SPWLA 2018

Cutting Samples
Dried cuttings were washed again in laboratory. It should also be born in mind that some
finer grained, softer and less consolidated lithologies are also washed away during this
process. The washed residues were dried, sieve 0.15 mm to 2.00 mm size and were set in
blue stained epoxy resin. The resin block was thin sectioned.

Petrographic analysis involved the identification of the different lithologies represented on

the slides and calculation of grain counts. The numbers of grains of each lithology were
counted and then recalculated as percentages and tabulated. It is important to note that due
to the small size of cuttings it is not usually possible to provide the depth of information
[textures, grains, matrix, cements, pores] that is available through description of larger
rock samples from conventional cores or sidewall cores.

There are some general conclusions that can be taken from grain counts.

i. The lithology with the highest percentage of grains in a sample is usually regarded
as the main lithology of the interval of the sample.
ii. Smaller percentages of other lithologies typically represent either caved rocks or
rocks that are in place but only occur as thin beds within the interval of the sample.
iii. The first downhole occurrence of a lithology is often significant and even though it
may not be the dominant lithology it may represent the top of a new formation.
Petrographic Descriptions of Ditch Cuttings
The lithologies described at each particular depth are described and annotated with
photomicrographs, Plates 1-60.

Details of all the main lithologies encountered in the ditch cuttings are summarized as
follows:

Claystone

This lithology has variously types:

1. Claystone
Massive, consist of small amounts of quartz, K-feldspar, rock fragments [chert]
and bioclasts [smaller benthic and planktic foraminifera], which are set randomly
in the clay matrix. Glaucony is also noted. Carbonaceous organic material occurs
as fine filament and is divided in the clay matrix. Pyrite is present and dispersed in
the matrix. Calcite, kaolinite, pyrite and glaucony also fill in the fossils chambers
foraminifera. The matrix has been partially replaced with microsrystalline siderite
and locally has been recrystallized to kaolinite. Visible porosity is nil to poor.

2. Sandy claystone
Contain common sand grains are mainly quartz, accompanied with K-feldspar,
rock fragments [include chert, metaquartzite, clay clasts, volcanic type], glaucony
and detrital chlorite. Bioclasts is noted; planktic foraminifera. They all set
randomly in the abundant clay matrix. Carbonaceous organic material and pyrite
also occur. Minor kaolinite and smectite is partially recrystallization the
matrix.Visible porosity is poor.

3. Bioclastic claystone
This type contains common bioclasts, especially planktic foraminifera,
accompanied with smaller benthic and larger foraminifera, also echinoderm.
Occasional quartz and glaucony is observed, which they set randomly in the
matrix. The fossils chambers foraminifera filled by calcite, pyrite and glaucony.
Rare calcite and dolomite is selectively replacing the clay matrix. Visible porosity
is negligible. Also present artificial fractures, possibly due to effect the sidewall
coring process and/or sample preparation.

4. Silty claystone
Contain common silt grains sizes. The framework grains predominanted by quartz,
with subordinate K-feldspar, rock fragments [chert] and bioclasts [smaller benthic
and agglutinating foraminifera]. Scarce muscovite is recorded. The matrix has
been selectively replaced by calcite and microcrystalline siderite. Visible porosity
is nil to negligible.
Sandstone

There are three [3] type sandstone:

1. Sandstone [including loose sand]

Consolidated, very fine to medium-grained, moderately to well sorted, and
tentatively classified as subarkose. Loose sand, fine to medium-grained and
presumably derived from porous and/or unconsolidated sandstone. The grains are
angular to subrounded and quartz is prevailing, with subordinate K-feldspar,
plagioclase and rock fragments [include chert, metaquartzite, clay clast, volcanic
and granitic type, schist]. Accessory grains are present; consist of mica [muscovite,
biotite], detrital chlorite, glaucony and heavy minerals [zircon]. Carbonaceous
organic material also occurs as fine particles. Occasional bioclast is noted; consist
of planktic and smaller benthic foraminifera. Some ductile grains have deformed
resulting in formaton of pseudomatrix. Minor to common detrital clay is
distributed as interstitial matrix and locally also as laminae form. But the
lamination is disrupted with bioturbations. The matrix also partially replaced by
microcrystalline siderite. Authigenic minerals include kaolinite, sericite/illite,
calcite, siderite and pyrite. They filling intergranular pores and partially replace
unstable grains. Kaolinite also inside the fossils chambers foraminifera. Some
quartz and feldspar grains were enveloped with syntaxial overgrowths. Some
grains also were coated with clays. Local fracture healded with calcite. Visible
porosity is poor and intraparticle type is noted, besides secondary porosity and
primary intergranular pore types.

2. Calcareous sandstone
Upper medium-grained, moderately to well sorted calcareous sandstone, and
tentatively classified as subarkose. The grains are angular to subrounded and
quartz is predominated, with subordinate K-feldspar, plagioclase, rock fragments
[chert, metaquartzite, clay clast, schist]. Other grains also observed but restricted;
include glaucony, muscovite and heavy minerals [zircon]. Also identify bioclasts;
including planktic and smaller benthic foraminifera, molluscan fragments also
echinoderm. Syntaxiall overgrowths have developed on quartz grains. Some grains
were coated with clays. Visible porosity is poor.

3. Argillaceous sandstone
Fine-grained, moderately sorted with common detrital clay matrix, which is
tentatively classified as subarkosic wacke. The grains are angular to subrounded
and composed by quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments [chert,
metaquartzite, claystone, granitic type]. Carbonaceous organic material occurs as
fine filament occurs as fine filament and is associated with pyrite. Detrital clay is
distributed as interstitial matrix. Quartz overgrowths and clay coating are noted.
Secondary minerals are kaolinite, sericite/illite, siderite and pyrite occur as replace
unstable grains and filling the pore spaces. Visible porosity is poor.

Limestone

The limestone can be divided into three [3] classified:

1. Wackestone
Mud-supported and contain variously bioclsts include smaller and larger benthic
foraminifera, molluscs, echinoderm, bryozoans and red algae. Also present very
minor quartz grains. Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine particles. They
set in the matrix. Calcite occurs as cements. Calcite and dolomite also fills in the
fossils chamber foraminifers. Dolomite and pyrite also present in the matrix.
Calcite and silica [quartz] also occlude the fractures. The matrix composed by
abundant lime mud and occasional detrital clay, they are incorporated each other.
The lime mud has been partially recrystallized to microspar and fine pseudspar.
Visible porosity is poor and consists of vuggy, intraparticle and open
microfracture.
At the lower part, depth 3172-3182m and 3425-3478m, the limestone is locally
slightly recrystallizzed. Minor to common secondary quartz are recorded. Also
observed bioclasts but rare; they are milliolds, molluscan fragments [gastropods]
and ideterminate. Carbonaceous organic material is incorporated with restricted
detrital clay occur as along stylolite seams. Visible porosity is nil to negligible.

2. Packstone
Grain-supoorted and consist of assorted bioclasts, which are identified a planktic,
smaller and larger benthic foraminifera, molluscs, echinoderm and red algae, also
accompanied with occasional quartz, rock fragments [clay clats and volcanic type]
and glaucony. Carbonaceous organic material also occurs as fine particles. Calcite
occurs as cements. The fossils chambers foraminifera also occluded by calcite,
dolomite, kaolinite, and pyrite and clay material. Small amounts detrital clay is
incorporated with lime mud. The lime mud has been partially recrystallized to
microspar. Visible porosity is poor and consists of vuggy, intraparticle and open
microfracture.

3. Wackestone to packstone
Mud-supported to grain-supported. Bioclasts are common and including planktic,
smaller and larger foraminifera, also fragments of molluscan, echinoderm and
corals. Other grains also observed; consist of quartz, glaucony and phosphatic
material. Carbonaceous organic matrial occurs as fine particles. Calcite occurs as
cements and inside the chambers foraminifera. Dolomite and pyrite also dispersed
in the matrix. Kaolinite also noted and inside the fossils chambers. The matrix
composed by abundant lime mud and detrital clay, which they are incorporated
each other. The lime mud has been partial recrystallized to microspar. Visible
porosity is poor and the pore system is vuggy and intraparticles types.

4. Recrystallized limestone
Especially at the lower part of the well. The lime mud has been commonly
recrystallized to pseudospar. Minor to common secondary quartz are recorded.
Also observed bioclasts but rare; they are milliolds, molluscan fragments
[gastropods] and ideterminate. Calcite occurs as cements. Carbonaceous organic
material is incorporated with restricted detrital clay occur as along stylolite seams.
Very fine pyrite and dolomite is present within the matrix. Calcite also heald the
fractures. Visible porosity is nil to negligible.
Dolostone

Dolostone composed by very fine to fine dolomite rhombs, which the crystals occur as
totally replacement of the matrix. Occasional original detrital clay can be seen. Bioclasts
are planktic, smaller and larger benthic foraminifera, which the fossils chambers filled by
calcite, dolomite and kaolinite. Scaece quartz and glaucony also occur. Visible porosity
is poor and the pore systems are intercrystalline and vuggy types.

Siltstone
Siltstone, moderately sorted, the grains are angular to subrounded and composed by
mainly of quartz, with subordinate K-feldspar, rock fragments [chert, metaquartzite, clay
clasts], muscovite, heavy minerals [zircon] and carbonaceous organic material. Common
detrital clay occur as interstitial matrix, which are partially replaced with microcrystalline
siderite. Minor authigenic minerals include kaolinite, calcite and pyrite, which occur as
pore-filling cements and selectively replace unstable grains. Visible porosity is poor.

Tuff

This lithology composed by abundant glassy volcanic and minor quartz, K-feldspar,
plagioclase and rock fragments [chert, volcanic type and glassy fragments, possibly tuff].
But the glassy volcanic has been strongly and largely devitrified to kaolinite, sericite/illite
and silicified.They also largely replaced by calcite and siderite. The glassy volcanic
apparent has discountinous lamination and flow texrure also occurs. Minor to common gas
holes filled by silica [secondary quartz], calcite and kaolinite. Calcite also heald the
fractures. Pyrite and opaq minerals are recognized. Visible porosity is nil to negligible.

Volcanic Rock

Andesite, have phorphyritic textures and subhedral to euhedral plagioclase occur as

phynocrysts. Accessory minerals also observed they are muscovite, detrital chlorite, heavy
minerals [zircon and opaq minerals]. They set within the groundmass. The groundmass
composed by laths plagioclase and glass volcanic. The groundmass has been partially
silicified and devitrified to kaolinite, sericite/illite and chlorite. Secondary minerals are
including kaolinite, calcite, siderite and chlorite, which occur as partially replacement of
plagioclase and groundmass. Secondary quartz also occludes the gas holes. Visible
porosity is nil.

Carbonaceous Organic Material

Black and sometimes contain very minor silt quartz grains. Sometimes associated with
pyrite.
 Lithostratigraphy
]

Depth
meters

988-990
978-980
964-966

2138-2140
1948-1950
1922-1924
1874-1876
1830-1832
1816-1818
1368-1370
1008-1010

9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

11
10
Plate No.

Ditch Cutting Sample Type

5
8

25
20
30
25
18
20
25
25
85
Claystone

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Calcareous claystone

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
tr
Sandy claystone
Claystone

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Silty Claystone

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10

Bioclastic claystone
-
-
-
-

62
20
20
60
45
77
80
Sandstone [including loose sand]
-
-
-
-
-

5
5

10
10
10
20
Calcareous Sandstone
Sandstone

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Argillaceous sandstone

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

65
55
Siltstone
Lithology

- Wackestone [with locally slightly

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2

recrystallized]
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

75
75
92

Packstone
Limestone

-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Wackestone to packstone
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Dolostone
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Tuff

Volcanic Rock [include silicified &

-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

devitrified]
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

3
10

Carbonaceous organic material

TOTAL
100
100
100

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
 Lithostratigraphy

Depth
meters

2762-2764
2664-2666
2654-2656
2628-2630
2610-2612
2562-2564
2542-2544
2300-2302
2296-2298
2282-2284
2272-2274

22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
Plate No.

Ditch Cutting Sample Type

-
-

3
8
3
6
6

65
15
12
10
Claystone

-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Calcareous claystone

-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Sandy claystone
Claystone

-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Silty Claystone

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-

30
Bioclastic claystone

-
-

-
-
6
1

tr
93
75
10

Sandstone [including loose sand]

100
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-

1
8

Calcareous Sandstone
Sandstone

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-

Argillaceous sandstone

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-

Siltstone
Lithology

- Wackestone [with locally slightly

-
-
-

3
88
68
97
88

recrystallized]
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

Packstone
Limestone

-
-
-

-
-
35
10
83
79
81

Wackestone to packstone
-
-
-
-
-

-
4
2
1
8

Dolostone
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-

Tuff

Volcanic Rock [include silicified &

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-

devitrified]
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-

Carbonaceous organic material

TOTAL
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

100
100
 Lithostratigraphy

Depth
meters

3090-3092
3064-3066
2914-2916
2912-2914
2910-2912
2904-2906
2898-2900
2886-2888
2880-2882
2770-2772
2766-2768

33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
Plate No.

Ditch Cutting Sample Type

-
-
-
-
-
-

5
1

tr
tr
tr
Claystone

-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Calcareous claystone

-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Sandy claystone
Claystone

-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

40
96
Silty Claystone

-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Bioclastic claystone

1
54
73
97
84

Sandstone [including loose sand]

100
100
100
100
100
100

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
5
Calcareous Sandstone
Sandstone

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
20
Argillaceous sandstone

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
Siltstone
Lithology

- Wackestone [with locally slightly

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
tr

recrystallized]
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Packstone
Limestone

-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Wackestone to packstone
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
1

Dolostone
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Tuff

Volcanic Rock [include silicified &

-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

devitrified]
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

2
3

3
15

Carbonaceous organic material

TOTAL
100
100

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

100
 Lithostratigraphy

Depth
meters

3224-3226
3210-3212
3190-3192
3180-3182
3172-3174
3164-3166
3160-3162
3146-3148
3138-3140
3104-3106
3092-3094

44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
Plate No.

Ditch Cutting Sample Type

-
-
-
-
-

2
1
1
1
2

tr
Claystone

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
Calcareous claystone

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
Sandy claystone
Claystone

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
30
Silty Claystone

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
- Bioclastic claystone
-

6
8
3
1
1

15
15
20
92
66

Sandstone [including loose sand]

-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

Calcareous Sandstone
Sandstone

-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

Argillaceous sandstone

-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

Siltstone
Lithology

Wackestone [with locally slightly

-

4
1
6
1

2
1
1

tr
87
72

recrystallized]
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

Packstone
Limestone

-
-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

Wackestone to packstone
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

Dolostone
-
-

2
2

78
84
90
95
98
99
99

Tuff

Volcanic Rock [include silicified &

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

devitrified]
-
-
-
-

1
2
3
5
3

tr
tr

Carbonaceous organic material

TOTAL
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

100
100
100
100
 Lithostratigraphy

Depth
meters

3470-3472
3452-3454
3448-3450
3438-3440
3425-3230
3412-3414
3410-3412
3394-3396
3386-3388
3266-3268
3240-3242

55
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
Plate No.

Ditch Cutting Sample Type

-
-
-
-
-
-

1
1
1
2

tr
Claystone

-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Calcareous claystone

-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Sandy claystone
Claystone

-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Silty Claystone

-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Bioclastic claystone

-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
5

8
12

Sandstone [including loose sand]

-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Calcareous Sandstone
Sandstone

-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Argillaceous sandstone
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-

4
tr
Siltstone
Lithology

Wackestone [with locally slightly

3
3
3
1
5
tr

78
94
93

100
100

recrystallized]
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

Packstone
Limestone

-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

Wackestone to packstone
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

Dolostone
-
-
-
3

20
76
88
98
94
80

14

Tuff

Volcanic Rock [include silicified &

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

2
4
20
82

devitrified]
-

-
-
-
-
-
1
1
1

Carbonaceous organic material

TOTAL
100
100
100
100
100
100

100
100
100
100
100
 Lithostratigraphy

FIGURE:
Depth
meters

3522-3524
3504-3506
3498-3500
3496-3498
3476-3478

60
59
58
57
56
Plate No.

