INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING

(Autonomous)
Dundigal, Hyderabad - 500 043

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

S.No Question Answer

1 In the diode equation, the voltage equivalent of temperature is B
A. 11600/T
B. T/11600
C. T X 11600
D. 11600/T2
2 In an intrinsic Semiconductor the free electron concentration depends on C
A. effective mass of electrons only
B. effective mass of holes only
C. temperature of the semiconductor.
D. width of the forbidden energy hand of the semiconductor
3 In an intrinsic semiconductor, the Fermi level A
A. Lies at the center of forbidden energy gap.
B. Is near the conduction band.
C. Is near the valence band.
D. May be anywhere in the forbidden energy gap.
4 In a PN junction, the region containing the immobile acceptor and donor ions is A
Called ____________
A. Depletion region
B. Decreases as temperature increases
C. remains constant even when temperature varies
D. Increases at low temperatures and remain constant at high temperatures
5 Zener diodes with breakdown voltages less than 5 V operate predominantly in what B
type of breakdown?
A. Avalanche
B. Zener
C. Varactor
D. Schottky
6 An SCR combines the features of ………….. B
A. rectifier and resistance
B. A rectifier and transistor
C. A rectifier and capacitor
D. Amplifier and switch
7 An SCR is a ……………….. triggered device B
A. Voltage
B. Current
C. Voltage as well as current
D. Pulse
8 An SCR can exercise control over ………. of a.c. supply D
A. Positive half-cycles only
B. Negative half-cycles only
 C. Both positive and negative half-cycles
D. Positive or negative half-cycles
9 For full-wave rectified sine wave, rms value is B

A. 0.707 im
B. 0.6036 im
C. 0.5 im
D. 0.318 im .
10 A varactor is a pn junction diode that always operates in ________-bias and is doped B
to ________ the inherent capacitance of the depletion region.
A. forward, maximize
B. reverse, maximize
C. reverse, minimize
D. forward, minimize
11 The β of a transistor may be determined directly from the curve plotted between A
A. VCE and IC for constant IB
B. VCE and IC for constant IE
C. VCE and IE for constant IB
D. VBE and IE for constant VCE
12 What is an essential possible condition of biasing for a transistor to operate in an active C
region?
A. Forward biasing of emitter base & collector base junctions
B. Reverse biasing of emitter-base & collector-base junctions
C. Forward biasing of emitter base & Reverse biasing of collector-base junctions
D. Reverse biasing of emitter-base & Forward biasing of collector-base junctions
13 Voltage-divider bias provides B
A. an unstable Q point
B. a stable Q point
C. a Q point that easily varies with changes in the transistor's current gain
D. a Q point that is stable and easily varies with changes in the transistor’s current gain
14 N-channel FETs are superior to P-channel FETs because D
A. They have higher input impedance
B. They have higher switching time
C. They consume less power
D. Mobility of electrons is greater than holes
15 Pinch-off voltage in a JFET is C
A.the drain voltage that gives zero drain current
B.the gate to source voltage that gives unity drain current
C.the gate to source voltage that gives zero drain current
D.the drain voltage that gives infinite drain current
16 In a JFET, the primary control on drain current is exerted by D
A. channel resistance
B. size of depletion regions
C. voltage drop across channel
 D. gate reverse bias
17 Input impedance of MOSSFET is B
A. less than of FET but more than BJT
B. more than that of FET and BJT
C. more than that of FET but less than BJT
D. less than that of FET and BJT
18 A depletion MOSFET differs from a JFET in the sense that it has no C
A. Channel
B. Gate
C. P-N junction
D. Substrate
19 . The collector voltage of a Voltage Divider Bias circuit is not sensitive to changes in C
the
A. Supply voltage
B. Emitter resistance
C. Current gain
D. Collector resistance
20 The Q point of a Voltage Divider Bias circuit is C
A. Hypersensitive to changes in current gain
B. Somewhat sensitive to changes in current gain
C. Almost totally insensitive to changes in current gain
D. Greatly affected by temperature changes
21 Operating point represents C
A. Value of Ic and Vce when signal is applied
B.The magnitude of signal
C. zero signal values of Ic and Vce
D.Current amplication factor
22 Thermal run away occurs when B
A. collector is reverse biased
B. transistor is not biased
C. emitter is forward biased
D. junction capacitance is high
23 The biasing circuit has stability factor 50. If due to temperature change, the ICBO D
changes by 1µA, then Ic will change by
A. 100 µA
B.25 µA
C.20 µA
D.50 µA
26 Refer to this figure. In the voltage-divider biased npn transistor circuit, if RC opens, the C
transistor
 A.saturated
B.cutoff
C.nonconducting
D. conducting
27 In a JFET, when drain voltage is equal to pinch-off voltage, the depletion layers A
………
A. almost touch each other
B. have large gap
C. have moderate gap
D. infinity gap
28 Which type of FETs can operate with a gate-to-source Q-point value of 0 V? C
A. JFET
B. E-MOSFET
C. D-MOSFET
D. BJT
29 The binary number forF3A16is .
A. 111100111010
B. 111100111110 A
C. 000000111010
D. 000011000100
30 What is the resultant binary of the decimal problem 49 + 01 =?
A. 01010101
B. 00110101 C
C. 00110010
D. 00110001
31 Derive the Boolean expression for the logic circuit shown below: A

A.
B.

C.
D. ABCDE
32 The systematic reduction of logic circuits is accomplished by: A
A. using
a Boolean algebra
.

B. symbolic
b reduction
.

C. TTL
c logic
.

D. using
d a truth table
.

33 Convenient way is to convert NAND logic diagram to its C

A. AND diagram
B. OR diagram
C. AND-OR diagram
D. NOR diagram

34 The characteristic equation of S-R latch is A

A. Q(n+1) = (S + Q(n))R’
B. Q(n+1) = SR + Q(n)R
C. Q(n+1) = S’R + Q(n)R
D. Q(n+1) = S’R + Q'(n)R
35 Statement 1: Null string is accepted in Moore Machine. B
Statement 2: There are more than 5-Tuples in the definition of Moore
Machine. Choose the correct option:
A. Statement 1 is true while Statement 2 is false.
B. Statement 1 is true and Statement 2 is true.
C. Statement 1 is false while Statement 2 is true.
D. Statement 1 and Statement 2, both are false.
36 In the below drawn schematic, what does an arrow between the circles indicate? C

A. Present state
B. Next state
C. State transition
D. Don't care condition
37 D A
The Maxwell’s equation,   H  J  is based on
t
A. Ampere’s law
B. Gauss’s law
C. Faraday’s law
D. Coulomb’s law
38 C
The electric field component of a time harmonic plane EM wave travelling in a non-
magnetic lossless dielectric medium has an amplitude of 1 V/m. If the relative
permittivity (εr) of the medium is 4, the magnitude of the time-average power density
vector (in W/m2) is
A. 1/30𝜋
B. 1/60𝜋
C. 1/120𝜋
D. 1/240𝜋
39 Two coaxial cables 1 and 2 are filled with different dielectric constants ε𝑟1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ε𝑟2 B
respectively. The ratio of the wavelengths in the two cables, (𝜆1/𝜆2) is
A.√ε𝑟1/ε𝑟2
B.√ε𝑟2/ε𝑟1
C. ε𝑟1/ε𝑟2
D. ε𝑟2/ε𝑟1
40 The reflection coefficient when a wave is normally incident from one medium to D
another medium is

A. η2+ η1/ η2- η1

B. 2 η2/ η 2- η1

C. 2 η1/ η2+ η1

D. η2- η1/ η2+ η1

41 What is the equation of standing wave ratio? B

1 
A.
1 

1 
B.
1 

C. 1  

D. 1  
42 Calculate the wavelength of the wave with phase constant of 3.14 units. B
A. 1
B. 2
C. 0.5
D. 4
43 Find the characteristic impedance expression in terms of the inductance and C
capacitance parameters.
A. Z0 = √(LC)
 B. Z0 = LC
C. Z0 = √(L/C)
D. Z0 = L/C
44 The frequency of a wave travelling in a transmission line with velocity 4 x 108 and B
wavelength 3 units is
A. 0.75 GHz
B. 0.133 GHz
C. 7.5 GHz
D. 1.33 GHz
45 The distance between two successive points in a waveguide is the
A. Guided Wavelength (λ)
C
B. 2 X Guided Wavelength (2λ)
C. Guided Wavelength/2 (λ/2)
D. (Guided Wavelength)/4 (λ/4)
46 For maximum power transfer theorem to be applied to the transmission line, the
reflection coefficient has to be
A. 0
A
B. -1
C. 1
D. ∞
47 The VSWR can have any value between
A. 0 and 1
B. – 1 and + 1 D
C. 0 and ∞
D. 1 and ∞
48 Radiation pattern is ---------------- dimensional quantity
A. Two
B. three B
C. Single
D. Four
49 Which of the following frequency bands has the longest ground-wave range?

A. 30 kHz to 300 kHz

B. 3 MHz to 30 MHz A
C. 30 MHz to 300 MHz
D. 300 MHz to 3,000 MHz (3 GHz)
50 Which kind of polarization is provided by helical antennas? C

A. Plane
B. Elliptical
C. Circular
D. Circular and Elliptical
Radiation pattern of Yagi-Uda array is--------directional B
51
A. Bi directional
B. Uni directional
C. Omni
D. Non-Directional
52 For the standard horn antenna with good performance , the level of cross-polarization
should be below co-polarization: A
 A. 10 dB
B. 50 dB
C. 30 dB
D. 40 dB
53 In aperature coupled feeding ,the amount of coupling from feedline to patch is
determined by
A. Shape of Aperature
D
B. Size of Aperature
C. Location of Aperature
D. Shape, Size and Location
54 An antenna that provides extremely high gain and directivity and very popular for
microwave radio and satellite communications link.
B
A. helical antenna
B. parabolic antenna
C. hyperbolic antenna
D. log-periodic antenna
55 If the beam width of an antenna in two orthogonal planes are 300 and 600. Then the
directivity of the antenna is:
A. 24 B
B. 18
C. 36
D. 12
60 If transfer function of a system is H(z) = 6 + z-1 + z-2 then system is
A. minimun phase
B. maximum phase A
C. mixed phase
D. stable
61 Inverse Fourier transform of sgn (ω) is

A. A
B. 1
C. U(t)
D. 2/πt
62 The Fourier series of an odd periodic function contains
A. odd harmonics only
B. even harmonics only D
C. cosine harmonics only
D. sine harmonics only
63 Duality Theorem / Property of Fourier Transform states that _________
A. Shape of signal in time domain & shape of spectrum can be interchangeable
B. Shape of signal in frequency domain & shape of spectrum can be interchangeable A
C. Shape of signal in time domain & shape of spectrum can never be interchangeable
D. Shape of signal in time domain & shape of spectrum can never be interchangeable
64 Damped sinusoids are _____
A. sinusoid signals multiplied by growing exponentials
B. sinusoid signals divided by growing exponentials C
C. sinusoid signals multiplied by decaying exponentials
D. sinusoid signals divided by decaying exponentials
65 At 100% modulation, the power in each sideband is ………………… of that of carrier D
A.50%
 B.40%
C.60%
D.25%
66 A 100 V carrier is made to vary between 160 V and 40 V by the signal. What is the B
modulation factor?
A.3
B.6
C.5
D.10
67 Calculate the bandwidth occupied by a DSB signal when the modulating frequency lies D
in the range from 100 Hz to 10KHz.
A. 28 KHz
B. 24.5 KHz
C. 38.6 KHz
D. 19.8 KHz
68 AM demodulation techniques are B
A. Balanced discrminator
B. Envelope detector
C. PLL detector
D. Frequency discriminator
69 What is the band-width required to generate SSB in Frequency Discrimination method. C
A. 3fm
B. 2fm
C. fm
D. fc<fm
70 Hilbert transform is useful in which system? A
A. SSB
B. DSB-SC
C. AM
D. VSB
71 Which modulation is preferred in Television system for Audio signal transmission? D

