3 Series20 Protection PDF

Protection functions Contents
Setting ranges 3/2

Phase overcurrent 3/4
Earth fault 3/6
Negative sequence / unbalance 3/8
Thermal overload 3/10
Phase overcurrent 3/19
Excessive starting time,
locked rotor 3/20
Starts per hour 3/21
Positive sequence undervoltage and phase rotation
direction check 3/22
Phase-to-phase undervoltage 3/23
Phase-to-neutral undervoltage 3/24
Remanent undervoltage 3/25
Phase-to-phase overvoltage 3/26
Neutral voltage displacement 3/27
Underfrequency 3/28
Overfrequency 3/29
Rate of change of frequency 3/30
Recloser 3/31
Temperature monitoring 3/33
General:
IDMT protection functions 3/34
Schneider Electric 3/1

Protection functions Setting ranges
General settings Selection Range

Rated phase current In (sensor primary 2 or 3 x 1 A / 5 A CTs 1 A to 6250 A
current)
3 LPCT sensors 25 A to 3150 A
Basic current Ib 0.4 to 1.3 In
Residual current Ino sum of 3 phase currents see rated phase current In
CSH120 or CSH200 core balance CT 2 A rating or 20 A rating
1 A / 5 A CT + CSH30 interposing ring CT 1 A to 6250 A (CT primary)
6 6
core balance CT + ACE990 (the core bal. CT according to current to be monitored and use of ACE990
ratio 1/n should be such that: 50 n 1500)
Rated primary phase-to-phase voltage Unp 220 V to 250 kV
(Vnp: Rated primary phase-to-neutral voltage:
Vnp = Unp/3)
Rated secondary phase-to-phase voltage Uns 3 VTs: V1, V2, V3 100, 110, 115, 120,
200, 230 V
2 VTs: U21, U32 100, 110, 115, 120 V
1 VT: U21 100, 110, 115, 120 V
Frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz
Functions Settings Time delays
Phase overcurrent
Tripping curve Timer hold delay
Definite time DT
SIT, LTI, VIT, EIT, UIT (1) DT
RI DT
IEC: SIT/A, LTI/B, VIT/B, EIT/C DT or IDMT
IEEE: MI (D), VI (E), EI (F) DT or IDMT
IAC: I, VI, EI DT or IDMT
Is set point 0.1 to 24 In Definite time Inst. 0.05 s to 300 s
0.1 to 2.4 In IDMT 0.1 s to 12.5 s at 10 Is
Timer hold delay Definite time (DT; timer hold) Inst. 0.05 s to 300 s
IDMT (IDMT; reset time) 0.5 s to 20 s
Earth fault
Tripping curve Time hold delay
Definite time DT
SIT, LTI, VIT, EIT, UIT (1) DT
RI DT
IEC: SIT/A,LTI/B, VIT/B, EIT/C DT or IDMT
IEEE: MI (D), VI (E), EI (F) DT or IDMT
IAC: I, VI, EI DT or IDMT
Iso set point 0.1 to 15 Ino Definite time Inst. 0.05 s to 300 s
0.1 to 1 Ino IDMT 0.1 s to 12.5 s at 10 Iso
Timer hold delay Definite time (DT; timer hold) Inst. 0.05 s to 300 s
IDMT (IDMT; reset time) 0.5 s to 300 s
Negative sequence / unbalance
Definite time 0.1 to 5 Ib 0.1 s to 300 s
IDMT 0.1 to 0.5 Ib (Schneider Electric) 0.1 to 1Ib (IEC, IEEE) 0.1 s to 1 s
Thermal overload Operating rate 1 Operating rate 2
Negative sequence coefficient 0 - 2.25 - 4.5 - 9
Time constant Heat rise T1: 5 to 120 mn T1: 5 to 120 mn
Cooling T2: 5 to 600 mn T2: 5 to 600 mn
Alarm; tripping 50 to 300 % of normal heat rise
Cold curve modification coefficient 0 to 100 %
Operating rate change condition By Is set point adjustable from 0.25 to 8 Ib (motor)
By logic input I26 (transformer)
Maximum equipment temperature 60 to 200 °C
Phase undercurrent
0.15 to 1 Ib 0.05 s to 300 s
Excessive starting time/locked rotor
0.5 Ib to 5 Ib ST start time 0.5 s to 300 s
LT and LTS time delay 0.05 s to 300 s
3/2 Schneider Electric

Protection functions Setting ranges
Functions Settings Time delays

Starts per hour
1 to 60 per hour hour 1 to 6 h
1 to 60 consecutive time between starts 0 to 90 mn
Temperature (RTDs)
0 to 180 °C (or 32 to 356 °F)

Positive sequence undervoltage
30 to 100 % of Vnp (Unp/ ) 0.05 s to 300 s
Remanent undervoltage
5 to 100 % of Unp 0.05 s to 300 s
Phase-to-phase undervoltage
5 to 100 % of Unp 0.05 s to 300 s
Phase-to-neutral undervoltage
5 to 100 % of Vnp 0.05 s to 300 s
Phase-to-phase overvoltage
50 to 150 % of Unp 0.05 s to 300 s
Neutral voltage displacement
2 to 80 % of Unp 0.05 s to 300 s
Overfrequency
50 to 53 Hz or 60 to 63 Hz 0.1 s to 300 s
Underfrequency
Set point 1 and set point 2 45 to 50 Hz or 55 to 60 Hz 0.1 s to 300 s
Rate of change of frequency
0.1 to 10 Hz/s Inst. 0.15 s to 300 s
Reminder: In current, Unp rated voltage and Ino current are general settings that are made at the time of Sepam commissioning.
They are given as the values on the measurement transformer primary windings.
The current, voltage and frequency values are set by direct entry of the values (resolution: 1 A, 1 V, 0.1 Hz, 1 °C or F).
(1) tripping as of 1.2 Is.
(2) table of In values in Amps: 25, 50, 100, 125, 133, 200, 250, 320, 400, 500, 630, 666, 1000, 1600, 2000, 3150.

Protection functions Phase overcurrent
ANSI code 50/51
Description The Is setting is the vertical asymptote of the curve, and T is the operation time delay
The phase overcurrent function comprises for 10 Is.
4 independant elements divided into two groups The tripping time for I/Is values of less than 1.2 depends on the type of curve chosen.
of 2 elements called Group A and Group B respectively.
The use of the two groups may be chosen by Name of curve Type
parameter setting: Standard inverse time (SIT) 1.2
# operation with Group A or Group B exclusively, with Very inverse time (VIT or LTI) 1.2
switching from one group to the other dependent on the
Extremely inverse time (EIT) 1.2
state of logic input I13 exclusively, or by remote control
(TC3, TC4), Ultra inverse time (UIT) 1.2
I13 = 0 group A RI curve 1
l13 = 1 group B IEC standard inverse time SIT / A 1
# operation with Group A and Group B active for 4-set IEC very inverse time VIT or LTI / B 1
point operation, IEC extremely inverse time EIT / C 1
# enabling/disabling of each group of 2 elements IEEE moderately inverse (IEC / D) 1
(A, B).
IEEE very inverse (IEC / E) 1
Operation IEEE extremely inverse (IEC / F) 1
The phase overcurrent protection function is three-pole. IAC inverse 1
It picks up if one, two or three of the phase currents reach IAC very inverse 1
the operation set point. IAC extremely inverse 1
It is time-delayed. The time delay may be definite time The curve equations are given in the chapter entitled "IDMT protection functions".
(DT) or IDMT according to the curves opposite.
Definite time protection The function takes into account current variations during the time delay interval.
Is is the operation set point expressed in Amps, and T For currents with a very large amplitude, the protection function has a definite time
is the protection operation time delay. characteristic:
t # if I > 20 Is, tripping time is the time that corresponds to 20 Is
# if I > 40 In, tripping time is the time that corresponds to 40 In.
MT10533
(In: current transformer rated current defined when the general settings are made).
Block diagram
T
MT10856
Is I
Definite time protection principle.
Timer hold delay
IDMT protection The function includes an adjustable timer hold delay T1:
IDMT protection operates in accordance with the # definite time (timer hold) for all the tripping curves.
IEC (60255-3), BS 142 and IEEE (C-37112) standards.
I > Is time-delayed output
MT10541
type 1
t
MT10903
type 1.2
I > Is pick-up signal
T T tripping
value of internal
time delay
counter
1 1.2 10 20 I/Is
IDMT protection principle.
T1 T1
T1

ANSI code 50/51
# IDMT for IEC, IEEE and IAC curves.

I > Is time-delayed output
MT10527
I > Is pick-up signal
T tripping
value of internal
time delay
counter
T1
Characteristics
Tripping curve
Setting Definite time,
IDMT: chosen according to list on page 4
6 6
Is set point
6 6
Setting Definite time 0.1 In Is 24 In expressed in Amps
IDMT 0.1 In Is 2.4 In expressed in Amps
Resolution 1 A or 1 digit
Accuracy (1) ±5%
drop out/pick-up ratio 93.5 % ± 5 % (with min. reset variance of
0.015 In)
6 6
Time delay T (operation time at 10 Is)
6 6
Setting Definite time inst. 50 ms T 300 s
IDMT 100 ms T 12.5 s or TMS (2)
Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
Accuracy (1) Definite time ± 2 % or from -10 ms to +25 ms
IDMT Class 5 or from -10 ms to +25 ms
Timer hold delay T1
Definite time (timer hold) 0; 0.05 to 300 s
IDMT (reset time) (3) 0.5 to 20 s
Characteristic times
Operation time pick-up < 35 ms at 2 Is (typically 25 ms)
inst. < 50 ms at 2 Is (confirmed instantaneous)
(typically 35 ms)
Overshoot time < 35 ms
Reset time < 50 ms (for T1 = 0)
(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6).
(2) setting ranges in TMS (Time Multiplier Setting) mode
Inverse (SIT) and IEC SIT/A: 0.04 to 4.20
Very inverse (VIT) and IEC VIT/B: 0.07 to 8.33
Very inverse (LTI) and IEC LTI/B: 0.01 to 0.93
Ext inverse (EIT) and IEC EIT/C: 0.13 to 15.47
IEEE moderately inverse: 0.42 to 51.86
IEEE very inverse: 0.73 to 90.57
IEEE extremely inverse: 1.24 to 154.32
IAC inverse: 0.34 to 42.08
IAC very inverse: 0.61 to 75.75
IAC extremely inverse: 1.08 to 134.4
(3) only for standardized tripping curves of the IEC, IEEE and IAC types.