Ditch Cutting Sample Type

-
-
-
-
1
Claystone

-
-
-
-
-
Calcareous claystone

-
-
-
-
-
Sandy claystone
Claystone

-
-
-
-
- Silty Claystone

-
-
-
-
-

Bioclastic claystone

-
-
-
-
-

Sandstone [including loose sand]

-
-
-
-
-

Calcareous Sandstone
Sandstone

-
-
-
-
-

Argillaceous sandstone
-
-
-
-
tr

Siltstone
Lithology

Wackestone [with locally slightly

4
78

10
10
15

PETROGRAPHIC SUMMARY LITHOLOGYOF DITCH CUTTINGS

recrystallized]
-

-
-
-
-

Packstone
Limestone

-
-
-
-

Wackestone to packstone
-

-
-
-
-

Dolostone
70
75
20

15
20

Tuff

Volcanic Rock [include silicified &

1

20
15
70
76

devitrified]
-
-
-
-
-

Carbonaceous organic material

TOTAL
100
100
100
100
100

Coloured areas denote dominant lithology

 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 964 - 966 meter

PLATE 1

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: CLAYSTONE

Claystone [98%]

The claystone can be divided 3 [there]:

1. Claystone, 85%
Massive, consist occasionally of bioclasts and silt to very sand grain quartz, which
are set randomly in the clay matrix. The clay matrix has been partially replaced by
microcrystalline siderite. Glaucony is noted. The bioclasts are planktic and smaller
benthic foraminifera, which the chambers of foraminifera filled by calcite. Pyrite is
also present and dispersed in the matrix. Visible porosity is nil.

2. Sandy claystone, 3%
Massive, contain a lot of sand grains are quartz, K-feldspar, rock fragments [chert,
metaquartzite, clay clasts and volcanic type] and glaucony. Trace bioclasts also
noted and is identified a planktic foraminifera. Carbonaceous organic material
occurs as fine filament and is divided in the clay matrix. The clay matrix has
partially recrystallized to kaolinite and possibly smectite. Visible porosity is poor.

3. Bioclastic claystone, 10%

Massive and contain common bioclasts [planktic and smaller benthic
foraminifera], which some of the fossils chambers filled by calcite. They all set in
within the matrix. The matrix has partially replaced by calcite and dolomite.
Visible porosity is poor and the pore types are secondary porosity and intraparticle
also recorded. Artificial fractures are observed, possibly due to the effect of
sidewall coring process and/or sample preparation.

Limestone [2%]

Limestone, classified as wackestone, contain some bioclasts [planktic and smaller benthic
foraminifera, also echinoderm] and quartz, which are set in the lime mud matrix. The lime
mud has been partially recrystallized to microspar. Calcite occurs as cements and filling
the chambers foraminifera. Rare dolomite and pyrite also present in the matrix. Visible
porosity is poor and consists of vuggy, mouldic and intraparticle pore types.
 Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 964 - 966 meter

PLATE 1

Claystone

Planktic form

Bioclastic claystone

Quartz
Claystone
Planktic form

Sandy claystone

Detrital Clay
Ca Planktic
PF form

Secondary Porosity

Pyrite
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 978 - 980 meter

PLATE 2

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: LIMESTONE

Limestone [92%]

Texturally classified as packstone, grain-supported, and contain assorted bioclasts are

planktic and smaller benthic foraminifera, molluscs and echinoderm. Scarce quartz is
noted. The lime mud has distributed between the grains and has been partially
recrystallized to microspar. Calcite and dolomite occur as cements and also filling the
chambers foraminifera. Pyrite sis also noted. Visible porosity is poor and consists of
vuggy, intraparticle and open microfracture pore types.

Claystone [98%]

The claystone can be divided 2 [two]:

1. Claystone, 8%
Massive and no bioclasts. Only obvious grains are quartz and pyrite, which set
randomly in the matrix. Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine filament
and divided in the matrix. Microcrystalline siderite occurs as selectively
replacement the matrix. Visible porosity is nil.

2. Sandy claystone,Trace
Massive and contain common quartz, and occasional detrital chlorite and clay
clasts. They set randomly in the clay matrix. Pyrite and carbonaceous organic
material also recognized. Visible porosity is poor.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 978 - 980 meter

PLATE 2

Claystone

Limestone

Limestone
Ca

PF

Ca

BF IaP
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 988 - 990 meter

PLATE 3

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: LIMESTONE

Limestone [75%]

Texturally classified as packstone, grain-supported, consits common of bioclasts are

planktic, smaller and larger benthic foraminifera, molluscs and echinoderm. Rare quartz,
clay clats and fragments volcanic type. Calcite and dolomite occurs as cements and filling
the chambers foraminifera. The fossils chambers also filled with clay material. The lime
mud matrix incorporated with occasional detrital clay material. Lime mud has been
partially recrystallized to microspar. Visible porosity is poor to moderate and comprises
vuggy and intraparticle pore types.

Claystone [25%]

Massive. Present very small amounts of quartz are set randomly in the clay matrix. No
bioclasts. Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine filament and divided in the matrix.
Pyrite is noted. Microcrystalline siderite occurs as selectively replacement the matrix.
Visible porosity is nil.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 988 - 990 meter

PLATE 3

Claystone

Limestone

Limestone
Ech
DC

PF
Qz

Limestone

PF

Ca
Claystone
Mol
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 1008 - 1010 meter

PLATE 4

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: LIMESTONE

Limestone [75%]

Texturally classified as packstone, grain-supported, consits common of bioclasts are

planktic foraminifera, smaller benthic foraminifera, molluscs and echinoderm. Also
present quartz and glaucony. Blocky calcite and dolomite occurs as cements and occlude
the fossils chambers. The fossils chambers also filled with glaucony and pyrite. The lime
mud matrix incorporated with occasional detrital clay material. Lime mud has been
partially recrystallized to microspar. Visible porosity is poor to moderate and comprises
vuggy and intraparticle pore types.

Claystone [25%]

Massive and consisting small amounts of quartz, bioclasts [planktic and smaller benthic
foraminifera] and glaucony. Occasional kaolinite, glaucony and pyrite inside the fossils
chambers foraminifera. Microcrystalline siderite has been partially replacing the clay
matrix. Visible porosity is poor.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 1008 - 1010 meter

PLATE 4

Limestone

Limestone

Limestone

Claystone

Ca

Mol
PF

Vug PF
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 1368 - 1370 meter

PLATE 5

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SANDSTONE

Loose sand [80%]

Loose sand, medium-grained, subangular to subrounded, the grains which are presumably
derived from a porous and/or unconsolidated sandstones, and tentatively classified as
subarkose. The framework grains composed predominantly by quartz grains, with
subordinate K-feldspar, rock fragments [including chert, claystone, metaquartzite and
sandstone], and glaucony. Bioclasts also present, include smaller benthic foraminifera and
echinoderm. Very minor detrital clay matrix occurs as interstitial form. Secondary
minerals are minor and consist of calcite, kaolinite and pyrite. They occur as pore-filling
cements. While kaolinite and pyrite also partially replace unstable grains. Siderite and
clays were coated the grains. Syntaxial overgrowths have developed on quartz grains.
Visible porosity is difficult to estimate but possibly ranging from moderate to good.
Intraparticle pore type also noted beside primary intergranular and secondary porosity.

Claystone [20%]

Massive, consists very minor of silt/sand quartz grains and pyrite, which are set randomly
in the clay matrix. Scarce bioclasts which are identify a planktic foraminifera.
Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine filament. Visible porosity is ranging from
negligible to poor.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 1368 - 1370 meter

PLATE 5

Loose sand

Claystoe

Qz

Ca

Qz
Qz
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 1816 - 1818 meter

PLATE 6

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SANDSTONE

Sandstone [82%]

There are two [2] sandstone:

1. Sandstone, 77%
Consolidated, fine to medium-grained, subangular to subrounded, medium to well
sorted and tentatively classified as subarkose. Quartz is prevailing, accompanied
with K-feldspar, plagioclase, rock fragments [include chert, metaquartzite,
claystone, volcanic type, and schist], and occasional glaucony and muscovite.
Bioclasts is restricted and consists of planktic and smaller benthic foraminifera.
Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine filament. Minor detrital clay is
distributed as interstitial matrix but locally is faintly laminae and disturbed with
bioturbation. Some ductile grains have deformed resulting in formation of
pseudomatrix. Minor secondary minerals include kaolinite, sericite/illite and
pyrite, which occur as filling the pores and selective replace unstable grains.
Whereas kaolinite also inside the fossils chamber foraminifera. Some quartz grains
were enveloped with syntaxial overgrowths. Some grains also were coated with
clays. Visible porosity is poor.

