Alternating Current (Ex.) Com.,Dropper Medical PDF

ALTERNATING CURRENT 1
PHYSICS STUDY MATERIAL
ALTERNATING CURRENT
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SOLVED EXAMPLE
Ex.1 The instantaneous emf in an ac circuit is Ex.4 A long solenoid connected to a 12V dc source
given by E = 50 sin (314 t) volts, where t is in passes a steady current of 2A. When the
seconds. In how much time the emf will solenoid is connected to a source of 12V rms
become 25 volts, starting from zero, at 50 Hz, the current flowing is 1A rms. Then
1 1 the inductance of the solenoid–
(A) s (B) s (A) 11 mH (B) 22 mH
50 200
1 1 (C) 33 mH (D) none of the above.
(C) s (D) s Sol (C)
314 600 From the first data, resistance of the solenoid
Sol (D) is R = 12/2 = 6 ohm. From the second data,
For instataneous emf to be 25 V, we must the impedance of the solenoid is
have 12 Z
25 = 50 sin (314 t) Z= = 12.
1  1A
or = sin (314 t) or = 314 t
2 6 Since Z= R 2  (  L) 2
 1 or Z2 = R2 + (L)2, we have
or t= = s.
6  314 600 122 = 62 + (2 × 50 L)2
Ex.2 The phase difference between current and or 100 L = 122  62 = 108
voltage in an AC circuit is /4 radian. If the = 10.4
frequency of AC is 50 Hz, then the phase 10.4
difference is equivalent to the time L= = 0.033 henry.
314
difference–
(A) 0.78s (B) 15.7 ms Ex.5 A 110V, 60W lamp is run from a 220V ac
(C) .25s (D) 2.5 ms mains using a capacitor in series with the
Sol (D) lamp, instead of a resistor, then the voltage
The time difference equivalent to phase across the capacitor is about–
difference is given by (A) 110V (B) 190V
 t (C) 220V (D) 311V
= Sol (B)
2 T
 T  1 1  V0 = VR2  VC2 , thus V2C = V20 – V2R
Thus, t =     = × ×
 2  50 2 4 = 2202 – 1102 = 1102 (4 – 1)
1 or VC = 110 3 = 190 volt
= = 2.5 × 10–3 sec.
400
Ex.6 A 100 volt a.c. source of frequency 500 hertz
Ex.3 The number of poles in an AC generator is is connected to a L–C–R circuit with L = 8.1
10, and the coil is rotating at the rate of 600 millihenry, C = 12.5 microfarad and R = 10
revolutions per minute. Then, the frequency ohm, all connected in series. The potential
of AC current produced by the generator is difference across the resistance will be –
(in hertz) (A) 10V (B) 100V
(A) 10 (B) 50 (C) 50V (D) 500V
(C) 1000 (D) 600 Sol (B)
Sol (B) Inductive reactance in the circuit is
The frequency of the ac is = number of XL = L = 2fL
rotations of the coil per second x number of
= 2 × 3.14 × (500) × (8.1 × 10–3) = 25.4 ohm.
pairs of pole
Capacitive reactance in the circuit is
600
= × 5 = 50. 1 1 1
60 X C= = =
C 2 f C 2  3.14  500  (12.5  10 6 )
(10 poles means 5 pairs of poles (N–S).
= 25.4 ohm.
Since XL = XC, the impedance is Ex.10 A 2.5/ F capacitor and a 3000–ohm

resistance are joined in series to an a.c. source
Z= [ R 2  (X L  XC ) 2 ] = R = 10 ohm. of 200 volt and 50 sec–1 frequency. The
E rms 100 volt power factor of the circuit and the power
 irms = = = 10 amp.
Z 10 ohm dissipated in it will respectively be–
Hence, the p.d. across the resistance is (A) 0.6, 0.06W (B) 0.06, 0.6W
irms × R = 10 amp × 10 ohm = 100 volt. (C) 0.6, 4.8W (D) 4.8, 0.6W.
Sol (C)
Ex.7 An ac circuit draws 5A at 160V and the The capacitive reactance is
power consumption is 600W. Then the power 1 1
XC = =
factor is– C 2 f C
(A) 1 (B) 0.75 1
(C) 0.50 (D) zero = = 4000 ohm.
Sol (B)  25 6 
2  50    10 
Power factor   
Re al power The impedance of the circuit is
cos  =
Vrms I rms Z = (R 2  XC2 ) = [(3000) 2  ( 4000) 2 ]
600 = 500 ohm.
or cos = = 0.75
5  160 R 3000
Power factor, cos  = = = 0.6
Ex.8 A step down transformer operates on a 2.5 Z 5000
KV line and supplies a load with 80A. The Power dissipation, p = Vrms × irms × cos .
ratio of the primary winding to the secondary Vrms
= Vrms × × cos .
winding is 20 : 1. Assuming 100 percent Z
efficiency, the output power is – 2000
(A) 200 KW (B) 100 KW = 200 × × 0.6 = 4.8 watt.
(C) 10 KW (D) none of the above. 5000
Sol (C) Ex. 11 A circuit drawn a power of 550 watt from a
Pout = VsIs source of 220 volt, 50 hertz. The power factor
NS 1 of the circuit is 0.8 and the current lags in
Now Vs = × Vp = × 2500 = 125 V phase behind the potential difference. To
NP 20
make the power factor of circuit as 1.0, the
Thus Pout = 125 × 80 = 10 KW. capacitance required to be connected with it,
(It is assumed that the load is resistive, so that will be –
the power factor is unity). (A) 70.4 F (B) 75 F
Ex.9 An ac source of emf E = 200 sin (100 t) is (C) 7.5 F (D) 750 F
connected to a choke coil of inductance 1 Sol (B)
henry and resistance 100 . The average Initially, the current lags behind the potential
power consumed is – difference. Hence the circuit contains
(A) 0 (B) 200W resistance and inductance. The power of the
(C) 141W (D) none of the above. circuit is –
Sol (D) P = Vrms × irms × cos .
The reactance XL = L = 100 x 1 Vrms
But irms =
Z
This impedance is Z = R 2  X 2L = 100 2
E 200 where Z = [ R 2  (L) 2 ] is the impedance
The current (peak), I0 = 0 = = 2A of the circuit.
Z 100 2
Vrms
EI R  P = Vrms × × cos .
Thus, P = Erms cos = 0 0  Z
2 Z
( Vrms ) 2  cos  ( 220) 2  0.8
200 2 100 or Z = =
= × = 100W P 550
2 100 2 = 70.4 ohm.
R = (3) 2  (90  111.11) 2

