Nine Parts of Speech

(စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ စ စစစစစ)

1. Noun = စစစစ

2. Pronoun = စစစစစစစ

3. Adjective = စစစစစစစစစ

4. Verb = စစစစစ

5. Adverb = စစစစစစစစစစစ

6. Preposition = စစစစစ

7. Conjunction = စစစစစ

8. Interjection = စစစစစစစစ

9. Article = စစစစစစ

Noun (နနနန)
 The simplest definition of a noun is a thing and nouns are the
basic building blocks of sentences. These things can represent a person,
animal, place, idea and emotion. The more nouns you know in a
language, the better you will be able to communicate your ideas.

Types of Nouns

(နနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနနန)

1. Proper Noun စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ

2. Common Noun စစစစစစစစစစစစစစ

3. Abstract Noun စစစစစစစစစ

စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ
4. Concrete Noun စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ
စစစစစစစစစစစစစစ

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 5. Collective Noun စစစစစစစစစ

6. Verbal Noun စစစစစစစစစ

7. Countable Noun စစစစစစ၍ စစစစစစစစစ

8. Uncountable Noun စစစစစစ၍ စစစစစစစစ

9. Material Noun စစစၽစစစစ

10. Compound Noun စစစစစစစစစစစစစ

1. Proper Noun (နနနနနနနနနနနနနနန)

စစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစစ စစစစစ စစစစစ
စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစ စစစစစစ
စစစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစ
A proper noun is a noun directly associated with an entity and
primarily used to refer to that entity, such as London, Jupiter, Sharon, or
Microsoft.

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2. Common Noun (နနနနနနနနနနနနနန)
စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ စစစၢ စစစစစ စစစစစစ စစစစစစစ
စစစစစ စစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစ

Common nouns are words used to name general items rather than specific
ones. Go into your living room. What do you see? Lamp, chair, couch, TV,
window, painting, pillow, candle – all of these items are named using common
nouns.

Common nouns are everywhere, and you use them all the time, even if you
don’t realize it. Wherever you go, you’ll find at least one common noun. Street,
closet, bathroom, school, mall, gas station; all of these places are named using
common nouns.

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 3. Abstract Noun (နနနနနနနနန)

စစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ၍စစစ
စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ
စစစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစ
စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ

Abstract nouns are words that name things that are not concrete. Your five
physical senses cannot detect an abstract noun – you can’t see it, smell it, taste it, hear
it, or touch it. In essence, an abstract noun is a quality, a concept, an idea, or maybe
even an event.

Feelings States Emotions Qualities Concepts Ideas Events

Anxiety Being Anger Beauty Charity Beliefs Adventure

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Confusion Chaos Despair Beauty Comfort Communication Birthday
Fear Freedom Happiness Brilliance Culture Curiosity Career
Pain Liberty Hate Courage Deceit Democracy Childhood
Pleasure Luxury Indifference Dedication Energy Friendship Death
Satisfaction Misery Joy Determination Failure Interest Future
Sensitivity Nervousness Grief Generosity Faith Knowledge Holiday
Stress Openness Love Honesty Motivation Thought Life
Sympathy Peace Sadness Patience Opportunity Sacrifice Marriage
Warmth Pessimism Sorrow Trust Perseverance Wisdom Past

4. Concrete Noun (နနနနနနနနနနန)

စစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ
စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ
စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစစစစ
စစစစစစစစစ
Concrete nouns are nouns that you can physically see and touch. This is
generally easy to understand. If you look around you wherever you are, chances are
that you will see hundreds of concrete nouns. They include common ones like
clothes or windows, but also more rare ones like fossil or toothpick.

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5. Collective Noun (နနနနနနနနန)
စစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ
စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ

Collective nouns are names for a collection or a number of people or things.

Words like group and herd are collective noun examples.

