Steel Strands

Uncoated 7 wire super strands ASTM A-416 grad

Strands type
270
Strand yield strength fpy = 1580
Strand ultimate strength fpu = 1860
Strands nominal diameter 12.7
Area nominal of one strand Ast = 0.00013
Minimum ultimate load of one strand Pbs = 187.32
Number of strands cable 19
Ideal duct diameter 84
Area of strands 0.00188
Ultimate strength of tendon Pb1 = 3559.08
Modulus elasticity of strands Es = 1.9 x 105
Jacking Type VSL 19

Concrete
Cube Strength of Box Girder Prestress; K 400
Cylinder Strength of Box Girder Prestress; f'c 33.2
Modulus of Elasticity of Prestressed Concrete; Ec 31904.1
Poisson’s Ratio; υ 0.2
Shear Modulus; G 13293.375
Coeffient of Long Expansion Prestress Concrete; ɛ 1*10-5
Initial Compressive Strength (at transfer); fci’ 26.56
rands
Uncoated 7 wire super strands ASTM A-416 grade
270
MPa
MPa
mm
m2
kN (100% UTS or 100% ultimate load)
strands for every tendon
mm
m2
kN (100% UTS or 100% ultimate load)
MPa

rete

MPa
MPa

MPa
C
o

MPa
 Total Distance Static Moment of
Width Height Shape Area
No cross to top moment Inertia
factor
(m) (m) section A (m2) y (m) A*y (m3) A*y2 (m4)
1 5.72 0.37 1 1 2.12 1.315 2.783 3.660
2 5.257 0.3 1 1 1.58 0.15 0.237 0.035
3 0.612 0.83 1 2 1.02 0.72 0.731 0.527
4 2.892 0.25 1 1 0.72 1.38 0.998 1.377
5 2.892 0.12 0.5 1 0.17 1.21 0.210 0.254
6 2.892 0.25 1 1 0.72 1.38 0.998 1.377
7 2.892 0.12 0.5 1 0.17 1.21 0.210 0.254
8 0.061 0.3 0.5 2 0.02 0.2 0.004 0.001
Total 6.52 6.17 7.48

Height of box girder prestress; H 1.5 m

Box girder’s cross section Area; A 6.52 m2
yb 0.944 m
Centroid distance to the outer section;
ya 0.556 m
Moment of inertia towards beam base, Ib 7.587 m4
Moment of inertia towards beam centroid, Ix 1.776 m4
Top moment resistance, Wa 3.19 m3
Bottom moment resistance, Wb 1.88 m3
Unit weight of prestress concrete, wc 25.5 kN/m3
Self-weight of box girder prestress, Qbs 166.25 kN/m
Span length of box girder L 30 m
Momen of
Inertia
Io (m4)
0.0241
0.0118
0.0583
0.0038
0.0002
0.0038
0.0002
0.0001
0.102
 Dead Load
No Type of construction self weight Weight
1 Box girder prestress 166.2515 kN/m
2 Diapghragm 5.1 kN/m
3 Sidewalks and Handrails 36.46 kN/m
4 Median 0 kN/m
Dead Load total, QDC = 207.81 kN/m

Additional Dead Load

Width Thickness Area Unit weight
No Load Type
b (m) h (m) A (m2) w (kN/m3)
1 Asphalt + overlay 7.5 0.1 0.75 22
2 Rainwater 7.5 0.05 0.375 9.8
3 Power pole
Total QDW =
 "D" Lane Load

Unifromly Distributed Load (UDL)

Deck width B 7.5 m

Intensitiy of UDL q 9 kPa
Width of traffic load is taken B’ 5.5 m
UDL on box girder QTD 58.5 kN/m

Weight Line Load (KEL)

QDW (kN/m) Intensity of KEL ρ 49 kN/m
16.5 Dynamic Load Factor DLA 0.4
3.68 Line Load (KEL) PTD 445.9 kN
0.1
20.28

Braking force
Braking can be taken as 5% of line load “D” without dynamic factor
Bridge total length, Lt
Braking force, TBR
Traffic width, B
Line load “D” without dynamic load factor, q
ρ
5% TD
Therefore the braking force (TTB) value taken
Span Total,
Braking force per support
Length of loading to the centroid of box girder, y
Momen load due to the braking force per support M
60 m
250 kN
7.5 m
9 kN/m
49 kN
257.625 kN
257.625 kN
2
257.625 kN
2.46 m
632.73 kN/m
Concrete Strength K
Concrete compressive strength f’c
Concrete compressive strength at initial stage (at transfer), fci’
Section Properties of box girder’s cross section Wt
Wb
A
Distance from centroid of box girder to the top of box girder, yt
Distance from centroid of box girder to the base of box girder, yb
Distance from the tendon centroid to the base of box girder, zo
Tendon eccentricity, es
Inertia moment, Ix

Moment Maximum Dead Load Mdl

Moment Maximum Total Mtot
Prestressing Force Pdesign = -(M.y)/(I x (1/A ± es.y/I))

Uncoated 7 wire
Strands type superstrands ASTM A-416
grade 270
Strands nominal diameter 12.7 mm (½”)
Ares of strand 130 mm2
Ultimate strength Pult kN/strand (100%
187.32
UTS)
kN/strand
Transfer force Ptr 141.36
(75%UTS)
Peff = 0.7 x Ptr (losses ± 30 %) 98.95 kN/strand

Total of strands, ns1

Total of initial force, Pinitial
Total of tendon needed
Tendon installed nt
Total of strands, ns
Installed force, Pt
Load per strand Pbs1
Jacking force percentage (%)
Prestressing force due to jacking, Pj
Then Peff
 400
33.2 MPa
26.56 MPa
3.19 m3
1.88 m3
6.52 m2
0.556 m
0.944 m
0.3 m
0.644 m
1.776 m4

23229 kNm
35068 kNm
53861 kN

19 strands
2685.84 kN
20.1 tendons
24 tendons
456 strands
64460 kN initial force
141.36 kN
83.56%
53861 kN
45122 kN (after losses ± 30%)
Anchorage Friction

Pj 53861.13 kN
Po 52245.3 kN

Cable Friction

Total tendon tracking angle from edge

to middle : α 0.00148
Friction Coefficient μ 0.2
Wobble Coefficient K 0.0002
Natural Number e 2.7183
Loss of prestress due to cable friction, Px 50789.61 kN For Lx = 15 m
Px 49385.87 kN For Lx = 30 m

Tendon eccentricity, es 0.644 m

Box girder moment ofIx 0.644 m
Area of box girder, A 0.644 m2
Box girder m Ec =
Strand modul Es =
Total of strands ns 0.644 =
Area of strand Ast = 0.0001 m
Strand ultimate strength Pult 187.32 kN
Moment of box girderM0.644
dlself-weight
= kNm
Area of tendon, At = ns x Ast 0.644 =
Modulus ratio, n = Es / Ec 0.644 =
(Ix/A)
Inertia radius of box girder
0.644 section,
= I = m2
Ke = At / A x (1 +es2 / i2=) 0.023229
Stress of strands before loss of prestress (in middle span):
σpi = ns x Pult / At = 202436.71 kPa
Loss of stress in steel from elastic strain with the effect of self weight:
Δσpe’ Err:509 = 179161 kPa
Concrete stress on steel level from effect of prestressing force Pt :
σbt Err:501 = 20740 kPa
Loss of stress in steel from elastic strain without the effect of self we
Δσpe = ½ x n x σbt = 62738.98 kPa
Loss of Prestress due to elastic shortening
ΔPe = Δσpe x At = 3720.422 kN
 m

m2

0.0001 m2
187.32 kN

m2

202436.71 kPa
of self weight:

out the effect of self weight:

62738.98 kPa
3720.422 kN