Concentration of Tartrazine of the Top 3 Leading Brands of Energy Drinks Consumed By

the High School Student Athlete of FSUU

Dexter Polo, Joseph Navarro, Erikka Mae Janozo, Kristine Acasio, Lars Sepe
Father Saturnino Urios University - Morelos Campus, Butuan City, Philippines
Corresponding authors’ emails: josephdaniel5619@gmail.com, dexterpolo76@gmail.com,
erikkajanozo2@gmail.com, kristyyyn802@gmail.com, larscsepe1@gmail.com

Chapter One

Introduction

Energy drinks (sometimes referred to as “stimulant drinks”) are caffeinated soft drinks
that claim to boost performance and endurance. (Richards G., Smith A.P., 2016.).
Energy drinks combined with alcohol are also gaining popularity in young adults, which
poses significant concerns about health risks. (Dutchan, 2010). It is a widely used group
of beverages known for their stimulant effects on central nervous system. The main
components of ED are caffeine, taurine, carbohydrates, glucuronolactone, inositol,
niacin, pantenol and B-Complex Vitamins. (Alessandro Oteri, F.S 2007).

Studies reviewed show that energy drink consumption is generally low, but the monitory
who drink the most may be consuming at unsafe levels. They boost energy and
alertness in some conditions, but may have adverse hemodynamic effects. (Striley CW.,
et al. 2014). Considering the idea that energy drink use may cause behavioral problems
and negatively impact on mental health and well-being, it is concerning to find that the
products are often aggressively marketed at young people. (Richards, 2016). Examining
this phenomenon, a review of the negative effect of AmED found that consuming
alcohol mixed with energy drinks was more dangerous than consuming alcohol alone
because of the stimulant effects of caffeine contained in energy drinks. (Striley & Khan,
2014). In 2008, the National Federation of State High School Associations, while
recommending water and sports drinks for rehydration, specifically did not recommend
energy drinks and cited potential risks, the absence of benefit and drug interaction. (AA
Alsunni, 2015). With the rising consumption of so-called energy drinks over the last few
years, there has been a growing body of literature describing significant adverse health
events after the ingestion of there beverages. (Fahad Ali, H.R.-D. 2015).

The primary ingredient of energy drink is the drug caffeine. In 2004, caffeine was
removed from the restricted substances list of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)
but remains on WADA’s monitoring program (Desbrow & Leveritt, 2007). But at high
levels of consumption, many negative effects can materialize. In comparison to hot
coffee, which is normally drank slowly; energy drinks may taste good,are cold and can
be consumed quickly (Fornicola, 2007). Caffeine is probably the most frequently
ingested pharmacologically active substance in the world. It is found in beverages
(coffee, tea, soft drinks) Because of its wide consumption at different levels by most
segments of the population, the public and the scientific community have expressed
interest in the potential for caffeine to produce adverse effects on human health. ( S.
Jordan, J.E. (2002).
Tartrazine and cormoisine are organic azo dyes widely used in food products, drugs
and cosmetics. (Amin, Hameid., et al., 2010). Many foods contain tartrazine in varying
proportions, although nowadays the trend is to avoid or to substitute a non-synthetic
dyestuff, such as annatto, malt color, or carotene. (N.H. Choulis, 2010). Tartrazine
maintains its colour even in acidic conditions and at higher temperature. Intact tartazine
is absorbed in small amounts only and predominantly excreted unchanged via the
kidney. (J. Konig, 2015).

Introduced to it, this research is successful in testing the said energy drinks that had
different presence of concentration of tartrazine. Additionally, the study would be
beneficial to the students, teachers, government agencies like Food and Drug
Administration, Department of Health and also for the future researchers.
This study will be conducted to determine the presence of concentration of
tartrazine found in energy drinks. In this context, the findings of this study will cope the
concentration of tartrazine of top 3 leading brand of energy drinks. This study will aim to
answer the following questions:
1. What is the concentration of tartrazine found in the top 3 leading brands of
energy drinks consumed by High School Student Athlete of FSUU?
2. Is there a significant difference among the tartrazine concentrations in the top
3 leading brands of energy drinks?
3. Do the concentrations of tartrazine in top 3 leading brands of energy drinks
conform to the standards set by the FDA and JEFCA?
Materials and Methods

Collection of Energy Drinks

The energy drink samples will be randomly collected within the area of Butuan City,
Agusan Del Norte. There will be three energy drinks which is the gatorade, cobra and
sting to be prepared which will indicate to determine if there is significant difference
among these three (3) top leading brands. The researchers will credit the three brands
in which will be purchase on the selected store in Butuan City. Each energy drinks
samples will have different volumes. The samples will be taken to MSU-IIT to test the
concentration.
Preparation of Samples
The tartrazine of top three energy drinks will be find in the collected bottles, after that
they will remove or take the samples in a small bottle for the test and will transport it or
bring it to the testing center or laboratory which will be in Iligan City.
Data Analysis
There are three (3) energy drinks in total. Every three (3) energy drink samples
will be tested twice. When the energy drink test will be done, the researchers will
examine if what concentration of tartrazine will be found and compare each given
samples whether it passed the standard count set by the Department of Science and
Technology Regional Testing Center. It would also be compared to the National
Standard Coliform Count set by Food and Drug Administration
Statistical Analysis
The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) is use to determine whether there
are any statistically significant differences between the means of two or more
independent groups. This compares the mean concentration of tartrazine in the top 3
leading brands of energy drinks
References

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