Complete Course Contant

1
Annexure-A
Scheme of Studies BS Physics

Semester Course code Course Title (TCH LCH Cr.H) Pre-requisite(s)
PHY101 Introductory Mechanics (3 0 3) None
MATH107 Basic Calculus (3 0 3) None
CS101 Introduction to Computing (3 3 4) None
1st ENG101 Study Skills (3 0 3) None
RS101 Islamic Studies/Theology (3 0 3) None
PHY191 Lab-I (0 3 1) None
Total Credit Hours Per Semester 17

None
PHY103 Waves and Oscillations (2 0 2)
None
PHY104 Introductory Electricity (2 0 2)
None
MATH108 Basic Differential Equations (3 0 3)
CHEM105 Introductory Chemistry (23 3) None

2nd
ENG102 Communication Skills (3 0 3) None
PS101 Pakistan Studies (3 0 3) None
PHY192 Lab-II (0 3 1) None
PHY202 Basics of Magnetism (2 0 2) PHY104
PHY211 Classical Mechanics (3 0 3) PHY101

3rd
CS102 Programming Fundamentals (3 3 4) CS101
PHY221 Mathematical Methods of Physics-I (3 0 3) None

2
PHY203 Introductory Electronics (3 0 3) None
ZOOL107 Introductory Biology (2 0 2) None
PHY291 Lab-III (0 3 1) None

Course (TCH LCH
Semester Course Title Pre-requisite(s)
code Cr.H)
PHY212 Quantum Mechanics-I (3 0 3)
PHY213 Fluid Mechanics (2 0 2) PHY103
PHY222 Mathematical Methods of Physics-II (3 0 3) PHY221
PHY271 Electromagnetic Theory-I (3 0 3)

4th
PHY293 Data Analysis Techniques (2 0 2) None
SWS103 Social Works and Human Behavior (3 0 3) None
PHY292 Lab-IV (0 3 1) None
None
PHY331 Thermodynamics (3 0 3)
None
PHY341 Solid State Physics-I (3 0 3)
PHY212
PHY313 Quantum Mechanics-II (3 0 3)
5th None
MS112 Principles of Management (3 0 3)
PHY371 Modern Optics (3 0 3) PHY271
PHY372 Electromagnetic Theory-II (3 0 3) PHY271

PHY311 Statistical Mechanics (3 0 3) None
PHY352 Nuclear Physics-I (3 0 3) PHY212
PHY342 Solid State Physics II (3 0 3) PHY341
6th
PHY351 Atomic and Molecular Physics (3 0 3) PHY212
PHY361 Computational Physics (3 0 3) PHY221

3
PHY391 Lab-V (0 3 1) None

Course (TCH LCH

Semester Course Title Pre-requisite(s)
code Cr.H)
PHY423 Special Theory of Relativity (3 0 3) PHY101
PHY4** Elective (3 0 3) None
7th PHY4** Elective (3 0 3) None
Literature Survey and Technical

PHY491 (1 0 1) None
Report
PHY451 Nuclear Physics-II (3 0 3) PHY352
8th PHY4** Elective (3 0 3) None
PHY492 Technical Presentation (0 6 2) PHY491

List of Elective Courses

Course Course titles Pre-requisite(s)
(TCH LCH Cr.H)
codes
PHY405 Bio-Physics (3 0 3) PHY372,ZOOL107
PHY441 Superconductors and Applications (3 0 3) PHY342
PHY442 Semiconductor Devices and Applications (3 0 3) PHY342
PHY443 Material Characterisation Techniques (3 0 3) None
PHY444 Materials Science (3 0 3) None
PHY445 Nano-Physics and Technology (3 0 3) None
PHY331,PHY372,
PHY446 Lithography (3 0 3)
CHEM101
4
PHY471 Principles of Lasers (3 0 3) PHY371

PHY472 Applications of Lasers (3 0 3) PHY471
PHY473 Optical Fibre and Applications (3 0 3) PHY371
PHY481 Plasma Physics (3 0 3) PHY372
PHY482 Physics of Laser Plasma Interactions (3 0 3) PHY471, PHY481
PHY483 Renewable Energy Sources (3 0 3) None
PHY484 Astrophysics (3 0 3) None
PHY452 Particle Physics (3 0 3) None
PHY422 String Theory (3 0 3) None
PHY424 General Theory of Relativity (3 0 3) None
PHY425 Cosmology (3 0 3) None
PHY426 Quantum Field Theory (3 0 3) None
PHY453 Nuclear Physics-II (3 0 3) PHY352
Courses related to
PHY498 Senior Design Project Part I (0 9 3) project, as per
advisor
Courses related to
PHY499 Senior Design Project Part II (0 9 3) project, as per
advisor
List of Non Credit Courses
S. No. Course Title

Literature/History of Civilization/Philosophy/Psychology/Logic/Ethics/other courses in consultation with
1
the advisor
5
MSc PROGRAM
2.1 Following Course Codes are suggested to be changed to make it accordingly to the BS
program:
S. No. Course Title Old Code New Code Semester
1 Study Skills ENG-112 ENG-101 1st
2 EMT-II PHY-272 PHY-372 2nd
3 Communication Skills ENG-134 ENG-102 2nd
4 Lab-III PHY-391 PHY-291 3rd
5 Lab-IV PHY-392 PHY-292 2nd
2.2 Following Course Pre-Requisites are suggested to be added:

S. No. Course Title Course Code Pre- Requisite Semester
1 Nuclear Physics-I PHY352 PHY212 3rd
2 Computational Physics PHY361 PHY221 3rd
2.3 Following Courses Pre-Requisites are suggested to be removed:
S. No. Course Title Course Code Pre- Requisite

1 Statistical Mechanics PHY311 PHY331 3rd
2 Solid state Physics’-I PHY341 PHY221 3rd
3 Atomic and Molecular PHY351 PHY102 4th
Physics
4 Solid State Physics-II PHY342 PHY212 4th
2.4 Following Course title is suggested to be changed:

S. No. Old Course Title New Course Title Course Code Semester
1 Physics Lab-I Lab-I PHY-191 1st
2.5Following Lab is suggested to be added:

S. No. Course Title Course Code Semester
1 Physics Lab-II PHY-192 2nd
2.6 Following Lab are suggested to be shifted:

6
S. No. Course Title From Semester To Semester

1 Physics Lab-IV 2nd 4th
Annexure-B
Scheme of Studies MSc Physics

M.Sc. in Physics (Kohat University of Science & Technology)
(TCH LCH
Year Semester Course code Course Title PR/CR*
CrH)
PHY221 Mathematical Methods of Physics-I (3 0 3) None

PHY271 Electromagnetic Theory-I (3 0 3) None
PHY211 Classical Mechanics (3 0 3) None
1st
1st PHY203 Introductory Electronics (3 0 3) None
Year
ENG101 Study Skills (3 0 3) None
PHY191 Lab-I (0 3 1) None
PHY222 Mathematical Methods of Physics-II (3 0 3) PHY221
PHY372 Electromagnetic Theory-II (3 0 3) PHY271
PHY212 Quantum Mechanics-I (3 0 3) None
2nd PHY331 Thermodynamics (3 0 3) None
ENG102 Communication skills (3 0 3) None

PHY192 Lab-II (0 3 1) None
PHY352 Nuclear Physics-I (3 0 3) PHY212

PHY341 Solid State Physics-I (3 0 3) None
PHY311 Statistical Mechanics (3 0 3) None
2nd 3rd
PHY-
PHY313 Quantum Mechanics-II (3 0 3)
212
PHY361 Computational Physics (3 0 3) PHY221
7
PHY291 Lab-III (0 3 1) None

Total Credit Hours Per Semester
16
PHY351 Atomic and Molecular Physics (3 0 3) PHY212

PHY342 Solid State Physics-II (3 0 3) PHY341
PHY4** Elective-I (3 0 3) ***
4th PHY4** Elective-II (3 0 3) ***
PHY499 Project (3 0 3) None
PHY292 Lab IV (0 3 1) None
* PR/CR: Pre-Requisite / Co-Requisite
** Course codes are given in the Elective courses list in BS program
*** Student may opt these courses as given in the BS program and the PR/CR for these courses are the
same as for BS program
8
MPHIL AND PHD PROGRAM

3. 1 Following Course Codes are suggested be changed:
S. No. Course Title Old Code New Code
1 Reactor Physics PHY551(repeated) PHY554
3. 2 Following Course title is suggested to be changed:

S. No. Old Course Title New Course Title Course Code
1 Advance Mathematical Advance Mathematical PHY521
Methods Methods of Physics
3.3 Following Courses is suggested to be added:

S. No. Course Title Course Code Compulsory/Optional
1 Luminescence and Applications PHY674 Optional
2 Luminescence in Solids PHY671 Optional
3 Radiation Detection and PHY555 Optional
Measurement
4 Density Matrix Theory PHY623 Optional
3.4 Following Courses are suggested to be removed:

S. Course Title Course Code Compulsory/Optional
No.
1 Image Processing in Electron PHY698
Optional
Microscopy,
2 Optical Communication PHY673 Optional
3 Advance Courses in Relativity PHY622 Optional
4 Practicum in Teaching of Physics PHT600 Non-credit
9
Annexure-C
Scheme of Studies MPhil and PhD Physics
S.No. Course Tile Course Code (TCH LCH CrH)
1. Advance Electromagnetic theory PHY571 (3 0 3)
2 Advance Mathematical Methods of Physics PHY521 (3 0 3)
Optional / Additional Courses /Specialization
3 Advance Quantum Mechanics PHY511 (3 0 3)
4 Advance Statistical Mechanics PHY512 (3 0 3)
5 Advance Computational Physics PHY562 (3 0 3)
6 Advance Solid State Physics PHY541 (3 0 3)
7 Space Technology, Science and Applications PHY578 (3 0 3)
8 Nanotechnology and Nano Materials PHY549 (3 0 3)
9 Lasers, Optoacoustics, Spectroscopy PHY676 (3 0 3)
10 Fundamental of Thermal Physics PHY632 (3 0 3)
11 Dielectric and Optical Properties of Materials PHY741 (3 0 3)
12 Lasers Physics PHY573 (3 0 3)
13 Microwave Communication PHY675 (3 0 3)

10
14 Magnetic Properties of Materials PHY811 (3 0 3)
15 Advance Atomic and Molecular Physics PHY551 (3 0 3)
16 The Theory of Atomic Collisions PHY552 (3 0 3)
17 The Experimental Techniques in Physics PHY693 (3 0 3)
18 Advance Particle Physics PHY553 (3 0 3)
19 Digital Image Processing PHY661 (3 0 3)
20 Advance Modern Optics and Laser Physics PHY672 (3 0 3)
21 Signal Processing PHY625 (3 0 3)
22 Superconductivity PHY642 (3 0 3)
23 Low Temperature Physics PHY631 (3 0 3)
24 Reactor Physics PHY554 (3 0 3)
25 Medical Physics Instrumentation PHY591 (3 0 3)
26 Satellite Orbit Determination and Simulation PHY611 (3 0 3)
27 Physics of Thin Films PHY643 (3 0 3)
28 Advance Semi Conductor Devices PHY644 (3 0 3)
39 Electron Microscopy-I PHY691 (3 0 3)
30 Electron Microscopy-II PHY692 (3 0 3)
31 Advance Material Science PHY645 (3 0 3)
32 Magnetic Resonance (EPR/NMR) ? PHY646 (3 0 3)
33 Techniques in Experimental Solid State Physics PHY694 (3 0 3)
34 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) PHY695 (3 0 3)
35 Satellite Imaging Processing PHY696 (3 0 3)

11
36 Ion’s Sputtering PHY697 (3 0 3)
37 Advance Plasma Physics PHY581 (3 0 3)
38 Advance Laser Plasma Interaction PHY682 (3 0 3)
39 Advance String Theory-I PHY523 (3 0 3)
40 Advance String Theory-II PHY624 (3 0 3)
41 Geometry, Topology and Physics-I PHY525 (3 0 3)
42 Geometry, Topology and Physics-II PHY626 (3 0 3)
43 Super Symmetry and Supergravity PHY527 (3 0 3)
44 Advance Quantum Field Theory PHY522 (3 0 3)
45 Gauge/Gravity Duality PHY754 (3 0 3)
46 Black holes PHY857 (3 0 3)
47 Non commutative Field Theory PHY655 (3 0 3)
48 F-Theory PHY756 (3 0 3)
49 Atomic Physics in Hot Plasmas PHY787 (3 0 3)
50 Laser Plasma Diagnostics PHY888 (3 0 3)
51 Project/Research PHY691 (0 0 6)
52 Project/Research PHY999 (0 0 6)
53 General Theory of Relativity PHY612 (3 0 3)
54
Electronic Structure Theory PHY542 (3 0 3)
55
Density Functional Theory PHY543 (3 0 3)
56 (3 0 3)
Luminescence and Applications PHY 674
57 (3 0 3)
Luminescence in Solids PH655
12
58 (3 0 3)
Radiation Detection and Measurement PHY555
59
Density Matrix Theory PHY623 (3 0 3)
PASS COURSES (Not to be considered towards CGPA)
60 Seminars and Lectures PHY601 (3 0 3)
61 Laboratory techniques in Physics PHY690 (3 0 3)
62 Environmental Physics PHY680 (3 0 3)
63 Practicum in teaching of Physics (Repeated) PHY600 (3 0 3)

13
Annexure F
Lecture wise Distribution of courses

1st semester
1. Introductory Mechanics
Course Code: PHY101
Course Title: Introductory Mechanics
(TCH LCH CrH) (3 0 3)
Pre-requisite: None
Recommended Texts: 1. Fundamental of Physics, Haliday, D. Resnick & Walker, 2012: Extended ed. John
Wiley, 9th Edition.
2. Principles of Physics, Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett, Cengage Learning,
2006
3. University Physics with Modern Physics, Hugh D. Young , Roger A. Freedman,
Lewis Ford, Addison-Wesley; 12 edition (March 23, 2007)
4. Principles of Physics, Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett, Cengage Learning,
2006
5. Physics, Classical and Modern, 2nd Edition, by F. J. Keller, W. E. Gettys and M. J.
Skove, McGraw Hill (1993)
Course Description:
Course objectives:
Review of vector analysis: Coordinate Systems, Vector and scalar triple products, Gradient of a Vector, Divergence
and curl of a vector, Vector identities, Divergence and Stokes’ Theorems: Derivation, Physical importance and
Applications to specific cases, Integral and differential forms, Vector fields and their properties.
14
Equations of motion, Deriving kinematics equations, Laws of motion and concept of force, Projectile motion,
Uniform circular motion, Inertial frames, Non inertial frames and Pseudo forces, Centrifugal, Coriolis force, Non-
uniform circular motion,
Work done by a constant force and a variable forces, Work energy theorem, Power, Conservation of Energy ,
Conservative and non Conservation forces, Conservation of energy in a system of particles, Law of conservation of
total energy of an isolated system, Potential energy, Gravitational potential energy.
Linear momentum and its conservation, Two particles systems and generalization to many particle systems, Centre
of mass system, Centre of mass of solid objects, Momentum Changes in a system of variable mass.
Elastic collisions, conservation of momentum during collision, inelastic collisions in center of mass reference
frame, Simple applications of obtaining velocities in the center of mass frame. Angular momentum and its
conservation, Rotational kinematics, Moments of Inertia, Torque, Static equilibrium and Elasticity, Oscillatory
motion, Fluid mechanics, Pressure, Buoyant force and Archimedes principle, Fluid dynamics, Equation of
continuity, Bernoulli’s equation, Wave motion, wave equation, Interference and diffraction of waves, Sound
waves, Plane and spherical waves, Periodic waves, the Doppler effect, Standing waves and their properties,
Resonance. Newton’s law of universal, gravitation, Measuring the gravitational, constant, Free-fall
acceleration and the, gravitational force, Kepler’s laws, The law of gravity and the motion of planets, The
gravitational field, Gravitational potential energy, Energy considerations in, Planetary and satellite motion,
The gravitational force between an extended object and a particle, The gravitational force between a
particle and a spherical mass
1. Lab Experiments of Mechanics

Addition of vector forces & resolving vector into its All experiments can be performed
components using basic mechanics system & super
Verifying hook's law using spring balance pulley force table
15
Torque
Find center of mass of irregular shaped body
Motion on inclined plane
Sliding & rolling friction
SHM; mass on spring & simple pendulum
Lever the simple machine
Effect of air resistance on acceleration due to gravity
Discover free fall system
How mass effect terminal velocity during free fall
Coefficient of friction
Sliding friction and conservation of energy
Conservation of momentum in explosions
Introductory dynamics system
Newton's 2nd law
Acceleration down on inclined plane
Conservation of momentum
Projectile motion Projectile launcher
Rotational inertia of a disc and ring
Rotational system & centripetal force
Centripetal force investigation by changing mass & pendulum
radius
Determine young's modulus
Stress/strain system
Determine the breaking point of various materials
3.Waves and Oscillations
TEXT BOOK
Fundamentals of Physics: Halliday and Resnick (10 th Edition) by Jearl Walker, John Wiley & Sons (2014)
REF. BOOKS
16
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics by Raymond Serway and John Jewett Jr, Brooks/Cole
(2014)
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics and Mastering Physics (4 th Edition) by Douglas C.
Giancoli, Addison Wesley (2008)
Aim: To enable students to appreciate the deep link between the mathematical formulation
developed for waves of different kinds and to enable them to apply the same to various physical
phenomena.
Description: Starting with the simple harmonic motion, damped and forced oscillations, the
phenomenon of resonance will be discussed. This would be followed by transverse and
longitudinal waves, speed, intensity, interference of sound waves, Doppler effect and beat waves
will be discussed. The course will also expose students to various numerical problems that would
help them understand and be able to apply the concepts of different wave phenomena.
Lecture Contents
Lecture 1-4. Introduction, vibration, oscillation, periodic motion, simple harmonic motion, the force law
of simple harmonic motion, energy in simple harmonic motion, an angular simple harmonic oscillator
Lecture 5-8. Pendulums, Uniform circular motion, damped simple harmonic motion, Forced oscillations
and resonance
Lecture 9. Review
Lecture 10. Problem solving session
Lecture 11. Semester test 1
Lecture 12-15. Transverse and longitudinal waves, speed of a travelling wave, wave speed on a stretched
string, energy and power of a wave traveling along a string
Lecture 16-19. The wave equation, interference of waves, phasors, standing waves and resonance
Lecture 20. Review
Lecture 21. Problem solving session
Lecture 22. Semester test 2
Lecture 23. Speed of sound waves and travelling sound waves, interference, intensity and sound level
Lecture 26-27. Sources of musical sound, beats
Lecture 28-29. The Doppler effect, supersonic speeds, shock waves
Lecture 30. Review and problem-solving session
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
4. Introductory Electricity
Course Code: PHY104
Course Title: Introductory Electricity

17
(TCH LCH Cr.H): (3 0 3)

Pre-requisite (s): None
Recommended Texts:
1. Haliday, D. Resnick & Walker Fundamental of Physics
Extended ed. John Wiley, 9th Edition, 2012.
2. Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett, Principles of
Physics,Cengage Learning, 2006.
3. Hugh D. Young, Roger A. Freedman, Lewis Ford
University Physicswith Modern Physics, Addison-
Wesley; 12th edition, 2007.
4. F. J. Keller, W. E. Gettys and M. J. Skove Physics,
Classical and Modern, 2nd Edition, McGraw Hill, 1993.
Lecture No. Topic

1,2 Field due to a point charge; due to several point charges
3,4 Electric dipole.
5,6 Electric field of continuous charge distribution :a ring
of charge; a disc of charge; an infinite line of charge
7,8 Electric field of continuous charge distribution :a disc
of charge; an infinite line of charge
9 Electric field of continuous charge distribution : an
infinite line of charge
10 Point charge in an electric field
11 Torque on and energy of a dipole in uniform field
12 Gauss’s law (integral and differential forms) and its
application to charged isolated conductors, a conductor
with a cavity
13 Field near a charged conducting sheet, field of an
infinite line of charge, field of infinite sheet of charge,
field due to charged spherical shell, field due to
spherical charge distribution
14 Potential due to point charge,
15 potential due to a collection of point charges,
16 Potential due to a dipole, electric potential of
continuous charge distribution,
17 Poisson’s and Lap lace equations (without solution)
18,19 Potential and field inside and outside an isolated
20,21 Conductor field as the gradient or derivative of
potential
22,23 Capacitance, calculation the electric field in a capacitor
24,25 Capacitors of various shapes cylindrical, spherical
26,27 Calculation of capacitances
18
28 Energy stored in an electric field

29,30 Capacitor with dielectric
31,32 Electric field inside dielectric (an atomic view)
33,34 Application of Gauss’ Law to capacitor with dielectrics
35,36 Electric Current, current density J
37,38 Resistance, receptivity, and conductivity
39,40 Ohm’s Law, energy transfer in an electric circuit
41 Equation of continuity
42 D.C resistive using Kirchoff’s Laws
43 Thevinen’s theorem
44 Norton ‘s theorem and Superposition theorem
45 Growth and Decay of current in an RC circuit
(analytical treatment).
5.Lab II PHY 192

Charge by induction
Principal of the faraday's ice pail
Verify; Q=CV
Verifying ohm's law
Verifying kirchhoff's law
Charging and discharging of capacitor and measure time constant
Differentiater and integrater circuit
PNP and NPN characteristics
Force on current carrying wire
Semi conducter diode characteristics
Learning half/ful wave rectification
Induced emf
Studying RLC series/parallel circuits
Behaviour of capacitor in series and parallel
Calculate frequency and amplitude of a given AC signal
Transformer basics
3rd Semester
6. Basics of Magnetism
Course Code: PHY202
19
Course Title: Basics of Magnetism
(TCH LCH Cr.H): (2 0 2)
Pre-requisite (s): PHY104 “Introductory Electricity”
Recommended Texts:
1. Haliday, D. Resnick & Walker Fundamental of Physics Extended ed. John
Wiley, 9th Edition, 2012.
2. Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett, Principles of Physics,Cengage Learning,
2006.
3. Hugh D. Young, Roger A. Freedman, Lewis Ford University Physics
with Modern Physics, Addison-Wesley; 12thedition, 2007.
4. F. J. Keller, W. E. Gettys and M. J. Skove Physics, Classical and Modern, 2nd
Edition, McGraw Hill, 1993.
Course Description:
This course is about the Magnetic Field Effects and Magnetic Properties of Matter. The basic laws of magnetism and
concepts of conservation of magnetic flux are discussed in detail. Moreover, the different type of materials having
magnetic properties along with the origin of magnetism is elaborated.
Objectives:
 Origin of Magnetism.
 Introduction to Electricity
 Understanding of laws about electricity and magnetism
Lecture Wise Distribution of the Contents
Lecture Number Topic

L1 Magnetic Field Effects and Magnetic Properties of Matter
L2 Magnetic force on a charged particle
L3 Magnetic force on a current
L4 Torque on a current loop
L5 Magnetic Dipole
L6 Energy of magnetic dipole in field
L7 Lorentz Force with its applications i.e. CRO
L8 Biot-Savart Law
L9 Analytical treatment and applications to a current loop
L10 force on two parallel current changing conductors
L11 Ampere’s Law
L12 Integral and differential forms,
L13 applications to solenoids and toroids. (Integral form)
L14 Gausses’ Law for Magnetism
L15 Concepts of conservation of magnetic flux
L16 Differential form of Gausses Law
L17 Origin of Atomic and Nuclear magnetism
20
L18 Basic ideas; Bohr Magnetron

L19 Magnetization
L20 Magnetic Materials
L21 Para magnetism, Diamagnetism,
L22 Ferromagnetism-Discussion
L23 Hysteretic losses in ferromagnetic materials.
L24
7. Classical Mechanics
Course code: PHY211
Course Title: Classical Mechanics

Pre-requisite:
Recommended Texts: I. Classical Mechanics, H. Goldstein, 3rd Ed., Addison Wesley Reading,
Massachusetts, 2006
II. Classical Dynamics of Particles and System, Jerry B. Marian, Stephen T.
Thornton, 4th Ed., Harcourt Brace & Company, 1995
III. Classical Mechanics, A. Douglas Davis, Academics Press, 1986
Course Description:
This course emphasizes a systematic approach to the mathematical formulation of mechanics problems and to the
physical interpretation of the solutions. Fundamental concepts and principles in classical mechanics will be
applied to particles, systems of articles and rigid bodies. A set of core concepts—space, time, mass, force,
momentum, torque, and angular momentum—were introduced in classical mechanics in order to solve the most
famous physics problem, the motion of the planets. Conservation laws involving energy, momentum and angular
momentum provided a second parallel approach to solving many of the same problems. In this course, we will
investigate both approaches: Force and conservation laws
In this course we will study about Brief survey of Newtonian Mechanics of a system of particles, Frame of
Reference, Conservation Theorem, Rocket motion, Limitation of Newtonian Mechanics, Simple Harmonic
Oscillation, Harmonic Oscillation in two dimensions, Phase Diagram, Damped Oscillation, Reduced Mass,
21
Conservation theorems, First integral of the motion, Equation of motion, Orbits in a central field, Centrifugal
energy and effective potential, Planetary motion, Kepler’s law, Reduction of two body problem to an equivalent
one body problem, Linear and angular momentum of the system of particles, Energy of the system, Elastic
collisions of two particles, Inelastic collisions, Cross-sections, Rutherford scattering formular, Constraints,
Gereralized coordinates, Virtual displacement, Virtual work and D’Alembert’s principal, LaGrange’s equation,
Velocity depdentent potentials and dissipation function, Applications Lagrange’s equation, Hamilton’s principle,
Techniques of calculus of variations, Application of calculus of variations, Derivation of Lagrange’s equation
from Hamilton’s principle, Technieques of calculus of variations, Hamilton’s principle, Extension of Hamilton’s
principle to Non-homonymic system, Advantages of variational principle formulations, Conservation theorems
and symmetry properties, Energy function and conservation of energy, Legendre Transformation, Hamilton
Equation of motion, Cyclic coordinates and conservation theorems, Routh procedure, Hamilton’s formulation of
relativistic mechanics, Derivation of Hamilton’s equation from variational principle, Principle of least action,
Poisson’s brackets.
Objectives:
 Gain deeper understanding of classical mechanics. Consolidate the

 understanding of fundamental concepts in mechanics such as force, energy,
 momentum etc. more rigorously as needed for further studies in physics,
 engineering and technology.
 Advance skills and capability for formulating and solving problems.
 Expand and exercise the students’ physical intuition and thinking process through
 the understanding of the theory and application of this knowledge to the solution of
 practical problems.
 Increase mathematical and computational sophistication. Learn and apply
 advanced mathematical techniques and methods of use to physicists in solving
 problems. Develop some capabilities for numerical/computational methods, in
 order to obtain solutions to problems too difficult or impossible to solve analytically.
LECTURE WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE CONTENTS
Lecture Number TOPIC

L1 Brief survey of Newtonian Mechanics of a system of particles
L2 Frame of Reference
L3 Conservation Theorem
L4 Rocket motion
L5 Limitation of Newtonian Mechanics
L6 Simple Harmonic Oscillation
L7 Harmonic Oscillation in two dimensions
L8 Phase Diagram
L9 Damped Oscillation
22
L10 Reduced Mass

L11 Conservation theorems
L12 First integral of the motion
L13 Equation of motion
L14 Orbits in a central field
L15 Centrifugal energy and effective potential
L16 Planetary motion
L17 Kepler’s law
L18 Reduction of two body problem to an equivalent one body problem
L19 Linear and angular momentum of the system of particles
L20 Energy of the system
L21 Elastic collisions of two particles
L22 Inelastic collisions
L23 Cross-sections
L24 Rutherford scattering formular
L25 Constraints
L26 Gereralized coordinates
L27 Virtual displacement
L28 Virtual work and D’Alembert’s principal
L29 LaGrange’s equation
L30 Velocity depdentent potentials and dissipation function
L31 Applications Lagrange’s equation
L32 Hamilton’s principle
L33 Techniques of calculus of variations
L34 Application of calculus of variations
L35 Derivation of Lagrange’s equation from Hamilton’s principle
L36 Technieques of calculus of variations
L38 Extension of Hamilton’s principle to Non-homonymic system
L39 Advantages of variational principle formulations
L40 Conservation theorems and symmetry properties
L41 Energy function and conservation of energy
L42 Legendre Transformation
L43 Hamilton Equation of motion
L44 Cyclic coordinates and conservation theorems
L45 Routh procedure
23
8. Mathematical Methods of Physics-I
Course code PHY221
Course Title Mathematical Methods of Physics-I

Pre-requisite None
Recommended Texts 1. Mathematical Methods for Physicists, G. B. Arfken and H. J. Weber,

6th edition, Elsevier Academic Press, 2005.
2. Mathematical Methods for Physical Sciences, L. M. Boss, John
Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006.
3. Introduction to Mathematical Physics, C. Wa Wong, 2 nd edition,
Oxford University Press, 2013.
4. Foundations of Mathematical Physics, Sadri Hassani, 2 nd edition,
Springer International Publishing Switzerland, 2013.
5. Introduction to Mathematical Physics, C. Harper, Prentice Hall, Inc.,
1976.
24
Aim:
To enable students understand the fundamental concepts of mathematical techniques to solve problems in
different fields of science, engineering, and technology.
Objectives:
1. To familiarize students with the mathematical techniques to handle problems in different fields.
2. To guide students understand how to describe a physical process in mathematical form.
3. To provide students the basic skills necessary for the application of mathematical methods in physics.
Course Description:
Starting with the very basics of physical quantities, the concepts of mathematical techniques are introduced. The
basic concepts of vectors are motivated with suitable examples. The fundamental theorems of vector analysis are
explained followed by defining the gradient, curl and divergence of vector fields. Further, the delta functions are
discussed in detail. In turn matrix theory is developed for solution of practical problems. Moreover, the functions
of complex variables are discussed and the underlying concepts are assisted with appropriate examples.
Lecture Number Topics

L1 Review of vectors
L2 Coordinate systems, types of rectangular coordinate systems
L3 Plane polar coordinates
L4 Circular cylindrical coordinates
L5 Spherical coordinates
L6 Vector algebra
L7 Transformation of vectors
L8 dot and cross products
L9 Triple scalar products of vectors
L10 Triple vector products of vectors
L11 Differentiation of vectors fields, examples
L12 Gradient of scalar field function
L13 Divergence of vector fields, examples
L14 Curl of vector fields, examples
L15 Vector identities
L16 Levi-Civita Symbol, examples
L17 Vector integration with examples
L18 Gauss’s theorem, proof and discussion
L19 Green’s theorem in plane
L20 Stokes’s theorem
L21 Kronecker Delta Functions
L22 Dirac Delta Functions
L23 Introduction to tensor and its basic definitions
25
L24 Covariant and contra-variant Tensors

L25 Tensor algebra, contraction
L26 Direct product, summation convention
L27 Quotient rule, examples
L28 Determinants and Matrices: Linear vector spaces
L29 Linear Dependence of Vectors
L30 Determinants, examples
L31 Matrices, Algebra of matrices
L32 Orthogonal matrices
L33 Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization
L34 Hermitian matrices
L35 Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices
L36 Diagonalization of matrices, examples
L37 Complex Variables: Functions of a complex variable
L38 Complex Algebra
L39 Cauchy Riemann Conditions and analytic functions
L40 Cauchy Integral Theorem and integral formula
L41 Simply and multiply connected regions, Cauchy’s Integral Formula
L42 Laurent Expansion, Taylor and Laurent Series
L43 Singularities, Poles, Branch Points
L44 Calculus of Residues, Residue Theorem,
L45 Complex integration, examples
9. Introductory Electronics
Serial # Topics
Lecture # 1 The PN junction, band structure of a p-n-junction
Lecture # 2 Theory of p-n junction diode, volt ampere characteristics
Lecture # 3 Diode resistance, transition, capacitance, diffusion capacitance. Diode circuit
model
Lecture# 4 Application diode as rectifiers
Lecture # 5 Zener diodes and its applications
Lecture # 6 Zener regulators, Scotty diodes, light emitting diodes, photodiodes, and tunnel
diodes and its applications
Lecture # 7 Bipolar transistors, parameters and ratings
Lecture # 8 BJT : Switching circuits, Biasing and stability
Lecture # 9 BJT: Common emitter, common base and common collector amplifiers
Lecture # 10 BJT Power amplifier: , power class A,B, and C amplifiers
Lecture # 11 Field Effect transistors: Junction FET, Metal Oxide FET, operation and
26
construction Biasing
Lecture # 12 FET: Common source and common drain amplifiers, frequency response
Lecture # 13 Transistors; junction FET, MOSFET operation and construction
Lecture# 14 Biasing, Common source and common drain amplifiers, Frequency response
Lecture # 15 Operational amplifier, theory and Classifications
Lecture # 16 Op-Amp: Non inverting and inverting circuits, feedback and stability
Lecture # 17 Op-amp applications; comparators, summing, active fitters, Integrator and
Differentiator, Instrumentation amplifier.
Lecture # 18 Introduction to Digital electronics
Lecture # 19 Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal number system, their inter-conversion, concepts
of logic,.
Lecture # 20 Basic logic gates and truth table
Lecture # 21 De-Morgan’s theorem
Lecture # 22 Simplification of Boolean expression by Boolean postulates
Lecture # 23 K-maps and their uses. Don’t care condition
Lecture # 24 Logic circuits based on AND-OR, OR-AND Gates
Charge by induction
Lecture # 24 Logic circuits based on NAND, NOR Logic

Lecture # 25 Logic Gate design
Lecture # 26 Addition, subtraction (2’s compliments)
Lecture # 27 Half adder, full adder, half subtractor, encoder, decoder
Lecture # 28 Exclusive OR gate and its implementations
Lecture # 29 Flip-flops and Latches
Lecture # 30 Clocked RS-FF
Lecture # 31 Flip flops: D-FF, T-FF, JK-FF
Lecture # 32 Shift Register
Lecture # 33 Counters (Ring, Ripple, up-down, Synchronous)
Lecture # 34 Analog to Digital Convertor: A/D and D/A. Convertors
Lecture # 35 Introduction to Memories: ROM, PROM
Lecture # 36 EAPROM, EE PROM
Lecture # 37 Memories: RAM, (Static and dynamic)
Lecture # 38 Memory mapping techniques
Lecture # 39 Application and Programing of Memories
Lecture # 40 Re-cap of Subject
Lecture # 41 Presentation
10. Lab III PHY 291

27
Principal of the faraday's ice pail

Force on current carrying wire
Induced emf
Transformer basics
Differentiator /Integrator circuit
Magnetic field of solenoid
Ac/DC motor
Hand crank generator
4th Semester
11. Quantum Mechanics-I
Course code PHY212

Course Title Quantum Mechanics-I
28
Pre-requisite: None
Recommended Texts 1. Introductory Quantum Mechanics, Richard L. Liboff, 4th Edition,

Addison-Wesley, 2002.
2. Quantum Mechanics: Concepts and Application, Nouredine Zettli, 2nd
Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2009.
3. Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, David J. Griffiths, 2nd Edition,
Pearson Education Limited, 2014.
4. Quantum Mechanics: An Introduction, W. Greiner, 4th Edition, Springer-
Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2001.
5. Modern Quantum Mechanics, J. J. Sakurai, 2nd Edition, Pearson
Education Limited, 2014.
6. Principles of Quantum Mechanics, R. Shankar, 2nd Edition, Springer
Science + Business Media, Inc., 1994.
Aim:
This course aims to enable students understand the basic concepts of quantum mechanics. This is a first
formal quantum mechanics course and the idea is to teach basic quantum mechanical skills, which can
later be used in advanced quantum mechanics courses and other related physics.
Objectives:
1. To familiarize students with the basic properties of quantum world.

