? ? ? The Dash ? ? ?
Instructions: remember to write your team letter, the problem number, and your answer (in simplest form) on your slip
of paper before leaving your seat. Naturally, you may not work on questions while waiting to show your answer to the
judges. Therefore you should bring only the solution slip with you when you dash to the front. You may bring only one
solution slip at a time to the judges, and each team may submit only one answer per question. Good luck, and have fun!
1. Between √
which two
√ consecutive in-
tegers does 23 + 39 lie?
2. Find four positive integers a, b, c,
and d which make the following sen-
tence true: “This sentence contains
the digit 1 a times, the digit 2 b times,
the digit 3 c times, and the digit 4 d
times.”
3. Consider all pairs of numbers
(m, n) with 1 ≤ m < n ≤ 21. What
is the sum of the products of all such
pairs of numbers?
4. Find the radius of the sphere which
passes through points A, B, C, and D
in space if 6 BAC, 6 CAD, and 6 BAD
are right angles and AB = AC =
AD = 6.
5. Find the smallest positive integer
that can be written as the sum of two
positive squares in two different ways.
6. Points A and B lie on a circle with
center O such that the measure of mi-
nor arc AB is 80◦ . A second circle is
drawn passing through points A, B,
and O. Determine the measure of arc
AOB on the second circle, in degrees.
7. If the parabola y = ax2 + 6 is tan-
gent to the line y = x, then calculate
the value of the constant a.
8. Sally is really bored, so she writes
down all the positive integers from 1
to 1000. How many times does she
write the digit 1?
9. Calculate
√
the greatest integer less
than 3 .3
10. Find the maximum value that the
expression (a − b)/c can attain if a,
b, and c are distinct integers strictly
between 100 and 200.
11. Determine the smallest number n
such that a single square can be tiled
with n smaller squares which aren’t all
the same size.
12. Triangle ABC has sides of length
AB = 9, AC = 10, and BC = 11.
Points D and E are situated on sides
AB and AC so that AD = 6 and
AE = 9. Find the area of 4ADE.
13. A circle with radius 29 is centered
at the origin. Through the interior of
how many lattice squares does it pass?
A lattice square is a square of area 1
whose vertices all have integer coordi-
nates, and its interior does not include
the sides or vertices.
14. A frog can jump forward (but
never backward) any number of lily
pads. Starting on the first of a row
of twelve lily pads, in how many ways
can the frog jump to the last? (For
example, one possibility is to jump to
the third, then to the seventh, then to
the twelfth.)
15. If c and d are distinct
√ one-digit
√ If f (f (f (a))) = a, then find f (a).
positive integers with c d = d/ c,
then find the sum c + d.
16. Triangle ABC has a right angle
at C, m6 B = 30◦ , and AB = 12. Let
P be chosen at random inside 4ABC
and draw cevian AD through P , with
D on side BC. What
√ is the probabil-
ity that AD ≤ 6 2?
17. Suzy drives around the equator
of a small planet. If her car’s tires
have a diameter of 100 cm and the
planet is spherical with radius 1000
km, then how many rotations do her
wheels make during the trip?
18. Find the sum of the digits of the
number 20034 − 19974 .
19. The numbers 1, 2, . . . , 999 are “al-
phabetized” by comparing them digit
by digit from left to right. Determine
the 200th number in this ordering. (It
begins 1, 10, 100, 101, 102, . . . .)
20. Abbott taps on the table at a
steady rate of 40 taps per minute,
while Costello taps at a rate of only 32
times per minute. If I hear their taps
coincide, then how many seconds must
I wait to hear them coincide again?
21. In how many ways may the letters
from A to H be arranged in a row so
that A precedes B, C precedes D, E
precedes F , and G precedes H?
22. What is the largest number of
separate regions into which five planes
may divide space?
23. Define a function f (x) = 2x + 1.
24. Let E be the sum of the first 100
positive even numbers, and let O be
the sum of the first 100 positive odd
numbers. Calculate (E + O)/(E − O).
25. A real number b is chosen at ran-
dom from the interval −3 ≤ b ≤ 3.
Find the probability that x2 + bx + 1
has two distinct real roots.
 ? ? ? The Dash ? ? ?
Instructions: remember to write your team letter, the problem number, and your answer (in simplest form) on your slip
of paper before leaving your seat. Naturally, you may not work on questions while waiting to show your answer to the
judges. Therefore you should bring only the solution slip with you when you dash to the front. You may bring only one
solution slip at a time to the judges, and each team may submit only one answer per question. Good luck, and have fun!
26. Let z be a complex number in the
first quadrant of the complex plane. In
which quadrant is −1/z̄ located? (As
customary, z̄ means the complex con-
jugate of z.)
27. Triangle ABC has sides of length
AB = 9, AC = 7, and BC = 8.
The angle bisectors of angles 6 A and
6 B meet sides BC and AC at points
X and Y , and the bisectors intersect
at I. Determine the ratio of the area
of 4AY I to the area of 4BXI.
28. Amy and Joey are situated on a
circular track 400 feet around. Joey
starts running at a rate of 10 feet per
second. Amy waits for a full minute,
then starts running from the same
point (in the same direction) at 12 feet
per second. How many seconds elapse
before Amy passes Joey on the track?
29. Quadrilateral ABCD has side
lengths AB = 6, BC = 7, CD = 8,
and AD = 9. A circle is drawn that
is tangent to sides AD, AB, and BC.
If X and Y are the points of tangency
to sides AD and BC, then compute
CY + DX.
30. There are six types of quarks. A
baryon is any unordered set of three
quarks, and the quarks do not have
to be different. How many types of
baryons are there?
31. Sam’s band has six members, but
only four of them play together for a
concert. In addition, no three mem-
bers can play together in more than
one performance. How many concerts
can Sam’s band give, at most?
32. How many solutions are there to
the inequality 13a + 17b < 221, where
a and b are positive integers?
33. If log2 x = log3 y = log36 17, then
compute xy.
34. Solve for a17 if a1 + a2 + a3 = 1,
a2 + a3 + a4 = 2, . . . , a16 + a17 + a1 =
16, and a17 + a1 + a2 = 17.
35. In a round robin tournament, each
player competes against every other
player exactly once. If every player
wins an even number of games, what
is the smallest number of players there
could be in the tournament?
36. The population of Decatur de-
creased by 20% during 1991, but then
increased by 16 32 % during 1992. Over-
all, the population dropped by a total
of 3000 people during this two year pe-
riod. What was the population of De-
catur at the outset of 1991?
4 3 4 2 3
37. Which of 23 , 24 , 32 , 34 , 42 ,
2
and 43 is the largest?
38. A point is chosen at random inside
a square of side length 2 cm. What is
the probability that the point is within
1
4 cm of at least one of the sides?
39. In trapezoid ABCD with area 30,
the sides AB and CD are parallel and
AB = 2(CD). If point E is chosen on
side BC, then what is the maximum
possible area of 4ADE?
40. There are 11 men and 24 women
at a dance. Lisa and Claire each insist
upon having a male partner (any one
will do) for every song. If there is no
partner changing during songs, what
is the minimum number of songs that
must be played so that every woman
can dance with every man?
41. Let us define a ∗ b to mean 4a /2b .
Find the value of x for which x∗2 = 4.
42. Philip writes the integers from 1
to 2000 on a large sheet of paper. He
proceeds to erase all the multiples of 3,
then all the multiples of 5, and so on,
erasing all the multiples of each odd
prime. How many numbers are left
when he finishes?
43. In right triangle 4ABC with right
angle at C and m6 A = 36◦ , the in-
scribed circle is tangent to sides AB,
AC, and BC at points T , S, and R,
respectively. Determine m6 RT S.
44. Find the measure, in degrees, of
the smallest positive angle θ for which
sin 3θ = cos 7θ.
45. Find the average of all distinct
four-digit numbers formed by permut-
ing the digits of 1993.
46. A set of points is chosen on the
circumference of a circle such that the
number of different triangles with ver-
tices among the points is equal to
the number of pentagons. How many
points are there?
47. In a basketball game, Paly has
four times as many points as Gunn. A
Gunn player sinks a three-point shot,
at which point Paly has only three
times as many points. How many
points does Paly have?
48. In how many ways can three
squares be chosen from a five by five
grid of squares so that no two chosen
squares lie in the same row or column?
49. Find the length of the longest di-
agonal of a regular dodecagon (a 12-
sided polygon) whose side length is 1.
50. Find all integers n which make
n2 − 5n + 6 a positive prime number.
 TEAM QUESTION Create 2005 points of intersection
with exactly 505 lines:
Just as in the warm-up today, your goal is to find a
way to create exactly 2005 points of intersection in
the Euclidean plane using a prescribed number of
lines. Write your solutions to the five questions in
the blanks on this page, presenting them in a clear,
easy to verify format. For example, to create 40
points of intersection with exactly 12 lines, we can
use the configuration below:
4 concurrent lines, 7 parallel
lines, and 1 other line give

(4)(7)+(7)(1)+(4)(1)+1=40
..
. points in total with 12 lines.

Create 2005 points of intersection Create 2005 points of intersection

with exactly 406 lines: with exactly 307 lines:

Create 2005 points of intersection Create 2005 points of intersection

with exactly 208 lines: with exactly 109 lines: