“SUGAR MILL

PROCESSES”

BY :

DEVESH PRATAP YADAV

COURSE : B. Tech (Mechanical Engineering)
ROLL No. : 1515040012
SUBJECT : Summer Training
COMPANY : Rauzagaon Chini Mill
 Sugar

Sweetening the food items is very important. For sweetening various food items, we general use

Sugar as sweetening agent.

Sugar is got from a plant named Sugarcane. The Sugarcane itself is very sweet. It is thin and long

sticklike stalk.

For making sugar, this sugarcane is grown in fields, harvested on maturity and crushed in mills and

thus its sweet juice is got and processed and after various process activities it is turned into white

crystal sugar which has 10 sizes.

The plant or factory where this sugarcane, after harvesting, is processed and after many process

activities it is turned in to sugar is called Sugar Mill, which is very big Plant.

A Sugar Mill consists of following :

1. Milling Tandem

2. Boiler

3. Turbine House to meet power requirement

4. Process House, where the juice of crushed cane is processed

5. Grading and Packing of Sugar

6. Godown for Safe Keeping of Sugar, the final product

7. A well equipped Laboratory for controlling the processing activities

8. Molasses keeping tank; molasses is a bye-product of sugar.

Picture showing arrangement of Milling Tandem
Various Stages in Sugar Making

Various stages involved in production of sugar from sugarcane are as follows :

1. Cane preparation.

2. Cane juice extraction.

3. Cane juice processing.

Various Preparatory Devices

Various preparatory devices used in cane preparation are follows :

1. Cane Un-loader.

2. Cane Carrier.

3. Cane Chopper.

4. Cane Cutter no. 1.

5. Pusher.

6. Cane Cutter no. 2.

7. Cane belt conveyor no. 1.

8. Shredder.

9. Cane belt conveyor no. 2.

Cane Un-Loaders
Cane Cutter No. 1
Cane Shredder
Brief Description of Preparatory Devices

1. Cane Unloader :

It is a clamping device. It unloads the sugarcane from the trucks with the help of its jaw.

2. Cane carrier :

Cane un-loader puts the sugarcane on this carrier and it carries the sugarcane for further
processing.

3. Cane chopper :

It is a cutting device which cuts the sugarcane to pieces with the help of blades attached to
it.

4. Cane cutter no. 1 :

It is also a cutting device and it cuts the sugarcane to smaller pieces.

5. Pusher :

It is a drum like device that pushes the pieces of cane and levels it so that they do not get out
of the carrier.

6. Cane cutter no. 2 :

It is a cutting device which cuts the small pieces of sugarcane to more smaller pieces.

7. Cane belt conveyor no. 1 :

It is a belt conveyor which conveys the sugarcane pieces for further processing.

8. Shredder :

It is a cutting device which cuts the cane pieces to very small pieces.

9. Cane belt conveyor no. 2 :

It carries the smallest pieces of sugarcane to mill house for cane juice extraction.
Cane Juice Extraction Unit

There are 5 sets of mills for extracting the juice out of cane.

1. Mill no. 1 has a set of GRPF (Grooved Roller Pressure Feeder) and mill rollers.

2. Mill no. 2 has only a set of mill rollers.

3. Mill no. 3 has a set of TRPF (Toothed Roller Pressure Feed) and mill rollers.

4. Mill no. 4 has a set of TRPF and a mill roller.

5. Mill no. 5 has a GRPF and a mill roller.

Juice is extracted from the sugarcane pieces by crushing them in mill rollers, GRPF, TRPF.

The GRPF rollers and other rollers are driven by the hydraulic motors.

The desired rotation is obtained by gears.

Mainly two types of gears are used mill house; namely Spur Gear And Helical Gears.
Cane Juice Processing Unit

Following processes takes place in boiling house:

1. The juice from mill house goes to PAN station vapour juice heater.

2. Then juice goes to vapour line juice heater.

3. Then juice goes to Raw juice heater no. 1, where it is heated to 50-53 degree Celsius.

4. Then juice goes to Raw juice heater no. 2, where it is heated to 70-73 degree Celsius.

5. Then it goes to reaction tank.

6. Then it goes to final juice heater, where it is heated up to 102 C.

7. Then it goes to first direct contact heater.

8. Then it goes to Dorr.

9. Then from Dorr, the clear juice is stored in the clear juice tank and the juice mud is
transferred in the O.C. (Oliver Cane Mud) filter.

10. Then from O.C. filter it goes to FCS (Filterate Clarification System).

11. From FCS the filtered juice goes to clear tank.

12. The collected juice in the clear tank goes to second Direct Contact Heater.

13. Then from DCH it goes to semi Kestner.

14. Then the juice goes to Kestner.

15. Now it goes to Quad, where its thickness 70-72 bricks.

16. Now it goes to PAN Station, where the processes takes place which thickens the juice.

Now, the stage of boiling of juice is over.

Slurry Pump
After the Boiling stage, the curing stage takes place, which involves following:-

1. Crystallisation

2. Centrifugal operation

3. Sugar Grading

4. Sugar filling in bags/Packing

In Centrifugal operation, the sticky and brown colour substance is removed from the sugar and thus

the sugar crystals become white and lustrous.

The brown sticky substance which is separated from the sugar crystals during centrifugal operation

is called Molasses.

This molasses is usually not used for consumption for humans, but is surely a good thing for

making cattle feeds as it contain substantial amount of minerals and other beneficial things for

animals.

Apart from being used for making cattle feeds, this molasses is used as raw material for Distilleries.
Centrifugal Machine Stations
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