A. VSB
B. FM
C. SSB
D. AM
72 Phase-locked loop can be used as B
A. AM demodulator
B. FM demodulator
C. FM receiver
D. AM receiver
73 Wide band FM has the characteristics: B
A. The frequency sensitivity kf is small
B. Bandwidth is wide
C. Bandwidth is narrow
D. Narrow band FM except bandwidth
74 Calculate the Nyquist rate for sampling when a continuous time signal is given by A
x(t) = 5 cos 100πt +10 cos 200πt – 15 cos 300πt
A. 300Hz
B. 600Hz
C. 150Hz
D. 200Hz
75 RF amplifier performs D
A. Image frequency rejection
B. Adjacent Channel rejection
C. Improves Signal to Noise Ratio
D. amplification of radio frequency signal
76 Function of frequency mixer in super heterodyne receiver is C
A. Amplification
B. Filtering
C. Multiplication of incoming signal and the locally generated carrier
D. sum between the signals.
77 A circuit maintains RF amplifier output signal strength constant, what is that
A. Automatic Gain Control
B. Automatic Frequency Control A
C. Phase Locked Loop
D. Tuned amplifier
78 DPCM encodes the PCM values based on
A. Quantization level
B. Difference betweent the current and predicted value B
C. Interval between levels
D. None of the mentioned
79 In a PCM system with uniform quantization, increasing the number of bits from 8 to 9
will reduce the quantization noise power by a factor of
A. 9
B. 8 C
C. 4
D. 2

80 The error probability of DPSK is ________ worse than PSK.

A. Twice
B. 3 db C
C. Twice (3db)
D. None of the mentioned
81 ASK,BFSK,BPSK andDPSK are the examples of the following encoding
A. Digital to analog
B. Digital to digital B
C. Analog to digital
D. Analog to analog
82 The bandwidth of a frequency-hopping signal is simply ---------times the number of
frequency slots available, where N is the bandwidth of each hop channel.
A. log2 N
B
B. N
C. N/2
D. 2N
83 Hamming distance can be given by the number of elements in which
A. They are same
B
B. They differ
C. Which are non zero
 D. None of the mentioned
84 What is the maximum number of I/O ports 8086 can have? C
A. 256
B. 16K
C. 64 K
D. 128 K
85 The register DS contains 0000H. The memory location 3500H contains 1234H. After C
executing MOV AX, [3500H], the contents of AH and AL will be . . .

A. 35H, 00H
B. 00H, 35H
C. 12H, 34H
D. 34H, 12H
86 In 8257 (DMA), each of the four channels has Less than1 B

A. a pair of two 8-bit registers

B. a pair of two 16-bit registers
C. one 16-bit register
D. one 8-bit register
87 MOVC A,@A+DPTR is example of D

A. Immediate addressing
B. Direct addressing
C. Indirect addressing
D. Indexed addressing
88A. [A]=29H,[R0]=55H,and M[55]=33H.Afetr execution of instruction XCHG ,@R0,the C
content of A will be
A. 92H
B. 55H
C. 33H
D. 23H
B.
89 Timer 0 in mode 3 uses A

A. TL0 and TH0 as two separate registers

B. Only TLO Register
C. Only THO Register
D. Only TL0 and TH0 as single register
90 In mode 0, baud rate is A

A. 1/12th of the oscillator frequency

B. 1/6th of the oscillator frequency
C. Oscillator frequency
D. None of the these
91 The time taken by the ADC from the active edge of SOC(start of conversion) pulse till C
the active edge of EOC(end of conversion) signal is called
 A. edge time
B. conversion time
C. conversion delay
D. time delay
92 PCON register controls the baud rate in________________ B

A. Synchronous transmission
B. Asynchronous transmission
C. In synchronous and asynchronous transmission
D. None of the these
93 If x(n) and X(k) are an N-point DFT pair, then X(k+N)=? C
a) X(-k)
b) -X(k)
c) X(k)
d) X(k)*
94 The Chebyshev filters have B
A. Flat pass band
B. Flat stop band
C. Tapering stop band
D. Ripple pass band
95 The magnitude response of Butterworth filter has A
A. Flat stop band
B. Tapering pass band
C. Tapering stop band
D. Ripple pass band
96 Which of the following is the difference equation of the FIR filter of length M, input C
x(n) and output y(n)?

d) None of the mentioned

97 This is the impulse response for

A. an IIR highpass filter

B. an FIR bandpass filter
C. an IIR lowpass filte D
D. an FIR lowpass filter

98 In FIR filter design, which among the following parameters is/are separately C
controlled by using Kaiser window?
 A. Order of filter (M)
B. Transition width of main lobe
C. Both A and B
D. None of the above
99 For a linear phase filter, if Z1 is zero then what would be the value of A
Z1-1 or 1/ Z1?

A. Zero
B. Unity
C. Infinity
D. Unpredictable
100 To prevent……………, the down-sampled signal should be band-width limited to A
fs/2N by low-pass filtering prior to sample removal.