Protection functions Earth fault
ANSI code 50/51 or 50G/51G
Description The Iso setting is the vertical asymptote of the curve, and T is the operation time
The earth fault function comprises 4 independant delay for 10 Iso.
elements divided into two groups of 2 settings called The tripping time for Io/Iso values of less than 1.2 depends on the type of curve
Group A and Group B respectively. chosen.
The use of the two elements may be chosen by
parameter setting: Name of curve Type
# operation with Group A or Group B exclusively, with Standard inverse time (SIT) 1.2
switching from one group to the other dependent on the Very inverse time (VIT or LTI) 1.2
state of logic input I13 exclusively, or by remote control
Extremely inverse time (EIT) 1.2
(TC3, TC4),
I13 = 0 group A Ultra inverse time (UIT) 1.2
I13 = 1 group B RI curve 1
# operation with Group A and Group B active for 4-set IEC standard inverse time SIT / A 1
point operation IEC very inverse time VIT or LTI / B 1
# enabling/disabling of each group of 2 elements IEC extremely inverse time EIT / C 1
(A, B). IEEE moderately inverse (IEC / D) 1
Operation IEEE very inverse (IEC / E) 1
The earth fault protection function is single-pole. IEEE extremely inverse (IEC / F) 1
It picks up if the earth fault current reaches the IAC inverse 1
operation set point. IAC very inverse 1
It is time-delayed. The time delay may be definite time IAC extremely inverse 1
(DT) or IDMT according to the curves opposite. The curve equations are given in the chapter entitled "IDMT protection functions".
The protection function includes harmonic 2 restraint
which provides greater stability when transformers are
The function takes into account current variations during the time delay interval.
energized (measurement of residual current by the sum
For currents with a very large amplitude, the protection function has a definite time
of the 3 phase CTs).
characteristic:
The restraint disables tripping, regardless of the
# if Io > 20 Iso, tripping time is the time that corresponds to 20 Iso
fundamental current.
# if Io > 15 Ino (1), tripping time is the time that corresponds to 15 Ino.
The restraint may be inhibited by parameter setting.
Definite time protection
Iso is the operation set point expressed in Amps, and T Block diagram
is the protection operation time delay. I1
I2 "pick-up" signal and
MT10535
t I3 to logic discrimination
MT10534
t 0
Io > Iso time-delayed
output
CSH core bal. CT
CT + CSH30
H2
T core bal. + ACE990
Timer hold delay

Iso Io
The function includes an adjustable timer hold delay T1:
# definite time (timer hold) for all the tripping curves
Definite time protection principle.
MT10547
Io > Iso time-delayed output
IDMT protection
IDMT protection operates in accordance with the
IEC (60255-3), BS 142 and IEEE (C-37112) standards. Io > Iso pick-up signal
type 1
t
MT10544
type 1.2
T tripping
value of internal
time delay
counter
T1 T1
T1
1 1.2 10 20 Io/Iso

Protection functions Earth fault
ANSI code 50N/51N or 50G/51G
# IDMT for IEC, IEEE and IAC curves.

Io > Iso time-delayed output
MT10532
Io > Iso pick-up signal
T tripping
value of internal
time delay
counter
T1
Characteristics
Tripping curvet
Setting Definite time,
IDMT: chosen according to list page 6
6 6
Iso set point
6 6
Definite time setting 0.1 Ino Iso 15 Ino expressed in Amps
Sum of CTs (1) 0.1 Ino Iso 15 Ino
With CSH sensor
2 A rating 0.2 A to 30 A
6 6
20 A rating 2 A to 300 A
CT + CSH30 0.1 Ino Iso 15 Ino (min. 0.1 A)
Core balance CT
6 6
with ACE990 0.1 Ino < Iso < 15 Ino
6 6
IDMT time setting 0.1 Ino Iso Ino (1) expressed in Amps
Sum of CTs (1) 0.1 Ino Iso Ino
With CSH sensor
2 A rating 0.2 A to 2 A
6 6
20 A rating 2 A to 20 A
CT + CSH30 0.1 Ino Iso Ino (min. 0.1 A)
6 6
Core balance CT
with ACE990 0.1 Ino Iso Ino
Resolution 0.1 A or 1 digit
Accuracy (2) ±5%
Drop out/pick-up ratio 93.5 % ± 5 % for Iso > 0.1 Ino
Harmonic 2 restraint
Fixed threshold 17 %
6 6
(1) Ino = In if the sum of the three phase currents is used for the Time delay T (operation time at 10 Iso)
6 6
measurement. Setting Definite time inst. 50 ms T 300 s
Ino = sensor rating if the measurement is taken by a CSH core
IDMT (3) 100 ms T 12.5 s or TMS (3)
balance CT.
Ino = In of the CT at In/10 according to parameter setting if the Resolution 10 ms or 1 digit
measurement is taken by a 1 A or 5 A current transformer. Accuracy (2) Definite time ± 2 % or from -10 ms to +25 ms
(2) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6) IDMT class 5 or from -10 ms to +25 ms
(3) setting ranges in TMS (Time Multiplier Setting) mode
Timer hold delay T1
Inverse (SIT) and IECIEC SIT/A: 0.04 to 4.20
Very inverse (VIT) and IEC VIT/B: 0.07 to 8.33 Definite time
Very inverse (LTI) and IEC LTI/B:0.01 to 0.93 (timer hold) 0; 0.05 to 300 s
Ext inverse (EIT) and IEC EIT/C: 0.13 to 15.47 IDMT (4) 0.5 to 300 s
IEEE moderately inverse: 0.42 to 51.86
IEEE very inverse: 0.73 to 90.57
IEEE extremely inverse: 1.24 to 154.32 Operation time pick-up < 35 ms at 2 Iso (typically 25 ms)
IAC inverse: 0.34 to 42.08 inst. < 50 ms at 2 Iso (confirmed instantaneous)
IAC very inverse: 0.61 to 75.75 (typically 35 ms)
IAC extremely inverse: 1.08 to 134.4
(4) only for standardized tripping curves of the IEC, IEEE and
IAC types. Reset time < 40 ms (for T1 = 0)

Protection functions Negative sequence / unbalance
ANSI code 46
Operation The tripping curve is defined according to the following equations:

The negative sequence / unbalance protection # for Is/Ib 6 Ii/Ib 6 0,.
function: 3,19
# picks up if the negative sequence component of t = -------------------
-. T
( li/lb )
1,5
phase currents is greater than the operation set point
# it is time-delayed. The time delay may be definite
time or IDMT (see curve). # for 0.5 6 Ii/Ib 6 5
The negative sequence current is determined 4,64
according to the 3 phase currents. t = ----------------------. T
( li/lb )
0,96
1
li = --- x (l1 + a l2 + a l3 )
2
3 # for Ii/Ib > 5

t=T
2π
j -------
with a = e 3
Block diagram
If Sepam is connected to 2 phase current sensors only,
the negative sequence current is: I1
MT10536
t 0
1 I2 Ii > Is time-delayed
li = ------- x (l1 - a 2 l3 ) output
3 I3
2π “pick-up”
j -------
with a = e 3 signal
Both formulas are equivalent when there is no zero

sequence current (earth fault).
Definite time protection
Is is the operation set point expressed in Amps, and T
is the protection operation time delay.
t Characteristics
MT10550
Curve
Setting Definite, IDMT
6 6
Is set point
6 6
Setting Definite time 10 % Ib Is 500 % Ib
IDMT 10 % Ib Is 50 % Ib
T
Resolution 1%
Accuracy (1) ±5%
6 6
Time delay T (operation time at 5 Ib)
6 6
Is Ii Setting Definite time 100 ms T 300 s
Definite time protection principle. IDMT 100 ms T 1 s
Resolution 10 ms ou 1 digit
IDMT protection Accuracy (1) Definite time ± 2 % or ± 25 ms
For Ii > Is, the time delay depends on the value of Ii/Ib IDMT ± 5 % or ± 35 ms
(Ib: basis current of the protected equipment defined Pick-up/drop-out ratio 93.5 % ± 5 %
when the general parameters are set) Characteristic times
T corresponds to the time delay for Ii/Ib = 5 Operation time pick-up < 55 ms
Reset time < 55 ms
MT10857

Protection functions Negative sequence / unbalance
ANSI code 46
Determination of tripping time for IDMT tripping curve

different negative sequence current t(s)
MT10546
values for a given curve
10000
Use the table to find the value of K that corresponds to
the required negative sequence current. The tripping 5000
time is equal to KT.
Example 2000
given a tripping curve with the setting T = 0.5 s. 1000
What is the tripping time at 0.6 Ib?
Use the table to find the value of K that corresponds to 500
60 % of Ib.
The table reads K = 7.55. The tripping time is equal to: 200
0.5 x 7.55 = 3.755 s.
100
50
20
max. curve (T=1s)
10
0.5
0.2
0,1
0.05 min. curve (T=0,1s)
0.02
0.01
0.005
0.002
0.001 I/Ib
0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 1 2 3 5 7 10 20
li (% lb) 10 15 20 25 30 33.33 35 40 45 50 55 57.7 60 65 70 75

K 99.95 54.50 35.44 25.38 19.32 16.51 15.34 12.56 10.53 9.00 8.21 7.84 7.55 7.00 6.52 6.11
li (% lb) cont’d 80 85 90 95 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210
K cont’d 5.74 5.42 5.13 4.87 4.64 4.24 3.90 3.61 3.37 3.15 2.96 2.80 2.65 2.52 2.40 2.29
li (% lb) cont’d 22. 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370
K cont’d 2.14 2.10 2.01 1.94 1.86 1.80 1.74 1.68 1.627 1.577 1.53 1.485 1.444 1.404 1.367 1.332
li (% lb) cont’d 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 4 500
K cont’d 1.298 1.267 1.236 1.18 1.167 1.154 1.13 1.105 1.082 1.06 1.04 1.02 1

Protection functions Thermal overload
ANSI code 49
Description For self-ventilated rotating machines, cooling is more effective when the machine is
This function is used to protect equipment (motors, running than when it is stopped. Running and stopping of the equipment are
transformers, generators, lines, capacitors) against calculated from the value of the current:
overloads, based on measurement of the current # running if I > 0.1 Ib
consumed. # stopped if I < 0.1 Ib.
Two time constants may be set:
Operation curve
# T1: heat rise time constant: concerns equipment that is running
The protection gives a trip order when the heat rise E,
# T2: cooling time constant: concerns equipment that is stopped.
calculated according to the measurement of an
equivalent current Ieq, is greater than the set point Es.
Accounting for harmonics
The greatest permissible continuous current is
The current measured by the thermal protection is an RMS 3-phase current which
I = Ib Es
takes into account harmonics up to number 17.
The protection tripping time is set by the time
constant T.
# the calculated heat rise depends on the current Accounting for ambient temperature
consumed and the previous heat rise state. Most machines are designed to operate at a maximum ambient temperature of
# the cold curve defines the protection tripping time 40 °C. The thermal overload function takes into account the ambient temperature
based on zero heat rise. (Sepam 1000+ equipped with the temperature sensor option (1)) to increase the
# the hot curve defines the protection tripping time calculated heat rise value when the temperature measured exceeds 40 °C.
based on 100 % nominal heat rise. Tmax – 40 °
Increase factor: fa = -----------------------------------------------------
101 Cold curve Tmax – Tambient
2
 leq
---------
MT10858
in which T max is the machine’s maximum temperature.

100 t  lb 
--- = Log ------------------------------- T ambient is the measured temperature.
T e
 leq
--------- – Es
10-1  lb  Adaptation of the protection to motor thermal withstand
Motor thermal protection is often set based on the hot and cold curves supplied by
10-2 Hot curve the machine manufacturer. To fully comply with these experimental curves, additional
2
 leq
--------- – 1 parameters must be set:
t  lb 
10-3
0 5 10
--- = Log -------------------------------
e
# initial heat rise, Eso, is used to reduce the cold tripping time.
T  leq
--------- – Es  leq
2
 lb  ---------
t  lb  – Eso
modified cold curve: --- = Log -----------------------------------
2
T  leq
--------- – Es
Alarm set point, tripping set point  lb 
Two set points may be set for heat rise:
# Es1: alarm # a second group of parameters (time constants and set points) is used to take into
account thermal withstand with locked rotors. This second set of parameters is taken
# Es2: tripping.
into account when the current is greater than an adjustable set point Is.
Accounting for negative sequence current
“Hot state” set point
In the case of motors with coiled rotors, the presence of a negative sequence
When the function is used to protect a motor, this fixed
component increases the heat rise in the motor. The negative sequence component
set point is designed for detection of the hot state used
of the current is taken into account in the protection by the equation
by the number of starts function.
2 2
leq = lph + K ⋅ li in which Iph is the greatest phase current
Heat rise and cooling time constants Ii is the negative sequence component of
E E the current
1 K is an adjustable factor
MT10419
MT10420
0,63 K may have the following values: 0 - 2.25 - 4.5 - 9

0,36 For an asynchronous motor, K is determined as follows:
0 0 Cd 1
T1 t T2 t K = 2 ⋅ -------- ⋅ 2 – 1 in which Cn, Cd: rated torque and starting torque
Cn
g ⋅  -----
ld Ib, Id: basis current and starting current
 lb
g: rated slip.
Heat rise time constant. Cooling time constant. (1) MET148 module, RTC 8 predefined for ambient temperature measurement.

