime
minister’s government can fall
anytime. If the Prime Minister is
proven undeserving of position, the
legislative branch can elect another
Prime Minister.
 There is no independent body to
oppose the legislation approved by
parliament. Since this form of
government is a unified body, the
legislation's decisions are one and
decided at the same time by
everybody in the position that is why
there are rarely opposition from
independent parties.