Power factor, cos  =
Z = 21.32 ohm.
 R = Z cos = 70.4 × 0.8 = 56.32 ohm.
 current amplitude is
Now Z2 = R2 + (L)2 E 15
(L)2 = Z2 – R2 = (70.4)2 – (56.4)2 = 1784 i0 = 0 = = 0.704 ampere.
Z 21.32
L = 42.2 ohm.
The impedance of the circuit after inserting 1
Average power dissipated is P = E i cos .
the capacitance is given by 2 00
2 R 3
 2  1   Here cos = = = 0.141. 
Z=  R   L    Z 21.32
  C   1
 P= × 15 × 0.704 × 0.141 = 0.744 watt.
R 2
Now, the power factor is given by cos  =
Z Ex. 13 A 750–hertz, 20–volt source is connected to a
R resistance of 100 ohm, an inductance of
=
 2  2 0.1803 henry and a capacitance of 10
1   microfarad all in series. The time in which the
 R   L   
  C   resistance (thermal capacity = 2 joule/ºC) will
Clearly, for making power factor = 1.0, it get heated by 10ºC will be–
2
1 1  1  2
must be that L = or C = Z   L   R
C (L )   C 
But = 2f = 2 × 3.14 × 50 = 314  1
L 
1 C
 C = = 75 × 10–6 farad
314  42.2 
= 75 micro farad. R
(A) 20 s (B) 200 s
Ex. 12 An L–C–R circuit has L = 10 mH. R = 3 ohm (C) 348 s (D) 448 s
and C = 1F connected in series to a source Sol (C)
of 15 cos t volt. The current–amplitude and Inductive reactance in the circuit is 
the average power dissipated per cycle at a  L = 2 × 3.14 × 750 × 0.1803 = 850 ohm.
frequency 10% lower than the resonant Capacitive reactance
frequency will respectively be– 1 1
(Roorkee Engg.–88) = = 21.2 ohm.
(A) 0.704A, 0.744W (B) 0.704A, 0.704W C 2  3.14  750  (10  10 6 )
(C) 7.04A, 7.44W (D) 70.4A, 74.4W Impedance of the circuit,
1/ 2
Sol (A)  2  2
1  
1 Z =  R   L   
Resonant frequency, R =   C  
( LC)
1 = [(100)2 + (850 – 21.2)2]1/2 = 835 ohm.
= = 104 per sec. Power dissipated,
3 6
(10  10 H )  (1  10 F) P = Vrms Irms cos 
The frequency 10% lower than this is  Vrms R
10 = Vrms × ×
  = 104 – 104 × = 9 × 103 per sec. Z Z
100 20 100
At this frequency, we have = 20 × ×
835 835
XL = L = 9 × 103 × (10 × 10–3) = 90 ohm. = 0.0574 watt.
1 1 Heat produced in the resistance
and XC = =
C 9  10  (1 106 )
3 = 2 joule/ºC × 10ºC = 20 joule.
= 111.11 ohm. Let this heat be prodced in t sec. Then
impedance, Pt = 20 joule
20 joule
Z= R 2  (X L  X C ) 2 or t = = 348 second.
0.0574 watt
Ex.14 Mr. C.P. Nawani wants to calculate the

current and poweer dissipated in an LCR 1 1
series circuit . He connected 100 resistance Sol (D)  r = , r' =
LC LC
to an AC source of peak value 200 V and
1 1
angular frequency 300 radian/sec. When he For  r =r' = =
removed only the capacitance, the current LC L(4C)
was found to be lagging behind the voltage by or LC = L' (4C) or L' = L/4
60º. while on removing the inductance he Ex. 17 A coil self–inductance 0.16 henry is
found, the current leading the voltage by 60º. connected to a condenser of capacity 0.81 F.
The value of peak current and the power The frequency of A.C. that should be applied
dissipated obtained by him will be– so that there is a resonance in the circuit (The
(A) 2A, 200W resistance of the circuit is negligible) should
(B) 4A, 100W be–
(C) 3A, 120W (A) 50 c/s (B) 60 c/s
(C) 442 c/s (D) 342 c/s
(D) Nothing can be said. Sol (C)
Sol (A) Suppose the frequency in the alternating
L 1 / C circuit is f. If the inductive reactance ( L) is
tan 60º = , tan 60º = . 
R R equal to the capacitive reactance (1/C) in the
1 circuit, then there is resonance in the circuit.
  L = . Thus.
C 1 1
 impedance of the circuit, L = or 2fL =
1/ 2 C 2 f C
 2
 1  
Z =  R 2   L    = R. 1  1 
 C   or f=  
 2  LC 
Current in the circuit,
V V 200 Here L = 0.16 henry and C = 0.81 F
i0 = 0 = 0 = = 2 ampere.
Z R 100 = 0.81 × 10–6 farad.
1  
Average power, p = V0 i0 cos . 1 1
2 f =  
 6 
2  3.14  0.16  (0.81 10 
1
L  = 442 cycles/second.
But tan = C = 0, cos = 1. 
R Ex. 18 In an oscillatory circuit the value of self–
inductance of the connected coil is 10 milli–
1 henry. If the oscillatory frequency of the
  p = × 200 × 2 × 1 = 200 watt.
2 circuit is 1.0 megacycle/second then the
capacity of the condenser connected in the
Ex. 15 In an alternating circuit connected to an emf circuit will be–
of 100 volt and frequency 50 hertz, a (A) 2.5 pF (B) 2.5 F
resistance of 10 ohm and an inductance of (C) 0.25 pF (D) 0.25 F
1/(10) henry are connected in series. Find Sol (A)
out the power dissipated in the circuit. If C be the capacity of the condenser
Sol Power dissipated P = Vrms × irms × cos connected in the circuit and L the self–
V R inductance of the coil, then the resonant
= Vrms × rms  frequency of the circuit is given by
Z Z
2 2 1  1  1
Vrms R Vrms R f=   or C=
= = . 2  LC  L  ( 2 f ) 2
Z 2
R  (L) 2
2
Here L = 10 millihenry = 10 × 10–3 henry,
(putting the values) P = 500 watt. f = 1.0 megacycle/second
Ex. 16 In an LCR circuit, the capacitance is changed = 1.0 × 106 cycle/second.
from C to 4C. For the same resonant 1
C=
frequency, the inductance should be changed (10  10 )  ( 2  3.14  1.0  106 ) 2
3
from L to–
= 2.5 × 10–12 farad
(A) 2L (B) 4L (C) L/2 (D) L/4
= 2.5 micro–micro farad (F).
LEVEL-1
Questions Q.8 If the value of Erms is 5 volt, then the

based on
Alternating signal
amplitude of emf in volt is -
Q.1 An alternating current changes from a 1
complete cycle in 1s, then the frequency in (A) 1 (B)
5
Hz will be -
(A) 10–6 (B) 50 (C) 5 (D) 5 2
(C) 100 (D) 106
Q.9 A mixer of 1000 resistance is connected to
an A.C. source of 200V and 50 cycle/sec.
Q.2 An alternating voltage source is connected, in
the value of average potential difference
an A.C. circuit whose maximum value is
across the mixer will be -
170 volt. The value of potential at a phase
angle of 45º will be - (A) 308 V (B) 264 V
(A) 120.56 Volt (B) 110.12 Volt (C) 220 V (D) 0
(C) 240 Volt (D) Zero Q.10 If instantaneous value of current is
Q.3 In an ac circuit, the current is given by  = 10 sin (314 t) A,
i = 4 sin (100t + 30º) ampere. The current then the average current for the half cycle will
becomes maximum first time (after t = 0) at t be -
equal to - (A) 10 A (B) 7.07 A
(A) (1/200) sec (B) (1/300) sec (C) 6.37 A (D) 3.53 A
(C) (1/50) sec (D) None of the above
Q.11 The r.m.s. value of alternating current is
Q.4 The instantaneous value of current in an ac 10 amp having frequency of 50 Hz. The time
circuit is  = 2 sin (100t + /3) A. The taken by the current to increase from zero to
current at the beginning (t = 0) will be - maximum and the maximum value of current
will be -
(A) 2 3 A (B) 3A
(A) 2 × 10–2 sec. and 14.14 amp
3 (B) 1 × 10–2 sec. and 7.07 amp
(C) A (D) Zero
2 (C) 5 × 10–3 sec. and 7.07 amp

