NAME :

MIDDLE EXAM HARVARD CLASS: GRAMMAR (TENSE)

1. 'When did the accident happen?'

'When the goods . . . from the truck.'

A. unloaded D. were being unloaded

B. were unloading E. they were unloading
C. being unloaded

Jawaban : D
Pembahasan:
Kalimat tersebut menghendaki jawaban passive dalam bentuk Past Continuous,
yakni was/ were + being + V3.
2. A taxi driver who witnessed the accident took my injured brother to the
hospital and then. . . my parents.

A. was calling D. called

B. call E. to call
C. calling

Jawaban : D
Pembahasan:
Kata sambung `and' menghubungkan pemakaian jenis dan bentuk kata yang
setara. Kalimat di atas menggunakan past (took) maka verb setelah `and' harus
dalam bentuk past juga (called).
3. My daughter ... a lot of photographs of the Borobudur when she went there on
her last vacation.

A. had taken D. has been taking

B. has taken E. took
C. would take

Jawaban : E
Pembahasan:
Kegiatan yang ber:angsung pada waktu lampau (when she went there) harus
dibentuk dalam pola past tense (S + V2). Jadi jawaban yang benar adalah "my
daughter took a lot of photographs of Borobudur."
4. Tuti came home very late last night. Where did Budiman take her to?'
A. To the movies he took her last night
B. She took him to the movies last night
NAME :

C. Last night she took him to the movies

D. He took her last night to the movies
E. He took her to the movies last night
Jawaban : E
Pembahasan:
Penempatan adverb of time harus selalu di akhir atau di awal kalimat. Susunan
normal sebagai berikut:
S + V + O+ Adverb of place + Adverb of time
He took her to the movie last night.
5. `When did the farmer find that ancient tool?
'When he . . . his field.'

A. has been ploughing D. has ploughed

B. was ploughing E. is ploughing
C. had ploughed

Jawaban : B
Pembahasan:
Kalimat pertama (pertanyaan) bertense past (did), maka kalimat jawaban harus
daian, juga. Dalam hal ini past continuous (was/were V-ing) lebih tepat karena
menyatakan pekerjaan/kejadian terjadi pada saat pekerjaan/kejadian lain
dilakukan pada kurt:n Waktu lampau. 'Kapan petani itu menemukan alat kuno
itu? 'saat dia sedang mencangkul ladang (When he was ploughing his field).
6. The engine….smoothly when it suddenly stopped.

A. is running D. running
B. runs E. was running
C. has run

Jawaban : E
Pembahasan:
Kalimat `when it suddenly stopped' menunjukkan bahwa tense yang digunakan
pada kalimat sebelumnya adalah dalam bentuk past continuous (S + was/were +
V-ing), yang menyatakan suatu peristiwa/kegiatan sedang berlangsung pada
saat peristiwa lain terjadi di waktu lampau (when . . .)
7. Nukmi : What was your sister doing when you arrived home last night?
Rendra : She ... in the kitchen.

A. was cooking C. has cooked

B. cooks
NAME :

D. is cooking
E. has been cooking

Jawaban : A
Pembahasan:
Ungkapan yang paling tepat untuk menjawab pertanyaan Nuki adalah: "She was
coking", karena pertanyaan memiliki bentuk Past Continuous Tense yang
ditandai dengan keterangan waktu: when you arrived.
8. 'I wonder why Agus is absent. He might be sick.'
`He isn't. I saw him when I... for the bus.'

A. have waited D. was waiting

B. wait E. is waiting.
C. had waited

Jawaban : D
Pembahasan:
Kalimat `I saw him when' menunjukan tense yang harus digunakan untuk
kalimat sesudah when, yakni past continuous tense (was/were + V-ing), yang
menyatakan kegiatan sedang berlangsung saat kejadian lain sedang
berlangsung.
9. I didn't hear the thunder during the storm last night because I…..soundly.

A. have slept D. has slept

B. have been sleeping E. was sleeping
C. am sleeping

Jawaban : E
Pembahasan:
Conjunction `because' menyatakan kalimat hubungan sebab-akibat. Kalimat
pertama, sebagai result, dalam bentuk past (didn't) oleh karenanya kalimat
selanjutnya, sebagai reason, harus dalam past juga. Dalam hal ini saya tidak
bisa mendengar guntur selama badai tadi malam karena saya sedang tidur.
'Sedang' di waktu lampau diungkapkan dengan past continuous: S + was/were +
V-ing.
10.Last week Rini ... a holiday, she didn’t go for a picnic, she went camping.

A. is has D. have
B. has E. having
C. had
NAME :

Jawaban : C
Pembahasan:
Last week = past tense (S + VII)
11.We went to the movie last night and I thought...

A. the film is good D. the film was good

B. the film so good E. It will be a good film
C. It is a good film

Jawaban : D
Pembahasan:
Bentuk kalimat adalah kalimat lampau (past tense) dengan pola S + was/were +
adjective.
12.“How long has he been the principal of our school?”
“Since I...this school.”

A. has entered D. have entered

B. was entering E. entered
C. had entered

Jawaban : E
Pembahasan:
Anak kalimat di atas mempergunakan kata since yang hanya dapat di pakai
dalam past tense.
13.`You look so unhappy, Anton. What's the matter?
'My father …. his job.'

A. loses D. has been losing

B. has just lost E. is losing
C. losing

Jawaban : B
Pembahasan:
Dari pernyataan `You look so unhappy' (Kamu kelihatan tidak bahagia) dapat
diduga bahwa ayahnya yang kehilangan pekerjaan merupakan penyebabnya.
Tense untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang akibat/dampaknya terasa kini (present:
look) adalah present perfect: S + have/has + V3.
14.‘Have the boys had their breakfast?’ 'Not yet, they ....'
A. would still take a bath
B. have taken a bath
NAME :

C. will take a bath

D. are still taking a bath
E. were taking a bath
Jawaban : D
Pembahasan:
JAWAB: not yet (belum) memberi pengertian bahwa kegiatan yang ditanyakan
belum dilakukan oleh subject dengan kata lain mereka masih sedang mandi.
Sedang (pada waktu kini) dinyatakan dalam pola Present Continuous: S +
am/is/are + V-ing.
15."May I borrow your magazine?"
"I'm sorry, my sister . . . it.

A. still reads D. has been reading

B. is still reading E. still read
C. will still read

Jawaban : B
Pembahasan:
"Bolehkah saya meminjam majalahmu?" JAWAB: I'm sorry memberi pengertian
bahwa majalah yang dimaksud tidak ada di tempat. Dengan kata lain, masih
sedang dibaca oleh adik saya. Sedang (pada waktu kini) dinyatakan dalam pola
present continuous: S + am/is/are + V-ing).
16."Do I hear something?"
"Yes, somebody . . . at the door!"

A. was knocking D. knocked

B. knocks E. has knocked
C. is knocking

Jawaban : C
Pembahasan:
Dari pertanyaan 'Apakah saya mendengar sesuatu?' clan dari Jawaban 'ya'
memberi pengertian bahwa seseorang sedang mengetuk pintu. Peristiwa yang
sedang berlangsung (pada waktu kini) dinyatakan dengan pola present
continuous: S + is/are/am + V-ing.
17.I think you had better tell her the truth before somebody else ....

A. does D. tells
B. can E. did
C. had
NAME :

Jawaban : A
Pembahasan:
Kalimat pertama bertense present simple, maka kalimat selanjutnya, yang
merupakan adverb clause harus ber-tense sama/setara: present simple. Apabila
kegiatan (verb) yang dimaksud kalimat kedua sama dengan kalimat pertama,
maka verb kalimat kedua harus dalam bentuk elips. Auxiliary do/does
digunakan sebagai elips present.
18.`He has to take a TOEFL test before leaving for the U.S.'
`No, . . . have to; he already took it a few months ago.

A. he can't D. he isn't
B. he doesn't E. he mustn't
C. he hasn't

Jawaban : B
Pembahasan:
Kalimat pertama tense-nya adalah present simple (has to = harus).
Maka respon kalimat tadi harus present simple juga dengan Auxiliary do/does.
Does digunakan terhadap untuk orang ketiga tunggal (third person singular).
19.`Could you please book me on the next flight to Mexico City? 'I'm sorry, sir. Our
airline … to Mexico City."

A. doesn't fly D. has not been flying

B. will not fly E. wasn't able to fly
C. did not fly

Jawaban : A
Pembahasan:
Pernyataan yang berhubungan dengan jadwal, rutinitas selalu diungkapkan
dalam bentuk simple present tense (S + VI). Dalam hal ini yang dikehendaki
adalah bentuk negatif simple present : S + do/does + not + V1.
20.Miss Rina...US English since 1989.

A. Have taught D. has taught

B. was teach E. taught
C. is going to teach

Jawaban : D
Pembahasan:
NAME :

Kalimat di atas mencerminkan kegiatan lampau dan masih berlangsung sampai

saat ini.
21.Ronald moved to this town last year.
We can say that he ... in this town for a year.

A. was living C. has lived D. lived

B. lives E. had lived

Jawaban : C
Pembahasan:
Untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang terjadi mulai di waktu lampau sampai sekarang
masih kita gunakan Present Perfect Tense = S + have/has +V3
22.Rini : " ... “
Rina : "for almost five years".
A. When do you study English?
B. When did you study English?
C. How long have you studied English?
D. How many years will you study English?
E. When will you study English?
Jawaban : C
Pembahasan:
"For" di sini menunjukan lamanya waktu. Maka pertanyaan yang sesuai dengan
jawaban tersebut harus menyatakan "berapa lama "?
23.Ronny : Are you going to watch the movie on TV tonight?
Deny : No, I think I'll watch the recent news. The recent news is news that ....
A. is very important
B. tells us about things that have just happened
C. is printed in capital letters
D. provides a lot of advertisements
E. makes the viewers laugh
Jawaban : B
Pembahasan:
The recent news (berita terakhir) adalah berita yang memberikan segala
sesuatu yang baru saja terjadi (tells us about things that have just happened)
24.My friend said, “I have never seen such a good film".
From the above statement we may conclude that ....
A. he has never seen bad films before
B. it was the first time he went to see a film
C. this is the best film he has ever seen
D. he seldom went to good movies
E. the film he saw was a bad one
NAME :

Jawaban : C
Pembahasan:
Kalimat soal mempunyai arti 'Saya belum pernah melihat film sebagus itu'
mengandung pengertian bahwa itulah film terbaik yang pernah dia tonton (This
is the best film he has ever seen).
25.'Where is my dictionary? It was on my desk.' `Perhaps somebody ... it.'

A. would take D. has taken

B. takes E. had taken
C. is taking

Jawaban : D
Pembahasan:
Bila kita hubungkan kalimat soal dengan pilihan yang ada kalimat soal
mengehandaki makna :"Mungkin seseorang telah mengambilnya. Sesuatu yang
telah terjadi (sekarang) diungkapkan dalam present perfect (S + have/has +
V3/been).
26.`What are you looking for?’, 'My wallet; I don't know where I ... it.'

A. have put D. am putting

B. have been putting E. was putting
C. had put

Jawaban : A
Pembahasan:
Tense untuk mengungkapkan kejadian yang telah berlangsung dan buktinya
masih terasa/ terlihat adalah present perfect tense (have/has + V3).
27.Anwar was promoted president of your company last week; wasn't he?
'I'm glad he was; he ... in this company for years.'

A. worked D. has been working

B. had worked E. would work
C. was working

Jawaban : D
Pembahasan:
Keterangan waktu `for years' (selama bertahun-tahun) menunjukkan suatu
kegiatan yang terjadi dalam rentang waktu tertentu dari suatu waktu di masa
lampau hingga sekarang. Tense untuk menyatakan kegiatan seperti ini
dipergunakan present perfect continuous (S + have/has + been + V-ing)
NAME :

28.Father : Are you sure you will pass'?

Riana : Believe me, Dad. I'll do better in the next examination.
From the dialogue we know that Riana ... to do better in the next examination.

A. promises D. likes
B. hopes E. decides
C. wishes

Jawaban : E
Pembahasan:
Ucapan "I’ll do ..." mengandung pengertian bahwa kalimat tersebut sebelumnya
tidak direncanakan. Jadi, pada saat itu Riana memutuskan (decides) apa yang
akan dilakukannya.
29.Yusniar : “I plan to see ‘the ghost’ with Tina.”
Supriadi : “When...it?”

A. you see D. did you want to see

B. have you seen E. Were you going to see
C. Are you going to see

Jawaban : C
Pembahasan:
Kalimat diatas adalah future tense.
S + to be + going to + V. ... are you going to see it?
30.Oh, dear! I forgot to bring my dictionary.'
`That's all right. I . . . you mine.'

A. will be lending D. am going to lend

B. am lending E. lend
C. will lend

Jawaban : C
Pembahasan:
Respon yang tepat adalah penggunaan Simple Future. Untuk menyatakan
kegiatan yang tidak direncanakan sebelumnya, maka digunakan will.
31.Daru : What are you going to do after leaving the college?
Dimas : Well, I don't want to be jobless. So I'm ... getting a job soon.
NAME :

A. would like D. thinking of

B. planning E. intending
C. going to

Jawaban : D
Pembahasan:
Untuk menyatakan suatu rencana dimasa depan, kita gunakan be + planning to,
be + thinking of, be + going to, be + intending to, be + going to.
32.Rina ... a bath when I phoned her.

A. has been taking D. has taken

B. is taking E. was taking
C. had taken

Jawaban : E
Pembahasan:
Untuk menyatakan sesuatu sedang terjadi di suatu waktu/ kejadian lain terjadi
di waktu lampau kita gunakan Past Continuous yaitu : S + was/were + V 1+ ing.
33.I was sleeping when my father...the announcement about me in the radio.

A. hear D. hears
B. heard E. Will hear
C. was hearing
 Jawaban : B
Pembahasan:
Kalimat di atas berpola past continous tense karena kata hear adalah kata yang
tidak lazim ditambah –ing maka diubah ke bentuk VII
34.Lisa ___ to market yesterday. (go) / WENT
35.Vera and Silvia ___ go to school. (not) / DON’T GO
36.Tono ___ a glass of milk yesterday. (drink) / DRANK
37.Yanti had ___ when Rina came. (come) / COME
38.He is going to ___ his grandmother tomorrow. (visit) / VISIT
39.Does he ___ your house? (like) / LIKE
40.He ___ English every day. (study) / STUDIES
41.Did he ___ new car yesterday? (buy) / BUY
42.Nina is ___ now. (read) / READING
43.Maya ___ in the kitchen now. (cook) / IS COOKING
44.He is not ___ now. (sleep) / SLEEPING
45. Hartono has ___ in Surabaya since 2010 till now. (work) / BEEN WORKING