Informatics

Practices
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for CBSE Class XI
(New Curriculum 2019-20)
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100% Course In Just 100 Pages

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J. RYSHITH
Copyright © 2019 J. Ryshith
All rights reserved.

Available online : Amazon.in, Flipkart.com

 CONTENTS
Unit Chapter Pg.No. Marks
Unit 1 Introduction to Computer System
Basic computer organisation: Computer system –
I/O Devices, CPU, memory, hard disk, battery,
power, transition from a calculator to a computer
1-8 5
and further to smart devices. Trouble shooting
with parts of computer and basic operations of
operating system Basic concept of Data
representation: Binary, ASCII, Unicode
Unit 2 Introduction Python Programming: 9-66

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Ch1: Introduction To Python Language 9

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Ch2: Installing The Python Interpreter 12

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Ch3: Python Variables And Data Types 17
Ch4: Python Operators 25
Ch5: Conditional Operations In Python

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Ch6: Iteration/Looping Construct In Python 35
Ch7: Handling Strings In Python 40
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Ch8: Handling Lists In Python 46
Ch9: Handling Tuples In Python 51
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Ch10: Handling Dictionaries In Python 55

ch11: Python Functions and Modules 59
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Unit 3 Data Handling:

Numpy 1D array, 2D array 67-79 10
Arrays: slices, joins, and subsets
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Arithmetic operations on 2D arrays

Unit 4 Data Management:
Relational databases: idea & need of a database
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Relations, keys, primary key, foreign key

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80-94 15
Use SQL commands to create a table, keys, and
foreign keys; insert/delete an entry, delete a table
Basic SQL: select, join, indexes
Unit 5 Society, Law and Ethics
Cyber safety: safely browsing the web, Identity
protection, confidentiality, social networks, cyber
trolls and bullying.
Appropriate usage of social networks: spread of
95-100 10
rumours, and common social networking sites
Safely accessing web sites: adware, malware,
viruses, Trojans. Safely communicating data:
secure connections, eavesdropping, and phishing
and identity verification
Note: 30 Marks for Practical
 UNIT 1
BASIC COMPUTER ORGANISATION

1) What is a Computer?
Ans:

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a) Computer is an electronic device that is programmed to take

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raw data as input from the user and processes it and returns

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the result and also saves output for the future use.

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b) The term computer comes from the Latin word „computare‟,
this means to calculate or programmable machine

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c) Computer is a combination of Hardware and Software
components
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2) What is meant by Computer Hardware?
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a) All the physical components of a computer system are known

as Hardware.
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b) Example: CPU, Keyboard, Monitor, Printer

3) What is meant by Computer Software?

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Ans:
a) The sets of instructions or programs which helps the
functioning of the computer.
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b) Software can be categorized as System Software and

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Application Software
c) Example: MS Windows 10, Adobe Photoshop.

4) What is meant by Basic Computer Organisation?

Ans:
a) Computer organisation is the way the hardware components
operate and are connected together to form the computer
system
b) The basic hardware components that make up the Computer
Organization and their operations are explained below:
i) Input devices : Allows users to supply information to
computers and input/output requests are delegated
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ii) CPU (central processing unit) :Where decisions are made,

computations are performed
iii) Output devices: Allows users to receive information from
computers
iv) Memory : Stores information being processed by the
CPU

5) What is meant by Input Devices?

Ans:

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a) Allows people to supply information to computers and

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input/output requests are delegated

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b) Example: Keyboard, Mouse, Joy stick, Touch Pad etc.
6) What is meant by CPU?
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a) CPU stands for Central Processing Unit
b) It can be called the brain of the computer
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c) It is the control centre of the computer
d) The CPU is also called the microprocessor
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e) The CPU is made up of three main parts with have different

functions:
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i) Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

ii) Control Unit (CU)
iii) Memory Units also called Registers
7) What is meant by Output Devices?
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Ans:
a) Allows people to receive information from computers
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b) Example: Monitor, Printer, Speaker, Projector etc.

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8) What is meant by ALU?

Ans:
a) ALU stands for Arithmetic Logical Unit
b) It performs all the Arithmetic and Logical tasks of the
computer
c) Arithmetic operations are performed using binary number
system
9) What is meant by CU?
Ans:
a) CU controls all operations such as input, processing and
output
b) Control unit decodes and executes instructions

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10) What is meant by Registers?

Ans:
a) It store data temporarily inside the CPU for the purpose of
calculation
b) Registers help the CPU store intermediate data generated
during Fetch, Decode and Execute operations
11) What is meant by Primary Memory?
Ans:
a) Primary memory is the internal memory of the computer.

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b) Primary Memory holds the data and instruction of the task

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that the computers is running currently

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c) It is also known as Main Memory or Volatile Memory.
i) It is known as Main Memory because it is in direct

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contact of CPU
ii) It is known as Volatile Memory because when the power
is switched off it losses all the data
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d) Types of Primary Memory:
Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM)
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12) What is meant by RAM?

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a) RAM stands for Random Access Memory

b) It is part of the Main memory of the computer
c) It is Volatile memory : because when the power is switched
off it losses all the data
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d) It holds the data and instruction of the task that the

computers is running currently
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e) Both read and write operations can be done on RAM

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f) The data is stored randomly and not in a serial manner

g) RAM is of two types:
i) Static RAM (SRAM) : Data stored does not have to be
refreshed once stored
ii) Dynamic RAM (DRAM) :Data stored has to be refreshed
frequently
13) What is meant by ROM?
Ans:
a) It stands for Read Only Memory.
b) Though ROM part of the Main Memory it is Non-Volatile
Memory. It means the content are not lost when power
supply is switched off

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c) Commonly the content stored in ROM is done by the

computer manufacturer at the time of manufacturing
d) Types of ROM:
i) PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory)
ii) EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory)
iii) EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read
Only Memory)
14) What is meant by PROM?
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a) PROM stands for Programmable Read Only Memory

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b) It can be programmed once and read many times

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c) It does not support re-programming
15) What is meant by EPROM?
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a) EPROM stands for Erasable Programmable Read Only
Memory
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b) It can be programmed many times and read many times
c) It support re-programming
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16) What is meant by EEPROM?

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a) EPROM stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read

Only Memory
b) It can be programmed many times using electrical signals
c) It support re-programming
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17) What is meant by Secondary storage Devices?

Ans:
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a) It is the storage devices that is external to the CPU

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b) It is non-volatile in nature: It means the content are not lost

when power supply is switched off
c) It can store large amounts of data for later use
d) Examples for secondary storage device: Hard Disk, DVD,
Pen Drives, Blue Ray Disk etc.
18) What is meant by Hard Disk?
Ans:
a) It is a secondary storage device
b) The Hard Disk is made up of thin metal plates that are coated
with magnetic disks within hard cover.
c) It has a read/write head that reads or writes on the plates
d) the plates are divided into tracks and sectors

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 Informatics Practices - Class XI

e) Since the data is stored magnetically, information recorded to

the hard disk remains intact after you turn your computer off
19) Explain the various type of Software used in computers.
Ans:
a) System Software : The software that guides the internal
operations of the computer and provides a platform for other
software to run
i) Operating System:
 An operating system (OS) is a collection of software

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that manages computer hardware resources and

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provides common services for computer programs.

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 Basic Operations of an Operating System:
(a) The operating system acts as an Interface between

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(b)
User and the computer hardware.
The OS helps the Hardware component
coordinate with each other by using Device
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Drivers
(c) The OS acts as a platform for the Application
Software to run on
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(d) The OS provides a mechanism of managing the

data. Such as creating folders, saving files etc.
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(e) The OS also provides various System

Maintenance tools in order to manage the
performance of the system to the optimum.
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 Examples of OS: Windows 10, Mac, UNIX, Linux

ii) Language Processor: It is a software that converts the
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Programs written in High Level Language (HLL) into

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Machine Language.
There are two types of Language Processors:
 Compiler: A Compiler converts the source code
(HLL) into object code in one go and reports all the
errors along with their line numbers
 Interpreter: An interpreter converts source code into
object code line by line and executes it there and then.
It does not shift to the next line if a line contains
errors.
b) Application Software: Also known as an application or an
App. It is a software designed to help the user to perform
specific tasks. Example: MS-Office, Adobe Photoshop.
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i) Packages :
 General application software are known as Packages.
 Example: Spreadsheets, Presentation Graphics, Word
Processing
ii) Utilities:
 Utility software helps to manage, maintain and
control computer resources.
 Example : Antivirus software, backup software, Text
editors and disk maintenance tools