Q.5 In A.C. circuit the average value per cycle of (D) 5 × 10–3 sec. and 14.14 amp
e.m.f. or current is -
Q.12 n a circuit an a.c. current and a d. c. current
(A) peak value / 2 (B) 0 are supplied together. The expression of the
(C) peak value (D) None of the above instantaneous current is given as
i = 3 + 6 sin t
Q.6 Ratio of rms & average value of alternating Then the rms value of the current is -
signal (form factor) - (A) 3 (B) 6
(A)  2 (B) 2 2  (C) 3 2 (D) 3 3
 
(C) (D) Q.13 The emf and the current in a circuit are
2 2 2
E = 12 sin (100t) ;
Q.7 The r.m.s. value of potential due to = 4 sin (100t + / 3) then -
superposition of given two alternating (A) The current leads the emf by 60º
potentials E1 = E0 sin t and E2 = E0 cos t (B) The current lags the emf by 60º
will be - (C) The emf leads the current by 60º
(A) E0 (B) 2E0 (D) The phase difference between the current
(C) E0 2 (D) 0 and the emf is zero
Q.14 The direction of alternating current get Q.23 The domestic power supply is at 220 volt.
changed in one cycle - The amplitude of emf will be -
(A) two times (B) one time (A) 220 V (B) 110 V
(C) 50 times (D) 60 times (C) 311 V (D) None of this
Q.15 If the frequency of alternating potential is Q.24 The phase difference between the current and
50Hz then the direction of potential, changes the electromotive force in an ac circuit is /4
in one second by - radian. If the frequency is 50 Hz, then the
(A) 50 times (B) 100 times time difference corresponding to this phase
(C) 200 times (D) 500 times difference, will be -
(A) 0.25 s (B) 0.02 s
Q.16 The time period of of alternating current with (C) 2.5 ms (D) 25 ms
frequency of one KHz one second will be - Q.25 In A.C. circuit the ratio of virtual current and
(A) 0.10 (B) 0.01 the r.m.s. current is –
(C) 1 × 10 –3 (D) 1 × 10–2 (A) 0 (B) 0.5
Q.17 The value of alternating e.m.f. is (C) 1 (D) 2
e = 500 sin 100t , then the frequency of this
potential in Hz is - Q.26 If the r.m.s. value of A.C. is Irms then peak to
(A) 25 (B) 50 peak value is -
(C) 75 (D) 100
(A) 2 Irms/2 (B) Irms/ 2
Q.18 The frequency of an alternating current is (C) 2 2 Irms (D) 2 Irms
50Hz, then the time to complete one cycle for
current vector will be-
(A) 20 ms (B) 50 ms Q.27 The average value or alternating current for
half cycle in terms of I0 is -
(C) 100 ms (D) 1 s
2I 0 I0
Q.19 In the above question, time taken by current (A) (B)
 
to rise from zero to maximum is -
I0
1 1 (C) (D) 0
(A) sec (B) sec 2
200 100
1 1 Q.28 Sinusoidal peak potential is 200 volt with
(C) sec (D)
sec frequency 50Hz. It is represented by the
50 400
equation -
Q.20 In the equation for A.C.  = 0 sin t, the
(A) E = 200 sin 50t
current amplitude and frequency will
respectively be - (B) E = 200 sin 314t
 I0  (C) E = 200 2 sin 50t
(A) 0 , (B) ,
2 2 2 (D) E =200 2 sin 314t

(C) rms, (D) 0, 
2 Q.29 If the instantaneous value of currents is
Q.21 The sinusoidal voltage wave changes from 0 I = 100 sin 314t Amp. then the average of
to maximum value of 100 volt. The voltage current in Ampere for half cycle is -
when the phase angle is 30º will be - (A) 100 (B) 70.7
(A) 70.7 volt (B) 50 volt (C) 63.7 (D) 35.3
(C) 109 volt (D) – 100 volt
Q.22 If the frequency of ac is 60 Hz the time Q.30 The equation of current in an ac circuit is 
difference corresponding to a phase  = 4 sin (100t + /6) ampere. The current at
difference of 60º is - the beginning (t = 0) will be -
(A) 60 s (B) 1 s (A) 1 A (B) 2 A
(C) 1/60 s (D) 1/360 s (C) 3 A (D) 4 A
Q.31 RMS value of ac i = i1 cos t + i2 sin t will (A) 190 (B) 70

be- (C) 50 (D) 40
1 1
(A) (i1 + i2) (B) (i1 + i2)2
2 2 Q.37 n an L.C.R series circuit R = 1,
XL = 1000and XC = 1000. A source of
1 1 2
(C) (i12 + i22)1/2 (D) (i1 + i22)1/2 100 m.volt is connected in the circuit the
2 2
current in the circuit is -
Q.32 The phase difference between the alternating
current and voltage represented by the (A) 100 mAmp (B) 1 Amp
following equation  = 0 sin t, E = E0 cos (C) 0.1 Amp (D) 10 Amp
(t +  / 3), will be -
 4
Q.38 Which of the following figure showing the
(A) (B) phase relationship is correct phase diagram
3 3
for an R–C circuit-
 5
(C) (D) I
2 6
V
Questions
(A) (B)
based on
A.C. Circuits V I
V I
Q.33 The inductance of a resistance less coil is (C) (D)
0.5 Henry. In the coil the value of A.C. is V
I
0.2 Amp whose frequency is 50Hz. The 
reactance of circuit is - Q.39 A coil of inductance 0.1 H is connected to an
(A) 15.7  (B) 157 alternating voltage generator of voltage
(C) 1.57 (D) 757 E = 100 sin (100t) volt. The current flowing
through the coil will be –
Q.34 The inductive reactance of a coil is 1000. If (A)  = 10 2 sin (100t) A
its self inductance and frequency both are
increased two times then inductive reactance (B)  = 10 2 cos (100t) A
will be - (C)  = – 10 sin (100t) A
(A) 1000  (B) 2000  (D)  = – 10 cos (100t) A
(C) 4000  (D) 16000 

Q.35 n an L-C-R series circuit R = 10, Q.40 The vector diagram of the current and voltage
XL = 8and XC = 6the total impedance of in a given circuit is shown in the figure. The
the circuit is - components of the circuit will be -
(A) 10.2  (B) 17.2  E=200 volts
45º
(C) 10  (D) None of the above
Q.36 n the given figure, the potential difference is

shown on R, L and C. The e.m.f. of source in I=2A
volt is -
30V 60V 100V (A) L–C–R (B) L–R
C (C) L–C–R or L–R (D) C–R
R L
~ e
Q.41 Figure shows the variation of voltage with

time for an ac  = 0 sin t flowing through a Q.46 The reactance of a capacitor is X1 for
circuit - frequency n1 and X2 for frequency n2 then
X1 : X2 is -
Q
(A) 1 : 1 (B) n1 : n2
(C) n2 : n1 (D) n12 : n22
t
Q.47 A coil has reactance of 100 when frequency
P is 50Hz. If the frequency becomes 150Hz,
then the reactance will be -
(A) Curve P is for R–L and Q for R–C circuit (A) 100 (B) 300
(B) Curve P is for R–C and Q for R–L circuit (C) 450 (D) 600
(C) Both are for R–C circuit Q.48 n pure inductive circuit, the curves between
(D) Both are for R–L circuit frequency f and inductive reactance 1/X L is -
Q.42 The power factor of the following circuit will

1 1
be-
XL XL
XC=40 (A) (B)
f f
200V
~ R=40
50Hz
1 1
XL=100 XL XL
r = 40 (C) (D)
(A) 0.2 (B) 0.4 (C) 0.6 (D) 0.8 f f
Q.43 In a circuit, the reactance of a coil is 20. If Q.49 n pure capacitive circuit if the frequency of
the inductance of the coil is 50 mH then A.C. is doubled, then the value of capacitive
angular frequency of the current will be - reactance will become -
(A) 400 rad/sec (A) Two times (B) 1/2 times
(B) 1 rad/sec (C) No change (D) 1/4 times
(C) 2.5 rad/sec
(D) 0.2 rad/sec Q.50 n an A.C. circuit, a capacitor of 1F value is
connected to a source of frequency
1000 rad/sec. The value of capacitive
Q.44 If a capacitor is connected to two different
reactance will be -
A.C. generators then the value of capacitive
reactance is - (A) 10  (B) 100
(A) directly proportional to frequency (C) 1000  (D) 10,000

(B) inversely proportional to frequency
Q.51 n an A.C. circuit capacitance of 5F has a
(C) independent of frequency 1
(D) inversely proportional to the square of reactance as . The frequency of A.C.
1000
frequency in MHz will be -
Q.45 Alternating current lead the applied e.m.f. by (A) 1000/ (B) 100/ 
/2 when the circuit consists of –  (C) 200 (D) 5000
(A) only resistance Q.52 n an A.C. circuit XL = 300, XC = 200and
(B) only capacitor R = 100the impedance of circuit is -
(C) only an inductance coil (A) 600  (B) 200 
(D) capacitor and resistance both (C) 141  (D) None of the above
Q.53 A resistance of 50, an inductance of

Q.59 The percentage increase in the impedance of
20/Henry and a capacitor of 5/F are
an ac circuit, when its power factor changes
connected in series with an A.C. source of
form 0.866 to 0.5 is (Resistance constant) -
230 volt and 50 Hz. The impedance of circuit is-
(A) 73.2% (B) 86.6%
(A) 5  (B) 50 
(C) 90.8% (D) 66.6%
 (C) 5K  (D) 500
Q.60 The impedance of the given circuit will be -
Q.54 n an L–C–R series circuit R = 5 , 150
XL = 9and XC = 7. If applied voltage in
~
the circuit is 50 volt then impedance of the
circuit in ohm then impedance of the circuit
in ohm will be -
200
(A) 2 (B) 3
(A) 50 ohm (B) 150 ohm
(C) 2 5   (D) 3 5 (C) 200 ohm (D) 250 ohm
Q.55 The potential difference between the ends of
a resistance R is VR between the ends of Q.61 The impedance of the given circuit will be -
capacitor is VC = 2VR and between the ends 150 1µF
of inductance is VL = 3VR, then the
alternating potential of the source in terms of
VR will be -
(A) 2 VR (B) VR + –
(C) VR/ 2 (D) 5VR (A) Zero (B) Infinite

(C) 55 ohm (D) 2500 ohm
Q.56 n an A.C. circuit the impedance is
Z = 10030º, then the resistance of the
Q.62 If E0 = 200 volt, R = 25 ohm, L = 0.1 H and
circuit in ohm will be -
C = 10–5 F and the frequency is variable, then
(A) 50 (B) 100
the current at f = 0 and f =  will be
(C) 50 3 (D) 100 3 respectively -
Q.57 n an LCR circuit, the voltages across the R L C

components are VL, VC and VR respectively.
The voltage of source will be -
(A) [VR + VL + VC] ~
E
(B) [ VR2 + VL2 + VC2 ]1/2
(A) 0 A, 8 A (B) 8 A, 0 A
(C) [ VR2 + (VL + VC)2]1/2 (C) 8 A, 8 A (D) 0 A, 0 A
(D) [ VR2 + (VL – VC)2]1/2 Q.63 The impedance of the circuit given will be -
Q.58 n an electric circuit the applied alternating
emf is given by E = 100 sin (314 t) volt, and 100 10µF
current flowing = sin (314t + /3). Then the
impedance of the circuit is (in ohm) -
+ –
(A) 100 / 2
(B) 100 E
(A) Zero (B) Infinite
(C) 100 2
(C) 110 ohm (D) 90 ohm
(D) None of the above
Q.64 A coil of resistance R and inductance L is Q.69 n a series resonant L–C–R circuit, if L is
connected to a cell of emf E volt. The current increased by 25% and C is decreased by 20%,
flowing through the coil will be - then the resonant frequency will -
(A) E/R (B) E/L (A) Increase by 10%
E EL (B) Decrease by 10%
(C) (D) (C) Remain unchanged
2
L R 2
L  R2
2
(D) Increase by 2.5%
Q.65 n a certain circuit E = 200 cos (314t) and Q.70 If R = 100  then the value of X and  in the
= sin (314t + /4). Their vector given circuit will be -
representation is - L C R
 E
(A)
I I 300V 300V XV
I A
50Hz
~
(B) 220Hz
 (A) 800 V, 2A (B) 300 V, 2A
E
(C) 220 V, 2.2A (D) 100 V, 2A
3 E
Q.71 n question (70) the value of inductance will
(C) be-
I (A) 0.12 H (B) 0.24 H
I (C) 0.31 H (D) 0.43 H
Q.72 n an LCR. series circuit the resonating
(D) 3 frequency can be decreased by -
E (A) Decreasing the value of C
(B) Decreasing the value of L
Q.66 n question (65) reactance X will be -
(C) Decreasing both the values of L and C
(A) 70.7 ohm (B) 0.707 ohm
(D) Increasing the value of C
(C) 100 ohm (D) 141 ohm
Q.73 Which of the following statements is correct
for L–C–R series combination in the
condition of resonance -
(A) Resistance is zero
Q.67 n question (65) the power factor is - (B) Impedance is zero
(A) 0.5 (B) 0.707 (C) Reactance is zero
(C) 0.85 (D) 1.0 (D) Resistance, impedance and reactance all
are zero
Questions
Resonance Q.74 n an LCR circuit, the resonating frequency is
based on
500 kHz. If the value of L is increased two
1
Q.68 The electric resonance is sharp in L-C-R times and value of C is decreased times,
circuit if in the circuit - 8
(A) R is greater then the new resonating frequency in kHz
will be -
(B) R is smaller
(A) 250 (B) 500
(C) R = XL or XC
(C) 1000 (D) 2000
(D) Does not depend on R
Q.75 n resonating circuit value of inductance and Q.81 The equations of alternating e.m.f. and
capacitance is 0.1H and 200 F. For same current in an A.C. circuit are E = 5 cos t volt
resonating frequency if value of inductance is and = 2 sin (t + /6) ampere respectively.
100H then necessary value of capacitance in The average power loss in this circuit will be -
F will be - (A) 1 watt (B) 2.5 watt
(A) 4 (B) 0.2 (C) 3 watt (D) Zero
(C) 2 (D) 0.3
Q.76 The inductance of the motor of a fan is 1.0 H. Q.82 The series combination of resistance R and
To run the fan at 50 Hz the capacitance of the inductance L is connected to an alternating
capacitor that will cancel its inductive source of e.m.f. e = 311 sin (100 t). If the
reactance, will be - value of wattless current is 0.5A and the
(A) 10 F (B) 40 F impedance of the circuit is 311, the power
factor will be -
(C) 0.4 F (D) 0.04 F
1 1 1 1
Q.77 n ac circuit at resonance - (A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 3 5
(A) Impedance = R
Q.83 n an L–C–R series circuit the loss of power
 1 
(B) Impedance =  L   is in -
 C 
(A) Only R
(C) The voltages across L and C are in the (B) Only L
same phase
(C) Only C
(D) The phase difference of current in C
(D) both L and C
relative to source voltage is 
Q.78 An ac circuit resonates at a frequency of
10 kHz. If its frequency is increased to 11 Q.84 n an ac circuit the readings of an ammeter
kHz, then - and a voltmeter are 10 A and 25 volt
respectively, the power in the circuit will be -
(A) Impedance will increase by 1.1 times
(A) More than 250 W
(B) Impedance will remain unchanged
(B) Always less than 250 W
(C) Impedance will increase and become
inductive (C) 250 W
(D) Impedance will increase and become (D) Less than 250 W or 250 W
capacitive
Q.85 A choke coil of 100 ohm and 1 H is
Questions connected to a generator of E = 200 sin (100t)
based on
Power volt. The average power dissipated will be -
(A) Zero (B) 200 W
Q.79 n an ac circuit 6 ohm resistor, an inductor of (C) 141 W (D) 100 W
4 ohm and a capacitor of 12 ohm are
connected n series with an ac source of 100 Q.86 A choke coil of negligible resistance carries
volt (rms). The average power dissipated in 5 mA current when it is operated at 220 V.
the circuit will be - The loss of power in the choke coil is -
(A) 600 W (B) 500 W (A) Zero (B) 11 W
(C) 400 W (D) 200 W (C) 44 × 103 W (D) 1.1 W
Q.80 n an ac circuit emf and current are E = 5 cos Q.87 The ratio of apparent power and average
t volt and = 2 sin t ampere respectively. power in an A.C. circuit is equal to –
The average power dissipated in this circuit (A) Reciprocal of power factor
will be - (B) Efficiency
(A) 10 W (B) 2.5 W (C) Power factor
(C) 5 W (D) Zero (D) Form factor
Q.88 n an A.C. circuit, a resistance of 3, an (A) 60 watt (B) 15 watt

