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The cells within living organisms have the ability to grow and reproduce through the
production of new cells. In order to ensure that an exact copy of the DNA is assigned to
the new cells, a process called mitosis takes place. Mitosis is a highly dynamic process,
aimed at separating identical copies of genomic material into two daughter cells. When
a new cell is needed, the DNA is copied and allocated equally to new cells; then the cell
splits in half (Hayashi and Karlseder, 2013). When any one of these intricate steps fails,
the results can be adverse for the cell and the whole organism. A failure of the mitotic
process generates cells that carry abnormal chromosome numbers.