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iii) Business Software :

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 Software designed to cater to general requirements of

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a business
 Example: Store Management System, Payroll

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Management System.
20) Explain the statement, “Transition from Calculator to
Computer and further to smart devices.”
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Ans:
a) When we look back at the history of computers, we realize
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that all the initial computing devices were basically machines

to do calculations
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b) The word calculate itself comes from the Latin calculus,

which means small stone. Such stones were used to count.
c) Later on the abacus device was used in Babylonia as early as
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2400 BC to calculate.
d) The „Difference Engine‟ and „Analytical Engine‟ that were
developed by Charles Babbage also were a giant leap ahead in
a

the attempt of creating a calculating device.

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e) But the modern computer is not just a Calculator, but it

influences almost every sphere of human life and is entering
into the world of Artificial Intelligence by creating Smart
Devices.
21) What is meant by Smart Device?
Ans:
a) A smart device is the term used to denote an electronic
device, that is connected to other devices or networks using
wireless connectivity such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or 4G.
b) Examples of Smart Devices:
i) Mobile Smart Phones
ii) Smart Watches
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 Informatics Practices - Class XI

iii) Smart wrist Bands

iv) Smart Air Conditioners
v) Smart Speakers
22) List the features of Smart Devices computing systems.
Ans:
a) Portability :The device can be physically moved from
one place to another and still continue to work
b) Connectivity: Usually connected through wireless Radio

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Wave signals (unguided medium of connection)
c) Size :The size of the device is small to enable

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portability
d) Memory :The memory of the device is much less as
compared to traditional computing systems
e) Power
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requires regular recharging
f) Functions :Usually provides: Calling, camera, touch
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screen, audio/video, gaming, running of apps.
g) System on a Chip(SoC):All the processing components are
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built on a single Microchip

23) What is meant by the term Troubleshooting a computer?
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Ans: Incase the computer does not work normally, then the process
of identifying the problem and attempting to fix the problem is called
Troubleshooting a computer.
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24) Explain the various methods of Troubleshooting a of

computers.
Ans: Troubleshooting involves two basic steps. First identifying the
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problem, and second to attempt to resolve it. The following

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methods can be used to Troubleshoot computers:

a) Try to access if the problem is caused because a hardware
issue or a software issue.
b) Install any Operating System updates if required : This could
solve hardware device issues if any
c) Open the Task Manager to monitor the currently running
applications:
i) Task Manager can be opened by using
CTRL+SHIFT+ESC
ii) Any Application can be force closed from the Task
Manager

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d) Keep the computer in a place where it gets enough

ventilation so that it does not get over-heated
e) Run Antivirus scans to resolve any computer virus issues
f) Reinstall the Operating System can resolve the problems
sometimes
25) What is meant by Data Representation in computers?
Ans:

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a) Data Representation means the method used to store data,
process data and then transfer data in the computer.

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b) We know that a computer is an electronic device and it
cannot understand any other language other than electronic
signals

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c) Thus the process of converting data, such as text, numbers,
photo, or music, into electronic data that can be manipulated
by the computer is known as Data Representation
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26) Explain the various forms of data representation
techniques.
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Ans:
a) Binary :
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i) 0 and 1 is used in the binary system to represent data

ii) Computers represent numeric data using the binary
number system, that has a base of 2.
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b) ASCII:
i) It stands for American Standard Code for Information
Interchange
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ii) Computers represent character data using the ASCII

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iii) ASCII uses 8 bits to represents character data

iv) Thus, ASCII provides codes for 256 characters
c) UNICODE:
i) UNICODE is similar to ASCII but uses 16 bits to
represent character data which supports codes for 65000
characters
ii) UNICODE is helpful in order to incorporate codes for
the Asian languages characters too

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To read the rest of

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the content

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order online
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Available online :
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Flipkart.com
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Title:
a

Informatics Practices
Am Av

for CBSE Class XI

(New Curriculum 2019-20)

100% Course In Just 100 Pages

Am Av
a
az ila
on ble
.in o
, F nli
lip ne
ka on
rt. :
co
m