inductance coil of 4and a condenser of (C) 6 watt (D) 30 watt
8are connected in series with an A.C.
source of 50 volt (R.M.S.). The average Q.96 Two electric bulbs of 100 watt (220 volt) are
power loss in the circuit will be - connected in series and these are connected
(A) 600 watt (B) 500 watt with other bulb of 100W (220V) in parallel
(C) 400 watt (D) 300 watt then total power in watt will be –
 100W 100W
Q.89 In an A.C. circuit, i = 5 sin (100t– )
2
ampere an A,V, V = 200 sin (100 t) volt. The
power loss in the circuit will be -
(A) 20 volt (B) 40 volt 100W
(C) 1000 watt (D) 0 watt
Questions
based on
Bulbs & A.C. meter 220V(50Hz)
~
Q.90 When N identical bulbs are connected in (A) 300 watt (B) 50 watt
parallel, total power consumption is P, what
(C) 150 watt (D) 25 watt
would be the power consumption when they
connected in series- Q.97 The A.C. meters are based on the principle of -
(A) P (B) PN (A) Heating effect
(C) P/N (D) P/N2 (B) magnetic effect
(C) Chemical effect
Q.91 Two bulbs of 500 watt and 300 watt work on (D) Electromagnetic effect
200 volt r.m.s. the ratio of their resistances
will be-
(A) 25 : 9 (B) 3 : 5 Q.98 The correctly marked ammeter for A.C.
(C) 9 : 25 (D) 5 : 9 current is shown in -
Q.92 An air core coil and an electric bulb are (A)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
connected in series with an A.C. source. If an
iron rod is put in the coil, then the intensity of (B)
bulb’s will- 0 1 2 4
(A) Be same (B) Increase
(C) Decrease (D) Decrease, increase (C)
0 1 2 3 4
Q.93 If a bulb and a coil are connected in series (D) None of these
with D.C. source and a iron core put in the
coil then the glowing of bulb - Q.99 Alternating current can not be measured by
(A) Decreases (B) Increases direct current meters, because -
(C) No change (D) Zero (A) alternating current can not pass through
an ammeter
Q.94 Three bulbs of 40, 60 and 100 watt are (B) the average value of current for complete
connected in series with the source of cycle is zero
200 volt. Then which of the bulb will be
(C) some amount of alternating current is
glowing the most -
destroyed in the ammeter
(A) 100 watt
(B) 60 watt (D) None of these
(C) 40 watt Q.100 The A.C. meters measure its -
(D) All are glowing equally (A) root mean square value
Q.95 If two bulbs each of 220V, 30 watt are (B) peak value
connected in series, then we get electric (C) square mean value
power as - (D) None of the above
LEVEL-2
Q.1 The self inductance of a choke coil is 10mH. (A) Same in both
When it is connected with a 10V D.C. source, (B) More in B1
then the loss of power is 20 watt. When it is
(C) Depending on the frequency of the source
connected with 10 volt A.C. source loss of
power is 10 watt. The frequency of A.C. (D) More in B2
source will be -
(A) 50Hz (B) 60Hz Q.6 An L–C–R series circuit with a resistance of
(C) 80Hz (D) 100Hz 100 ohm is connected to an ac source of
200 V (rms) and angular frequency 300 rad/s.
Q.2 We have two cables of copper of same length. When only the capacitor is removed. the
In one, only one wire of cross–section area A current lags behind the voltage by 60º. When
and in second ten wires each of cross–section only the inductor is removed , the current
area A/10 are present. When A.C. and D.C. leads with the voltage by 60º. The average
flow in it. Choose the correct cable for better power dissipated is-
efficiency - (A) 50W (B) 100 W
(A) Only one wire for D.C. and the other for (C) 200 W (D) 400 W
A.C
(B) Only one wire for A.C. and the other for Q.7 A coil when connected to a dc source of
D.C. 12 V, carries a current of 4 A. If this coil is
(C) Any wire for D.C. but only multy–wire connected to an ac source of 12 V and
cable for A.C. 50 rad/s, then it carries a current of 2.4 A.
(D) Only one wire for D.C. and only multy– The inductance of the coil is -
wire packet for A.C. (A) 48 H (B) 4 H
(C) 12.5 H (D) 8 × 10–2 H
Q.3 n a series LCR circuit L = 1H, C = 6.25 F
and R = 1 ohm. Its quality factor is - Q.8 Waves of wavelength 300 m are transmitted
(A) 400 (B) 200 (C) 125 (D) 25 from a broadcasting station. If a capacitor f
2.4 F is used in a resonant circuit for these
Q.4 A bulb of rated values 60 V and 10 W is waves, then the inductance of coil used will
connected in series with a source of 100 V be -
and 50 Hz. The coefficient of self induction (A) 10–6 H
of a coil to be connected in series for its
operation will be - (B) 1.056 × 10–8 H
(A) 1.53 H (B) 2.15 H (C) 10.56 × 10–8 H
(C) 3.27 H (D) 3.89 H (D) 105.6 × 10–8 H
Q.5 Two identical bulbs B1 and B2 are connected

to an ac source. B is connected in series with Q.9 A generator of 100 V (rms) is connected in an
a coil of 100 mH and B2 with a capacitor of ac circuit and 1 A (rms) current is flowing in
10 F as shown in the figure. The brightness the circuit. If the phase difference between
of B1 and B2 will be- the voltage and the current is /3. then the
average power consumption and the power
100mH
factor of the circuit will be -
B1
(A) 50 W, 0.86 (B) 100 W, 0.86
(C) 100 W, 0.5 (D) 50 W, 0.5
10µF B2 Q.10 When a current of 0.5 A (rms) is passed
through a coil, its reactance and power loss
are found to be 25 ohm and 16 W. The
impedance of the coil is -
~
220V (A) 50 ohm (B) 68.7 ohm
(C) 76.4 ohm (D) 92.3 ohm
Q.11 n the adjoining A.C. circuit the voltmeter Q.17 Figure shows an AC generator connected to a
whose reading will be zero at resonance is - “block box” through a pair of terminals. The
V4 box contains possible R,L, C or their
combination, whose elements and
arrangements are not known to us.
V1 V2 V3 Measurements outside the box reveals that
e = 75 sin ( t) volt,
i = 1.5 sin (t + 45º) amp
L C R
V5 then, the wrong statement is -
~
(A) V1 (B) V2 ~ ?
(C) V3 (D) V4

Q.12 n the above problem, the two voltmeters (A) There must be a capacitor in the box
whose readings are equal, will be - (B) There must be an inductor in the box
(A) V4 and V1 (C) There must be a resistance in the box
(B) V1 and V3 (D) The power factor is 0.707
Q.18 n ac circuit contains a pure capacitor, across
(C) V4 and V5
which an ac emf
(D) V1 and V2 e = 100 sin (1000t), volt
Q.13 n Q.11, if L /R = 10 and V3 = 100 volt then is applied. If the peak value of the current is
reading of V2 will be - 200 mA, then the value of the capacitor is -
(A) 10 volt (B) 100 volt (A) 2 F (B) 20 F
(C) 1000 volt (D) uncertain (C) 5 F (D) 500F
Q.19 n a series LCR circuit C = 25 F, L = 0.1 H

Q.14 2.5/ F capacitor and a 3000–ohm resistance and R = 25. When an ac source of emf
are joined in series to an a.c. source of 200 e = 311 sin (314t) then the impedance is -
volt and 50 sec–1 frequency. The power factor
(A) 99 ohm (B) 80 ohm
of the circuit and the power dissipated in it
will respectively - (C) 57 ohm (D) 25 ohm
(A) 0.6, 0.06W (B) 0.06, 0.6W Q.20 Consider two cables A and B. n A, a single
(C) 0.6, 4.8W (D) 4.8, 0.6W copper wire of cross–sectional area x is used,
while in B, a bunch of 15 wires each of
Q.15 The current through 'a' wire changes with cross–sectional area x/15 is used. Then for the
time according to the equation I = t . The flow of high frequency AC, the -
correct value of the rms current within the (A) Cable A is more suitable then B
time interval t = 2 to t = 4s will be - (B) Cable B is more suitable then A
(A) 3 A (C) Both cables are equally suitable
(B) 3 A (D) Nothing specific can be predicted
(C) 3 3 A Q.21 An ac circuit contains a resistance R and a
(D) None of the above reactance X. If the impedance of the circuit is
given by Z = 50 /6.
Q.16 The time required for a 50 Hz alternating Then the resistance and the reactance are,
current to increase from zero to 70.7% of its respectively (in ohms) -
peak value is -
(A) Zero ; 50 (B) 25 3 ; 25
(A) 2.5 ms (B) 10 ms
(C) 20 ms (D) 14.14 ms (C) 25 ; 25 3 (D) 25 ; 25
Q.22 n a series LCR circuit with R = 11 ohm, the Q.23 A d.c. voltage with appreciable riple
instantaneous value of the current i in the expressed as V = V1 + V2 cos t is applied to
circuit and instantaneous value of the applied a resistor R. The amount of heat generated
ac emf e, are respectively - per second is given by -
i = 200 mA, e = 110 volt V12  V22 2V12  V22
If the phase difference between the current (A)  (B)
2R 2R
and voltage is /3, then the instantaneous ac
V 2  2V22
power in the circuit is – (C) 1 (D) None of these
2R
(A) 22W (B) 0.44W
(C) 0.22W (D) None of the above
LEVEL-3
Q.1 The electric current in a circuit is given by (A) 10 V (B) 10 2 V
i0 t 10
i for some time. The rms current for the (C) V (D) 20 V
 2
period t = 0 to t =  will be-
i0 i0 Q.7 An alternating emf 100 cos 100 t volt is
(A) (B) connected in series to a resistance of 10 
2 3
i0 i0 and inductance 100 mH, what is the phase
(C) (D) difference between the current in the circuit
2 3
Q.2 A series AC circuit has a resistance of 4 and and the emf-
an inductor of reactance 3. The impedance  
of the circuit is z1. Now a capacitor of (A) (B) zero (C)  (D)
4 2
reactance 6is connected in the series of 1
above combination, the impedance becomes Q.8 A coilhaving an inductance of Henry is

z1
z2 , Then will be- connected in series with a resistance of
z2
(A) 1 : 1 (B) 5 : 4 300 If 20 V from a 200 cycle/s source are
(C) 4 : 5 (D) 2 : 1 impressed across the combination. The power
Q.3 An AC source is rated 220 V, 50 Hz. The factor of the circuit will be-
average voltage is calculated in a time 2 3 4 2
interval of 0.01 s, It - (A) (B) (C) (D)
5 5 5 3
(A) must be zero (B) may be zero
20
(C) is never zero (D) is volt Q.9 In an AC circuit, a resistance of R ohm is
2
Q.4 An AC ammeter is used to measure current in connected in series with an inductance L. If
a circuit. When a given direct current passes phase angle between voltage and current be
through the circuit, the AC ammeter reads 45°, the value of inductive reactance will be-
3A. When another alternating current passes
(A) R/4
through the circuit the AC ammeter reads
4 A, then reading of this ammeter if DC and (B) R/2
AC flow through the circuit simultaneously (C) R
is-
(A) 3 A (B) 4 A (C) 7 A (D) 5 A (D) Cannot be found with the given data
Q.5 An inductor (L) and resistance (R) are

connected in series with an AC source. The Q.10 In LCR series AC circuit, the phase angle
phase difference between voltage (V) and between current and voltage is-
current (i) is 45°. Now a capacitor (C) is (A) any angle between 0 and ±/ 2
connected in series with L-R, If the phase (B) / 2
difference between V and i remain same, then (C) 
capacitive reactance and impedance of
(D) any angle between 0 and 
L-C-R circuit will be-
Q.11 A coil has an inductance of 0.7 H and is
(A) R , R 2 (B) 2R , R 2
joined in series with a resistance of 220 .
(C) R, R (D) 2R , R 3 When an alternating e.m.f. of 220 V at 50 cps
Q.6 In a series LCR circuit the voltage across the is applied to it, then the wattless component
resistance, capacitance and inductance is of the current in the circuit is-
10 V each. If the capacitor is removed, the (A) 5 ampere (B) 0.5 ampere
voltage across the inductance will be- (C) 0.7 ampere (D) 7 ampere
Q.12 A direct current of 2 A and an alternating Q.18 A conducting wire is stretched between the
current having a maximum value of 2 A flow poles of a magnet. There is a strong uniform
through two identical resistances. The ratio of magnetic field in the region between the
heat produced in the two resistances will be- poles. If an alternating current
I = I0 sin t
(A) 1 : 1 (B) 1 :2
is passed through the wire AB, the wire will-
(C) 2 : 1 (D) 4 : 1 A
Q.13 An alternating voltage is connected in series
with a resistance R and an inductance L. If
the potential drop across the resistance is 200 N I S
volt and across the inductance is 150 volt, the
applied voltage is-
B
(A) 350 volt (B) 250 volt
(A) remain stationary
(C) 500 volt (D) 300 volt (B) be pulled towards north pole
Q.14 An AC circuit using an inductor and a (C) be pulled towards south pole
(D) vibrate with a frequency /2
capacitor in series has a maximum current. If
L = 0.5 H and C = 8 F, then the angular Q.19 In an LR circuit, the inductive reactance is
frequency of input AC voltage will be - equal to resistance R of the circuit. An e.m.f.
E = E0 cos t is applied to the circuit. The
(A) 500 (B) 5 × 105
power consumed in the circuit is-
(C) 4000 (D) 5000
(A) E 02 / R (B) E 02 / 2R
Q.15 A resistor and an inductor are connected to an
AC supply of 120 volt and 50 Hz. The current (C) E 02 / 4R (D) E 02 / 8R
in the circuit is 3 ampere. If the power
Q.20 The voltage of an AC supply varies with time
consumed in the circuit is 108 watt, then the (t) as V = 120 sin 100 t cos 100t. The
resistance in the circuit is- maximum voltage and frequency respectively
(A) 12 ohm (B) 40 ohm are -
120
(C) (52  28) ohm (D) 360 ohm (A) 60 volt, 100 Hz (B) volt, 100 Hz
2
Q.16 In an AC circuit, the current lags behind the
(C) 120 volt, 100 Hz (D) 60 volt, 200 Hz
voltage by /3. The components of the circuit Statements type questions :
are-
Each of the questions given below consist of
(A) R and L (B) L and C Statement-I and Statement-II. Use the
(C) R and C (D) only R following Key to choose the appropriate
answer.
Q.17 A 10 ohm resistance, 5 mH coil and 10 F
(A) If both Statement-I and Statement-II are
capacitor are joined in series. When a suitable
true, and Statement-II is the correct
frequency alternating current source is joined
explanation of Statement-I.
to the combination the circuit resonates.
(B) If both Statement-I and Statement-II are
If the resistance is halved, the resonance true but Statement-II is not the correct
frequency- explanation of Statement-I.
(A) is halved (C) If Statement-I is true but Statement-II is
(B) is doubled false.
(C) remains unchanged
(D) If Statement-I is false but Statement-II is
(D) is quadrupled
true.
Q.21 Statement I : In series LCR circuit , the Q.24 Statement I : In 220 V ; 50 Hz a.c. wall
resonance occurs at one frequency only. plug peak value of alternating emf is 220 V.
Statement II : At this frequency, inductive Statement II : Only rms value is specified.
reactance is equal to capacitative reactance.
Q.22 Statement I : A glowing bulb becomes dim Q.25 Statement I : Series RLC circuit behaves
when an iron bar is put in the inductor in the as RC circuit for f < fr .
a.c. circuit.
Statement II : Because for f < fr
Statement II : Resistance of the circuit
capacitative reactance is more than inductive
increases.
reactance.
Q.23 Statement I : A capacitor blocks d.c.
Statement II : This is because capacitative
1 1
reactance of condenser is XC = =
C 2fC
and for d.c. f = 0.
LEVEL-4
(Question asked in previous AIEEE and IIT-JEE)
SECTION - A Q.5 In a LCR circuit capacitance is changed from

Q.1 The power factor of an A.C. circuit having C to 2C. For the resonant frequency to remain
unchanged, the inductance should be changed
resistance (R) and inductance (L) connected from L to - [AIEEE-2004]
in series and an angular velocity  is - (A) 4 L (B) 2 L (C) L/2 (D) L/4
[AIEEE-2002]
Q.6 The self inductance of the motor of an electric
R R fan is 10 H. In order to impart maximum
(A) (B)
L (R 2   2 L2 )1 / 2 power at 50 Hz, it should be connected to a
capacitance of – [AIEEE-2005]
L R
(C) (D) (A) 4µF (B) 8µF
R (R   2 L2 )1/ 2
2
(C) 1µF (D) 2µF
Q.7 A circuit has a resistance of 12 ohm and an

Q.2 Power factor of the circuit is – impedance of 15 ohm. The power factor of
[AIEEE-2003] the circuit will be - [AIEEE-2005]
R L (A) 0.8 (B) 0.4 (C) 1.25 (D) 0.125
Q.8 The phase difference between the alternating

current and emf is /2. Which of the
~ following cannot be the constituent of the
sint circuit ?
R R [AIEEE-2005]
(A) (B) (A) C alone (B) R L (C) L C (D) L alone
L R   2 L2
2
R Q.9 In a series resonant LCR circuit, the voltage across

(C) 2 2 2
(D) none of these R is 100 volts and R = 1 k with C = 2 F. The
R  L
resonant frequency  is 200 rad/s. At
resonance the voltage across L is -
Q.3 Alternating current can not be measured by [AIEEE 2006]
D.C. ammeter because - [AIEEE-2004] (A) 250 V (B) 4 × 10–3 V
(C) 2.5 × 10 V –2 (D) 40 V
(A) A.C. can not pass through D.C. Ammeter
(B) A.C. changes direction
Q.10 In an a.c. circuit the voltage applied is
(C) Average value of current for complete
E = E0 sint. The resulting current in the
cycle is zero
(D) D.C. Ammeter will get damaged  
circuit is I = I0 sin  t   . The power
 2
Q.4 In an LCR series a.c. circuit, the voltage consumption in the circuit is given by -
across each of the components, L, C and R is [AIEEE 2007]
50 V. The voltage across the LC combination
will E0I0
(A) P = (B) P = zero
be - [AIEEE-2004] 2
E I
(A) 50 V (B) 50 2 (C) P = 0 0 (D) P = 2 E0I0
2
(C) 100 V (D) 0 V (zero)
Q.11. In a series LCR circuit R = 200  and the Q.5 In the given circuit, the AC source has  = 100
voltage and the frequency of the main supply rad/s. Considering the inductor and capacitor to
is 220 V and 50 Hz respectively. On taking out be ideal, the correct choice(s) is (are)
the capacitance from the circuit the current [IIT-2012]
lags behind the voltage by 30°. On taking out 100 F
the inductor from the circuit the current leads 100 
the voltage by 30°. The power dissipated in the
LCR circuit is – [AIEEE 2010]
(A) 242 W (B) 305 W 0.5 H 50 
(C) 210 W (D) Zero W
I
SECTION - B
Q.1 In an AC circuit phase difference between 20 V
current and potential is /4. The variation of I ~
& E Vs t is represented in the graph. If (A) The current through the circuit, I is 0.3 A
E = E0 cos (100 t) , then components of the (B) The current through the circuit, I is
circuit are - [IIT 2003] 0 .3 2 A
(C) The voltage across 100  resistor =
10 2 V
I E (D) The voltage across 50  resistor = 10 V
Paragraph for Questions 6 and 7
t A thermal power plant produces electric power
of 600 kW at 4000 V, which is to be transported
to a place 20 km away from the power plant for
consumers usage. It can be transported either
(A) R=100, C=1µF (B) R=1k, C=10µF directly with a cable of large current carrying
(C) R=100; L=1H (D) R=1k; L=10H capacity or by using a combination of step-up

