11. The air around us contains oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Udara di sekeliling kita mengandungi oksigen dan karbon dioksida.

(a) (i) State the similarity between oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Nyatakan persamaan antara oksigen dengan karbon dioksida.

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[1 mark/1 markah]

(ii) State two differences between oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Nyatakan dua perbezaan antara oksigen dengan karbon dioksida.

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[2 mark/2 markah]

(b) The table below shows the differences between inhaled air and exhaled air.
Jadual di bawah nenunjukkan perbezaan kandungan udara sedutan dan udara hembusan

Content /Kandungan Inhaled air /Udara sedutan Exhaled air /Udara hembusan
Oxygen/Oksigen 21 % 16%
Carbon dioxide/Karbon Dioksida 0.03% 4%
Water Vapour/Wap Air Varies/ Berubah-ubah Saturated/Tepu

Explain the above differences.

Terangkan perbezaan di atas.

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[3 mark/3 markah]

(c) (i) Name two pollutants released by motor vehicle engine.

Namakan dua bahan pencemar yang dibebaskan oleh enjin kenderaan bermotor.

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[2 mark/2 markah]
 (ii) Suggest two methods used to reduce the pollutants in 11(c) (i).
Cadangkan dua cara untuk mengurangkan bahan pencemar dalam 11(c) (i).

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[2 mark/2 markah]

12. A man experiences pain when he urinates. After the medical examination, the doctor confirms
that he is suffering from kidney stone.
Seorang leiaki mengalami kesakitan semasa membuang air kencing. Sel doktor mengesahkan dia
menghidap penyakit batu karang.

Diagram 12.1/Rajah 12.1

(a) Diagram 12. 1 shows the location of the stone.

Rajah 12.1 menunjukkan kedudukan batu karang itu.

(i) State the system shown in Diagram 12. 1.

Nyatakan sistem yang ditunjukkan datam Rajah 12. 1.

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[1 mark/1 markah]

(ii) What are the three excretory products of this system?

Apakah tiga bahan perkumuhan bagi sistem ini?

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[2 mark/2 markah]
 (iii) Suggest two ways to prevent the formation of kidney stone.
Cadangkan dua cara untuk mencegah pembentukan batu karang.

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[2 mark/2 markah]

(b) Diagram 12.2 shows the operation of a dialysis machine.

Rajah 12.2 menuniukkan operasi sebuah mesin dialisis.

Diagram 12.2/Rajah 12.2

(i) Explain how the above dialysis machine works.

Terangkan bagaimana mesin dialisis di atas berfungsi.

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[4 mark/4 markah]
 (ii) The dialysis machine is used by a person who suffered from a type of disease. Name the
disease.
Mesin dialisis digunakan oleh seseorang yang menderita sejenis penyakit. Namakan penyakit
tersebut.

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[1 mark/1 markah]

13. Diagram 13. 1 shows a potato that was left for a month.
Rajah 13.1 menunjukkan ubi kentang yang dibiarkan selama sebulan.

Diagram 13.1/ Rajah13.1

(a) (i) What is the method of reproduction carried out by the potato?
Apakah kaedah pembiakan yang dijalankan oleh ubi kentang?

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[1 mark/1 markah]

(ii) State one characteristic of the new plant that grows from the potato.
Nyatakan satu ciri tumbuhan baharu yang tumbuh daripada ubi kentang

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[1 mark/1 markah]

(b) Diagram 13.2 shows the sugarcane section cut by Mr. Chong.
Rajah 13. 2 rnenunjukkan bahagian tebu yang dipotong oleh Encik Chong.

Rajah 13.2/ Rajah 13.2

 Which sugarcane section should be chosen by Mr. Chong to be planted? Explain your answer.
Bahagian tebu yang manakah perlu dipilih oleh Encik Chong untuk ditanam? Jelaskan jawapan
anda.