2. To enable students understand the basic concepts and principles of quantum mechanics.
3. To guide students understand how to describe a physical process in quantum mechanics.
Course Description:
This course develops concepts in quantum mechanics that enable the students to understand the behavior
of the physical universe from a fundamental point of view. It provides a basis for further study of
quantum mechanics. Contents include: The postulates of quantum mechanics, function spaces, operators,
eigenfunctions and eigenvalues, Superposition and Compatible Observables, infinite well in one and three
dimensions, Time Development, Conservation Theorems, and Parity, Hermiticity; scalar products of
wave functions, completeness relations, matrix mechanics; Schroedinger’s Equation.

L1 Introduction to quantum mechanics
L2 Review of concepts of classical mechanics
L3 state of a system, observables and operators
29
L4 Measurement in quantum mechanics

L5 The state function and expectation values
L6 Examples of finding the expectation values
L7 The time development of the state function
L8 Solution to the initial-value problem in quantum mechanics.
L9 Particle in a box
L10 The state of a system and its normalization
L11 Dirac notation of the state
L12 Hilbert Space and its properties
L13 Hermitian Operators
L14 Hermitian Adjoint
L15 Properties of Hermitian operators
L16 The superposition principle
L17 Hilbert-Space Interpretation
L18 The initial square wave
L19 The chopped beam
L20 Superposition and uncertainty
L21 Commutator relations in quantum mechanics
L22 Commutator theorem
L23 Commutator relations and the uncertainty principle
L24 Time Development of State Functions
L25 The discrete and continuous cases
L26 Free-Particle Propagator
L27 Distortion of the Gaussian State in Time
L28 Flattening of the delta function
L29 Time Development of Expectation
L30 Values Ehrenfest’s Principle

L31 Conservation of Energy
L32 Linear and Angular Momentum
L33 Conservation of Parity
L34 General Properties of one-dimensional Schroedinger’s Equation
L35 The Harmonic Oscillator: Classical treatment

L36 Annihilation and Creation Operators
L37 Eigenfunctions of the Harmonic Oscillator Hamiltonian
L38 The Harmonic Oscillator in Momentum Space
L39 Unbound States
L40 Continuity Equation
30
L41 Transmission and Reflection Coefficients

L42 One-Dimensional Barrier Problems
L43 The rectangular barrier tunneling
L44 The Ramsauer Effect
L45 Kinetic Properties of a Wave Packet Scattered from a Potential Barrier
12. Fluid Mechanics

TEXT BOOK: Fluid Mechanics (4th Edition) by Yunus A. Çengel and John M. Cimbala,
McGraw-Hill Education (2018)
REF. BOOKS: Fluid Mechanics by Frank White, McGraw-Hill Education (2016)
31
Introduction to Fluid Mechanics by Herbert Oertel, Translated by Katherine

Mayes, Universitat verlag Karlsruhe (2005)
Aim: To equip students with the basic concepts in Fluid Mechanics and help them analyze fluid-
flows.
Description: Starting with the basic classifications of fluid flow and properties of fluids, fluid
statics and fluid kinematics will be discussed that would lead to the Bernoulli’s equation and its
application in analyzing various fluid flows.
Lecture Contents
Lect. 1-3: Introduction, Classification of Fluid Flows, Problem-Solving Technique
Lect. 4-7: Density and Specific Gravity, Vapor Pressure and Cavitation, Energy and Specific
Heats, Compressibility and Speed of Sound, Viscosity, Surface Tension and
Capillary Effect
Lect.8: Review
Lect. 9-14: Pressure, Hydrostatic Forces on Submerged, Plane Surfaces, Hydrostatic Forces
on Submerged Curved, Surfaces, Buoyancy and Stability, Fluids in Rigid-Body
Motion
Lect.15: Review
Lect. 16: Mid Semester Test
Lect. 17-22: Lagrangian and Eulerian Descriptions, Flow Patterns and Flow Visualization,
Vorticity and Rotationality, The Reynolds Transport Theorem
Lect. 23: Review
Lect. 24-29: Conservation of Mass, Mechanical Energy and Efficiency, The Bernoulli
Equation and Applications, General Energy Equation, Energy Analysis of Steady
Flows
Lect. 30: Review
13. Mathematical Methods of Physics-II

Course Code PHY222
Course Title Mathematical Methods of Physics-II
(TCH LCH Cr.H) (3 0 3)
Pre-requisite (s) PHY221
Recommended Texts: 1. Mathematical Methods for Physicists, G. B. Arfken and H. J. Weber, 6 th
edition, Elsevier Academic Press, 2005.
2. Mathematical Methods for Physical Sciences, L. M. Boss, John Wiley &
Sons, Inc., 2006.
32
3. Introduction to Mathematical Physics, C. Wa Wong, 2nd edition, Oxford

University Press, 2013.
4. Foundations of Mathematical Physics, Sadri Hassani, 2nd edition,
Springer International Publishing Switzerland, 2013.
5. Introduction to Mathematical Physics, C. Harper, Prentice Hall, Inc.,
1976.
Aim:
To enable students understand the basic concepts of mathematical techniques to solve problems in
different fields of science, engineering, and technology.
Objectives:
1. To familiarize students with the mathematical techniques to handle problems in different fields.
2. To guide students understand how to describe a physical process in mathematical form.
3. To facilitate mastery and application of a wide range of basic mathematical methods and
techniques.
Course description: In this course, differential equations and their solutions are analyzed in detail. The
Fourier series expansion is exploited with appropriate examples. Later on integrals transform are
explained which can help to transform a physical process from one space to another. Furthermore, special
functions are presented to understand the physical applications of mathematical techniques.
L1 Introduction to differential equations

L2 First and second order linear differential equations
L3 Partial differential equations in theoretical physics
L4 First order linear differential equations, Separation of variables
L5 Exact Differential Equations, examples
L6 Linear First-Order ODEs, examples
33
L7 Separation of Variables: Cartesian Coordinates,

L8 Separation of Variables: Circular Cylindrical Coordinates
L9 Separation of Variables: Spherical Polar Coordinates
L10 Singular Points, examples
L11 Homogeneous differential equations
L12 Series solution- Frobenius’s method of differential equations
L13 Limitations of Series Approach-Bessel’s Equation
L14 Linear Independence of solutions, Wronskian formalism
L15 Formalism of second solution
L16 Series form of the second solution
L17 Examples of the second solution
L18 Non-homogeneous differential equations
L19 Fourier Series: Definition and general properties
L20 Fourier series of various physical functions
L21 Uses and application of Fourier series
L22 Integral Transforms: Integral Transforms
L23 Fourier Transforms, examples
L24 Development of Fourier integral, examples
L25 Fourier Transforms-Inversion Theorem
L26 Sine and Cosine Transforms, examples
L27 Fourier Transform of Derivatives
L28 Convolution theorem, examples
L29 Parseval’s relation, examples
L30 Momentum representation, examples
L31 Laplace Transforms
L32 Laplace Inverse Transform
L33 Laplace Transform of Derivatives, examples
L34 Convolution Theorem
L35 Inverse Laplace Transform
L36 Bessel functions of first kind and its generating function
L37 Recurrence relations of Bessel function
L38 Derivation of Bessel’s differential equation
L39 Integral representation of Bessel functions
34
L40 Neumann functions

L41 Hankel functions
L42 Legendre Function and its generating function
L43 Linear Electric Multipole
L44 Recurrence relations of Legendre Function
L45 Hermite function and its generating function, Recurrence relations
14. Electromagnetic Theory-I

Course No. PHY271
Course Title: Electromagnetic Theory-I

Pre-requisite: None
Recommended Texts: I. David J. Griffiths, third edition “Introduction to Electrodynamics”
Pearson; 4 edition (October 6, 2012)
II. Allyn & bacon Inc., Massachusetts Ohanion, H. C.; 1988: Classical
Electrodynamics.
III. Co. Lt., Singapore.Y.K. Lim; 1986: Introduction to Classical
Electrodynamics, World Scientific Publishing
IV. W.H. Freeman & Co., New York.P.C. Lorrain & D.R. Corson,
1978: Electromagnetic Fields and Waves.
V. John Wiely, 1975 Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics,
Course description:
This course describes the electric fields of charge particles at rest, the fundamental laws of
electrostatics, the methods of calculating the electric force/ electric fields due to some known
symmetries and known charge configurations. The concept of electric potential, work done in
a uniform electric field and the effects of electric fields when applied to a conducting and
dielectric mediums. The concept of energy stored in an electric field and the associated
properties are also part of this course.
Objectives:
 To understand the governing laws of electrostatics i.e., Coulomb’s law, Gauss’s law and
Poison’s equations in various physical settings
 To develop the understanding of electric potential and work done inside an electric field
 To understand the descriptions of electric field across a conducting & dielectric mediums
35

L1 The operator, Gradients, Divergence, Curl
L2 Fandamental theorem of integration
L3 Ordinary deravatives, Examples
L4 Second Deravatives, Laplacians
L5 Gausses Divergence Theorem
L6 Stoke’s Theorem
L7 Problem solutions on the related topics
L8 Spherical polar coordinates
L9 Cylindrical coordinates
L10 Dirac-Delta function and its properties
L11 Coulomb’s law
L12 Electric field
L13 Field lines
L14 Solutions of selected problems related to Coulombs law
L15 Flux and Gausses law
L16 Application of Gausses law
L17 Electric potential
L18 Problem solutions
L19 Poisson and Laplace equation
L20 Electrostatic boundary condition
L21 Work done to move a charge
L22 The energy of a point distribution
L23 Energy of a continuous charge distribution
L24 Induced charge
L25 The surface charge and force on a conductor
L26 Capacitor
L27 Laplace equation in one
L28 two and three dimension
L29 Boundary condition and uniqueness theorem
L30 Conductor and second uniqueness theorem
L31 Separation of variables in Cartesian coordinates
L32 Problem solutions
L33 Spherical coordinates
L34 Multipole expansion
L35 Monopole and dipole term
36
L36 Electric field of a dipole

L37 Dielectric
L38 Polarization
L39 Bound charge
L40 Physical interpretation of a bound charge
L41 Field inside of a dielectric
L42 Problem Solutions
L43 Electric displacement
L44 Gausses law in the presence of a dielectric
L45 Linear dielectrics
15. Data Analysis Techniques

Course No. PHY291
Course Title: Data Analysis Techniques
Pre-requisite:
Recommended Texts: 1. H.D.Young, Statistical Treatment of Methods of Experimental Physics,
Academic Press, Inc. New York & London Vol.1.
2. P. Bevington, Data Reduction and Error Analysis for Physical Science,
McGraw Hill.
3. J.B.Toping, Errors of Observations, IOP, 1962.
Course Objectives:
Evaluation of measurement, Systematic Errors, Accuracy, Accidental Errors, Precision, Statistical
Methods; Mean Value and Variance, Statistical Control of Measurements, Errors of Direct
measurements, Rejection of data, Significance of results, Propagation of errors, preliminary
Estimation, Errors of Computation, Least squares fit to a polynomial,
Nonlinear functions, Data manipulation, smoothing, interpolation and extrapolation, linear and
parabolic interpolation.
Objectives:
The main objectives of this course are:
1. Plan data collection, to turn data into information and to make decisions that
lead to appropriate action.
2. Apply the methods taught to different problems.
3. Communicate statistical information in oral and written form.
4. Plan, analyze, and interpret the results of experiments.
37
16.Lab IV PHY 292
Inverse square law Thermal radiation lab system
Studying mechanical waves characteristics Mechanical wave driver & string vibrator
Studying reflection, refraction & interferance
Ripple tank system
phenomina
Invetigating the resonant modes of a streched string
Sonometer system
Measuring the velocity of wave propagateion on string
Transfer gravitational potential energy/mechanical
Energy transfer-generator, Hand Crank Generator
energy to electrical energy
Thermal capacity and specific heat of Al, Cu and lead
Basic calorimetry set & Steam Generator
Latent hat of vaporization/fusion
Study the change in length of different metallic tubes
Computer based thermal expension
as the temperature rises
Emperically determine the absolute zero temperature Absolute zero apparatus
Verify ideal gas law
Verify gay lussac's law Heat Engine or Gas Law Apparatus
Verify charles' and boyle's laws
Stefan-boltzmanz law at low temperature Thermal Radiation System
5th Semester
17. Thermodynamics
Course code. PHY331
Course Title: Thermodynamics

Pre-requisite:
Recommended Texts: 1. Heat and Thermodynamics Mark W. Zemansky, Richard H. Dittman

2. Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory and statistical Thermodynamics,
Third edition, Sears, Salinger.
Course Description:
This course present elementary statistical concept along with examples and applications. Well
known statistical distribution like Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics, Photon statistics, Bose
38
Einstein statistics, Fermi Dirac statistics, and Quantum statistic in the classical limit are
discussed in detail.
Objectives:
1. To be able to state the First Law and to define heat, work, thermal efficiency and the difference between various
forms of energy. (quiz, self-assessment, PRS)
2. To be able to identify and describe energy exchange processes (in terms of various forms of energy, heat and work)
in aerospace systems. (quiz, homework, self-assessment, PRS)
3. To be able to explain at a level understandable by a high school senior or non-technical person how various heat
engines work (e.g. a refrigerator, an IC engine, a jet engine). (quiz, homework, self-assessment, PRS)
4. To be able to apply the steady-flow energy equation or the First Law of Thermodynamics to a system of
thermodynamic components (heaters, coolers, pumps, turbines, pistons, etc.) to estimate required balances of heat,
work and energy flow. (homework, quiz, self-assessment, PRS)
5. To be able to explain at a level understandable by a high school senior or non-technical person the concepts of path
dependence/independence and reversibility/irreversibility of various thermodynamic processes, to represent these in
terms of changes in thermodynamic state, and to cite examples of how these would impact the performance of
aerospace power and propulsion systems. (homework, quiz, self-assessment, PRS)
6. To be able to apply ideal cycle analysis to simple heat engine cycles to estimate thermal efficiency and work as a
function of pressures and temperatures at various points in the cycle

L1 Temperature and Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics
L2 Macroscopic and microscopic point of view
L3 Scope of Thermodynamics
L4 Thermal Equilibrium and Zeroth Law
L5 Thermometer and temperature

L6 Comparison of Thermometer
L7 Platinum Resistance Thermometry
L8 Radiation Thermometry
L9 Radiation Thermometry, Thermocouple
L10 Simple Thermodynamics System
L11 Thermodynamic equilibrium
L12 Equation of state
L13 Hydrostatic
L14 Mathematical Theorem Stretched wire
L15 Surfaces Electrochemical Cell
L16 Dielectric Slab and Paramagnetic
L17 Work. Quasi-static process
L18 Work in changing volume of hydrodynamic system
39
L19 PV diagram and Hydrostatics work depends on path

L20 Work in changing length of wire
L21 Work in moving charge in electrochemical cell
L22 Work in changing the total magnetization of paramagnetic solid
L23 generalized work
L24 composite system
L25 Heat and first law of Thermodynamics
L26 Work and heat
L27 Adiabatic work
L28 Internal energy ftn
L29 Mathematical formulation of First Law
L30 Concept of Heat
L31 Differential form of First Law
L32 Heat Capacity and its measurement
L33 Specific heat of water
L34 Quasi-static flow of heat
L35 Heat conduction
L36 Thermal conductivity
L37 Heat convection
L38 Kirchoff’s Law
L39 Black body
L40 Steafen Boltzman Law
L41 Ideal Gas
L42 Equation of state of a gas an ideal gas
L43 Ideal gas
L44 Quasistatic Adiabatic process
L45 Ruchaardt’s method of measuring
46 Kinetic theory of Ideal gas
47 The second Law of Thermodynamics
48 Conversion of work into heat and vice versa
49 Different types of engines
50 Kelvin- Planck statement of 2nd law
51 Clauses statement of second law
52 reversibility and irreversibility
53 Entropy:
54 Principle of Carathedory
55 entropy of ideal gas
56 TS diagram
40
57 Reversibility and irreversibility

58 Principle of increase of entropy
59 Entropy and disorder
18. Solid State Physics-I
Course No. PHY341

Course Title: Solid State Physics-I
Pre-requisite: PHY212
Recommended Texts: 1. C. Kittle, Introduction to Solid State Physics, 7th edition 1996,
John Wiley.
2. J. S. Blakemore, Solid State Physics, Second Edition, Cambridge
3. M.A. Omer, Elementary Solid State Physics, Addison-Wesley
Pub. Co.1974.
4. Introduction to Solid State Physics, C. Kittle, 7th edition 1996,
John Wiley.
5. Magnetism: From Fundamentals to Nanoscale Dynamics, J.
Stöhr and H.C. Siegmann , Springer Series in solid-state
sciences, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006
Course Description:
The course introduces the basic concepts used to characterise the atomic, crystalline and
electronic structure of crystalline solids, as well as the models that are used to describe their
thermal and electrical properties.
Crystal Structures and Crystal Geometry:
Simple crystal structure and basis crystal structure, the space lattice, Basic definitions of
crystallography, Primitive and non-premitive unit cells, Bravais and non-Bravais lattices, 7
crystal systems and 14 Bravais lattices and their classification, Some representative crystal
structures, Atomic packing factor, Miller indices, Planes and directions in crystals, Wigner-
Seitz cell, Miller indices for crystallographic planes, Crystallographic axes, crystal symmetries
(translational, rotational, reflection), Diract imaging of crystals: Scanning Tunneling
Microscope (STM)
41
Reciprocal lattice and X-Ray Diffraction:

Crystal Structure Analysis, X-rays and electrons can be used for crystal diffraction, Principles
of X-ray generation and X-ray sources, X-ray diffraction and Bragg’s law, Diffraction
conditions for x-ray diffraction from crystals (for elastic and inelastic case), Scattered wave
amplitude, Fourier analysis of electron number density, Ewald construction as a geometrical
interpretation of Bragg’s condition, Reciprocal lattice and relation between direct and
reciprocal lattice vectors, Laue equations, Brillouin Zones, FCC in real space is BCC and vice
versa, Fourier analysis of Basis, Structure factor and Atomic form factor.
Atomic Structure and Crystal Bonding:
Interatomic forces and types of atomic and molecular bonds (Covalent. Metallic, ionic), Van
der Waals bonding, hydrogen bonding
Lattice Vibrations:
Phonons, average energy of phonons, The concept of energy quantization-Black body
radiation, phonons can be created by increasing temperature (unlike fermions), Heat capacity,
specific heat capacity and molar heat capacity, Some examples of heat capacity from daily
life, Classical model of heat capacity (Dulong and Petit Law), Einstein theory of specific heat
capacity, Despersion Relations and density of states, Debye model for heat capacity, heat
conduction, Thermal conductivity: phenomenological approach, Thermal conductivity:
microscopic approach, Some examples of thermal conductivity from daily life.
Free electron theory of metals:
Free electrons, Neglecting electron-electron and electron-ions interaction, Ohm’s law and
Electrical resistivity/conductivity, Drude Model, , electrical resistivity versus temperature,
Wiedemann-Franz Law, The Hall effect and Cyclotron frequency, The problem of electrons’
contribution to specific heat capacity can be resolved by consulting Quantum mechanics, The
Pauli exclusion principle and temperature dependence of Fermi-Dirac distribution function,
Summerfeld’s quantum theory.
Objectives:
After completion of the course the students should be able to:
 Explain the basic concepts that are used to describe the structure and physical
properties of crystalline substances
 Use physical models to perform calculations of the properties of solids
 Summarise an experimental work and its theoretical interpretation in a written report
 Give an overview of an application related to the physical phenomena treated in the
course
42
LECTURE-WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE CONTENTS

Lecture TOPICS
Number
L1 Simple crystal structure and basis crystal structure, the space lattice
L2 Basic definitions of crystallography, Primitive and non-premitive unit cells
L3 Bravais and non-Bravais lattices, 7 crystal systems and 14 Bravais lattices and their
classification
L4 Some representative crystal structures
L5 Atomic packing factor, Miller indices

L6 Planes and directions in crystals, Wigner-Seitz cell
L7 Miller indices for crystallographic planes

L8 Crystal symmetries (translational, rotational, reflection)
L9 Crystal Structure Analysis, X-rays and electrons can be used for crystal diffraction
L10 Principles of X-ray generation and X-ray source
L11 X-ray diffraction and Bragg’s law
L12 The Scattered wave amplitude
L13 Diffraction conditions for x-ray diffraction from crystals (for elastic and inelastic
case
L14 Fourier analysis of electron number density
L15 Ewald construction as a geometrical interpretation of Bragg’s condition
L16 Reciprocal lattice and relation between direct and reciprocal lattice vectors,
L17 Laue equations
L18 Brillouin Zones, FCC in real space is BCC and vice versa
L19 Fourier analysis of Basis, Structure factor and Atomic form factor
L20 Atomic Structure and Crystal Bonding
L21 Interatomic forces and types of atomic and molecular bonds (Covalent. Metallic,
ionic)
L22 Van der Waals bonding
L23 Hydrogen bonding
L24 Lattice Vibrations: Phonons, average energy of phonons
L25 The concept of energy quantization-Black body radiation
L26 Phonons can be created by increasing temperature (unlike fermions)

43
L27 Heat capacity
L28 specific heat capacity and molar heat capacity
L29 Some examples of heat capacity from daily life
L30 Classical model of heat capacity (Dulong and Petit Law)
L31 Einstein theory of specific heat capacity
L32 Despersion Relations and density of states
L33 Debye model for heat capacity, heat conduction
L34 Thermal conductivity: phenomenological approach, Thermal conductivity:

microscopic approach
L35 Some examples of thermal conductivity from daily life
L36 Free electron theory of metals: Free electrons
L37 Neglecting electron-electron and electron-ions interaction
L38 Ohm’s law and Electrical resistivity/conductivity
L39 Drude Model
L40 electrical resistivity versus temperature, Wiedemann-Franz Law
L41 The Hall effect and Cyclotron frequency

L42 The problem of electrons’ contribution to specific heat capacity can be resolved by
consulting Quantum mechanics
L43 The Pauli exclusion principle and
L44 temperature dependence of Fermi-Dirac distribution function
L45 Summerfeld’s quantum theory

44
19. Quantum Mechanics-II

Course code PHY313
Course Title Quantum Mechanics-II
Pre-requisite PHY212
Recommended Texts 1. Introductory Quantum Mechanics, Richard L. Liboff, 4th Edition,
Addison-Wesley, 2002.
2. Quantum Mechanics: Concepts and Application, Nouredine Zettli,
2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2009.
3. Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, David J. Griffiths, 2nd
Edition, Pearson Education Limited, 2014.
4. Quantum Mechanics: An Introduction, W. Greiner, 4th Edition,
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2001.
5. Modern Quantum Mechanics, J. J. Sakurai, 2nd Edition, Pearson
Education Limited, 2014.
6. Principles of Quantum Mechanics, R. Shankar, 2nd Edition,
Springer Science + Business Media, Inc., 1994.
Aim:
To enable students understand the basic concepts of quantum mechanics. This is a first formal
quantum mechanics course and the idea is to teach basic quantum mechanical skills, which can later be
used in advanced quantum mechanics courses and other related fields of physics.
Course Objectives:
1. To familiarize students with the basic concepts and principles of quantum mechanics.
2. To guide students understand how to describe a physical process in quantum mechanics.
3. To enable students develop familiarity with the physical concepts and facility with the
mathematical methods in quantum mechanics.
Course Description:
This course covers the important concepts of angular momentum and its quantum mechanical aspects
in various field of physics, for instance, its role in understanding the structure of hydrogen atom. In
turn the basic concepts of the time-independent and time-dependent perturbation theories are exploited
in this course. Finally, the scattering theory is discussed in detail.
45

L1 Introduction to angular momentum
L2 Basic Properties and Cartesian Components
L3 Commutation Relations, Uncertainty Relations
L4 Eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of Angular Momentum operators
L5 Ladder Operators
L6 Spherical Harmonics
L7 Angular Momentum and Rotation
L8 Eigenfunctions and eigenvalues of 𝐿̂2 and 𝐿̂𝑧
L9 Legendre Polynomials
L10 Polar plots of Ylm(θ, φ)
L11 Second Construction of the Spherical Harmonics.
L12 Addition of Angular Momentum: Two Electrons case
L13 Coupled and Uncoupled Representations
L14 Clebsch-Gordan Coefficients
L15 Problems in three dimensions: The free particle in Cartesian
Coordinates
L16 The free particle in spherical coordinates

L17 The free particle radial wave function
L18 Spherical Bessel function
L19 The Spherical Well
L20 The Cylindrical Well
L21 The charged particle in a magnetic field
L22 The Radial Equation for a Central Potential
L23 Hydrogen Atom: Hamiltonian and Eigenenergies
L24 Laguerre Polynomials
L25 Additional properties of the eigenstates, the ground state
L26 Perturbation Theory: Time- Independent
L27 Nondegenerate Perturbation Theory
L28 The Perturbation Expansion
L29 First-Order Corrections
L30 Time- Independent Degenerate Pertubation Theory
L31 First-Order Energies, The Secular Equation
L32 Two-Dimensional Harmonic Oscillator
L33 The Stark Effect
L34 The Nearly Free Electron Model
L35 The Perturbation Potential
L36 Time Dependent-Perturbation Theory: Time-Dependent Pertubation
Theory
L37 Harmonic Perturbation, Stimulated Emission, Energy-Time Uncertainty
L38 Long-time Evolution, Short- Time Approximation,
L39 The Golden Rule
46
L40 Scattering in Three Dimensions: Partial Waves, The Rutherford Atom,

Scattering Cross-section
L41 The Scattering Amplitude
L42 Partial Wave Phase Shift
L43 Relative Magnitude of Phase Shift
L44 The Born Approximation,
L45 Determination of Scattering Amplitude using Born Approximation, The
Shielded Coulomb Potential.
20. Computational Physics
Course No. PHY351

Course Title: Computational Physics
Pre-requisite: None
Recommended Texts:
I. Introduction to FORTRAN 77 and the personal computer/

Robert H. Hammond, William B. Rogers and John B.
Crittanden.- New York: McGraw-Hill, c1987.
II. Numerical Recipes in Fortran 77, William H. Press et al.,
2nd Ed., 2001, Cambridge University Press.
III. A First Course in Computational Physics, Paul L.
DeVries and Javier E. Hasbun 2nd ed., Jones and Bartlett
(2010)
IV. Interactive Fortran 77: a hands-on approach/ I. D.

Chivers, Jane Sleighthome 2nd ed. New York: Ellis
Horwood, c1990.
Course Description: This hands-on course provides an introduction to Fortran and

computational methods in solving problems in physics. It teaches programming tactics,
numerical methods and their implementation. These computational methods are applied to
problems in physics.
In this course we will study about Fundamental of programming, Fortran character set,
Fortran Numbers (Constants), Variable names, Fortran statements, Arithmetic operators,
Flowchart Conventions, Data File, Looping and Branching, GoTo, IF, IF THEN, ELSE, Do
Statements, Program organization, Documenting the Program, Coding form, Statement labels,
Program evaluation-errors, Common Mathematical Functions, Controlling Input/Output,
Single and Double Precision, Subscripted variables and arrays, Subprograms, Edit
47
Descriptors, Computer accuracy

Numerical Solutions of equations, Cholesky Decomposition, Gauss-Jordan Elimination,
Pivoting, Gaussian elimination with back-substitution, LU decomposition and its
applications, Tridiagonal system, Iterative improvement of a solution to Linear equations,
Newton-Raphson method, Given and Householder method
Regression andinterpolation, Numerical integration and differentiation. Error analysis
andtechnique for elimination of systematic and random errors.
Random numbers and random walk, Doing Physics with random numbers,Computer
simulation, Relationship of modeling and simulation. Somesystems of interest for physicists
such as Motion of Falling objects, Kepler'sproblems, Oscillatory motion, Many particle
systems, Dynamic systems,Wave phenomena, Field of static charges and current,
Diffusion,Populations genetics etc.
Objectives
On completion of this course, students should be able to:
1. Identify modern programming methods and describe the extent and limitations of
computational methods in physics,
2. Identify and describe the characteristics of various numerical methods.
3. Independently program computers using leading-edge tools,
4. Formulate and computationally solve a selection of problems in physics,
5. Use the tools, methodologies, language and conventions of physics to test and
communicate ideas and explanations.

L1 Fundamental of programming,
L2 Fortran character set, Fortran Numbers (Constants), Variable names,
L3 Fortran statements,
L4 Arithmetic operators,
L5 Flowchart Conventions, Data File, Looping and Branching,
L6 GoTo, IF, IF THEN, ELSE, Do Statements,
L7 Program organization,
L8 Documenting the Program,
L9 Coding form,
L10 Statement labels,
L11 Program evaluation-errors,
L12 Common Mathematical Functions,
L13 Controlling Input/Output,
L14 Single and Double Precision,
48
L15 Subscripted variables and arrays,

L16 Subprograms, Edit Descriptors, Computer accuracy
L17 Numerical Solutions of equations,
L18 Cholesky Decomposition,
L19 Gauss-Jordan Elimination,
L20 Pivoting,
L21 Gaussian elimination with back-substitution,
L22 LU decomposition and its applications,
L23 Tridiagonal system,
L24 Iterative improvement of a solution to Linear equations,
L25 Newton-Raphson method,
L26 Given and Householder method
L27 Regression and interpolation,
L28 Numerical integration and differentiation.
L29 Error analysis and technique for elimination of systematic and random
errors.
L30 Random numbers and random walk,
L31 Doing Physics with random numbers,
L32 Computer simulation,
L33 Relationship of modelling and simulation.
L34 Some systems of interest for physicists such as Motion of Falling objects,
L35 Kepler's problems,
L36 Oscillatory motion,
L37 Many particle systems,
L38 Dynamic systems,
L39 Wave phenomena,
L40 Field of static charges and current,
L41 Diffusion,
L42 Populations genetics etc
49
21. Electromagnetic Theory-II
Course code: PHY372
Course Title: Electromagnetic Theory-II

Recommended Texts: I. David J. Griffiths, third edition “Introduction to Electrodynamics”

II. Reitz & Milford; 200: Foundation of Electromagnetic Theory
Addison Wesley
III. Ohanion, H. C.; 1988: Classical Electrodynamics. Allyn & bacon
Inc., Massachusetts
IV. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, John Wiely, 1975
V. Y.K. Lim; 1986: Introduction to Classical Electrodynamics, World
Scientific Publishing Co. Lt., Singapore.
Course Description:
This course describes the magnetic field produced by steady state currents, the fundamental
laws of magneto-statics, the methods of calculating the magnetic field due to some known
symmetries and known current configurations. The concept of energy stored inside a
magnetic field, the associated properties along with the effects of magnetic fields when
applied to material mediums are discussed. The properties of electromagnetic waves, its
propagations through dispersive medium are also part of this course
Objectives:
 To understand the properties of magnetic fields due to steady state currents through the
associated governing laws (Biot-Savart law & Ampere’s Law)
 To understand the magnetic fields of solenoids, toroids and the energy stored inside the
magnetic fields
 To understand the effects of magnetic field when applied across a magnetic material
 To understand the properties of electromagnetic waves in dispersive medium
50

L1 The Lorentz force law
L2 Magnetic fields and Magnetic forces
L3 Current
L4 Biot-Savart law
L5 Solutions of selected Problems
L6 The divergence and curl of B
L7 Ampares Law and its application
L8 Vector potential
L9 Magnetostatic boundary condition
L10 Multipole expansion of the vector potential
L11 Dimagetic
L12 Feromegetics
L13 Magnetization
L14 Bound currents and its physical interpretation
L15 Magnetic field inside a matter
L16 Auxiliary field inside matter
L17 Amperes law in Magnetized material, Ohms law
L18 Electromotive force and motional emf
L19 Faradays law
L20 Inductance
L21 Electrodynamics before Maxwell
L22 How Maxwell fixed Amperes Law
L23 Maxwells equation
L24 Boundary condition
L25 Maxwell’s Equations in matter
L26 Boundry Conditions
51
L27 The Wave Equation

L28 Sinusoidal Waves
L29 Boundary Conditions (Reflection and Transmission)
L30 Polarization
L31 The Wave Equation for E and B
L32 Monochromatic Plane Waves
L33 Energy and Momentum in Electromagnetic Waves
L34 Propagation in Linear Media and Transmission at Normal Incidence
L35 Reflection and Transmission at Oblique Incidence
L36 Electromagnetic Waves in Conductors
L37 Reflection at a Conducting Surface
L38 The Frequency Dependence of Permittivity
L39 Wave Guide
L40 The Waves in a Rectangular Wave Guide
L41 The Coaxial Transmission Line
L42 Einstein Postulates of Special Theory of Relativity
L43 The Geometry of Relativity
L44 The Lorentz Transformations
L45 The Structure of Space-time
52
6th Semester
22. Statistical Mechanics
Course code. PHY311
Course Title: Statistical Mechanics
Recommended Texts: 1. F. Mandl ; 1988: Statistical Physics 2nd Edition. ELBS/John
Willey...
2. F. Reif, 1965: Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics,
McGraw –Hill.
3. Francis, W. S.; 1986: Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory, and
Statistical Mechanics 3rd Edition... Narosa Publishing House. New
Delhi.
4. Huang, K.; 1963: Statistical Mechanics
Course Description:
This course present elementary statistical concept along with examples and applications. Well
known statistical distribution like Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics, Photon statistics, Bose
Einstein statistics, Fermi Dirac statistics, and Quantum statistic in the classical limit are
discussed in detail.
Objectives:
 Postulates of statistical mechanics and statistical interpretation of thermodynamics
 Methods of statistical mechanics used in developing the well-known statistics Bose-
Einstein, Fermi-Dirac and Maxwell Boltzmann.
 Selected topics from low temperature physics and electrical and thermal properties of
matter

L1 Elementary statistical concept and examples
L2 Simple random walk problem in one dimension
L3 General discussion of mean values
53
L4 Calculation of mean value

L5 probability distribution for large N
L6 Gaussian probability distributions
L7 Probability distributions involving several variables
L8 Comments on continuous probability distribution
L9 Specification of the state of a system
L10 Statistical ensemble,
L11 Basic Postulates, Probability calculations
L12 Behavior of the density of state
L13 Thermal interaction, Mechanical interaction, General interaction
L14 Exact and inexact differentials
L15 Isolated system
L16 System in contact with a heat reservoir
L17 simple applications of the canonical distribution
L18 System with specified mean energy
L19 calculation of mean values in a canonical ensemble
L20 connection with thermodynamics,
L21 ensemble used as approximations
L22 Mathematical approximation methods
L23 Partion functions and their properties
L24 Calculation of thermodynamic quantities,
L25 Gibbs Paradox
L26 Validity of Classical approximation
L27 Equipartion theorem, Application of Equipartion theorem
L28 specific heat of solids
L29 Maxwell velocity distribution, Related velocity distributions and mean
values
L30 Identical particles and symmetry requirements
L31 Formulation of the statistical problem, The quantum distribution
functions
L32 Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics, Photon statistics
L33 Bose Einstein statistics
L34 Fermi Dirac statistics
L35 Quantum statistic in the classical limit, Quantum states of a single
particle
L36 evaluation of the partition function, Physical implication of the quantum-
mechanical enumeration of states
L37 Partition function of polyatomic molecules, electromagnetic radiation in
thermal equilibrium inside an enclosure
L38 nature of radiation inside an arbitrary enclosure, radiation emitted by a
body at temperature T
L39 Consequences of the Fermi Dirac distribution
L40 Quantitative explanation of the electronic specific heat
54
23. Nuclear Physics-I
Course code. PHY352

Course Title: Nuclear Physics-I
Pre-requisite: PHY 212
Recommended Texts: 1. W.N. Cottingham, Cambridge University press 2004.
2.K.S. Krane „Introductory Nuclear Physics‟ John-Wiley (1987).
3. W.E. Meyerhof „Elements of Nuclear Physics‟ McGraw-Hill
(1989).
4. B.L. Cohen „Comcepts of Nuclear Physics‟ McGraw-Hill (1971).
5. R. E. Lapp and H.L. Andrews „Nuclear Radiation Physics‟
Prentice-Hall (1972).
Course Description:
This course consists of basic concepts of nuclear physics emphasizing on nuclear forces,
nuclear structure and interactions of radiation with matter. Topics include nuclear forces,
nuclear properties, nuclear models, binding energies, shell structure of the nucleus, the
deuteron, radioactive decays; nuclear reactions and interaction of charged and uncharged
radiation with matter and their detection.
Course objectives
1. This course will enable students to identify basic nuclear properties and outline their
theoretical descriptions
2. understand the differences between various decay modes
3. Calculate the binding energies for neucleons
4. Understand the shell model and distribution of neuclons in various shells
5. Calculate Q-values for alpha and beta decays and for nuclear reactions
6. Summarise and account for the main aspects of interaction of radiation with matter.
Lecture-wise distribution
1. Historical review; Starting from Bacqurel‟s discovery of radioactivity to Chedwick‟s
neutron
2. Basic Nuclear Structure
3. Some introductory terminology
4. Nuclear Properties
5. Unit and dimension
6. The nuclear radius
7. Mass and abundance of nuclides
8. The protons electron hypothesis of the constitution of the nucleus
55
9. Failure of the proton electron hypothesis

10. Angular momentum of the nucleus
11. Nuclear transmutation and the discovery of the neutron
12. The proton and neutron hypothesis
13. Magnetic and electric properties of the nucleus
14. Nuclear binding energy
15. Nuclear Angular momentum and parity
16. Nuclear electromagnetic moments
17. Nuclear excited states
18. Nuclear forces and the Nuclear structure
19. Nuclear binding energies and the saturation of the nuclear forces
20. Nuclear stability and the forces between nucleons
21. Energy levels of light nuclei and the hypothesis of the charged independence of
nuclear forces
22. The interaction between two nucleons
23. The deuteron
24. Nucleon-Nucleon scattering
25. Proton-Proton and Neutron- Neutron interaction
26. Yukawa‟s Theory of Nuclear force Nuclear Models
27. Liquid drop model
28. Calculation of semi-empirical mass formula
29. Shell model
30. Collective model
31. Nuclear Radiation Detection and Measurements
32. Interaction of nuclear radiation with matter
33. Photographic emulsions
34. Gas-filled detectors
35. Scintillation counters
36. Solid-state detectors
37. Cloud chambers
38. Bubble chambers
39. Charged Particle Accelerators
40. The Cockcroft-Walton Machine, Van de Graaff generator
41. Cyclotron, The frequency-Modulated Cyclotron or Synchrocyclotron
42. Betatron
43. Electron-Synchrotrons, Proton-synchrotron
44. Alternating-gradient Synchrotron
45. Linear Accelerator.
56
24. Solid State Physics II
Course No. PHY342

Course Title: Solid State Physics-II
Recommended Texts: 1. Magnetism: From Fundamentals to Nanoscale Dynamics, J.
Stöhr and H.C. Siegmann , Springer Series in solid-state
sciences, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006
2. C. Kittle, Introduction to Solid State Physics, 7th edition 1996,
John Wiley.
3. W.T. Read Jr. Dislocations in crystals, McGraw Hill, 1991.
4. C.M. Kachaava, Solid State Physics, Tata McGraw Hill. Co.
New Delhi, 1989.
5. H.E. Hall, Solid State Physics, John Wiley & Sons, New York,
1982.
6. A. Guinier & R. Jullien, The Solid State, Oxford University
Press, Oxford, 1989.
Course Description:
The course introduces the basic concepts used to study electrical, and magnetic properties of
solids, as well as the models that are used to describe their electrical, semiconducting,
superconducting, dielectric and particularly magnetic properties.
Nearly-free electron theory of metals:

Filling of energy levels and probability of occupation of states in Fermi gas, Introduction to
band theory of solids and bands formation, Nearly free electron approximation, The Bloch
Theorem, Formation of energy bands following the concept of Bragg’s diffraction condition in
crystalline metals, Formation and solution of so-called Central equation to verify the concept
of band gaps, Tight-Binding approximation, Kronig-Penney model, effective mass of electron.
Fermi Surfaces and Metals:
Concept of hole and effective mass, The Topology of Fermi surfaces, probes for the geometry
of the Fermi surfaces, the de Haas-van Alphen effect, free electron in a uniform magnetic
field, Levels of Bloch electron in a uniform magnetic field.
Defects in Crystals:
Crystal imperfections, Thermodynamics of Point defects, Schottky and Frenkel defects, color
57
centres, Dislocations in Solids, Burgers vectors, edge dislocation, Screw dislocation Slip and
plastic deformation, Stacking faults and grain Boundaries, Strength of Crystals, Diffusion and
Fick’s law
Semiconductors and Superconductivity:
Semiconductors - an introduction, Intrinsic Semiconductors, Extrinsic semiconductors, Band
structure, Energy Gap, Donor and acceptor Level, Calculation of number of electrons and
number of holes and law of mass action, Superconductivity - an introduction, zero resistivity
and Meissner effect, Type-I and type-II superconductors, BCS theory, electron-phonon-
electron interaction via lattice deformation, ground state of superconductors, Cooper pairs,
Coherence length, London equations (electrodynamics), London penetration depth,
thermodynamics of superconductors, entropy and the Gibbs free energy, Josephson effect,
superconductors applications.
Magnetism:
History, applications and revolution in society due to magnetism, Anology netween electric
and magnetic fields, calculation of magnetic fields, Atomic theory of magnetism,
Paramagnetism, Langevin theory of Paramagnetism, Ferro-magnetism, Weiss theory of
Ferromagnetism (Spontaneous magnetization), Magnetic Domains, Types of magnetic
domains, Magnetic relaxation and resonance phenomena.
Dielectrics and Ferroelectrics:
Maxwell Equations, Polarization, Dielectric Constant and Dielectric Polarizability,
Susceptibility, Electronic Polarizablity, Clausius-Mossotti Relation, Structural Phase
Transitions, Ferroelectric crystals, Classification of Ferroelectric Crystals, Theory of
Ferroelectric Displacive Transitions, Thermodynamic theory of Ferroelectric transition,
Ferroelectric Domains, Piezoelectricity
Objectives:
After completion of the course the student should:
 Understand the relation between the electron structure of crystalline solids and their
dielectric, magnetic and superconducting properties.
 Understand and use some standard models for calculations of polarisation,
magnetisation and superconductivity in solids
58
Lecture-wise Distribution of the Contents

L1 Nearly-free electron theory of metals
L2 Filling of energy levels and probability of occupation of states in Fermi

gas
L3 Introduction to band theory of solids and bands formation
L4 Nearly free electron approximation
L5 The Bloch Theorem
L6 Formation of energy bands following the concept of Bragg’s diffraction

condition in crystalline metals
L7 Formation and solution of so-called Central equation to verify the concept
of band gaps
L8 Tight-Binding approximation
L9 The de Haas-van Alphen effect
L10 Free electron in a uniform magnetic field,
L11 Levels of Bloch electron in a uniform magnetic field.
L12 Defects in Crystals: Crystal imperfections, Thermodynamics of Point

defects
L13 Schottky and Frenkel defects, color centres
L14 Dislocations in Solids
L15 Burgers vectors, edge dislocation
L16 Screw dislocation, Slip and plastic deformation
L17 Stacking faults and grain Boundaries
L18 Strength of Crystals, Diffusion and Fick’s law
L19 Semiconductors - an introduction, Intrinsic Semiconductors, Extrinsic

semiconductors
L20 Band structure
L21 Donor and acceptor Level, Calculation of number of electrons and
number of holes and law of mass action
59
L22 Superconductivity - an introduction, zero resistivity and Meissner effect,

Type-I and type-II superconductors
L23 BCS theory, electron-phonon-electron interaction via lattice deformation,

ground state of superconductors, Cooper pairs
L24 Coherence length
L25 London equations (electrodynamics)
L26 London penetration depth
L27 Thermodynamics of superconductors
L28 Entropy and the Gibbs free energy
L29 Josephson effect, superconductors application
L30 Magnetism: History, applications and revolution in society due to

magnetism,
L31 Anology between electric and magnetic fields, calculation of magnetic
fields, Atomic theory of magnetism
L32 Paramagnetism, Langevin theory of Paramagnetism
L33 Ferro-magnetism, Weiss theory of Ferromagnetism (Spontaneous
magnetization)
L34 Magnetic Domains, Types of magnetic domains, Magnetic relaxation and
resonance phenomena
L35 Dielectrics and Ferroelectrics: Maxwell Equations, Polarization
L36 Dielectric Constant and Dielectric Polarizability, Susceptibility

L37 Electronic Polarizablity, Clausius-Mossotti Relation, Structural Phase
L38 Transitions, Ferroelectric crystals, Classification of Ferroelectric Crystals
L39 Theory of Ferroelectric Displacive Transitions, Thermodynamic theory of
Ferroelectric transition
L40 Ferroelectric crystals, Ferroelectric Domains, Piezoelectricity
L41 Classification of Ferroelectric Crystals
L42 Theory of Ferroelectric Displacive Transitions
L43 Thermodynamic theory of Ferroelectric transition
L44 Ferroelectric Domains

L45 Piezoelectricity
60
25. Atomic and Molecular Physics
Course No. PHY351

Course Title: Atomic and Molecular Physics
Pre-requisite: PHY102, PHY212
Recommended Texts:
I. Concepts of Modern Physics. Beiser, A. 1987, 4th
edition. McGraw-Hill Book Company
II. Spectroscopics, Anne, P. T.; 1988: 2nd edition Chapman
III. Physics of Atoms and Molecules Bransden, B. H. and
Joachain, C. J.; 1983: Longmans, London.
IV. Quantum Physics of Atoms, Molecules, Solids, Nuclei
and Particles, Eisberg, R. and Resnick, R.; 1985: 2nd
Edition. John Wiley and Sons.
V. Lasers and Non-linear Optics, Laud, B. B.; 1991: 2nd
Edition. Wiley Eastern Limited. New Delhi
Course Description: The first half of this course deals principally with atomic structure and
the interaction between atoms and fields. It covers electronic transitions, atomic spectra,
excited states, hydrogenic and multi-electron atoms. The second half of the course deals with
the binding of atoms into molecules, molecular degrees of freedom (electronic, vibrational,
and rotational), elementary group theory considerations and molecular spectroscopy.
In this course we will study about Nuclear Atom, Rutherford’s Scattering formula, Electron
Orbits, Atomic spectra, The Bohr’s atom, Energy levels and spectra, Origin of line spectra,
Correspondence Principle, Nuclear motion, Atomic excitation, Laser, Wave function, Wave
equation, Time dependent and Time independent Schrödinger equation, Harmonic oscillator,
Schrödinger equation for Hydrogen Atom, Separation of variables, Quantum Numbers,
Electron Probability Density, Radiative transitions, Selection rules, Zeeman effect, Electron
spin, Strern-Gerlach experiment, Pauli Exclusion Principle, Symmetric and anti-symmetric
wave functions, Periodic table, atomic structure, Explanation of Periodic table, Spin orbit
coupling, Total angular momentum, LS coupling, JJ coupling, Term symbols, X-ray spectra,
Discrete X-ray spectra, Continuous X-ray Spectra, Auger effect.
Molecular bond, Electron sharing, H2+ molecular ion, Hydrogen molecule, complex
molecules, Rotational energy levels, Rotational spectra, Vibrational energy levels, Vibrational
spectra, Vibration – Rotation spectra, Electron spectra of molecules
Objectives:
Upon successful completion of this course it is intended that a student will be able to:
 Discuss the relativistic corrections for the energy levels of the hydrogen atom and their
effect on optical spectra
61
 Derive the energy shifts due to these corrections using first order perturbation theory.
 state and explain the key properties of many electron atoms and the importance of the
Pauli exclusion principle
 Explain the observed dependence of atomic spectral lines on externally applied electric
and magnetic fields
 Discuss the importance of group theory in molecular physics
 State the formal properties of groups, characters and irreducible representations
 State and justify the selection rules for various optical spectroscopies in terms of the
symmetries of molecular vibrations
 Demonstrate a grasp of bonding types in molecules

L1 Nuclear Atom,
L2 Rutherford’s Scattering formula,
L3 Electron Orbits,
L4 Atomic spectra,
L5 The Bohr’s atom,
L6 Energy levels and spectra,
L7 Origin of line spectra,
L8 Correspondence Principle,
L9 Nuclear motion,
L10 Atomic excitation,
L11 Laser,
L12 Wave function,
L13 Wave equation,
L14 Time dependant and Time independent Schrödinger equation,
L15 Harmonic oscillator,
L16 Schrödinger equation for Hydrogen Atom,
L17 Separation of variables,
L18 Quantum Numbers,
L19 Electron Probability Density,
L20 Radioactive transitions,
L21 Selection rules, Zeeman effect,
L22 Electron spin,
L23 Strern-Gerlach experiment,
62
L24 Pauli Exclusion Principle,

L25 Symmetric and anti-symmetric wave functions,
L26 Periodic table,
L27 atomic structure,
L28 Explanation of Periodic table,
L29 Spin orbit coupling,
L30 Total angular momentum, LS coupling,
L31 JJ coupling,
L32 Term symbols,
L33 X-ray spectra,
L34 Discrete X-ray spectra,
L35 Continuous X-ray Spectra,
L36 Auger effect.
L37 Molecular bond, Electron sharing,
L38 H2+ molecular ion, Hydrogen molecule,
L39 complex molecules,
L40 Rotational energy levels,
L41 Rotational spectra,
L42 Vibrational energy levels,
L43 Vibrational spectra,
L44 Vibration – Rotation spectra,
L45 Electron spectra of molecules
26. Modern Optics

Course No. PHY371
Course Title: Modern Optics

Recommended Texts: 1. Modern Optics by Robert Guenther. John Wiley and Sons, 1990 (Text)
2. Nonlinear Optics by Robert Boyd, Elsevier Science & Technology Books,
2008
3. Optics (Fourth Edition) by Eugene Hecht, Addison Wesley Publishers,
2001
4. Fundamentals of Optics by Jenkins, F A and White, H E , 4E, McGraw-
Hill, 1976
Course Description:
This course will cover physical optics and electromagnetic waves based on electromagnetic theory, wave
equations, propagation, dispersion; coherence, interference, diffraction, and polarization of light and of
electromagnetic radiation.
63
Course Objectives:
1. Students will be able to describe the basic concepts and principles of geometrical, physical and
modern optics.
2. Able to discuss the nature of light, its propagation and interaction with matter.
3. Able to describe basic optical phenomena
4. Able to discuss the Maxwell’s electromagnetic theory of light and derive simple relations from
the basic optics laws.
1. Maxwell’s equations-I
2. Maxwell’s equations-II
3. Energy density
4. Momentum
5. Polarization
6. Stokes parameters
7. Jones vector
8. EM wave propagation in conducting medium-I
9. EM wave propagation in conducting medium-II
10. Reflection and transmission
11. Law of reflection and refraction
12. Fresenel formulae
13. Polarization by reflection
14. Total internal reflection
15. Reflection from conducting surface
16. Interference of wave
17. Michelson interferometer
18. Fabry-Perot interferometer
19. Ekional equation
20. Fermat principle and applications-I
21. Fermat principle and applications-II
22. lens design and matrix algebra-I
23. lens design and matrix algebra-II
24. Geometrical optics of resonator
25. Guided waves
26. Optical fibre
27. Propagation of waves in graded index optical fibre-I
28. Propagation of waves in graded index optical fibre-II
29. Fourier series-I
30. Fourier series-II
31. Fourier integral
32. Rectangular pulse
33. Pulse modulation
34. Dirac delta function
35. Correlation
64
36. Fourier transform in two dimensions

37. Convolution
38. Huygen’s principle
39. Fresenel formulation
40. Obliquity factor
41. Gaussian beams
42. The ABCD law
27.Lab V PHY 391
Optics and modern physics M.Sc 3rd, BS 5th

52 Analize and graph spectral lines
Explore relationship b/w angle, wavelength and Spectrum tubes, spectrophotometer and
53
intensity blackbody light source
54 Studying the spectrum curves seen from a blackbody
55 Introducrion to interferometery
56 The index of reflection of air Precision interferometer
57 The index of reflectio of glass
58 Verify the snell's law
59 Verify the laws of refraction
60 Invetigating the different diffraction slit patterns
61 Dispersion and total internal reflection
62 Image and object relationships (lenses) Complete Optics System & Ray Optics Kit
63 Verify lens maker's equation
64 Magnifying power of given lens
65 Brewster's angle
66 Malus' law ofpolarization
67 Introduction to microwaves
68 Standing waves
Microwaves optics system
69 Michelson and febery perot interferometer
70 Speed of microwaves
71 Calculate plank's constant using photoelectric effect Photoelectric effect apparatus
65
7th Semester
28. Special Theory of Relativity

L1 Introduction to the subject
L2 Law of velocity addition
L3 Galilean transformations
L4 Value of speed of light from Maxwell equations
L5 Value of speed of light from experimental evidence

L6 Constancy of speed of light
L7 Concept of Ether
L8 Michelson-Morley experiment
L9 Inertial frame of references
L10 Non-inertial frame of references
L11 Synchronizing clocks
L12 Einstein’s postulates of special relativity
L13 Lorentz transformations
L14 Relativity of simultaneity
L15 Time dilation
L16 Proper time
L17 Twin paradox
L18 Examples of time dilation
L19 Length contraction
L20 Examples of length contraction
L21 The spaceships-on-a-rope paradox
L22 The pole-in-the-barn paradox
L23 Structure of spacetime
L24 Minkowski spacetime
L25 Four vectors
L26 Introduction to tensors
L27 The light-cone
L28 World line
L29 Relativistic mechanics
L30 Relativistic form of Newton laws
L31 Relativistic momentum
L32 Rest mass, kinetic and total energy
L33 Conservation of energy
L34 Energy and mass relationship
66
L35 The Doppler effect

L36 Longitudinal Doppler effect
L37 Transverse Doppler effect
L38 Comparison with non-relativistic Doppler effect
L39 Invariance of the interval under Lorentz transformation
L40 Spacelike, timelike, and lightlike intervals
L41 Lorentz invariance of electromagnetism
L42 The need for a transformation between inertial frames
L43 Conservation of momentum
L44 Relativity and electromagnetism
L45 Introduction to the general theory of relativity
29. Literature Survey and Technical Report
Course No PHY491
Course Title Literature Survey and Technical Report
Credit Hours (1 0 1)
Pre-requisite None
Recommended Texts: 1. Technical report writing today by Steven E Pauley Boston, MA:
Houghton Mifflin, 2002,
2. How to write and Publish a Scientific Paper by Robert A. Day,
(oryx Press: 5th edition June 18,1998)
3. Scientific Papers and Presentations by Martha Dan’s, Academic
Press; 3rd Edition August 10, 2012
4. The not so short Introduction to Latex by Tobias Oetike, GNU
General Public License April 2004
5. More Math into Latex by George Gratzer Springer: 4th edition;
(August 23, 2007)
Course Description:
This course provides basic ideas of scientific writing. Every part of article and thesis will be
explained with examples. It includes abstract, introduction, body of the document, conclusion
and referencing.
Objectives:
67
1. To equip students to be able research on a particular topic by selecting high quality

articles or studies that are relevant, meaningful, important and valid and summarizing
them into one complete report
2. To provide starting point for students beginning to do research in a new area by
forcing them to summarize, evaluate, and compare original research in that specific
area
3. To make students learn to not duplicate work that has already been done
4. To train students as to where future research is heading or recommend areas on which
to focus
5. To learn to highlight key findings
6. To enable students identify inconsistencies, gaps and contradictions in the literature
7. To make students learn to do constructive analysis of the methodologies and
approaches of other researchers

L1 Literature Survey
L2 Effective Scientific Writing, and its Goals
L3 Basic Principles of Good scientific Writing
L4 The format of scientific report
L5 Title and Author
L6 Abstract
L7 Introduction
L8 Results
L9 Discussion
L10 Acknowledgements
L11 Literature Cited
L12 Tables
L13 Figures and Equations
L14 Writing Research Proposals
L15 Drawing Plots
L16 Typesetting Systems
68
8th Semester
30. Nuclear Physics-II
Course No. PHY453

Course Title: Nuclear Physics-II
Recommended Texts: 1. K.S. Krane ‘Introductory Nuclear Physics’ John-Wiley (1987).
2. W.E. Meyerhof ‘Elements of Nuclear Physics’ McGraw-Hill
(1989).
3. B.L. Cohen ‘Comcepts of Nuclear Physics’ McGraw-Hill (1971).
4. L. Kaplan ‘Nuclear Physics’ Addison-Wesely (1979).
5. R. E. Lapp and H.L. Andrews ‘Nuclear Radiation Physics’
Prentice-Hall (1972).
Course Description:
This course is an extension of nuclear physics-I course. The main topics include the
radioactivity and radioactive decay law, radioactive transformation, theory of alpha beta and
gamma decay, nuclear spectroscopy, neutrino physics, fission and fusion reactions.
Course Objectives:
1. This course will enable students to describe basics of natural radioactivity and its
theoretical description.
2. understand the theory of alpha beta and gamma decay
3. Calculate the decay probabilities, decay constant and mean decay time
4. Applications of nuclear spectroscopy
5. Understanding of neutrino physics, fission and fusion reactions
1. Nuclear Decay and Radioactivity
2. The basis of theory of radioactive disintegration
3. The disintegration constant
4. The half life and the mean life
5. Successive radioactive transformation
6. Radioactive equilibrium
7. The natural radioactive series
8. Units of radioactivity.
9. Alpha Decay
10. Why alpha decay occurs
11. Basic alpha decay process, The velocity and energy of alpha particle
69
12. Abortion of alpha particles

13. Range, ionization, and stopping power
14. Alpha decay systematic
15. Theory of alpha decay emission
16. Angular momentum and parity in alpha decay
17. Alpha decay spectroscopy
18. Beta Decay
19. Energy release in beta decay
20. Fermi theory of beta decay
21. The experimental test of Fermi theory
22. Angular momentum and parity selection rules
23. Neutrino Physics
24. Double beta decay
25. Beta-delayed nucleon emission
26. Non conservation of parity
27. Beta spectroscopy
28. Gamma decay: Energetic of gamma decay
29. Classical electromagnetic radiation
30. Transition to quantum mechanics
31. Angular momentum and parity selection rules
32. Internal conversion
33. Life time for a gamma emission
34. Gamma rays spectroscopy
35. Nuclear Reaction: Types of reaction and conservation laws
36. Energetic of nuclear reaction, Nuclear reaction and the excited states of nuclei
37. The compound nucleus, Cross-section for nuclear reaction
38. Limitation of the compound nucleus theory
39. Direct reaction, Resonance reaction
40. Heavy ion reaction
41. Nuclear Fission: Why Nuclear Fission, Characteristics of nuclear fission, Energy in
fission
42. Fission and nuclear structure, Controlled fission reaction
43. Fission reactors, Radioactive fission products.
44. Nuclear Fusion: Basic nuclear fusion process
45. Characteristic of fusion, Solar fusion, Controlled fusion reactor.
70
Course No. PHY644

Course Title Advanced Semiconductor Devices
Recommended 1. S.M. Sze, Kwok K. Ng, Physics of Semiconductor Devices, 3rd

Texts: Ed., 2007, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., USA.
2. Ben G. Streetman, Solid State Electronic Devices, 4th Ed., 1995,
Prentice Hall, Inc., USA.
3. R.W. Pierret, Advanced Semiconductor Fundamentals, 2nd Ed.,
1987, Prentice Hall, Inc., USA.
4. Simon M. Sze, Ming-Kwei Lee, Semiconductor Devices: Physics
and Technology , 2012, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., USA.
Aims & Objectives Students will revise the basic concepts of semiconductors and principle
of working their devices. Students will learn about the advanced
technological applications of semiconductors.
Leture # Topic
(75 mnts)
1,2 Semiconductor Fundamentals,
3,4 Device applications of semiconductors
5,6 Overview of historical development of electronic devices from the first
transistor to nowadays
7,8 Outlook to future materials systems and possible new device concepts
9,10 Solar cells
71
11,12 Light emitting diodes

13,14 Laser diodes
15,16 Hetero junction FET - HEMT
17,18 Long-channel MOSFET models
19,20 Sub-micron MOSFET - threshold volt, sub-threshold current
21,22 Bipolar junction transistors
23 Hetero junction bipolar transistors
24,25 Tunnel diodes, resonant tunneling diodes
26,27 Wide-band gap semiconductors - transport physics and optical
properties
28 Optical devices based on wide-band gap semiconductors
29,30 Electronic properties and technologies: SiGe
31 Group III-V compound semiconductors
32,33 Advanced HBT Devices: SiGe, GaAs, InP, GaN;
35 Advanced Field Effect Devices
36,37 Hetero structure Field Effect Transistors (HFETs),
38,39 Modulation Doped Field Effect Transistors (MODFETs)
40,41 High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs)
42 Resonant Tunneling Devices (RTDs)
43,44 Single Electron Transistors (SETs)
45 Strained layer supper lattices and quantum well devices
72
32. Luminescence and Applications

Course No. PHY 674
Course Title Luminescence and Applications
Course Title:(TCH LCH CrH) (303)
Pre-requisite Nil
Aims and Objectives To have a thorough knowledge and insight about
luminescence and scintillation processes in solids. To
utilize the knowledge of luminescence and scintillation
phenomenon in various fields of material science such as
radiations detection, LED, PDPs, medical imaging, high
energy physics.
Recommended texts 1. G. Blasse, G.C. Grabmeier, Luminescent materials,
1994, Springer-Verlag.
2. C.R. Ronda, Luminescence: from theory to
applications, 2008, John Wiley & Sons.
3. W.M. Yen, S. Shionoya, H. Yamamoto, Fundamentals
of Phosphors, 2nd Edition, 2007, Taylor and Trancis.
4. A. Kitai, Luminescent Materials and Applications, John
Wiley & Sons.
Leture# Topics
1,2 Historic development of luminescent materials
3,4 Luminescence mechanism
5,6 Types of luminescence processes
7,8 Energy of optical transitions: absorption, excitation,
emission spectroscopy
9,10 Excitation sources
11 lasers
12,13 Ultraviolet light/visible light
14 x-rays/gamma rays
15 Visible light
16 Applications of luminescence
17,18 phosphors
19,20,21 Synthesis and characterization of phosphors
22,23 Phosphors for LEDs and OLEDs
73
24,25 Phosphors for PDPs

26,27 Phosphors for medical imaging
28,29 Quantum dots and nanophosphors
30,31 Scintillation and Scintillators
32,33 Scintillation crystals
34,35 Single crystal growth techniques
36,37 Inorganic scintillators
38,39 Organic scintillators
40,41 Liquid scintillators
42,43 Semiconductor scintillators
44 Scintillators for radiation detectors
45 Scintillators for medical imaging
33. Magnetic properties of materials

Course Code PHY 811
Course Title Magnetic properties of materials
(TCH, LCH,CrH) (3 0 3)
Recommended Texts 1. D. Ginoux, M. Schlenker, Magnetism fundamentals,
2005, Springer, USA.
2. R.M. Bozroth, J.E. Goldman, Magnetic properties of
metals and alloys, 1958, American society for metals,
Ohio, USA.
3. Robert M. White, Quantum theory of magnetism-
magnetic properties of materials, 1970, Springer, USA.
4. B.D. Cullity, C.D. Graham, Introduction to Magnetic
Materials, 2009, Wiley.
Aims & Objectives At the end of this course, students will be able to
understand the microscopic and macroscopic explanation
of magnetism phenomena. VArious types and magnetic
materials. Also students will be able to know about the
applications of magnetism.
Lecture# Topics
1 The history of magnetism and discovery of lodestone
2,3 Magnetic nanostructures
4 Magnetic multilayers
5 Molecular magnetism
6 Magnetostatics of currents and materials
7,8 Fundamental laws of Magnetostatics
74
9 Magnetostatics of matter
10,11 Energy, forces and torques in magnetic systems
12,13 types of materials on the basis of magnetic properties
14 diamagnetism
15 Paramagnetism
16 antiferromagnetism
17 Ferromagnetism
18 Ferrimagnetism
19,20 Magnetic properties of pure elements in the atomic sate
21 Magnetic properties of polyatomic atoms
22 Phenomenology of Strong magnetic materials
23 Isothermal magnetization curve
24 Weiss domains and bloch walls
25,26 Magnetic anisotropy
27,28 Microscopic theory of magnetism in solids
30,31 Irreversibility of magnetization processes
32,33 Hysteresis in real ferromagnetic materials
34,35 Role of defects in irreversibility of magnetization process
36,37 Brown's paradox
38,39 Hysteresis and irreversibility
40 Hysteresis in the localized electron model
41 Magnetism of free electron
42 Magnetism of bound atoms
43 magnetoresistivity
44 Hall effect
45 Transport in magnetic metals
46 Magneto transport in semiconductors
47 Shubnikov-de Haas effect
48 Quantum hall effect
75
34. Medical Physics Instrumentation