ANSI code 49
Start inhibit Characteristics

The thermal overload protection can inhibit the closing Set points group A group B
of the motor’s control device until the heat rise drops Setting Es1 alarm set point 50 % to 300 % 50 % to 300 %
back down below a value that allows restarting. Es2 tripping set point 50 % to 300 % 50 % to 300 %
This value takes into account the heat rise produced by Eso initial heat rise 0 to 100 % 0 to 100 %
the motor when starting. Resolution 1% 1%
The inhibition function is grouped together with the
Time constants
starts per hour protection and the indication START
Setting T1 running (heat rise) 1 mn to 120 mn 1 mn to 120 mn
INHIBIT informs the user.
T2 stopped (cooling) 5 mn to 600 mn 5 mn to 600 mn
Saving of heat rise Resolution 1 mn 1 mn
When the protection trips, the current heat rise, Accounting for negative sequence component
increased by 10 % (1), is saved. The saved value is reset Setting K 0 – 2.25 – 4.5 – 9
to zero when the heat rise decreases sufficiently for the Maximum equipment temperature (insulation class)
time before starting to be zero. The saved value is used
Setting T max 60° to 200°
when the power returns after a Sepam power failure, so
Resolution 1°
as to start up again with the heat rise that triggered
Tripping time
tripping.
Accuracy (1) 2%
(1) Increasing by 10 % makes it possible to take into account the
average heat rise of motors when starting. Change of setting parameters
By current threshold for motor
Inhibition of tripping Is set point 0.25 to 8 Ib
Tripping of the thermal overload protection may be By digital input for transformer
inhibited by logic input I26 (according to parameter Input I26
setting) when required by the process. (1) In reference conditions (CEI 60255-8).
Accounting for two operating rates
A power transformer often has two operating modes
(e.g. ONAN and ONAF).
The two groups of parameters in the thermal overload
protection take into account these two operating modes.
Switching from one mode to the other is controlled by a
logic input I26 (according to parameter setting).
It is done without losing the heat rise value.
User information
The following information is available for the user:
# time before restart enabled (in case of inhibition of
starting)
# time before tripping (with constant current)
# heat rise.
See chapter "Machine operation assistance functions".
Block diagram
input I26
selection
MT10421
of parameter
leq > Is group
Es1
Is Es2
T
K
Eso
I ph heat rise : E > Es1
calculation
2 alarm
of equivalent leq . t ∆t
I inverse leq Ek = Ek-1 + - Ek-1. indication
current Ib T T
fa
T max E > Es2

&
ambient correction tripping
temperature input I26
by ambient indication
temperature
inhibit start
inhibit
closing
indication

ANSI code 49
Setting examples
Example 1 For an overload of 2 Ib, the value t/T1 = 0.0339 (2) is obtained.
The following data are available: In order for Sepam to trip at the point 1 (t = 70 s), T1 is equal to 2065 sec ≈ 34 min.
# time constants for on operation T1 and off operation With a setting of T1 = 34 min, the tripping time is obtained based on a cold state (point
T2: 2). In this case, it is equal to t/T1 = 0.3216êÃ Ãêt 665 sec, i.e. ≈ 11 min, which is
5 T1 = 25 min compatible with the thermal resistance of the motor when cold.
5 T2 = 70 min The negative sequence factor is calculated using the equation defined on page 34.
# maximum curve in steady state: Imax/Ib = 1.05. The parameters of the second thermal overload relay do not need to be set.
They are not taken into account by default.
Setting of tripping set point Es2
Es2 = (Imax/Ib)2 = 110 % Example 3
Please note: if the motor absorbs a current of 1.05 Ib in The following data are available:
steady state, the heat rise calculated by the thermal # motor thermal resistance in the form of hot and cold curves (see solid line curves
overload protection will reach 110 %. in Figure 1),
Setting of alarm set point Es1 # cooling time constant T2
Es1 = 90 % (I/Ib = 0.95). # maximum steady state current: Imax/Ib = 1.1.
Knegative: 4.5 (usual value) Setting of tripping set point Es2
The other thermal overload parameters do not need to Es2 = (Imax/Ib)2 = 120 %
be set. They are not taken into account by default.
Setting of alarm set point Es1
Example 2 Es1 = 90 % (I/Ib = 0.95).
The following data are available: The time constant T1 is calculated so that the thermal overload protection trips after
# motor thermal resistance in the form of hot and cold 100 s (point 1).
curves (see solid line curves in Figure 1) With t/T1 = 0.069 (I/Ib = 2 and Es2 = 120 %):
# cooling time constant T2 ⇒ T1 = 100s / 0.069 = 1449 sec ≈ 24 min.
# maximum steady state current: Imax/Ib = 1.05. The tripping time starting from the cold state is equal to:
Setting of tripping set point Es2
t/T1 = 0.3567 Ãê t = 24 min 0.3567 = 513 s (point 2’).
This tripping time is too long since the limit for this overload current is 400 s (point 2).
Es2 = (Imax/Ib)2 = 110 %
If the time constant T1 is lowered, the thermal overload protection will trip earlier,
Setting of alarm set point Es1: below point 2.
Es1 = 90 % (I/Ib = 0.95). There risk that motor starting when hot will not be possible also exists in this case
The manufacturer’s hot/cold curves (1) may be used to (see Figure 2 in which a lower Sepam hot curve would intersect the starting curve
determine the heating time constant T1. with U = 0.9 Un).
The Es0 parameter is a setting that is used to solve these differences by lowering
Figure 1: motor thermal resistance and thermal the Sepam cold curve without moving the hot curve.
overload tripping curves In this example, the thermal overload protection should trip after 400 s starting from
the cold state.
The following equation is used to obtain the Es0 value:
MT10860
motor cold curve

t ne cess ary
2 ---------------------- 2
Sepam cold curve l processed T
Eso = -------------------- – e 1 . l-------------------
processed – Es2
-
lb l
time before tripping/s
665 motor hot curve b

2
with:
Sepam hot curve t necessary : tripping time necessary starting from a cold state.
70 1 I processed : equipment current.
(1) When the machine manufacturer provides both a time constant T1 and the machine hot/cold
curves, the use of the curves is recommended since they are more accurate.
(2) The charts containing the numerical values of the Sepam hot curve may be used, or else
the equation of the curve which is given on page 10.
1.05 2 I/Ib

ANSI code 49
Setting examples
In numerical values, the following is obtained: Use of the additional setting group
400 sec When a motor rotor is locked or is turning very slowly, its thermal behavior is different

Eso = 4 – e 24∗ 60sec = 0.3035 ≈ 31% from that with the rated load. In such conditions, the motor is damaged by
overheating of the rotor or stator. For high power motors, rotor overheating is most
By setting Es0 = 31 %, point 2’ is moved downward to often a limiting factor.
obtain a shorter tripping time that is compatible with the The thermal overload parameters chosen for operation with a low overload are no
motor’s thermal resistance when cold (see Figure 3). longer valid.
Please note: A setting Es0 = 100 % therefore means In order to protect the motor in this case, “excessive starting time” protection may be
that the hot and cold curves are the same. used.
Nevertheless, motor manufacturers provide the thermal resistance curves when the
Figure 2: hot/cold curves not compatible with the rotor is locked, for different voltages at the time of starting.
motor’s thermal resistance
Figure 4: Locked rotor thermal resistance
Sepam cold curve motor running locked rotor
MT10861
MT10863
513 2’
motor cold curve
400 2
motor hot curve
times / s
1
100 1 Sepam hot curve
3
2
starting at Un
starting at 0.9 Un
1.05 2 I/Ib 4 5 6
1.1 2 Is I/Ib
Figure 3: hot/cold curves compatible with the ➀: thermal resistance, motor running
motor’s thermal resistance via the setting of an ➁: thermal resistance, motor stopped
initial heat rise Es0
➂: Sepam tripping curve
➃: starting at 65 % Un
➄: starting at 80 % Un
➅: starting at 100 % Un
MT10862
adjusted Sepam
cold curve In order to take these curves into account, the second thermal overload relay may be
motor cold curve used.
The time constant in this case is, in theory, the shortest one: however, it should not
400 be determined in the same way as that of the first relay.
2
motor hot curve
The thermal overload protection switches between the first and second relay if the
equivalent current Ieq exceeds the Is value (set point current).
100
1 Sepam hot curve
starting at Un
starting at 0.9 Un
1.1 2 I/Ib

ANSI code 49
Setting examples
Cold curves for Eso = 0

l/Ib 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80
Es (%)
50 0.6931 0.6042 0.5331 0.4749 0.4265 0.3857 0.3508 0.3207 0.2945 0.2716 0.2513 0.2333 0.2173 0.2029 0.1900 0.1782 0.1676
55 0.7985 0.6909 0.6061 0.5376 0.4812 0.4339 0.3937 0.3592 0.3294 0.3033 0.2803 0.2600 0.2419 0.2257 0.2111 0.1980 0.1860
60 0.9163 0.7857 0.6849 0.6046 0.5390 0.4845 0.4386 0.3993 0.3655 0.3360 0.3102 0.2873 0.2671 0.2490 0.2327 0.2181 0.2048
65 1.0498 0.8905 0.7704 0.6763 0.6004 0.5379 0.4855 0.4411 0.4029 0.3698 0.3409 0.3155 0.2929 0.2728 0.2548 0.2386 0.2239
70 1.2040 1.0076 0.8640 0.7535 0.6657 0.5942 0.5348 0.4847 0.4418 0.4049 0.3727 0.3444 0.3194 0.2972 0.2774 0.2595 0.2434
75 1.3863 1.1403 0.9671 0.8373 0.7357 0.6539 0.5866 0.5302 0.4823 0.4412 0.4055 0.3742 0.3467 0.3222 0.3005 0.2809 0.2633
80 1.6094 1.2933 1.0822 0.9287 0.8109 0.7174 0.6413 0.5780 0.5245 0.4788 0.4394 0.4049 0.3747 0.3479 0.3241 0.3028 0.2836
85 1.8971 1.4739 1.2123 1.0292 0.8923 0.7853 0.6991 0.6281 0.5686 0.5180 0.4745 0.4366 0.4035 0.3743 0.3483 0.3251 0.3043
90 2.3026 1.6946 1.3618 1.1411 0.9808 0.8580 0.7605 0.6809 0.6147 0.5587 0.5108 0.4694 0.4332 0.4013 0.3731 0.3480 0.3254
95 1.9782 1.5377 1.2670 1.0780 0,9365 0.8258 0.7366 0.6630 0.6012 0.5486 0.5032 0.4638 0.4292 0.3986 0.3714 0.3470
100 2.3755 1.7513 1.4112 1.1856 1.0217 0.8958 0.7956 0.7138 0.6455 0.5878 0.5383 0.4953 0.4578 0.4247 0.3953 0.3691
105 3.0445 2.0232 1.5796 1.3063 1.1147 0.9710 0.8583 0.7673 0.6920 0.6286 0.5746 0.5279 0,4872 0,4515 0,4199 0,3917
110 2.3979 1.7824 1.4435 1.2174 1.0524 0.9252 0.8238 0.7406 0.6712 0.6122 0.5616 0.5176 0.4790 0.4450 0.4148
115 3.0040 2.0369 1.6025 1.3318 1.1409 0,9970 0.8837 0.7918 0.7156 0.6514 0.5964 0.5489 0.5074 0.4708 0.4384
120 2.3792 1.7918 1.4610 1.2381 1.0742 0.9474 0.8457 0.7621 0.6921 0.6325 0.5812 0.5365 0.4973 0.4626
125 2.9037 2.0254 1.6094 1.3457 1.1580 1.0154 0.9027 0.8109 0.7346 0.6700 0.6146 0.5666 0.5245 0.4874
130 2.3308 1.7838 1.4663 1.2493 1.0885 0.9632 0.8622 0.7789 0.7089 0.6491 0.5975 0.5525 0.5129
135 2.7726 1.9951 1.6035 1.3499 1.1672 1.0275 0.9163 0.8253 0.7494 0.6849 0.6295 0.5813 0.5390
140 2.2634 1.7626 1.4618 1.2528 1.0962 0.9734 0.8740 0.7916 0.7220 0.6625 0.6109 0.5658
145 2.6311 1.9518 1.5877 1.3463 1.1701 1.0341 0.9252 0.8356 0.7606 0.6966 0.6414 0.5934
150 3.2189 2.1855 1.7319 1.4495 1.2498 1.0986 0.9791 0.8817 0.8007 0.7320 0.6729 0.6217
155 2.4908 1.9003 1.5645 1.3364 1.1676 1.0361 0.9301 0.8424 0.7686 0.7055 0.6508
160 2.9327 2.1030 1.6946 1.4313 1.2417 1.0965 0.9808 0.8860 0.8066 0.7391 0.6809
165 2.3576 1.8441 1.5361 1.3218 1.1609 1.0343 0.9316 0.8461 0.7739 0.7118
170 2.6999 2.0200 1.6532 1.4088 1.2296 1.0908 0.9793 0.8873 0.8099 0.7438
175 3.2244 2.2336 1.7858 1.5041 1.3035 1.1507 1.0294 0.9302 0.8473 0.7768
180 2.5055 1.9388 1.6094 1.3832 1.2144 1.0822 0.9751 0.8861 0.8109
185 2.8802 2.1195 1.7272 1.4698 1.2825 1.1379 1.0220 0.9265 0.8463
190 3.4864 2.3401 1.8608 1.5647 1.3555 1.1970 1.0713 0.9687 0.8829
195 2.6237 2.0149 1.6695 1.4343 1.2597 1.1231 1.0126 0.9209
200 3.0210 2.1972 1.7866 1.5198 1.3266 1.1778 1.0586 0.9605