A. Aliasing
B. Quantization
C. Error
D. None of above
101 Programmable DSP with …….can be used to implement digital filters. B

A. MAC
B. MAA
C. ADD
D. None of above
102 Determine the output voltage when V1 = –V2 = 1 V.

A. 0 V

B. –2 V
C. 1 V
D. 2 V
103 How are the square wave output generated in op-amp?

A. Op-amp is forced to operate in the positive saturation region C

B. Op-amp is forced to operate in the negative saturation region
C. Op-amp is forced to operate between positive and negative saturation
 region
D. Op-amp is forced to operate in the active region

104 Given the lower and higher cut-off frequency of a band-pass filter are 2.5kHz
and 10kHz. Determine its bandwidth.
A. 750 Hz
B. 7500 Hz B
C. 75000 Hz
D. 75Hz

105 What does the discharge transistor do in the 555 timer circuit?
A. Charge the external capacitor to stop the timing
B. Charge the external capacitor to start the timing over again
D
C. Discharge the external capacitor to stop the timing
D. Discharge the external capacitor to start the timing over again start
the timing over again
106 Pulse stretching , time delay , pulse generation are all easily
accomplished with which type of multivibrator circuit…….?
A. Astable
B
B. Monostable
C. Multistable
D. Bistble
107 Determine the capture range of IC PLL 565 for a lock-in range of ± 1kHz. B
 A. △fc =±31.453Hz
B. △fc =±66.505Hz
C. △fc =±87.653Hz
D. △fc =±99.653Hz

108 Which type of switches are not preferable for a simple weighted resistor

DAC?

A. Bipolar Transistor A

B. Voltage switches
C. MOSFET
D. JFET
109 The inverted R-2R ladder can also be operated in

A. Inverted mode
B
B. Current Mode
C. Voltage mode
D. Non inverted mode
110 The basic step of a 8-bit DAC is 12.4mv.If the binary input 00000000

represents 0v. Determine the output, if the input is 101101111? B

A. 1.36v
 B. 2.27v
C. 5.45v
A. 7.96v

111 On a positive edge-triggered S-R flip-flop, the outputs reflect the input
Condition when ________
A. The clock pulse is LOW
C
B. The clock pulse is HIGH
C. The clock pulse transitions from LOW to HIGH
D. The clock pulse transitions from HIGH to LOW

112 Which circuit is generated from D flip-flop due to addition of an inverter by

causing reduction in the number of inputs?
A. Gated JK-latch
B. Gated SR-latch B

C. Gated T-latch
D. SR-latch

113 For the circuit in the given figure, V2(s)/V1(s) =

B
A.

B.

C.

D.

For the system in the given figure, the transfer function C(s)/R(s) is
114

B
 A. G1 + G2 + G3
B. G1 G2 + G3
C. G1 G2 G3
D. (G1 + G2) G3

115 Consider the following statements:

1. The positiveness of coefficients of characteristic equation is necessary as well as
sufficient condition for stability of first and second order systems.
2. The positiveness of coefficients of characteristic equation ensures negativeness of
real roots but is not sufficient condition for stability of third and higher order
systems. B
Out of above statements:

A. Only 1 is correct
B. Both 1 and 2 are correct
C. Only 2 is correct
D. Both are wrong

116 For the characteristic equation s5 + s4 + 2s3 + 2s2 + 3s + 15 = 0, the number of roots in
left half s plane are
A. 1
B. 2 C
C. 3
D. 5

117

The transfer function can be for

A. Lead compensator
B. Lag compensator B
C. Lead-lag compensator
D. Lag-lead compensator

118 Write Chebychey’s Inequality C

A. P { |X – E [X]| ≥ ε } ≤
B. P { |X – E [X]| ≥ ε } ≤ 0
C. P { |X – E [X]2| ≥ ε } ≤
D. P { |X 2– E [X]| ≥ ε } ≤

119 If X and Y random variables are independent = a

A. a. +
B. + ± cov (X,Y)
C. + ± 2 cov (X,Y)
D. none
120 The mean square value of a __________________ process equals the area under the A
graph of a power spectral density

A. wide sense stationary processes (WSS)

B. Strictly sense stationary processes
C. Random Process
D. stationary processes