Course Code PHY 591
Course Title Medical Physics Instrumentation
Recommended Texts 1. J.J. Pedroso De Lima, Nuclear medicine physics, CRC
Press, 2010, Tailor & Francis New York.
2.Valery V. Tuchin, Handbook of photonics for biomedical
science, 2010, CRC Press, Tailor & Francis New York.
3. Alberto Del Guerra, Ionizing radiation detectors for
medical imaging,2004, World Scientific publishing Co.
Pte Ltd, London.,
Aims & Objectives The students will learn about the field of medical physics and
its applications. Students will be able to get knowledge about
medical imaging tools and devices used in medical science.
Lecture# Topics
1,2 Introduction: Medical Physics
3,4 Medical physics instrumentation
5,6 Medical imaging
7 Nanoparticle plasmonics
8 Chemical wet synthesis of NPs
9,10 Application of NPs to drug delivery and photothermal therapy
11,12 Video microscopy and tomography
13 Spectral imaging
14 Fluorescence anisotropy
15,16 Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM)
17,18 Fluorescence screening and imaging
19,20 Fluorescence molecular tomography
21,22 The FMT setup
23,24 Applications of diffuse optical tomography
25,26 Review of x-ray production and fundamentals of nuclear

physics and radioactivity
27,28 Radiopharmaceuticals: Development

and Main Applications
29,30 Methods and Measurement in Nuclear Medicine

76
31,32 X-ray computed tomography (CT)

33,34 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
35 Optical projection tomography
36,37 Positron emission tomography (PET)

38,39 single photon emission
computed tomography (SPECT)
40,41 radiography
42 X-ray computed tomography (CT)
43 ultrasound
44 Cyclotron and Radionuclide Production
45 Radionuclide for imaging
35. Physics of Thin Films

Course Title PHY643
Course Code Physics of thin films
(TCH LCH CrH) (303)
Recommended texts 1. Ludmila Eckertova, Physics of thin films, PLENUM
PRESS. NEW YORK, LONDON.
2. George Hass, Maurice H. Francombe, John L. Vossen,
Vol. 12, Thysics of thin films, Advances in Research and
Development, 1982.
3. O. Stenzel, The physics of thin films optical spectra: An
Introduction, Springer, 2005.
Aims & Objectives After completion of this course, students are expected to
learn about various methods for thin films preparation.
Also they are expected to learn about thin films used in
various fields of material sceince
Lecture# Topic
1,2 Methods of Preparation of Thin Films
3,4 Chemical and Electrochemical Methods
5,6 Cathode Sputtering
7,8 Principle of Diode Sputtering
9 Some Special Systems of Cathode Sputtering

77
10 Low-Pressure Methods of Cathode Sputtering
11 Vacuum Evaporation
12 Physical Foundations
13 Experimental Techniques
14 Evaporation Apparatus
15,16 Substrates and Their Preparation
17 The Most Important Materials for Evaporation
18,19 Evaporation Sources
20 Special Evaporation Techniques
21,22 Masking Techniques
23 Thin Film Thickness and Deposition Rate measurement

Methods
24 Balance Methods
25,26 Microbalance Method
27,28 Vibrating Quartz Method
29,30 Electrical Methods

Electric Resistivity Measurement
Measurement of Capacitance
31,32 Measurement of Q-factor Change
33,34 Ionization Methods
35,36 Optical Methods
37,38 Method Based on Measurements of Light Absorption

Coefficient
39 Interference Methods
40 Polarimetric (Ellipsometric) Method
41 Deposition Rate Monitoring Using Transfer of Momentum

78
42 Special Thickness Monitoring Methods
43 Stylus Method
44 Radiation-absorption and Radiation-emission Methods
45 Work-function Change Method
36. Reactor Physics
Course Code PHY554

Course Content Reactor Physics
1. Elme E. Lewis, Fundamentals of nuclear reactor physics
Recommended Texts: 2. Waeston M. Stacey, Nuclear reactor physics, Wiley-VCH,
2007.
3. Salomon E. Liverhant, Elementary Introduction to Nuclear
reactor physics, John Wiley & Sons Inc. USA, 1960.
Aims & Objectives After completion of this course, students are expected to learn
basic concepts of nuclear science, various nuclear reactions and
their characteristics. Also they will learn about nuclear reactors,
its types and the energy obtained from it.
Lecture# Topics
1,2 Nuclear Reaction Fundamentals
3 Binding Energy
4,5 Fusion reactions

6 Energy Release and Dissipation
7 Neutron Multiplication
8 Fission Products
9 Fissile and Fertile Materials
10 Radioactive Decay
11 Decay Chains
12,13 Neutron Interactions

79
14,15 Neutron Cross Sections
16 Nuclide Densities
17,18 Enriched Uranium
19 Reaction Types
20 Neutron Energy Range
21,22 Cross Section Energy Dependence
23 Compound Nucleus Formation
24 Resonance Cross Sections
25 Fissionable Materials
26 Neutron Scattering
27,28 Nuclear Fuel Properties
29,30 Neutron Moderators
31,32 Neutron Energy Spectra
33 Fast Neutrons
34,35 Neutron Slowing Down
36 The Slowing Down Density
37 Energy Self-Shielding
38 Thermal neutron cross Section Averages
39 Power Reactor Core
40 Core Composition
41 Light Water Reactors
42 Heavy Water Reactors
43 Graphite-Moderated Reactors
80
44 RBMK Reactors
45 Fast Reactors
37. Luminescence in Materials
Course No. PHY671

Course Title Luminescence in Materials
Course Title:(TCH LCH (303)
CrH)
Pre-requisite Nil
Aims and Objectives To have a thorough knowledge and insight in luminescent
processes in solids. Identifying coherence between
luminescence and other relevant science domains, such as
atomic and molecular physics and quantum mechanics. To
build up base about the knowledge luminescence, in order to
understand the luminescence processes and applications.
Recommended texts 1. G. Blasse, G.C. Grabmeier, Luminescent materials, 1994,
Springer-Verlag.
2. C.R. Ronda, Luminescence: from theory to applications,
2008, John Wiley & Sons.
3. A. Kitai, Luminescent Materials and Applications, John
Wiley & Sons.
4. Miomandre, Fabien, Audebert, Luminescence in
Electrochemistry, 2016, Springer.
Leture# Topics
1,2,3 Historic development of luminescent materials
4 Excitation and Emission processes
5,6 Luminescence mechanism
7 Luminescence centre
8,9 Charge transfer mechanism
10 Energy transfer mechanism
11,12 Radiative and non-radiative trations
13 Concentration quenching
81
14,15 Dieke's energy level diagram

16,17 Rare earth based luminescence
18,19 Energy level diagram of individual ion
20 Synthesis and characterization of phosphors
21,22 Up-conversion and quantum cutting
23,24 Dopant-host interactions
25 Quantum confinement and quantum dots
26 Types of luminescence
27 Photoluminescence (PL)
28 Electroluminescence (EL)
29 Cathodoluminescence
30 Thermoluminescence (TL)
31 Radioluminescence (RL)
32 Chemiluminescence
33 Bioluminescence, sonoluminescence)
34 Applications of luminescence
35 Medical imaging
36,37 Luminescence in phosphors
38 Phosphors for cathode ray tubes
39,40 LEDs and phosphors for white LEDs
41 OLEDs
42 Laser induced luminescence
43,44 Phosphors for medical imaging and storage phosphors
45 Scintillation phosphors and phosphors for radiation detectors
46 Colour perception and eye sensitivity
45 Chromaticity
82
38. Superconductivity
Course No. PHY347
Course Title: Superconductivity
Pre-requisite: Nil
Recommended Texts: 1. J.B. Ketterson, Superconductivity, Cambridge

University Press 1999.
2.T. Van Duzer, C.W. Turner, Circuits, 2nd edition,
3. Michael Tinkham, Introduction to superconductivity,
Publisher, 1999.
4. A.R. Jha, Superconductor electro-optics, electrical &
Sons, Inc., 1998.
Aims & Objectives After completion of this course students are expected to learn
about superconductivity and the theory behind it. Type I & II
superconductors with various examples.
1,2,3 Historical review
4,5 the state of zero resistance
6,7 Meissner effect
8,9 Electrodynamics for zero resistance metals
10 the critical magnetic field
11,12 the London Theory
13,14 Review of thermodynamics and the thermodynamical
characterization of a metal in the superconducting state
15 the intermediate state
16 concept of coherence
17,18 Type I superconductors
19,20 Current transport in superconductors
21,22 second-order phase transitions
23,24 Microscopic theory of superconductivity
25,26 concepts of the energy gap and Cooper pairs
27,28 introduction to the BCS theory
29,30 the superconducting ground state
31,32 long range order in solids
33,34 critical temperature and the heat capacity
35,36 quantum interference
37 the fluxoid
38 The mixed state and type-II superconductors
39 concept of the vortex
83
40 critical fields
41 critical currents
42 Normal and superconductive tunneling
43 Josephson tunneling
44 SQUID
45 superconductors applications for computers and high-
frequency devices
39. Semiconductor Devices and Applications
Course No. PHY441
Course Title: Semiconductor Devices and Applications
TCH LCH CrH) (3 0 3)
1. Werner Buckel, Reinhold Kleiner, Superconductivity
Recommended Texts: Fundamentals and Applications, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH
& Co. KGaA, 2004.
2. paul Seidal, Applied superconductivity - Handbook on
Devices and Applications, Vol2, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH
& Co. KGaA, 2015.
Aims & Objectives After studying this course the students are expected to have basic
knowledge about superconductivity and the basic theory behind it.
They will also learn about the applications of superconductors.
Lecture# Topic
1 Superconductivity
2,3 Theory behind superconductivity
4,5 Superconductivity and applications
6 Superconducting Magnetic Coils
7 General Aspects
8 Superconducting Cables and Tapes
9 Coil Protection
10 Superconducting Permanent Magnets
11 Applications of Superconducting Magnets
12,13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
14 Magnetic Resonance Imaging
15 Particle Accelerators
16 Nuclear Fusion
17,18 Energy Storage Devices
19,20 Motors and Generators
21 Magnetic Separation
22,23 Levitated Trains
84
24 Superconductors for Power Transmission: Cables,

Transformers, and Current-Limiting Devices
25 Superconductors for Power Transmission Cables
26 Superconductors for Transformers
27 Superconductors for Current-Limiting Devices
28 Superconducting Resonators and Filters
29 High-Frequency Behavior of Superconductors
30 Resonators for Particle Accelerators
31,32 Resonators and Filters for Communications Technology
33,34 Superconducting Detectors
35 Sensitivity, Thermal Noise, and Environmental Noise
36,37 Incoherent Radiation and Particle Detection: Bolometers and
Calorimeters
38 Coherent Detection and Generation of Radiation: Mixers,
Local Oscillators and Integrated Receivers
39 Quantum Interferometers as Magnetic Field Sensors
40 SQUID Magnetometer: Basic Concepts
41 Environmental Noise, Gradiometers, and Shielding
42 Applications of SQUIDs
43 Superconductors in Microelectronics
44 Voltage Standards
45 Digital Electronics Based on Josephson Junctions
40.Semiconductor Devices and Applications
Course No. PHY442
Course Title: Semiconductor Devices and Applications
Recommended Texts: 1. S.M. Sze, Kwok K. Ng, Physics of Semiconductor John
Wiley & Sons, Inc., USA.
2. Ben G. Streetman, Solid State Electronic Prentice Hall,
Inc., USA.
3. S.O. Kasaf, Principle of Electronic Materials McGraw-
Hill Companies, Inc., USA.
Aims & Objectives At the end of this course, students are expected to learn basic
concept of semiconductors. Intrinsic, extrinsic
semicondcutors, their types and doping in it to get N & P-
85
types semiconductors. They will learn various applications

of semiconductors such as switching, amplification, BJT,
JFET and MOSFET.
Lecture# Topics
1,2,3 Semiconductor Fundamentals
4,5 Intrinsic and Extrinsic semiconductors
6 Doping of semiconductors
7 Drift and diffusion of carriers
8 Generation–recombination, pn Junction
9 Forward Biased and Reverse Biased Junctions
10 Reverse-Bias Breakdown
11 Zener Breakdown
12 Avalanche Breakdown
13 Metal-Semiconductor junctions
14 Schottky Barriers
15 Rectifying contact
16 Ohmic contact
17,18 p-n Junction Diodes
19 Tunnel Diodes
20,21 Degenerate semiconductors
22 Tunnel diode operation
23 Circuit applications
24,25 Photodiodes
26 Solar cell
27 Photovoltaic device principles
28 Photodetectors
29 Light-Emitting diodes
30 Light-Emitting materials
31 LED Charcteristics
32 Multilayer Hetrojunctions for LEDs
33 Applications in Fiber Optic Communications
34 Semiconductor Lasers
35 Materials for semiconductor lasers
36 Basic semiconductor laser
37 Hetrojunction lasers
38 emission spectra for pn-junction lasers
39 Bipolar Junction Transistors
40 The load line
41 Amplification
42 Charge transport in BJT
43 Amplification with BJTs
44 Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET)
45 MOSFET
86
41. Astrophysics
Course No. PHY484

Course Title: Astrophysics
Pre-requisite: None
Recommended Texts: I. An Introduction to Modern Stellar Astrophysics,
D.A. Ostlie, B.W. Carrol, Addison-Wisley Publishing
Company, Inc., 1996.
II. Nucleosynthesis and Chemical Evolution of
Galaxies, B.E.J. Pagel, Cambridge Uni. Press, 1997.
Course Description: Astrophysics deals with some of the most majestic themes known to
science. Among these are the evolution of the universe from the Big Bang to the present day; the
origin and evolution of planets, stars, galaxies, and the elements themselves; the unity of basic
physical law; and the connection between the subatomic properties of nature and the observed
macroscopic universe.
Introduction and overview, Telescopes, Detectors, Instruments, satellites, Matter and Radiation,
Interstellar medium, collapse of gas clouds, Jeans criterion, Star formation and Stellar structure,
Nuclear reactions, Hydrostatic equilibrium, virial theorem, Stars masses, lStellar atmospheres,
energy transport via radiation and convection, atomic transitions, chemical abundances,
Properties of Stars and their spectra, Stellar dynamics, Evolution and final stages,
Phenomenology of stars, magnitudes, colors, spectra, distances, radii, temperatures and
luminosities, binaries, Gravitational, thermal, nuclear time scales. Ages of star, Metallicities,
Evolution on the Main Sequence, Stellar evolution beyond the main sequence, AGB stars, HR
Diagram, Binary Stars and Accretion Processes, Fate of Massive Stars, Supernova, types of
supernova, Degenerate matter, stellar remnants, white dwarfs, Brown Dwarf, Neutron stars and
black holes, pulsars, gamma-ray bursts, Planetary Nebulae, , X-ray binaries
Objectives:
A successful student should be able to:
1. Describe the features of objects in the Solar System (i.e. Sun, planets, moons, asteroids,
comets, planetary interiors, atmospheres, etc.) giving details of similarities and differences
between these objects;
2. Demonstrate an understanding of the basic properties of the Sun and other stars;
3. Explain stellar evolution, including red giants, supernovas, neutron stars, pulsars, white
dwarfs and black holes, using evidence and presently accepted theories;
87
4. Explain the evolution of the expanding Universe using concepts of the Big Bang and
observational evidence;
5. Use information learned in class and develop observation skills to be able to explain
astronomical features and observations obtained via telescopic observations or data
provided through computer simulations.

L1 Introduction and overview,
L2 Telescopes,
L3 Detectors,
L4 Instruments,
L5 Satellites,
L6 Matter and Radiation,
L7 Interstellar medium,
L8 Collapse of gas clouds,
L9 Jeans criterion,
L10 Star formation and Stellar structure,
L11 Nuclear reactions,
L12 Hydrostatic equilibrium,
L13 Virial theorem,
L14 Stars masses,
L15 Stellar atmospheres,
L16 Energy transport via radiation and convection,
L17 Atomic transitions, chemical abundances,
L18 Properties of Stars and their spectra,
L19 Stellar dynamics,
L20 Evolution and final stages,
L21 Phenomenology of stars,
L22 Magnitudes, colors, spectra,
L23 Distances, radii, temperatures and luminosities,
L24 Binaries,
L25 Gravitational time scale
L26 Thermal and nuclear time scales.
L27 Ages of star,
L28 Metallicities,
L29 Evolution on the Main Sequence,
L30 Stellar evolution beyond the main sequence,
L31 AGB stars,
L32 HR Diagram,
L33 Binary Stars and Accretion Processes,
L34 Fate of Massive Stars,
88
L35 Supernova, types of supernova,

L36 Degenerate matter,
L37 Stellar remnants,
L38 White dwarfs,
L39 Brown Dwarf,
L40 Neutron stars and black holes,
L41 Pulsars, gamma-ray bursts,
L42 Planetary Nebulae,
L43 X-ray binaries
42. Material Characterization Techniques

Course No. PHY443
Course Title: Material Characterization Techniques
Pre-requisite:
Recommended Texts: 1. William F. Smith, Principles of Materials Science and
Engineering, 2nd Ed., McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, USA,
1990
2. Electron Microscopy: Principles And Fundamentals, S.
Amelinckx, D. van Dyck, J. van Landuyt and G. van Tendeloo
(Editors), VCH, Weinheim, 1997.
3. Atomic Force Microscopy / Scanning Tunneling Microscopy,
S.H. Cohen and Marcia L. Lightbody (Editors), Plenum Press,
New York, 1994.
4. Electron Microscopy and Analysis by P.J. Goodhew and F.J.
Humphreys, Taylor and Francis, London, 1988
5. Principles of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry by P.J. Haines
(Editor), Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), Cambridge, 2002.
Course Description:
This course work will provide basic descriptions of a range of common characterization
methods for the determination of the structure and composition of solids. Special empesis is
given to the techniques that are used to determine a variety of magnetic properties of bulk as
well as nano structures and surfaces.
Sample preparation techniques: Physical methods, Sample preparation techniques: chemical

methods, Absorption and Transmission Spectra, UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, FTIR, Atomic
Force Microscopy (AFM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), structure factor and intensity
calculations, particle size calculation, Reciprocal lattice and Ewald sphere construction,
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM),
transmission electron microscopes, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning
89
calorimetry (DSC), Ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) chamber, preparation of ultra-thin magnetic

films in UHV chamber, Ion Sputtering, Annealing, Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES), Low
Energy Electron Diffraction (LEED), LEED pattern to calculate lateral lattice constant,
LEED-IV to find perpendicular lattice constant, Medium Energy Electron Diffration (MEED),
X-rays and magnetism: X-ray Magnetic Linear Dichroism (XMLD), X-ray Magnetic Circular
Dichroism (XMCD), Photo Emission Electron Microscope (PEEM), Scanning Tunneling
Microscope (STM), Spin-Polarized STM, Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM), Magnetic
heating using AC mag. Field in Radio Frequency, Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect (MOKE),
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), Ferromagnetic Resonance (FMR), Nuclear
Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
Objectives:
 To provide basic descriptions of a range of common characterization methods for the

determination of the structure and composition of solids.
 To determine a variety of magnetic properties of bulk as well as nano structures
Lecture-Wise Distribution of the Contents

L1 Sample preparation techniques: Physical methods
L2 Sample preparation techniques: chemical methods
L3 Absorption and Transmission Spectra
L4 UV-Visible Spectrophotometer
L5 FTIR
L6 Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)
L7 X-ray Diffraction (XRD)
L8 Structure factor and intensity calculations
L9 particle size calculation
L10 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
L11 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)
L12 Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)
L13 Ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) chamber
L14 Pumps for creating Ultra-high-vacuum
L15 Preparation of ultra-thin magnetic films in UHV chamber
L16 Ion Sputtering
L17 Annealing
L18 Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES)
L19 Low Energy Electron Diffraction (LEED)
L20 Lateral lattice constant from LEED pattern
L21 Perpendicular lattice constant from LEED-IV
L22 Medium Energy Electron Diffration (MEED) for film thickness
L23 X-rays and magnetism
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L24 X-ray Magnetic Linear Dichroism (XMLD)

L25 X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism (XMCD)
L26 Photo Emission Electron Microscope (PEEM)
L27 Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM)
L28 Spin-Polarized STM
L29 Vibrating Sample Magnetometry (VSM)
L30 Magnetic heating using AC mag. Field in Radio Frequency
L31 Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect (MOKE)
L33 Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR)
L34 Ferromagnetic Resonance (FMR)
L35 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
L36 Students’ presentation
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43. Nano-Physics and Technology

Course No. PHY445 (3-0-3)
Course Title: Nano-Physics and Technology
Pre-requisite: None
Recommended Texts: 1. Nanoscience Nanotechnologies and Nanophysics, C. Dupas
P. Houdy M. Lahmani (Eds.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin
Heidelberg, Germany, 2007.
2. Introduction to Nanoscience, S. N. Lindsay, Oxford
University Press, 2008
3. Nanoscale Science and Technology, Eds. R. W. Kelsall, I. W.
Hamley and M. Geoghegan, John Wiley & Sons (2005)
4. Edward L. Wolf, Nanophysics and nanotechnology: An
Introduction to Modern Concepts in Nanoscience, Wiley-
VCH (2006)
5. Ch. Poole Jr., F. J. Owens, Introduction to nanotechnology,
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2003.
6. Marius Grundmann, The Physics of Semiconductors-An
Introduction including Devices and nanophysics, Springer-
Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 2006.
Course Description:
To use a pedagogical approach in order to provide a grounding in all the major theoretical and
experimental aspects of this new generation of science ‘Nano Physics and Technology’ for
students preparing for a Masters or a PhD degree.
Objectives:
The main objectives of this course are to let the students think to answer the following
questions:
• How does one make a nanometer sized object?
• How do the magnetic, optical and electrical properties of this nanoscale object change with
size?
• How do charges behave in nanoscale objects?
• How does charge transport occur in these materials?
• Do these nanoscale materials posess new and previously undiscovered properties?
• How are they useful?
• The student shall learn how basic physics can be used to describe and understand the
behavior of electrons in nano-scale materials.
• The course will hopefully motivate for further theoretical and experimental studies of
electron transport in nano-scale materials.
Introduction to nanophysics and nanotechnology, What is nanoscience?, There’s plenty of

rooms at the bottom- A lecture by Feynman on nano structures in 1957, Why Physics is
different for small systems?, Quantum nature of nanoworld, Microscopy and manipulation
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tools, Making nanostructures: top-down, Making nanostructures: bottom-up, Electrons in

nanostructures, Molecular electronics, Nanostructured materials, Nanobiology, Microscscaling
laws and limits to smallness, nano fabrication, nanoscopy, Properties and application of
semiconductor nanostructures, fabrication of semiconductor nanowires and quantum dots,
electronic and optical properties, optical spectroscopy of semiconductor nanostructures,
carbon nanostructures, nanomagnets and nanomagnetism, Paramagnetism, Langevin theory of
Paramagnetism, Ferro-magnetism, Weiss theory of Ferromagnetism (Spontaneous
magnetization), Magnetic Domains, Types of magnetic domains, Magnetic relaxation and
resonance phenomena. Growth of Organised Nano-Objects on Prepatterned Surfaces, Clusters
and Colloids, Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes, Nanowire, Nano-Object, Ultimate
Electronics, Molecular Electronics, Nanomagnetism and Spin Electronics, Information Storag,
Optronics, Nanophotonics for Biology, Numerical Simulation, Computer Architectures for
Nanotechnology: Towards Nanocomputing.

L1 Introduction to nanophysics and nanotechnology
L2 What is nanoscience?
L3 There’s plenty of rooms at the bottom- A lecture by Feynman on nano

structures in 1957, Why Physics is different for small systems?
L4 Quantum nature of nanoworld, Microscopy and manipulation tools
L5 Making nanostructures: top-down
L6 Making nanostructures: bottom-up
L7 Electrons in nanostructures
L8 Molecular electronics
L9 Nanostructured materials
L10 Nanobiology
L11 Microscscaling laws and limits to smallness
L12 Nano fabrication
L13 Nanoscopy
L14 Properties and application of semiconductor nanostructures

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L15 fabrication of semiconductor nanowires and quantum dots
L16 Electronic and optical properties
L17 Optical spectroscopy of semiconductor nanostructures
L18 Carbon nanostructures
L19 Nanomagnets and nanomagnetism
L20 Paramagnetism
L21 Langevin theory of Paramagnetism
L22 Ferro-magnetism
L23 Weiss theory of Ferromagnetism (Spontaneous magnetization)
L24 Magnetic Domains, Types of magnetic domains
L25 Magnetic relaxation and resonance phenomena
L26 Growth of Organised Nano-Objects on Prepatterned Surfaces
L27 Clusters and Colloids
L28 Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes
L29 Nanowire
L30 Nano-Object
L31 Ultimate Electronics

L32 Molecular Electronics
L33 Nanomagnetism and Spin Electronics
L34 Information Storag
L35 Optronics
L36 Nanophotonics for Biology
L37 Numerical Simulation

L38 Computer Architectures for Nanotechnology
L39 Towards Nanocomputing

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44. Renewable Energy Resources

Course No. PHY483
Course Title: Renewable Energy Resources
Pre-requisite:
Recommended Texts: 1. Renewable Energy Resources; John W. Twidell and Anthony D. Weir;
E & F.N. Spon Ltd. London, 1986.
2. An Introduction to Solar Radiation: Muhammad Iqbal; Academic
Press, Canada. 1983.
3. A Practical Guide to Solar Electricity, Simon Roberts: Prentice Hall,
Inc. USA, 1991.
4. Solar Cells, Operating Principles, Technology, and system Application:
Martin A. Green; Printice Hall, Inc. USA, 1982.
5. Solar Engineering Technology; Ted. J. Jansen, Prentice Hall, Inc. USA,
1985.
Course Description:
This course provides an introduction to energy systems and renewable energy resources, with a
scientific examination of the energy field and an emphasis on alternate energy sources and their
technology and application. The class will explore society’s present needs and future energy demands,
examine conventional energy sources and systems, including fossil fuels and nuclear energy, and then
focus on alternate, renewable energy sources such as solar, biomass (conversions), wind power,
geothermal, and hydro. Energy conservation methods will be emphasized.
Course Objectives:
At the successful completion of the course the student is expected to be able to
1. List and generally explain the main sources of energy and their primary applications
2. Describe the challenges and problems associated with the use of various energy sources,
including fossil fuels, with regard to future supply and the environment.
3. Discuss remedies/potential solutions to the supply and environmental issues associated with
fossil fuels and other energy resources
4. List and describe the primary renewable energy resources and technologies.
1. Energy Scenarios: Importance of energy, world primary energy sources
2. Energy demand, supplies, reserves, growth in demand
3. Life estimates, and consumption pattern of conventional energy sources: oil, gas, coal, hydro,
nuclear etc.
4. Energy & Environment: Emission of pollutants from fossil fuels and their damaging effects
and economics impact
5. Renewable energy and its sustainability
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6. Renewable Scenarios: Defining renewable

7. promising renewable energy sources, their potential, availability, present status
8. Existing technologies and availability
9. Solar Energy: Sun-Earth relationship, geometry, sun path and solar irradiance, solar spectrum,
solar constant
10. Atmospheric effects, global distribution, daily and seasonal variations
11. Effects of tilt angle, resource estimation, extraterrestrial, global, direct, diffused radiation
12. Sun shine hours, air mass, hourly, monthly and annual mean, radiation on tilt surface,
measuring instruments
13. Solar Thermal: Flat plate collectors, their designs, heat transfer, transmission through glass
14. Absorption and transmission of sun energy, selective surfaces, performance, and efficiency
15. Low temperature applications: water heating, cooking, drying, desalination, their designs and
performance
16. Concentrators, their designs, power generation, performance and problems
17. Photovoltaic: PV effect, materials, solar cell working, efficiencies
18. Different types of solar cells, characteristics, (dark, under illumination)
19. Efficiency limiting factors, power, spectral response, fill-factor, temperature effect
20. PV systems, components, packing fraction, modules, arrays, controllers, inverters, storage
21. PV system sizing, designing, performance and applications
22. Wind: Global distribution, resource assessment, wind speed, height and topographic effects
23. Power extraction for wind energy conversion, wind mills, their types, capacity, properties
24. Wind mills for water lifting and power generation, environmental effect
25. Hydropower: Global resources, and their assessment, classification, micro, mini, small and
large resources
26. Principles of energy conversion
27. Turbines, types, their working and efficiency for micro to small power systems; environmental
impact
28. Biogas: Biomass sources; residue, farms, forest. Solid wastes
29. Agricultural, industrial and municipal wastes etc
30. Applications, traditional and non-traditional uses
31. Utilization process, gasification, digester, types, energy forming
32. Environment issues. Resources availability; digester, their types, sizes, and working
33. Gas production, efficiency; environmental effects
34. Geothermal: Temperature variation in the earth, sites, potentials, availability, extraction
techniques
35. Applications; water and space heating, power generations, problems, environmental effects.
36. Waves and Tides: Wave motion, energy, potentials, sites, power extraction, and transmission
37. Generation of tides, their power, global sites, power generation, resource assessment
38. Problems, current status and future prospects
39. Hydrogen Fuel: Importance of H2 as energy carrier, Properties of H2, production, hydrolysis,
fuel cells, types
40. Applications, current status and future prospects.
41. Nuclear: Global generations of reserves through reprocessing and breeder reactors
42. Growth rate, prospects of nuclear fusion, safety and hazards issue
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43. Energy Storage

44. Importance of energy storage, storage systems
45. Mechanical, chemical, biological, heat, electrical energy storage, fuel cells etc.
45. Bio-Physics
Course No. PHY405
Course Title: Bio-Physics
Pre-requisite: PHY102,PHY331, Zoo-101
Recommended Texts: 1. Philip Nelson, Biological Physics: Energy, Information, Life, W.H.
Freeman & Co., New York, 2004.
2. Ronald Glaser, Biophysics, 5th edition, Springer 2001
Course Description:
An introduction to the physical principles that underlie the dynamics of life from the macro to
molecular scale. The course is intended as an optional course for final year BS students. This course
will cover a broad spectrum of topics including mechanics of human body and animals, vision and
hearing of living bodies, electrical and optical properties of molecules, applications of physics
principles in medical science such as MRI etc.
Course Objectives:
The objectives of this course are
1. to explore the biophysics of signaling and movement at the cellular level
2. to introduce mathematical modeling in biophysics
3. to appreciate how biophysical measurements can be acquired and used in clinical environments
4. to explore the applications of physical principles in medical physics
1. Motion and Bio-dynamics

2. Animal Locomotion
3. Simple Pendulum, Comparison of Pendulum and animal’s legs and stepping time for an
animal
4. Human legs as a Physical pendulum, the action of forces and torques.
5. Waves and Bio-Optics
6. Wave phenomenon, Properties of sound waves and hearing
7. structure and function of the ear
8. the auditory canal and resonance in a closed /opened pipe
9. The middle Ear and the impedance matching between inner and outer ear
10.The inner Ear and resonance in Basilar fibers (Newton 2nd law of motion)
11.Optics in vision and eyesight correction
12.Properties of light refraction, reflection
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13.Thin lenses and related concepts

14.Refractive power of lens
15.Optics of the eye and vision
16.Refractive power of the eye, visual acuity
17.Pupillary diameter effects
18.Eyesight problems and correction
19.Light Absorption and Color in Bio-molecules
20.Colors in biological tissues and natural pigments
21.Pigments and simple quantum mechanics
22.Electron resonance in a linear/cyclic conjugated molecules
23.Absorption and emission of light
24.Perception of colors and photoreceptors (cones)
25.Absorption dependence on molecule length
26.Vibrational spectra
27.Electricity and Conduction in Human Body: Neurons and Nerve conduction
28.Electrical properties of Neurons, the concepts of resistance and voltage
29.Ohm’s law, capacitance, interpretation of impulse propagation
30.Electric Potential and membrane Potential, electrical circuits and cardiovascular system
31.Action potential, Ohm’s law, cable model of Axon, RC components and Axon membrane
32.Bio-Imaging: Protein structures, X-ray crystallography, and Bragg’s law
33.Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy
34.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
35.Intrinsic magnetism and angular momentum effects, chemical shift and NMR Microscopy
36.Ultrasound imaging, Tomography or X-rays computed axial tomography (CAT or CT scan),
Positron emission tomography (PET)
37.Thermodynamics and the Origin of Life: Body temperature regulation, cellular metabolism
38.Living systems and first law of thermodynamics and energy conservation, Internal energy,
Enthalpy
39.Life and 2nd law of thermodynamic, Molecular entropy and disorder, Free energy of a system,
Free energy and chemical equilibrium
40.Diffusion, Diffusion across membranes, Gibb’s free energy, Fick’s law and passive diffusion
across membranes
41.Fluid system and Human Cardiovascular system Fluid dynamics of Human circulation
42.The concepts of pressure and flow rate, the systemic and pulmonary systems
43.The continuity equation and the relation between cross-section of the aorta and velocity of
blood
44.Hydrostatics and the effect of viscosity flow rate of blood and poiseuille’s equation
98
45.Power output and work done by the heart
46.Particle Physics
Course No PHY452
Course Title Particle Physics
Pre-requisite None
Recommended Texts 1. Introduction to Elementary Particles, by David Griffiths WILEY-VCH
2008
2. Introduction to High Energy Physics 4th Edition
by Donald H. Perkins Cambridge University Press; 4 edition (April 24,
2000)
Course Description:
This course gives an introduction to the elementary particles and their properties. It introduces the
standard model and Feynman calculus. Some advance topics like renormalizations are also covered.
Objectives:
On successful completion of this course, you should:
1. Understand the difference between fermions and bosons, and how they behave.
2. Know the characteristics of the electromagnetic, strong and weak interactions.
3. Be familiar with the consequences of boson exchange in the mediation of forces.
4. Be able to use Feynman diagrams to describe interactions.
5. Understand scattering, and the role of form factors, being able to calculate the form factor
for simple charge distributions.
6. Know the quantum numbers of particles in the lowest lying multiplets.
7. Recognise allowed and forbidden processes for each of the interactions.
8. Be able to calculate the kinematics of 2-body interactions and decays.

