“AÑO DEL DIÁLOGO Y RECONCILIACIÓN NACIONAL”

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
Civil Engineering Degree

TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
HOMEWORK Nº 01

INTEGRANTES: CÓDIGO
➢ Pariachi Alvarado, Jose Luis. 1421451
➢ Revatta Martinez, Ruth 1421429

Course: Transportation Engineering

Teacher: Sánchez Navarro, Alex Manuel

Block:

CLASS: Campus 1- La Molina

FECHA: 26 de abril del 2018.

LIMA-PERÚ
2018-01
Topics: Traffic Concepts

✓ Traffic volume counts, and speed data were collected for one avenue located in the
downtown Lima. Traffic volume were collected in the morning, afternoon and evening,
total count of 10 hours. In addition, sensors were installed in another roadway,
collecting data from 365 days. The data is in the Excel File: “Volume, Speed and
Hourly Volume”.

1. (5 points) Based on the 365 days count data, determine: Design hour volume
(DHV)
It is defined as the number of vehicles that travel in the design hour in a road
segment.
Represent the volume of vehicles per hour.

𝑫𝑯𝑽 = 𝑲 ∗ 𝑨𝑨𝑫𝑻

Where:

K= 30th highest
AADT = Annual average daily traffic

a) Draw a graph: hours vs. hourly traffic volume, indicating in the graph the DHV.

Table 1:observation in 24 years the vehicles number

VOLUME OF VEHICLES FOR YEAR

AÑOS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Volume 20150 19755 19461 19124 19023 18957 18897 18735 18627 18496 18392 18373
AÑOS 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Volume 18210 18204 18196 17860 17678 17634 17432 17394 17010 16906 16804 16653

𝐴𝐴𝐷𝑇 = ∑ 𝑉𝑒ℎ𝑃𝑌𝑒𝑎𝑟 = 437971 𝑉𝑒ℎ/𝐴

For the highest volume in the 30th to factor K, estimate with graphic 01:
24 ∗ 30%
𝑃(30) = = 7.2 𝑦𝑒𝑎𝑟
100%
So its to 7.2 years there are have 18550 vehicles this that highest volume in 30th.
Therefore:
𝑃(30)𝐻𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 18550
𝐾= = 𝑥100% = 4.24%
𝐴𝐴𝐷𝑇 437971

For the Design Hourly Volume (DHV):

𝑉𝑒ℎ 𝐴
𝐷𝐻𝑉 4.24% ∗ 437971 𝐴 ∗
𝐾= =≫ 𝐷𝐻𝑉 = 𝐾 ∗ 𝐴𝐴𝐷𝑇 = 365 ∗ 24 = 49.997
𝐴𝐴𝐷𝑇 100%
≅ 50 𝑉𝑒ℎ/𝐻

Age Volume vs Time

y = -1065ln(x) + 20680
20100 R² = 0.8842
19900
19700
19500
19300
19100
18900
18700
AGE VOLUME (Veh)

18500
18300
18100
17900
17700
17500
17300
17100
16900
16700
16500
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Time (year)

VOLUME Logarítmica (VOLUME)

Graphic Nº 01:
b) Explain how you determine the DHV.
in list of daily observations for 8760 days that is a total of 24 years, indicated the annual
count of 365 days, according to the count per year that is in the table No. 1, made the graph
No. 01.

2. (5 points) Using the 10-hour volume count determine:

a) The peak hour factor (PHF) at morning, at afternoon and at evening.
b) D – Directional factor
c) PT - Percentage of trucks
d) PB – Percentage of buses

3. (5 points) Using the Speed data determine:

a) Determine the space mean speed (SMS) and time mean speed (TMS) for each
direction.

i. Space Mean Speed (SMS)

Determine SMS we use the next forms:
𝒏
𝒖𝒛 =
𝟏
∑𝒏𝒊=𝟏
𝒖𝟏
Where:
n =number of count
in the excel office you have

Direction West to East

𝒏 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝟏
∑ = 𝟒. 𝟐𝟐 𝒉/𝒌
𝒖𝟏
𝒊=𝟏

𝒏 𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝒖𝒛 = = = 𝟒𝟕. 𝟒𝟒𝟗 𝒌/𝒉
𝟏 𝟒. 𝟐𝟐 𝒉/𝒌
∑𝒏𝒊=𝟏
𝒖𝟏
 Direction East to West
𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝟏
∑ = 𝟒. 𝟏𝟒𝟎 𝒉/𝒌
𝒖𝟏
𝒊=𝟏

𝒏 𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝒖𝒛 = = = 𝟒𝟖. 𝟑𝟏𝟒 𝒌/𝒉
𝟏 𝟒. 𝟏𝟒 𝒉/𝒌
∑𝒏𝒊=𝟏
𝒖𝟏
𝒖𝒛 𝑾−𝑬 + 𝒖𝒁 𝑬−𝑾 𝟒𝟕. 𝟒𝟒𝟗 + 𝟒𝟖. 𝟑𝟏𝟒
𝑺𝑴𝑺 = =
𝟐 𝟐
𝑺𝑴𝑺 = 𝟒𝟕. 𝟖𝟖 𝒌/𝒉
ii. Time Mean Speed (TMS).
Time mean speed is defined as the average speed of all the vehicles passing a point on a
highway over some specified time period.
We continue calculating the time mean speed. Determine TMS we use the next forms:
Direction West to East
∑𝒏𝒊=𝟏 𝒖𝒊
𝒖𝒕 =
𝒏
𝒏 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝟐𝟎𝟎