and step-down transformers at the two ends.
Q.2 An AC voltage source of variable angular
The drawback of the direct transmission is the
frequency  and fixed amplitude V is large energy dissipation. In the method using
connected in series with a capacitance C and transformers, the dissipation is much smaller.
an electric bulb of resistance R (inductance In this method, a step-up transformer is used at
zero). When  is increased - [IIT - 2010] the plant side so that the current is reduced to a
(A) the bulb glows dimmer smaller value. At the consumers end, a step-
(B) the bulb glows brighter down transformer is used to supply power to the
(C) total impedance of the circuit is un consumers at the specified lower voltage. It is
changed reasonable to assume that the power cable is
(D) total impedance of the circuit increases purely resistive and the transformers are ideal
Q.3 A series R-C circuit is connected to AC with a power factor unity. All the currents and
voltage source. Consider two cases; (A) when voltage mentioned are rms values.
C is without a dielectric medium and (B) [JEE-Advance 2013]
when C is filled with dielectric of constant 4. Q.6 In the method using the transformers, assume
The current IR through the resistor and that the ratio of the number of turns in the
voltage VC across the capacitor are compared primary to that in the secondary in the step-up
transformer is 1 : 10. If the power to the
in the two cases. Which of the following
consumers has to be supplied at 200 V, the ratio
is/are true ? [IIT 2011]
A B A B
of the number of turns in the primary to that in
(A) I R  I R (B) I R  I R the secondary in the step-down transformer is-
(C) VCA  VCB (D) VCA  VCB (A) 200 : 1 (B) 150 : 1
(C) 100 : 1 (D) 50 : 1
Q.4 A series R-C combination is connected to an Q.7 If the direct transmission method with a cable of
AC voltage of angular frequency  = 500 resistance 0.4  km–1 is used, the power
radian/s. If the impedance of the R-C circuit
dissipation (in %) during transmission is-
is R 1.25 , the time constant (in millisecond) (A) 20 (B) 30 (C) 40 (D) 50
of the circuit is - [IIT-2011]
ANSWER KEY
LEVEL-1
Q. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. D A B B B C A D D C D D A A B C B A A A
Q. No. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Ans. B D C C C C A B C B C D B C A C A D D C
Q. No. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Ans. A D A B B C B C B C B C B B A C D B A D
Q. No. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
Ans. B D B A A D B B C C D D C C B A A C A D
Q. No. 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
Ans. D B A D D A A D D D B C C C B C A B B A
LEVEL- 2
Q. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. C C A A C D D B D B D D C C A A B A A B
Q. No. 21 22 23
Ans. B A B
LEVEL- 3
Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Ans. B A B D B C A B C A B C B A A A C D C
Q.No. 20 21 22 23 24 25
Ans. A A C A D A
LEVEL- 4
SECTION-A
Q. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Ans. B B C D C C A B A B A
SECTION-B
R C
2. [B]
1. [B] i
E
V0, 
~
2
 1 
As the current i leads the emf e by /4, it is an Z= R2   
CR circuit.  C 
X  1 / C  increased Z decreased
tan  = C  tan =
R 4 R  current in circuit increase
 CR = 1  Bulb glow brighter.
as  = 100 rad/sec
1
 the product of CR circuit should be sec–1
100
3. [B,C] 1 = /4
R C I1 lead V
2 50 50
 1 
Z1  R 2   
 C  I2
~ 20 2
Z2 = 50 2 ; I2 = =
R 4C 50 2 5 2
2 2 20
 1  Vrms across 50 =  50  = 10 2
Z2  R 2    50 2 2
 4 C 
Ans.
~ 2 = /4
Z1 > Z2  I AR  I BR I2 lag V by /4
I AK IB I = I1 + I2
VCA  ; VCB  K ; VCB  VCA 
C 4 C
/4
4. [4] Z = R 1.25
V
 = RC /4
2
2  1 
R +  = Z2 
 500C 
2 INet = I12  I 22
 1 
R2 +   = R2 × 1. 25 4 1 5 1
 500 C  I=   
2 25  2 25  2 50 10
 1  1
  = 0.25 R2  = 0.5R I = 0.316
 500C  500C As I is not exactly 0.3 therefore IIT give answer
1 either C or (A,C) Ans.[A,C]
= RC
2500 6.[A] Using step up transpormer
1 VP = 4000 V
= RC NP 1
250 =
0.004 sec = RC NS 10
RC = 4 mili second. 4000 1
=
VS 10
5. [A,C] xL = L = 10 × 0.5 = 50 
VS = 40,000 volt
1 1
xC = =  100 40,000 volt is converted to 200 V using step
C 100  100  106 down transformer
100 100 40000 N
= P
200 NS
I1
NP 200
=
20 1 NS 1
Z1 = 100 2 ; I1 = =
100 2 5 2 7.[B] Direct transmission method
1 20 2 600  103
Vacross 100  =  100   = Current  = 150 Amp.
5 2 2 2 4000
Power loss = (150)2 × 0.4 × 20
10 2 Ans. (C) = 225 × 100 × 8
R1 = 180 kW
Phase diff. between I1 & V  cos 1 =
Z1 180
% loss = × 100
100 600
= = 30 %
100 2

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ALTERNATING CURRENT 1

PHYSICS STUDY MATERIAL

Since XL = XC, the impedance is Ex.10 A 2.5/ F capacitor and a 3000–ohm

R = (3) 2  (90  111.11) 2

Ex.14 Mr. C.P. Nawani wants to calculate the

Questions Q.8 If the value of Erms is 5 volt, then the

Q.31 RMS value of ac i = i1 cos t + i2 sin t will (A) 190 (B) 70

Q.36 n the given figure, the potential difference is

Q.41 Figure shows the variation of voltage with

Q.42 The power factor of the following circuit will

Q.53 A resistance of 50, an inductance of

(C) VR/ 2 (D) 5VR (A) Zero (B) Infinite

Q.57 n an LCR circuit, the voltages across the R L C

Q.88 n an A.C. circuit, a resistance of 3, an (A) 60 watt (B) 15 watt

Q.92 An air core coil and an electric bulb are (A)

Q.5 Two identical bulbs B1 and B2 are connected

Q.19 n a series LCR circuit C = 25 F, L = 0.1 H

Q.5 An inductor (L) and resistance (R) are

SECTION - A Q.5 In a LCR circuit capacitance is changed from

Q.7 A circuit has a resistance of 12 ohm and an

Q.8 The phase difference between the alternating

R Q.9 In a series resonant LCR circuit, the voltage across

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