L1 History of particles
L2 Basic concepts
L3 Classification of particles-fermions and bosons
L4 Basic fermion constituents
99
L5 Quarks
L6 Leptons
L7 Hadron-hadron interactions
L8 Cross-sections
L9 Particles detectors
L10 Accelerators interactions of charged particles and radiation with matter
L11 Accelerators
L12 Detectors of single charge particles
L13 Shower Detectors and calorimeters
L14 Examples of the application of detection techniques to experiments
L15 Invariance principles and conservation laws
L16 Invariance in classical and quantum mechanics
L17 Positronium decay
L18 Time-reversal invariance in classical and quantum mechanics
L19 Parity
L20 Chrage Conjugation
L21 Time-reversal invariance
L22 Isospin G-parity
L23 Dalitz plots
L24 Wave-optical discussion of hadron scattering
L25 Rage-pole model
L26 Static quark model of hadrons
L27 The vector mesons
L28 Electromagnetic mass differences
L29 Heavy-meson spectroscopy
L30 The quark model
L31 Weak interactions
L32 Classification of weak interactions
L33 Fermi theory
L34 Lepton-quark interaction
L35 The parton model of hadrons
L36 Fundamental interactions
L37 Unification of Fundamental interactions
L38 Re-normalizability in quantum electrodynamics
L39 Quantum electrodynamics predictions of electron
L40 Muon magnetic moments.
L41 Isospin symmetry
L42 Nuclear B-decay
L43 Decay rates
L44 Electroweak unification
L45 Lagrangian formulation of classical particle mechanics
100
47.Quantum Field Theory

Course code PHY421
Course Title Quantum Field Theory
Recommended Texts 1. Quantum Field Theory and the Standard Model 1st Edition
by Matthew D. Schwartz Cambridge University Press; 2013
2 An Introduction to Quantum Field Theory, Michael E.Peskin
and Daniel V. Schroeder, Addison-Wesley Publishing
Company, 1995
3 Quantum Field theory, Mark Srednicki , Cambridge University
Press, 2007
4 Quantum field theory in Nutshell A.Zee, Princeton University
Press, 2010
5 Modern Quantum field theory , Tom Banks, Cambridge
Course Description:
This course introduces the field concept in quantum mechanics. Relativistic quantum
mechanics is introduced and symmetries and anomalies are also discussed.
Objectives:
After completing this course, the students should be able to:
1. Give the Fourier expansions of scalar, Dirac and the photon fields
2. Explain field quantization
3. Explain symmetries and conservation laws in the Lagrangian formalism
4. Explain the Feynman propagator and Feynman rules
5. Explain regularization and renormalization
6. Calculate cross sections for simple processes
101

L1 Introduction to the course
L2 Review of basic concepts of quantum mechanics
L3 Review of basic concepts of Relativity
L4 Spin Zero
L5 Kline Gordon Equation
L6 Dirac Equation
L7 Lorentz Invariance
L8 Free Scalar field theory
L9 The Spin statistics theorem
L10 Path integral quantization
L11 Scattering Amplitude
L12 Renormalization
L13 Free Fermion propagator
L14 The Feynman rules
L15 Discrete symmetries
L16 Perturbation theory
L17 Continuous symmetries
L18 Course need currents
L20 The renormalization group
L21 Spontaneous symmetry breaking
L22 Spinor fields
L23 Gama matrices
L24 Lagrangian for Spinor fields
L25 Canonical quantization of spinor fields
L26 Parity
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L27 Time reversal

L28 Charge conjugation
L30 The Feynman rules for Dirac fields
L31 Gama matrices
L32 Loop correction in Yukawa theory
L33 Functional Determinants
L34 Spin one
L35 Maxwell equation
L36 Spinor electrodynamics
L37 Beta functions in Quantum Electrodynamics
L38 Non-abelian gauge theory
L39 Anomalies in Global symmetries
L40 Chiral Symmetry Breaking
L41 The standard model
L42 Gauge Sector
L43 Higgs Sector
L44 Lepton Sector
L45 Quark Sector
103
48.String Theory
Course code PHY422
Course Title String Theory
Pre-requisite None
Recommended Texts 1. A first Course in String Theory, Barton Zwiebach, Cambridge
University Press 2009
2. String Theory and M-Theory: A Modern Introduction, Katrin
Becker, Melanie Becker, John H. Schwarz, Cambridge
3. String Theory in a Nutshell, Elias Kiritsis, Princeton University
Press, 2007
4. String Theory, Joseph Polchinski, Cambridge University Press,
1998
Course Description:
This course introduces string theory to undergraduate. Since string theory is quantum
mechanics of a relativistic string, the foundations of the subject can be explained to students
exposed to both special relativity and basic quantum mechanics. This course develops the
aspects of string theory and makes it accessible to students familiar with basic
electromagnetism and statistical mechanics.
Objectives:
4. To understand the shortcomings of the standard model
5. To understand the idea of strings as fundamental objects
6. To be able to quantize the string theory
7. To be able to extract particle content form string theory

L1 Introduction
L2 Review of Basic concepts
L3 Special relativity
104
L4 Spaces
L5 Tensors
L6 Types of Tensors
L7 Extra dimensions
L8 Units and parameters
L9 Intervals
L10 Lorentz transformations
L11 Light-cone coordinates
L12 Relativistic energy
L13 Relativistic momentum
L14 Light-cone energy
L15 Light-cone momentum
L16 Lorentz invariance with extra dimensions
L17 Compact extra dimensions
L18 Square well with an extra dimension
L19 Equations of motion for transverse oscillations
L20 Boundary conditions
L21 Initial conditions
L22 Frequencies of transverse oscillation
L23 The non-relativistic string
L24 Lagrangian action for a relativistic point particle
L25 Reparameterization invariance
L26 Relativistic particle with electric charge
L27 Reparameterization invariance of the area
L28 Area functional for space-time surfaces
L29 The Nambu-Goto string action
L31 D-branes
L32 The static gauge
L33 Tension of a stretched string
105
L34 Energy of a stretched string

L35 Action in terms of transverse velocity
L36 Motion of open string endpoints
L37 String parameterization
L38 Classical motion
L39 World-sheet currents
L40 Light-cone relativistic strings
L41 Light-cone fields
L42 Light-cone particles
L43 Relativistic quantum open strings
L44 Relativistic quantum closed strings
L45 Relativistic superstrings
49.Cosmology
Course Code PHY425

Course Title Cosmology
(TCH LCH (3 0 3)
Cr.H)
Pre-requisite (s) None
Recommended Texts: 1. J. V. Narlikar, Introduction to Cosmology,
Cambridge University Press, 1989.
2. Peter Coles Cosmology: A Very Short Introduction,
Oxford University Press, 2001.
3. Fred C. Adams and Greg Laughlin The Five Ages of
the Universe, Simon & Schuster, 2000,
4. Barbara Ryden, Introduction to Cosmology,
Addison-Wesley; 1 edition (October 18, 2002)
Course description: We will apply the laws of physics to address some fundamental
questions: What are our origins? What is our place in the overall cosmic scene? What is time?
What is dark energy, and what the dark matter? Cosmology has recently made great strides,
106
primarily driven by novel telescopes and other observational probes. We will trace this great
story of discovery, leading us to the current frontier of knowledge. You will learn to look at
the physics behind these exciting phenomena, and make things as simple as possible, but still
capture the important effects.
Objectives:
1. To understand the basics of the subject
2. To learn about inflation and dark energy
3. To be able to appreciate difficulties with Newtonian gravitation
4. To be able to understand the theory of expansion of universe
5. To understand the theory of inflation
L1 Introduction
L2 Background
L3 Cosmology
L4 Newtonian cosmology
L5 Cosmological redshift
L6 Hubble’s law
L7 Microwave Background
L8 The Big Bang expansion rate
L9 The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR)
107
L10 Radiation domination

L11 History of the universe
L12 Isotropy
L13 Homogeneity
L14 Clustering properties of galaxies and large-scale structure
L15 Friedmann equation
L16 Difficulties with Newtonian gravitation
L17 Mach’s Principle
L18 Robertson-Walker metric
L19 Dark matter
L20 Nucleosynthesis
L21 The Early Universe
L22 Inflation
L23 The very early universe
L24 Dark matter
L25 Cosmological Principles
L26 Measurements of distances, luminosities, angular sizes, etc. in the
cosmological context
L27 The Friedman models of classical cosmology
L28 Observational tests of the Friedman models
L29 The Anthropic Principle and Dirac's large numbers
L30 Radiation-dominated expansion
L31 The epoch of “recombination”
L32 Nuclear statistical equilibrium in the early Universe
L33 Synthesis of the light elements
L34 Measurements of primordial light element abundances
L35 Baryon and lepton asymmetry in the early Universe
L36 Equation of state for inflation
L37 Fluctuation spectrum emerging from the inflationary epoch
L38 Jeans’ instability
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L39 Growth of density perturbations in Friedman models

L40 Dissipation processes
L41 Adiabatic and isothermal fluctuations in baryonic matter
L42 Growth of fluctuations and damping processes in non-baryonic
matter
L43 Gravitational, adiabatic, and Doppler perturbations
L44 Multipole expansion of temperature fluctuations
L45 Non-linear collapse of density perturbations
50.Plasma Physics
Course No. PHY481

Course Title: Plasma Physics
Recommended Texts: 1. F. F. Chen, Introduction to plasma Physics, Springer
International Publishing, Switzerland, 3rd edition, (2016)
2. N. A. Krall and A.W.Trivelpiece, Principles of Plasma Physics,
1973 (McGraw Hill).
3. S. Glasstone and R.H.Lovberg, Controlled Thermonuclear
Reactions, 1960 (D.Van Nestrand).
Course Description:
This is a first course on plasma physics, includes critical concepts needed for the foundation.
The course introduces basics plasma terminologies, the fluid description of plasma & the
wave’s generation mechanism along with the propagation properties in the framework of fluid
theory. An undergraduate background in classical mechanics, electromagnetic theory
including Maxwell's equations and mathematical familiarity with partial differential equations
and complex analysis are prerequisites.
Objectives:
 The course introduces the plasma state, provides the fundamental concepts and basic
criteria sets for plasma.
109
 To understand the fluid theory of plasma

 To understand collective modes of plasma in the frame work of fluid theory

L1 Introduction: Occurrence of plasma in nature
L2 Definition of plasma
L3 concept of temperature
L4 Debye shielding,
L5 plasma parameters,
L6 Criteria for plasma,
L7 application of plasma physics
L8 Single particle motion: Introduction,
L9 Uniform E and B fields,
L10 Non-uniform B field,
L11 Non-uniform E field,
L12 Time-varying E field,
L13 Time-varying B field,
L14 Solutions of selected problem
L15 Guiding center drifts,
L16 Adiabatic invariants
L17 Plasma as Fluids: Introduction,
L18 Relation of plasma physics with ordinary electromagnetics,
L19 The fluid equation of motion,
L20 Fluid drift perpendicular to B,
L21 Fluid drift parallel to B,
L22 The plasma approximation
L23 Waves in Plasmas: Representation of waves,
L24 Group velocity, Plasma oscillation,
L26 Electron plasma wave,
L27 sound wave,
L28 Ion waves,
L29 validity of the plasma approximation,
L30 Comparison of ion and electron waves,
L32 Electrostatic electron oscillation perpendicular to B,
L33 Electrostatic ion wave perpendicular to B,
L34 The lower hybrid frequency,
L35 electromagnetic wave with Bo = 0,
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L37 Experimental application,

L38 Electromagnetic waves perpendicular to Bo,
L39 Cutoffs and resonance,
L40 Electromagnetic waves parallel to Bo,
L41 Experimental consequences,
L42 Hydromagnetic waves,
L43 Magnetostatic waves,
L45 Summary of elementary plasma waves, Fusion, Fusion schemes
51.Principles of Lasers
Course No. PHY471

Course Title: Principles of Lasers
Recommended Texts: 1. Lasers and Electro-Optics by Christopher Davis, 2nd edition,
Cambridge University Press; 2 edition (May 12, 2014)
2. Lasers by Anothony E. Seigman, University Science Books,
Mill Valley CA (1986).
3. Nonlinear Optics by Robert Boyd, Elsevier Science &
Technology Books, 2008
Course Description:
The principles of laser operation will be discussed with reference to commonly used laser
systems. The course provides knowledge of the laser as a fundamental tool of contemporary
science and technology. The course will give a detailed and mathematical introduction to gain
media, laser cavities, Gaussian beams, and their combination into many forms of laser
Objectives:
 To understand how the design of a laser and the choice of the gain medium affects its
output characteristics
 To discuss the differences between continuous & pulsed laser systems, and the uses of
both
 Perform quantitative calculations on the properties of cavities, beams, and gain media,
and the output of simple laser systems
111

L1 wave nature of light,
L2 Maxwell’s equations,
L3 particle nature of light,
L4 characteristics of laser light,
L5 energy levels,
L6 quantum theory of energy levels,
L7 quantum theory of energy levels,
L8 radiative transition,
L9 emission broadening processes,
L10 emission broadening processes,
L11 quantum mechanical description of radiating atoms,
L12 quantum mechanical description of radiating atoms,
L13 Solutions of selected problems
L14 molecular energy levels and spectra,
L15 energy levels and radiation properties,
L16 spontaneous emission,
L17 absorption and stimulated emission,
L18 Einstein coefficient,
L19 Einstein coefficient,
L20 inversion,
L21 gain saturation,
L22 threshold requirement for laser operation,
L23 population densities,
L24 small signal gain coefficient,
L25 laser beam growth beyond saturation,
L26 laser beam growth beyond saturation,
L27 steady state laser output,
L28 laser output power,
L29 laser amplifiers,
L30 population inversion,
L31 2-level system,
L32 steady state inversion in 3 and 4 level systems,
L33 steady state inversion in 3 and 4 level systems,
L34 transient population inversions,
L35 pumping and threshold requirement,
L36 techniques of pumping,
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L37 techniques of pumping,

L38 cavity and cavity modes,
L39 special resonator cavities,
L40 Q-switching, mode-locking,
L41 types of laser types,
L42 ultrafast pulse generation,
L43 ultrafast pulse generation,
L44 harmonic generation
L45 harmonic generation
52.Applications of Lasers
Course Title: Applications of Lasers

Recommended Texts: Lasers and Electro-Optics by Christopher Davis, 2nd edition,
Principles of Lasers by Orazio Svelto, Fifth Edition, Springer

Science, New York, 2010
J.J.Duderstadt & G.A.Mosses, Inertial Confinement Fusion (John-
Wiley and Sons) 1982.
Course Description:
This course is based on the laser applications, e.g. in CD players, telecoms, industrial
processing, spectroscopy and many bioscience applications.
Objectives:
 To understand the operations of different types of lasers
 To understrand how material processing is accomplished with lasers
 To introduce with the basic fiber optic communication systems
 To introduce with the metrological and medical applications of laser
113

L1 Laser selection criteria for specific applications,
L2 applications of lasers in Communications:
L3 long distance and local area networks,
L4 long distance and local area networks,
L5 Medical applications: surgery;
L6 Medical applications: surgery;
L7 photodynamic therapy,
L8 Material Processing:
L9 Material Processing:
L10 drilling;
L11 heat treatment;
L12 heat treatment
L13 melting and alloying,
L14 Scientific Research:
L15 absorption spectroscopy;
L16 emission techniques (Laser Induced Fluorescence),
L17 emission techniques (Laser Induced Fluorescence),
L18 scattering techniques;
L19 inertial confinement fusion;
L20 inertial confinement fusion;
L21 Raman and coherent Raman (CARS) pump and probe techniques;
L22 Raman and coherent Raman (CARS) pump and probe techniques;
L23 diagnostics of excited states signal to noise ratio considerations,
L24 diagnostics of excited states signal to noise ratio considerations,
L25 laser remote sensing,
L26 laser remote sensing,
L27 Velocity and Temperature measurements,
L28 Velocity and Temperature measurements,
L29 mass flow rates;
L30 mass flow rates;
L31 Combustion
L32 Diagnostics
L33 Optoacoustic diagnostics,
L34 film thickness measurements,
L35 disbond locations business:
L36 bar code reading,
L37 alignment,
L38 range finding,
L39 gyroscope,
L40 gyroscope,
L41 gyroscope,
L42 UV light source in micro-lithography,
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L43 UV light source in micro-lithography,

L44 DVD and CD reader
L45 DVD and CD reader
53.Laser Plasma Interaction

Course No. PHY482
Course Title: Laser Plasma Interaction
Recommended Texts: 1. Lasers and Electro-Optics by Christopher Davis, 2nd edition,
2. WL Kruer, Physics Of Laser Plasma Interactions- Westview

Press (2003)
3. J.J.Duderstadt & G.A.Mosses, Inertial Confinement Fusion
(John-Wiley and Sons) 1982.
4. Akira Hasegawa, Plasma Instablities and Nonlinear Effects
(Spring-Verlag) 1975.
Course Description:
This course provides an overview of the various plasma processes which determine the
interaction of intense light waves with plasmas
Objectives:
 To analyze the electromagnetic wave propagation in plasma
 To understand the basics of laser‐plasma interaction under physical conditions
 To understand various plasma instabilities under different plasma configurations

L1 The basic concepts and two-fluid descriptions of plasmas,
L5 EM wave propagation in plasmas,
L9 propagation of obliquely incident light waves in inhomogeneous
115
plasmas,
plasmas,
plasmas,
plasmas,
L13 collisional absorption of EM waves,
L17 Parametric excitation of electron and ion waves.
L22 Stimulated Raman and Brillouin scattering,
L28 heating by plasma waves,
L31 density-profile modification
L34 The nonlinear features of underdense plasma instabilities
L38 electron energy transport
L41 Laser plasma experiments
L44 Physics of laser plasma interaction
L45 Physics of laser plasma interaction
116
55.Density Matrix Theory

Course No. PHY643
Course Title Density Matrix Theory
(TCH LCH Cr.H) (3 0 3)
Pre-requisite None
Recommended Texts 1. Density Matrix Theory and Applications, Karl Blum, 3rd Edition,
2. Quantum Statistical Mechanics, William C. Schieve, Lawrence P.
Horwitz,
3. Statistical Mechanics, Franz Schwabl, Springer-Verlag Berlin
Heidelberg, 2006.
4. Lectures on Light Nonlinear and Quantum Optics using the
Density Matrix, Stephen C. Rand, Oxford University Press Inc.,
2010..
5. Entangled Systems: New Directions in Quantum Physics, Jürgen
Audretsch, WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA,
Weinheim, 2007.
6. Quantum Statistical Mechanics: Equilibrium and non-equilibrium
theory from first principles, Phil Attard, IOP Publishing Ltd, 2015.
Aim:
To enable students understand the basic as well as the advance concepts of quantum statistical
approach to solve problems in different fields of science, engineering, and technology.
Objectives:
1. To familiarize students with the techniques of Density Matrix Theory.
2. To guide students understand how to encode information of quantum mechanical systems.
3. To enable students understand many body problems.
Course Description:
Starting with the very basics of quantum mechanical systems, the concept of Density Matrix Theory
is introduced. The density matrix is developed followed by defining the density/statistical operator in
terms of the basis states of the system. The general density matrix theory is presented for the
development of basic formalisms for the solution of physical problems in the quantum systems.
117
Furthermore, the density matrix formalisms for coupled systems are developed. The underlying
concepts play very important role when the system interacts with external fields. Finally, the
Quantum Theory of Relaxation is explained. This will help the students understand the underlying
principles based on density matrix and their relevance to practical problems.
Lecture Topics
Number
L1 Introduction to the subject, Spin States
L2 Density Matrix of Spin-1/2 Particles, Pure Spin States
L3 The polarization Vector, Mixed Spin States, Pure Versus Mixed States
L4 The Spin Density Matrix and Its Basic Properties, Basic Definitions
L5 Significance of the Density Matrix, The Number of Independent
Parameters
L6 Parameterization of the Density Matrix, Identification of Pure States,
L7 The Algebra of the Pauli Matrices, Pure and Mixed Quantum Mechanical
States
L8 The Density Matrix and Its Basic Properties, Coherence Versus
Incoherence
L9 Elementary Theory of Quantum Beats, The Concept of Coherent
Superposition
L10 Time Evolution of Statistical Mixtures, The Time Evolution Operator
L11 The Liouville Equation

L12 The Interaction Picture, Spin Precession in a Magnetic Field, Systems in
Thermal Equilibrium
L13 The Nonseparability of Quantum Systems after an Interaction, Interaction
with an Unobserved System
L14 Some Further Consequences of the Principle of Nonseparability
L15 Collisional Spin Depolarization, The Reduced Density Matrix
L16 The Coherence Properties of the Polarization States
L17 Description of the Emitted Photon, Complete Coherence in Atomic
Excitation
L18 The Reduced Density Matrix of the Atomic System
L19 Restrictions due to Symmetry Requirements
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L20 Nonseparability
L21 Entanglement, Correlations in Two-Particle Spin-1/2 Systems
L22 Two-Particle Density Matrices and Reduced Density Matrices

L23 Criterion for Entanglement
L24 Correlation Parameters and Their Interpretation
L25 Joint Probabilities
L26 Entanglement Versus Classical Correlations

L27 LOCC-Procedures
L28 Entanglement in Mixtures
L29 States with Maximal Entanglement
L30 Entropy of Entanglement, Bell States
L31 Correlations in the Singlet States, Conditional Probabilities,
L32 Entanglement and Non- Locality
L33 Bell Inequalities

L34 Quantum Theory of Relaxation: Density Matrix Equations for
Dissipative Quantum Systems
L35 Markoff Processes
L36 Time Correlation Functions
L37 Discussion of the Markoff Approximation
L38 The Relaxation Equation, The Secular Approximation
L39 Rate (Master) Equations
L40 Kinetics of Stimulated Emission and Absorption
L41 The Bloch Equations
L42 The Optical Bloch Equations
L43 Some Properties of the Relaxation Matrix
L44 The Liouville Formalism
L45 Linear Response of a Quantum System to an External Perturbation
119
56. Advanced Statistical Mechanics
Course No PHY512
Course Title Advanced Statistical Mechanics

Credit Hours (3 0 3)
Pre-requisite None
Recommended Texts: 1. Statistical Mechanics, Kerson Huang, John Wiley and Sons,
2004.
2. Statistical Physics, L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshits, Elsevier
Ltd. 2011.
3. Quantum Statistical Mechanics: Equilibrium and non-
equilibrium theory from first principles, Phil Attard, IOP
Publishing Ltd, 2015.
4. Quantum Statistical Mechanics, William C. Schieve, Lawrence
P. Horwitz, Cambridge University Press, 2009.
5. Statistical Mechanics, Franz Schwabl, Springer-Verlag Berlin
Heidelberg, 2006.
Aim:
To enable students understand the basic as well as the advanced concepts of statistical mechanics.
It provides the important relationship between the microscopic quantum world and the behavior
of macroscopic material which is amenable to experiment.
Objectives:
1. To familiarize students with the basic and advanced concepts and principles of statistical
mechanics.
2. To guide students understand how to derive and interpret expressions for the various
properties of statistical system.
3. To enable students utilize the terms and basic methods of statistical physics in various
fields of natural science.
Course Description:
The first part of this course reviews the basic concepts and laws of thermodynamics and their
potential applications in various fields. In turn it explains the kinetic theory of gaseous systems,
Boltzmann transport equation, Boltzmann’s H theorem, transport phenomena in different physical
systems.
The second part focuses on the classical statistical mechanics and its fundamental postulates and
other phenomenological concepts. It exploits the notions of canonical ensembles and grand
120
canonical ensembles, Gibbs paradox, energy and density fluctuations, and the Maxwell
construction.
The third part of this course is specified for the explanation and understanding of quantum
statistical mechanics. The main focus is on the postulates of quantum statistical mechanics,
postulates of random phases, density matrix, canonical and microcanonical ensembles, quantum
statistics of distinguishable and indistinguishable particles, Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac
statistics, etc.

L1 Review of the laws of thermodynamics
L2 First, second and third law of thermodynamics
L3 Applications of the laws of thermodynamics
L4 The kinetic theory of gases
L5 Formulation of the collision terms
L6 Binary collisions
L7 Boltzmann transport equation
L8 The Gibbsian ensemble
L9 Liouville’ theorem
L10 Boltzmann’s H theorem
L11 Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
L12 Further analysis of Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
L13 The method of the most probable distribution
L14 Further analysis of the method of the most probable distribution
L15 Analysis of the H theorem
L15 Transport phenomenon, the mean free path
L16 Effusion, the conservation laws
L17 Conservation theorem

L18 The zero order approximation
L19 The first order approximation
L20 The postulates of classical statistical mechanics
L21 Postulate of Equal a Priori Probability
L22 Microcanonical ensemble
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L23 Equipartition theorem

L24 Classical ideal gas
L25 Gibbs paradox
L26 Canonical ensemble
L27 Energy fluctuation in the canonical ensemble
L28 Grand canonical ensemble
L29 Density fluctuations in the grand canonical ensemble
L30 Equivalence of the canonical ensemble and the grand canonical
ensemble
L31 The meaning of the Maxwell construction
L32 Postulates of quantum statistical mechanics
L33 Postulate of Equal a Priori Probability
L34 Postulate of Random Phases
L35 Density matrix
L36 Ensemble in quantum statistical mechanics
L37 Microcanonical ensembles
L38 Canonical ensemble
L39 Quantum model of matter
L40 The canonical distribution in quantum statistics
L41 The quantum oscillator
L42 Planks formula for the equilibrium radiation of a perfectly black body,
Heat capacity of solids
L43 Heat capacity of a diatomic ideal gas, quantum statistics of
distinguishable and indistinguishable particle systems
L44 Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac statistics , Application of
Bose-Einstein statistics to the photon gas
L45 Application of Fermi-Dirac statistics to the electron gas in metal,
Condensation of an ideal Bose-Einstein gas.
122
57. Advanced Mathematical Methods of Physics

Course No PHY741
Course Title Advanced Mathematical Methods of Physics
Pre-requisite None
Recommended Texts 1. Mathematical Methods for Physicists, G. B. Arfken and H.
J. Weber, F. E. Harris, 7th edition, Elsevier Academic
Press, 2013.
2. Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 10th edition, Erwing
Keryszig, John Wiley & Sons New York, 2011.
3. Higher Mathematics for Physics and Engineering, H.
Shima and T. Nakayama, Springer-Verlag Berlin
Heidelberg, 2010.
4. Differential Equations with Boundary Value Problems, 4th
edition, D. G. Zill, M. R. Cullen, Brooks/Cole, Cengage
Learning, 2009.
5. Mathematical Methods for Physics and Engineering, K. F. Riley,
M. P. Hobson, and S. J. Bence, 3rd Edition, Cambridge
6. Mathematical Methods for Physical Sciences, L. M. Boss,
Aim:
To enable students understand the advance concepts of mathematical techniques to solve
problems in different fields of science, engineering, and technology.
Objectives:
1. To familiarize students with a broad range of mathematical techniques that are
essential for solving advanced real world problems in theoretical physics.
2. To enable students obtain a deeper understanding of the mathematics underpinning
theoretical physics.
3. To prepare the student with mathematical tools and techniques that are required in
advanced courses offered in physics and engineering programs.
Course Description:
This course covers a broad spectrum of mathematical techniques essential to the solution of
advanced problems in physics, engineering and other branches of natural science. Topics
123
include ordinary and partial differential equations, their solutions, Sturm-Liouville Theory of
orthogonal functions, Green’s functions, Fourier Series, Integral Transforms, Integral
Equations, Bessel Functions, Legendre Functions, and Hermite Functions, Laguerre Functions,
Chebyshev Polynomials.

L1 Ordinary differential equations, Partial differential equations, boundary
conditions
L2 First-order differential equations, Separable variables
L3 Exact differential equations, Linear first-order ODEs
L4 Differential equations in cartesian, cylindrical Coordinates
L5 Differential equations in Spherical Cartesian Coordinates, singular
points
L6 Series solutions
L7 Second solution
L8 Self-Adjoint ODEs, eigenfunctions and eigenvalues, Hermitian operators
L9 Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization, completeness of eigenfunctions
L10 Eigenfunction expansion of Green’s function, one dimensional Green’s
function
L11 Integral and differential forms of Green’s function
L12 Green’s function and Dirac Delta function
L13 Fourier series expansion, general properties
L14 Uses of Fourier series, derivation of Reimann zeta function.
L15 Integral Transforms, Fourier Transforms
L16 Development of Fourier integral, Fourier Transforms-Inversion
Theorem, Sine and Cosine Transforms.
L17 Fourier Transform of Derivatives
L18 Convolution theorem, Parseval’s relation
L19 Momentum representation, examples
L20 Laplace Transforms, Laplace Inverse Transform
L21 Laplace Transform of Derivatives,
L22 Other properties of Laplace Transform
L24 Integration of Transforms, examples
L26 Inverse Laplace Transform
L27 Introduction to Fredholm and volterra equations, examples
L28 Transformation of a Differential Equation into an Integral Equation,
example of linear oscillator equation.
L29 Integral Transforms, Generating Functions, examples
L30 Neumann Series, Separable (Degenerate) Kernels
L31 Hilbert–Schmidt Theory
L32 Bessel functions of first kind and its generating function
124
L33 Recurrence relations of Bessel function, derivation of Bessel’s

differential equation
L34 Integral representation of Bessel functions
L35 Orthogonality and normalization of Bessel functions
L36 Neumann function-Bessel functions of second kind
L37 Wronskian Formulas
L38 Hankel functions
L39 Modified Bessel functions
L40 Asymptotic expansions
L41 Spherical Bessel functions
L42 Generating function of Legendre Functions
L43 Recurrence relations and special Properties of Legendre Functions
L44 Orthogonality, Associated Legendre functions
L45 Generating function, recurrence relations, orthogonality, examples
58. Advanced Quantum Mechanics

Course code PHY701
Course Title Advanced Quantum Mechanics
Pre-requisite: None
Recommended Texts
1. Advanced Quantum Mechanics, J. J. Sakurai, Albert
Whitman & Company, 2013.
2. Relativistic Quantum Mechanics, J. D. Bjorken and S. D.
Drell McGraw Hill, 1984.
3. Quantum Theory of Many-Particle Systems, A. L. Fetter, J.
D. Walecka, Dover Publications, Inc. 2003.
Advanced Quantum Mechanics, R. Dick, Springer
Science+Business Media, 2012.
4. Advanced Quantum Mechanics, F. Schwabl, 4th Edition,
5. Relativistic Quantum Mechanics: with applications in
condensed matter and atomic physics, Paul Strange,
6. Relativistic Quantum Mechanics, W. Greiner, Springer
Verlag. Berlin, 2000.
Aim:
The main aim of this course is to help the students develop the formalism and interpretation of
125
quantum mechanics. In turn it enables the students apply the advanced concepts of quantum
mechanics in various fields to solve physical problems.
Objectives:
1. To guide student understand the advanced formalisms and interpretation of quantum
mechanics.
2. To enable students apply the formalism of quantum mechanics to real world physical
problems.
3. To provide the students deeper knowledge about the foundations of quantum mechanics
and skills of problem solution in quantum mechanics.
Course Description:
This course covers the advanced concepts f quantum mechanics necessary for the description of
physical problems in various fields of natural science. In particular, it reviews the basic concepts
of quantum mechanics followed by perturbation theory and scattering theory. The various
aspects of Klein Gordon equation and Dirac equation are described in detail.

L1 Review of quantum mechanics
L2 Angular momentum and its formalism
L3 Spherical Harmonic Expansion
L4 Rotation in Classical and Quantum Physics

L5 Rotation matrices and the spherical harmonics
L6 Addition of Angular momenta
L7 Analysis of Clebsch-Gordan Coefficients
L8 Time-Independent Perturbation theory
L9 Nondegenerate Perturbation theory
L10 Degenerate Perturbation theory
L11 Time-dependent Perturbation theory, the pictures of quantum mechanics
L12 Treatment of time-dependent Perturbation theory
L13 Transition Probability, Transition Probability for a Constant Perturbation
L14 Transition Probability for a Harmonic Perturbation
L15 Adiabatic and Sudden Approximation
L16 Transition rates for absorption and emission of radiation
126
L17 Spontaneous emission, examples

L18 Scattering theory, scattering and cross section
L19 Scattering amplitude of spinless particles
L20 Scattering amplitude and different cross section
L21 Green function in scattering theory
L22 Analysis of Born Approximation
L23 Partial Wave Analysis
L24 Partial Wave Analysis for Inelastic Scattering
L25 Introduction and analysis of Klein Gordon equation
L26 Solutions of Klein Gordon equation
L27 Interpretation of Solutions to Klein Gordon equation
L28 Implications of Klein Gordon equation
L29 Relativistic quantum mechanics of spin ½ particles
L30 probability conservation in relativistic quantum mechanics
L31 The Dirac equation, simple solutions
L32 Non relativistic approximations, plane waves
L33 Relativistic covariance, bilinear covariants
L34 The Dirac operators in the Heisenberg representation
L35 Zitterbewegung and negative-energy solutions
L36 Hole theory and charge conjugation
L37 Quantization of the Dirac field
L38 Covariant perturbation theory
L39 S-matrix expansion in the interaction representation
L40 First-order processes, Mott scattering and hyperon decay
L41 Two-photon annihilation and Compton scattering
L42 Two-photon annihilation and Compton scattering
L43 The electron propagator, Mass and charge renormalization radioactive
corrections
L44 Greens functions and field theory (fermions), pictures, Green’s functions
L45 Wicks’s theorem, diagrammatic analysis of perturbation theory
127
59. Advanced Computational Physics
Course code: PHY562

Course Title: Advanced Computational Physics
Pre-requisite: None
Recommended I. Computational Methods for Physics; Joel
Texts: Franklin Cambridge University Press (2013).
II. Numerical Methods for Physics; Alejandro L.
Garcia second edition, Prentice Hall (2000).
III. Computation in Modern Physics; William Gibbs
World Scientific (2006), third edition.
IV. Theory of computation; Walter S Brainerd
McGraw Hill 1998.
V. Equations, models and Programs A
Mathematical Introduction to computer science;
Thomas J. Myres McGraw Hill 1999.
VI. Mathematical Programming Optimization
Models; MikWismewski, Ton Additson Wisley
1999.
Course Description: This hands-on course provides an introduction to computational

methods in solving problems in physics. It teaches programming tactics, numerical
methods and their implementation, together with methods of linear algebra. These
computational methods are applied to problems in physics, including the modelling of
classical physical systems to quantum systems, as well as to data analysis such as linear
and nonlinear fits to data sets. Applications of high performance computing are included
where possible, such as an introduction to parallel computing and also to visualization
techniques.
Finite difference, Interpolation formulae, difference quotients, finite differences in two
dimensions, sample applications. Linear Algebra ,Exact methods , iterative methods,
eigen values and eigen vectors , sample applications, stochastic, Equidistributed random
variants, other distributions, random sequences, Ordinary differential equations, initial
value problems of second order, boundary values problems, partial differential equations,
128
initial value problems( hyperbolic), initial value problems(parabolic), boundary value

problems, elliptic differential equation, Discrete Fourier transform, Fast Fourier
transform, Hough transform. Simulation and statistical mechanics ; Model systems of
statistical mechanics, Monte Carlo method, molecular dynamics simulation, evaluation of
simulation experiments , particles and field , stochastic dynamics, Quantum Mechanical
simulation; The diffusion Monte Carlo, path integral Monte Carlo, wave packet dynamics,
density functional molecular dynamics, Hydrodynamics, modeling equations in
aerodynamics, Some computational example, Simulation of phonon dispersion curves and
density of states, electron energy bands in a one-dimensional periodic potential, computer
simulation of hot electron behavior in semiconductors, computational study of diffraction
by microcrystalline and amorphous bodies. Computer assisted tutorial in perturbation
theory, spherical Bessel functions Legendary function Spherical Harmonics Annular
Momentum Ladder Operators Legend ere/ function of the second kind, special functions
Hermit functions Laguerre functions, Fourier series Applications of Fourier series, Gibbs
Phenomenon Discrete Orthogonality and Discrete Fourier Transform Convolution.
Theorem Lap lace Transform of derivatives Integral Equations, Greens Function one
Dimension Two and three Dimensions Calculus of variations Applications of Euler
equation Lagrange Multipliers Rayleigh-Rits Variation Techniques.
Objectives:
 The specific objectives of the course are:
 To teach through direct experience the use of high performance computers in
thinking creatively and solving problems in physical science.
 To advance the development and organization of thinking about physical systems
in a manner compatible with advanced computational analysis.
 To visualize numerical solutions in highly interpretable forms.
 To instill attitudes of independence, personal communication, and organization, all
of which are essential for mastery of complex systems.
 To understand physical systems at a level often encountered only in a research
environment.
 To use programming to deepen the understanding of physical systems.

L1 Finite difference,
L2 Interpolation formulae,
L3 Difference quotients,
L4 Finite differences in two dimensions,
L5 Sample applications.
L6 Linear Algebra ,
L7 Exact methods,
L8 Iterative methods,
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L9 Eigen values and eigen vectors ,

L10 Sample applications, stochastic ,
L11 Equidistributed random variants, other distributions ,
L12 Random sequences,
L13 Ordinary differential equations,
L14 Initial value problems of second order,
L15 Boundary values problems,
L16 Partial differential equations,
L17 Initial value problems( hyperbolic),
L18 Initial value problems(parabolic),
L19 Boundary value problems,
L20 Elliptic differential equation,
L21 Discrete Fourier transform,
L22 Fast Fourier transform,
L23 Hough transform,
L24 Simulation and statistical mechanics,
L25 Model systems of statistical mechanics,
L26 Monte Carlo method,
L27 Molecular dynamics simulation,
L28 Evaluation of simulation experiments ,
L29 Particles and field,
L30 Stochastic dynamics,
L31 Quantum Mechanical simulation;
L32 The diffusion Monte Carlo,
L33 Path integral Monte Carlo,
L34 Wave packet dynamics,
L35 Density functional molecular dynamics,
L36 Hydrodynamics,
L37 Modelling equations in aerodynamics,
L38 Some computational example ,
L39 Simulation of phonon dispersion curves and density of states,
L40 Electron energy bands in a one-dimensional periodic potential,
L41 Computer simulation of hot electron behaviour in semiconductors,
L42 Computational study of diffraction by microcrystalline and
amorphous bodies,
L43 Computer assisted tutorial in perturbation theory,
L44 Spherical Bessel functions
L45 Legendary function
130
60. Advance Atomic and Molecular Physics

Course code. PHY551
Course Title: Advance Atomic and Molecular Physics
Pre-requisite: None
Recommended Texts: I. Quantum theory of atomic structure, Vol 1 ; J.C.
Slater , Mc-Graw Hill Book New York 1988.
II. Spectra of diatomic molecules; C. Herzberg, 2nd
edition, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. London 1987.
III. Atomic Physics; J.B Rajam S. Chand & Company
2000.
Course Description:
Course Objectives: On completion of the course,the student shall have advanced knowledge of
modern atomic and molecular physics including quantum mechanical computational techniques in
order to
 Master both experimental and theoretical working methods in atomic and

molecular physics for making correct evaluations and judgments
 Carry out experimental and theoretical studies on atoms and molecules, with focus
on the structure and dynamics of atoms and molecules
 Account for theoretical models, terminology and working methods used in atomic
and molecular physics
 Handle relevant experimental equipment and evaluate the experimental results

obtained
Historical developments in atomic spectra, Classification of series in Hydrogen, Alkali

metals and periodic table. The vector model of the atom, multiplets in complex spectra,
The Russell Saunders coupling scheme, Lande theory of multiplet separation and the
Zeeman effect. General theory of multiple structure. Elementary theory of multiplets,
131
Matrix components of the Hamiltonian for the central field problem. Energy values for
simple multiplets, Closed shells and average energies, the average energy of a
configuration. Formulation of multiplet calculations in terms of average energy. Rotation
and vibration of diatomic molecules, The rigid rotator, The harmonic oscillator, The
Raman spectrum of the rigid rotator and the harmonic oscillator. An harmonic oscillator,
The symmetric top, Thermal distribution of quantum states, symmetry properties of the
rotational level, The electronic states and electronic transitions, electronic energy and
total energy. Vibrational structure of electronic transitions, rotational structure of
electronic bands.

L2 Historical developments in atomic spectra
L3 Classification of series in Hydrogen
L4 Alkali metals and periodic table
L5 The vector model of the atom
L6 multiplets in complex spectra
L7 the Russell Saunders coupling scheme
L8 Landes theory of multiplet separation and the Zeema effect
L9 General theory of multiple structure.
L10 Elementary theory of multiplets
L11 Matrix components of the Hamiltonion for the central field problem
L12 Energy values for simple multiplets
L13 Closed shells and average energies
L14 the average energy of a configuration
L15 Formulation of multiplet calculations in terms of average energy
L16 Rotation and vibration of diatomic molecules
L17 The rigid rotator
L18 the harmonic oscillator
L19 the Raman spectrum of the rigid rotator and the harmonic oscillator
L20 An harmonic oscillator
L21 the symmetric top
L22 Thermal distribution of quantum states
L23 symmetry properties of the rotational level
L24 The electronic states and electronic transitions
L25 electronic energy and total energy
L26 Vibrational structure of electronic transitions
L27 rotational structure of electronic bands
132
61. Theory of Atomic Collisions

Course code. PHY552
Course Title: Theory of Atomic Collisions
Pre-requisite:
Recommended Texts: I. Physics of atomic collisions; J.B. Hasted, Butter
worths London 1984.
II. Atomic and molecular collisions; H.S.W. Massey,
Taylor and Francis, London, 1979.
III. Theory of Atomic collision; mott N F and Massey,
Oxford press 1989.
Course Description:
Course Objectives:
Collisions, Populations, Energy Distribution, Theoretical Background-Classical and
Quantum, The Experimental Methods Employed in collision Physics, The Elastic
Scattering of Electrons in Gases, Excitation of Atoms and Molecules by Electrons ,
ionization by Electrons, Positive Ion recombination, Electron Attachment and
Detachment , photon Emission and Absorption, elastic Collisions between Atomic
Particles, Ionization and Excitation by Atomic Particles, Charge transfer processes,
Collisions of Excited Atoms and Molecules, Ion-Atom Interchange.

L2 Collisions
L3 Populations
L4 Energy Distribution
L5 Theoretical Background-Classical and Quantum
L6 The Experimental Methods Employed in collision Physics,
L7 The Elastic Scattering of Electrons in Gases
L8 Excitation of Atoms and Molecules by Electrons
L9 ionization by Electrons
L10 Positive Ion recombination
133
L11 Electron Attachment and Detachment

L12 photon Emission and Absorption
L13 elastic Collisions between Atomic Particles
L14 Ionization and Excitation by Atomic Particles
L15 Charge transfer processes
L16 Collisions of Excited Atoms and Molecules
L17 Ion-Atom Interchange
62. Experimental Techniques in Atomic Collisions

Course code. PHY693
Course Title: Experimental Techniques in Atomic Collisions
Pre-requisite:
Recommended Texts: I. Physics of atomic collisions; J.B. Hasted, Butter
Worths London 1984.
II. Atomic and molecular collisions; Mott N.F and
Massey, Taylor and Francis, London, 1979.
III. Theory of Atomic collisions; Mott N.F and
Massy,Oxford press 1989.
Course Description:
Course Objectives:
The experimental methods employed in collision physics, Sources of atomic and molecular
beams, Sources of atomic hydrogen and similar beams. Source of electron and source of
photons in visible and Ultraviolet. Sources of ions, sources of excited atoms and molecules.
Velocity selection of atomic and molecular beams, velocity selection of electrons. Detection
and wavelength measurements of photons. Velocity and mass selection of ions, Detection
and counting of and fast nuterals. Detection of atomic and molecular beams, Detection of
metastable atoms and molecules, some relevant vacuum problems, The use of quadropole
fields, Experimental methods of charge transfer measurements, ion atom interchange, Mass
spectrometer source experiments, Ion atom interchange experiments at thermal energies.

L2 The experimental methods employed in collision physics
L3 Sources of atomic and molecular beams
L4 Sources of atomic hydrogen and similar beams
L5 Source of electron and source of photons in visible and Ultraviolet
L6 Sources of ions
L7 Sources of excited atoms and molecules
134
L8 Velocity selection of atomic and molecular beams

L9 Velocity selection of electrons
L10 Detection and wavelength measurements of photons
L11 Velocity and mass selection of ions
L12 Detection and counting of and fast nuterals
L13 Detection of atomic and molecular beams
L14 Detection of metastable atoms and molecules
L15 Some relevant vacuum problems
L16 The use of quadropole fields
L17 Experimental methods of charge transfer measurements
L18 Ion atom interchange
L19 Mass spectrometer source experiments
L20 Ion atom interchange experiments at thermal energies
63. Signal Processing
Course code. PHY625

Course Title: Signal Processing
Pre-requisite: None
Recommended Texts: I. Digital Signal Processing. 4th ed. Upper Saddle
River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2006.
II. Digital Signal Processing: System Analysis and
Design by Paulo S.R. Dinz 2002.
III. Advanced Digital Signal Processing, John G Proakis
Maxwell Macchmillan International 1999.
Course Description: This course is designed to provide students with a comprehensive
treatment of the important issues in design, implementation and applications of digital signal
processing concepts and algorithms. The focus of this course is to introduce you to the
fundamental concepts of and techniques used in both analogue and digital signal processing
(ASP and DSP) which are areas of interest if you are studying any program relating to
electronic, communication and/or computer engineering.
Course Objectives: This course contributes in the areas:
 This course provides an introduction to digital signal processing.
 In this course, a detailed examination of basic digital signal processing operations
including sampling/reconstruction of continuous time signals, Fourier and Z-
transforms will be given.
 The Fourier and Z-transforms will be used to analyze the stability of systems and to
find the system transfer function.
 The discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and fast Fourier transform (FFT) will be studied.
135
 We will examine time and frequency domain techniques for designing and applying
infinite impulse response (IIR) and finite impulse response digital (FIR) filters.
 The software MATLAB will be integrated into this course and software simulations of
common systems will be implemented in MATLAB.
Characterization of signals, Characterization of Linear Time Invariant system. Sampling of
signals in time and frequency , Algorithm for Convolution and DFT, Multirate Digital signals
, Applications of Multirate signals processing , Linear Prediction and Optimum Linear Filters,
Least Squares Methods for system modeling and Filter Design, Adaptive Filters, Recursive
least Squares Algorithms for Array Signal Processing ,Power Spectrum Estimation , Signal
Analysis with Higher Order Spectra.

L2 Characterization of signals
L3 Characterization of Linear Time Invariant system
L4 Sampling of signals in time and frequency
L5 Algorithm for Convolution and DFT
L6 Multirate Digital signals
L7 Applications of Multirate signals processing
L8 Linear Prediction and Optimum Linear Filters
L9 Least Squares Methods for system modelling and Filter Design
L10 Adaptive Filters
L11 Recursive least Squares Algorithms for Array Signal Processing
L12 Power Spectrum Estimation
L13 Signal Analysis with Higher Order Spectra
L14 The Fourier series and transform
L15 Periodic input functions — the Fourier series
Aperiodic input functions — the Fourier transform
L16 Review of development of Fourier transform and relationship between
the frequency response and the impulse response.
L17 The one-sided Laplace transform. The transfer function
L18 Poles and zeros of the transfer function, Frequency response and the
pole-zero plot
L19 Poles and zeros of filter classes, Low-pass filter design
L20 Second-order filter sections, Transformation of low-pass filters to other
classes
L21 Introduction to discrete-time signal processing, The sampling Theory
L22 The discrete Fourier transform (DFT)
L23 The fast Fourier transform (FFT)
L24 Introduction to time-domain digital signal processing
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L25 The discrete-time convolution sum. The z-transform

L26 The discrete-time transfer function, The transfer function and the
difference equation
L27 Introduction to z-plane stability criteria, The Inverse z-Transform
L28 Frequency response and poles and zeros, FIR low-pass filter design
L29 FIR low-pass filter design by windowing, Window FIR filters or other
filter types,
The zeros of a linear phase FIR filter
L30 Frequency-sampling filters, FIR filter design using optimization
L31 FFT convolution for FIR filters
L32 The design of IIR filters
L33 Direct-form filter structures, Transversal FIR structure
L34 IIR direct form structures, Transposed direct forms
L35 Interpolation and decimation, Introduction to random signals
L36 The correlation functions
L37 Linear system input/output relationships with random inputs
Discrete-time correlation
L38 Non-parametric power spectral density estimation
L39 Least-squares filter design
L40 Adaptive filtering
64. Digital Image Processing

Course code. PHY661
Course Title: Digital Image Processing
Pre-requisite: Signal Processing PHY625,
Recommended Texts: I. Principles of Digital Image Processing: Advanced Method by
Wilhelm Burger 2012
II. Digital Image Processing; Ganzalez, R.C Wintz Addison-
Wesley 1977.
III. Digital Image Processing; William K Pratt John Willey and
Sons 1978.
Course Description: To learn and understand the fundamentals of digital image processing,
and various image transforms, Image enhancement techniques, Image restoration techniques
137
and methods, Image compression and segmentation used in digital image processing.
Course Objectives: To understand and gain complete knowledge about:
 The fundamentals of digital image processing
 Image transform used in digital image processing
 Image enhancement techniques used in digital image processing
 Image restoration techniques and methods used in digital image processing
 Image compression and Segmentation used in digital image processing
Continuous image characterization, Mathematical characterization of continuous image,
Psychophysical properties of Vision, Photometry and colorimetry, digital image
characterization, image sampling and reconstruction, Mathematical characterization of
Discrete image, Image Quantization, Sampled image 44
Quality Measure, Discrete Two-Dimensional Linear Processing, Linear Operators,
Superposition Operator, Two Dimensional Unitary Transformations, Two-dimensional Linear
Processing Techniques.
Image Enhancement and Restoration, Image Enhancement, Image Restoration Models,
Algebraic Spatial Image Restoration Techniques, Specialized Spatial Image restoration
Techniques, Luminance, Color and Spectral Image Restoration , Image Analysis, Image
Feature Extraction, Symbolic Image Description, Image Detection and Registration, Image
Understanding Systems, Image Coding, Analog Processing Image Coding, Digital Point
Processing Image Coding, Digital Spatial Processing Image Coding, Image coding
performance analysis.

L2 Continuous image characterization
L3 Mathematical characterization of continuous image
L4 Psychophysical properties of Vision
L5 Photometry and colorimetry
L6 Digital image characterization
L7 Image sampling and reconstruction
L8 Mathematical characterization of Discrete image
L9 Image Quantization
L10 Sampled image 44
L11 Quality Measure
L12 Discrete Two-Dimensional Linear Processing
L13 Linear Operators
L14 Superposition Operator
L15 Two Dimensional Unitary Transformations
L16 Two-dimensional Linear Processing Techniques
L17 Image Enhancement and Restoration
L18 Image Enhancement
L19 Image Restoration Models
L20 Algebraic Spatial Image Restoration Techniques
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L21 Specialized Spatial Image restoration Techniques

L22 Luminance
L23 Color and Spectral Image Restoration
L24 Image Analysis
L25 Image Feature Extraction
L26 Symbolic Image Description
L27 Image Detection and Registration
L28 Image Understanding Systems
L29 Image Coding
L30 Analog Processing Image Coding
L31 Digital Point Processing Image Coding
L32 Digital Spatial Processing Image Coding
L33 Image Coding Performance Analysis
65. Theory of Atomic Collisions and Spectroscopy
Module 0: Introductory Lecture

Lecture 01 - Introduction to the statics Course
Module 1: Quantum Collisions
Lecture 02 - Quantum Theory of Collisions
Lecture 03 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: Optical Theorem
Lecture 04 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: Optical Theorem
Lecture 05 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: Differential Scattering Cross Section
Lecture 06 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: Differential Scattering Cross Section, Partial Wave Analysis
Lecture 07 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: Optical Theorem - Unitarity of the Scattering Operator
Lecture 08 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: Reciprocity Theorem, Phase Shift Analysis
Lecture 09 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: More on Phase Shift Analysis
Lecture 10 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: Resonant Condition in the 1th Partial Wave
Lecture 11 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: Levinson's Theorem
Lecture 12 - Quantum Theory of Collisions: Levinson's Theorem
Module 2: Second Quantization
Lecture 13 - Many Body Theory, Electron Correlations
Lecture 14 - Second Quantization Creation, Destruction and Number Operators
Lecture 15 - Many-particle Hamiltonian and Schrodinger Equation in 2nd Quantization Formalism
Module 3: Electron Gas in the Hartree-Fock and the Random Phase Approximation
Lecture 16 - Many-electron Problem in Quantum Mechanics
Lecture 17 - Hartree-Fock Self-Consistent-Field
Lecture 18 - Exchange, Statistical, Fermi-Dirac Correlations
Lecture 19 - Limitations of the Hartree-Fock Self-Consistent-Field Formalism
Lecture 20 - Many-Body Formalism, Second Quantization
Lecture 21 - Density Fluctuations in an Electron Gas
139
Lecture 22 - Bohm-Pines Approach to Random Phase Approximation

Module 4: Feynman Diagrammatic Methods
Lecture 25 - Schrodinger, Heisenberg and Dirac Pictures of QM
Lecture 26 - Dyson's Chronological Operator
Lecture 27 - Gell-Mann-Low Theorem
Lecture 28 - Rayleigh-Schrodinger Perturbation Methods and Adiabatic Switching
Lecture 29 - Feynman Diagrams
Lecture 30 - First Order Feynman Diagrams
Lecture 31 - Some More on First Order Feynman Diagrams
Lecture 32 - Second and Higher Order Feynman Diagrams
Module 5: More on Quantum Collisions
Lecture 33 - Lippman Schwinger Equation of Potential Scattering
Lecture 34 - Born Approximation
Lecture 35 - Coulomb Scattering
Module 6: Resonances in Quantum Scattering
Lecture 36 - Scattering of Partial Waves
Lecture 37 - Scattering at High Energy
Lecture 38 - Resonances in Quantum Collisions
Lecture 39 - Breit-Wigner Resonances
Module 7: Fano Analysis of Resonances
Lecture 40 - Fano Parameterization of Breit-Wigner Formula
Lecture 41 - Discrete State Embedded in the Continuum
Lecture 42 - Resonance Life Times
Lecture 43 - Wigner-Eisenbud Formalism of Time-Delay in Scattering
Module 8: Guest Lectures by Professor S.T. Manson
Lecture 44 - Photoionization and Photoelectron Angular Distributions
Lecture 45 - Ionization and Excitation of Atoms by Fast Charged Particles
Lecture 46 - Photo-absorption by Free and Confined Atoms and Ions: Recent Developments
66. Advance Solid State Physics
Course code: PHY541
Course Title: Advance Solid State Physics

140

Pre-requisite: None
Recommended 1. Introduction to Solid State Physics, C. Kittle, 7th edition 1996, John
Texts: Wiley.
2. Magnetism: From Fundamentals to Nanoscale Dynamics, J. Stöhr and
H.C. Siegmann , Springer Series in solid-state sciences, Springer-
Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006
Course Description:
This course covers fundamentals of solid state physics, where crystal structure with X-Ray and
electron diffraction as well as electron theory as the basics of materials science will be reviewed.
The course teaches the electronic band theory from the basics which describes the electronic
states of solids. The "nearly free-electron model" and the "tight-binding approximation" will be
introduced as the simplest and most valuable models in the band theory. Magnetism being the
speciality of the instructor will be mainly discussed particularly the fundamental phenomena of
magnetism and the static magnet properties of nanoscale structures especially single crystalline
ultra thin films will be discussed alongside the techniques used to study these structures.
A review on: Course of Solid State Physics-I and Solid State Physics-II
Electric Fields, Currents, and Magnetic Fields, Magnetic and Electric Fields inside Materials,
The Relation of the Three Magnetic Vectors in Magnetic Materials, Stray and Demagnetizing
Fields of Thin Films, Applications of Stray and Demagnetizing Fields, Symmetry Properties of
Electric and Magnetic Fields, Parity, Time Reversal, Magnetic Moments and their Interactions
with Magnetic Fields, The Classical Definition of the Magnetic Moment, From Classical to
Quantum Mechanical Magnetic Moments, The Bohr Magneton, Spin and Orbital Magnetic
Moments, Magnetic Dipole Moments in an External Magnetic Field, The Energy of a Magnetic
Dipole in a Magnetic Field, The Force on a Magnetic Dipole in an Inhomogeneous Field, The
Stern–Gerlach Experiment, The Mott Detector, Magnetic Force Microscopy, The Torque on a
Magnetic Moment in a Magnetic Field, Precession of Moments, Damping of the Precession,
Magnetic Resonance, Time–Energy Correlation, The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, Classical
Spin Precession, Quantum Mechanical Spin Precession, precessional frequency of a magnetic
moment in external mag. Field & ferromagnetic resonance, exchange, spin-orbit, and Zeeman
interactions, atomic paramagnetism, molecular field theory for spontaneous magnetization in
ferromagnets, Langavin function, the Stoner-Wohlfarth model, magnetic anisotropy,
magnetocrystalline and shape anisotropy, The magnetic microstructures: magnetic domains &
141
domain walls (DW) and their types, Ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) chamber, preparation of ultra-
thin magnetic films in UHV chamber, Ino Sputtering, Annealing, Auger Electron Spectroscopy
(AES), Low Energy Electron Diffraction (LEED), and LEED-IV, Medium Energy Electron
Diffration (MEED), X-rays and magnetism: X-ray Magnetic Linear Dichroism (XMLD), X-ray
Magnetic Circular Dichroism (XMCD), Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect (MOKE), How to read
data from hard disk drive, Exchange Bias (EB) effect (unidirectional anisotropy): Discovery of
EB, some important parameters about EB effect, illusive nature of EB, intuitive picture and
Meiklijohn& Bean model, Mauri inplane DW model, Molozemoff perpendicular DW model,
antiferromagnetic (AFM) DW model, do AFM domains really exist?, AFM spin orientation at
interface & EB effect, new development about the origin of EB
Objectives:
At the end of this course the students will be able to:

1. Discuss modern condensed-matter physics theories and apply these tools to the analysis of the
electronic properties of real materials with a particular focus on magnetic systems.
2. Describe modern experimental techniques used in condensed-matter physics with an emphasis
on structural, spectroscopic and magnetic techniques.
3. Discuss, criticise and relate modern scientific literature on condensed-matter physics.

L1 Course of Solid State Physics-I – a review
L7 Course of Solid State Physics-II – a review
142

L13 Magnetism – An Introduction: Fields and Moments: Electric Fields,
Currents, and Magnetic Fields, Magnetic and Electric Fields inside
Materials
L14 The Relation of the Three Magnetic Vectors in Magnetic Materials, Stray
and Demagnetizing Fields of Thin Films
L15 Applications of Stray and Demagnetizing Fields, Symmetry Properties of
Electric and Magnetic Fields, Parity, Time Reversal
L16 Magnetic Moments and their Interactions with Magnetic Fields
L17 The Classical Definition of the Magnetic Moment, From Classical to

Quantum Mechanical Magnetic Moments
L18 The Bohr Magneton, Spin and Orbital Magnetic Moments
L19 Magnetic Dipole Moments in an External Magnetic Field,

L20 The Energy of a Magnetic Dipole in a Magnetic Field, The Force on a
Magnetic Dipole in an Inhomogeneous Field
L21 The Stern–Gerlach Experiment, The Mott Detector, Magnetic Force
Microscopy
L22 The Torque on a Magnetic Moment in a Magnetic Field, Precession of
Moments
L23 Damping of the Precession, Magnetic Resonance, Time–Energy
Correlation
L24 The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, Classical Spin Precession,
Quantum Mechanical
L25 Spin Precession, precessional frequency of a magnetic moment in
external mag.
L26 Field & ferromagnetic resonance
L27 exchange, spin-orbit, and Zeeman interactions
L28 atomic paramagnetism
L29 molecular field theory for spontaneous magnetization in ferromagnets
L30 Langavin function, the Stoner-Wohlfarth model
L31 magnetic anisotropy, magnetocrystalline and shape anisotropy
143
L32 The magnetic microstructures: magnetic domains & domain walls (DW)
and their types
L33 Ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) chamber, preparation of ultra-thin magnetic
films in UHV chamber
L34 Ino Sputtering, Annealing
L35 Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES)
L36 Low Energy Electron Diffraction (LEED), and LEED-IV
L37 Medium Energy Electron Diffration (MEED)
L38 X-rays and magnetism: X-ray Magnetic Linear Dichroism (XMLD), X-
ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism (XMCD)
L40 How to read data from hard disk drive
L41 Exchange Bias (EB) effect (unidirectional anisotropy): Discovery of EB,

some important parameters about EB effect, illusive nature of EB
L42 intuitive picture and Meiklijohn& Bean model, Mauri inplane DW
model, Molozemoff perpendicular DW model
L43 antiferromagnetic (AFM) DW model, do AFM domains really exist?
L44 AFM spin orientation at interface & EB effect
L45 New developments about the origin of EB
67. Advance Nanotechnology and Nano Materials
Course No. PHY549 (3-0-3)

Course Title: Advance Nanotechnology and Nano Materials
Pre-requisite:
Recommended Texts: 1. Nanoscience Nanotechnologies and Nanophysics, C. Dupas
P. Houdy M. Lahmani (Eds.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin
Heidelberg, Germany, 2007.
2. Introduction to Nanoscience, S. N. Lindsay, Oxford
3. Nanoscale Science and Technology, Eds. R. W. Kelsall, I. W.
144
Hamley and M. Geoghegan, John Wiley & Sons (2005)

4. Edward L. Wolf, Nanophysics and nanotechnology: An
Introduction to Modern Concepts in Nanoscience, Wiley-
VCH (2006)
5. Ch. Poole Jr., F. J. Owens, Introduction to nanotechnology,
6. Marius Grundmann, The Physics of Semiconductors-An
Introduction including Devices and nanophysics, Springer-
Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, 2006.
Course Description:
To use a pedagogical approach in order to provide a grounding in all the major theoretical and
experimental aspects of this new generation of science ‘Nano Physics and Technology’ for
students preparing for a Masters or a PhD degree.
Objectives:
The main objectives of this course are to let the students think to answer the following
questions:
• How does one make a nanometer sized object?
• How do the magnetic, optical and electrical properties of this nanoscale object change with
size?
• How do charges behave in nanoscale objects?
• How does charge transport occur in these materials?
• Do these nanoscale materials posess new and previously undiscovered properties?
• How are they useful?
• The student shall learn how basic physics can be used to describe and understand the
behavior of electrons in nano-scale materials.
• The course will hopefully motivate for further theoretical and experimental studies of
electron transport in nano-scale materials.
Introduction to nanophysics and nanotechnology, What is nanoscience?, There’s plenty of

rooms at the bottom- A lecture by Feynman on nano structures in 1957, Why Physics is
different for small systems?, quantum nature of nanoworld, Microscopy and manipulation
tools, Making nanostructures: top-down, Making nanostructures: bottom-up, Electrons in
nanostructures, Molecular electronics, Nanostructured materials, Nanobiology, Microscscaling
laws and limits to smallness, nano fabrication, nanoscopy, Properties and application of
semiconductor nanostructures, fabrication of semiconductor nanowires and quantum dots,
electronic and optical properties, optical spectroscopy of semiconductor nanostructures,
carbon nanostructures, nanomagnets, Growth of Organised Nano-Objects on Prepatterned
Surfaces, Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscop, Clusters and Colloids,
Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes, Nanowire, Nano-Object, Ultimate Electronics, Molecular
Electronics, Nanomagnetism and Spin Electronics, Information Storag, Optronics,
Nanophotonics for Biology, Numerical Simulation, Computer Architectures for
Nanotechnology: Towards Nanocomputing.
145

L1 Introduction to nanophysics and nanotechnology
L2 What is nanoscience?
L3 There’s plenty of rooms at the bottom- A lecture by Feynman on nano

structures in 1957, Why Physics is different for small systems?
L4 Quantum nature of nanoworld, Microscopy and manipulation tools
L5 Making nanostructures: top-down
L6 Making nanostructures: bottom-up
L7 Electrons in nanostructures
L8 Molecular electronics
L9 Nanostructured materials
L10 Nanobiology
L11 Microscscaling laws and limits to smallness
L12 Nano fabrication
L13 Nanoscopy
L14 Properties and application of semiconductor nanostructures

L15 Fabrication of semiconductor nanowires and quantum dots
L16 Electronic and optical properties
L17 Optical spectroscopy of semiconductor nanostructures
L18 Carbon nanostructures
L19 Nanomagnets and nanomagnetism
L20 Paramagnetism
L21 Langevin theory of Paramagnetism
L22 Ferro-magnetism
L23 Weiss theory of Ferromagnetism (Spontaneous magnetization)
146
L24 Magnetic Domains, Types of magnetic domains

L25 Magnetic relaxation and resonance phenomena
L26 Growth of Organised Nano-Objects on Prepatterned Surfaces
L27 Clusters and Colloids
L28 Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes
L29 Nanowire
L30 Nano-Object
L31 Ultimate Electronics

L32 Molecular Electronics
L33 Nanomagnetism and Spin Electronics
L34 Information Storag
L35 Optronics
L36 Nanophotonics for Biology
L37 Numerical Simulation

L38 Computer Architectures for Nanotechnology
L39 Towards Nanocomputing

Course code: PHY
Course Title: Nanomagnetism

Pre-requisite: None
147
Recommended 1. Magnetism: From Fundamentals to Nanoscale Dynamics, J. Stöhr and

Texts: H.C. Siegmann , Springer Series in solid-state sciences, Springer-
Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006
Course Description:
Magnetism being the speciality of the instructor will be mainly discussed particularly the
fundamental phenomena of magnetism and the static magnet properties of nanoscale structures
especially single crystalline ultra thin films will be discussed alongside the techniques used to
study these structures.
Magnetism – An Introduction:
Magical yet Practical, History of Magnetism, Neutrons, Polarized Electrons, and X-rays, Spin
Polarized Electrons and Magnetism, Polarized X-rays and Magnetism,
Fields, Moments, and Magnetism
Electric Fields, Currents, and Magnetic Fields, Magnetic and Electric Fields inside Materials,
The Relation of the Three Magnetic Vectors in Magnetic Materials, Stray and Demagnetizing
Fields of Thin Films, Applications of Stray and Demagnetizing Fields, Symmetry Properties of
Electric and Magnetic Fields, Parity, Time Reversal, Magnetic Moments and their Interactions
with Magnetic Fields, The Classical Definition of the Magnetic Moment, From Classical to
Quantum Mechanical Magnetic Moments, The Bohr Magneton, Spin and Orbital Magnetic
Moments, Magnetic Dipole Moments in an External Magnetic Field, The Energy of a Magnetic
Dipole in a Magnetic Field, The Force on a Magnetic Dipole in an Inhomogeneous Field, The
Stern–Gerlach Experiment, The Mott Detector, Magnetic Force Microscopy, The Torque on a
Magnetic Moment in a Magnetic Field, Precession of Moments, Damping of the Precession,
Magnetic Resonance, Time–Energy Correlation, The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, Classical
Spin Precession, Quantum Mechanical Spin Precession
Exchange, Spin–Orbit, and Zeeman Interactions:
Electronic and Magnetic Interactions in Solids:
The Band Model of Ferromagnetism, The Stoner Model, Origin of Band Structure, Density
Functional Theory, Ligand Field Theory, Independent-Electron Ligand Field Theory, Multiplet
Ligand Field Theory, Why are Oxides often Insulators?, Correlation Effects in Rare Earths and
Transition Metal Oxides, Magnetism in Transition Metal Oxides, Superexchange, Double
Exchange, Colossal Magnetoresistance, Magnetism of Magnetite, RKKY Exchange, Metallic
Multilayers, Spin–Orbit Interaction: Origin of the Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy, Bonding,
Orbital Moment, and Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy
Polarized Electrons and Magnetism:
Interactions of Polarized Photons with Matter:
The Orientation-Dependent Intensity: Charge and Magnetic Moment Anisotropies, Concepts of
Linear Dichroism, X-ray Natural Linear Dichroism, X-ray Magnetic Linear Dichroism, Magnetic
Dichroism in X-ray Absorption and Scattering, The Resonant Magnetic Scattering Intensity
148
X-rays and Magnetism: Spectroscopy and Microscopy:

Overview of Different Types of X-ray Dichroism, Experimental Concepts of X-ray Absorption
Spectroscopy, Experimental Arrangements, Quantitative Analysis of Experimental Absorption
Spectra, Some Important Experimental Absorption Spectra, XMCD Spectra of Magnetic Atoms:
From Thin Films to Isolated Atoms, Magnetic Imaging with X-rays, X-ray Microscopy
Methods, Properties of and Phenomena in the Ferromagnetic Metals
The Spontaneous Magnetization, Anisotropy, Domains:
The Spontaneous Magnetization, Temperature Dependence of the Magnetization in the
Molecular Field Approximation, Curie Temperature in the Weiss–Heisenberg Model, Curie
Temperature in the Stoner Model, The Meaning of “Exchange” in the Weiss–Heisenberg and
Stoner Models, Thermal Excitations: Spin Waves, Critical Fluctuations, The Magnetic
Anisotropy, The Shape Anisotropy, The Magneto-Crystalline Anisotropy, The Discovery of the
Surface Induced Magnetic Anisotropy, The Magnetic Microstructure: Magnetic Domains and
Domain Walls, Ferromagnetic Domains, Antiferromagnetic Domains, Magnetization Curves and
Hysteresis Loops, Magnetism in Small Particles, Néel and Stoner–Wohlfarth Models, Thermal
Stability
Surfaces and Interfaces of Ferromagnetic Metals:
Spin-Polarized Electron Emission from Ferromagnetic Metals, Electron Emission into Vacuum,
Spin-Polarized Electron Tunneling between Solids, Spin-Polarized Electron Tunneling
Microscopy, Reflection of Electrons from a Ferromagnetic Surface, Simple Reflection
Experiments, The Complete Reflection Experiment, Static Magnetic Coupling at Interfaces,
Magnetostatic Coupling, Direct Coupling between Magnetic Layers, Exchange Bias, Induced
Magnetism in Paramagnets and Diamagnets, Coupling of Two Ferromagnets across a
Nonmagnetic Spacer Layer
Electron and Spin Transport:
Currents Across Interfaces Between a Ferromagnet and a Nonmagnet, The Spin Accumulation
Voltage in a Transparent Metallic Contact, The Diffusion Equation for the Spins, Spin
Equilibration Processes, Distances and Times, Giant Magneto-Resistance (GMR), Measurement
of Spin Diffusion Lengths in Nonmagnets, Typical Values for the Spin Accumulation Voltage,
Boundary Resistance and GMR Effect, The Important Role of Interfaces in GMR, Spin-Injection
into a Ferromagnet
Ultrafast Magnetization Dynamics, Energy and Angular Momentum Exchange between Physical
Reservoirs
Exchange Interaction and Exchange Bias (EB) effect (unidirectional anisotropy):
Discovery of EB, some important parameters about EB effect, illusive nature of EB, intuitive
picture and Meiklijohn& Bean model, Mauri inplane DW model, Molozemoff perpendicular DW
model, antiferromagnetic (AFM) DW model, do AFM domains really exist?, AFM spin
orientation at interface & EB effect, new development about the origin of EB, Magneto-Optical
Kerr Effect (MOKE)
149
Objectives:
 The main objective of this course is to review the fundamental physical concepts and
their use in a coherent fashion to explain some of the forefront problems and applications
today.
 Besides covering the classical concepts of magnetism the course gives a thorough review
of the quantum aspects of magnetism, starting with the discovery of the spin in the 1920s.
 This covers the exciting developments in magnetism research and technology spawned
by the computer revolution in the late 1950s and the more recent paradigm shift starting
around 1990 associated with spin-based electronics or “spintronics” which was largely
triggered by the discovery of the giant magnetoresistance or GMR effect around 1988.
 It utilizes the electron spin to sense, carry or manipulate information and has thus moved
the quantum mechanical concept of the electron spin from its discovery in the 1920s to a
cornerstone of modern technology.