List of Common Collective Nouns

 Herd– A group of herbivore animals

 Pack– A group of canine animals such as wolves or dogs; also used to describe
playing cards and packages containing multiple objects
 Flock– A group of birds; also used to discuss small hooved animals such as sheep or
goats
 Swarm– A group of insects
 Shoal– A group of fish
 Group – A very general term used to describe people, places, things, and animals
 Crowd – Usually used to describe a group of people

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 Gang – Usually used to describe a group of criminals; also used to describe a group
of workers, particularly sailors or dock workers
 Mob – Normally used to describe an angry or unruly group of people; also used to
describe a group of kangaroos
 Staff – A group of people who work in the same place
 Crew – Usually used to denote a group of workers; also used to describe aircraft and
ships personnel
 Choir – A large, organized group of singers
 Orchestra – A large, organized group of instrumentalists, led by a conductor
 Panel – A group of experts
 Board – A group of people, usually professionals, who take on an advisory role
 Troupe – A group of actors or acrobats; also used to describe a group of monkeys
 Bunch – Usually a group of smallish objects such as grapes, flowers, keys, or bananas
 Pile – An untidy collection of items such as rubbish
 Heap – A mounded collection of items; used interchangeably with “pile”
 Set – A tidy group of matched objects such as dishes; also used to describe rules or a
social group of people
 Stack – A group of items neatly laid one on top of another; i.e., a stack of books
 Series – Used to discuss movies, books, or events that follow one after another, i.e.
Star Trek or Harry Potter
 Shower – Usually used to describe rain, although it can be used to describe gifts or
compliments
 Fall – Often used to discuss weather, such as rain, snow or hail

6. Verbal Noun (နနနနနနနနန)

A verbal noun is a noun derived from a verb. It exhibits all of the properties
of ordinary nouns and none of the properties of verbs. A verbal noun can have plural
forms just like a noun. It can also occur with determiners and adjectives. In English,
verbal nouns are formed with a variety of suffixes. Examples are given below:

arrive (verb) / arrival (noun)

decide (verb) / decision (noun)
destroy (verb) / destruction (noun)
fly (verb) / flight (noun)

 He sudden arrival surprised me.

 He has not yet announced his decision.
 He boarded a flight to Chicago.

A verbal noun can be identical to its source verb.

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 Examples are: return (verb) / return (noun),

attack (verb) / attack (noun).

The verbal noun is the -ing form, i.e. the present participle of the verb, used as
a noun. It can be used in all the places that a noun can be used, but still keeps some
characteristics of the verb. It is sometimes called the gerund.

 The screaming of the brakes terrified me.

 Smoking is prohibited.

7. Countable Noun (နနနနနန၍ နနနနနနနန)

Anything that can be counted, whether singular – a dog, a house, a friend, etc. or plural –
a few books, lots of oranges, etc. is a countable noun. The following countable noun examples
will help you to see the difference between countable and uncountable nouns. Notice that
singular verbs are used with singular countable nouns, while plural verbs are used with plural
countable nouns.

8. Uncountable Noun (နနနနနန၍ နနနနနနနနန)

Anything that cannot be counted is an uncountable noun. Even though uncountable

nouns are not individual objects, they are always singular and one must always use singular
verbs in conjunction with uncountable nouns. The following uncountable noun examples will
help you to gain even more understanding of how countable and uncountable nouns differ
from one another. Notice that singular verbs are always used with uncountable nouns.

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9. Material Noun (နနနၽနနနန)
စစစစစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစ စစစစစ
စစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစ Material Noun စစစစစစစစစ

Examples of Material Nouns

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 paddy နနနန steel နနနနန
rice စစစ lead စစ
cotton စစစစစစစ wood စစစစစစ
wheat စစစစ paper စစစစ
teak စစစစစစစစစ meat စစစစ
coffee စစစစစစ beef စစစစစစ
oil စစ pork စစစစစစ
salt စစစ fish စစစ
gold စစစ mutton စစစစစစစ
silver စစစ milk စစစစစစစစ
iron စစ water စစ
stone စစစစစစစစ glass စစစ
wool စစစစစစစစ brass စစစစစစ
silk စစစစစ copper စစစစစစ
10. Compound Noun (နနနနနနနနနနနနန)
စစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစ စစစစစစစစစစစစစ
စစစစစ စစစစစစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစ စစစစစ
စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ

A compound noun is a noun that is formed from two or more words. The
meaning of the whole compound is often different from the meaning of the two words
on their own. Compound nouns are very common. The main noun is normally the last
one.
teapot headache
washing machine driving licence
self-control CD burner

Compound nouns are commonly formed from the following word combinations:

Compound nouns can be written:

 as one word.

bookcase wallpaper
birdcage snowflake

 as two words.

post office fire engine

eye shadow cough sweets

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 with a hyphen.

window-cleaner air-conditioning
lamp-post tee-shirt

cowboy drumstick
(စစစစစစစစ စစစစစစစစစစစစ
စစစစစစစစစစစစစစ)

egg plant goose berry

(စစစစစစစစ) (စစစစစစစစစ)

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 honey dew gold image
(စစစစစစစစစ) စစစစစစစစစစစစ

lady finger star fruit

(စစစစစစစစစစ) (စစစစစစစစစစစစစ)

Nouns – Number

RULES FOR CONVERTING SINGULAR TO PLURAL NOUNS

Rule 1. Add ‘s’ at the end of a singular noun to make it plural.

SINGULAR NOUNS PLURAL NOUNS

Cup, plate, tray, mug
Tree, plant, flower
Jar, car, van, truck
Train, aeroplane, key
Shirt, apple, frock
Cups, plates, trays, mugs
Trees, plants, flowers
Jars, cars, vans, trucks
Trains, aeroplanes, keys
Shirts, apples, frocks

Rule 2. Singular nouns ending in 's', 'ss', 'sh', 'ch', 'x', ‘o’ or 'z' need an 'es' at the end
to become plural.

SINGULAR NOUNS PLURAL NOUNS

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box, dish, brush, glass boxes, dishes, brushes, glasses
Church, class churches, classes
Bus, watch, pass buses, watches, passes
Fox, tax, dress, mango foxes, taxes, dresses, mangoes
Potato, tomato, branch potatoes, tomatoes, branches

Exceptions to rule 2
The following are some exceptions to the above mentioned rule.

SINGULAR NOUNS PLURAL NOUNS

quiz Quizzes
ox Oxen
Radio, photo Radios, photos

Irregular Plurals

Rule 1. Some nouns are the same in both their singular and plural forms.

SINGULAR NOUNS PLURAL NOUNS

Pants Pants

scissors scissors

Trousers Trousers

Rule 2. Some nouns ending in 'f‘ or ‘fe’ require that you change the 'f' to a 'v' and then
add an 'es' at the end to make them plural.

SINGULAR NOUNS PLURAL NOUNS

Leaf, thief Leaves, thieves
Loaf, calf, shelf Loaves, calves, shelves

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Knife, wife, wolf Knives, wives, wolves
Life, dwarf Lives, dwarves
Half, self, scarf Halves, selves, scarves

Exceptions to Rule 2.
The following are some exceptions to the above mentioned rule

SINGULAR NOUNS PLURAL NOUNS

Roof, cuff, proof Roofs, cuffs, proofs
Cliff, chief, chef Cliffs, chiefs, chefs
Dwarf, handkerchief Dwarfs, handkerchiefs

Rule 3. Nouns that end in 'y‘ preceded by a consonant require that you change the 'y'
to an 'i', and then add an 'es' at the end to make them plural.

SINGULAR NOUNS PLURAL NOUNS

Baby, lady, army
Fly, university
Country, city, enemy
Library, dictionary
Puppy, diary
Babies, ladies, armies
Flies, universities
Countries, cities, enemies
Libraries, dictionaries
Puppies, diaries

Rule 4. Nouns that end in 'y' preceded by a vowel require that you add 's' at the end
to make them plural.

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SINGULAR NOUNS PLURAL NOUNS
Monkey, boy Monkeys, boys
Key, toy, turkey Keys, toys, turkeys
Day, delay Days, delays
Tray, prey Trays, preys

Rule 5. In a hyphenated compound word, you must change the first word into plural
form.

SINGULAR NOUNS PLURAL NOUNS

Mother-in-law Mothers-in-law
Editor-in-chief Editors-in-chief
Runner-up Runners-up
Grandson-in-law Grandsons-in-law

Rule 6. Some singular nouns change into new words in the plural form.

SINGULAR NOUNS PLURAL NOUNS

Man, woman, child Men, women, children
Foot, tooth Feet, teeth
Mouse, goose, chick Mice, geese, chicken
Ox, die, person Oxen, dice, people

Rule 7. Nouns that end in ‘ex' require that you replace ‘ex’ with ‘ices’ at the end to make
them plural.

SINGULAR NOUNS PLURAL NOUNS

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vertex Vertices
index indices

Noun – Gender
(နနနန)
The nature of male and female is called Gender. There are four kinds of
Gender.
စစစစ စစ စစစစစစစ စစစစစစ စစစစစစစ စစစစ (စ)
စစစစစစစစစစစစ`

1. Mesculine = စစစစစစစ (စစစစစစစစ)

2. Femine = ဣစစစစစစစ (စစ စစစစ)

3. neuter = စစစစစစစစ (စစစစ စစ

စစစစစစစစစစစစစ)
4. common Gender = စစစစစစစ (စစစစ စစ
စစစစစစစစစစစစ)

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 စစ
Male စစစစ Female

ram စစစစစစစ ewe

buck စစစစစစစ doe

he – bear စစစစစစစစ she- bear

boar စစစစစစ sow

drake စစစစစစစစစ duck

buck rabbit စစစစစစစ doe rabbit

stallion စစစစစစစစ mare

fox စစစစစစစ vixen

gander စစစစစစစစစ goose

drone စစစစစစစ bee

ox စစစစစစစ cow

peacock စစစစစစစစစ peahen

he – goat စစစစစစစ she – goat

bull – elephant စစစစစစ cow – elephant

cock – sparrow hen – sparrow

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tiger tigress

tom cat tabby cat

cock hen

lion lioness

Pronoun (စစစစစစစ)

A pronoun is defined as a word or phrase that is used as a substitution

for a noun or noun phrase. Pronouns are short words and can do everything
that nouns can do and are one of the building blocks of a sentence. Common
pronouns are he, she, you, me, I, we, us, this, them, that. A pronoun can act
as a subject, direct object, indirect object, object of the preposition, and more
and takes the place of any person, place, animal or thing.
Kinds of Pronouns

1. Personal Pronoun = စစစၢ စစစစစစစစ

First Person = စစစစစစစစစစစစစ
Second Person = စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ
Third Person = စစစစစစစစစစစစစစ
2. Relative Pronouns = စစစစစစစစစစစ
= စစစစစစစစစ စစစစစ
3. Subject and Object Pronouns
စစစစစစစစစစစစ
4. Demonstrative Pronouns = စစစစစစစစစစစစစ

5. Indefinite Pronouns = စစစစစစစစစစစစစ

6. Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns = စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ

7. Possessive Pronouns = စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ

8. Interrogative Pronouns = စစစစစစစစစစ

= စစစစစစစစစစ
9. Reciprocal pronouns
စစစစစစစစစစစစစစစစ

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1. Personal Pronouns

There are a few different types of pronouns, and some pronouns

belong to more than one category. She and her are known as personal
pronouns. The other personal pronouns are I and me, you, he and him, it, we
and us, and they and them. If you learned about pronouns in school, these are
probably the words your teacher focused on. We’ll get to the other types of
pronouns in a moment.

2. Relative Pronouns

Relative pronouns make up another class of pronouns. They are used to

connect relative clauses to independent clauses. Often, they introduce
additional information about something mentioned in the sentence.

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 Relative pronouns include that, what, which, who, and whom.
Traditionally, who refers to people, and which and that refer to animals or
things.

 The woman who called earlier didn’t leave a message.

 All the dogs that got adopted today will be loved.
 My car, which is nearly twenty years old, still runs well.

3. Who vs. Whom—Subject and Object Pronouns

Who is a subject pronoun, like I, he, she, we, and they.

Whom is an object pronoun, like me, him, her, us and them.

 Please mail it to I. / Please mail it to me.

 Ms. Higgins caught they passing notes. / Ms. Higgins caught them
passing notes.
 Is this cake for we? / Is this cake for us?

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4. Demonstrative Pronouns

That, this, these and those are demonstrative pronouns. They take
the place of a noun or noun phrase that has already been mentioned. This is
used for singular items that are nearby. These is used for multiple items that
are nearby. The distance can be physical or metaphorical.

5. Indefinite Pronouns

Indefinite pronouns are used when you need to refer to a person or thing
that doesn’t need to be specifically identified. Some common indefinite
pronouns are one, other, none, some, anybody, everybody, and no one.

 Everybody was late to work because of the traffic jam. It matters more
to some than others. Nobody knows the trouble I’ve seen.

 (When indefinite pronouns function as subjects of a sentence or clause,

they usually take singular verbs.)

6. Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns

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23
7. Possessive Pronouns

Possessive pronouns come in two flavors: limiting and absolute. My,

your, its, his, her, our, their and whose are used to show that something
belongs to an antecedent.

 Sarah is working on her application.