2. Calcareous sandstone, 5%
Consolidated, upper medium-grained, moderately to well sorted and tentatively
classified as subarkose. The grains are subangular to subrounded and point to
planar grains contacts, mainly of quartz, with subordinate K-feldspar, plagioclase
and rock fragments [chert, metaquartzite, claystone, volcanic type, schist]. Other
grains are scarce and consist of glaucony, muscovite and heavy minerals [zircon].
Common calcite together with occasional kaolinite occludes the pore spaces. Thin
synatxial overgrowths have developed on quartz grains and some grains were
coated with clays. Visible porosity is poor.

Claystone [18%]

Massive, consisting very small amounts of silt/sand quartz grains are set randomly within
clay matrix. Rare bioclasts are identified as planktic foraminifera. Carbonaceous organic
material occurs as fine filament. Very fine pyrite is dispersed in the matrix. Visible
porosity is ranging from negligible to poor.
 Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 1816 - 1818 meter

PLATE 6

Claystone

Sandstone

Sandstone

Calcarous sandstone

Gl
Py

Qz

SP
CC

SP
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 1830 - 1832 meter

PLATE 7

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SANDSTONE

Sandstone [75%]

There are two [2] sandstone :

1. Sandstone, 55%
Consolidated, very fine to medium-grained, medium to well sorted and tentatively
classified as subarkose. The grains are subangular to subrounded and composed by
predominantly quartz, with subordinate K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments
[chert, metaquartzite, claystone, volcanic type, and schist]. Bioclasts are observed;
include planktic and smaller benthic foraminifera. Accessory minerals are
glaucony, detrital chorite, muscovite and heavy minerals [zircon]. Detrital clay is
ranging from minor to common and is distributed as interstitial matrix also locally
occurs as laminae form. But the lamination has been partially disturbed with
biortubations. Authigenic minerals include calcite, kaolinite and pyrite occur as
selective replacement unstable grains and filling the pore spaces. Kaolinite also
inside the chambers foraminifera. Syntaxial overgrowths have developed on quartz
grains. Clays also were coating the grains. Visible porosity is poor.

2. Calcareous sandstone, 20%

Consolidated, upper medium-grained, moderately to well sorted and tentatively
classified as subarkose. The framework grains are subangular to subrounded and
predominantly quartz, accompanied with K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock
fragments [chert, metaquartzite, claystone, volcanic type, schist], glaucony,
muscovite and heavy minerals [zircon]. The intergranular pores occluded by
calcite together with occasional kaolinite and pyrite. Thin synatxial overgrowths
have developed on quartz grains and some grains were coated with clays. Visible
porosity is poor.

Claystone [25%]

Massive, contain occasional silt/sand quartz grains and bioclasts [planktic foraminifera],
which are set randomly within clay matrix. Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine
filament. Very fine pyrite is dispersed in the matrix. Very minor microcrystalline siderite
also present occurs as partial replace clay matrix. Visible porosity is ranging from
negligible to poor.
Carbonaceous organic matrial [10%]

Black and sometimes consist of quartz and is associated with pyrite.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 1830 - 1832 meter

PLATE 7

Calcarous sabdstone

Carbonaceous org.mat
Sandstone Claystone

Qz

Gl

DC

Ca
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 1874 - 1876 meter

PLATE 8

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SANDSTONE

Sandstone [70%]

There are two [2] sandstone :

1. Sandstone, 60%
Consolidated, very fine to medium-grained, medium to well sorted and tentatively
classified as subarkose. The grains are subangular to subrounded and planar to
point grain contacts. Quartz grain prevails, with subordinate K-feldspar,
plagioclase and rock fragments [chert, metaquartzite, claystone, volcanic type, and
schist], glaucony, detrital chorite, muscovite and heavy minerals [zircon].
Resctricted bioclasts consist of planktic and smaller benthic foraminifera. Detrital
clay is ranging from minor to common. Which are distributed as interstitial matrix
also laminae form. But the lamination has been partially disturbed with
biortubations. Some unstable grains have been partially replaced by secondary
minerals. They include calcite, kaolinite and pyrite. These secondary minerals also
filling the pore spaces. While kaolinite occlude the fossils chambers. Syntaxial
overgrowths have developed on quartz and feldspar grains. Some grains were
covered with clays. Visible porosity is moderate to good. Intraparticle pore types,
which is associated wityh chambers foraminifera also observed, besides secondary
porosity and primary intergranular pore types.

2. Calcareous sandstone, 10%

Consolidated, upper medium-grained, moderately to well sorted and tentatively
classified as subarkose. Quartz is predominated, with subordinate K-feldspar,
plagioclase and rock fragments [chert, metaquartzite, claystone, volcanic type,
schist], glaucony, muscovite and heavy minerals [zircon]. Common calcite
occludes the integranular pores accompanied with rare kaolinite and pyrite. Quartz
overgrowths also noted. Visible porosity is poor.

Claystone [30%]

Massive, consist of minor silt/sand quartz grains and bioclasts are set randomly within
clay matrix. The bioclasts are planktic foraminifera. Carbonaceous organic material
occurs as fine filament. Very fine pyrite is dispersed in the matrix. Very minor
microcrystalline siderite also present occurs as partial replace clay matrix. Visible porosity
is ranging from negligible to poor.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 1874 - 1876 meter

PLATE 8

Sandstone

Sandstone with clay laminae

Qz

Gl SP

SP
SP

Qz

DC

SP
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 1922 - 1924 meter

PLATE 9

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SILTSTONE

Siltstone [55%]

Siltstone, moderately sorted, the grains are angular to subrounded and composed by
mainly of quartz, with subordinate K-feldspar, rock fragments [chert, metaquartzite, clay
clasts], bioclasts [planktic and smaller benthic foraminifera], muscovite, heavy minerals
[zircon] and carbonaceous organic material. Common detrital clay occurs as interstitial
matrix, which are partially replaced with microcrystalline siderite. Minor authigenic
minerals include kaolinite, calcite and pyrite, which occur as pore-filling cements and
selectively replace unstable grains. Visible porosity is poor.

Sandstone [25%]

There are two [2] sandstone :

1. Sandstone, 20%
Consolidated, fine to medium-grained, medium to well sorted and tentatively
classified as subarkose. The framework grains dominated by quartz, with
subordinate K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments [chert, metaquartzite,
claystone, volcanic type, and schist], glaucony, detrital chorite, muscovite and
heavy minerals [zircon]. Resctricted bioclasts consist of planktic and smaller
benthic foraminifera. Detrital clay is ranging from minor to common. They
distributed as interstitial matrix and laminae form. But the lamination has been
partially disrupted with biortubations. Kaolinite together with calcite and pyrite
occur as pore-filling spaces and partial replace less stable grains. Quartz
overgrowths and clay coating are identified. Visible porosity is moderate to good.

2. Calcareous sandstone, 5%
Consolidated, upper medium-grained, moderately to well sorted and tentatively
classified as subarkose. Quartz is the dominant framework grains, accompanied
with predominated K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments [chert,
metaquartzite, claystone, volcanic type, schist], glaucony, muscovite and heavy
minerals [zircon]. Also present bioclasts; consist of molluscs, echinoderm, planktic
and smaller benthic foraminifera. Common calcite occludes the integranular pores
accompanied with rare kaolinite and pyrite. Quartz is covered with syntaxial
overgrowths. Visible porosity is poor.
Claystone [20%]

Massive, with occasional silt/sand quartz grains and bioclasts. They set randomly within
clay matrix. The bioclasts are planktic foraminifera. Carbonaceous organic material
occurs as fine filament. Very fine pyrite is dispersed in the matrix. Few clay matrix have
been replaced by microcrystalline siderite. Visible porosity is ranging from negligible to
poor.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 1922 - 1924 meter

PLATE 9

Claystone

Siltstone

Sandstone

Siltstone

DC

Qz

Py

Gl
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 1948 - 1950 meter

PLATE 10

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SILTSTONE

Siltstone [65%]

Siltstone, moderately sorted, the framework grains are angular to subrounded and quartz is
dominantly. Accompanied with K-feldspar and rock fragments [chert, metaquartzite, clay
clasts]. Amonuts of bioclasts are including planktic and smaller benthic foraminifera.
Other grains also occurs; consist of muscovite, heavy minerals [zircon] and carbonaceous
organic material. Common detrital clay occurs as interstitial matrix, which are partially
replaced with microcrystalline siderite. Minor authigenic minerals include kaolinite,
calcite and pyrite, which occur as pore-filling cements and selectively replace unstable
grains. Visible porosity is poor.