∑ 𝒖𝒊 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟑. 𝟔𝟎 𝒌/𝒉
𝒊=𝟐𝟎𝟎

∑𝒏𝒊=𝟏 𝒖𝒊 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟑. 𝟔
𝒖𝒕 = = 𝒌/𝒉
𝒏 𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝒖𝒕 = 𝟓𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟖 𝒌/𝒉
Direction East to West
𝟐𝟎𝟎

∑ 𝒖𝒊 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟖𝟐. 𝟓𝟎 𝒌/𝒉
𝒊=𝟐𝟎𝟎

∑𝒏𝒊=𝟏 𝒖𝒊 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟖𝟐. 𝟓𝟎
𝒖𝒕 = = 𝒌/𝒉
𝒏 𝟐𝟎𝟎
𝒖𝒕 = 𝟓𝟎. 𝟒𝟏𝟑 𝒌/𝒉
𝒖𝒛 𝑾−𝑬 + 𝒖𝒁 𝑬−𝑾 𝟓𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟖 + 𝟓𝟎. 𝟒𝟏𝟑
𝑻𝑴𝑺 = =
𝟐 𝟐

𝑻𝑴𝑺 = 𝟓𝟎. 𝟐𝟒 𝒌/𝒉

Acording to MTC (Ministerio de transporte y comunicaciones) the limits of velocity show
follow. (DECRETO SUPREMO Nº 058-203-MTC)
➢ Calles y jirones: 40kph
➢ Avenidas: 60 kph
➢ Vias expresas: 80kph
➢ Zona escolar: 30 kph
➢ Zona de Hospital: 30 kph

The avenue in the center to LIMA we choose 60 KpH and its capacity of 1750 vehicles per
hour per lane.
Whereas:
b) If the legal speed is 45kph, what you can say regarding to the operation of this
roadway.
Regarding the operation of the highway the legal speed 45kph, the calculations made of SMS
(47.88 kph) and TMS (50.24 kph) exceed the legal speed, which could be said that the legal
speed should be higher than the current one. In the MTC standard in avenues the speed limit
is 60 kph

c) What would be the new speed limit based on this speed study. Explain.
The new speed limit based on the study, the speed would be 50 kph, because in the special
average speed and the average speed time an exceeded the legal speed, it can be said that in
the avenue there is not much vehicular traffic or congestion, it could also raise the speed limit
to 50 kph or more on the avenue but not exceed 60kph.
 d) Find the descriptive statistics of the data and create a histogram and a percentile
graph.

Table 2: Statistical calculations

INTERVALOS(E-W) + C Xi fi Fi hi Hi pi (%) Pi (%)

20.80 27.98 24.39 4.0 4.0 0.020 0.020 2.0 2.0
27.98 35.16 31.57 11.0 15.0 0.055 0.075 5.5 7.5
35.16 42.34 38.75 41.0 56.0 0.205 0.280 20.5 28.0
42.34 49.52 45.93 37.0 93.0 0.185 0.465 18.5 46.5
49.52 56.70 53.11 53.0 146.0 0.265 0.730 26.5 73.0
56.70 63.88 60.29 36.0 182.0 0.180 0.910 18.0 91.0
63.88 71.06 67.47 13.0 195.0 0.065 0.975 6.5 97.5
71.06 78.24 74.65 4.0 199.0 0.020 0.995 2.0 99.5
78.24 85.42 81.83 1.0 200.0 0.005 1.000 0.5 100.0
TOTAL -> 200 - 1 - 100 -

Histogram of speed
30.0
26.5

25.0
Used to Speed in (%)

20.5
20.0 18.5 18.0

15.0
Series1
10.0
6.5
5.5
5.0
2.0 2.0
0.5
0.0
24.39 31.57 38.75 45.93 53.11 60.29 67.47 74.65 81.83
Speed (kph)
 4. (5 points) From your speed data, assume that the maximum speed you have
obtained is the “Free Flow Speed”, with this speed and table 01 you can obtain the
qm for the facility. Draw the diagrams Flow-Density-Speed for this roadway
section.

Table 01: Speed vs Capacity

Speed Capacity
(km/hour) Vehicles/hour/lane
30 1550
35 1600
40 1650
45 1675
50 1700
55 1725
60 1750
65 1775
70 1800
75 1825
80 1850
85 1875
90 1900

Note: The above values are not analytical or experimentally derived.

3. (5 puntos) Usando los datos de velocidad, determine:
• Determine la velocidad media espacial (SMS) y la velocidad media del tiempo (TMS)
para cada dirección.
• Si la velocidad legal es 45kph, qué puede decir con respecto a la operación de esta
carretera.
• ¿Cuál sería el nuevo límite de velocidad basado en este estudio de velocidad? Explique.
• Encuentra las estadísticas descriptivas de los datos y crea un histograma y un gráfico de
percentiles.
𝑉𝑒ℎ
𝑞𝑚 = 1750 /𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒
ℎ

Section we studied had two lanes then:

𝑞𝑚 = 1750𝑥2 = 3500 𝑉𝑒ℎ/𝐻
𝑞𝑚
𝑞𝑚 = 𝑢𝑚 𝑥𝑘𝑚 =≫ 𝑘𝑚 =
𝑢𝑚

4. (5 puntos) A partir de sus datos de velocidad, suponga que la velocidad máxima que ha
obtenido
= es la "Velocidad de flujo libre", con esta velocidad y la tabla 01 puede obtener el
qm
= para la instalación. Dibuja los diagramas de velocidad de densidad de flujo para esta
sección
= de carretera.

2
=
𝑥2=155.556𝑥2=311.11 𝑉𝑒ℎ𝑝𝑀𝑖
4
5