REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

REGION-VI WESTERN VISAYAAS

DIVISION OF ILOILO

JANIUAY NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL

Janiuay, Iloilo

TUBERCULOSIS: IMPACTS ON PATIENTS’ LIFE

Research Proposal presented to the Faculty and Staff of

Senior High School of Janiuay National Comprehensive High

School in partial fulfillment for the requirements

in Practical Research I

BALDECANAS, JOHN VINCENT J.

CAMBAS, JESSIAH A.

DAVILA, KYLE CHRISTIAN V.

LORAÑA, CYRIL M.

VASQUEZ, MARY MAE S.

MARCH 2019
 Chapter 1

Introduction to the Study

This chapter is divided into five parts: (1) Background of the Study, (2) Statement of the
Problem, (3) Significance of the Study, (4) Definition of Terms, (5) Scope and Delimitation.

Part One, Background of the Study includes the potential contribution and the
background information of the study.

Part Two, Statement of the Problem, indicates the purpose of the information generally
and specifically using both descriptive and inferential questions.

Part Three, Significance of the Study, includes the benefits to be derived from the results
of the study.

Part Four, Definition of Terms, alphabetically lists and defines difficult words or terms
used in the study for clarity and understanding.

Part Five, Scope and Delimitation, gives the brief and concise scope or boundaries of the
study.
1.1 Background of the Study

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. It is caused by a

bacterium (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) that most often affects the lungs. It can also affect other
parts of the body, including the kidneys, spine or brain (WHO, 2018).

TB is transmittable from person to person. It is not spread through any physical contact
but through the air. When the infected people sneeze, coughs or speaks, the person nearby may
inhale the bacteria and becomes infected (CDC, 2016).

Infected people have 5-15% lifetime risk of falling ill with TB (WHO, 2018). But a
healthy immune system fights TB bacteria. However, persons with compromised immune
systems, such as people living with HIV, malnutrition, diabetes or people who use tobacco have
much higher risk of falling ill. In addition, babies and young children also are at higher risk,
because their immune systems aren’t fully formed (WebMD, 2017). Moreover, tuberculosis
mostly affects adults in their most productive years (WHO, 2018).

Doctors make a distinction between two kinds of TB infection: latent and active. Latent
TB, the bacteria remain in the body in an inactive and are not contagious, but they can become
active. While in Active TB, the bacteria do cause symptoms and can be transmitted to others.
Wearing mask is prescribed to help lower the risk of spreading. (James McIntosh, 2018)

The majority of TB cases can be cured when the right medication is available and
administered correctly. The precise type and length of antibiotic treatment depend on a person’s
age, overall health, potential resistance to drugs, whether the TB is latent or active, and the
location of infection. Antibiotics are usually required to be taken for a relatively long time. The
standard length of time for a course of TB antibiotics is about 6 months. Even if TB symptoms
have gone away, it is important for any course to be completed fully. The directly observed
therapy (DOT) may be recommended to ensure (Medical News Today, 2018).

In the Philippines, DOTS are aiming every municipality to have a healthcare practitioner
so that the people will be aware to their health as well as the government to the circumstances of
the people on their republic. For the continuous treatment of all infected people are in the hand
of the said organization (DOTS). As an example, the municipality of Janiuay have a Rural
Health Unit Building near the West Visayas State University Janiuay Campus and giving free
check-up every time you go there and also they give free medicine for the patients that have
tuberculosis. There are various persons that have the authority to give the patient prescription of
their check-up and there are also laboratory examination..Thus, this study will be conducted.
1.2 Statement of the Problem

Tuberculosis is infectious. It occurs in every part of the world and all age groups are at
risk. It can be a long term illness if acquired. Amid such term, alterations develop on infected
person’s life. This material targets to know the experiences and impacts to patients of
tuberculosis and impart people the load of precautions, increase their perception and knowledge
which ultimately will help to improve the disease management process.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

In this study, the researchers generally aim to determine the impacts of tuberculosis on
the life of patients.

Specifically, the researchers would like to answer the following questions:

1. How does tuberculosis affect the lives of the patients?

2. How did the patients acquire tuberculosis?
3. What challenges do patients face due to the disease?
4. Do they have experiences that affect their social interactions, especially to
their families?
5. How did patients cope to their challenges?
1.4 Significance of the Study

The result of the study may benefit the following sectors:

To the tuberculosis patients, this study may educate them about their disease and may
help them in their endeavour to avoid getting worst and for fast recovery.

To the medical institutions, this study may serve as a motivation to them in helping the
patients with their disease in order to provide them proper medication and if possible free
medicines. Moreover, encourage them to conduct a symposium in every barangay to instruct and
increase people’s perception such as tips and ways for retrieval when TB is acquired. In addition,
it may help the institutions to strengthen their research and innovation.

To the Filipinos, this study may leave them awareness and prevention on tuberculosis.

Lastly, to the future researchers, the results of this study may serve as a reference for
future studies.
1.5 Definition of Terms

For purpose of clarity and understanding, the following terms are given their conceptual
and operational definitions:

Effects – a change that result when something is done or happens (Merriam Webster).

As used in this study, effects are the change that happens to patients while having
this disease.

Endeavour – to seriously or continually try to do something (Merriam Webster).

As used in this study, endeavour is the aim of patients to recover

Experiences – skill or knowledge that you get by doing something (Merriam Webster).

As used in this study, experiences are the way the patients feel and suffer from
tuberculosis.

Family – a group of people who are related to each other (Merriam Webster).

As used in this study, family are the persons who gives care and comfort to
patients.

Health – the condition of being well or free from disease (Merriam Webster).

As used in this study, health is a condition of patients from tuberculosis.

Health Centre- a building or establishment housing local medical services or the practice
of a group or doctor.

As used in this study, health centre is a place where patients go for consultation.

Impact - to have a strong and often bad effect on someone or something (Merriam
Webster).

As used in this study, impact is result of tuberculosis to patients’ life.

Patients – a person who receives medical care or treatment (Merriam Webster).

 As used in this study, patients are the person who has tuberculosis.

Social interaction – is an exchange two or more individuals (lumen).

As used in this study, social interaction is the way the patient communicates to
their family.

Tuberculosis – a serious disease that mainly affects the lungs (Merriam Webster).

As used in this study, tuberculosis is a disease acquired by the participants.

1.6 Scope and Delimitation

The study aims to find-out the impacts of tuberculosis on the life of infected people of
Janiuay. The study will be conducted on the 4th quarter of school year 2018-2019 at the
Municipality of Janiuay.

Data will be gathered from a total of five patients through an interview. The researchers
will use an open -ended questionnaire. Answer will be handle with confidentiality.