MANAGEMENT BY

OBJECTIVES
SUBMITTED TO PROF.G.HARSHINI ESTHER
SUBMITTED BY ADHITH.R.A
SEC.B,BBM,SEM1
INTRODUCTION
Management in all business areas and organizational activities are the acts of getting
people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives efficiently and effectively.
Management comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling
an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of
accomplishing a goal. Management can also be defined as human action, including design, to
facilitate the production of useful outcomes from a system. This view opens the opportunity
to 'manage' oneself, a pre-requisite to attempting to manage others. Management in true
practice, is neither an act/art or process.it is the state of showing power/power play,where
conflicts between the players/actors are managed in other for those involved to achieve their
objectives, others than that of the organization, it is the essence of putting people down,
ruthlessness with one another with the intention to enrich themselves.

Basic functions of management

Management operates through various functions, often classified as planning,
organizing, leading/directing, and controlling/monitoring.

 Planning: Deciding what needs to happen in the future (today, next week, next
month, next year, over the next 5 years, etc.) and generating plans for action.
 Organizing: (Implementation) making optimum use of the resources required to
enable the successful carrying out of plans.
 Staffing: Job Analysing, recruitment, and hiring individuals for appropriate jobs.
 Leading/Directing: Determining what needs to be done in a situation and getting
people to do it.
 Controlling/Monitoring: Checking progress against plans.
 Motivation: Motivation is also a kind of basic function of management, because
without motivation, employees cannot work effectively. If motivation doesn't take
place in an organization, then employees may not contribute to the other functions
(which are usually set by top level management).

DEFINITION 1
The process of setting and achieving goals through the execution of five basic management
functions: planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling; that utilize human,
financial, and material resources.
LINK:www.crfonline.org/orc/glossary/m.html
DEFINITION 2
The process of achieving the objectives of the business organization by bringing together
human, physical, and financial resources in an optimum combination and making the best
decision for the organization while taking into consideration its operating environment.
LINK:www.ucs.mun.ca/~rsexty/business1000/glossary/M.htm

WHAT IS MOTIVATION?
The processes that account for an individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence of effort
toward attaining a goal.

What are the various measures adopted by MNC to motivate their

employees?
The various measures adopted by MNC’s to motivate their employees are as follows:-
1. MONETARYAND NON-MONETARY INCENTIVES
2. JOB-ENLARGEMENT
3. TRAINING AND PROMOTION
4. ESOP(EMPLOYEES STOCK OPTION PLAN)
5. SAFETY HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL LEARNING
6. PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL
7. THINKING ABOUT YOUR EMPLOYEES' STRENGTHS
8. ASKING EMPLOYEES WHAT THEY WANT
9. LEARNING TO RECOGNIZE AND ELIMINATE THREATS
10. COMMUNICATING

What are the various measures adopted by Infosys to motivate their

employees?
HIV (+) & AIDS CONTROL POLICY
Infosys would take measures to prevent the incidence and spread of HIV and AIDS in the
society. In case of need, the company would arrange to provide counselling and medical
guidance to these patients and their families.

QUALITY POLICY
Consistent with the group purpose, Infosys shall constantly strive to improve the quality of
life of the communities it serves through excellence in all facets of its activities. We are
committed to create value for all our stakeholders by continually improving our systems and
processes through innovation, involving all our employees. This policy shall form the basis of
establishing and reviewing the Quality Objectives and shall be communicated across the
organization. The policy will be reviewed to align with business direction and to comply with
all the requirements of the Quality Management Standard.

ENVIRONMENTAL, OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY

POLICY
Infosys reaffirms its commitment to provide safe working place and clean environment to its
employees and other stakeholders as an integral part of its business philosophy and values.
We will continually enhance our Environmental, Occupational Health & Safety (EHS)
performance in our activities, products and services through a structured EHS management
framework. Towards this commitment, we shall; Establish and achieve EHS objectives and
targets. Ensure compliance with applicable EHS legislation and other requirement and go
beyond. Conserve natural resources and energy by constantly seeking to reduce consumption
and promoting waste avoidance and recycling measures. Eliminate, minimize and/or control
adverse environmental impacts and occupational health and safety risks by adopting
appropriate "state-of-the-art" technology and best EHS management practices at all levels
sand functions. Enhance awareness, skill and competence of our employees and contractors
so as to enable them to demonstrate their involvement, responsibility and accountability for
sound EHS performance.

HUMAN RESOURCE POLICY

Infosys recognizes that its people are the primary source of its competitiveness. It is
committed to equal employment opportunities for attracting the best available talent and
ensuring a cosmopolitan workforce. It will pursue management practices designed to enrich
the quality of life of its employees, develop their potential and maximise their productivity. It
will aim at ensuring transparency, fairness and equity in all its dealings with its employees.
Infosys will strive continuously to foster a climate of openness, mutual trust and teamwork.

ALCOHOL AND DRUGS POLICY

Infosys believes that the loyalty and commitment of its employees depend upon the quality of
life they are offered at work and at home. We recognize that indiscriminate use of alcohol
and drugs is injurious to the wellbeing of individuals, their families and the community as a
whole. We acknowledge that the misuse of these psychoactive substances is a major health
and safety hazard. Infosys is therefore committed to creating an alcohol and drug-free
environment at the work place. This would be achieved through the involvement of all
employees and the Joint Departmental Councils in spearheading appropriate initiatives. The
initiatives would include; raising awareness, through the dissemination of information,
education and training and by promoting healthy life styles among our employees and their
families. Motivating those employees who have an alcohol/drug problem, to seek assistance,
while maintaining confidentiality about such case.

RESEARCH POLICY
Infosys believes that research provides the foundation for sustained, long-term, stakeholder
delight. Infosys shall nurture and encourage innovative research in a creative ambience to
ensure that the competitive advantage in its overall business is retained and surpassed.
Towards this goal, the Company commits itself to providing all necessary resources and
facilities for use by motivated researchers of the highest calibre. Research in Infosys shall be
aligned to the technological initiatives necessary to evolve and fulfil the overall business
objectives of the Company.

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY POLICY

Infosys believes that the primary purpose of a business is to improve the quality of life of
people. Infosys will volunteer its resources, to the extent it can reasonably afford, to sustain
and improve healthy and prosperous environment and to improve the quality of life of the
people of the areas in which it operates.

WHAT IS MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVES?

Management by Objectives (MBO) is a process of defining objectives within an
organization so that management and employees agree to the objectives and understand what
they are in the organization. The essence of MBO is participative goal setting, choosing
course of actions and decision making. An important part of the MBO is the measurement
and the comparison of the employee’s actual performance with the standards set. Ideally,
when employees themselves have been involved with the goal setting and choosing the
course of action to be followed by them, they are more likely to fulfil their responsibilities.

CONCLUSION
Thus management is getting things done through others and it comprises of planning,
directing and unifying the good efforts to achieve a common goal. Some the various measures
adopted by MNC’s to motivate their employees are monetary and non-monetary incentives,
job-enlargement, training and promotion, ESOP (employees stock option plan), safety health
and environmental learning. By adopting these measures MNC’s could increase the
efficiency of the employees, thereby, increasing the optimum utitization of resources inturn
increasing productivity of the company.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
http://www.leadership501.com/definition-of-management/21/

http://www.biztrain.com/motivation/stories/12ways.htm

http://www.scribd.com/doc/34699138/Final-Infosys
B.COM BUSINESS MANAGEMENT TEXT BOOK.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_by_objectives.