ANSI code 49
Setting examples

I/Ib 1.85 1.90 1.95 2.00 2.20 2.40 2.60 2.80 3.00 3.20 3.40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.40 4.60
Es (%)
50 0.1579 0.1491 0.1410 0.1335 0.1090 0.0908 0.0768 0.0659 0.0572 0.0501 0.0442 0.0393 0.0352 0.0317 0.0288 0.0262 0.0239
55 0.1752 0.1653 0.1562 0.1479 0.1206 0.1004 0.0849 0.0727 0.0631 0.0552 0.0487 0.0434 0.0388 0.0350 0.0317 0.0288 0.0263
60 0.1927 0.1818 0.1717 0.1625 0.1324 0.1100 0.0929 0.0796 0.069 0.0604 0.0533 0.0474 0.0424 0.0382 0.0346 0.0315 0.0288
65 0.2106 0.1985 0.1875 0.1773 0.1442 0.1197 0.1011 0.0865 0.075 0.0656 0.0579 0.0515 0.0461 0.0415 0.0375 0.0342 0.0312
70 0.2288 0.2156 0.2035 0.1924 0.1562 0.1296 0.1093 0.0935 0.081 0.0708 0.0625 0.0555 0.0497 0.0447 0.0405 0.0368 0.0336
75 0.2474 0.2329 0.2197 0.2076 0.1684 0.1395 0.1176 0.1006 0.087 0.0761 0.0671 0.0596 0.0533 0.0480 0.0434 0.0395 0.0361
80 0.2662 0.2505 0.2362 0.2231 0.1807 0.1495 0.1260 0.1076 0.0931 0.0813 0.0717 0.0637 0.0570 0.0513 0.0464 0.0422 0.0385
85 0.2855 0.2685 0.2530 0.2389 0.1931 0.1597 0.1344 0.1148 0.0992 0.0867 0.0764 0.0678 0.0607 0.0546 0.0494 0.0449 0.0410
90 0.3051 0.2868 0.2701 0.2549 0.2057 0.1699 0.1429 0.1219 0.1054 0.092 0.0811 0.0720 0.0644 0.0579 0.0524 0.0476 0.0435
95 0.3251 0.3054 0.2875 0.2712 0.2185 0.1802 0.1514 0.1292 0.1116 0.0974 0.0858 0.0761 0.0681 0.0612 0.0554 0.0503 0.0459
100 0.3456 0.3244 0.3051 0.2877 0.2314 0.1907 0.1601 0.1365 0.1178 0.1028 0.0905 0.0803 0.0718 0.0645 0.0584 0.0530 0.0484
105 0.3664 0.3437 0.3231 0.3045 0.2445 0.2012 0.1688 0.1438 0.1241 0.1082 0.0952 0.0845 0.0755 0.0679 0.0614 0.0558 0.0509
110 0.3877 0.3634 0.3415 0.3216 0.2578 0.2119 0.1776 0.1512 0.1304 0.1136 0.1000 0.0887 0.0792 0.0712 0.0644 0.0585 0.0534
115 0.4095 0.3835 0.3602 0.3390 0.2713 0.2227 0.1865 0.1586 0.1367 0.1191 0.1048 0.0929 0.0830 0.0746 0.0674 0.0612 0.0559
120 0.4317 0.4041 0.3792 0.3567 0.2849 0.2336 0.1954 0.1661 0.1431 0.1246 0.1096 0.0972 0.0868 0.0780 0.0705 0.0640 0.0584
125 0.4545 0.4250 0.3986 0.3747 0.2988 0.2446 0.2045 0.1737 0.1495 0.1302 0.1144 0.1014 0.0905 0.0813 0.0735 0.0667 0.0609
130 0.4778 0.4465 0.4184 0.3930 0.3128 0.2558 0.2136 0.1813 0.156 0.1358 0.1193 0.1057 0.0943 0.0847 0.0766 0.0695 0.0634
135 0.5016 0.4683 0.4386 0.4117 0.3270 0.2671 0.2228 0.1890 0.1625 0.1414 0.1242 0.1100 0.0982 0.0881 0.0796 0.0723 0.0659
140 0.5260 0.4907 0.4591 0.4308 0.3414 0.2785 0.2321 0.1967 0.1691 0.147 0.1291 0.1143 0.1020 0.0916 0.0827 0.0751 0.0685
145 0.5511 0.5136 0.4802 0.4502 0.3561 0.2900 0.2414 0.2045 0.1757 0.1527 0.1340 0.1187 0.1058 0.0950 0.0858 0.0778 0.0710
150 0.5767 0.5370 0.5017 0.4700 0.3709 0.3017 0.2509 0.2124 0.1823 0.1584 0.1390 0.1230 0.1097 0.0984 0.0889 0.0806 0.0735
155 0.6031 0.5610 0.5236 0.4902 0.3860 0.3135 0.2604 0.2203 0.189 0.1641 0.1440 0.1274 0.1136 0.1019 0.0920 0.0834 0.0761
160 0.6302 0.5856 0.5461 0.5108 0.4013 0.3254 0.2701 0.2283 0.1957 0.1699 0.1490 0.1318 0.1174 0.1054 0.0951 0.0863 0.0786
165 0.6580 0.6108 0.5690 0.5319 0.4169 0.3375 0.2798 0.2363 0.2025 0.1757 0.1540 0.1362 0.1213 0.1088 0.0982 0.0891 0.0812
170 0.6866 0.6366 0.5925 0.5534 0.4327 0.3498 0.2897 0.2444 0.2094 0.1815 0.1591 0.1406 0.1253 0.1123 0.1013 0.0919 0.0838
175 0.7161 0.6631 0.6166 0.5754 0.4487 0.3621 0.2996 0.2526 0.2162 0.1874 0.1641 0.1451 0.1292 0.1158 0.1045 0.0947 0.0863
180 0.7464 0.6904 0.6413 0.5978 0.4651 0.3747 0.3096 0.2608 0.2231 0.1933 0.1693 0.1495 0.1331 0.1193 0.1076 0.0976 0.0889
185 0.7777 0.7184 0.6665 0.6208 0.4816 0.3874 0.3197 0.2691 0.2301 0.1993 0.1744 0.1540 0.1371 0.1229 0.1108 0.1004 0.0915
190 0.8100 0.7472 0.6925 0.6444 0.4985 0.4003 0.3300 0.2775 0.2371 0.2052 0.1796 0.1585 0.1411 0.1264 0.1140 0.1033 0.0941
195 0.8434 0.7769 0.7191 0.6685 0.5157 0.4133 0.3403 0.2860 0.2442 0.2113 0.1847 0.1631 0.1451 0.1300 0.1171 0.1062 0.0967
200 0.8780 0.8075 0.7465 0.6931 0.5331 0.4265 0.3508 0.2945 0.2513 0.2173 0.1900 0.1676 0.1491 0.1335 0.1203 0.1090 0.0993