 Just put me back on my bike.
 The students practiced their presentation after school.

The absolute possessive pronouns are mine, yours, his, hers, ours, and theirs.
The absolute forms can be substituted for the thing that belongs to the
antecedent.

 Are you finished with your application?

 Sarah already finished hers.
 The blue bike is mine.
 I practiced my speech and the students practiced theirs.

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8. Interrogative Pronouns

Interrogative pronouns are used in questions.

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9. Reciprocal Pronoun

A reciprocal pronoun is a pronoun which is used to indicate that two or

more people are carrying out or have carried out an action of some type, with
both receiving the benefits or consequences of that action simultaneously.
Any time something is done or given in return, reciprocal pronouns are used.
The same is true any time mutual action is expressed.

There are only two reciprocal pronouns. Both of them allow you to
make sentences simpler. They are especially useful when you need to
express the same general idea more than once.

 Each other
 One another

Maria and Juan gave each other gold rings on their wedding day.
Maria and Juan kissed each other at the end of the ceremony.
Terry and Jack were talking to each other in the hallway.
The students congratulated one another after giving practice speeches.
The kids spent the afternoon kicking the ball to one another.
The defendants blamed one another for the crime they were charged with.

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Identifying adjectives
There is no general rule for making adjectives. We know they are adjectives usually by what
they do (their function) in a sentence. However, some word endings (suffixes) are typical of
adjectives.

suffix examples
-able, -ible comfortable, readable, incredible, invisible
-al, -ial comical, normal, musical, industrial, presidential
-ful beautiful, harmful, peaceful, wonderful
-ic classic, economic, heroic, romantic
-ical aeronautical, alphabetical, political
-ish British, childish, Irish, foolish
-ive, -ative active, alternative, creative, talkative
-less endless, motionless, priceless, timeless
-eous, -ious, -ous spontaneous, hideous, ambitious, anxious, dangerous, famous
-y angry, busy, wealthy, windy
Warning:

Adjectives ending in -ic and -ical often have different meanings:

The economic policy of this government has failed.

A diesel car is usually more economical than a petrol one.

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Types of Adjectives: Limiting Adjectives
Limiting adjectives do as their name suggests, they limit the noun being described.
Generally, there are nine types of limiting adjectives as follows:

 Definite & Indefinite Articles

 Possessive Adjectives
 Demonstrative Adjectives
 Indefinite Adjectives
 Interrogative Adjectives
 Cardinal Adjectives
 Ordinal Adjectives
 Proper Adjectives
 Nouns used as Adjectives

Descriptive Adjectives
What is a descriptive adjective in English?

Generally, a descriptive adjective is probably what you think of when you hear the word
“adjective.” Descriptive adjectives describe nouns and pronouns.

In fact, descriptive adjectives can be attributive adjectives or predicate adjectives.

Attributive Adjectives

Adjectives which appear directly beside the noun, most commonly before, are called
attributive, because they attribute a quality to the noun they modify. And, more than one
adjective can modify the same noun.

Examples:

The flowers have a nice smell. (“Nice” is an attributive adjective, as it is placed).

The chatter made the room noisy. (This is an instance in which the attributive
adjective appears directly behind the noun. “Noisy” is describing the “room.”)

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Predicate Adjectives

Adjectives which appear after a linking verb are predicative adjectives, because they form
part of the predicate. Hence, they modify the subject of the sentence or clause (a clause is a
portion of a sentence which contains a subject and a predicate).

Examples:

The pickles are salty. (noun: pickle, linking verb: are, adjective: salty (describing the
noun”pickles”))

Tornadoes appear menacing. (noun: tornadoes, linking verb: appear, adjective: menacing
(describing the noun “tornadoes”))

Adjective of quantity

An adjective of quantity tells us the number (how many) or amount (how much) of
a noun. But it doesn't say exactly how many or how much.

Examples:

o He has eaten three apples.

o I don't have enough girlfriends.
o They brought along a few sandwiches.
o There is only one little book on the bookshelf.
o There are some birds in that tree.
o We have much wine for the guests..
o Why does a centipede has many legs?.

Definite & Indefinite Articles

There is only one definite article, the. When used before a noun, it specifies a particular
noun as opposed to any one.

Examples:

The cat (a specific, identifiable cat)

The cottages (specific, identifiable cottages)

There are two indefinite articles, a and an. These are used with a noun when a specific noun
is not being pointed at.

