MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION MINI

PROJECT
TEAM MEMBERS:
BT15ECE046: SAKSHI LULEKAR

BT15ECE047: M.BHANU SRI

BT15ECE048: M DIVYA

AIM:
To make a prototype for automatic street light control system using LDR and motion sensor

OBJECTIVE: The main aim of the project is Automatic street power saving system with
LDR, this is to save the power.

APPARATUS:
1. LDR sensor

2. PIR Motion sensor

3. Arduino

4. LED

EXPLANATION:
This project is aimed at design and implementation of a automatic system where in the
street lights that are not required through the night can be either turned off, or dimmed.
Alternatively instead of all the lights being turned on, a few lights can be turned on. For
example on a street the alternate lights can be turned on.

Additionally LDR (Light dependent resistors) can be placed near each light to check if the
lights are glowing, if a certain light is not glowing then the adjacent light can automatically
be turned on.
Also for residential localities where there is very little movement on the street in the night
we can turn on the lights only if someone is moving on the street using PIR motion
detectors. Thus this project once implemented on a large scale can bring in significant
reductions in the power consumption caused by street lights.

CIRUIT DIAGRAM:

WORKING:
1)The input is taken from LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) whose resistance changes
according to the light intensity on it.Depending on variation of resistance of LDR the light
intensity can be calculated based on its plot obtained by luxmeter or look up table.

2)Thus when the light intensity is less corresponding to night time , it makes the LED on .

3)Simultaneously even IR motion sensors are active .

4) When the intensity of light is less and when there is motion , the LED is made ON.
CODE:
int sensorPin = A0; // select the input pin for LDR
int sensorValue = 0; // variable to store the value coming from the sensor
int LED = 6;
int ir1=2;

int proxy1=0;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600); //sets serial port for communication
pinMode(LED,OUTPUT);
pinMode(ir1,INPUT);
}
void loop() {
proxy1=digitalRead(ir1);
sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin); // read the value from the sensor
Serial.println(sensorValue); //prints the values coming from the sensor on the screen
delay(100);
if (sensorValue<=800)
{
if(proxy1==HIGH)
{
digitalWrite(LED,HIGH);
}
else
{
digitalWrite(LED,LOW);
}

}
else if(sensorValue>=800)
{
digitalWrite(LED,LOW);
}
}

ADVANTAGES:
If we uses this idea and implement to it in our society it will be helpful in saving enough
amount of electricity and off-course money.

LIMITATION:
Sudden ON and OFF of LED may cause disturbing effect to driver.

RESULT: A smart street light has been designed which is OFF during day ,ON during night
only when there is motion. Also light intensity has been measured for day and night
equivalently as shown below:
MEASUREMENT OF LIGHT INTENSITY:
Equivalent to night:

Sr.no Light
intensity(lux)
1 634
2 659
3 700
4 714
5 723
6 717
7 734
8 719
AVG 700

Equivalent to day:

Sr.no Light
Intensity(lux)
1 974
2 943
3 829
4 919
5 928
6 934
7 923
8 911
AVG 920.125
Series 2:NIGHT Series 3:DAY

1200

1000

800
Series1
600
Series2

400 Series3

200

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
COST ESTIMATION:

COMPONENTS Quantity Cost

Arduino Uno & 1 450

cable

IR sensor 1 40

Jumper 10 30

LED 2 2

LDR 1 10