ANSI code 49
Setting examples

I/Ib 4.80 5.00 5.50 6.00 6.50 7.00 7.50 8.00 8.50 9.00 9.50 10.00 12.50 15.00 17.50 20.00
Es (%)
50 0.0219 0.0202 0.0167 0.0140 0.0119 0.0103 0.0089 0.0078 0.0069 0.0062 0.0056 0.0050 0.0032 0.0022 0.0016 0.0013
55 0.0242 0.0222 0.0183 0.0154 0.0131 0.0113 0.0098 0.0086 0.0076 0.0068 0.0061 0.0055 0.0035 0.0024 0.0018 0.0014
60 0.0264 0.0243 0.0200 0.0168 0.0143 0.0123 0.0107 0.0094 0.0083 0.0074 0.0067 0.0060 0.0038 0.0027 0.0020 0.0015
65 0.0286 0.0263 0.0217 0.0182 0.0155 0.0134 0.0116 0.0102 0.0090 0.0081 0.0072 0.0065 0.0042 0.0029 0.0021 0.0016
70 0.0309 0.0284 0.0234 0.0196 0.0167 0.0144 0.0125 0.0110 0.0097 0.0087 0.0078 0.0070 0.0045 0.0031 0.0023 0.0018
75 0.0331 0.0305 0.0251 0.0211 0.0179 0.0154 0.0134 0.0118 0.0104 0.0093 0.0083 0.0075 0.0048 0.0033 0.0025 0.0019
80 0.0353 0.0325 0.0268 0.0225 0.0191 0.0165 0.0143 0.0126 0.0111 0.0099 0.0089 0.0080 0.0051 0.0036 0.0026 0.0020
85 0.0376 0.0346 0.0285 0.0239 0.0203 0.0175 0.0152 0.0134 0.0118 0.0105 0.0095 0.0085 0.0055 0.0038 0.0028 0.0021
90 0.0398 0.0367 0.0302 0.0253 0.0215 0.0185 0.0161 0.0142 0.0125 0.0112 0.0100 0.0090 0.0058 0.0040 0.0029 0.0023
95 0.0421 0.0387 0.0319 0.0267 0.0227 0.0196 0.0170 0.0150 0.0132 0.0118 0.0106 0.0095 0.0061 0.0042 0.0031 0.0024
100 0.0444 0.0408 0.0336 0.0282 0.0240 0.0206 0.0179 0.0157 0.0139 0.0124 0.0111 0.0101 0.0064 0.0045 0.0033 0.0025
105 0.0466 0.0429 0.0353 0.0296 0.0252 0.0217 0.0188 0.0165 0.0146 0.0130 0.0117 0.0106 0.0067 0.0047 0.0034 0.0026
110 0.0489 0.0450 0.0370 0.0310 0.0264 0.0227 0.0197 0.0173 0.0153 0.0137 0.0123 0.0111 0.0071 0.0049 0.0036 0.0028
115 0.0512 0.0471 0.0388 0.0325 0.0276 0.0237 0.0207 0.0181 0.0160 0.0143 0.0128 0.0116 0.0074 0.0051 0.0038 0.0029
120 0.0535 0.0492 0.0405 0.0339 0.0288 0.0248 0.0216 0.0189 0.0167 0.0149 0.0134 0.0121 0.0077 0.0053 0.0039 0.0030
125 0.0558 0.0513 0.0422 0.0353 0.0300 0.0258 0.0225 0.0197 0.0175 0.0156 0.0139 0.0126 0.0080 0.0056 0.0041 0.0031
130 0.0581 0.0534 0.0439 0.0368 0.0313 0.0269 0.0234 0.0205 0.0182 0.0162 0.0145 0.0131 0.0084 0.0058 0.0043 0.0033
135 0.0604 0.0555 0.0457 0.0382 0.0325 0.0279 0.0243 0.0213 0.0189 0.0168 0.0151 0.0136 0.0087 0.0060 0.0044 0.0034
140 0.0627 0.0576 0.0474 0.0397 0.0337 0.0290 0.0252 0.0221 0.0196 0.0174 0.0156 0.0141 0.0090 0.0062 0.0046 0.0035
145 0.0650 0.0598 0.0491 0.0411 0.0349 0.0300 0.0261 0.0229 0.0203 0.0181 0.0162 0.0146 0.0093 0.0065 0.0047 0.0036
150 0.0673 0.0619 0.0509 0.0426 0.0361 0.0311 0.0270 0.0237 0.0210 0.0187 0.0168 0.0151 0.0096 0.0067 0.0049 0.0038
155 0.0696 0.0640 0.0526 0.0440 0.0374 0.0321 0.0279 0.0245 0.0217 0.0193 0.0173 0.0156 0.0100 0.0069 0.0051 0.0039
160 0.0720 0.0661 0.0543 0.0455 0.0386 0.0332 0.0289 0.0253 0.0224 0.0200 0.0179 0.0161 0.0103 0.0071 0.0052 0.0040
165 0.0743 0.0683 0.0561 0.0469 0.0398 0.0343 0.0298 0.0261 0.0231 0.0206 0.0185 0.0166 0.0106 0.0074 0.0054 0.0041
170 0.0766 0.0704 0.0578 0.0484 0.0411 0.0353 0.0307 0.0269 0.0238 0.0212 0.0190 0.0171 0.0109 0.0076 0.0056 0.0043
175 0.0790 0.0726 0.0596 0.0498 0.0423 0.0364 0.0316 0.0277 0.0245 0.0218 0.0196 0.0177 0.0113 0.0078 0.0057 0.0044
180 0.0813 0.0747 0.0613 0.0513 0.0435 0.0374 0.0325 0.0285 0.0252 0.0225 0.0201 0.0182 0.0116 0.0080 0.0059 0.0045
185 0.0837 0.0769 0.0631 0.0528 0.0448 0.0385 0.0334 0.0293 0.0259 0.0231 0.0207 0.0187 0.0119 0.0083 0.0061 0.0046
190 0.0861 0.0790 0.0649 0.0542 0.0460 0.0395 0.0344 0.0301 0.0266 0.0237 0.0213 0.0192 0.0122 0.0085 0.0062 0.0048
195 0.0884 0.0812 0.0666 0.0557 0.0473 0.0406 0.0353 0.0309 0.0274 0.0244 0.0218 0.0197 0.0126 0.0087 0.0064 0.0049
200 0.0908 0.0834 0.0684 0.0572 0.0485 0.0417 0.0362 0.0317 0.0281 0.0250 0.0224 0.0202 0.0129 0.0089 0.0066 0.0050

ANSI code 49
Setting examples
Hot curves for Eso = 0

I/Ib 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 1.60 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80
Es (%)
105 0.6690 0.2719 0.1685 0.1206 0.0931 0.0752 0.0627 0.0535 0.0464 0.0408 0.0363 0.0326 0.0295 0.0268 0.0245 0.0226
110 3.7136 0.6466 0.3712 0.2578 0.1957 0.1566 0.1296 0.1100 0.0951 0.0834 0.0740 0.0662 0.0598 0.0544 0.0497 0.0457
115 1.2528 0.6257 0.4169 0.3102 0.2451 0.2013 0.1699 0.1462 0.1278 0.1131 0.1011 0.0911 0.0827 0.0755 0.0693
120 3.0445 0.9680 0.6061 0.4394 0.3423 0.2786 0.2336 0.2002 0.1744 0.1539 0.1372 0.1234 0.1118 0.1020 0.0935
125 1.4925 0.8398 0.5878 0.4499 0.3623 0.3017 0.2572 0.2231 0.1963 0.1747 0.1568 0.1419 0.1292 0.1183
130 2.6626 1.1451 0.7621 0.5705 0.4537 0.3747 0.3176 0.2744 0.2407 0.2136 0.1914 0.1728 0.1572 0.1438
135 1.5870 0.9734 0.7077 0.5543 0.4535 0.3819 0.3285 0.2871 0.2541 0.2271 0.2048 0.1860 0.1699
140 2.3979 1.2417 0.8668 0.6662 0.5390 0.4507 0.3857 0.3358 0.2963 0.2643 0.2378 0.2156 0.1967
145 1.6094 1.0561 0.7921 0.6325 0.5245 0.4463 0.3869 0.3403 0.3028 0.2719 0.2461 0.2243
150 2.1972 1.2897 0.9362 0.7357 0.6042 0.5108 0.4408 0.3864 0.3429 0.3073 0.2776 0.2526
155 3.8067 1.5950 1.1047 0.8508 0.6909 0.5798 0.4978 0.4347 0.3846 0.3439 0.3102 0.2817
160 2.0369 1.3074 0.9808 0.7857 0.6539 0.5583 0.4855 0.4282 0.3819 0.3438 0.3118
165 2.8478 1.5620 1.1304 0.8905 0.7340 0.6226 0.5390 0.4738 0.4215 0.3786 0.3427
170 1.9042 1.3063 1.0076 0.8210 0.6914 0.5955 0.5215 0.4626 0.4146 0.3747
175 2.4288 1.5198 1.1403 0.9163 0.7652 0.6554 0.5717 0.5055 0.4520 0.4077
180 3.5988 1.7918 1.2933 1.0217 0.8449 0.7191 0.6244 0.5504 0.4908 0.4418
185 2.1665 1.4739 1.1394 0.9316 0.7872 0.6802 0.5974 0.5312 0.4772
190 2.7726 1.6946 1.2730 1.0264 0.8602 0.7392 0.6466 0.5733 0.5138
195 4.5643 1.9782 1.4271 1.1312 0.9390 0.8019 0.6985 0.6173 0.5518
200 2.3755 1.6094 1.2483 1.0245 0.8688 0.7531 0.6633 0.5914
I/Ib 1.85 1.90 1.95 2.00 2.20 2.40 2.60 2.80 3.00 3,20 3,40 3.60 3.80 4.00 4.20 4.40 4.60
Es (%)
105 0.0209 0.0193 0.0180 0.0168 0.0131 0.0106 0.0087 0.0073 0.0063 0.0054 0.0047 0.0042 0.0037 0.0033 0.0030 0.0027 0.0025
110 0.0422 0.0391 0.0363 0.0339 0.0264 0.0212 0.0175 0.0147 0.0126 0.0109 0.0095 0.0084 0.0075 0.0067 0.0060 0.0055 0.0050
115 0.0639 0.0592 0.0550 0.0513 0.0398 0.0320 0.0264 0.0222 0.0189 0.0164 0.0143 0.0126 0.0112 0.0101 0.0091 0.0082 0.0075
120 0.0862 0.0797 0.0740 0.0690 0.0535 0.0429 0.0353 0.0297 0.0253 0.0219 0.0191 0.0169 0.0150 0.0134 0.0121 0.0110 0.0100
125 0.1089 0.1007 0.0934 0.0870 0.0673 0.0540 0.0444 0.0372 0.0317 0.0274 0.0240 0.0211 0.0188 0.0168 0.0151 0.0137 0.0125
130 0.1322 0.1221 0.1132 0.1054 0.0813 0.0651 0.0535 0.0449 0.0382 0.0330 0.0288 0.0254 0.0226 0.0202 0.0182 0.0165 0.0150
135 0.1560 0.1440 0.1334 0.1241 0.0956 0.0764 0.0627 0.0525 0.0447 0.0386 0.0337 0.0297 0.0264 0.0236 0.0213 0.0192 0.0175
140 0.1805 0.1664 0.1540 0.1431 0.1100 0.0878 0.0720 0.0603 0.0513 0.0443 0.0386 0.0340 0.0302 0.0270 0.0243 0.0220 0.0200
145 0.2055 0.1892 0.1750 0.1625 0.1246 0.0993 0.0813 0.0681 0.0579 0.0499 0.0435 0.0384 0.0341 0.0305 0.0274 0.0248 0.0226
150 0.2312 0.2127 0.1965 0.1823 0.1395 0.1110 0.0908 0.0759 0.0645 0.0556 0.0485 0.0427 0.0379 0.0339 0.0305 0.0276 0.0251
155 0.2575 0.2366 0.2185 0.2025 0.1546 0.1228 0.1004 0.0838 0.0712 0.0614 0.0535 0.0471 0.0418 0.0374 0.0336 0.0304 0.0277
160 0.2846 0.2612 0.2409 0.2231 0.1699 0.1347 0.1100 0.0918 0.0780 0.0671 0.0585 0.0515 0.0457 0.0408 0.0367 0.0332 0.0302
165 0.3124 0.2864 0.2639 0.2442 0.1855 0.1468 0.1197 0.0999 0.0847 0.0729 0.0635 0.0559 0.0496 0.0443 0.0398 0.0360 0.0328
170 0.3410 0.3122 0.2874 0.2657 0.2012 0.1591 0.1296 0.1080 0.0916 0.0788 0.0686 0.0603 0.0535 0.0478 0.0430 0.0389 0.0353
175 0.3705 0.3388 0.3115 0.2877 0.2173 0.1715 0.1395 0.1161 0.0984 0.0847 0.0737 0.0648 0.0574 0.0513 0.0461 0.0417 0.0379
180 0.4008 0.3660 0.3361 0.3102 0.2336 0.1840 0.1495 0.1244 0.1054 0.0906 0.0788 0.0692 0.0614 0.0548 0.0493 0.0446 0.0405
185 0.4321 0.3940 0.3614 0.3331 0.2502 0.1967 0.1597 0.1327 0.1123 0.0965 0.0839 0.0737 0.0653 0.0583 0.0524 0.0474 0.0431
190 0.4644 0.4229 0.3873 0.3567 0.2671 0.2096 0.1699 0.1411 0.1193 0.1025 0.0891 0.0782 0.0693 0.0619 0.0556 0.0503 0.0457
195 0.4978 0.4525 0.4140 0.3808 0.2842 0.2226 0.1802 0.1495 0.1264 0.1085 0.0943 0.0828 0.0733 0.0654 0.0588 0.0531 0.0483
200 0.5324 0.4831 0.4413 0.4055 0.3017 0.2358 0.1907 0.1581 0.1335 0.1145 0.0995 0.0873 0.0773 0.0690 0.0620 0.0560 0.0509

ANSI code 49
Setting examples
Hot curves for Eso = 0

I/Ib 4.80 5.00 5.50 6.00 6.50 7.00 7.50 8.00 8.50 9.00 9.50 10.00 12.50 15.00 17.50 20.00
Es (%)
105 0.0023 0.0021 0.0017 0.0014 0.0012 0.0010 0.0009 0.0008 0.0007 0.0006 0.0006 0.0005 0.0003 0.0002 0.0002 0.0001
110 0.0045 0.0042 0.0034 0.0029 0.0024 0.0021 0.0018 0.0016 0.0014 0.0013 0.0011 0.0010 0.0006 0.0004 0.0003 0.0003
115 0.0068 0.0063 0.0051 0.0043 0.0036 0.0031 0.0027 0.0024 0.0021 0.0019 0.0017 0.0015 0.0010 0.0007 0.0005 0.0004
120 0.0091 0.0084 0.0069 0.0057 0.0049 0.0042 0.0036 0.0032 0.0028 0.0025 0.0022 0.0020 0.0013 0.0009 0.0007 0.0005
125 0.0114 0.0105 0.0086 0.0072 0.0061 0.0052 0.0045 0.0040 0.0035 0.0031 0.0028 0.0025 0.0016 0.0011 0.0008 0.0006
130 0.0137 0.0126 0.0103 0.0086 0.0073 0.0063 0.0054 0.0048 0.0042 0.0038 0.0034 0.0030 0.0019 0.0013 0.0010 0.0008
135 0.0160 0.0147 0.0120 0.0101 0.0085 0.0073 0.0064 0.0056 0.0049 0.0044 0.0039 0.0035 0.0023 0.0016 0.0011 0.0009
140 0.0183 0.0168 0.0138 0.0115 0.0097 0.0084 0.0073 0.0064 0.0056 0.0050 0.0045 0.0040 0.0026 0.0018 0.0013 0.0010
145 0.0206 0.0189 0.0155 0.0129 0.0110 0.0094 0.0082 0.0072 0.0063 0.0056 0.0051 0.0046 0.0029 0.0020 0.0015 0.0011
150 0.0229 0.0211 0.0172 0.0144 0.0122 0.0105 0.0091 0.0080 0.0070 0.0063 0.0056 0.0051 0.0032 0.0022 0.0016 0.0013
155 0.0253 0.0232 0.0190 0.0158 0.0134 0.0115 0.0100 0.0088 0.0077 0.0069 0.0062 0.0056 0.0035 0.0025 0.0018 0.0014
160 0.0276 0.0253 0.0207 0.0173 0.0147 0.0126 0.0109 0.0096 0.0085 0.0075 0.0067 0.0061 0.0039 0.0027 0.0020 0.0015
165 0.0299 0.0275 0.0225 0.0187 0.0159 0.0136 0.0118 0.0104 0.0092 0.0082 0.0073 0.0066 0.0042 0.0029 0.0021 0.0016
170 0.0323 0.0296 0.0242 0.0202 0.0171 0.0147 0.0128 0.0112 0.0099 0.0088 0.0079 0.0071 0.0045 0.0031 0.0023 0.0018
175 0.0346 0.0317 0.0260 0.0217 0.0183 0.0157 0.0137 0.0120 0.0106 0.0094 0.0084 0.0076 0.0048 0.0034 0.0025 0.0019
180 0.0370 0.0339 0.0277 0.0231 0.0196 0.0168 0.0146 0.0128 0.0113 0.0101 0.0090 0.0081 0.0052 0.0036 0.0026 0.0020
185 0.0393 0.0361 0.0295 0.0246 0.0208 0.0179 0.0155 0.0136 0.0120 0.0107 0.0096 0.0086 0.0055 0.0038 0.0028 0.0021
190 0.0417 0.0382 0.0313 0.0261 0.0221 0.0189 0.0164 0.0144 0.0127 0.0113 0.0101 0.0091 0.0058 0.0040 0.0030 0.0023
195 0.0441 0.0404 0.0330 0.0275 0.0233 0.0200 0.0173 0.0152 0.0134 0.0119 0.0107 0.0096 0.0061 0.0043 0.0031 0.0024
200 0.0464 0.0426 0.0348 0.0290 0.0245 0.0211 0.0183 0.0160 0.0141 0.0126 0.0113 0.0102 0.0065 0.0045 0.0033 0.0025

ANSI code 37
Operation Block diagram

This protection is single-phase: 15ms 0
# it picks up when phase 1 current drops below the Is I1 I < Is T 0
MT10864
& time-delayed
set point output”
# it is inactive when the current is less than 10 % of Ib
# it is insensitive to current drops (breaking) due to “pick-up”
circuit breaker tripping signal
# it includes a definite time delay T. I>
0.1 Ib
t Characteristics
6 6
MT10426
Is set point
Setting 15 % Ib Is 100 % Ib by steps of 1 %
Accuracy ±5%
T
Pick-up/drop-out ratio 106 % ± 5 % for Is > 0.1 In
6 6
T time delay
Setting 50 ms T 300 s
0 0,1 Ib Is I
Accuracy (1) ± 2 % or ± 25 ms
Operating principle Characteristic times
1.06 Is Operating time < 50 ms
Is Overshoot time < 35 ms
MT10865
0.1 Ib Reset time < 40 ms

(1) in reference conditions (CEI 60255-6).
“pick-up”
signal
time-delayed
output
Case of current sag.
1.06 Is
Is
MT10866
0.1 Ib
“pick-up”
signal = 0 <15 ms
time-delayed
output = 0
Case of circuit breaker tripping.

Protection functions Excessive starting time,
locked rotor
ANSI code 48/51LR
I Operation
This function is three-phase.
MT10867
It comprises two parts:

Is # excessive starting time: during starting, the protection picks up when one of the
3 phase currents is greater than the set point Is for a longer period of time than the
ST time delay (normal starting time)
# locked rotor:
0.1Ib 5 at the normal operating rate (after starting), the protection picks up when one of
the 3 phase currents is greater than the set point Is for a longer period of time than
excessive ST the LT time delay of the definite time type
starting time 5 locked on start: large motors may have very long starting time, due to their inertia
locked or the reduce voltage supply. This starting time is longer than the permissive rotor
rotor blocking time. To protect such a motor LTS timer initiate a trip if a start has been
Case of normal starting.
detected (I > Is) or if the motor speed is zero. For a normal start, the input I23
(zero-speed-switch) disable this protection.
I
Motor re-acceleration
MT10869
When the motor re-accelerates, it consumes a current in the vicinity of the starting
current (> Is) without the current first passing through a value less than 10 % of Ib.
Is
The ST time delay, which corresponds to the normal starting time, may be
reinitialized by a logic data input for particular uses (input I22).
# reinitialize the excessive starting time protection
0.1Ib # set the locked rotor protection LT time delay to a low value.
Starting is detected when the current consumed is 10 % greater than the Ib current.
excessive ST
starting time
locked
rotor
Case of excessive starting time.
Block diagram
I
≥1 tripping
MT10868
MT10870
output
Is ST 0
I > 0.1Ib LT 0
R & locked
rotor output
I1
I2 input I22
0.1Ib I3 ≥1
& starting
I > Is time output
excessive ST LT
starting time
locked LTS 0
rotor & locked rotor
input I23 at output
Case of locked rotor.
Characteristics
6 6
Is set point
Setting 50 % Ib Is 500 % Ib
Resolution 1%
Accuracy(1) ±5%
Pick-up/drop-out ratio 93.5 % ± 5 %
6 6
ST, LT and LTS time delays
6 6
Setting ST 500 ms T 300 s
6 6
LT 50 ms T 300 s
LTS 50 ms T 300 s
Resolution 10 ms ou 1 digit
Accuracy (1) ± 2 % ou ± 25 ms

Protection functions Starts per hour
ANSI code 66
Operation
This function is three-phase.
It picks up when the number of starts reaches the following limits:
# maximum number of starts allowed per period of time (P) (Nt)
# maximum allowed number of consecutive hot starts (Nh)
# maximum allowed number of consecutive cold starts (Nc).
The function indicates:
# the number of starts still allowed before the maximum, if the protection has not
picked up. The number of starts depends on the motor’s thermal state
# waiting time before a start is allowed, if the protection has picked up.
Starting is detected when the current consumed becomes greater than 10 % of the
Ib current.
User information
The following information is available for the user:
# the waiting time before a start is allowed
# the number of starts still allowed.
See chapter "Machine operation assistance functions".
The number of consecutive starts is the number starts counted during the last P/Nt
minutes, Nt being the number of starts allowed per period.
The motor hot state corresponds to the overshooting of the fixed set point (50 % heat
rise) of the thermal overload function.
When the motor re-accelerates, it undergoes a stress similar to that of starting
without the current first passing through a value less than 10 % of Ib, in which case
the number of starts is not incremented.
It is possible however to increment the number of starts when a re-acceleration
occurs by a logic data input (input I22).
Block diagram
MT10871
k1 > Nt
&
I1 0 T
I2 I > 0.1Ib P mn
I3
≥1 inhibit
≥1 k2 > Nc closing
input I22
P mn/Nt
& k3 > Nh
thermal alarm
(hot state)
P mn/Nt
"Clear"
Characteristics
Period of time (P)
Setting 1 to 6 hour
Resolution 1
Nt total number of starts
Setting 1 to 60
Resolution 1
Nh and Nc number of consecutive starts
Setting (1) 1 to Nt
Resolution 1
T time delay between starts
Setting 0 mn 6 T 6 90 mn
6
Resolution 1 mn or 1 digit
(1) With Nc Nf.

Protection functions Positive sequence undervoltage
and phase rotation direction check
ANSI code 27D-47
Operation
Positive sequence undervoltage
The protection picks up when the positive sequence component Vd of a three-phase
voltage system drops below the Vsd set point with
2
Vd = ( 1 ⁄ 3 ) [ V1 + aV2 + a V3 ]
2
Vd = ( 1 ⁄ 3 ) [ U21 – a U32 ]
2π
j
U 3
with V = ------- and a = e
3
# it includes a definite time delay T

# it allows drops in motor electrical torque to be detected.
Phase rotation direction
This protection also allows the phase rotation direction to be detected.
The protection considers that the phase rotation direction is inverse when the positive
sequence voltage is less than 10 % of Unp and when the phase-to-phase voltage is
greater than 80 % of Unp.
Block diagram
T 0
Vd Vd < Vsd time-delayed output
MT10872
“pick-up” signal
Vd < 0.1Un
(2)
& rotation display
U21 U > 0.8 Un
(or V1)
Characteristics
Vsd set point
Setting 15 % Unp to 60 % Unp
Accuracy (1) ±2%
Pick-up/drop-out ratio 103 % ± 2,5 %
Resolution 1%
Time delay
Setting 50 ms to 300 s
Accuracy (1) ± 2 %, or ± 25 ms
Characteristics times
Operating time pick-up < 55 ms
Reset time < 35 ms
(2) displays "rotation" instead of positive sequence voltage measurement.

Protection functions Phase-to-phase undervoltage
ANSI code 27
Operation
The protection function is three-phase:
# it picks up if one of the 3 phase-to-phase voltages drops below the Us set point
# it includes a definite time delay T.
Block diagram
U21
MT10873
T 0
U32 U < Us time-delayed output
U13 “pick-up” signal
Characteristics
Us set point
Accuracy (1) ± 2 % or 0.005 Unp
Resolution 1%
Drop-out/pick-up ratio 103 % ± 2.5 %
Time delay T
Operation time pick-up < 35 ms (typically 25 ms)
Reset time < 40 ms

Protection functions Phase-to-neutral undervoltage
ANSI code 27S
Operation
This protection is three-phase:
# it picks up when one of the 3 phase-to-neutral voltages drops below the Vs set
point
# it has 3 independent outputs available for the control matrix
# it is operational if the number of VTs connected is V1, V2, V3 or U21, U32 with
measurement of Vo.
Block diagram
T 0
V1 V1 < Vs time-delayed output
MT10874
T 0
T 0
1 “pick-up” signal
Characteristics
Vs set point
Setting 5 % Vnp to 100 % Vnp
Accuracy (1) ± 2 % or 0.005 Vnp
Resolution 1%
Time delay T
Reset time < 40 ms

Protection functions Remanent undervoltage
ANSI code 27R
Operation
This protection is single-phase:
# it picks up when the U21 phase-to-phase voltage is less than the Us set point
# the protection includes a definite time delay.
Block diagram
T 0
U21 U < Us time-delayed output
MT10875
(or V1)
Characteristics
Us set point
Resolution 1%
Time delay T
Operation time < 40 ms
Reset time < 30 ms

Protection functions Phase-to-phase overvoltage
ANSI code 59
Operation
This protection is three-phase:
# it picks up when one of the phase-to-phase voltages concerned is greater than
the Us set point
# the protection includes a definite time delay.
Block diagram
U21
T 0
MT10876
time-delayed output
U32 U > Us
U13 “pick-up” signal
Characteristics
Us set point
Setting 50 % Unp to 150 % Unp (2)
Resolution 1%
Drop-out/pick-up ratio 97 % ± 1 %
Time delay T
Reset time < 40 ms
(2) 135 % Unp avec TP 230 V /

(1) dans les conditions de référence (CEI 60255-6).
.

Protection functions Neutral voltage displacement
ANSI code 59N
Operation
The protection function picks up if the residual voltage Vo is above a Vso set point,
with 9 R 9 9 9 ,
# it includes a definite time delay T

# the residual voltage is either calculated from the 3 phase voltages or measured by
an external VT.
Block diagram
V1
Σ
MT10548
V2
V3
T 0
Vo > Vso time-delayed output
external VT
Characteristics
Vso set point

Setting 2 % Unp to 80 % Unp if Vnso (2) = sum of 3Vs
2 % Unp to 80 % Unp if Vnso (2) = Uns/
5 % Unp to 80 % Unp if Vnso (2) = Uns/3
Accuracy (1) ± 2 % or ± 0.005 Unp
Resolution 1%
Drop-out/pick-up ratio 97 % ± 1 %
Time delay T
Operation time pick-up < 55 ms
Reset time < 55 ms
(2) Vnso is one of the general settings.

Protection functions Underfrequency
ANSI code 81L
Operation

The function picks up when the positive sequence voltage frequency is below the set
point and if the negative sequence voltage is more than 20 % of Vnp (Unp ).
If a single VT is connected (U21), the function picks up when the frequency is below
the set point and the U21 voltage is more than 20 % of Unp.
It includes a definite time delay T.
Block diagram
U32
Vd T 0
MT10543
U21 & F < Fs time-delayed output
“pick-up” sortie
(1)
Vd > 0.2 Vnp
(1) or U21 > 0.2 Unp if only one VT.
If there is only one sensor (U21), the voltage signal is connected to terminals 1
and 2 of the connector CCT640, whatever the phase.
Characteristics
Fs set points
Setting 45 to 50 Hz or 55 to 60 Hz
Resolution 0.1 Hz
Accuracy (1) ± 0.1 Hz
Pick-up / drop-out difference 0.2 Hz ± 0.1 Hz
Time delay T
Characteristic times (1)
Reset time < 100 ms
(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6) and df/dt < 3 Hz/s.

Protection functions Overfrequency
ANSI code 81H
Operation
The protection function picks up when the positive sequence voltage frequency is

above the set point and the positive sequence voltage is more than 20 % of Vnp
(Unp/ ).
If a single VT is connected (U21), the function picks up when the frequency is higher
than the set point and the U21 voltage is more than 20 % of Unp.
Block diagram
MT10542
U32
Vd T 0
U21 & F > Fs time-delayed output
(1)
Vd > 0.2 Vnp
(1) or U21 > 0.2 Unp if only one VT.
If there is only one sensor (U21), the voltage signal is connected to terminals 1
and 2 of the connector CCT640, whatever the phase.
Characteristics
Fs set points
Setting 50 to 53 Hz or 60 to 63 Hz
Resolution 0.1 Hz
Accuracy (1) ± 0.1 Hz
Pick-up / drop-out difference 0.2 Hz ± 0.1 Hz
Time delay T
Reset time < 100 ms
(1) in reference conditions (IEC 60255-6) et df/dt < 3 Hz/s.

Protection functions Rate of change of frequency
ANSI code 81R
Operation
This function picks up when the rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) of the positive
sequence voltage overshoots the set point.
If only one VT is connected (U21), the function is inhibited.
Block diagram
< Fmax > + dFs/dt
MT10877
Vd
f
T 0 time delayed
> Fmin & dF/dt 1 output
signal “pick-up”
> 0.5 Vn < - dFs/dt
Characteristics
dFs / dt set point
Setting 0.1 to 10 Hz/s
Resolution 0.1 Hz/s
Accuracy tripping ± 5 % or ± 0.1 Hz/s
no tripping ± 3 % or ± 0.05 Hz/s
Time delay T
Accuracy ± 2 % or ± 25 ms
Operation time pick-up < 170 ms (130 ms typical)
Reset time < 100 ms

Protection functions Recloser
ANSI code 79
Operation
Initialization of the recloser
The recloser is ready to operate if all of the following conditions are met:
# "CB control" function activated and recloser in service
# circuit breaker closed
# inhibition time delay not running
# none of the recloser inhibition conditions is true (see further on).
Recloser cycles
# case of a cleared fault:
5 following a reclosing order, if the fault does not appear after the memory time delay
has run out, the recloser reinitializes and a message appears on the display (see
example 1)
# case of a fault that is not cleared:
5 following instantaneous or time-delayed tripping by the protection unit, activation
of the isolation time delay associated with the first active cycle.
At the end of the time delay, a closing order is given, which activates the memory time
delay.
If the protection unit detects the fault before the end of the time delay, a tripping order
is given and the following reclosing cycle is activated.
5 after all the active cycles have been run, if the fault still persists, a final trip order
is given, a message appears on the display and closing is locked out until
acknowledgment takes place, according to the parameter setting of the protection
function
# closing on a fault.
If the circuit breaker closes on a fault, or if the fault appears before the end of the
lockout time delay, the recloser is inhibited.
Recloser inhibition conditions

The recloser is inhibited according to the following conditions:
# voluntary open or close order
# recloser put out of service
# receipt of a lockout order on the lockout logic input I26
# appearance of a switchgear-related fault, such as trip circuit fault, or unexecture
control order fault
# opening of the circuit breaker by external tripping via inputs I21, I22 or I23.
Characteristics
Reclosing cycles Setting
Number of cycles 1 to 4
Activation of cycle 1 (1) overcurrent 1 inst. / delayed / inactive
overcurrent 2 inst. / delayed / inactive
earth fault 1 inst. / delayed / inactive
Activation of cycles 2, 3 and 4 (1) overcurrent 1 inst. / delayed / inactive
overcurrent 2 inst. / delayed / inactive
Time delays
Memory time delay 0.05 to 300 s
Isolation time delay cycle 1 0.05 to 300 s
cycle 2 0.05 to 300 s
cycle 3 0.05 to 300 s
cycle 4 0.05 to 300 s
Lockout time delay 0.05 to 300 s
Accuracy ± 2 % or 25 ms
(1) If, a protection function that is inactive in relation to the recloser leads to circuit breaker
opening, the recloser is inhibited.

Protection functions Recloser
ANSI code 79
Example 1: case of successful reclosing after the first cycle.

Activation with 300 ms time-delayed O/C protection
MT10879
Instantaneous O/C
300 ms
Time-delayed O/C
I12 (closed position)
inhibition time delay
CB open command
I11 (open position)

cycle 1 isolation time delay
disengagement
CB close command time delay
Reclosing in
progress (TS35)
“cleared fault”
Reclosing message
successful (TS37)
Example 2: case of definitive tripping after two cycles activated by 300 ms time-delayed O/C protection
Instantaneous O/C
MT10880
300 ms 300 ms 300 ms
Time-delayed O/C
inhibition time
I12 (closed position) delay
CB open command
cycle 1 cycle 2
I11 (open position) isolation time isolation
delay time delay
CB close command
Reclosing in
progress (TS35)
“permanent fault”
message
Definitive tripping
(TS37)

Protection functions Temperature monitoring
ANSI code 49T/38
Operation
This protection is associated with an RTD of the Pt100 platinum (100 Ω at 0 °C) or
(nickel 100 Ω, nickel 120 Ω) type in accordance with the IEC 60751 and DIN 43760
standards.
# it picks up when the monitored temperature is greater than the Ts set point
# it has two independent set points:
5 alarm set point
5 tripping set point
# when the protection is activated, it detects whether the RTD is shorted or
disconnected:
5 RTD shorting is detected if the measured temperature is less than -35 °C
(measurement displayed “****”)
5 RTD disconnection is detected if the measured temperature is greater than
+205 °C (measurement displayed “-****”).
If an RTD fault is detected, the set point output relays are inhibited: the protection
outputs are set to zero.
The "RTD fault" item is also made available in the control matrix and an alarm
message is generated.
Block diagram
T < +205 ˚C
MT10878
& T > Ts1 set point 1
RTD T > Ts2 set point 2
& RTD’s fault

T > -35 ˚C
Characteristics
Ts1 and Ts2 set points °C °F
Setting 0 °C to 180 °C 32 °F to 356 °F
Accuracy (1) ± 1,5 °C ± 2.7 °F
Resolution 1 °C 1 °F
Pick-up/drop-out difference 3 °C ± 0,5 °
Operation time < 5 seconds
(1) see temperature measurement chapter for accuracy derating according to wiring cross-
section

Protection functions General:
IDMT protection functions
General The time delay setting that should be made in order for the operation curve to pass
Operation time depends on the type of protection through the point k (Ik, tk) is:
(phase current, earth fault current, …). ts
Operation is represented by a characteristic curve: tk
T = Ts10 × ---------
MT10537
# t = f(I) curve for the phase overcurrent function tsk
# t = f(Io) curve for the earth fault function.
The rest of the document is based on t = f(I); the
reasoning may be extended to other variables Io,… tk k
The curve is defined by:
# type (standard inverse, very inverse, extremely tsk
inverse...) Ts10
# current setting Is which corresponds to the vertical
asymptote of the curve
# time delay T which corresponds to the operation time
for I = 10 Is. 1 Ik/Is 10 I/Is
These 3 settings are made chronologically in the Another practical method:

following order: type, Is current, time delay T. The table on the next page gives the values of
Changing the time delay T setting by x % changes all of ts I
the operation times in the curve by x %. K = ------------ as a function of -----
ts10 Is
WVN
Examples of problems to be solved In the column that corresponds to the type of time delay, read the value .
7 V
Problem 1 in the line for ,N
,V
Knowing the type of IDMT, determine the Is current and
time delay T settings. The time delay setting to be used so that the operation curve passes through the
WN
Theoretically, the current setting Is corresponds to the point k (Ik, tk) is: 7
N
maximum current that may be permanent: it is generally
the rated current of the protected equipment (cable,
Example
transformer).
Data:
The time delay T is set to the operation point at 10 Is on
type of time delay: standard inverse time (SIT)
the curve. This setting is determined taking into
set point: Is
account the constraints involved in discrimination with
a point k on the operation curve: k (3.5 Is; 4 s)
the upstream and downstream protection devices.
The discrimination constraint leads to the definition of
Question: What is the time delay T setting (operation time at 10 Is)?
point A on the operation curve (IA, tA), e.g. the point
that corresponds to the maximum fault current affecting
Reading of the table: SIT column
the downstream protection device. I
line ----- = 3, 5
Is
Problem 2
Knowing the type of IDMT, the current setting Is and a K = 1.86

point k (Ik, tk) on the operation curve, determine the Answer: The time delay setting is 7 V

time delay setting T.
On the standard curve of the same type, read the
Problem 3
operation time tsk that corresponds to the relative
Knowing the current Is and time delay T settings for a type of time delay (standard
current
inverse, very inverse, extremely inverse), find the operation time for a current value
lk
----- of IA.
ls
On the standard curve of the same type, read the operation time tsA that corresponds
and the operation time Ts10 that corresponds to the to the relative current
relative current
,$
I
----- = 10 ,V
Is
,
and the operation time Ts10 that corresponds to the relative current
,V
The operation time tA for the current IA with the Is and T settings is
7
W$ WV$ ×
7 V
ts
MT10538
tA
T
tsA
Ts10
1 IA/Is 10 I/Is

Another practical method: the table below gives the Example

values of Data:
.
WV
as a function of
,

# type of time delay: very inverse time (VIT)
7 V ,V # set point: Is
In the column that corresponds to the type
# time delay T = 0.8 s.
WV$
Question: What is the operation time for the current IA = 6 Is?
of time delay, read the value . Reading of the table: VIT column
7 V
,$ ,
on the line for line
,V ,V
The operation time tA for the current IA Answer: The operation time for the current IA is t = 1.80 x 0.8 = 1.44 s.
with the Is and T settings is tA = K. T
Table of values of K
I/Is SIT VIT, LTI EIT UIT RI IEEE MI IEEE VI IEEE EI IAC I IAC VI IAC EI
and IEC/A and IEC/B and IEC/C (IEC/D) (IEC/E) (IEC/F)
1.0 — — — — 3.062 — — — 62.005 62.272 200.226
1.1 24.700(1) 90.000(1) 471.429(1) — 2.534 22.461 136.228 330.606 19.033 45.678 122.172
1.2 12.901 45.000 225.000 545.905 2.216 11.777 65.390 157.946 9.413 34.628 82.899
1.5 5.788 18.000 79.200 179.548 1.736 5.336 23.479 55.791 3.891 17.539 36.687
2.0 3.376 9.000 33.000 67.691 1.427 3.152 10.199 23.421 2.524 7.932 16.178
2.5 2.548 6.000 18.857 35.490 1.290 2.402 6.133 13.512 2.056 4.676 9.566
3.0 2.121 4.500 12.375 21.608 1.212 2.016 4.270 8.970 1.792 3.249 6.541
3.5 1.858 3.600 8.800 14.382 1.161 1.777 3.242 6.465 1.617 2.509 4.872
4.0 1.676 3.000 6.600 10.169 1.126 1.613 2.610 4.924 1.491 2.076 3.839
4.5 1.543 2.571 5.143 7.513 1.101 1.492 2.191 3.903 1.396 1.800 3.146
5.0 1.441 2.250 4.125 5.742 1.081 1.399 1.898 3.190 1.321 1.610 2.653
5.5 1.359 2.000 3.385 4.507 1.065 1.325 1.686 2.671 1.261 1.473 2.288
6.0 1.292 1.800 2.829 3.616 1.053 1.264 1.526 2.281 1.211 1.370 2.007
6.5 1.236 1.636 2.400 2.954 1.042 1.213 1.402 1.981 1.170 1.289 1.786
7.0 1.188 1.500 2.063 2.450 1.033 1.170 1.305 1.744 1.135 1.224 1.607
7.5 1.146 1.385 1.792 2.060 1.026 1.132 1.228 1.555 1.105 1.171 1.460
8.0 1.110 1.286 1.571 1.751 1.019 1.099 1.164 1.400 1.078 1.126 1.337
8.5 1.078 1.200 1.390 1.504 1.013 1.070 1.112 1.273 1.055 1.087 1.233
9.0 1.049 1.125 1.238 1.303 1.008 1.044 1.068 1.166 1.035 1.054 1.144
9.5 1.023 1.059 1.109 1.137 1.004 1.021 1.031 1.077 1.016 1.026 1.067
10.0 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
10.5 0.979 0.947 0.906 0.885 0.996 0.981 0.973 0.934 0.985 0.977 0.941
11.0 0.959 0.900 0.825 0.787 0.993 0.963 0.950 0.877 0.972 0.957 0.888
11.5 0.941 0.857 0.754 0.704 0.990 0.947 0.929 0.828 0.960 0.939 0.841
12.0 0.925 0.818 0.692 0.633 0.988 0.932 0.912 0.784 0.949 0.922 0.799
12.5 0.910 0.783 0.638 0.572 0.985 0.918 0.896 0.746 0.938 0.907 0.761
13.0 0.895 0.750 0.589 0.518 0.983 0.905 0.882 0.712 0.929 0.893 0.727
13.5 0.882 0.720 0.546 0.471 0.981 0.893 0.870 0.682 0.920 0.880 0.695
14.0 0.870 0.692 0.508 0.430 0.979 0.882 0.858 0.655 0.912 0.868 0.667
14.5 0.858 0.667 0.473 0.394 0.977 0.871 0.849 0.631 0.905 0.857 0.641
15.0 0.847 0.643 0.442 0.362 0.976 0.861 0.840 0.609 0.898 0.846 0.616
15.5 0.836 0.621 0.414 0.334 0.974 0.852 0.831 0.589 0.891 0.837 0.594
16.0 0.827 0.600 0.388 0.308 0.973 0.843 0.824 0.571 0.885 0.828 0.573
16.5 0.817 0.581 0.365 0.285 0.971 0.834 0.817 0.555 0.879 0.819 0.554
17.0 0.808 0.563 0.344 0.265 0.970 0.826 0.811 0.540 0.874 0.811 0.536
17.5 0.800 0.545 0.324 0.246 0.969 0.819 0.806 0.527 0.869 0.804 0.519
18.0 0.792 0.529 0.307 0.229 0.968 0.812 0.801 0.514 0.864 0.797 0.504
18.5 0.784 0.514 0.290 0.214 0.967 0.805 0.796 0.503 0.860 0.790 0.489
19.0 0.777 0.500 0.275 0.200 0.966 0.798 0.792 0.492 0.855 0.784 0.475
19.5 0.770 0.486 0.261 0.188 0.965 0.792 0.788 0.482 0.851 0.778 0.463
20.0 0.763 0.474 0.248 0.176 0.964 0.786 0.784 0.473 0.848 0.772 0.450
(1) values only suitable for IEC A, B and C curves.

Standard inverse time SIT curve Extremely inverse time EIT curve
Very inverse time VIT or LTI curve Ultra inverse time UIT curve
t (s) t (s)
100.00 1 000.00
MT10539
MT10540
100.00
10.00
curve (T = 1s)
curve (T = 1s)
10.00
1.00 RI
inverse time SIT
1.00
very inverse time VIT or LTI
extremely inverse EIT
ultra inverse UIT
I/Is
I/Is 0.10
0.10
1 10 100
1 10 100
IEEE curves IAC curves

t (s) t (s)
10000.00 1 000.00
MT10528
MT10529
1000.00
100.00
VI
100.00
MI EI
VI
10.00
EI
10.00
1.00
1.00
I/Is
0.10 I/Is 0.10
1 10 100 1 10 100

Curve equations
IEC curve, inverse type Characteristic curves k α β
N 7 IEC standard inverse / A 0.14 0.02 2.97
W
G(,) =
α
×
β
 , – IEC very inverse / B 13.5 1 1.50
 , V IEC long time inverse / B 120 1 13.33
IEC curve, RI type IEC extremely inverse / C 80 2 0.808
IEC ultra inverse 315.2 2.5 1
, 7
W
G(,) =
–
×

–
  ,
 V,
IEEE curve Characteristic curves A B p β

  IEEE moderately inverse 0.010 0.023 0.02 0.241
  IEEE very inverse 3.922 0.098 2 0.138
W (,) =
 $  7
% × IEEE extremely inverse 5.64 0.0243 2 0.081
G  3  β
   –
,


 ,V  
IAC curve Characteristic curves A B C D E β

IAC inverse 0.208 0.863 0.800 -0.418 0.195 0.297
 
 % ' (  7 IAC very inverse 0.090 0.795 0.100 -1.288 7.958 0.165
W
G(,) $  [
, – &  β
IAC extremely inverse 0.004 0.638 0.620 1.787 0.246 0.092
 , – & , – &
 , V  , V  , V  
ts IEC curve VIT type TMS multiplying factor

The time delay of IDMT tripping curves (except for RI curve) may be set:
MT10530
# either by T sec (operation time at 10 x Is)

TMS = 1 # or by TMS (factor that corresponds to 7
in the equations above).
β
Example :
7
( ) =
W , × 7 0 6 with: 706
T = 1.5 sec  , –
 , V
The IEC curve of the VIT type is positioned so as to be the same with
TMS = 1 or T = 1.5 sec.
10 I/Is
Example: TMS multiplying factor. Timer hold delay T1
# definite time:
enables the function to be activated with intermittent faults
tr
# IDMT:
MT10530
makes it possible to emulate an electromagnetic disk protection relay.
7 7 7
U(I) = × with : =
TMS = 1 W 706
 ,
β β
–
 , V
T1
T1 = timer hold delay setting (timer hold delay for I reset = 0 and TMS = 1)
T = tripping time delay setting (at 10 Is)
N
β = basic tripping curve value at , V = α
–
0 1 I/Is The standardized or estimated values of T1 are available in the SFT2841 software
Example: IDMT timer hold delay T1. help.


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Protection functions Contents

Setting ranges 3/2

Schneider Electric 3/1

General settings Selection Range

3/2 Schneider Electric

Functions Settings Time delays

Schneider Electric 3/3

3/4 Schneider Electric

# IDMT for IEC, IEEE and IAC curves.

Schneider Electric 3/5

Timer hold delay

Io > Iso time-delayed output

3/6 Schneider Electric

# IDMT for IEC, IEEE and IAC curves.

Schneider Electric 3/7

Operation The tripping curve is defined according to the following equations:

3 # for Ii/Ib > 5

Both formulas are equivalent when there is no zero

IDMT protection principle.

3/8 Schneider Electric

Determination of tripping time for IDMT tripping curve

0.05 min. curve (T=0,1s)

0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 1 2 3 5 7 10 20

li (% lb) 10 15 20 25 30 33.33 35 40 45 50 55 57.7 60 65 70 75

Schneider Electric 3/9

in which T max is the machine’s maximum temperature.

0,63 K may have the following values: 0 - 2.25 - 4.5 - 9

3/10 Schneider Electric

Start inhibit Characteristics

T max E > Es2

Schneider Electric 3/11

motor cold curve

665 motor hot curve b

3/12 Schneider Electric

Schneider Electric 3/13

Cold curves for Eso = 0

3/14 Schneider Electric

Cold curves for Eso = 0

Schneider Electric 3/15

Cold curves for Eso = 0

3/16 Schneider Electric

Hot curves for Eso = 0

Schneider Electric 3/17

Hot curves for Eso = 0

3/18 Schneider Electric

Operation Block diagram

0.1 Ib Reset time < 40 ms

Schneider Electric 3/19

It comprises two parts:

3/20 Schneider Electric

Schneider Electric 3/21

# it includes a definite time delay T

3/22 Schneider Electric

U13 “pick-up” signal

Schneider Electric 3/23

3/24 Schneider Electric

Schneider Electric 3/25

U13 “pick-up” signal

(2) 135 % Unp avec TP 230 V / 

3/26 Schneider Electric

# it includes a definite time delay T

Schneider Electric 3/27

(1) or U21 > 0.2 Unp if only one VT.

(2) 135 % Unp avec TP 230 V /