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[3 mark/3 markah]

(c) Diagram 1 3.3 shows banana tree in Mr Chong's orchard.

Rajah 13.3 menunjukkan pokok pisang di kebun Encik Chong

Rajah 13.3/ Rajah 13.3

Mr. Chong cut down the banana tree after it died due to disease. Then, Mr. Chong took the
banana seedlings and planted it. Justify Mr. Chong's action.
Encik Chong menebang pokok pisang itu selepas ia mati kerana dijangkiti penyakit. Kemudian,
Encik Chong mengambil anak pokok pisang dan menanamnya. Wajarkan tindakan Encik Chong.

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[4 mark/4 markah]

(d) Mr. Chong receives a high quality banana tree from his friend. He wants to multiply the quantity
of the banana tree. Complete the following procedures in sentences to produce banana tissue
culture by using following materials
Encik Chong menerima pokok pisang berkualiti tinggi daripada rakannya. Dia mahu
memperbanyakkan kuantiti pokok pisang itu. Lengkapkan prosedur berikut datam bentuk ayat
untuk menghasilkan kultur tisu pisang dengan menggunakan bahan-bahan berikut:

1. Nutrient medium / Medium bernutrien

2. Banana sucker / Umbi pisang
3. Knife / Pisau
4. Water / Air,

Procedures / Langkah-langkah
1. Prepare the nutrient medium.
Sediakan medium bernutrien.

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[3 mark/3 markah]
14. Andy uses claw hammer to remove rusty nail on a shelf.
Andy menggunakan tukul tuil untuk mencabut paku berkarat pada sebuah rak.

(a) (i) State the class of lever for the claw hammer used by Andy.
Nyatakan kelas tuas bagi tukul tuil yang digunakan oleh Andy.

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[1 mark/1 markah]
(ii) Draw the class of lever stated in 14 (a) (i) in the space provided.
Lukis kelas tuas yang dinyatakan dalam 14 (a( (i) dalam ruang yang disediakan.

[1 mark/1 markah]

(b) Diagram 14. 1 shows Andy trying to remove the rusty nail.
Rajah 14.1 menunjukkan Andy cuba mencabut paku berkarat itu.

Diagram 14.1 / Rajah14.1

At which position, X, Y or Z, Andy should put his hand to remove the rusty nail easily? Explain
your answer.
Pada kedudukan yang manakah, X, Y dan Z, Andy patut meletakkan tangan untuk mencabut paku
berkarat dengan mudah. Jelaskan jawapan anda.
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[3 mark/3 markah]

(c) Andy has several fish ponds. He uses a landing net as in Diagram 14.2 to catch fish that will be
sold.
Andy mempunyai beberapa kolam temakan ikan. Dia menggunakan sauk seperti Rajah 14.2
untuk menangkap ikan yang akan dijual.

Diagram 14.2/ Rajah 14.2

Explain how the landing net facilitates Andy's work.

Terangkan bagaimana sauk rnemudahkan kerja Andy.

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[4 mark/4 markah]
(d) Inside the fish ponds, there are different sizes of fish. Andy wants to grade the fish in size.
Modification to the landing net should be made so that Andy can grade fish into two different
sizes.
Di dalam sebuah kolam ikan, teterdapat ikan yang berbeza saiz. Andy mahu mengggredkan ikan
ikan mengikut saiz.Pengubahsuaian pada sauk perlu dibuat supaya Andy dapat menggredkan
ikan kepada dua saiz berbeza.

Suggest the modification by using the given materials

Cadangkan pengubahsaian tersebut dengan menggunakan bahan-bahan yang diberi
 Large hole net / Jaring lubang besar
 Small hole net / Jaring lubang kecil
 String / Tali

Sketch the modification in the diagram below.

Lakarkan pengubahsuaian pada rajah di bawah.

[1 mark/1 markah]

Explain how it works.

Terangkan bagaimana ia berfungsi

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[2 mark/2 markah]

- KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT -