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Chlorine Chlorine
Chlorine, Chlorine, Ozone, monoxide, monoxide, Ozone, Chlorine,
Cl Cl O3 ClO ClO O3 Cl
UV
light + +
1 UV light causes the CFC to break 2 The chlorine atom reacts with 3 The chlorine monoxide molecule
down, releasing a chlorine atom. an ozone molecule to create then reacts with another ozone
an oxygen molecule and molecule, creating two molecules
a chlorine monoxide molecule. of oxygen and one chlorine atom.
Table 1 왔
1,000
CFC production
800
Developed countries
600
400
Developing countries
200
0
1986 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996
Year
Source: UN Environment Programme.
SECTION 2 Review
1. Describe the process by which chlorofluorocarbons CRITICAL THINKING
destroy ozone molecules in the stratosphere. 5. Making Decisions If the ozone layer gets signifi-
2. Describe the process by which the ozone hole forms cantly thinner during your lifetime, what changes
over Antarctica in spring. might you need to make in your lifestyle?
3. List five harmful effects that UV radiation could have 6. Analyzing Relationships CFCs were thought to
on plants or animals as a result of ozone thinning. be miracle chemicals when they were first intro-
duced. What kinds of tests could be performed on
4. Explain why it will take years for the ozone layer to any future miracle chemical to make sure serious
recover even though the use of CFCs has declined environmental problems do not result from its use?
significantly. Write a paragraph that explains your
answer. WRITING SKILLS