Enterprise Resource Planning application software is suitable for organizations in all economic

sectors including banking industry.- Plagiarized Implementing an enterprise resource planning

(ERP) system proven to have visible benefits (business integration, reduce operational cost,

business flexibility and much more) that can be seen by many organizations,- PlagiarizedThis

paper explained various aspects that lead to ERP system implementation failure which includes

inadequate requirements definition, end-users resistance to adapting to new methods, lack of top-

management support.- PlagiarizedBanking broadly covers deposits, lending services and money

transmission.- PlagiarizedBanks normally have large branch net- works, many of them comprising

over a thousand branches.- UniqueERP systems in business are typically used with an internal

perspective and less with external perspective.- PlagiarizedA national banking system consists of

thousands of individual national banks, their branches and extension counter located in large cities

and small towns across the country (NBS, 1999).- PlagiarizedA bank needs to fulfill several

obligations towards its customers.- PlagiarizedAs part of its typical responsibilities, it needs to

receive a customer’s money and cheques as collection and to credit his account with them.-

UniqueBanks are supposed to honour their cheque upto the credit balance or overdraft limit,

provided they are in order and there is no stop (Lipscombe & Pond, 2005).- UniqueInformation

determines the speed and efficiency with which customers’ orders are processed and progressed

as a vital link in the overall efficiency of a nationwide banking system.- PlagiarizedIn earlier days,

large volume of data was stored centrally on main- frames but with the advent and growing

popularity of PCs, local area net- works, and client server technologies- UniqueFor instance,

many different systems that were developed independently over the period within a company were

often incompatible that created problems for sharing information.- UniqueERP helps to integrate

and synchronize different organizational systems such as finance, human resource, operations,

support services and other functions which may be organization specific.- PlagiarizedERP

enables business firms to integrate their sales, finance, manufacturing, distribution, customer

service and other functions.- Plagiarizedthat may result into significant gains in a company’s
efficiency and bottom line.- UniqueExtensive databases created by an ERP system provide Banks

play a crucial role in mobilizing and distributing a nation’s wealth to ensure a healthy growing

economy and platform for- PlagiarizedDecision support system helps decision maker in solving

structured, semi-structured and unstructured problem by creating a decision environment.-

UniqueERP systems may also utilize information that comes from a bank’s functional information

system, decision support systems, etc.- Uniquemillion of customers located along length and

breadth of the country.- PlagiarizedHowever, before taking a decision to install ERP, it is also

desirable to carry out cost-benefit analysis that the expected returns would far exceed the system

costs (Piturro, 1999).- PlagiarizedERP systems use common hardware, common resource

planning software, and common data-base systems throughout an enterprise (Gupta, 2001).-

Unique

Based on client/server architecture, ERP systems have graphical user interface and run without

specific hardware requirements.- PlagiarizedSystem integration of ERP solutions with IT systems

has greater flexibility and adaptability than mere standard ERP system.- PlagiarizedBeing highly

data-oriented banking industry offers enormous potential for ERP applications.- PlagiarizedERP

integrates users, information, processes, and applications for higher productivity.- PlagiarizedIt

uses portal technology, business intelligence, knowledge management, and mobile technologies

that save time and reduce costs.- UniqueERP system provides complete end-to-end solution

covering payment processing, cash accounting, cash management and security (Lee & Lee,

2000).- PlagiarizedThis may be clear cut for one branch at particular location but may become

more complex while dealing with multiple branches in different countries and operating under

country specific legislations.- UniqueAs for cash management, there is a need to ad- minister

available account on regular basis so that investments of funding decisions can be made in an

appropriate manner.- UniqueCollectively they represent total bank credit to the commercial

sector.- UniqueDemand loans are more or less temporary financial arrangement granted to
customers to meet unforeseen situation but customers are required to pay heavy rate of interest

(The Economic Times,- PlagiarizedTerm loans are usually secured and granted for a variety of

purposes such as renovation, expansion and modernization of industrial units, meeting

requirements of core working capital, and for- UniqueThey are granted on the basis of a formal

agreement, which contains the terms and conditions of providing loans.- UniqueIt combines

planning, reporting and analysis of all bank assets in one process.- UniqueAn ERP system is

essentially module based, multi currency, multi linguistic, multi user and multi-firm in operation.-

PlagiarizedIn banks it can be integrated with all financial systems and back-office systems.-

PlagiarizedERP system provides a far-reaching range of services and tools to monitor all financial

accounting transactions in real time.- PlagiarizedERP systems for banking industry are generally

very helpful for operational planning, tactical planning and strategic planning decisions.-

Uniqueaccounting systems, and preparing financial statements and reports (Fig. 1).- UniqueTop

level (strategic) planning is done by the bank’s top brass who are concerned with strategic

directions and long term strategic goals of a bank.- Unique

account in three ways: (i) fees, (ii) interest on loans, and (iii) reinvestment of deposits.-

PlagiarizedFor example, in periods of high interest rates (tight money), deposits will be worth

more than in periods of lower rates.- UniqueAn ERP system in bank facilitates decision making for

such issues in holistic manner.- Plagiarizedprocesses and applications across all departments of

a typical banking system.- UniqueERP systems are however far more complex than one may

think and may re- quire significant investment to maintain, integrate and operate (David, 2003).-

UniqueERP helps in developing management and information system for very profitable areas

such as lending but that are very risky activity for banks.- PlagiarizedFor all round success an

ERP system should be integrated with other banking systems after customizing and tailoring to

individual banking needs and integration with other banking systems.- Plagiarized
cles.

1. Journal of Hospitality Application and Research

2. Drishtikon: A Management Journal

3. Indian Journal of Industrial Relations

4. International Journal of Financial Management

5. PRIMA: Practices and Research in Marketing

6. Journal of Supply Chain Management Systems

7. Social Work Chronicle

8. Journal of Commerce and Accounting Research

9. Journal of Organization and Human Behaviour

10. International Journal of Marketing and Business Communication

11. International Journal of Business Ethics in Developing Economies

12. International Journal of Business Analytics and Intelligence

13. International Journal on Customer Relations

14. International Journal of Banking, Risk and Insurance

15. International Journal of Knowledge Management and Practices

16. International Journal on Leadership

17. Journal of Rural and Industrial Development

18. Telecom Business Review

19. International Journal of Distributed and Cloud Computing

20. Journal of Network and Information Security

21. International Journal of System and Software Engineering

22. Journal of Applied Information Science

23. International Journal of Knowledge Based Computer Systems

24. Journal of IMS Group

25. International Journal of Emerging Trends in Science and Technology

26. Journal of Scientific and Technical Research

27. International Journal of Research in Signal Processing, Computing & Communication System

Design

28. International Journal of Applied Marketing and Management

29. KIIT Journal of Library and Information Management

30. KIMI Hospitality Research Journal

31. Technology Spectrum Review

32. AVAHAN: A Journal on Hospitality and Tourism

33. Rungta International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology

34. Rungta International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

35. Rungta International Journal of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering

36. Rungta International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering

37. XIBA Business Review

38. ANWESH: International Journal of Management & Information Technology

39. International Journal of Information Studies and Libraries

40. International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research

41. Optimization: Journal of Research in Management

1.1 Introduction:

The emergence of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) has emerged

as a powerful tools to integrate the enterprise, in an effective and

economical manner. ERP reorganizing the existing systems and enhancing

their strength in easier way for better information flow control. Enterprise

Resource Planning (ERP) is an extremely powerful tool, which provides a

seamless information system to support the various functional business

modules of an enterprise. Most organizations are turning to the available

ERP packages for solution to their information management problems.

ERP packages if chosen correctly, implemented judiciously dramatically.

But many companies fail in this regard because to their inability to choose

the right product,' incompetent and haphazard implementation, and

inefficient or ineffective usage. The need of the hour is building up

effective business management systems to suit to the dynamic

environment of the future markets. One can always rope in computers as

a means of sustaining the competitive advantage in integrating different

branches in an enterprise. But, it is common knowledge that heavy

investments in technology have quite often resulted in disappointing

results. Hence, it is imperative between spending more on systems and

spending effectively with a plan.

. ERPs, or enterprise resource planning applications, are software

packages that affect everything from order capture to accounting and

procurement to warehousing. They grew out to the need to plan, manage,

and account for resources in predominately discreet manufacturing

environments. In recent years, there functionally has grown in both

breadth and depth. As companies integrate business units through

consolidation, shared services, or global operation, their information

technology's ability to support these changes is often stretched. But

because of the ERP applications' broad functionality, a company typically

can replace much of their legacy systems with ERPs, providing better

support for these new business structures and strategies.

Enterprise Resource Planning providing a comprehensive coverage

of the ERP market as well as the different ERP modules such as - Finance,

Sales and distribution, Manufacturing, Human Resources, Plant

maintenance, Quality Management and materials management. ERP, the

electrifying integration concept, is a useful paradigm in streamlining

enterprise for improved performance and best result. ERP is an integrated

planning and control approach embracing customers, suppliers, and

enterprise activities in line with the value chain to be able to implement

ERP packages. The ERP packages available in the market are a plenty and

atleast more than half dozen ERP solution have become popular in the

global market. The-most used packages include SAP, People Soft, BAAN,

Oracle applications, Avion, JD Edwards, MFG/PRD, Marshal, RSA,

Microsoft, BEA, QAD are all trying tap to growth in India. Even smaller

vendors are setting up sales and marketing office and expanding their

implementation porters in the country. Everybody seems to be in a

marketing and expansion mode contrary to trends in the public sector

enterprise worldwide. Mani Bhardwaj, Deloitte Touche Tomahatsu says " I

see potential for ERP implementation in the mid-market companies. Who

are in the turnover range of Rs. 100-500 crores. I also see potential for
ERP implementation in service companies, who are looking for systems

that can help them in taking decision to meet their objectives." But the

intense competition to grab this growth is leading to pricing pressure and

new , forms of licensing policies. Bhardwaj says, "I see prices falling,

falling; falling.... Big ERP vendors like SAP, Oracle and People soft have

been'known to other inhered of discounts to get their prices in the range

of the smaller ERP vendors. Also, the licensing policy is tilting towards

more of 'named' - form 'concurrent' user-and towards all modules pricing

- from modular pricing." Take the largest ERP vendor in the world -

German company SAP that has a dominant market share among large

enterprises in India too. Implementation of these software packages in

any organization requires meticulous planning and commitment as well as

considerable investment. Implementation cannot be done within the

industry by their personnel in isolation, without any help from outside

consultants. Implementation involves higher investments and tighter

schedules and it needs to be completed efficiency and effectively

according to the set plan. Professional involved in the implementation

process have to be diligent, efficient and effective. A consultant in the

process has to undertake business analysis, guide the planning and

control, review and monitor the plan consistently, work as a catalyst and

motivator, and synergies the team. The, training a professional to

shoulder these responsibilities is one of the key activities before the

implementation. The role of the ERP training institutes lies basically in

facilitating the industry in cutting down their costs and time schedules in
implementation of packages trained professionals with their functional and

programming backgrounds.

The entry-level eligibility of an ERP consultant in thus his or her

functional or programming expertise. To be a consultant one must

possess a professional degree with considerable experience in his or her

respective field. To become a competitive ERP consultant in the global

market, one has to develop the skills in the areas of conceptual ability,

knowledge of enterprise, knowledge of current business processes, IT

awareness, decision making, sincere and hardworking, stress handling,

coordination, motivation, personality development, project management

skill and good communication skills. Since ERP implementation involves

considerable investments, it has become a lucrative area for those who

want to pursue their career.

ERP applications such as SAP, People Soft, Oracle, Baan, JD

Edwards, and other are "pre-coded", so companies don't have to design

custom applications or spend a lot of time and dollars to make older

applications Y2K ready. But-and there always is a "but"-these packages

are not as easy to implement as you might think and the software

company's marketing materials might suggest. Problems arise because

ERP developers make assumptions about management philosophy and

business practices during the development effort. A company that

implements an ERP must, for the most part, accept these assumptions

and often must change its existing processes and procedures to confirm

to them. That's why it is in the implementation of these packaged

systems that most of the headaches arise. But careful planning will

reduce he level of pain suffered.

ERP is one good thing that can happen to business enterprises and

harnessing information technology is at core of the whole exercise.

Though the Indian business houses appear to be slow in catching up with

ERP solutions, implementing ERP solutions has become a buzzword with

the medium and large-scale enterprise in all the advanced countries. The

business houses in the US, Europe and East Asia require thousands, if not

lakhs, of ERP professionals to undertake the job of implementation

earnestly billions of dollars.

Large number of Public Enterprises and Professionals who want to

change their future growth and career and looking for challenging and

competitive job with a broader perspective, Job satisfaction and

commensurate remuneration, ERP has become the right choice. With the

availability of highly skilled, manpower resources and training facilities,

India is seen as an important source for ERP professionals by the global

market. This image, quite a few aspirants are entering the field and a

number of institutes are coming up to cater to their needs. However, ERP

is not for all. It is for those who are competent and comfortable with IT. It

is for those who have good conceptual understanding in their respective

fields.

1.2 Objective of the study:

The emergence of ERP is one good thing that may happen to

business and harnessing information technology. The business houses in

India appear to be slow in catching-up with the application of ERP

solutions has become a buzzword with the medium and large-scale

enterprise like ONGC. The main objective of the study is to examine the

enterprise application in public sector enterprise particularly related, to the

ONGC, Dehradun. Some of the important objectives are as follows:

• To analysis of the various aspects and stages in ERP

implementation;

• To make a comparison between the traditional approach earlier

adopted for information sharing are modern approach i.e. ERP

software;

• To examine the overall cost incurred in ERP implementation;

• Strategies for successful ERP functioning;

’ • Role of ERP in overall organisation transformation.

• To what extent further change is required for implementation

of ERP in ONGC.

1.2 Scope & Research Methodology:

The present study is .mainly based on the primary data, which in

collected through questionnaire. The secondary data is collected from the

Data Survey of Public Sector Enterprises and study of different

department and business groups of ONGC, Dehradun. The other

information is collected from Management Development Institute,

Gurgaon; Institute of Management Development, ONGC, Dehradun;

Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi; Technical Business Group Library,

ONGC, Dehradun.
The scope of the ERP has a long history. From the beginning, the

main object of every business organisation is to earn maximum profit.

They made every possible effort to reduce the cost and increase the

maximum profit. Now a days an ERP solution for the PSEs help in overall

organisation transformation, it help in managing operation with integrated

t planning, scheduling, procurement, manufacturing, inventory, sales and

transportation system, cost effective product management and movement

for bulk and packed products. It also cover he various area such as

Financial Accounting Treasury Management, Enterprise controlling, Assets

Management in Financial area, Production planning, Material

Management, Plant maintenance, Quality Management, Project Systems,

Sales and Distribution in logistics area and personnel Management

Training & Development, Skills Inventory etc. in human resources etc.