Petronas Technical Standards

PETRONAS TECHNICAL STANDARDS
Cathodic Protection for New Fixed

Offshore Steel Structures
(Amendments/Supplements to DNV-RP-B401)
PTS 15.20.11
December 2015
© 2015 PETROLIAM NASIONAL BERHAD (PETRONAS)

All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form
or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the permission of the copyright
owner. PETRONAS Technical Standards are Company’s internal standards and meant for authorized users only.
PTS 15.20.11
CATHODIC PROTECTION FOR NEW FIXED
OFFSHORE STEEL STRUCTURES December 2015
(AMENDMENTS/SUPPLEMENTS TO DNV-RP-B401)
Page 2 of 26
FOREWORD
PETRONAS Technical Standards (PTS) has been developed based on the accumulated knowledge,
experience and best practices of the PETRONAS group supplementing National and International
standards where appropriate. The key objective of PTS is to ensure standard technical practice across
the PETRONAS group.
Compliance to PTS is compulsory for PETRONAS-operated facilities and Joint Ventures (JVs) where
PETRONAS has more than fifty percent (50%) shareholding and/or operational control, and includes all
phases of work activities.
Contractors/manufacturers/suppliers who use PTS are solely responsible in ensuring the quality of work,
goods and services meet the required design and engineering standards. In the case where specific
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requirements are not covered in the PTS, it is the responsibility of the
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Contractors/manufacturers/suppliers to propose other proven or internationally established standards
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or practices of the same level of quality and integrity as reflected in the PTS.
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In issuing and making the PTS available, PETRONAS is not making any warranty on the accuracy or
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completeness of the information contained in PTS. The Contractors/manufacturers/suppliers shall
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ensure accuracy and completeness of the PTS used for the intended design and engineering requirement
and shall inform the Owner for any conflicting requirement with other international codes and technical
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standards before start of any work.

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PETRONAS is the sole copyright holder of PTS. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a
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retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, recording or
otherwise) or be disclosed by users to any company or person whomsoever, without the prior written
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consent of PETRONAS.
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The PTS shall be used exclusively for the authorised purpose. The users shall arrange for PTS to be kept
in safe custody and shall ensure its secrecy is maintained and provide satisfactory information to
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PETRONAS that this requirement is met.

PTS 15.20.11
Page 3 of 26
ANNOUNCEMENT
Please be informed that the entire PTS inventory is currently undergoing transformation exercise from
2013 - 2015 which includes revision to numbering system, format and content. As part of this change,
the PTS numbering system has been revised to 6-digit numbers and drawings, forms and requisition to
7-digit numbers. All newly revised PTS will adopt this new numbering system, and where required make
reference to other PTS in its revised numbering to ensure consistency. Users are requested to refer to
PTS 00.01.01 (Index to PTS) for mapping between old and revised PTS numbers for clarity. For further
inquiries, contact PTS administrator at ptshelpdesk@petronas.com.my
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PTS 15.20.11
Page 4 of 26
Table of Contents
1.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 5
1.1 SCOPE ................................................................................................................................ 5
1.2 GLOSSARY OF TERM .......................................................................................................... 5
1.3 SUMMARY OF CHANGES ................................................................................................... 6
2.0 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY ................................................................................................ 7
3.0 AMENDMENTS/ SUPPLEMENTS TO DNV-RP-B401 ..................................................... 8
4.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................................................................... 23
APPENDIX 1: ELECTROCHEMICAL TEST PROCEDURES FOR SACRIFICIAL ANODES ................. 24
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PTS 15.20.11
Page 5 of 26
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This PTS provides the minimum technical requirements and recommendations for the materials,
number, mass, dimensions, type, distribution, manufacturing and installation of sacrificial
anodes for the cathodic protection (CP) of new fixed offshore steel structures. This PTS may also
be used for retrofitting of existing CP system.
This PTS adopts DNV Recommended Practice RP B401 and amended based on PETRONAS lesson
learnt and best practices.
1.1 SCOPE
This PTS addresses the use of indium-activated aluminium sacrificial anode CP system for
protection of new fixed offshore steel structures in tropical waters. Impressed current CP system
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is not covered in this PTS.
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The application of this PTS is limited to seawater with the following conditions;
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Parameters
Min Max
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Temperature (°C) 4 30
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Salinity (%) 3.3 3.8

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1.2 GLOSSARY OF TERM

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General Definition of Terms & Abbreviations

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Refer to PTS Requirements, General Definition of Terms, Abbreviations & Reading Guide PTS
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00.01.03 for General Definition of Terms & Abbreviations.

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1.2.1 Specific Definition of Terms

None
1.2.2 Specific Abbreviations
No Term Definition
1 Ag /AgCl Silver/Silver Chloride
2 CP Cathodic Protection
3 CS Carbon Steel
4 FDPT First Day Production Test
5 ICCP Impressed Current Cathodic Protection

PTS 15.20.11
Page 6 of 26
No Term Definition
6 LAT Lowest Ambient Temperature
7 OD Outer Diameter
8 PQT Procedure Qualification Test
9 RT Radiography Testing
10 SACP Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection
11 SCE Saturated Calomel Electrode
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12 WPS Welding Procedure Specification
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1.3 SUMMARY OF CHANGES
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This PTS 15.20.11 replaces PTS 37.19.30.30 (July, 2012).

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PTS 15.20.11
Page 7 of 26
2.0 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
The CP system shall ensure that the electrochemical potential of subsea steel surfaces are
maintained within a range of -0.800 to -1.000 volts versus Ag/AgCl/seawater which will prevent
corrosion and material damage. The CP current shall be supplied from a distributed sacrificial
anode system.
The CP system shall be designed for the full design life of the structure as a minimum. Prolonged
field life may require extended structure life and should be given due consideration in CP design.
ICCP systems shall not be used for new fixed offshore steel structures. However, ICCP system
may be considered if the following conditions are met;
i. An offshore structure is required to operate beyond its original design life, and
ii. The sacrificial anodes are depleted.
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In most cases, subsea corrosion of offshore structures is controlled solely by SACP. However, the
use of SACP alone may not be effective when very high current demand or anode weights is
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required due to extreme seawater condition. Other corrosion protection methods e.g. protective
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coating should be considered to supplement the SACP system when such condition exist.
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PTS 15.20.11
Page 8 of 26
3.0 AMENDMENTS/ SUPPLEMENTS TO DNV-RP-B401
This section provides amendment and/or supplement to DNV-RP-B401 where existing clauses is
amended, deleted or new sections are added as mentioned. Clauses of DNV-RP-B401 that are not
mentioned in this PTS shall apply and remain valid as written.
All figures and table shown in this PTS are specifically for this PTS and not in sequence with DNV-
RP-B401-Recommended Practice -Cathodic Protection Design
1. General
1.2 Scope
Delete this section and refer to Section 1.1 of this PTS.
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3.0 Terminology and Definitions
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3.1 Terminology
Delete this section and refer to Section 1.2 of this PTS.
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5. General CP Design Considerations (Informative)

Except for the following requirements which shall form part of this PTS, the contents of
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this section shall be considered as informative in nature.

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5.5 Detrimental effects of CP

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Add the following to this section:

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As per PTS 15.10.11, the minimum yield stress for low-alloy steel for fixed offshore
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substructures platforms shall be within 250 to 460 MPa. Manufacturer/Supplier shall

prove compatibility of the aluminium-based sacrificial anodes CP system with quenched
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and tempered low-alloy steels, cold worked austenitic steels, and precipitation hardened
ferrous and non-ferrous alloys that are not intended for welding.
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5.6 Galvanic Anode Materials
Add the following to this section:
Indium-activated aluminium alloy shall be used for the anode material. Unless otherwise
agreed by the Owner, the use of other aluminium activators shall not be permitted. The
use of tin-activated aluminium alloys shall be prohibited.
Under circumstances that the indium-activated aluminium alloys are proven to be

ineffective in providing protection, the use of mercury-activated or cadmium-activated
aluminium alloys may be considered subject to the limitation imposed by statutory
regulations.
The requirements in Section 8 of this PTS regarding galvanic anodes shall be met.
PTS 15.20.11
Page 9 of 26
The core shall be made of CS and shall comply with secondary steel structure
requirements of PTS 15.10.11. Core diameter and wall thickness shall be subjected to
Owner’s approval. Method of attachment of anode core shall be indicated in applicable
drawings. Welding of anode core shall conform to the WPS of the associated structure.
5.7 Anode Geometry and Fastening Devices

Only "slender stand-off" type (Figure 1) anodes shall be used. Minimum stand-off shall
be 150 mm i.e. the closest distance between the attached steel member and the
aluminium alloy. The shape of anodes shall be limited to either cylindrical or trapezoidal.
The anode core shall exit at the anode ends.
Aluminium Anode
Anode Core
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Protected Structure
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Figure 1: Slender Stand-off anode design

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6. CP DESIGN PARAMETERS
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6.1 General
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Delete this section and replace with the following:

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This section provides the parameters to be applied for the design of SACP systems.
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The design parameters as specified in this PTS shall be used by Contractor to design a CP
system except for the design life as in Section 6.2.
6.2 Design Life

6.2.1 Delete this section and replace with the following:
The CP system shall be designed to provide adequate protection throughout the design
life of the protected structure without requiring any planned retrofitting. The minimum
design life shall follow asset design life or as agreed by Owner.
6.3 Design Current Densities

PTS 15.20.11
Page 10 of 26
The available current density to the structural steel surfaces shall meet the following
requirement;
i) Shall achieve the required potential range and maintain a calcareous deposit
ii) Shall be sufficient at any time throughout the design life of the protected
structure
Figure 6-2 shall be used to determine the required polarisation (initial) current density
and minimum maintenance (average) current density for submerged surfaces.
Maintenance current densities may be determined locally and shall be supported by well
documented monitoring information of CP current densities.
The maximum required polarisation current density curve is considered conservative

and is not expected to be exceeded. Refer to Figure 3.
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The calculation provided in Table 1 shall be used to determine the current densities
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required (a) initially, (b) averaged over the structure's lifetime, and (c) at the end of the
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structure's life for structures in Area 1 and Area 2 as in Section 7.2.3.
For buried structures i.e. Area 3, see Section 6.3.8.
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Current Density Requirements 1,2

Area Average lifetime
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Initial Final
(maintenance) 3
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((1-S% /100) ic (average) +

Area 1 ic (initial) x fc ic (initial) x fc
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(S%/100) ic (initial)) fc
Area 2 ic (initial) x fc ic (average) x fc ic (average) x fc
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Area 3 25 mA/m2
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Table 1: Required Current Density in Areas

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Note: Densities ic(initial) and ic(average) vary with temperature. See Figure 3,
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2
Coating breakdown factor, fc varies with respective areas and design life as in Section 6.4.4,
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Storm frequency, S% is percentage of the year during which the wind force exceeds 9 on the
Beaufort scale with a default value of 25%
6.3.7 Delete this section
A design current density (initial/final and average) of 0.025 A/m2 shall be used for bare
steel surfaces buried in sediments (Area 3) irrespective of geographical location and
water depth

PTS 15.20.11
Page 11 of 26
6.4 Coating Breakdown Factors for CP Design
6.4.6 Add the following to this section:
Coating shall be in accordance with PTS 15.20.03. Coating Category I of DNV RP B 401
shall not be applicable.
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Current requirements calculations shall include all structure node welds surface areas
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and up to 250 mm on each side of the welds. These areas shall be assumed to be
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uncoated. lU
The average and final coating breakdown factors shall be determined for each area using
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the constant a and b as per Table 3 below.

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The typical area classification are as Table 2 and Figure 2 of this PTS.
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Area Descriptions
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Starts from mean sea level (MSL) to a depth of either

1 20 m or the trough depth of a 100 year extreme wave
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whichever is the larger.

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2 Below area 1 and above sea bottom

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1
3 Below the sea bottom mudline
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Table 2: Areas Classification

Note: 1 In Area 3, an allowance of 3 amp per well shall be provided instead of calculating
the surface area for well casing strings extending beyond the end of the
conductor. This allowance shall be provided in addition to the surface area
contributions from other components - e.g. conductors and piles.
The external surface area of the buried part of piles and conductors shall be
included in the calculation only up to a depth of 30 m into the sea bed.
Constant
Area
a b
Area 1 0.05 0.025
Area 2 0.05 0.015
Table 3: Constants for Coating Breakdown Factor Calculations

PTS 15.20.11
Page 12 of 26
Area 1
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Area 2
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Area 3
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Figure 2: Area Classification
6.5 Galvanic Anode Material Design Parameters

6.5.1 Delete the first sentence of this section
PTS 15.20.11
Page 13 of 26
Only indium-activated aluminium alloy having a capacity greater than 3.6 kg/A.yr
(efficiency = 2420 Ah/kg) shall be used for the sacrificial anode.
The potential of the anode material shall be in the range of -1.05 to -1.15 volts versus
Ag/AgCl/seawater.
The anode design shall ensure sufficient number of anodes, capacity and potential in
order to meet both the polarisation (initial) and maintenance (average) current
requirements for the steel structure over the design temperature range.
The indium-activated aluminium anode shall meet the alloying and impurity chemical
compositional limits as specified in Table 4 below
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High performance Indium
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Element Indium activated alloy
activated alloy
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Cu 0.01% max. lU 0.003% max.
Si 0.10% max. 0.12% max.
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Fe 0.13% max. 0.09% max.

Zn 0.5% to 5.0% 2.5% to 5.75% max
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In 0.005% to 0.05% 0.016% to 0.040%

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Cd - 0.002% max.
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Others - 0.02% max.

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Al Remainder Remainder
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Table 4: Composition of Aluminium Anode Alloy

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A closed circuit anode potential (Eoa) of -1.05 volts Ag/AgCl/seawater shall be used in the
design calculations to determine the anode current output as in Section 7.8.2.
6.6 Anode Resistance Formulas

Anode resistance shall be calculated using the "Modified Dwight formula" as follows:
𝜌 4𝐿
𝑅𝑎 = (ln ( ) − 1)
2𝜋𝐿 𝑟
Where : Ra = anode resistance (ohm)

 = seawater resistivity (ohm.cm) as per (Figure 6-2)
L = anode length (cm)
r = effective anode radius (cm)
PTS 15.20.11
Page 14 of 26
A correction factor of 1.3 shall be applied for anode-to-object distances that is less than
300 mm but not lesser than 150 mm.
The initial effective anode radius for trapezoidal anode shall be as follows:
𝐶
𝑟=
2𝜋
where: r = effective anode radius (cm)

C = length (cm)
The final effective anode radius (i.e. 10% anode mass remaining) shall be calculated as
follows:
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𝐺
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𝑟 = √𝐹𝑖 (𝑟𝑐2 + ( ))
𝜋𝐿𝑑
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where: rc = outside radius of anode core (cm)
G = remaining anode mass (kg)
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d = density of anode material (kg/cm3)

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6.7 Seawater and Sediment Resistivity

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Seawater data shall be characterized by the average local annual conditions of the
structure versus depth. The depth interval shall be split up into a separate area that cover
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a range of not more than 5°C interval for each area. This shall be performed for all
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structures exposed to seawater of which the temperature varies more than 5°C for a
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depth interval. For each area created, the depth-averaged temperature shall be used.
Seawater resistivity () shall be determined from local seawater resistivity
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measurements or from Figure 3 corrected to average annual seawater temperature

conditions.
PTS 15.20.11
Page 15 of 26
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Figure 3: Polarisation (Initial) and Maintenance (Average) Current Density and

Seawater Resistivity as a Function of Seawater Temperatures
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Source: NI 423 -Corrosion Protection of Steel Offshore Units and Installations

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* NOTE: The lower Polarisation Current Density curve is the minimum requirement. The upper curve
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is meant for sensitivity analysis. For Driving Voltages other than 0.25 Volts, multiply the
polarisation current density values by 0.25/Driving Volts, where Driving Volts = -0.80 -
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(Anode Operating Potential)

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6.8 Anode Utilization Factor

For the long slender stand-off type, an anode utilisation factor of 0.90 shall be used.
6.9 Current Drain Design Parameters

A current density (initial/final and average) of 0.025 A/m2 shall be used for parts of steel
skirts and piles to be buried in sediments. An internal surface area of equivalent to 10 x
 x pipe OD shall be accounted for to calculate current drain to open skirts piles, sump
and caissons.
PTS 15.20.11
Page 16 of 26
6.9.5 Add new section:
The design current density for components freely exposed to seawater shall be
determined from Figure 3.
7. CP CALCULATION AND DESIGN PROCEDURES
7.1 General
Add new section:
7.1.5 The aim of the design calculations shall be to calculate by iteration the anode dimensions
and number of anodes which
a) fulfill the initial current, final current, current capacity, and current distribution
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requirements of the structure, and
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b) provide the lowest installed cost for the CP system, including cost of installation,
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anode materials, moulds and coating systems (if used)
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7.2 Subdivision of CP Object
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Add new section:
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7.2.3 The submerged structure should be divided into "Areas” to be protected to assure the
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use of the anode material is adequate and efficient. The typical areas classification are
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as follow Table 2 in section 6.4.6

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7.3 Surface Area Calculations

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Add new section:

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7.3.5 An internal surface area of equivalent to 10 x  x pipe OD shall be accounted for to

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calculate current drain to open skirts piles, sump and caissons.

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The surface area calculations shall include the internal surfaces of all flooded structural
members with unsealed flooding holes.
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7.4 Current Demand Calculations

7.4.1 Delete the last sentence and replace with the following:
ic is to be selected from Section 6.3.6 and Figure 3.

fc refers to Section 6.4.6 of this PTS.
7.6 Selection of Anode Type

Delete this section.
PTS 15.20.11
Page 17 of 26
7.7 Anode Mass Calculations

7.7.1 Delete the last sentence and replace with the following:
In (2) 8760 refers to hours per year. The following factors for u and  shall be used:
Factor Value
Anode Capacity, u 2420 Ah/kg or 3.6 kg/A.yr.
Anode Utilisation Factor,  0.9 (for stand-off anodes)
Table 5: Factors for Anode Mass Calculations
7.8 Calculation of Number of Anodes
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The following factors for Eco and Eao shall be used:
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Design protective potential (Eco) -0.800 Volts Ag/AgCl/seawater
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Design closed circuit potential (Eao) -1.050 Volts Ag/AgCl/seawater

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Table 6: Factors for Number of Anode Calculations

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The number of anodes shall be calculated for initial and final currents and the current
capacity of the structure, by area are as follows:
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Number of Anodes Value

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For Initial current needs (n) Ici / Iai

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For final current needs (n) Icf / Iaf

M / m [m = Mass of Anode Material
For current capacity (n)
per Anode]
Table 7: Number of Anode Calculations
The number of anodes provided within each area shall meet the following:
1) Shall be greater than the required numbers as calculated by area,

2) Shall be greater than the minimum number of anodes required to assure adequate
current capacity and proper current distribution.
The number of anodes required shall be the total of those required for the three areas.
PTS 15.20.11
Page 18 of 26
7.9 Calculation of Anode Resistance

The anode resistance, Ra (ohm), to be used in (3) shall be in accordance with Section 6.6,
using the actual anode dimensions and specific resistivity of the surrounding
environment. Specific resistivities of the surrounding environment shall be selected
according to Section 6.7.
To calculate the initial anode resistance, Rai (ohm), the initial anode dimensions are
inserted in the formula in Section 6.6. The final anode resistance, Raf (ohm), is calculated
based on the expected dimensions when the anode has been consumed to its utilisation
factor, u, see Section 6.8 as explained below.
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7.9.4 Delete the first sentence and replace with the following:
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A length reduction of 10% shall be assumed.
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7.10 Anode Design

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7.10.3 Delete the first sentence and replace with the following:
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For use of the anode resistance formula in Section 6.6, the minimum distance from
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anode to protection object shall be minimum 300 mm.

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The following shall be taken into consideration in designing the anode mounting:
i. Hydrodynamic forces on the anodes,

ii. Strength of the structural member
iii. Long term fatigue effect from the environmental loading.
iv. Launching process of a launch-installed jacket (clear launch path, hydrodynamic
forces on the anodes during launching).
v. Pile and conductor driving forces on the welded anode connections (punch -
through)
vi. Possible obstruction during the installation of risers and riser clamps.
vii. Doubler plates for welded anode supports shall be considered for items subject
to high external loads.
PTS 15.20.11
Page 19 of 26
Painting shall not be applied to anode material.
The locations where anode shall be mounted shall be shown only once in the plan or
elevation drawings.
The following requirements for anode mounting shall be complied with;
a) Bottom mounted (6 o’clock) anode are preferred for anodes on horizontal

members, except anodes on the bottom horizontal member which shall be top-
mounted (12 o’clock).
b) Anodes for legs shall be rotated 45 to 90 degrees inboard.
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c) Other anodes within elevations are preferably bottom-mounted and shall be
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planar oriented
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d) Obstruction to launch way, conductor, pile, or riser guide paths shall be avoided.
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Anodes shall be re-oriented or locally relocated as needed.
e) A minimum of 150 mm clearance between anode material and all member
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surfaces shall be provided.
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f) A minimum of 150 mm clearance between anode stand-off welds and any other
welds shall be provided.
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g) A minimum of 1.5 m clearance between anodes and nodes shall be provided.

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h) Mounting of anodes shall be at least 1 m below the LAT level.

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i) To obtain both structural integrity and electrical continuity, direct welding of

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anode mounting devices to individual members of the protected structures is

preferred.
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Welders, Welder Operators and WPS for stand-off attachment shall be qualified.
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7.11 Distribution of Anodes

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The drawings shall distinctly mark the placement of anodes with different type or weight.
The priority for anode placement should be based on the following:
1) Anodes should normally be distributed beginning with placement on larger

members (e.g. legs) near nodes and continue to minor members.
2) Future added components e.g. new conductors and risers shall be considered.
3) Higher anode concentration shall be required at locations where attenuation
effects will reduce good current distribution - (e.g. conductor clusters, complex
pile guides).
PTS 15.20.11
Page 20 of 26
7.11.3 Add the following to this section
Anodes shall be placed within 15 m of adjacent anodes and within 10 m of surfaces to

be protected.
Anodes that are designed to protect the buried surface area shall all be placed on the
bottom elevation of the structure.
7.12 Provisions for Electrical Continuity

Unless insulated by centralised, non-conductive material, piles shall be assumed to be in

metallic contact with their guide sleeves.
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Welding lugs and a connecting cable shall be provided to ensure metallic contact or
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electrical continuity between the conductor pipes and other object that are cathodically
protected by the anodes. Each connection shall not have voltage drop exceeding 10% of
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the design driving voltage, i.e. 0.025 V.
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Welders, Welder Operators and WPS for stand-off attachment shall be qualified.
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7.13 Documentation
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7.13.4 The CP detailed design report as required in 7.13.1 shall be submitted to Owner for
approval.
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8 ANODE MANUFACTURE
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8.1 General
8.1.1 Delete NACE RP0387 and replace with NACE SP0387
8.2 Manufacturing Procedure Specification

8.2.1 Delete the first paragraph and replace with the following:
A ‘Manufacturing Procedure Specification’ (MPS) shall be prepared which shall include

as a minimum:
8.3 Pre-Production Qualification Testing (PQT)

PTS 15.20.11
Page 21 of 26
Anode shall be manufactured according to a qualified MPS. Anodes shall be pre-qualified

by the Manufacturer and passed the electrochemical tests in accordance with Appendix
3 of this PTS before they can be approved for production.
Anode manufacturers shall submit the following data to the Owner for approval as part
of the pre-qualification requirements:
 Anode/core preparations,
 Casting precaution measures,
 Chemical composition ranges,
 Potential and capacity limits,
 Surface defects (visual inspection),
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 Anode to core bonding (destructive test)
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 Weight and dimensional tolerances
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 Certification/documentation format.
8.4 Quality Control of Production

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8.4.1 Delete the first paragraph and replace with the following:
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Contractor shall submit the following documents to Owner for acceptance prior to
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start-up of regular production;

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8.5 Materials, Fabrication of Anode Inserts and Casting of Anodes

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8.5.6 Delete ‘(if applicable)’

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All anodes produced shall be traceable to the material certificates for anode core
materials. Material certificates shall be to ISO 10474 Type 3.1. Owner may require Type
3.2.
8.6 Inspection and Testing of Anodes


PTS 15.20.11
Page 22 of 26
As a minimum, electrochemical testing shall be performed as a part of a PQT or FDPT

and for each 15,000 kg of production. The Owner may specify extended testing and/or
3rd party testing.
8.7 Documentation and Marking

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PTS 15.20.11
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4.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY
In this PTS, reference is made to the following Standards/Publications. Unless specifically

designated by date, the latest edition of each publication shall be used, together with any
supplements/revisions thereto:
PETRONAS TECHNICAL STANDARDS
Index to PTS PTS 00.01.01
Requirements, General Definition of Terms, Abbreviations & PTS 00.01.03

Reading Guide
Protective Coatings and Linings PTS 15.20.03
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nl
Offshore Structural Steels PTS 15.10.11
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se
AMERICAN STANDARDS lU
Substitute Ocean Water ASTM D 1141
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Planning, Designing and Constructing Fixed Offshore API RP2A-LRFD

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Platforms - Load and Resistance Factor Design

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Recommended Practice for Planning, Design and Constructing Fixed API RP2A-WSD
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Offshore Platforms - Working Stress Design

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NACE STANDARDS
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TR
Metallurgical and Inspection Requirements for Cast NACE SP0387 - 2014

Galvanic Anodes for Offshore Applications
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Standard Test Method - Impressed Current Test Method for NACE TM0190-2006
Laboratory Testing of Aluminum Anodes
OTHER INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
Recommended Practice - Cathodic Protection Design DNV RP B401 (2010)
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Cathodic ISO 15589-2

protection of pipeline transportation systems —
Part 2: Offshore pipelines6-2
Corrosion Protection of Steel Offshore Units BV NI 423 DT R01 E

and Installations (2006)
PTS 15.20.11
Page 24 of 26
APPENDIX 1: ELECTROCHEMICAL TEST PROCEDURES FOR SACRIFICIAL ANODES
A1. INTRODUCTION
The requirements for PQT of anodes are provided in this appendix which shall be performed
before any anodes can be approved for application. Quality control during production of
sacrificial anodes are provided in Annex B of the DNV RP B401.
The objective of the PQT is to ascertain the compliance of the anode material's electrochemical
capacity and closed circuit potential with the design data submitted by the Manufacturer.
The PQT shall be carried out by an independent test laboratory approved by Owner. Each test
shall be carried out on two samples from different heat. The final product inspection of the
samples shall be witnessed by Owner or appointed representative. Results of both samples shall
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be acceptable for the material to be qualified.
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The test samples shall be sectioned and examined for internal defects in accordance with ISO
15589-2 Owner may require RT to verify internal anode soundness and positioning of the anode
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core. lU
A written test procedure shall be produced and approved by Owner. The procedure shall
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described the specific test set-up, method of making the required measurements, and sample
cleaning methods.
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A2. ANODE DESIGN DATA

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The anode manufacturer shall submit the following data:

 the name of the manufacturer, the type and/or trade name of the anode material;
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 the specification of the anode material;

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 the anode material’s nominal chemical composition ranges;

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 a full chemical analysis of the test samples;

 the manufacturing date and heat number of the test samples;
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 the anode material’s nominal free corroding potential in mV versus SCE or Ag/AgCl;
 the anode material’s maximum and minimum design current density in mA/cm2;
 the anode material’s nominal design current capacity in Ah/kg.
A3. TEST ENVIRONMENT
The tests shall be performed using artificial seawater in accordance with ASTM D 1141.
Sufficient volume of seawater shall be made available to avoid contamination with corrosion
products produced during the test and to avoid changes in concentration due to evaporation.
PTS 15.20.11
Page 25 of 26
A4. TEST TEMPERATURE
The test temperature shall be determined as follows;
Type of Seawater Test Temperature

Cold (Minimum
5°C
temperature of ≤ 5°C)
Other seawater conditions 20°C
Table A1: Seawater Test Temperature
The test solution temperature shall be thermostatically controlled.
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A5. SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION
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A unique identification shall be provided for each sample with code e.g. by engraving on each
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sample. lU
A6. CLOSED CIRCUIT POTENTIAL TESTS
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The closed circuit potential tests shall be performed in accordance with ISO 15589-2 Annex E or
NACE TM0190.
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The closed circuit potential criteria in accordance with Table 8 of ISO 15589-2 shall be met.
AS
Where testing is performed following the methods specified in NACE TM0190, the “2nd through
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last” criteria set forth in table A2 shall be met. The remaining criteria shall apply for tests at 5°C.
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TR
Period (Days) Potential Criteria

2nd through last Mean value of readings equal to or more negative
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than –1070 mV(1)

3rd through last Daily average equal to or more negative than –1030
mV(1)
10th through last Positive shift less than 5 mV/day.
Average potential ≤ 15 mV more positive than average
potential
value of 6th thru 11th days
Table A2: Acceptance Criteria for Al-Zn-In Anodes for Deep water Applications
Note 1 Potential measured vs. SCE maintained at 24°C ± 3°C

PTS 15.20.11
Page 26 of 26
A6.1 CURRENT CAPACITIY TEST
The current capacity tests shall be performed in accordance with ISO 15589-2 Annex E or NACE
TM0190. The acceptance criteria shall be as follows;
 For electrochemical testing in accordance with ISO 15589-2, Annex E, the current capacity
shall be greater than the criteria set forth in Table 8 of ISO 15589-2.
 For electrochemical testing in accordance with NACE TM0190, the criteria in Table A3 shall
apply.
Type Current Capacity

Al-Zn-In ≥ 2425 A⋅hr/kg (1100 A⋅hr/lb)
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Zn ≥ 760 A⋅hr/kg (345 A⋅hr/lb)
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Table A3: Acceptance Criteria for electrochemical testing in accordance with NACE TM0190
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A7. TEST REPORT
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Test report shall be produced in two (2) copies which shall contain the following information as
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a minimum:
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 all design data as per Section A2 of this Appendix;

 the test procedures;
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 the date and address of sample manufacturing;

 a description of sample preparation;
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 the name and address of the test facilities;

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 the name of the person responsible for the testing;

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 the name of the Owner's representative who witnessed the test;

 a description and (if applicable) brand names and types of the test apparatus and
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equipment used;
 all measured and calculated current density, potential and weight values;
 copies of relevant recorder charts or graphs (if applicable);
 the current density vs. potential graphs, the current density vs. time graphs and the
potential vs. time graphs as described in the test procedures;
 any other observations to support the conclusion;
 Conclusion from the test results in relation with the acceptance criteria as described
above.
The test report shall be signed by person responsible for the testing and, if applicable, by the
Owner or appointed representative(s) who witnessed the test.

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PETRONAS TECHNICAL STANDARDS

Cathodic Protection for New Fixed

© 2015 PETROLIAM NASIONAL BERHAD (PETRONAS)

standards before start of any work.

PETRONAS that this requirement is met.

Salinity (%) 3.3 3.8

1.2 GLOSSARY OF TERM

General Definition of Terms & Abbreviations

00.01.03 for General Definition of Terms & Abbreviations.

1.2.1 Specific Definition of Terms

1.2.2 Specific Abbreviations

1 Ag /AgCl Silver/Silver Chloride

4 FDPT First Day Production Test

5 ICCP Impressed Current Cathodic Protection

6 LAT Lowest Ambient Temperature

8 PQT Procedure Qualification Test

10 SACP Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection

11 SCE Saturated Calomel Electrode

This PTS 15.20.11 replaces PTS 37.19.30.30 (July, 2012).

2.0 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY

3.0 AMENDMENTS/ SUPPLEMENTS TO DNV-RP-B401

5. General CP Design Considerations (Informative)

this section shall be considered as informative in nature.

5.5 Detrimental effects of CP

Add the following to this section:

substructures platforms shall be within 250 to 460 MPa. Manufacturer/Supplier shall

5.6 Galvanic Anode Materials

Add the following to this section:

Under circumstances that the indium-activated aluminium alloys are proven to be

5.7 Anode Geometry and Fastening Devices

Figure 1: Slender Stand-off anode design

Delete this section and replace with the following:

6.2 Design Life

6.3 Design Current Densities

6.3.6 Delete this section and replace with the following:

The maximum required polarisation current density curve is considered conservative

Current Density Requirements 1,2

((1-S% /100) ic (average) +

Table 1: Required Current Density in Areas

6.3.7 Delete this section

6.3.8 Delete this section and replace with the following:

6.3.9 Delete this section

6.3.10 Delete this section

6.3.11 Delete this section

6.3.12 Delete this section

6.3.13 Delete this section

6.4 Coating Breakdown Factors for CP Design

6.4.6 Add the following to this section:

the constant a and b as per Table 3 below.

Starts from mean sea level (MSL) to a depth of either

whichever is the larger.

2 Below area 1 and above sea bottom

Table 2: Areas Classification

Table 3: Constants for Coating Breakdown Factor Calculations

Figure 2: Area Classification

6.4.8 Delete this section

6.5 Galvanic Anode Material Design Parameters

6.5.2 Delete this section and replace with the following:

Fe 0.13% max. 0.09% max.

In 0.005% to 0.05% 0.016% to 0.040%

Others - 0.02% max.

Table 4: Composition of Aluminium Anode Alloy

6.5.3 Delete this section and replace with the following: