2018 International Conference On Advances in Communication and Computing Technology (ICACCT)

Amrutvahini College of Engineering, Sangamner, Ahmednagar, India. Feb 8-9, 2018

Design and Implementation of Encrypted SDR and

Study of Noise in High Level System Architecture
using MATLAB
Shrikant J Upase Dr. R P Labade
Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Head, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication
AVCOE, Sangamner, India. AVCOE, Sangamner, India.
Email Id:shriupase@gmail.com Email Id: rplabade@gmail.com

Abstract—In this paper, design of encrypted software
defined radio and analysis of noise in high level architecture
using matlab is simulated and implemented. Software defined
radio (SDR) allows the unparalleled levels of flexibility by
transitioning the radio communication system from hardware
platform to a more user-friendly software model. The aim of this
project is to design and implement a SDR based wireless
communication system using MATLAB Simulink tools. The
baseband area of a remote communication system is first
simulated and then implemented in program. The realisation of
the baseband transmitter is analyzed using constellation and eye
In the baseband area of the correspondence framework, the
transmitter comprising of the QAM encoder, OFDM
regulation, insertion and Quadrature balance is mimicked. The
collector side comprises of Quadrature demodulation,
devastation, OFDM demodulation and QAM decoder. Fig. 1
demonstrates Software perceptible baseband segment of the
remote correspondence framework display executed in this
paper.
Transmitter

diagrams for different modulation techniques and different Input QAM OFDM Quadrature
Interpolation
signal-to noise ratios, while considering an additive white Encoder Modulation Modulation
Gaussian noise channel. The execution of the receiver is analyzed
by comparing the input and yield waveforms. The performance
Gaussian Noise Wireless
of the system in real time is also analyzed by implementing the Channel
system in MATLAB. The simulation results with the results Receiver
obtained from adding Gaussian Noise in the channel of the
Output QAM OFDM Quadrature
system in the form of system error rate are calculated. It is Decoder Demodulation
Decimation
Demodulation
expected that the simulation results of the system error rate will
be minimum in High Level system architecture. The performance
of the receiver is analyzed by comparing the input and output
waveforms. The proposed system exhibits good efficiency in Error Rate Variance
encrypted SDR and analysis of noise error rate for wireless
communication. Fig. 1 Block diagram of design of encrypted Software Defined Radio and
analysis of Noise
Keywords—Additive White Gaussian Noise; System Error Rate;
QAM encoder &decoder.
II. SDR DESIGN
I. INTRODUCTION A. QAM Encoder
Radio in which some part or the whole physical layer The QAM encoder is key components inside any quadrature
capacities are programming characterized is called SDR. SDR sufficiency adjustment framework. The encoder is utilized to
is adaptable; it gives minimal effort, increment in limit, encode the flag, regularly information, onto the radio
Intepolability and many advantages to the end user [1]. In this recurrence transporter that will be transmitted. QAM is a
paper, programming determinable baseband segment of the transfer speed effective flagging plan.
remote correspondence framework is composed, mimicked The QAM encoder basically takes after the possibility that can
and executed. MATLAB SIMULINK is utilized as abnormal be seen from the fundamental QAM hypothesis where there
state demonstrating apparatuses in the plan procedure. are two transporter signals with a stage move of 90° between
Reenactment of the framework with these MATLAB devices them. The information is then adequacy encoded with the two
shapes the initial step of the outline procedure for information streams known as the I or In-stage and the Q or
reconfigurable processing. The transmitter area of the quadrature information streams. These are created in the
baseband is actualized, which is utilized to dissect the baseband handling territory.
framework in genuine time [13].

978-1-5386-0926-2/18/$31.00 ©2018 IEEE 197

 The two resultant signs are summed and after that prepared
as required in the RF flag chain, commonly changing over
them in recurrence to the required last recurrence and
increasing them as required.
It is important that as the plentifulness of the flag differs,
any RF speakers must be straight to save the honesty of the
flag.
The data is generated in the form of extract bits. The digital
data is converted into four blocks each containing 2 bits. Four
QAM encoders are utilized for encoding the data and the
outputs are multiplexed and sent for frame conversion. The
data from frame conversion is sent to input of OFDM
modulation after applying normalization to it.
B. OFDM Modulation
In OFDM the IFFT mapping is carried out. The data is sent to
the intermediate buffer through additional GI window and
afterwards delay is given before sending to switch. Parallelly
DSP constant is applied in delayed window. The output data is
given to the input of interpolation.
C. Interpolation
In Digital Signal Processing (DSP), one can send motions
after they have been changed over from simple voltages and
streams into computerized frame i.e., as arrangement of
numbers. Fundamental simple operations (blending, sifting
and flag location) have their equivalents in the DSP world and
cost of complex advanced preparing is low.
The essential reason to interject is to surge/increment the
examining rate of the framework at the yield of one
framework with the goal that another framework working at a
higher inspecting rate can include the flag
In interpolation block, the data is un-sampled. In un-
sampling the data, amplitude of the signal is increased. The
data is un-sampled two times(2 freq + 4 feq = 6 freq) and after
amplitude correction, this data is given for quadrature
Modulation.
D. Quadrature Modulation
In remote correspondences, Quadrature Amplitude
Modulation-QAM is a type of regulation which is extensively
utilized for tweaking information signals onto a transporter.
The amplitude corrected unsampled data is divided into real
and imaginary parts. The real part is multiplied with DSP
cosine wave factor and imaginary part is multiplied with DSP
sine wave factor and further both the outputs of multiplied
data are added and sent to the channel.
DSP sine and cosine waves are considered as data is in
binary/digital form.
E. Channel
In the RF channel, gain is applied to the Quadrature
Modulated output signal and corresponding delay is applied.
Furthermore, Gaussian noise is fed to check the effect of the
noise data during transmission which will be captured through
SDR at receiver. Ninety-six (96) sample frame rate is
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considered in the Gaussian noise generated which can be
changed accordingly [10].
F. Qudrature demodulation
The data acknowledged at Quadrature demodulation block
termination is the data mixed with Gaussian noise. This block
performs exactly reverse procedure of Quadrature Modulation
i. e. data is split into real and imaginary parts. The real part is
multiplied with DSP cosine wave and imaginary part is
multiplied with DSP sine wave. The multiplied data of real
part with DSP cosine wave is sent to in phase mixing gain and
the multiplied data of imaginary part with DSP sine wave is
sent to Quad mixing gain. These are combined to the real-
imaginary complex.
G. Decimmation
It is the way toward decreasing the testing rate of a flag. The
term down testing for the most part alludes to one phase of the
procedure, yet in some cases the terms are utilized reciprocally
Complementary to upsampling, which expands examining
rate, pulverization is a particular instance of test rate
transformation in a multi-rate advanced flag preparing
framework. A framework module that performs pulverization
is known as a decimator.
The data is first filtered out and send for downsampling. In
downsampling the amplitude of the signal is reduced. This is
done thrice as 2 freq per desampling (Total 2 freq * 3= 6 freq).
The data is then fed to frame sync. In frame synchronisation,
the frames are accumulated for being transported to OFDM
demodulation.
H. OFDM Demodulation
The orthogonal frequency division demodulation method is
used to demodulate the object in OFDM demodulator. The
yield is a baseband portrayal of the regulated flag, which was
contribution to the OFDM Modulator partner protest.
In OFDM demodulation, Fast Fourier Transform(FFT) is
carried out. The data is sent to the spectrum scope wherein the
frequency of the signal is plotted.
The output waveforms viz unsynchronized data output,
spectrum scope and discrete-time scatter plot scope are
derived from the OFDM demodulation block.
I. QAM Decoder
For decoding the data from OFDM demodulation, the
Quadrature Amplitude Decoder is used. Initially data is stored
in buffer and given for frame separation. Four QAM decoders
are used for decoding the data and further added and given
delay before sending to image output viewer.
J. Image out viewer
The final image after encryption and decryption is given here
for displaying in matrix viewer.
Simulated block diagram of the “Design of Encrypted SDR
and Analysis of Noise in High Level System Architecture
using MATLAB” is shown in figure 2.
 Fig. 2: Simulated block of SDR

Test data is an input initialization wherein the image is fed for e) atten1 = 0.1
encryption and further analysis of noise through SDR.The size f) delayinc2= 2
of image is defined as 256 x 256 pixels. g) atten2= 0.78
The units for each parameter for every simulation are shown h) dealyinc3= 2
below: i) atten3= 0.25
pnoise = Channel Noise amplitude in dB. 2. Noisy Channel: Typical values added with extra noise
freq_off = Channel offset Frequency in Hz a) pnoise = 0.001
noiseseed= rate of production of Noise b) freq_off = 0
dealy1 = delay in samples c) noiseseed= 8
atten1 = attenuation in scale factor d) dealy1 = 53
delayinc2= increment in delay samples past dealy1 e) atten1 = 0.18
atten2= attenuation in scale factor f) delayinc2= 2
dealyinc3= increment in delay samples past delay 1 g) atten2= 0.1
atten3= attenuation in scale factor h) dealyinc3= 2
i) atten3= 0.12
The implementation is done using Simulink library symbols 3. 25 Hz Frequency offset: Frequency offset is observed
and the MATLAB coding. Typical channel characteristics a) pnoise = 0.001
considered during the running of the program are as follows: b) freq_off =25
c) noiseseed= 8
1. Typical Channel: Typical values set for simulation. d) dealy1 = 0
a) pnoise = 0.0005 e) atten1 = 0
b) freq_off = 10
f) delayinc2=0
c) noiseseed= 8
d) dealy1 = 55 g) atten2= 0

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 h) dealyinc3=0
i) atten3= 0
a) atten2= 0.1
b) dealyinc3=1
c) atten3= 0
4. Too much Frequency offset: Following parameters
were set for extreme amount of frequency offset-
a) pnoise = 0.01
b) freq_off =50
c) noiseseed= 8
d) dealy1 =100
e) atten1 =1
f) delayinc2=0
g) atten2= 0
h) dealyinc3=0
i) atten3= 0
III. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
SDR is quickly developing innovation in the pioneers
and early adopters into the early greater part stage
characterizing the standard market. In this stage, adopters
select an innovation not on the grounds that it is inventive or
visionary but rather on the grounds that it has been appeared to
effectively tackle an issue inside their particular market.
Through framework recreation, the outcomes demonstrate that
the proposed programming characterized radio framework has
higher execution.
The implementation is done using Simulink library
symbols and the MATLAB coding. The various output graphs
are also plotted viz unsynchronized output, Synchronized
Constellation and spectrum scope [9] for different channel
characteristics as shown in Fig.3, Fig.4, Fig. 5 & Fig.6.
There is a strategy for exchanging computerized
information by changing or balancing the period of a bearer
flag. In QPSK advanced information is spoken to by 4 focuses
around a circle which relate to 4 periods of the transporter
flag. These focuses are called images.
The scramble plot of the waveform before recurrence
counterbalance adjustment. Recurrence balance is acquainted
due with befuddle amongst transmitter and the get motions
and cause a round turn in the image areas on the star grouping
outline. The degree of the revolution relies upon the
recurrence balance esteem. This impact can be obviously
found in this plot.
The round turn that stalks from the recurrence
balance is taken care of. In any case, it is evident from star
grouping graph that there is as yet a steady stage move in the
got images.
The Spectrum scope, displays frequency spectra of
signals. The Spectrum Scope accepts input signals, through
one or more input ports. It indicates the spectrum computation
settings that are represented in the current display of receiver
and transmitter waveforms.
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Variance and Symbol Error Rate:
Error Rate = BER(1-SyncER) + ½ SyncER ≈ BER [2][4].
IV. CONCLUSION
The MATLAB based SDR design in High Level System
Architecture is implemented. The application of the SDR is
clearly revealing in this project. Importance is given on the
minimizing the effect of noise in the channel during
transmission of the data from transmitter to receiver. The
encryption of the image data is also carried out by converting
it to the binary data during transmission. It has been seen that
the symbol error rate is very minimum making clear way out
of transmission of secure and encrypted data using Software
Defined Radio. The sending and receiving waveforms at the
spectrum scope displays shows the synchronization in the
pattern displaying the minimum
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 Fig. 3: Unsynchronized, Synchronized Constellation and Spectrum Scope for typical Channel.

Fig. 4: Unsynchronized, Synchronized Constellation and Spectrum Scope for Noisy Channel.

Fig. 5: Unsynchronized, Synchronized Constellation and Spectrum Scope for 25 Hz freq offset.

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Fig. 6: Unsynchronized, Synchronized Constellation and Spectrum Scope for extreme offset

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