Arassely Chipa

System Analysis & Design

Review Questions Chapter 1

1. List the advantages of using systems analysis and design techniques in

approaching computerized information systems for business.

Techniques acquired from this approach give the analyst a way to “make
things easier” for a client and give way to analyze data input and output
along with data flow. This further increases the chances of usability and can
improve the way a business will flow overall.

2. Why is security of information systems an important consideration in

systems development and design?

The importance of security is at the top of the list in any establishment

managing data they do not wish to share with the world. It can also deter
clients away from trusting a company using an old system to manage their
private data, so it is more rational to design a new system while creating the
security whereas implementing it to an older system. It will be less
functional and not provide the best outcome for the clients. Information not
sorted correctly due to a bad security design can lead to problems.

3. List three roles that a systems analyst is called upon to play. Provide a
definition for each one.

We have three roles: change agent, supporting expert, and consultant. The
change agent is an analyst who communicates with the team for changes.
They develop a plan to change something and go forth with including others
to create that change. The supporting expert is focused on the computer
hardware and software of the project/company. They serve as a resource, not
to manage, for whoever it is that is managing the system project. The
consultant is brought from outside of the organization and has no ties or bias
towards the business. They offer a fresh lens and can often give the business
advice or ideas that they did not have in mind.
4. List and briefly define the seven phases of the systems development life
cycle (SDLC).

 Planning: The purpose for this phase is to identify problems and

create objectives and solutions. Costs, time, and benefits for the
proposition are also discussed.
 Analysis: The purpose for this phase is to consider the requirements
for the project at hand or the solution they are aiming towards. It will
analyze the needs of the users to make sure the system will meet the
requirements (output of the RDD).
 Design: The purpose for this phase is to translate the RDD into a
fixated and workable design. Will describe in detail the specifications
and operations that will satisfy the requirements of the proposition,
like hardware/software.
 Development: The purpose for this phase is to start production and
act. There is documentation of software while development occurs.
 Integration and Testing: This is where unit testing, system testing,
parallel testing, integration testing, etc takes place. This determines if
the design so far meets the requirements that were trying to be
reached.
 Implementation: The program code is written in this phase. Data and
certain components from the old system is placed into the new system.
 Maintenance: This phase is for changing small details if need be and
making sure it runs smoothly as can be, to the best of its ability. Bug
fixes, create better performance and the like are done, as well.

5. Define the term object-oriented analysis and design.

Object-oriented analysis and design is a technical approach that’s used in

analyzing and designing a system through concepts like visual modeling.
These techniques give way to create the development of systems that will
change rapidly due to business factors.
6. What is open source software?

The acronym is OSS. It is software with source code that can be modified
and shared to enhance it. The design is created with letting it be publicly
accessible in mind. This kind of software lets it be handled by many people
outside of the team, group, organization, etc so they can view the code and
copy it and to potentially build off of it or learn something from the code.