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all other
HVAC
lights partition
people wall
glass infiltration equipment
solar
glass
conduction
exterior
wall
floor
© American Standard Inc. 2004 Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC018-EN
Introduction to HVAC
Heat Transfer
Refrigeration is the
process of removing
heat from one
substance and
transferring it to
another substance.
warm air
1 lb
water
C
discharge
line
condenser
liquid
line expansion compressor
device B
A
suction
D line
evaporator
© American Standard Inc. 2004 Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC018-EN
HVAC Terminology
▲ Typical values:
➣ 1 cfm/square foot airflow
➣ 400 cfm/ton
➣ 20-cfm per person ventilation air
Refrigeration
supply air
return air
sensible
heat
moisture conditioned
(latent heat) space
MA
80°F
(26.7°C)
cooling
coil
RA
75°F
(23.9°C)
SA
55°F
(12.8°C)
warm, cool,
humid air dry air
drain pan
outdoor-air inlet
VAV
terminal
return-air central
inlet air handler
control
80°F valve
(26.7°C) 57°F
(13.9°C)
evaporator
cooling
coil
55°F 42°F
(12.8°C) (5.6°C)
pump
80°F
(26.7°C) 57°F 50°F 120°F
(13.9°C) (10°C) (48.9°C)
evaporator
condenser
55°F 42°F 38°F 110°F
(12.8°C) (5.6°C) (3.3°C) (43.3°C)
expansion
device
evaporator air-cooled
condenser
expansion
device
80°F
(26.7°C) 57°F 50°F 120°F 100°F
(13.9°C) (10°C) (48.9°C) (37.8°C)
condenser
pump
expansion
device
EA RA
supply SA
OA cooling fan
coil
thermostat
zone
EA RA
supply SA
OA cooling fan
coil
VAV box
thermostat
zone zone
return supply
VAV terminal,
diffusers system-level
controller
cooling tower
VAV terminal,
diffusers
air handler
system-level
controller