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Solution:
785.6 g + 1000 g = 1785.6 g total for solute and solvent in the 8.010 m solution.
Problem #2: A sulfuric acid solution containing 571.4 g of H2SO4 per liter of solution has a density of
1.329 g/cm3. Calculate the molality of H2SO4 in this solution
Solution:
1.329 g/cm3 times 1000 cm3 = 1329 g (the mass of the entire solution)
1329 g minus 571.4 g = 757.6 g = 0.7576 kg (the mass of water in the solution)
Problem #3: An aqueous solution is prepared by diluting 3.30 mL acetone (d = 0.789 g/mL) with water to
a final volume of 75.0 mL. The density of the solution is 0.993 g/mL. What is the molarity, molality and
mole fraction of acetone in this solution?
Solution:
1) Preliminary calculations:
moles of acetone: 2.6037 g / 58.0794 g/mol = 0.04483 mol <--- need to look up formula of acetone
3) Molality:
4) Mole fraction:
Problem #4: Calculate the molality of 15.00 M HCl with a density of 1.0745 g/cm3
Solution:
1) Let us assume 1000. mL of solution are on hand. In that liter of 15-molar solution, there are:
3) Calculate molality:
Note: the mole fractions of water and HCl can also be calculated with the above data. There are 29.286
moles of water and 15.00 moles of HCl. You may work out the mole fractions on your own.
Problem #5: You are given 450.0 g of a 0.7500 molal solution of acetone dissolved in water. How many
grams of acetone are in this amount of solution?
Solution:
0.7500 molal means 0.7500 mole of solute (the acetone) per 1000 g of water
x = 18.78 g
Problem #6: A 0.391 m solution of the solute hexane dissolved in the solvent benzene is available.
Calculate the mass (g) of the solution that must be taken to obtain 247 g of hexane (C6H14).
Solution:
x = 7577.46446 g
Problem #7: Calculate the mass of the solute C6H6 and the mass of the solvent tetrahydrofuran that
should be added to prepare 1.63 kg of a solution that is 1.42 m.
Solution:
x = 162.75 g
To check, do this:
Problem #8: What is the molality of NaCl in an aqueous solution in which the mole fraction of NaCl is
0.100?
Solution:
A mole fraction of 0.100 for NaCl means the mole fraction of water is 0.900.
Let us assume a solution is present made up of 0.100 mole of NaCl and 0.900 mole of water.
mass of water present ---> 0.900 mol times 18.015 g/mol = 16.2135 g
Problem #9: Calculate the molality (m) of a 7.55 kg sample of a solution of the solute CH2Cl2 (molar
mass = 84.93 g/mol) dissolved in the solvent acetone (CH3COH3C) if the sample contains 929 g of
methylene chloride
Solution:
Problem #10: What is the molality of a 3.75 M H2SO4 solution with a density of 1.230 g/mL?
Solution:
4) Determine molality:
Problem #11: What is the molality of NaCl in an aqueous solution which is 4.20 molar? The density of the
solution is 1.05 x 103 g/L.
Solution:
4.20 mol times 58.443 g/mol = 245.4606 g <--- mass of NaCl in solution
Problem #12: Calculate the molarity of a 3.58 m aqueous RbCl solution with a density of 1.12 g/mL.
Solution:
4) Determine molarity:
Problem #13: Calculate the molality of a solution containing 16.5 g of naphthalene (C10H8) in 54.3 g
benzene (C6H6).
Solution:
Problem #14: What is the molality of a solution consisting of 1.34 mL of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4,
density= 1.59 g/mL) in 65.0 mL of methylene chloride (CH2Cl2, density = 1.33 g/mL)?
Solution:
1) Moles CCl4:
1.34 mL times 1.59 g/mL = 2.1306 g
3) Molality:
Problem #15: Determine concentration of a solution that contains 825 mg of Na2HPO4 dissolved in
450.0 mL of water in (a) molarity, (b) molality, (c) mole fraction, (d) mass %, and (e) ppm. Assume the
density of the solution is the same as water (1.00 g/mL). Assume no volume change upon the addition of
the solute.
Solution:
1) Molarity:
x = 0.0129 M
2) Molality:
3) Mole fraction:
mole fraction of the water ---> 24.97918401 mol / (24.97918401 mol + 0.00581158 mol) = 0.9998
4) Mass percent:
5) ppm:
ppm means the number of grams of solute per 1,000,000 grams of solution