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Examples:

A lion (any lion)

An ant (any ant)

Possessive Adjectives

The possessive adjectives my, your, his, her, its, our, and their modify nouns by showing
possession or ownership.

Examples:

I forgot my key at home.

What is your phone number?

The bookstore sold his favorite book.

After many years, they returned to their homeland.

We’ll make our decision and contact the people involved.

The cat chased its ball down the stairs and into the backyard.

Demonstrative Adjectives

What are demonstrative adjectives in English?

The demonstrative adjectives “this,” “these,” “that,” “those,” and “what” are identical to the
demonstrative pronouns, but are used as adjectives to modify nouns or noun phrases.

Examples:

That dog is so adorable.

He lives in this house.

My friend preferred those plates.

These books are too expensive.

The relationship between a demonstrative adjective and a demonstrative pronoun is similar to

the relationship between a possessive adjective and a possessive pronoun, or to that between
a interrogative adjective and an interrogative pronoun.

Interrogative Adjectives

What is an interrogative adjective in English?

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An interrogative adjective (“which” or “what”) is like an interrogative pronoun, except that it
modifies a noun or noun phrase rather than standing on its own (see also demonstrative
adjectives and possessive adjectives).

Examples:

Which method is likely to produce the best results?

What subject did you enjoy most?

Indefinite Adjectives

What is an indefinite adjective in English?

An indefinite adjective is similar to an indefinite pronoun, except that it modifies a noun,

pronoun, or noun phrase.

Examples:

Many people continue to ignore warnings about the dangers of sunbathing.

The examiners can pitch on any student to answer questions.

There were a few people sitting at the back of the hall.

All children should be taught to swim.

Cardinal Adjectives

Adjectives that modify the noun by numbering it (stating how many) are cardinal adjectives.

Examples:

Five pens

Six tables

Ordinal Adjectives

An ordinal adjective indicates the position of a noun in a series.

Examples:

The first date

The third month

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Proper Adjectives

Adjectives derived from proper names are called proper adjectives. They are easily
recognizable in that they are always capitalized.

Examples:

Japanese food

Russian opera

Nouns Used as Adjectives

Sometimes nouns can be used as adjectives to define or describe another noun.

Examples:

The computer exhibition

A history teacher

Possessive Adjectives

As the name indicates, possessive adjectives are used to indicate possession. They are:

 My
 Your
 His
 Her
 Its
 Our
 Their

Possessive adjectives also function as possessive pronouns.

Demonstrative Adjectives

Like the article the, demonstrative adjectives are used to indicate or demonstrate specific
people, animals, or things. These, those, this and that are demonstrative adjectives.

 These books belong on that

 This movie is my favorite.
 Please put those cookies on the blue plate.

Coordinate Adjectives

Coordinate adjectives are separated with commas or the word and, and appear one after
another to modify the same noun. The adjectives in the phrase bright, sunny day and long and
dark night are coordinate adjectives. In phrases with more than two coordinate adjectives, the

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word and always appears before the last one; for example: The sign had big, bold, and bright
letters.

Be careful, because some adjectives that appear in a series are not coordinate. In the phrase
green delivery truck, the words green and delivery are not separated by a comma because
green modifies the phrase delivery truck. To eliminate confusion when determining whether a
pair or group of adjectives is coordinate, just insert the word and between them. If and works,
then the adjectives are coordinate and need to be separated with a comma.

Numbers Adjectives

When they’re used in sentences, numbers are almost always adjectives. You can tell that a
number is an adjective when it answers the question “How many?”

 The stagecoach was pulled by a team of six

 He ate 23 hotdogs during the contest, and was sick afterwards.

Interrogative Adjectives

There are three interrogative adjectives: which, what, and whose. Like all other types of
adjectives, interrogative adjectives modify nouns. As you probably know, all three of these
words are used to ask questions.

 Which option sounds best to you?

 What time should we go?
 Whose socks are those?

Indefinite Adjectives

Like the articles a and an, indefinite adjectives are used to discuss non-specific things. You
might recognize them, since they’re formed from indefinite pronouns. The most common
indefinite adjectives are any, many, no, several, and few.

 Do we have any peanut butter?

 Grandfather has been retired for many
 There are no bananas in the fruit bowl.
 I usually read the first few pages of a book before I buy it.
 We looked at several cars before deciding on the best one for our family.

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