Sandstone [30%]

There are two [2] sandstone :

1. Sandstone, 85%
Consolidated, very fine to medium-grained, medium to well sorted and tentatively
classified as subarkose. Quartz is the predominant grains, accompanied with K-
feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments [chert, metaquartzite, claystone, volcanic
type, and schist], glaucony, detrital chorite, muscovite and heavy minerals [zircon].
Restricted bioclasts consist of planktic and smaller benthic foraminifera. Minor to
common detrital clay occur as interstitial matrix and laminae form. The lamination
has been partially disrupted with biortubations. Secondary minerals are including
kaolinite, calcite and pyrite occur as pore-filling spaces and partial replace less
stable grains. Thin syntaxial overgrowths have developed on quartz grains. Some
grains were coated the clays. Visible porosity is moderate.

2. Calcareous sandstone, 10%

Consolidated, upper medium-grained, moderately to well sorted and tentatively
classified as subarkose, composed by quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock
fragments [chert, metaquartzite, claystone, volcanic type, schist], glaucony,
muscovite and heavy minerals [zircon]. Bioclasts include planktic and smaller
benthic foraminifera, molluscs and echinoderm,. Common calcite and occasional
kaolinite and pyrite fill the integranular pores. Weakly syntaxial overgrowths have
developed on quartz grains. Clay coatings are observed. Visible porosity is poor.
Claystone [5%]

Massive. The silt/sand quartz grains and bioclasts are present and set within the abundant
clay matrix. The bioclasts are planktic foraminifera. Carbonaceous organic material
occurs as fine filament. Very fine pyrite is dispersed in the matrix. Rare clay matrix has
been replaced by microcrystalline siderite. Visible porosity is ranging from negligible to
poor.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 1948 - 1950 meter

PLATE 10

Siltstone
Siltstone

Sandstone

Sandstone

SP

Qz
Qz
SP

Gl DC

DC
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2138-2140 meter

PLATE 11

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SANDSTONE

Sandstone [82%]

There are two [2] sandstone :

1. Sandstone, 62%
Consolidated, fine-grained, medium to well sorted and tentatively classified as
subarkose. The grains are subangular to subrounded, have planar to point grain
contacts and composed by quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments
[chert, metaquartzite, claystone, volcanic type, and sandstone], glaucony, detrital
chorite and muscovite. Several bioclasts are observed; include planktic and smaller
benthic foraminifera. Minor to common detrital clay occur as interstitial matrix.
Some ductile grains have deformed resulting in formation of pseudomatrix.
Secondary minerals consist of kaolinite, calcite and pyrite occurs as pore-filling
spaces and partial replace less stable grains. Syntaxial overgrowths have developed
on rare quartz grains. Some grains were coated the clays. Visible porosity is
moderate.

2. Calcareous sandstone, 20%

Consolidated, upper medium-grained, moderately to well sorted and tentatively
classified as subarkose, composed by quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock
fragments [chert, metaquartzite, claystone, volcanic type, schist], glaucony and
muscovite. Also identify bioclasts; include planktic and smaller benthic
foraminifera, molluscs and echinoderm. Common calcite and occasional kaolinite
and pyrite fill the integranular pores. Thin syntaxial overgrowths have developed
on quartz grains. Clay coatings are observed. Visible porosity is poor.

Claystone [25%]

Massive, contain minor silt/sand quartz grains and bioclasts. They set within the abundant
clay matrix. The bioclasts are identified as planktic foraminifera. Carbonaceous organic
material occurs as fine filament. Very fine pyrite is dispersed in the matrix. Rare clay
matrix has been replaced by microcrystalline siderite. Visible porosity is ranging from
negligible to poor.
Carbonaceous organic material [3%]

Black. Occasional contain quartz and sometimes associated with pyrite.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2138-2140 meter

PLATE 11

Claystone
Sandstone

Sandstone

Gl

Qz

DC

Ca
Qz

Py
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2272 - 2274 meter

PLATE 12

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: LIMESTONE

Limestone [81%]

The texturally classified as wackestone to packstone, mud-supported to grain-supported,

common bioclasts include planktic and smaller benthic foraminifera, also molluscan
fragments. Quartz, glaucony and phosphatic material are noted. Carbonaceous organic
material occurs as fine particles. Calcite occurs as cements and filling the chambers
foraminifera, which together with kaolinite, dolomite and pyrite. Dolomite and pyrite also
dispersed in the matrix. The matrix composed by abundant lime mud and minor detrital
clay material. The lime mud has been partial recrystallized to microspar. Visible porosity
is poor and the pore system is vuggy types.

Claystone [10%]

Massive, contain rare silt/sand quartz grains are set randomly within the clay matrix. No
bioclasts. Very fine pyrite is dispersed in the matrix. Carbonaceous organic material
occurs as fine particles. Visible porosity is negligible.

Dolostone [8%]

Very fine to fine dolomite rhombs has been replaced the matrix. Bioclasts are recornized
and consist of planktic and smaller benthic foraminifera, which the chambers filled by
calcite, dolomite and kaolinite. Other grains also observed are quartz and glaucony.
Visible porosity is poor. The pore types are intercrytalline and vuggy.

Sandstone [1%]

Consolidated, fine-grained, medium to well sorted and tentatively classified as subarkose,

composed by quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments [chert, metaquartzite,
claystone, volcanic type, and sandstone], glaucony, detrital chorite and muscovite.
Bioclasts are planktic and smaller benthic foraminifera. Detrital clay occurs as interstitial
matrix. Kaolinite, calcite and pyrite occlude the pore spaces and selectively replacement
of unstable grains. Secondary quartz overgrowths and clay coating also observed. Visible
porosity is moderate.
 Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2272 - 2274 meter

PLATE 12

PF

Limestone

PF

Ca
PF

Qz
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2282 - 2284 meter

PLATE 13

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: LIMESTONE

Limestone [79%]

The texturally classified as wackestone to packstone, mud-supported to grain-supported,

common bioclasts and rare quartz, glaucony. The bioclasts notably a planktic and smaller
benthic foraminifera, also molluscan fragments. Carbonaceous organic material occurs as
fine particles. Calcite occurs as cements. Calcite, kaolinite, dolomite and pyrite occlude
the chambers foraminifera. Dolomite and pyrite also dispersed in the matrix. The matrix
composed by abundant lime mud and minor detrital clay material. The lime mud has been
partial recrystallized to microspar. Visible porosity is poor and the pore system is vuggy
types.

Claystone [12%]

Massive, consist small amounts of silt/sand quartz grains, bioclasts [planktic

foraminifera], rock fragments [chert], which are set randomly within the clay matrix. Very
fine pyrite is dispersed in the matrix. Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine
particles. Calcite inside the chambers foraminifera. Visible porosity is negligible.

Dolostone [1%]

Very fine to fine dolomite rhombs has been totaly replaced the matrix. Occasional
bioclasts are noted and consist of planktic and smaller benthic foraminifera. The chambers
filled by calcite, dolomite and kaolinite. Quartz and glaucony are recognized. Visible
porosity is poor. The pore types are intercrytalline and vuggy.

Calcareous sandstone, 8%

Consolidated, upper medium-grained, moderately to well sorted and tentatively classified

as subarkose, composed by quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments [chert,
metaquartzite, volcanic type] and glaucony. Bioclasts are noted; include planktic and
smaller benthic foraminifera. Common calcite and occasional kaolinite and pyrite fill the
integranular pores. Whereas calcite also inside the fossils chambers.Thin syntaxial
overgrowths have developed on quartz grains. Clay coatings are observed. Visible
porosity is poor.
 Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2282 - 2284 meter

PLATE 13

Limestone

Claystone

Claystone

Limestone

PF

Vug
Qz

DC

PF
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2296 - 2298 meter

PLATE 14

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: LIMESTONE

Limestone [83%]

The texturally classified as wackestone to packstone, mud-supported to grain-supported,

common bioclasts and rare quartz, glaucony. The bioclasts notably a planktic, smaller and
larger benthic foraminifera, also molluscan fragments, echinoderm and red algae.
Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine particles. Calcite occurs as cements and
inside the chambers foraminifera. Dolomite and pyrite also dispersed in the matrix.
Kaolinite also noted and inside the fossils chambers. The matrix is abundant lime mud and
minor detrital clay material. The lime mud has been partial recrystallized to microspar.
Visible porosity is poor and the pore system is vuggy and intraparticles types.

Claystone [6%]

Massive, consist of silt/sand quartz grains, planktic foraminifera, rock fragments [chert].
They set randomly within the clay matrix. Very fine pyrite is dispersed in the matrix.
Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine particles. Calcite inside the chambers
foraminifera. Visible porosity is negligible.

Sandstone [11%]

There are two [2] sandstone :

1. Sandstone, 10%
Consolidated, fine-grained, medium to well sorted and tentatively classified as
subarkose, composed mainly of quartz, accompanied with K-feldspar, plagioclase
and rock fragments [chert, metaquartzite, claystone, volcanic type, and sandstone].
Other grains also observed; include glaucony, detrital chorite and muscovite.
Bioclasts are observed; include planktic and smaller benthic foraminifera. Minor to
common detrital clay occur as interstitial matrix. Some ductile grains have
deformed resulting in formation of pseudomatrix. Secondary minerals consist of
kaolinite, calcite and pyrite occur as pore-filling spaces and partial replacement of
unstable grains. Syntaxial overgrowths have developed on rare quartz grains. Some
grains were coated the clays. Visible porosity is moderate.
2. Calcareous sandstone, 1%
Consolidated, upper medium-grained, moderately to well sorted and tentatively
classified as subarkose. The framework grains are predominantly of quartz, with
subordinate K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments [chert, metaquartzite,
claystone, volcanic type, schist], glaucony and muscovite. Also identify bioclasts
include planktic and smaller benthic foraminifera, molluscs and echinoderm.
Common calcite and occasional kaolinite and pyrite fill the integranular pores.
Thin syntaxial overgrowths have developed on quartz grains. Clay coatings are
observed. Visible porosity is poor.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2296 - 2298 meter

PLATE 14

Claystone

Limestone

Limestone

Limestone

Vug
Ca

PF PF

PF

LM
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2300 - 2302 meter

PLATE 15

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: LIMESTONE

Limestone [88%]

The texturally classified as wackestone, mud-supported, common bioclasts and rare

quartz, glaucony. The bioclasts are larger and smaller benthic foraminifera, molluscan
fragments, echinoderm, red algae and planktic foraminifera. Carbonaceous organic
material occurs as fine particles. Calcite occurs as cements and inside the chambers
foraminifera. Dolomite and pyrite also dispersed in the matrix. Abundant lime mud
incorporated with minor detrital clay material. The lime mud has been partial
recrystallized to microspar. Visible porosity is poor and the pore system is vuggy and
intraparticles types.

Claystone [6%]

Massive, with present occasional silt/sand quartz grains, planktic foraminifera, rock
fragments [chert]. They set randomly within the clay matrix. Very fine pyrite is dispersed
in the matrix. Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine particles. The chambers
foraminifera also filled by calcite. Visible porosity is negligible.

Sandstone [6%]

Consolidated, fine-grained, medium to well sorted and tentatively classified as subarkose.

Quartz grains prevail, with subordinate K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments [chert,
metaquartzite, claystone, volcanic type, and sandstone]. Very minor accessory grains;
consists of glaucony, detrital chorite and muscovite. Also present bioclasts are planktic
and smaller benthic foraminifera. Minor to common detrital clay occur as interstitial
matrix. Some ductile grains have deformed resulting in formation of pseudomatrix.
Secondary minerals consist of kaolinite, calcite and pyrite occur as pore-filling spaces and
partial replacement of unstable grains. Syntaxial overgrowths have developed on rare
quartz grains. Some grains were coated the clays. Visible porosity is moderate.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2300 - 2302 meter

PLATE 15

Limestone

LM

Vug
RA
Ca
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2542 - 2544 meter

PLATE 16

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SANDSTONE

Sandstone [75%]

Consolidated sandstone, fine -grained, moderately sorted and tentatively classified as

litharenite. The grains are subangular to subrounded, have point to planar grains contacts
and composed mainly of quartz, with subordinate rock fragments [chert, metaquartzite,
claystone], K-feldspar and plagioclase. Sporadic bioclasts are including planktic and
smaller benthic foraminifera. Trace muscovite also occur. Carbonaceous organic material
occurs as fine particles and is associated with pyrite. Minor detrital clay matrix occurs as
interstitial form. Minor secondary minerals include calcite, kaolinite, seicite/illite and
pyrite occurs as selective replace unstable grains and filling the intergranular pores.
Calcite also fills the chambers foraminifera. Some grains were coated with clays. Some
quartz was covered with syntaxial overgrowths. Visible porosity is poor.

Claystone [15%]

Massive, contain minor quartz and bioclasts [planktic foraminifera]. They set in the
abundant clay matrix. Pyrite and carbonaceous organic material is present in the matrix.
Local kaolinite has been partially recrystallized the matrix. Visible porosity is negligible.
Secondary porosity has resulted from dissolution of matrix.

Limestone [10%]

Possibly texturally classified as wackestone to packstone, contain bioclasts and quartz,

which are set in the matrix. The bioclasts are identified a smaller and larger benthic
foraminifera, molluscan fragments, echinoderm, red algae and planktic foraminifera.
Calcite occurs as cements. The lime mud is incorporated with rare detrital clay. The lime
mud has been partial recrystallized to microspar. Visible porosity is poor and consists of
vuggy pore types.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2542 - 2544 meter

PLATE 16

Sandstone

Claystone

Sandstone

Sandstone

Qz

Qz

DC
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2562 - 2564 meter

PLATE 17

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: CLAYSTONE

Claystone [65%]

Massive, consist small amount of quartz and smaller benthic foraminifera. The grains are
set in the clay matrix. Pyrite and carbonaceous organic material is present in the matrix.
Local kaolinite has been partially recrystallized the matrix. The matrix has been partially
replaced by microcrystallinde siderite. Visible porosity is ranging from nil to negligible.
Secondary porosity has resulted from dissolution of matrix.

Limestone [35%]

Possibly texturally classified as wackestone to packstone, contain common bioclasts,

which are identified a smaller and larger benthic foraminifera, molluscan fragments,
echinoderm, coral debris and planktic foraminifera. Block calcite occurs as cements.
Dolomite and pyrite is present in the matrix. The lime mud is incorporated with rare
detrital clay. The lime mud has been partial recrystallized to microspar. Visible porosity is
poor and consists of vuggy pore types.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2562 - 2564 meter

PLATE 17

Limestone

Claystone

Claystone

DC

Py
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2610 - 2612 meter

PLATE 18

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: LIMESTONE

Limestone [97%]

Possibly texturally classified as wackestone and mud-supported. The notably bioclasts are
smaller and larger benthic foraminifera, molluscan fragments also red algae. Calcite
occurs as cements. Dolomite and pyrite is present in the matrix. Calcite also inside the
fossils chamber foraminifera. Very minor detrital clay is incorporated with lime mud. The
lime mud has been partial recrystallized to microspar and fine pseudspar. Visible porosity
is poor and consists of vuggy pore types.

Claystone [3%]

Massive. Small amount of quartz and bioclasts [smaller benthic foraminifera] are
observed, which are set in the clay matrix. Pyrite and carbonaceous organic material is
present in the matrix. Local kaolinite has been partially recrystallized the matrix. The
matrix has been partially replaced by microcrystallinde siderite. Visible porosity is
ranging from nil to negligible. Secondary porosity has resulted from dissolution of matrix.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2610 - 2612 meter

PLATE 18

Claystone

Limestone

Mol Limestone

LF
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2628 - 2630 meter

PLATE 19

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: LIMESTONE

Limestone [68%]

Possibly texturally classified as wackestone, with consist of bioclasts are identified a

smaller and larger benthic foraminifera, molluscan fragments, echinoderm and planktic
foraminifera. Occasonal quartz also occurs. Calcite occurs as cements. Foraminiferal
chambers also filled by calcite. Dolomite and pyrite is present in the matrix. The lime mud
is incorporated with rare detrital clay. The lime mud has been partial recrystallized to
microspar. Visible porosity is poor and consists of vuggy pore types.

?Bioclastic claystone [30%]

Massive, contain common bioclasts and rare quartz also glaucony. The biclasts notably
smaller and larger benthic foraminifera, echinoderm and planktic foraminifera. The fossils
chambers also filled by calcite, pyrite and glaucony. The clay matrix also partial replaced
by calcite. Pyrite and carbonaceous organic material is present in the matrix. Visible
porosity is ranging from negligible to poor.

Dolostone [2%]

Very fine to fine dolomite rhombs has been totaly replaced the matrix. Rare larger
foraminifera are observed. Quartz and glaucony are recognized. Visible porosity is poor.
The pore types are intercrytalline and vuggy.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2628 - 2630 meter

PLATE 19

Limestone

Claystone

Limestone
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2654 - 2656 meter

PLATE 20

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: LIMESTONE

Limestone [88%]

The texturally classified as wackestone and mud-supported. The bioclasts are identified a
larger and smaller benthic foraminifera, molluscan fragments, byrozoans and red algae.
Occasional quartz and glaucony. Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine particles.
Calcite and dolomite occurs as cements and inside the chambers foraminifera. Dolomite
and pyrite also dispersed in the matrix. Abundant lime mud is incorporated with rare
detrital clay material. The lime mud has been partial recrystallized to microspar. Visible
porosity is poor and the pore system is vuggy types.

Claystone [8%]

Massive. Present smaller benthic foraminifera and quartz, which are set in the matrix.
Calcite occurs as filling the chambers foraminifera and partial replacement of clay matrix.
Very fine pyrite and carbonaceous organic material also occur. Visible porosity is nil to
negligible.

Dolostone [4%]

Very fine to fine dolomite rhombs has been totaly replaced the matrix. Larger benthic
foraminifera are observed. Very minor detrital clay matrix, quartz and glaucony are
recognized. Visible porosity is poor. The pore types are intercrytalline and vuggy.

Sandstone [Trace]

Lower fine-grained, moderately sorted and tentatively classified as subarkose. The grains
predominated by quartz, accompanied with K-feldspar and rock fragments [chert]. Very
Detrital clay occur as interstitial matrix. Secondary minerals are only kaolinite and occur
as pore-filling spaces and replace unstable grains. Visible porosity is poor.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2654 - 2656 meter

PLATE 20

Limestone

Claystone

Limestone

Ech

BF
Mol

Limestone
LM
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2664 - 2666 meter

PLATE 21

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SANDSTONE

Sandstone [93%]

Consolidated sandstone, fine -grained, moderately sorted and tentatively classified as

subrkose. The grains are angular to subrounded, have point to planar grains contacts and
composed by quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments [chert, metaquartzite,
claystone]. Scarce other grains include mica [muscovite, biotite] and heavy minerals
[zircon]. Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine particles. Minor detrital clay matrix
occurs as interstitial form. Some ductile grains have deformed resulting in formation of
pseudomatrix. Minor secondary minerals include calcite, kaolinite, sericite/illite and pyrite
occurs as selective replacement of grains and as pore-filling spaces. Some grains were
coated with clays. Some quartz was covered with syntaxial overgrowths. Visible porosity
is poor.

Claystone [3%]

Massive, contain minor quartz and bioclasts [planktic foraminifera]. They set in the
abundant clay matrix. Pyrite and carbonaceous organic material is present in the matrix.
Calcite occurs as partial replacement of clay matrix and inside the foraminiferal chambers.
Visible porosity is negligible.

Limestone [3%]

Possibly texturally classified as wackestone, contain bioclasts and quartz, which are set in
the matrix. The bioclasts are identified a smaller foraminifera and molluscan fragments.
Calcite occurs as cements and filling the chambers foraminifera. Dolomite and pyrite is
dispersed in the matrix. The lime mud is incorporated with rare detrital clay. The lime
mud has been partial recrystallized to microspar. Visible porosity is poor and consists of
vuggy pore types.

Dolostone [1%]

Very fine to fine dolomite rhombs has been totaly replaced the matrix. Occasional detrital
clay matrix is noted. Larger benthic foraminifera, quartz and glaucony are observed.
Visible porosity is poor. The pore types are intercrytalline and vuggy.
 Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
Depth 2664 - 2666 meter

PLATE 21

Limestone

Sandstone

Qz
Ch

Sandstone

Qz
Qz
 Depth 2762 - 2764 meter

PLATE 22

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SANDSTONE

Sandstone [100%]

Consolidated sandstone, fine -grained, well sorted and tentatively classified as subrkose.
The grains are subangular to subrounded and have point to planar grains contacts.Quartz
grain prevails, accompanied with K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments [chert,
metaquartzite, claystone]. Restricted accessory minerals consist of muscovite, heavy
minerals [zircon] and detrital chlorite. Minor detrital clay is distributed as interstitial
matrix. Quartz grains were covered with secondary overgrowths. Some grains also were
coated with clays. Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine particles. Minor
authigenic minerals are calcite, kalinite, sericite/illite and pyrite, which occur as pore-
filling cements and selective replace unstable grains. Visible porosity is poor to moderate.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2762 - 2764 meter

PLATE 22

Sandstone
Sandstone

IP

SP

Quartz

IP

SP
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2766 - 2768 meter

PLATE 23

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SANDSTONE

Sandstone [100%]

Consolidated sandstone, fine -grained, well sorted and tentatively classified as subrkose.
The grains are subangular to subrounded and have point to planar grains contacts. The
framework grains predominantly of quartz, with subordinate K-feldspar, plagioclase and
rock fragments [chert, metaquartzite, claystone]. Also present minor other grains; consist
of muscovite, heavy minerals [zircon] and detrital chlorite. Minor detrital clay is
distributed as interstitial matrix. Thin syntaxial overgrowths have developed on quartz
grains. Some grains also were coated with clays. Carbonaceous organic material occurs as
fine particles. Aauthigenic minerals occur as pore-filling cements and partial replace
unstable grains, they are calcite, kalinite, sericite/illite and pyrite, which occur as pore-
filling cements and selective replace unstable grains. Visible porosity is poor to moderate.

Claystone [Trace]

Massive, contain very small grains such as quartz, pyrite and debris bioclast. They all set
in the clay matrix. Visible porosity is negligible.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2766 - 2768 meter

PLATE 23

Sandstone

SP

Qz

KF
SP

Qz

Qz
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2770 - 2772 meter

PLATE 24

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: LOOSE SAND

Loose sand [100%]

Loose sand, fine to medium-grained, angular to subrounded, the grains which are
presumably derived from porous and/or unconsolidated sandstones, and tentatively
classified as subarkose. The grains are dominanted by quartz, with subordinate K-
feldspar, plagioclase, rock fragments [including chert, claystone, metaquartzite, granitic
type]. Trace planktic foraminifera also noted and the chambers filled by pyrite. Other
grains also occur and consist of muscovite, heavy minerals [zircon] and carbonaceous
organic material. Minor detrital clay matrix occurs as interstitial form. The clay matrix has
partially replaced by calcite and siderite. Secondary minerals include kaolinite and pyrite
occurs as pore-filling cements. The clays were coated the grains. Syntaxial overgrowths
have developed on quartz grains. Visible porosity is difficult to estimate but possibly
ranging from moderate to good. Intraparticle pore type also noted beside primary
intergranular and secondary porosity.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
Depth 2770 - 2772 meter

PLATE 24

Quartz

Qz

Qz

Py
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2880 - 2882 meter

PLATE 25

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SANDSTONE

Sandstone [84%]

Consolidated sandstone, fine to medium-grained, well sorted and tentatively classified as

subrkose. The grains are subangular to subrounded, mainly have planar grains contacts
and quartz is predominated, accompanied with K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments
[include chert, metaquartzite, claystone, granitic type and schist]. Muscovite also occurs.
Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine filament and also appears as faintly laminae
form. Minor detrital clay is distributed as interstitial matrix and partially replaced by
siderite. Thin syntaxial overgrowths have developed on quartz grains. Some grains also
were coated with clays. Authigenic minerals occur as pore-filling cements and partial
replace unstable grains. They are calcite, siderite, kaolinite, sericite/illite and pyrite, which
occur as pore-filling cements and selective replace unstable grains. Visible porosity is
poor.

Claystone [1%]

Massive, contain very small grains such as quartz and pyrite, which are set randomly in
the clay matrix. Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine filament and is divided in
the matrix. No bioclasts. Visible porosity is negligible.

Limestone [Trace]

No bioclasts in this lithology. The texturally possibly classified as wackestone. The lime
mud matrix has been partially recrystallized to microspar. Visible porosity is nil.

Carbonaceous Organic Material [15%]

Black and is associated with pyrite. Sometimes consists of very fine quartz grains.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2880 - 2882 meter

PLATE 25

Carbonaceous org.mat
Sandstone

Sandstone

Qz

Qz

Ch

SP
Qz

Qz
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2886 - 2888 meter

PLATE 26

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SANDSTONE

Sandstone [97%]

Consolidated sandstone, very fine to finegrained, well sorted and tentatively classified as
subrkose. The grains are angular to subrounded and mainly have planar grains contacts.
Quartz is dominated, accompanied with K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments
[include chert, metaquartzite, claystone, granitic type]. Traces muscovite is noted.
Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine filament and also appears as faintly laminae
form. Detrital clay is distributed as interstitial matrix and as laminae form. Quartz grains
were enveloped with syntaxial overgrowths. Some grains also were coated with clays.
Kalinite, sericite/illite and pyrite occurs as replace unstable grains and as filling the pore
spaces. Visible porosity is poor to moderate.

Carbonaceous Organic Material [3%]

Black and is associated with pyrite. Sometimes consists of very fine quartz grains.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2886 - 2888 meter

PLATE 26

Sandstone

Sandstone

Qz

Qz
SP

Qz
O
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2898 - 2900 meter

PLATE 27

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SANDSTONE

Sandstone [100%]

Consolidated sandstone, very fine to finegrained, well sorted and tentatively classified as
subrkose. The grains are angular to subrounded and mainly have planar grains contacts.
Quartz is dominated, accompanied with K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments
[include chert, metaquartzite, claystone, granitic type]. Traces muscovite is noted.
Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine filament. Detrital clay occurs as faintly
laminae form and also as interstitial matrix. The lamination is disrupted with biotrbations.
Weakly syntaxial overgrowths have developed on quartz grains. Some grains also were
coated with clays. Secondary minerals include kaolinite, calcite, siderite, sericite/illite and
pyrite, which occur as replacement of unstable grains and as filling the pore spaces.
Visible porosity is poor.

Claystone [Trace]

Massive, consist of occasional quartz and pyrite, which are set randomly in the clay
matrix. Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine filament and is divided in the matrix.
No bioclasts. Visible porosity is negligible.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2898 - 2900 meter

PLATE 27

Sandstone

Sandstone

Py

K Qz

Qz
Ch
Qz
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2904 - 2906 meter

PLATE 28

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SANDSTONE

Sandstone [100%]

Consolidated sandstone, fine- grained, well sorted and tentatively classified as subrkose.
The grains are angular to subrounded, mainly have planar grains contacts and quartz is
predominated, accompanied with K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments [include
chert, metaquartzite, claystone, granitic type and schist]. Muscovite also occurs.
Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine filament and also appears as faintly laminae
form. Minor detrital clay is distributed as interstitial matrix and partially replaced by
siderite. Thin syntaxial overgrowths have developed on quartz grains. Some grains also
were coated with clays. Authigenic minerals occur as pore-filling cements and partial
replace unstable grains. They are calcite, siderite, kaolinite, sericite/illite and pyrite, which
occur as pore-filling cements and selective replace unstable grains. Visible porosity is
poor.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2904 - 2906 meter

PLATE 28

Sandstone

Sandstone

CC Ch

Ca

Qz

DC
O
Qz IP
Qo

Qz

IP
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2910 - 2912 meter

PLATE 29

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SANDSTONE

Sandstone [100%]

Consolidated sandstone, very fine to fine- grained, well sorted and tentatively classified as
subrkose. The grains are angular to subrounded and mainly have planar grains contacts.
Quartz grain prevails, with subordinate K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock fragments
[include chert, metaquartzite, claystone, granitic type and schist]. Other grains are
muscovite and heavy minerals [zircon]. Carbonaceous organic material is associated with
pyrite occur as faintly laminae. Kaolinite, sericite/illite and pyrite occur as partial
replacement of grains and occlude the intergranular pores. Rare quartz grains are covered
with syntaxial overgrowths. Some grains also were coated with clays. Some ductile grains
have deformed resulting in formation of pseudomatrix. Minor detrital clay is distributed as
interstitial matrix and partial replaced by calcite and siderite. Visible porosity is poor to
moderate.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2910 - 2912 meter

PLATE 29

Sandstone

Sandstone

Qz

Py
Qz

KF

SP
Qo
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2912 - 2914 meter

PLATE 30

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SANDSTONE

Sandstone [100%]

Consolidated sandstone, fine to upper fine- grained, well sorted and tentatively classified
as subrkose. The grains are angular to subrounded and mainly have planar grains contacts.
The grains are predominatly of quartz, with subordinate K-feldspar, plagioclase and rock
fragments [include chert, metaquartzite, claystone, granitic type and schist]. Accessory
grains include muscovite and heavy minerals [zircon]. Carbonaceous organic material is
associated with pyrite occur as faintly laminae. Kaolinite, sericite/illite and pyrite occur as
partial replacement of grains and occlude the intergranular pores. Syntaxial overgrowths
have developed on quartz grains. Some grains also were coated with clays. Some ductile
grains have deformed resulting in formation of pseudomatrix. Minor detrital clay is
distributed as interstitial matrix and partial replaced by siderite. Visible porosity is poor to
moderate.

Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2912 - 2914 meter

PLATE 30

Sandstone

Sandstone

Qo

IP

Qz
Qz

Ch
SP

Qz
SP
 PETROGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION OF CUTTINGS SAMPLE

Depth 2914 - 2916 meter

PLATE 31

DOMINANT CONSTITUENT: SANDSTONE

Sandstone [73%]

Consolidated, upper very fine to upper fine-grained, well sorted and tentatively classified
as subrkose. The grains are angular to subrounded, have planar to point grains contacts.
The framework grains are predominated by quartz, with subordinate K-feldspar,
plagioclase and rock fragments [include chert, metaquartzite, claystone, granitic type].
Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine filament, is associated with pyrite and
occurs as faintly laminae form. Detrital clay is distributed as laminae form and interstitial
matrix. The lamination is disturbed with bioturbtaion. Thin syntaxial overgrowths have
developed on quartz grains. Some grains also were coated with clays. Kaolinite,
sericite/illite, siderite and pyrite occur as replaces unstable grains and as filling the pore
spaces. Siderite also partial replacement of clay matrix. Visible porosity is poor.

Argillaceous sandstone [20%]

Sandstone, fine-grained, moderately sorted with common detrital clay matrix. The
sandstone is tentatively classified as subarkosic wacke. The grains are angular to
subrounded, have planar to point grains contacts and composed by quartz, K-feldspar,
plagioclase and rock fragments [include chert, metaquartzite, claystone, granitic type].
Carbonaceous organic material occurs as fine filament, is associated with pyrite and
occurs as faintly laminae form. Detrital clay is distributed as interstitial matrix. Quartz
overgrowths and clay coating are noted. Unstable grains have been replaced by kaolinite,
sericite/illite, siderite and pyrite. These secondary minerals also filling the pore spaces.
Visible porosity is poor.

Claystone [5%]

Massive, with present occasional quartz, K-feldspar and smaller benthic foraminifera.
They set within the abundant clay matrix. Pyrite and carbonaceous organic material is
present in the matrix. Visible porosity is negligible. Secondary porosity has resulted from
dissolution of matrix.

Carbonaceous Organic Material [2%]

Black and is associated with pyrite. Sometimes consists of very fine quartz grains.
 Photomicrographs

Top X25 ║pol

Bottom X100 ║pol
 Depth 2914 - 2916 meter

PLATE 31

Sandstone

Sandstone

Claystone

IP

KF

Qz
Qz

DC
SP SP