L1 Magnetism – An Introduction:
Magical yet Practical, History of Magnetism, Neutrons, Polarized
Electrons
L2 X-rays, Spin Polarized Electrons and Magnetism, Polarized X-rays and
Magnetism
L3 Fields and Moments: Electric Fields, Currents, and Magnetic Fields,
Magnetic and Electric Fields inside Materials, The Relation of the Three
Magnetic Vectors in Magnetic Materials, Stray and Demagnetizing Fields
of Thin Films
L4 Applications of Stray and Demagnetizing Fields, Symmetry Properties of
Electric and Magnetic Fields, Parity, Time Reversal, Magnetic Moments
and their Interactions with Magnetic Fields
L5 The Classical Definition of the Magnetic Moment, From Classical to

Quantum Mechanical Magnetic Moments
L6 The Bohr Magneton, Spin and Orbital Magnetic Moments
L7 Magnetic Dipole Moments in an External Magnetic Field, The Energy of

a Magnetic Dipole in a Magnetic Field, The Force on a Magnetic Dipole
in an Inhomogeneous Field
L8 The Stern–Gerlach Experiment, The Mott Detector, Magnetic Force
Microscopy
L9 The Torque on a Magnetic Moment in a Magnetic Field, Precession of
Moments, Damping of the Precession, Magnetic Resonance, Time–
Energy Correlation
150
L10 The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, Classical Spin Precession,

Quantum Mechanical Spin Precession
L11 Exchange, Spin–Orbit, and Zeeman Interactions: Electronic and Magnetic
Interactions in Solids
L12 The Band Model of Ferromagnetism, The Stoner Model, Origin of Band
Structure, Density Functional Theory, Ligand Field Theory, Independent-
Electron Ligand Field Theory, Multiplet Ligand Field Theory, Why are
Oxides often Insulators?Correlation Effects in Rare Earths and Transition
Metal Oxides
L13 Magnetism in Transition Metal Oxides, Superexchange, Double
Exchange
L14 Colossal Magnetoresistance, Magnetism of Magnetite, RKKY Exchange,
Metallic Multilayers, Spin–Orbit Interaction
L15 Origin of the Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy, Bonding, Orbital Moment,
andMagnetocrystallineAnisotropyPolarized Electrons and Magnetism,
Interactions of Polarized Photons with Matter
L16 The Orientation-Dependent Intensity: Charge and Magnetic Moment
Anisotropies
L17 Concepts of Linear Dichroism, X-ray Natural Linear Dichroism, X-ray
Magnetic Linear Dichroism, Magnetic Dichroism in X-ray Absorption
and Scattering
L18 The Resonant Magnetic Scattering Intensity
L19 X-rays and Magnetism: Spectroscopy and Microscopy
L20 Overview of Different Types of X-ray Dichroism, Experimental Concepts
of X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy, Experimental Arrangements
L21 Quantitative Analysis of Experimental Absorption Spectra
L22 Some Important Experimental Absorption Spectra, XMCD Spectra of
Magnetic Atoms: From Thin Films to Isolated Atoms
L23 Magnetic Imaging with X-rays, X-ray Microscopy Methods
L24 Properties of and Phenomena in the Ferromagnetic Metals
L25 The Spontaneous Magnetization, Anisotropy, Domains:
The Spontaneous Magnetization, Temperature Dependence of the
Magnetization in the Molecular Field Approximation
L26 Curie Temperature in the Weiss–Heisenberg Model, Curie Temperature
in the Stoner Model,
L27 The Meaning of “Exchange” in the Weiss–Heisenberg and Stoner
Models, Thermal Excitations: Spin Waves, Critical Fluctuations
L28 The Magnetic Anisotropy, The Shape Anisotropy, The Magneto-
Crystalline Anisotropy
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L29 The Discovery of the Surface Induced Magnetic Anisotropy, The

Magnetic Microstructure: Magnetic Domains and Domain Walls,
Ferromagnetic Domains
L30 Antiferromagnetic Domains, Magnetization Curves and Hysteresis
Loops, Magnetism in Small Particles, Néel and Stoner–Wohlfarth
Models, Thermal Stability
L31 Surfaces and Interfaces of Ferromagnetic Metals: Spin-Polarized Electron
Emission from Ferromagnetic Metals, Electron Emission into Vacuum,
Spin-Polarized Electron Tunneling between Solids,
L32 Static Magnetic Coupling at Interfaces, Magnetostatic Coupling, Direct
Coupling between Magnetic Layers, Exchange Bias, Induced Magnetism
in Paramagnets and Diamagnets, Coupling of Two Ferromagnets across a
Nonmagnetic Spacer Layer
L33 Electron and Spin Transport:
Currents Across Interfaces Between a Ferromagnet and a Nonmagnet,
The Spin Accumulation Voltage in a Transparent Metallic Contact
L34 Giant Magneto-Resistance (GMR), Measurement of Spin Diffusion
Lengths in Nonmagnets, Typical Values for the Spin Accumulation
Voltage, Boundary Resistance and GMR Effect
L35 The Important Role of Interfaces in GMR, Spin-Injection into a
Ferromagnet, Ultrafast Magnetization Dynamics, Energy and Angular
Momentum Exchange between Physical Reservoirs
L36 Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect (MOKE) and Exchange Bias (EB) effect
(unidirectional anisotropy)
L37 Discovery of EB, some important parameters about EB effect, illusive
nature of EB
L38 Intuitive picture and Meiklijohn& Bean model
L39 Mauri inplane DW model
L40 Molozemoff perpendicular DW model
L41 Antiferromagnetic (AFM) DW model

L42 Do AFM domains really exist?
L43 AFM spin orientation at interface & EB effect
L44 Bulk AFM spin contribution to EB
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68. Optical Communication
Course code. Optical Communication

Course Title: PHY673
Pre-requisite:
Recommended Texts: 1. Laser Optics ; Raj Kamal R.L. Sawhney Wiley Eastern
Limited New Delhi 1992
2. Applied Nonlinear Optics, ; F.zemike and j.Midwinter Wiley
inter science New York 1983
3. Problems of Non Linear Optics : S.A. Akhmanov and R.V.
Khokhlov Moscow 1978.
Course Description:
Starting from a broad introduction to transmitters and receivers, this course covers optical
fibers and waveguides, lasers, detectors, optical amplifiers, edge filters, sodha theory for ray
tracing, holography and ray tracing and optical fiber sensors.
Course Objectives:
1. To analyze the operation of optical transmitter and receivers
2. Explain the principles of, compare and contrast single- and multi-mode optical fiber
characteristics.
3. Analyze and design optical communication and fiber optic sensor systems.
4. Locate, read, and discuss current technical literature dealing with optical fiber systems
1. Overview of optical fiber communications
2. Optical transmitter components
3. Lasers and optical modulators
4. General digital communication system
5. Line coding and Pulse shaping
6. Signal space representation
7. Optical receivers
8. Photodetectors and its performance characteristics
9. Common types of photodetectors
10. Noise in photodetection
11. Bandpasses for Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) systems-I
12. Bandpasses for Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) systems-II
13. Edge filters for the rejection of pump radiation from an Erbium Doped Fibre
Amplifier-I
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14. Edge filters for the rejection of pump radiation from an Erbium Doped Fibre
Amplifier-II
15. Gain equalization coatings for an Erbium Doped Fibre Amplifier that function in the
transmissive mode
16. Realities in Mirages
17. Identification of distant objects by the use of optical image-I
18. Identification of distant objects by the use of optical image-II
19. Effects of nonhomogenous medium on the images of distant objects viewed through
optical telescope
20. Sodha theory of rays tracing in a medium with a refractive index-I
21. Sodha theory of rays tracing in a medium with a refractive index-II
22. Optical ray propagation under arctic mirage conditions
23. Sodha model
24. Dynamic Holography and phase conjugation in photo refractive crystals-I
25. Dynamic Holography and phase conjugation in photo refractive crystals-II
26. Optical fibre sensors-I
27. Optical fibre sensors-II
28. Non Linear dynamic of beams various spatial profiles and polanzations-I
29. Non Linear dynamic of beams various spatial profiles and polanzations-II
30. Non Linear dynamic of beams various spatial profiles and polanzations-III
60.Low Temperature Physics

Course code. PHY631
Course Title: Low Temperature Physics

Pre-requisite:
Recommended Texts: 1. Low temperature physics LT 13 Quantum crystal and Magnetism;

K.D Timmerhaus McGraw Hill 1999.
2. Low temperature physics; Robert E. Uhrig Jones Wiley & Sons,
New York 1997.
3. Low temperature physics; LP. Birynkov Jones Wiley & Sons, New
York 1997.
Course Description:
This graduate level course will concentrate on the topics cryogenics, properties of superfluid helium
and Bose-Einstein condensates low temperature techniques, thermal properties of materials and
thermometry
Course objectives
1. To get acquainted with material properties at low temperatures, present-day thermometry, and
refrigeration methods and their limitations.
154
2. How to cool samples to low temperatures, determine the temperature, and measure the
properties of the sample.
1. Introduction: What is low temperature physics and why is it important?
2. Knowledge of insulation
3. Handling liquid Nitrogen and liquid Helium gases-I
4. Handling liquid Nitrogen and liquid Helium gases-II
5. Principles of refrigeration and thermometry
6. Dilution refrigerator, Pomeranchuk refrigerator
7. Liquefaction of gases
8. Heat exchangers
9. Practical liquifiers
10. Mechanical coolers
11. Cryoliquids
12. Lowering of temperature by magnetic ordering
13. Quantum Fluids
14. Properties of Helium, both 4 He and 3 He-I
15. Properties of Helium, both 4 He and 3 He-II
16. Super fluidity
17. thermomechanical effects
18. Two fluid model
19. Macroscopic quantum states-I
20. Macroscopic quantum states-II
21. Low Temperature physics in the solid state
22. Phonons & electrons in solids-I
23. Phonons & electrons in solids-II
24. Phonons & electrons in solids-III
25. Specific heat
26. Superconductivity
27. Transport and scattering
28. Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute atomic gases-I
29. Bose-Einstein condensation in dilute atomic gases-II
30. Specific cases of phase transformation studies.
Course code. PHY690
Course Title: Laboratory techniques in Physics

Pre-requisite:
Recommended Texts: 1.The Art of Experimental Physics, Daryl W. Preston and Eric R. Dietz
(John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1991)
Course Description:
This course will provide an introduction to the methodology of investigating advanced physics in an
experimental laboratory. The topics covered will be safety procedures, error analysis, statistical
analysis of data, graph plotting and fitting, knowledge of sensors, and presentation of experimental
155
findings in the form of oral, poster and manuscript form
Course Objectives:
1. To get familier with experimental set up and safety precedures

2. Perform advanced error analysis on acquired data
3. Troubleshoot an experimental setup
4. Knowledge of sensors
5. Keep a thorough, annotated lab notebook
6. Present their experimental findings through the three scientific communication means (poster,
manuscript, and oral presentation
1. Introduction, equipment care and handling, data units, significant figures
2. Experimental planning and evaluation
3. Data tables and results, data consistency
4. Proficiency with general laboratory and measurement techniques
5. Knowledge of physical sensors
6. Signals and noise, noise reduction techniques-I
7. Signals and noise, noise reduction techniques-II
8. Types of Uncertainties
9. The Sources of Uncertainties in Measurement-I
10. The Sources of Uncertainties in Measurement-II
11. Finding the Total Uncertainty in a Measurement When Both Systematic and Random
Uncertainties Exist
12. The General Formula for Determining the Absolute Uncertainty in a Function of Several
Variables
13. Histograms and Probability Distributions-I
14. Histograms and Probability Distributions-II
15. The Gaussian Distribution
16. Experimental Set up trouble shooting-I
17. Experimental Set up trouble shooting-II
18. Error analysis-I
19. Error analysis-II
20. Signal averaging
21. Graph plotting, Graph fitting
22. Determining the Best Fit Line From Statistical Methods
23. Including Error Bars on a Graph and How to Use Them
24. Vacuum techniques-I
25. Vacuum techniques-II
26. Scientific communication methods (Poster, Manuscript, Oral presentation)-I
27. Scientific communication methods (Poster, Manuscript, Oral presentation)-II
28. Scientific communication methods (Poster, Manuscript, Oral presentation)-II
156
70.Environmental Physics
Course code. PHY680
Course Title: Environmental Physics

Pre-requisite:
Recommended Texts: 1. Principles of Environmental Physics4th Edition, John Monteith Mike
Unsworth, 2013
2.Environmental Physics: Sustainable Energy and Climate Change, 3rd
Edition, Egbert Boeker, Rienk van Grondelle, 2011
Course Description:
This course includes the basic features related to environment on the basis of principles of classical and
modern physics. The topics include the interaction of human with environment, Pollution, Global
warming, physics of clouds and winds and soil.
Course Objectives:
1. Student will aquire basic knowledge within selected environmental topics ( physics of human
body, pollution, global warming, winds and clouds, water cycle and soil)
2. Be able to ask critical questions and perform scientifically based evaluations about current
important environmental subjects
3. Be able to perform calculations within the selected environmental topics
4. On their own be able to obtain information from external sources needed to answer a given
question related to the selected environmental topics
1. The human environment
2. Laws of thermodynamics and human body
3. Energy and metabolism
4. Energy transfers: Conduction, conviction
5. Newton’s law of cooling
6. Survival in cold and hot climates
7. Noise pollution
8. Domestic noise and the design of partitions
9. Atmosphere and radiation
10. Structure and composition of the atmosphere
11. Photochemical pollution
12. Ozone hole
13. Terrestrial radiation
14. Greenhouse effect
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15. Greenhouse gases

16. Global warming
17. Water: Hydrosphere
18. Hydrologic cycle
19. Water in the atmosphere
20. Clouds
21. Physics of cloud formation
22. Wind: Measuring wind
23. Physics of wind creation
24. Principle forces acting on air masses
25. Cyclones and anticyclones
26. Global conviction
27. Global wind patterns
28. Physics of ground
29. Soil and hydrological cycle
30. Surface tension and soil, water evaporation, soil temperature
71.Radiation detection and measurement

Course code. PHY555
Course Title: Radiation detection and measurement

Pre-requisite:
Recommended Texts: 1. Radiation Detection and Measurement by G. F. Knoll, 4th Edition,

John Wiley and sons, 2010
2. Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments by W.R.
Leo, Springer-Verlag,1987
3. Introduction to Radiological Physics and Radiation Dosimetry, by
Frank Herbert Attix, John Wiley & Sons, 2008
158
4. Atoms, Radiation, and Radiation Protection, 3rd Edition by Turner,

James E. Wiley-VCH,2007
5. Measurement and detection of radiation, Nicholas
Tsoulfanidis; Sheldon Landsberger, Boca Raton, CRC Press, 2015
Course Description:
This course focuses on the various kinds of ionizing radiation, their interaction with matter and
detection. Interaction of light and heavy charged particles, neutrons and electromagnetic radiation will
be covered in detail. The use of different forms of matter (solid, liquid and gas) as a radiation detector
will be discussed. The detection method and underlying physics of gas, scintillation and semiconductor
detectors will be described. The use of detectors in medical physics, astrophysics and high energy
physics will be explored as an application of radiation detection.
Course Objectives:
1. Introduce students to various types of radiations and their sources (natural and manmade)
2. Familiarize the students with the underlying physics of the detectors used to measure high-
energy (ionizing) radiations, the electronic systems for counting and measuring high-energy
radiations, and the general properties of radiation detection systems.
3. Based on the characteristic properties of high-energy radiations and the mechanism of their
interactions with matter, explain the method of radiation detection and derive the resulting
properties of radiation detectors and measurement systems.
4. Introduce students to the concept of experimental uncertainty, counting, error propagation, and
the analysis of experimental results.
5. Teach students how to make laboratory measurements, the statistics of generated signals in
detectors, estimation and use of experimental uncertainties, and record and report laboratory
results.
1. Units and definitions
2. Radiation sources
3. Interaction of charged particles with matter
4. Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter
5. Interaction of neutrons
6. Radiation exposure and dose
7. Counting statistics in interaction process, error prediction
8. Statistical models
9. General properties of radiation detectors
10. Detector model
11. Modes of detector operation
12. Pulse height spectra
13. Energy resolution, decay time
14. Detection efficiency of radiation detector
15. Detector types
16. The ionization process in gases, ionization chambers
159
17. Proportional counters

18. Geiger-Muller counters
19. Scintillation detectors principles
20. Organic scintillators
21. Inorganic scintillators
22. Photomultiplier tubes
23. Photodiodes
24. Radiation spectroscopy with scintillators
25. Semiconductor detectors (Elemental and compound semicondutors)
26. Slow neutron detection and spectroscopy
27. Fast neutron detection and spectroscopy
28. Applications of radiation detection in medical physics
29. Applications of radiation detection in high energy physics
30. Applications of radiation detection in astrophysics.
72.Advance Particle Physics
Course code PHY553

Course Title Advance Particle Physics
Pre-requisite: None
Recommended Texts 1. Introduction to high energy physics; Donald H Perkins Addison-wesley 1982.
2. Elementary particle physics: S. Gasiorowiez jhon wiley and sons new york 1986
3. Introduction to Particle Physics, David J. Griffth, Wily 1987
4. An Introduction to the Standard Model of Particle Physics by W. N.
Cottingham and D. A. Greenwood, Cambridge University Press, 2007
Course Description: This course is about the advance topic in particle physics. After review of some introductory
concepts topics like non-abelian gauge theories, Yang-Mills theories, renormalization group and Feynman calculus
in chromodynamics will be covered.
Objectives:
1. Equip students with a working knowledge of the primary concepts and phenomenology of
elementary particle physics as embodied in the Standard Model
2. Equip students with skills needed to carry out basic computations of scattering cross sections and
decay rates (at tree-level) involving elementary particles and bound states of quarks and gluons
160
3. Enable students to sharpen logical reasoning and problem solving skills by applying basic ideas in
particle physics to specific processes
4. Provide students with a framework for understanding current research in particle physics at
various frontiers
5. Provide students with an understanding of the motivation for current research at these frontiers
including key open questions

L1 Introduction
L2 Review of elementary particle dynamics
L3 Feynman calculus
L4 Quantum electrodynamics
L5 The Dirac equation
L6 Solution to the Dirac equation
L7 Bilinear Covariants
L8 Cross sections
L9 Liftimes
L10 The Feynman rules for quantum electrodynamics
L11 Elastic electron and positron scattering
L12 Renormalization schemes
L13 Electrodynamics of quarks and hadrons
L14 Electrodynamics of hadrons
L15 Elastic electron-proton scattering
L16 Inelastic electron-proton scattering
L17 Quantum chromodynamics
L18 Re-normalization group
L19 Non-Abelian gauge theories
L20 Non-Abelian gauge quantization
L21 Anomalies in gauge theories
L22 Feynman Rules for Chromodynamics
L23 The quark-quark Interaction
L24 Asymptotic freedom
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L25 Weak Nuclear force

L27 Gauge theories
L28 Lagrangian formulation of classical particle mechanics
L29 Lagrangians in relativistic Field Theory
L30 Yang-Mills Theory
L31 Spontaneous Symmetry-Breaking
L32 The Higgs Mechanism
L33 Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix
L34 Leptons and their masses
L35 Neutrinos and their masses
L36 Neutrino oscillations
L37 Phenomenology of oscillations
L38 Decay of Muon
L39 Decay of Neutron
L40 Decay of Pion
L41 Charged weak interaction
L42 Neutral weak interaction
L44 Local Gauge Invariance
L45 Electroweak mixing
73.Advance String Theory-I

Course code PHY523
Course Title Advance String Theory-I

Pre-requisite PHY521
Recommended Texts 1. A first Course in String Theory, Barton Zwiebach, Cambridge University
Press 2009
2. String Theory and M-Theory: A Modern Introduction, Katrin Becker,
Melanie Becker, John H. Schwarz, Cambridge University Press, 2006
3. String Theory in a Nutshell, Elias Kiritsis, Princeton University Press,
2007
4. String Theory, Joseph Polchinski, Cambridge University Press, 1998
Course Description: This course is a first part of advance course in string theory. After review of
introductory concepts concept of D-branes will be introduced. The light cone quantization scheme will
be explained. On the way some related topics like Virasoro algebra and GSO projection will also be
162
covered.
Course Objectives:
 To equip students with advance topics in Superstring theory

 To enable students to do research in this subjects
 To be able to quantize classical string theory
 To be able to understand idea of D branes

L1 Introduction to the Course
L2 History
L3 Short Background
L4 Review of basic concepts
L5 The relativistic point particle
L6 Action for relativistic Point particle
L7 Reparametrization invariance of the action
L8 Equation of motion
L9 Relativistic Strings
L10 Area functional for spatial surfaces
L11 Analysis of the spectrums
L12 Reparametrization invariance of the area
L14 Equations of motion
L16 D-branes
L17 Tension of the stretched string
L18 Energy of the stretched string
L19 Motion of open string endpoints
L20 Symmetries
L21 Tensors
L22 Types of Tensors
L23 Gauge fixing and symmetries of the action
163
L24 Mode expansion

L25 Quantization of Strings
L26 Canonical Quantization
L27 Open string mode expansion
L28 Hamiltoinan tensor
L29 Energy-momentum tensor
L30 Mass formula for strings
L31 Virasoro algebra
L32 Physical status
L33 Determination of Spacetime dimensions
L34 Light come gauge Quantization
L35 Mass Shell Condition
L36 Analysis of the spectrum
L37 Strings with worldsheet supersymmetry
L38 Rammond Neveu Schwarz string
L40 Mode expansion
L41 Canonical Quantization RNS strings
L42 Supervirasoro generators and physical status
L43 Light lone quantization of RNS strings
L44 Analysis of the spectrum
L45 GSO Projection
74. Advance String Theory-II
Course code. PHY624

Course Title: Advance String Theory-II

Recommended Texts 1. A first Course in String Theory, Barton Zwiebach, Cambridge University
Press 2009
2. String Theory and M-Theory: A Modern Introduction, Katrin Becker,
Melanie Becker, John H. Schwarz, Cambridge University Press, 2006
3. String Theory in a Nutshell, Elias Kiritsis, Princeton University Press,
2007
4. String Theory, Joseph Polchinski, Cambridge University Press, 1998
Course Description: This course is the second part of advance course in string theory. This course
covers topics like Superconformal field theory, BRST Quantization, and vertex operators etc. We will
also touch upon Calabi–Yau manifolds and compactifications.
Course Objectives:
 To equip students with advance topics in Superstring theory
 To enable students to do research in this subjects
 To be able to quantize classical string theory
 To be able to understand idea of D branes
164

L2 History
L3 Short Background
L5 Tensors
L6 Types of tensors
L7 Relativistic Strings
L8 D-branes
L10 The Conformal group in D-dimensions
L11 The conformal group in two dimensions
L12 Conformal fields
L13 Operator product expansion
L14 Kac-Moody algebras
L15 BRST Quantization
L16 Back ground Fields
L17 Vertex Operators
L18 Superconformal field theory
L19 String with Space-time supersymmetry
L20 The Do-brane action
L21 Symetries
L22 Kappa symmetry
L23 The supersymmetry
L24 The supersymmetric sting action
L25 Quantization of Green Schwraz Action
L26 The light cone gauge
L27 Canonical Quantization
L28 The free string action
L29 Gauge Theory
L30 Gauge anomalies
L31 Gauge anomalies cancellation
L32 T-Duality
L33 T-duality and D-brave
L34 Closed strings
L35 Open string tachyons
L36 Chan-Paton charges
L37 Wilson lines
L38 Multiple branes
L39 String Geometry
L40 Kaluza-Kline Compectification
L41 Brane World Scenario
L42 Manifolds
L43 Calabi–Yau manifolds
L44 Mirror symmetry
L45 Orbifolds
165
75.Geometry Topology & Physics-I
Course code. PHY525

Course Title: Geometry Topology & Physics-I

Recommended Texts: 1. M.Nakahara Geometry, Topology and Physics, CRC Press; 2003
2. R.Bott, L.W Tu, Differential forms in algebraic topology, by
Springer-Verlag New York Inc. 1982
3. F.H Croom Basic concepts of algebraic topology, by Springer-
Verlag New York Inc. 1978
4. D.A Cox. J.little, D.Oshea using Algebraic Geometry, by Springer-
5. Introduction to Smooth Manifolds Lee, John, by Springer-Verlag
New York Inc. 2012
Course Description:
This course is the first part of the two courses series. In the first part we introduce the concepts of
topological and metric spaces. Concept of Manifolds is introduced, we also will deal with homology.
Course Objectives:
 To enable students to learn geometrical structures

 To equip students with the concept of topology
 To understand the idea of differential geometry

L1 Introduction to the Topology
L2 Metric
L3 Homeomorphism
L4 Topological Spaces
L5 Examples
L6 Natural Topology
L7 Discrete topology
L8 Indus Topology and Zariski Topology
166
L9 Haursdorff Spaces
L10 Homtopy
L11 Fundamental Group
L12 Simply connected spaces
L13 Universal covering
L14 Surfaces
L15 Triangulation
L16 Euler number
L17 Homology
L18 Betti members
L19 Simplicial Complex
L20 Euler Poincare Theorem
L21 Manifolds
L22 Differentiable manifolds
L23 Types of tensors
L24 Tangent spaces and tensor
L25 Pull bulk
L26 Push forward
L27 Lie derivative
L28 Differential forms
L29 Extenior Derivatives
L30 Rham chomology
L31 Riemannian Geometry
L32 Covariant derivative
L33 Covariant connections
L34 Affine connection
L35 Curative
L36 Torsion
L37 Levi Civita connection
L38 Tensors
L39 Ricci Tensor
L40 Value forms
L41 Christophel symbol
L42 The Killing equation
L43 Confound group
L44 Hodge duality
L45 Inner products
167
76.Geometry Topology & Physics-II
Course code. PHY626

Course Title: Geometry Topology & Physics-II

Recommended Texts: 1. M.Nakahara Geometry, Topology and Physics, CRC Press; 2003
2. R.Bott, L.W Tu, Differential forms in algebraic topology, by
Springer-Verlag New York Inc. 1982
3. F.H Croom Basic concepts of algebraic topology, by Springer-
4. D.A Cox. J.little, D.Oshea using Algebraic Geometry, by Springer-
5. Introduction to Smooth Manifolds Lee, John, by Springer-Verlag
New York Inc. 2012
Course Description:
This course is the second part of the two courses series. In the second part we introduce the concepts of
Cech Co-homology. Concept of vector bundles is introduced, we also will deal with Sheaves.
Course Objectives:
 To enable students to learn geometrical structures

 To equip students with the concept of topology

L1 Introduction to the Topology
L2 Review of Basic concepts
L3 Homeomorphism
L4 Discrete topology and Natural Topology
L5 Topological invariants
L6 Haursdorff Spaces
L7 Group Theory
L8 Surfaces
L9 Vector Bundles
L10 Vielbien
L11 Lorentz connection
L12 Fiber bundles
L13 Lie groups
168
L14 Lie algebras

L15 Connections on fiber bundles
L16 Lie algebras and representations
L17 Complex manifolds
L18 Vector bundles on complex manifolds
L19 Poincare residue map
L20 Adjunction formula
L21 Poincare lemma
L22 Dolbeault cohomology
L23 Poincare residue map
L24 Sheaves
L25 Cech Co-homology
77.Supersymmetry and Supergravity
Course code. PHY527
Course Title: Supersymmetry and Supergravity

Pre-requisite: None
Recommended Texts: 1. Julius Wess and Jonathan Bagger Supersymmetry and
supergravity Princeton University Press 1982.
2. S.James Gates Jr., Marcus T.Graisarm, Martin Rocek,
Warren Siegel Frontier in Physics; V.58 Superspace or
one thousand one lessons in supersymmetry Addison-
Wesley;1983
3. J. Terning Modern supersymmetry: Dynamics and duality
Oxford University Press 2005.
Course Description: This course is intended to introduce the supersymmetry and supergravity. The
169
Feynman super calculus will be explained in detail. The concept of Spinors will be introduced and
topics like superspace and Kahler geometry will be discussed.
Course Objectives:
 To equip the students supersymmetry and supergravity

 To enable students to be able to do research in this subject

L1 Introduction
L2 Symmetry
L3 Representations of the supersymmetry algebra
L4 Component fields,
L5 Superfields
L6 Chiral super fields
L7 Vector superfields
L8 Feynman rules for supercgraphs
L9 Differential forms and superspace
L10 Super change transformations
L11 The supergravity multiplets
L12 Chiral and vector superfields in current space
L13 Chiral models
L14 Kahler geometry
L15 Spinors
L16 Clifford algebras
L17 Representations and spinors
L18 Dirac adjoint
L19 Charge conjugation
L20 Majorana spinors
L21 Weyl spinors
L22 Superspace
L23 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories
L24 Super covariant derivatives
L25 Bianchi identities
170
78.Advance Quantum Field Theory
Course code. PHY522
Course Title: Advance Quantum Field Theory

Recommended Texts: 1. Michael E. Peskin and Daniel V. Schroeder An Introduction to
Quantum Field Theory
2. Steven Weinberg The Quantum Field Theory of fields
3. Mark Srednicki “Quantum Field theory”
4. Quantum field theory in Nutshell d A.Zee
5. Tom Banks Modern Quantum field theory
Course Description:
This course is an important course which deals with the quantum fields. We will discuss Klien-Gordon
equation, Dirac equation and Path Integral quantization method. The standard will also be discussed in
detail.
Course Objectives:
 To familiarize students with the idea of fields in quantum theory

 To make students understand the relativistic generalizations of quantum mechanics
 To learn about the standard model

L3 Spaces
L4 Spin of the Particles
L5 Spin Zero
L6 Kline Gordon Equation
L7 Dirac Equation
L8 Schrodinger Equation
L9 Lorentz Invariance
L10 Free Scalar field theory
L11 The Spin statistics theorem
L12 Path integral quantization
171
L13 Scattering Amplitude

L14 The Feynman rules
L15 Renormalization
L16 Perturbation theory
L17 Continuous symmetries
L18 Course need currents
L20 The renormalization group
L21 Spontaneous symmetry breaking
L22 Spinor fields
L23 Lagrangian for Spinor fields
L24 Canonical quantization of spinor fields
L25 Parity
L26 Time reversal and charge conjugation
L28 The Feynman rules for Dirac fields
L29 Gama matrices
L30 Yukawa theory
L31 Loop correction in Yukawa theory
L32 Functional Determinants
L33 Spin one
L34 Maxwell equations
L35 Spinor electrodynamics
L36 Beta functions in Quantum Electrodynamics
L37 Non-abelian gauge theory
L38 Anomalies in Global symmetries
L39 Chiral Symmetry Breaking
L40 The standard model
L41 Gauge Sector
L42 Higgs Sector
L43 Lepton Sector
L44 Quark Sector
L45 Examples
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PHY622
Advanced Courses in Relativity
(3 0 3)
None
1. Principles of relativity physics; Anderson Academic Press New
York 1997. Gravitational radiation experiments in relativity; C.de
Witt New York 1984.
2. The Classical theory of fields; L.D Landau Addison Wesley 1982.
Course Objectives:
79.Gauge Theory Gravity Duality (Ads/CFT Correspondence)
Course code. PHY754
Course Title: Gauge Theory Gravity Duality (Ads/CFT Correspondence)

Recommended Texts: 1. J. M. Maldacena, Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 2, 231 (1998) [Int. J. Theor.
Phys.38, 1113 (1999)] [hep-th/9711200].
2. Edward Witten (1998). "Anti-de Sitter space and holography".
Advances in Theoretical and Mathematical Physics 2: 253–291.
arXiv:hep-th/9802150. Bibcode 1998hep.th....2150W.
3. Urs Schreiber, "Making AdS/CFT Precise", The n-Category Café, 22
July 2007 (accessed 22 July 2009)
Jan de Boer, Introduction to the Ads/CFT correspondence
Course Description:
This course develops the idea of large N and holography and Anti-de Sitter space. The AdS/CFT
Correspondence is then derived. Conformal field theories and other advance topics are discussed.
Course Objectives:
 To enable the students understand the large N limit.

 To equip the students with idea of AdS/CFT correspondence.
 To understand conformal field theories.
173

L1 Large N and holography
L2 Anti-de Sitter space
L3 Correlation functions
L4 Mapping between parameters
L5 Derivation of the AdS/CFT correspondence
L6 Spectrum of operators
L7 Correlation
L8 Functions
L9 Wilson loops
L10 Finite temperature
L11 Glue balls
L12 The string tension
L13 Interpretation of the extra dimension
L14 AdS/CFT with a cutoff
L15 High energy scattering/deep inelastic scattering
L16 QCD string
L17 Other string effects in gauge theories
L18 Large quantum numbers and pp-waves
L19 D-branes vs. Black Holes and p-branes
L20 The D1-D5 system
L21 Coincident Dp-branes
L22 Entropy of Near-extremal 3-branes
L23 Thermodynamics of M-branes
L24 Absorption cross-sections to two-point correlators
L25 The AdS/CFT Correspondence
L26 Correlation functions
L27 The bulk/boundary correspondence
L28 Two-point functions
L29 Conformal field theories and Einstein manifolds
L30 D3-branes on the Conifold
L31 Dimensions of Chiral Operators
L32 Wrapped D3-branes as “dibaryons”
L33 Other ways of wrapping D-branes over cycles of T1
174
80. Black Holes
Course code PHY857

Course Title Black Holes

Recommended Texts 1. R. Brout, S. Massar, R. Parentani, Ph. Spindel A Primer for Black
Hole Quantum Physics
2. Kerr black holes and conformal symmetry by Ivan Agullo, José
Navarro-Salas,Gonzalo J. Olmo, and Leonard Parker Hawking
radiation
3. P.K. Townsend Black Holes
Course Description:
This course introduces the idea of black holes based on general theory of relativity. The Chandrasekhar
Limit is discussed and Killing Vectors are explained. The Schwarzschild Black Hole is constructed
and other black hole solutions are explained.
Course Objectives:
 To equip the students with solutions of Einstein Field Equations

 To make students understand the Schwarzschild solution
 To familiarize the students with The Hawking radiations

L1 Pair Production in a Static Electric Field
L2 Qualitative Survey, Mode Analysis
L3 Vacuum Instability
L4 Pair Production as the Source of Back Reaction Accelerating Systems
L5 The Accelerated Detector
L6 Quantization in Rindler Coordinates
L7 Unruh Modes
L8 Spontaneous Emission of Photons by an Accelerated Detector
L9 The Accelerating Mirror
175
L10 The Mean Energy Momentum

L11 The Fluctuations around the Mean
L12 Star without Back Reaction Gravitational Collapse
L13 The Chandrasekhar Limit
L14 Neutron Stars
L15 Schwarzschild Black Hole
L16 Test particles
L17 Geodesics and affine parameterization
L18 Symmetries and Killing Vectors
L19 Spherically-Symmetric Pressure Free Collapse
L20 Black Holes and White Holes
L21 Kruskal-Szekeres Coordinates
L22 Eternal Black Holes, Time translation in the Kruskal Manifold
L23 Null Hypersurfaces, Killing Horizons
L24 Rindler spacetime
L25 Surface Gravity and Hawking Temperature, Tolman Law - Unruh
Temperature Carter-Penrose Diagrams
L26 Conformal Compactification, Asymptopia
L27 The Event Horizon, Black Holes vs. Naked Singularities Charged Black
Holes
L28 Reissner-Nordström, Pressure-Free Collapse to RN
L29 Cauchy Horizons Isotropic Coordinates for RN
L30 Multi Black Hole Solutions Rotating Black Holes
L31 Nature of Internal ∞ in Extreme RN
L32 Uniqueness Theorems
L33 Spacetime Symmetries
L34 The Kerr Solution
L35 Energy Conditions Black Hole Mechanics
L36 Geodesic Congruences
L37 Expansion and Shear
L38 The Laws of Black Hole Mechanics: Zeroth law
L39 Smarr’s Formula
L40 First Law, The Second Law (Hawking’s Area Theorem)
L41 Quantization of the Free Scalar Field
L42 Particle Production in Non-Stationary Spacetimes
L43 Hawking Radiation
L44 Black Holes and Thermodynamics
L45 Hawking radiation by Kerr black holes and conformal
176
81. Noncommutative Field Theory
Course code. PHY655

Course Title Noncommutative Field Theory

Recommended Texts: 1. A Connes, Non commutative Geometry, Academic Press 1994
2. MR Dougles and Nekrasov, hep-th/0106048
3. J.L.F Barbon, Introduction to Non commutative Field Theory
Course Description:
This course develops the basic concept of noncommutative field theory. It explains the
noncommutative star products. It also gives explanation to the idea of deformation quantization.
Course Objectives:
 To understand the noncommutative structure of spacetime.

 To equip the students with the idea of star products.
 To enable student to understand the phenomenology of noncommutative structure of spacetime

L2 Noncommuatative Geometry
L3 Landau Problem
L4 Electrons in a strong magnetic field
L5 D-Branes
L6 Elementary construction of Classical
L7 NCFT
L8 Noncommutative Gauge Theories
L9 Asymptotically Free Photons
L10 Physical interpretation of the Moyal Star Product
L11 Connection to string theory
L12 The UV/IR Mixing
L13 The case of Gauge Theory
177
L14 Heuristic explanation of the UV/IR Mixing

L15 UV/IR Mixing and Unitarity
L16 Theta-Phenomenology
L17 Theta-Phenomenology
L18 Kontsivech Star Product
L19 Deformation Quantization
81. F-Theory
Course code. PHY756
Course Title F-Theory

Recommended Texts: 1. Timo Weigand Lectures on F-theory compactifications and model
2. buildingC. Vafa, “Evidence for F-Theory,” Nucl. Phys. B469 (1996)
403–418,hep-th/9602022.
3. M. Nakahara, “Geometry, topology and physics,” Boca Raton, USA:
Taylor and Francis (2003) 573 p.
S. Sethi, C. Vafa, and E. Witten, “Constraints on low-dimensional
string compactifications,” Nucl. Phys. B480 (1996) 213–224, hep-
th/9606122.
Course Description:
This course is about the F-theory basics which include compactification, Calabi-Yau manifold, and
orientifolds. Phenomenological applications to GUT model building are also discussed.
Course Objectives:
 To familiarize students with the idea of F theory compactification

 To make students understand phenomenological applications of string theory
 To learn about the model building in string theory
178

L1 An introduction to the course
L2 The need for a non-perturbative formulation of Type IIB with 7-branes
L3 F/M-theory duality
L4 Calabi-Yau 4-folds
L5 The geometry of elliptic fibrations
L6 Sen’s orientifold limit
L7 Gauge symmetry from degenerations
L8 Technology for F-theory compactifications
L9 Tate models
L10 Fluxes
L11 3-brane tadpoles
L12 Matter curves
L13 Yukawa points
L14 F-theory-heterotic duality
L15 The spectral cover construction for F-theory models
L16 Phenomenological applications to GUT model building
L17 SU(5) GUT models
L18 The principle of decoupling
L19 Options for GUT breaking
L20 Some constraints from hypercharge flux
L21 Proton decay
L22 Further developments
179
82. General Theory of Relativity
Course code PHY612

Course Title General Theory of Relativity
Pre-requisite: None
Recommended Texts 1. A First Course in General Relativity, Bernard F. Schutz, Cambridge University
Press, 1985
2. General Relativity, Robert M. Wald, University of Chicago Press, 2010
3. Relativity: Special, General, and Cosmological, Wolfgang Rindler, OUP
Oxford, 2006
4. Gravitation and Spactime, Hans C. Ohanian, Remo Ruffini, Cambridge
5. Spacetime and Geometry: An Introduction to General Relativity, Sean M.
Carroll, Prentice Hall, 2004
6. Gravitation, Charles W. Misner, Kip S. Thorne, John Archibald Wheeler, W.H.
Freeman and Company, 2002
Course Description:
The principle of general relativity will be explained and non-inertial effects will be introduced. Concepts
like metric tensor, Einstein Field equations and their solutions will be discussed.
Objectives:
 The students will be familiarized with the fundamental principles of the theory of relativity.
 They will know the meaning of the concept “inertial frame” and how gravity is understood in the
theory of relativity.
 The student will be familiarized with the fundamental concepts and main contents of the theory of
relativity: The principle of relativity, the kinematic- and the gravitational time dilation and
frequency shift, curved spacetime, gravitational bending of light and relativistic universe models
with expanding space.
180

L1 The equivalence principle
L2 Special Relativity
L3 Rotating frames
L4 Non-Inertial effects and Electromagnetism
L5 Principle of General Covariance
L6 Space-time as a differentiable manifold
L7 Vectors and vector fields, One-forms, Tensors, Differential forms
L8 Hodge duality
L9 Exterior derivative operator
L10 Maxwell’s equations and differential forms
L11 Metric tensor
L12 Absolute differentiation
L13 Parallel transport, Autoparallel curves and geodesic
L14 Geodesic coordinates
L15 Symmetries of the Riemann tensor
L16 Ricci tensor and curvature scalar
L17 Curvature 2-form
L18 Geodesic deviation and Bianchi identities
L19 Einstein field equations, Schwarzschild solution
L20 Time dependence and spherical symmetry
L21 Gravitational red-shift
L22 Geodesics in Schwarzschild space-time
L23 Precession of planetary orbits
L24 Deflection of light
L25 Gravitational lenses
L26 Radar echoes from planets
L27 Radial motion in a Schwarzschild field
L28 A gravitational clock effect
L29 The interior Schwarzschild solution and the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff
equation
L30 Energy density and binding energy, Degenerate stars: white dwarfs and neutron
stars
L31 Schwarzschild orbits: Eddington–Finkelstein coordinates
L32 Einstein–Rosen bridge and wormholes
L33 Conformal treatment of infinity: Penrose diagrams
L34 Rotating black holes: Kerr solution
L35 The ergosphere and energy extraction from a black hole
L36 Surface gravity
L37 Thermodynamics of black holes and further observations
L38 Global matters: singularities Trapped surfaces and Cosmic Censorship
L39 Gravitational action and field equations
L40 Energy-momentum pseudotensor
L41 Kruskal–Szekeres coordinates
L42 Weak field approximation
L43 Radiation from a rotating binary source
L44 Parallels between electrodynamics and General Relativity, Petrov classification
181
L45 Petrov classification
84. Advance Electromagnetic Theory
Course No. PHY571 or PHY711 (two different codes)

Course Title: Advance Electromagnetic Theory

Pre-requisite:
Recommended Texts: 1. Classical Electrodynamics, John David Jackson, John Wiley and
Sons, New York (1980).
2. David J. Griffiths, third edition “Introduction to Electrodynamics”
3. Fields and Waves Electromagnetics, David K. Cheng Addison
Wesley (1989).
4. Electromagnetic Wave theory, Kong J.A. John Wiley & Sons New
York (1986).
5. Electromagnetics, Kraus J.D, McGraw-Hill New York (1992).
Course Description:
Fundamental concepts of electromagnetics: Maxwell equations, Lorentz force relation, electric and
magnetic polarizations, constitutive relations, boundary conditions, Poynting theorem in real and
complex forms, energy relations. Solution of Helmholtz equation: plane, cylindrical, and spherical
waves, dispersion, phase and group velocities, attenuation, wave propagation in anisotropic media.
Electromagnetic theorems: uniqueness, duality, reciprocity, equivalence, and induction theorems,
Huygen and Babinet principles. Guided wave propagation: mode expansions, metallic and dielectric
waveguides, resonant cavities.
Objectives: To develop a strong background in electromagnetic theory, understand and use various
mathematical tools to solve Maxwell equations in problems of wave propagation and radiation.

L1 Introduction to electrostatics, Coulombs law, electric field
L2 Gauss’s law, surface distribution of charges and dipoles
L3 poisons and Lap laces equations
L4 Electrostatic potential energy and energy density
L5 Boundary conditions and relations of microscopic to macroscopic fields
L6 The displacement vector, boundary conditions
L7 the electric field in a material medium
L8 Polarization
L9 Solution of potential problems
L10 Uniqueness theorem
182
L11 solution by Green functions

L12 solutions by inversion
L13 solution by electrical images
L14 Two dimensional potential problems and application
L15 Three dimensional potential problems and applications
L16 Energy relations and force in the electrostatic field
L17 field energy in free space
L18 energy density in a dielectric
L19 Volume forces in the electrostatic field in the presence of dielectrics
L20 Steady currents and their interactions
L21 the magnetic interaction of steady line currents
L22 the magnetic scalar and vector potentials
L23 Magnetic materials and boundary value problems
L24 magnetic field intensity, magnetic sources, magnetic susceptibility
L25 uniqueness theorem for the vector potential
L26 Maxwell’s equations for stationary and moving media
L27 Energy relations in quasi-stationary current systems
L28 forces on current systems magnetic volume force
L29 The wave equation and plane waves
L30 radiation pressure, plane waves in a moving medium
L31 waves in conducting media, group velocity
L32 The wave equation for the potentials
L33 the radiation field, radiated energy
L34 The Hertz potential
L35 Electric dipole radiation
L36 Multiple radiation
L37 Radiation from an accelerated charge
L38 field of an accelerated charge
L39 radiation at low velocity
L40 Transformation properties of free radiation field
L41 electromagnetic mass, forced vibration scattering by an individual free electron
L42 scattering by a bound electron
L43 absorption of radiation by an oscillator
L44 scattering from a volume distribution
L45 the dispersion relations
183
85. Lasers photoacoustic and optoacoustic spectroscopy
Course No. PHY-763

Course Title: Lasers photoacoustic and optoacoustic spectroscopy
Pre-requisite: None
Recommended Texts: 1. Lasers and Electro-Optics by Christopher Davis, 2nd edition, Cambridge
University Press; 2 edition (May 12, 2014)
2. Gusev V.E., Karabutov. A.A. Laser Optoacoustics. AIP, N.-Y., 1993.
3. Almond D.P. Patel J. Photothermal science and techniques, London,
Chapman and Hall, 1996. 450 p.
4. Malkin S., Canani O. The use and characteristics of the photoacoustic
method in the study of thotosynthesis. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant
Mol. Biol. 1994, 45:493-526.
5. Rogers J.A., Maznev A.A, Matthew J.B., Keith A.N. Optical generation
and characterization of acoustic waves in thin films: Fundamentals and
Applications. Annu.Rev. Matter. Sci., 2000, 30: 117-157.
Course Description:
Introduction to lasers and modern laser spectroscopy. Fundamentals of optical processes and spectroscopic
techniques. Lasers as spectroscopic light sources. Components of spectroscopic instruments. Photoluminescence.
Objectives:
The course aims at providing a broad introduction to major types of lasers and modern laser spectroscopy.
 To understand the properties of fundamental optical processes

 To understand the fundamental operational principle of modern lasers
 To learn modern laser spectroscopic techniques

L1 Some information on the lasers.
L2 He-Ne lasers
L3 Mathematical descriptions of the lasers beam.
L4 Mathematical descriptions of the lasers beam.
L5 The radial distribution and time dependence.
L6 Theory of the photoacoustic effect in solids.
L7 Theory of the photoacoustic effect in solids.
L8 The composite piston model
L9 Thermally-thin samples
L10 Thermally-thick samples
L11 Optically transparent solids
184
L12 Optically opaque solids

L13 General One Dimensional model
L14 Generalized composite piston model
L15 Optically transparent solids
L16 Optically opaque solids
L17 General One Dimensional model
L18 Generalized composite piston model
L19 Three-Dimensional Theory
L20 “Wide” cells
L21 “Narrow” Cells
L22 Cell Optimazation
L23 Porous samples
L24 Time-domaine Photoaoustics
L25 Results the application of the Photoacoustic spectroscopy method to
determination of the thermal and optical parameters of solids.
L26 Open Cell Photoacoustics spectroscopy
L27 Theory and application.
L28 Photothermal Laser-Beam deflection
L29 Photothermal Laser-Beam deflection
L30 Optical Path analysis
L31 Photothermal laser-beam deflection models
L32 Collinear thermal lens method
L33 Lasers generation of the sound wave in weak absorbing liquids
L34 Method of the transfer function for highly absorbing liquids
L35 Optical Path analysis
L36 Photothermal laser-beam deflection models
L37 Collinear thermal lens method
L38 Lasers generation of the sound wave in weak absorbing liquids
L39 Method of the transfer function for highly absorbing liquids
L41 Rigid and free surface
L42 Applications to determination of the optics
L43 thermophysics and acoustics parametr and diagnostic of condensed
medium
L44 Effect of thermal nonlinearity of the strong absorbing mediums on
parameters of an photoacoustic signal at the gas-microphone
registration.
L45 Fundamental and second harmonics.
185
86. Advance Plasma Physics
Course code. PHY581
Course Title: Advance Plasma Physics

Pre-requisite:
Recommended Texts: 1. F. F. Chen, Introduction to plasma Physics, Springer International

Publishing, Switzerland, 3rd edition, (2016)
2. N. A. Krall and A.W.Trivelpiece, Principles of Plasma Physics,
1973 (McGraw Hill).
3. S. Glasstone and R.H.Lovberg, Controlled Thermonuclear
Reactions, 1960 (D.Van Nestrand).
Course Description:
This course provides the critical concepts needed for the foundation. The course introduces
basics plasma terminologies, the fluid description of plasma & the wave’s generation
mechanism along with the propagation properties in the framework of fluid theory. An
undergraduate background in classical mechanics, electromagnetic theory including Maxwell's
equations and mathematical familiarity with partial differential equations and complex
analysis are prerequisites.
Course Objectives:
 The course introduces the plasma state, provides the fundamental concepts and basic
criteria sets for plasma.
 To understand the fluid theory of plasma
 To understand collective modes of plasma in the frame work of fluid theory

L1 Introduction: Occurrence of plasma in nature,
L2 Definition of plasma,
L3 concept of temperature,
L4 Debye shielding,
L5 plasma parameters,
L6 Criteria for plasma,
L7 application of plasma physics
L8 Single particle motion: Introduction,
L9 Uniform E and B fields,
186
L10 Non-uniform B field,

L11 Non-uniform E field,
L12 Time-varying E field,
L13 Time-varying B field,
L15 Guiding center drifts,
L16 Adiabatic invariants
L17 Plasma as Fluids: Introduction,
L18 Relation of plasma physics with ordinary electromagnetics,
L19 The fluid equation of motion,
L20 Fluid drift perpendicular to B,
L21 Fluid drift parallel to B,
L22 The plasma approximation
L23 Waves in Plasmas: Representation of waves,
L24 Group velocity, Plasma oscillation,
L26 Electron plasma wave,
L27 sound wave,
L28 Ion waves,
L29 validity of the plasma approximation,
L30 Comparison of ion and electron waves,
L32 Electrostatic electron oscillation perpendicular to B,
L33 Electrostatic ion wave perpendicular to B,
L34 The lower hybrid frequency,
L35 electromagnetic wave with Bo = 0,
L37 Experimental application,
L38 Electromagnetic waves perpendicular to Bo,
L39 Cutoffs and resonance,
L40 Electromagnetic waves parallel to Bo,
L41 Experimental consequences,
L42 Hydromagnetic waves,
L43 Magnetostatic waves,
L45 Summary of elementary plasma waves, Fusion, Fusion schemes
187
87. Atomic Physics in Hot Plasmas
Course code. PHY787
Course Title: Atomic Physics in Hot Plasmas

Recommended Texts: 1. George Schmidt, 1979Physics of High Temperature Plasmas
2. Lasers and Electro-Optics by Christopher Davis, 2nd edition, Cambridge
University Press; 2 edition (May 12, 2014)
3. David Salzman, Oxford University Press, 1988 Atomic Physics in Hot
Plasma
Course Description:
The aim of this course is to provide the students with a coherent and updated comprehensive study that covers the
central subjects of the field. For instant the course includes, statistical models, Average-Atom model, emission
spectrum, unresolved transition arrays, supertransition arrays, radiation transport, escape factors and x-ray lasers.
Course Objectives:
 To understand the ionic properties in hot plasmas and the asscoaited processes
 To analyze the emission spectrum as a means of plasma diagnostics
 To understand the radiation absorbing processes and radiation transport

L1 Basic Plasma Parameter, Statistics, Temperature,
L2 Velocity and Energy Distribution,
L3 Space and Time variation
L4 Modeling of the atomic potential in hot plasmas:
L5 General properties of the models,
L6 Debye-Huckel theory,
L7 plasma coupling constant,
L8 Thomas Fermi Statistical model,
L9 Ion Spare Models,
L10 Ion correlation models
L11 Atomic properties in Hot Plasma
L12 Atomic Level shift and continuum lowering
L13 continuum lowering in weakly coupled plasma
L14 partition function, line shift in plasmas
L15 The detailed plasma principle
L16 Atomic energy levels
L17 transition probabilities
188
L18 electron impact excitation and de excitation,

L19 electron impact ionization and three body recombination
L20 photo ionization and radiative recombination
L21 Population distribution,
L22 local thermodynamic equilibrium,
L23 corona equation
L24 collisional radiative steady state
L25 low density plasmas
L26 the average atomic model
L27 validity condition for LTE and CE
L28 Emission spectrum, continues & line spectrums,
L29 isolated lines, satellite,
L30 unresolved transition arrays,
L31 super transition arrays
L32 Line broadening: line broadening,
L33 Dopler broadening, electron impact broadening,
L34 quasi-static stark broadening,
L35 lyman series
L36 Plasma Diagnostic: measurement of continuous and line spectrum
L37 space resolved plasma diagnostics,
L38 time resolved diagnostics
L39 Absorption spectrum and radiation transport: radiation field in
Thermodynamic equilibrium, absorption of photon by material medium,
L40 continuous & line photo absorption cross section,
L41 basic radiation transport equation
L42 examples,
L43 diffusion approximation,
L44 radiative heat conduction
L45 Rosseland Mean free path.
88. Laser Plasma Diagnostics
Course code. PHY888
Course Title: Laser Plasma Diagnostics

Recommended Texts: 1. IH Hutchinson “Principles of Plasma Diagnostics” 1987,

Cambridge University press.
2. Lasers and Electro-Optics by Christopher Davis, 2nd
189
edition, Cambridge University Press; 2 edition (May 12,

2014)
3. Hans R. Griem “ Principles of Plasma Spectroscopy”
1997, Cambridge university press
Course Description:
This course provides a systematic introduction to the physics behind measurements on
plasmas. Most of the contents (descriptions) are taken from laboratory plasma research, but
the focus on principles makes the treatment useful to all experimental and theoretical plasma
physicists, including those interested in space and astrophysical applications.
Course Objectives:
 To understand the role of plasma parameters in technological devices
 To understand the experimental methods used for study of plasma in nature and in
laboratorydevices
 To understand a good laboratory practice in the field of plasma physics

L1 Review of Basic Optics
L2 electromagnetic waves,
L3 Maxwell’s equation,
L4 Interference,
L5 Diffraction
L6 Polarization
L7 Scattering.
L8 Detectors
L9 Basic Semiconductor
L10 PN junction Diode
L11 Photodiodes
L12 Photodiode Arrays
L13 Photoemissive
L14 Detection Techniques and Electronic Equipment
L15 Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS)
L16 charge-coupled device (CCD)
L17 Streak Cameras
L18 Laser Beam Diagnostic
L19 Interferrometry: Interferometers,
L20 Basic Concepts
L21 Michelson Interferometer
L22 Mach-Zehnder
190
L23 Interferometer
L24 Multiple-Beam Interference
L25 Plane Fabry-Perot Interferometer
L26 Confocal Fabry-Perot Interferometer
L27 Multilayer Dielectric Coatings
L28 Interference Filters
L29 Birefringent Interferometer
L30 Tunable Interferometers
L31 Spectroscopy: Basic Properties
L32 Prism Spectrometer, Grating Spectrometer Optical Spectroscopy
L33 XUV Spectroscopy, X-rays Spectroscopy,
L34 Time-Resolved Laser Spectroscopy
L35 Photomultiplier tubes
L36 image intensifier, Microchannel plate
L37 Raman Spectroscopy
L38 Stark Broadening, Doppler Broadening
L39 Gaussian profile
L40 Lorentizan profile, Virgth Profile
L41 Scattering: Brillion scattering, Raman scattering,
L42 Thomson scattering
L43 Neutron Diagnostics
L44 Proton imaging Diagnostics
L45 Electron Thomson parabola.
191
88. Advance Classical Mechanics
Course code: PHY513

Course Title: Advance Classical Mechanics
Pre-requisite: None
Recommended Texts: 1. Classical Mechanics, H. Goldstein, 3rd Ed., Addison Wesley
Reading, Massachusetts, 2006
2. Classical Dynamics of Particles and System, Jerry B. Marian,
Stephen T. Thornton, 4th Ed., Harcourt Brace & Company,
1995
3. Classical Mechanics, A. Douglas Davis, Academics Press,
1986
Course Description:
Mechanics of a system of particles, Constrains, D’Alembert’s principal and Lagrange’s
equation of motion, Velocity depdentent potentials and dissipation function, Applications
Lagrange’s formulation, Hamilton’s principle, Techniques of calculus of variations,
Derivation of Lagrange’s equation from Hamilton’s principle, Extension of Hamilton’s
principle to Non-homonymic system, Advantages of variational principle formulations,
Conservation theorems and symmetry properties, Energy function and conservation of energy,
Reduction to the equivalent one body problem, The equation of motion and first integrals, The
Virial theorem, Kepler problems, Scattering in a central force field, Transformation of
scattering problems to Laboratory coordinates, The three body problem, Orthogonal
transformations, Formal properties of the transformation matrix, The Euler angles, Euler
theorem on the motion of a rigid body, Finite rotations, Infinitesimal rotations, Coriolios
effect, Angular momentum and kinetic energy of motion about a point, The inertia Tensor and
moment of Inertia, Oscillations, Basic postulate of special theory of relativity, Lorentz
transformations, Vectors and the metric Tensor, Forces in special theory of relativity, The
Lagrangian formulation of relativistic mechanics, Legendre Transformation, Hamilton
Equation of motion, Cyclic coordinates and conservation theorems, Routh procedure,
Hamilton’s formulation of relativistic mechanics, Derivation of Hamilton’s equation from
192
variational principle, Principle of least action, Poisson’s brackets.
Objectives:
The main objectives of this course are to acquaint the students with different approaches such
as Newtonian, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian of classical mechanics.
Lecture Number TOPICS

L1 Brief survey of Newtonian Mechanics of a system of particles
L2 Constraints
L3 D’Alembert’s principal and Lagrange’s equation of motion
L4 Velocity depdentent potentials and dissipation function
L5 Cont…
L6 Applications Lagrange’s formulation
L8 Techniques of calculus of variations
L9 Derivation of Lagrange’s equation from Hamilton’s principle
L10 Extension of Hamilton’s principle to Non-homonymic system
L11 Cont…
L12 Advantages of variational principle formulations
L13 Conservation theorems and symmetry properties
L14 Cont…
L15 Energy function and conservation of energy
L16 Reduction to the equivalent one body problem
L17 The equation of motion and first integrals
L18 Reduction of two body problem to an equivalent one body problem
L19 The Virial theorem
L20 Kepler problems
L21 Cont…,
L22 Scattering in a central force field
L23 Transformation of scattering problems to Laboratory coordinates,
L24 Rutherford scattering formula
L25 The three body problem
L26 Orthogonal transformations
L27 Cont…
193
L28 Formal properties of the transformation matrix

L29 The Euler angles
L30 Cont…
L31 Euler theorem on the motion of a rigid body
L32 Finite rotations
L33 Infinitesimal rotations
L34 Coriolios effect
L35 Angular momentum and kinetic energy of motion about a point
L36 The inertia Tensor and moment of Inertia
L37 Oscillations
L38 Basic postulate of special theory of relativity, Lorentz transformations,
Vectors and the metric Tensor
L39 Forces in special theory of relativity
L40 The Lagrangian formulation of relativistic mechanics, Legendre
Transformation,
L41 Hamilton Equation of motion, Cyclic coordinates and conservation
theorems
L42 Hamilton’s formulation of relativistic mechanics,
L43 Derivation of Hamilton’s equation from variational principle
L44 Principle of least action
L45 Poisson’s brackets

Complete Course Contant

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Scheme of Studies BS Physics

PHY101 Introductory Mechanics (3 0 3) None

MATH107 Basic Calculus (3 0 3) None

CS101 Introduction to Computing (3 3 4) None

1st ENG101 Study Skills (3 0 3) None

RS101 Islamic Studies/Theology (3 0 3) None

PHY191 Lab-I (0 3 1) None

Total Credit Hours Per Semester 17

CHEM105 Introductory Chemistry (23 3) None

PS101 Pakistan Studies (3 0 3) None

PHY192 Lab-II (0 3 1) None

Total Credit Hours Per Semester 17

PHY202 Basics of Magnetism (2 0 2) PHY104

PHY211 Classical Mechanics (3 0 3) PHY101

PHY221 Mathematical Methods of Physics-I (3 0 3) None

PHY203 Introductory Electronics (3 0 3) None

ZOOL107 Introductory Biology (2 0 2) None

PHY291 Lab-III (0 3 1) None

Total Credit Hours Per Semester 18

PHY213 Fluid Mechanics (2 0 2) PHY103

PHY222 Mathematical Methods of Physics-II (3 0 3) PHY221

PHY271 Electromagnetic Theory-I (3 0 3)

SWS103 Social Works and Human Behavior (3 0 3) None

PHY292 Lab-IV (0 3 1) None

Total Credit Hours Per Semester 17

PHY371 Modern Optics (3 0 3) PHY271

PHY372 Electromagnetic Theory-II (3 0 3) PHY271

Total Credit Hours Per Semester 18

PHY361 Computational Physics (3 0 3) PHY221

PHY391 Lab-V (0 3 1) None

Course (TCH LCH

PHY423 Special Theory of Relativity (3 0 3) PHY101

PHY4** Elective (3 0 3) None

PHY4** Elective (3 0 3) None

7th PHY4** Elective (3 0 3) None

PHY4** Elective (3 0 3) None

Literature Survey and Technical

PHY4** Elective (3 0 3) None

8th PHY4** Elective (3 0 3) None

PHY4** Elective (3 0 3) None

PHY492 Technical Presentation (0 6 2) PHY491

List of Elective Courses

PHY471 Principles of Lasers (3 0 3) PHY371

List of Non Credit Courses

S. No. Course Title

2.2 Following Course Pre-Requisites are suggested to be added:

2.3 Following Courses Pre-Requisites are suggested to be removed:

S. No. Course Title Course Code Pre- Requisite

2.4 Following Course title is suggested to be changed:

2.5Following Lab is suggested to be added:

2.6 Following Lab are suggested to be shifted:

S. No. Course Title From Semester To Semester

Scheme of Studies MSc Physics

PHY221 Mathematical Methods of Physics-I (3 0 3) None

2nd PHY331 Thermodynamics (3 0 3) None

ENG102 Communication skills (3 0 3) None

PHY352 Nuclear Physics-I (3 0 3) PHY212

PHY291 Lab-III (0 3 1) None

PHY351 Atomic and Molecular Physics (3 0 3) PHY212

MPHIL AND PHD PROGRAM

3. 2 Following Course title is suggested to be changed:

3.3 Following Courses is suggested to be added: