TEST 1

EKC 212 FLUIDS FLOW FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Name:
Matric No :
No. Marks
PROGRAMME OUTCOMES (PO) 1 (10)
(PO1) Ability to acquire and apply knowledge of engineering fundamentals 2 (30)
(PO3) Having in-depth technical competence in the chemical engineering discipline 3 (10)
(PO4) Ability to undertake problem identification, formulation and solution 4 (20)
(PO5) Ability to design and evaluate operational performance of chemical processes 5 (30)
(PO9) Ability to design and conduct experiments as well as to analyze and interpret data TOTAL (100)

COURSE OUTCOME (CO)

(CO5) Apply flow equation to the solid immersed in the fluid to calculate the drag coefficient and terminal velocity.
Learn various types of fluidization and its phenomena.
……………………………………………………………………………………………

1. A spherical particle is settling in still air at 30 oC and 1 atm. The particle has a density of 1520
kg/m3 and a diameter of 28 μm. Calculate :
(i) Particle terminal velocity; (ii) Drag force; (iii) Buoyancy force and (iv) Drag coefficient.
Given : ρair = 1.12 kg/m3; μair = 1.7 x 10-5 kg/ms
[10 marks]

2. 3 spherical particles fall into water. Initially, the particles are in same position with same final
terminal velocity. Using Table below, what is the distance between them (S1S2, S1S3 and
S2S3) when all the particles achieve terminal velocity of 99%. Assume that Stoke law is valid
for all cases.

[30 marks]

3. Estimate the (i) criterion and (ii) terminal velocity for 1.9 mm - 2.5 mm particles of spherical
particles (ρp = 3150 kg/m3) falling in water at 30oC. How much the (iii) velocity be in a
centrifugal separator where the acceleration is 35g?
Given : ρf = 998 kg/m3; μf = 0.80 x 10-3 kg/ms. [10 marks]

4. Solid particles having a size of 0.15 mm, a shape factor fs of 0.64 and a density of 1215
kg/m3 are to be fluidized using air at 2.0 atm & 25oC. The bed diameter is 0.66 m and the bed
contains 390 kg of solids. The minimum fluidized bed height is 1.42 m. 
(i) Calculate the voidage at minimum fluidizing condition.
(ii) Calculate the pressure drop at minimum fluidizing condition.
(iii) Calculate the minimum velocity for fluidization.
Given: μf = 1.845 x 10-5 Pa.s; rf = 2.374 kg/m3; P = 2.02 x 105 Pa [20 marks]
5. A partial oxidation is carried out by passing 0.26 m/s air with containing 1 mol% hydrocarbon
through 40-mm ID 3 m height vertical tubes packed with 2 mm catalyst pellets. The air enters
the bed from the bottom at 200oC and 2 atm. The density of the catalyst pellets is 1750 kg/m 3
and their sphericity is 0.83. The reactor operates at 200 oC. The air viscosity and density are
2.6x10-5 Pa.s and 1.54 kg/m3, respectively. Assume voidage of packed bed = 0.42;
i) Calculate outlet pressure from the packed bed.
ii) Calculate air flowrate that just enough to fluidize the solids.
iii) Calculate velocity required to expand the fluidize bed by 40%.
Given : Φs ε3mf = 1/14
[30 marks]

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Appendices
2
gD p [ ρ p −ρf ]
V o =ut =
18 μ f ; (NRe < 1.0 or K < 2.6) Stoke’s law ;
F d =3πμ f D p V o
gD p( ρ p −ρf )
V o=ut =1.75
√ ρf ; (1000<NRe<200,000 or 69<K<2360) Newton’s law ;
F d =0.055πD2p V 2o ρ f
4 g ( ρ p −ρf ) D p
V o =ut =
√ 3 Cd ρf ; (1 < NRe < 1000 or 2.6 < K < 69) transition
1
DpV o ρf gρ f ( ρ p −ρf )
N Re=
μf ;
F d=
2
Cd V o ρf
2
Ap
;
FB = π (
D
6
p3
) ρf . g
;
K=D p
[ μ
2 ] 3

18 μ ρf
a1 =
D21 ρ1 ;
b1 = 1−
( ) ρ1
g
;
¿
b
y = ( 1−e−at )
a ;
y=
bt b b −at
− + e
a a2 a2
hL 1 ( 1−ε 2 )
=
ΔP mf = ( 1−ε mf ) ( ρ p −ρf )g Lmf hL 2 ( 1−ε 1 )
;

2 2
ΔP 150 μV ( 1−ε ) 1. 75 ρf (V ) 1−ε
= 2 2 x 3
+ x 3
L φS D P ε φS DP ε

2 3
1 . 75 ( N Re,mf ) 150 (1−ε mf )( N Re, mf ) DP ρ( ρ P−ρ )g
3
+ 2 3
− 2
=0
φ S ε mf φ S ε mf μ

(1−ε 1 )L1
L2=1. 4 L mf =1 . 4
(1−ε mf ) (for 40% expand)

Prepared by Dr Mohd AzmierAhmad

October 2010