Cisco ERouting Routing Protocols Final V40

1. Refer to the exhibit. How many routes are child routes?
1
3
4
6
2. A router has EIGRP configured as the only routing protocol. In what way might EIGRP respond if
there is no feasible successor route to a destination network and the successor route fails?
It broadcasts hello packets to all routers in the network to re-establish neighbor adjacencies.
It sends queries to adjacent neighbors until a new successor route is found.
It immediately sends its entire routing table to its neighbors.
It will set the metric for the failed route to infinity.
3. Refer to the exhibit. The show cdp neighbors command was run at R1. Which two facts about the
newly detected device can be determined from the output? (Choose two.)
ABCD is a router that is connected to R1.
ABCD is a non-CISCO device that is connected to R1.
The device is connected at the Serial0/0/1 interface of R1.
R1 is connected at the S0/0/1 interface of device ABCD.
ABCD does not support switching capability.
4. Refer to the exhibit. The routers are properly configured using a dynamic routing protocol with
default settings, and the network is fully converged. Router A is forwarding data to router E. Which
statement is true about the routing path?
If the network uses the RIP protocol, router A will determine that all paths have equal cost.
If the network uses the RIP protocol, router A will update only the A-C-E path in its routing table.
If the network uses the EIGRP routing protocol, router A will determine that path A-D-E has the lowest cost.
If both RIP and EIGRP protocols are configured on router A, the router will use the route information that is
learned by the RIP routing protocol.
5. What are two tasks that must be completed before two routers can use OSPF to form a neighbor
adjacency? (Choose two.)
The routers must elect a designated router.
The routers must agree on the network type.
The routers must use the same dead interval.
The routers must exchange link state requests.
The routers must exchange database description packets.
6. Which two statements are true about the startup configuration in a router? (Choose two.)
The router uses the startup configuration file to start POST.
If the Cisco IOS cannot be found, the router enters setup mode.
The bootstrap program searches for the startup configuration file in NVRAM.
If the startup config file cannot be found, the router enters ROMMON mode.
The router searches for a TFTP server if the startup configuration file is absent at the default location.
7. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator successfully pings R1 from R3. Next, the administrator
runs the show cdp neighbors command on R3. The output of this command is displayed. What are two
reasons for the absence of R1 in the output? (Choose two.)
There is a Layer 2 connectivity problem between R1 and R3.
The Fa0/0 interface of R1 is configured with an incorrect IP address.
The no cdp run command has been run at R1.
The no cdp enable command has been run at Fa0/1 interface of R3.
R1 is powered off.
8. Refer to the exhibit. A ping between host A and host B is successful, but pings from host A to
operational hosts on the Internet fail. What is the reason for this problem?
The FastEthernet interface of R1 is disabled.
One of the default routes is configured incorrectly.
A routing protocol is not configured on both routers.
The default gateway has not been configured on host A.
9. Refer to the exhibit. R1 knows two routes, Path A and Path B, to the Ethernet network attached to
R3. R1 learned Path A to network 10.2.0.0/16 from a static route and Path B to network 10.2.0.0/16 from
EIGRP. Which route will R1 install in its routing table?
Both routes are installed and load balancing occurs across both paths.
The route via Path B is installed because the EIGRP route has the best metric to network 10.2.0.0/16.
The route via Path A is installed because the static route has the best metric to network 10.2.0.0/16.
The route via Path B is installed because the EIGRP route has the lowest administrative distance to network
10.2.0.0/16.
The route via Path A is installed because the static route has the lowest administrative distance to
network 10.2.0.0/16.
10. Refer to the exhibit. All interfaces are configured with the correct IP addresses and subnet masks.
OSPF has been configured as the routing protocol. During troubleshooting, it is determined that hosts
on network B can ping the Lo0 interface on R1 but are unable to reach hosts on network A. What is the
cause of the problem?
Routers R1 and R2 have incorrect router IDs configured.
Router R1 is unable to form a neighbor relationship with router R2.
Routers R1 and R2 have been configured in different OSPF areas.
The configuration of router R1 fails to include network A in the OSPF routing process.
11. Refer to the exhibit. All routers are running the same routing protocol. Based on the exhibit and its
displayed commands, which statement is true?
The wildcard mask is incorrectly configured.
A default route must be configured on every router.
Routers B, C, and D have no access to the Internet.
The link to the ISP is not advertised by the routing protocol process.
12. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has configured R1 as shown, and all interfaces are
functioning correctly. A ping from R1 to 172.16.1.1 fails. What could be the cause of this problem?
The serial interface on R1 is configured incorrectly.
The default route is configured incorrectly.
The default-information originate command must be issued on R1.
Autosummarization must be disabled on R1.
13. Refer to the exhibit. The output of the show ip route command for router R1 is displayed. What
action will the router take for a packet that is destined for 192.168.1.5?
It will drop the packet.
It will forward the packet to interface Serial0/0/0.
It will determine the route for the packet through a routing protocol.
It will forward the packet to the default gateway.
14. Refer to the exhibit. Although both the routers can ping the serial interface of their neighbors, they
are unable to ping the Ethernet interfaces of other routers. Which two statements are true for this
network? (Choose two.)
The administrative distance has been set to 50 on both routers.
R2 is learning about network 192.168.1.0.
The network 10.1.1.0 command has not been run on both routers.
Autosummarization is enabled on both routers.
15. What are two functions of a router? (Choose two.)
It connects multiple IP networks.
It controls the flow of data via the use of Layer 2 addresses.
It determines the best path to send packets.
It manages the VLAN database.
It increases the size of the broadcast domain.
16. The network shown in the diagram is having problems routing traffic. It is suspected that the
problem is with the addressing scheme. What is the problem with the addressing used in the
topology?
The address assigned to the Ethernet0 interface of Router1 is a broadcast address for that subnetwork.
The subnetwork configured on the serial link between Router1 and Router2 overlaps with the
subnetwork assigned to Ethernet0 of Router3.
The subnetwork assigned to the Serial0 interface of Router1 is on a different subnetwork from the address for
Serial0 of Router2.
The subnetwork assigned to Ethernet0 of Router2 overlaps with the subnetwork assigned to Ethernet0 of
Router3.
17. Refer to the exhibit. Which router is advertising subnet 172.16.1.32/28?

Router1
Router2
Router3
Router4
18. Refer to the exhibit. All router interfaces are configured with an IP address and are operational. If
no routing protocols or static routes are configured, what information will be included in the show ip
route command output for router A?
All of the 192.168.x.0 networks will be in the routing table.
Routes to networks 192.168.1.0/24, 192.168.2.0/24, and 192.168.3.0/24 will be in the routing table.
The routing table will be empty because routes and dynamic routes have not been configured.
A default route is automatically installed in the routing table to allow connectivity between the networks.
19. Refer to the exhibit. All routes are advertised and fully operational on all routers. Which statement
is true about the path that the data will take from router A to router B?
If EIGRP is used with default configurations, the data will be equally distributed between two paths —
A, D, B and A, C, B.
If RIPv1 is used with default configurations, the data will be load-balanced on all paths.
If EIGRP and OSPF are both used with default configurations, the data will be sent through paths learned by
the OSPF protocol.
If RIPv2 is used with default configurations, the data will be equally distributed between two paths — A, D, B
and A, C, D.
20. Refer to the exhibit. Two routers are unable to establish an adjacency. What is the possible cause
for this?
The two routers are connected on a multiaccess network.
The hello and dead intervals are different on the two routers.
They have different OSPF router IDs.
They have different process IDs.
21. What is the first step OSPF and IS-IS routers take in building a shortest path first database?
Learn about directly connected networks
Send hello to discover neighbors and form adjacencies
Choose successors and feasible successors to populate the topology table
Flood LSPs to all neighbors informing them of all known networks and their link states
22. What should be considered when troubleshooting a problem with the establishment of neighbor
relationships between OSPF routers? (Choose two.)
OSPF interval timers mismatch
Administrative distance mismatch
Interface network type mismatch
No loopback interface configured
Gateway of last resort not redistributed
23. What are three features of CDP? (Choose three.)

Tests Layer 2 connectivity
Provides a layer of security
Operates a OSI layers 2 and 3
Enabled by default on each interface
Used for debugging Layer 4 connectivity issues
Provides information on directly connected devices that have CDP enabled
24. Refer to the exhibit. What will happen if interface Serial0/0/1 goes down on Router1?
The Dijkstra algorithm will calculate the feasible successor.
DUAL will query neighbors for a route to network 192.168.1.0.
Neighbor 172.16.3.2 will be promoted to the feasible successor.
Traffic destined to the 192.168.1.0 network will be dropped immediately due to lack of a feasible successor.
25. Refer to the exhibit. An administrator is adding a new subnet of 50 hosts to R3. Which subnet
address should be used for the new subnet that provides enough addresses while wasting a minimum
of addresses?
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.1.48 /28
192.168.1.32/27
192.168.1.64/26
26. What is the function of the OSPF LSR packet?

It is used to confirm the receipt of LSUs.
It is used to establish and maintain adjacency with other OSPF routers.
It is used by the receiving routers to request more information about any entry in the DBD.
It is used to check the database synchronization between routers.
27. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator is testing network connectivity by issuing the
tracert command from Host A to Host B. Given the exhibited output on Host A, what are two possible
routing table issues on the network? (Choose two.)
Router1 is missing a route to the 172.16.0.0 network
28. Refer to the exhibit. What action will R2 take for a packet that is destined for 192.168.2.0?
It will forward the packet via the S0/0/0 interface.
It will forward the packet via the Fa0/0 interface.
It will forward the packet to R1.
29. Refer to the exhibit. To implement the RIPv2 protocol, the network administrator runs the
commands as displayed. However, the show ip protocol command fails to display any output. How can
the administrator solve the problem that is indicated by the lack of output from this command?
Include the default-information originate command.
Include the no auto-summary command.
Specify the network for which RIP routing has to be enabled.
Implement RIPv2 authentication in the network.
30. What are two reasons for the occurrence of a routing loop? (Choose two.)
Slow convergence
Incorrectly configured static routes
Routes that are learned via two routing protocols
Static and dynamic routing being used on the same router
Lack of a default route on the router that connects to the Internet
31. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator issues the command no ip classless on Router1.
What forwarding action will take place on a packet that is received by Router1 and is destined for host
192.168.0.26?
The packet will be dropped.
The packet will be forwarded to the gateway of last resort.
The packet will match the 192.168.0.0 network and be forwarded out Serial 0/0.
The packet will most closely match the 192.168.0.8 subnet and be forwarded out Serial 0/1.
32. Refer to the exhibit. Both routers are using the RIP protocol. Devices on the 192.168.1.1 network
can ping the S0/0/0 interface on R2 but cannot ping devices on the 192.168.2.1 network. What is a
possible cause of this problem?
The routers are configured with different versions of RIP.
R2 is not forwarding the routing updates.
The R1 configuration should include the no auto-summary command.
The maximum path number has been exceeded.
33. Which two statements are true regarding link-state routing protocols? (Choose two.)
They are aware of the complete network topology.
They offer rapid convergence times in large networks.
They do not include subnet masks in their routing updates.
They rely on decreasing hop counts to determine the best path.
They do not work well in networks that require special hierarchical designs.
They pass their entire routing tables to their directly connected neighbors only.
34. Refer to the exhibit. All routers are running RIPv1. The two networks 10.1.1.0/29 and 10.1.1.16/29 are
unable to access each other. What can be the cause of this problem?
Because RIPv1 is a classless protocol, it does not support this access.
RIPv1 does not support discontinuous networks.
RIPv1 does not support load balancing.
RIPv1 does not support automatic summarization.
35. Refer to the exhibit. R2 is configured correctly. The network administrator has configured R1as
shown. Which two facts are true about the forwarding of route information by R1? (Choose two.)
R1 will forward the route information for subnet 192.168.100.0/30.
R1 will not forward route information for subnet 192.168.100.4/30.
R1 will forward the route information with an administrative distance set to 50.
R1 will forward the summarized route information for network 192.168.100.0/24.
R1 will forward route information for subnet 10.10.10.0/30 out the serial interface.
36. Refer to the exhibit. What summary address can Router2 advertise to Router1 to reach the three
networks on Routers 3, 4, and 5 without advertising any public address space or overlapping the
networks on Router1?
172.16.0.0/8
172.16.0.0/10
172.16.0.0/13
172.16.0.0/20
172.16.0.0/24
37. Refer to the exhibit. The network is running the RIP routing protocol. Network 10.0.0.0 goes down.
Which statement is true regarding how the routers in this topology will respond to this event?
Router5 flushes the unreachable route from its routing table in 30 seconds.
Router4 will learn about the failed route 30 seconds later in the next periodic update.
Router5 will send Router4 a triggered update with a metric of 16 for network 10.0.0.0.
Split horizon will prevent Router4 from fowarding packets to the 10.0.0.0 network until the
Holddown timer expires.
38. Which two components are used to determine the router ID in the configuration of the OSPF
routing process? (Choose two.)
The IP address of the first FastEthernet interface
The highest IP address of any logical interface
The highest IP address of any physical interface
The default gateway IP address
The priority value of 1 on any physical interface
39. The Suffolk router is directly connected to the networks shown in the graphic and has a default
route that points to the Richmond router. All interfaces are active and properly addressed. However,
when the workstation on network 172.29.5.0/24 sends a packet to destination address 172.29.198.5, it is
discarded by the Suffolk router. What can be a reason for this result?
IP classless has been disabled on the Suffolk router.
The ip subnet-zero command was not configured on the Suffolk router.
The Richmond router is in a different autonomous system than the Suffolk router.
The route was ignored if the Richmond router did not include the 172.29.198.0/24 network in its routing
updates.
40. Refer to the exhibit. The routers in the exhibit are running the EIGRP routing protocol. What
statement is true regarding how packets will travel from the 172.16.1.0/16 network to the
192.168.200.0/24 network?
The router chooses the first path that it learned and installs only that route in the routing table.
The router chooses the path with the lowest administrative distance and installs only that route in the routing
table.
The router chooses the highest routing ID based on the advertised network IP addresses and installs only that
route in the routing table.
The router installs all the equal cost paths in the routing table but sends packets out only one, holding the
others in reserve in case the primary route goes down.
The router installs all the equal cost paths in the routing table and performs equal cost load balancing
to send packets out multiple exit interfaces.
41. Refer to the exhibit. Router R2 is configured properly and all interfaces are functional. Router R1
has been installed recently. Host A is unable to ping host B.
Which procedure can resolve this problem?
Configure a static route on R1 using the IP address of the serial interface on R1.
Configure a default route on R1 with the exit interface Fa0/0 on R1.
Configure a static route on R1 using the IP address of S0/0/0 on R2.
Configure a default route on R1 using the IP address of Fa0/0 on R2.
42. A network is configured with the IP, IPX, and AppleTalk protocols. Which routing protocol is
recommended for this network?
RIPv1
RIPv2
EIGRP
OSPF
43. Refer to the exhibit. Which statement is true concerning the routing configuration?
Using dynamic routing instead of static routing would have required fewer configuration steps.
The 10.1.1.0/24 and 10.1.2.0/24 routes have adjacent boundaries and should be summarized.
Packets routed to the R2 Fast Ethernet interface require two routing table lookups.
The static route will not work correctly.
44. Refer to the exhibit. A new PC was deployed in the Sales network. It was given the host address of
192.168.10.31 with a default gateway of 192.168.10.17. The PC is not communicating with the network
properly. What is the cause?
The default gateway is incorrect.
The address is in the wrong subnet.
The host address and default gateway are swapped.
192.168.10.31 is the broadcast address for this subnet.
45. A network is using RIP as the routing protocol. The router learns that the same destination can be
reached via five different paths. All paths have the same metric, and all routers are using the default
operation. Which statement correctly describes the path used by the router?
It will use the first available path to the destination.
It will use only the first two paths that it learned.
It will use four of the five paths.
It will load-balance using all five paths.
46. A network administrator needs to configure a single router to load-balance the traffic over unequal
cost paths. Which routing protocol should the administrator use?
EIGRP
OSPF
RIPv1
RIPv2
47. Refer to the exhibit. What information can be determined from the highlighted output?
R1 is originating the route 172.30.200.32/28.
Automatic summarization is disabled.
The 172.30.200.16/28 network is one hop away from R1.
A classful routing protocol is being used.
48. When a router boots, what is the default order to locate the Cisco IOS if there is no boot system
command?
ROM, TFTP server, flash
Flash, TFTP server, ROM
Flash, NVRAM, TFTP server
NVRAM, TFTP server, flash
49. A network administrator has been asked to configure a network using a classful IP addressing
scheme. Which statement is true about the IP addressing that will be used?
Classful IP addresses can be used only when static routing is configured in the network.
Classful IP addresses allow the network/host boundary to occur at any bit in the 32-bit address.
The subnet mask for classful IP addresses can be determined by the value of the first octet of the IP
address.
Classful IP addresses require the subnet mask to be included in the routing updates that are propagated by the
classful routing protocols.
50. A network administrator uses the RIP routing protocol to implement routing within an autonomous
system. What are two characteristics of this protocol? (Choose two.)
It uses the Bellman-Ford algorithm to determine the best path.
It displays an actual map of the network topology.
It offers rapid convergence in large networks.
It periodically sends complete routing tables to all connected devices.
It is beneficial in complex and hierarchically designed networks.
1
3
4
6
R1 is powered off.
10.2.0.0/16.
network 10.2.0.0/16.
topology?
Serial0 of Router2.
Router3.

Router1
Router2
Router3
Router4
the OSPF protocol.
and A, C, D.
for this?

of addresses?
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.1.48 /28
192.168.1.32/27
192.168.1.64/26

Slow convergence
192.168.0.26?
172.16.0.0/8
172.16.0.0/10
172.16.0.0/13
172.16.0.0/20
172.16.0.0/24
updates.
192.168.200.0/24 network?
table.
RIPv1
RIPv2
EIGRP
OSPF
EIGRP
OSPF
RIPv1
RIPv2
command?
address.
1
3
4
6
R1 is powered off.
10.2.0.0/16.
network 10.2.0.0/16.
topology?
Serial0 of Router2.
Router3.

Router1
Router2
Router3
Router4
the OSPF protocol.
and A, C, D.
for this?

of addresses?
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.1.48 /28
192.168.1.32/27
192.168.1.64/26

Slow convergence
192.168.0.26?
172.16.0.0/8
172.16.0.0/10
172.16.0.0/13
172.16.0.0/20
172.16.0.0/24
updates.
192.168.200.0/24 network?
table.
RIPv1
RIPv2
EIGRP
OSPF
EIGRP
OSPF
RIPv1
RIPv2
command?
address.

It increases the size of the broadcast domain
command?
flash, TFTP server, ROM

flash, NVRAM, TFTP server
3. Which router component is used to store the routing table?

Flash
NVRAM
ROM
SDRAM
1
3
4
6
The static route will not work correctly
6. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator issues the command no ip classless on Router1. What
forwarding action will take place on a packet that is received by Router1 and is destined for host
192.168.0.26?

The packet will most closely match the 192.168.0.8 subnet and be forwarded out Serial 0/1
7. Refer to the exhibit. Routers R1 and R3 use different routing protocols with default administrative
distance values. All devices are properly configured and the destination network is advertised by both
protocols.
Which path will be used to transmit the data packets between PC1 and PC2?
The packets will travel via R2-R1.

The traffic will be load-balanced between two paths — via R2-R1 and via R2-R3.
The packets will travel via R2-R3, and the other path via R2-R1 will be retained as the backup path
8. Refer to the exhibit. Router R1 is configured as shown in the exhibit. PC1 on 172.16.1.0/24 network can
reach the default gateway on R1. The rest of the routers are configured with the correct IP addresses on the
interfaces. Routers R2 and R3 do not have static or dynamic routing enabled. How far will PC1 be able to
successfully ping?
router R1 Fa0/0 interface
router R1 S0/0/0 interface

router R2 Fa0/0 and S0/0/1 interfaces
9. Refer to the exhibit. All routers are properly configured to use the EIGRP routing protocol with default
settings, and the network is fully converged. Which statement correctly describes the path that the traffic
will use from the 10.1.1.0/24 network to the 10.1.2.0/24 network?
It will use the A-D path only.

It will use the path A-D, and the paths A-C-D and A-B-D will be retained as the backup paths.
It will use all the paths equally in a round-robin fashion.
The traffic will be load-balanced between A-B-D and A-C-D.


They pass their entire routing tables to their directly connected neighbors only
11. Refer to the exhibit. R1 knows two routes, Path A and Path B, to the Ethernet network attached to R3.
R1 learned Path A to network 10.2.0.0/16 from a static route and Path B to network 10.2.0.0/16 from
10.2.0.0/16.
network 10.2.0.0/16.
12. What two routing protocols use a hierarchal network topology? (Choose two.)
IS-IS
EIGRP
OSPF
RIPv1
RIPv2
13. Refer to the exhibit. Based on the output from the show running-config and debug ip rip commands,
what are two of the routes that are added to the routing table of R1? (Choose two.)
R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:24, Serial0/0/1
R 192.168.100.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.1.1, 00:00:24, Serial0/0/0

S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via FastEthernet0/0
R 192.168.9.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:24, Serial0/0/0
R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.1.2, 00:00:24, Serial0/0/0
14. Refer to the exhibit. The network has three connected routers: R1, R2 and R3. The routes of all three
routers are displayed. What can be verified from the output?
R1 and R3 are connected to each other via the S0/0/0 interface.

The IP address of the S0/0/0 interface of R1 is 10.1.1.2.
R2 is connected to the S0/0/1 interface of R3.

15. Refer to the exhibit. All router interfaces are configured with an IP address and are operational. If no
routing protocols or static routes are configured, what information will be included in the show ip route
command output for router A?
16. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is accessing router R1 from the console port. Once the
administrator is connected to the router, which password should the administrator enter at the R1> prompt
to access the privileged EXEC mode?
Cisco001
Cisco123
Cisco789
Cisco901
17. Which of the following could describe the devices labeled “?” in the graphic? (Choose three.)
DCE
CSU/DSU
LAN switch
modem
hub
Router1
Router2
Router3
Router4


20. A static route has been configured on a router. However, the destination network no longer exists. What
should an administrator do to remove the static route from the routing table?
Change the routing metric for that route.
Nothing. The static route will go away on its own.
Change the administrative distance for that route.
Remove the route using the no ip route command.


22. Refer to the exhibit. The network has three connected routers: R1, R2, and R3. The routes of all three
routers are displayed. All routers are operational and pings are not blocked on this network.
Which ping will fail?
from R1 to 172.16.1.1
from R1 to 192.168.3.1
from R2 to 192.168.1.1
from R2 to 192.168.3.1

It will forward the packet to R1

24. Refer to the exhibit. The users on the local network 172.16.1.0/24 complain that they are unable to
connect to the Internet. What step should be taken to remedy the problem?
A new static route must be configured on R1 with the R3 serial interface as the next hop.
A new default route must be configured on R1 with the R3 serial interface as the next hop.
The default route on R2 should be configured with the R3 serial interface as the next hop.
The default route on R2 must be replaced with a new static route and the next hop should be the R1
FastEthernet interface
networks on Routers 3, 4, and 5 without advertising any public address space or overlapping the networks
on Router1?
172.16.0.0/8
172.16.0.0/10
172.16.0.0/13
172.16.0.0/20
172.16.0.0/24
26. Refer to the exhibit. Host A is unable to access the Internet, and troubleshooting has revealed that this is
due to an addressing problem. What is incorrectly configured in this network?
the IP address of the Fa0/0 interface of R1

the subnet mask of the S0/0/0 interface of R1
the IP address of the S0/0/0 interface of R1


192.168.10.31 is the broadcast address for this subnet

28. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator is planning IP addressing of a new network. What part
of this addressing scheme must be changed to allow communication between host A and the server?
the IP address of the server

the default gateway of host A
the IP address of host A
the default gateway of the server
29. Which network design feature requires the deployment of a classless routing protocol?
private IP addressing
advertising default routes
variable length subnet masks

summarization on major network boundaries
30. A network administrator needs to assign the very last usable IP address in the 172.24.64.0/18 network
range to the router interface that serves this LAN. Which IP address should the administrator configure on
the interface?
172.16.128.154/18
172.16.255.254/18
172.24.64.254/18
172.24.127.254/18
RIPv1 does not support discontiguous networks.


A classful routing protocol is being used
33. What does RIP use to reduce convergence time in a larger network?
It uses multicast instead of broadcast to send routing updates.
It reduces the update timer to 15 seconds if there are more than 10 routes.
It uses triggered updates to announce network changes if they happen in between the periodic
updates.
It uses random pings to detect if a pathway is down and therefore is preemptive on finding networks that
are down
34. A network administrator has enabled RIP on routers B and C in the network diagram. Which of the
following commands will prevent RIP updates from being sent to Router A?
A(config)# router rip

A(config-router)# passive-interface S0/0
B(config)# router rip
B(config-router)# network 192.168.25.48
A(config-router)# no network 192.168.25.32

B(config-router)# passive-interface S0/0
A(config)# no router rip
35. Refer to the exhibit. Both routers are using the RIP protocol. Devices on the 192.168.1.1 network can
ping the S0/0/0 interface on R2 but cannot ping devices on the 192.168.2.1 network.
What is a possible cause of this problem?

36. Which two statements are correct about the split horizon with poison reverse method of routing loop
prevention? (Choose two.)
It is enabled by default on all Cisco IOS implementations.
It assigns a value that represents an infinite metric to the poisoned route.

It sends back the poisoned route update to the same interface from where it was received.
It instructs routers to hold all changes that might affect routes, for a specified period of time.
It limits the number of hops a packet can traverse through the network before it is discarded
37. Refer to exhibit. Given the topology shown in the exhibit, what three commands are needed to
configure EIGRP on the Paris router? (Choose three.)
Paris(config)# router eigrp 100

Paris(config)# router eigrp
Paris(config-router)# network 192.168.6.0

38. A router has EIGRP configured as the only routing protocol. In what way might EIGRP respond if there
is no feasible successor route to a destination network and the successor route fails?

39. Refer to the exhibit. Hosts on the BOS Fa0/0 LAN are able to ping the Fa0/1 interface on the JAX
router and all interfaces on the BOS and ORL routers. Why would hosts from the 10.0.0.0/24 network not
be able to ping hosts on the Fa0/0 LAN of the JAX router?
The JAX router has the wrong process ID.
The JAX router needs the network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 command.
The BOS router needs the network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 command
40. Which three statements describe the operation of routing with EIGRP? (Choose three.)
As new neighbors are discovered, entries are placed in a neighbor table.

If the feasible successor has a higher advertised cost than the current successor route, then it becomes the
primary route.
If hello packets are not received within the hold time, DUAL must recalculate the topology.
The reported distance is the distance to a destination as advertised by a neighbor.
EIGRP maintains full knowledge of the network topology in the topology table and exchanges full routing
information with neighboring routers in every update.
EIGRP builds one routing table that contains routes for all configured routed protocols.
41. Refer to the exhibit. What happens to a packet that has 172.16.0.0/16 as the best match in the routing
table that is shown?
The packet is discarded.

The packet is flooded out all interfaces.
The packet is forwarded via Serial0/0/0.
The packet is forwarded via FastEthernet0/0.
RIPv1
RIPv2
EIGRP
OSPF
43. Refer to the exhibit. Which two statements are true based on the exhibited output? (Choose two.)

The EIGRP routing protocol is being used.
There is one feasible successor in the routing table.
The serial interface S0/0/0 is administratively down.
The router is originating the route to 172.16.1.0/24 via the S0/0/0 interface
44. Refer to the exhibit. Two routers are unable to establish an adjacency. What is the possible cause for
this?
They have different process IDs
45. What command would the network administrator apply to a router that is running OSPF to advertise the
entire range of addresses included in 172.16.0.0/19 in area 0?
R1(config-router)# network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0


administrative distance mismatch
interface network type mismatch

no loopback interface configured
gateway of last resort not redistributed
47. Which two components are used to determine the router ID in the configuration of the OSPF routing
process? (Choose two.)
the IP address of the first FastEthernet interface
the highest IP address of any logical interface

the highest IP address of any physical interface
the default gateway IP address
the priority value of 1 on any physical interface

49. Refer to the exhibit. All interfaces are configured with the correct IP addresses and subnet masks. OSPF
has been configured as the routing protocol. During troubleshooting, it is determined that hosts on network
B can ping the Lo0 interface on R1 but are unable to reach hosts on network A. What is the cause of the
problem?

The configuration of router R1 fails to include network A in the OSPF routing process
50. Refer to the exhibit. The interface addresses and OSPF priorities are configured as shown. Because of
the boot order of the routers, router A is currently the DR and router B is the BDR. If router A fails and is
replaced the next day by a new router, router D, what OSPF protocol action or actions will happen?
Router D will be elected DR, and router C will become the BDR.
Router D will be elected DR, and router B will remain the BDR.
Router C will become the DR, and router B will become the BDR.
Router B will remain the BDR, and OSPF will function on the segment via the use of only the BDR
1. Refer to the exhibit. The output of the show IP route command for three routers on a
network is displayed. All routers are operational, pings are not blocked on this network,
and no default routes are installed. Which two pings will fail? (Choose two.)
• from R1 to 172.16.1.1
• from R1 to 192.168.3.1
• from R2 to 192.168.1.1
• from R2 to 192.168.3.1
• from R3 to 192.168.1.1
2. A router that uses the RIP routing protocol has an entry for a network in the routing
table. It then receives an update with another entry for the same destination network but
with a lower hop count. What action will the router take for this new update?
• It will append the update information to the routing table.
• It will invalidate the entry for that network in the routing table.
• It will replace the existing routing table entry with the new information.
• It will ignore the new update.
3. Which two statements are true for OSPF Hello packets? (Choose two.)
• They negotiate correct parameters among neighboring interfaces.
• They are used for dynamic neighbor discovery.
• They use timers to elect the designated router with the fastest link.
• They are received from all routers on the network and used to determine the complete
network topology.
• They are used to maintain neighbor relationships.
4. A network administrator needs to configure a single router to load-balance the traffic

over unequal cost paths. Which routing protocol should the administrator use?
• EIGRP
• OSPF
• RIPv1
• RIPv2
5. Which two statements are correct about the split horizon with poison reverse method
of routing loop prevention? (Choose two.)
• It is enabled by default on all Cisco IOS implementations.
• It assigns a value that represents an infinite metric to the poisoned route.
• It sends back the poisoned route update to the same interface from where it was
received.
• It instructs routers to hold all changes that might affect routes, for a specified period of
time.
• It limits the number of hops a packet can traverse through the network before it is
discarded.
6. Refer to the exhibit. The show cdp neighbors command was run on one of the devices
as shown. Based on this information, which two facts can be determined? (Choose two.)
• The command was run on the router.
• ABCD is a non-CISCO device.
• Layer 3 connectivity between two devices exists.
• ABCD supports routing capability.
• ABCD is connected to the Fa0/0 interface of the neighboring device.
7. Refer to the exhibit. The network has three connected routers: R1, R2 and R3. The
routes of all three routers are displayed. What can be verified from the output?
• R1 and R3 are connected to each other via the S0/0/0 interface.
• The IP address of the S0/0/0 interface of R1 is 10.1.1.2.
• The IP address of the S0/0/1 interface of R2 is 10.3.3.2.
• R2 is connected to the S0/0/1 interface of R3.
8. Refer to the exhibit. Which three statements are true of the routing table for Router1?
(Choose three.)
• The route to network 172.16.0.0 has an AD of 156160.
• Network 192.168.0.16 can best be reached using FastEthernet0/0.
• The AD of EIGRP routes has been manually changed to a value other than the default
value.
• Router1 is running both the EIGRP and OSPF routing process.
• Network 172.17.0.0 can only be reached using a default route.
• No default route has been configured.
9. Refer to the exhibit. All the routers are properly configured to use the RIP routing
protocol with default settings, and the network is fully converged. Router A is forwarding
data to router E. Which statement is true about the routing path?
• Router A will send the data via the A-D-E path that is listed in the routing table.
• Router A will load-balance the traffic between A-B-E and A-C-E.
• Router A will determine that all paths have equal metric cost.
• Router A will send the data through A-D-E and keep A-B-E and A-C-E as the backup
paths.
10. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator has run the following command on
R1.
R1# ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.2What is the result of running this
command?
• Traffic for network 192.168.2.0 is forwarded to 172.16.1.2.
• This route is automatically propagated throughout the entire network.
• Traffic for all networks is forwarded to 172.16.1.2.
• The command invokes a dynamic routing protocol for 192.168.2.0.
11. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator is planning IP addressing of a new
network. What part of this addressing scheme must be changed to allow communication
between host A and the server?
• the IP address of the server
• the default gateway of host A
• the IP address of host A
• the default gateway of the server
12. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has configured OSPF using the
following command:
network 192.168.1.32 0.0.0.31 area 0
Which router interface will participate in OSPF?
• FastEthernet 0/0
• FastEthernet 0/1
• Serial 0/0/0
• Serial 0/0/1
13. Refer to the exhibit. All routers are configured to run RIPv1 and are fully converged.
Which routing updates will be received by R3?
• updates for 192.168.1.0/24 and 192.168.2.0/24
• updates for 172.16.2.0/24 and 172.16.3.0/24
• updates for 172.16.1.0/24, 172.16.2.0/24 and 172.16.3.0/24
• updates for 172.16.0.0/16
14. Refer to the exhibit. Both routers are using the RIP protocol. Devices on the
192.168.1.1 network can ping the S0/0/0 interface on R2 but cannot ping devices on the
192.168.2.1 network. What is a possible cause of this problem?
• The routers are configured with different versions of RIP.
• R2 is not forwarding the routing updates.
• The R1 configuration should include the no auto-summary command.
• The maximum path number has been exceeded.
15. When a router boots, what is the default order to locate the Cisco IOS if there is no
boot system command?
• ROM, TFTP server, flash
• flash, TFTP server, RAM
• flash, NVRAM, TFTP server
• ROM, flash, TFTP server

• Router1
• Router2
• Router3
• Router4
17. Which mechanism helps to avoid routing loops by advertising a metric of infinity?
• route poisoning
• split horizon
• hold-down timer
• triggered updates
18. Refer to the exhibit. What is the meaning of the highlighted value 120?
• It is the metric that is calculated by the routing protocol.
• It is the value that is used by the DUAL algorithm to determine the bandwidth for the
link.
• It is the administrative distance of the routing protocol.
• It is the hold-down time, measured in seconds, before the next update.
19. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator successfully pings R1 from R3. Next,
the administrator runs the show cdp neighbors command on R3. The output of this
command is displayed.What are two reasons for the absence of R1 in the output? (Choose
two.)
• There is a Layer 2 connectivity problem between R1 and R3.
• The Fa0/0 interface of R1 is configured with an incorrect IP address.
• The no cdp run command has been run at R1.
• The no cdp enable command has been run at Fa0/1 interface of R3.R1 is powered off.
20. Refer to the exhibit. A device is required to complete the connection between router
R1 and the WAN. Which two devices can be used for this? (Choose two.)
• a CSU/DSU device
• a modem
• an Ethernet switch
• a hub
• a bridge
21. In a complex lab test environment, a router has discovered four paths to
192.168.1.0/24 via the use of the RIP routing process. Which route will be installed in the
routing table after the discovery of all four paths?
• R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/3] via 192.168.110.1, 00:00:17, Serial 0/1/0
• R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.200.1, 00:00:17, Serial 0/0/0
• R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.100.1, 00:00:17, Serial 0/0/1
• R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/4] via 192.168.101.1, 00:00:17, Serial 0/1/1
22. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator accesses router R1 from the console
port to configure a newly connected interface. What passwords will the network
administrator need to enter to make the connection and the necessary configuration
changes?
• the Cisco123 password only
• the Cisco001 password and the Cisco789 passwords
• the Cisco001 password and the Cisco123 passwords
23. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator adds this command to router R1: ip
route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 S0/0/0. What is the result of adding this command?
• This route is automatically propagated throughout the network.
• The traffic for network 172.16.1.0 is forwarded to network 192.168.2.0.
• A static route is established.
• The traffic for all Class C networks is forwarded to 172.16.1.2.
24. Refer to the exhibit. The router receives a packet that is destined for 192.168.5.79.
How will the router handle this packet?
• It will forward the packet via the Serial0/0/1 interface.
• It will forward the packet via the FastEthernet0/0 interface.
• It will forward the packet via the Serial0/0/0 interface.
• It will drop the packet.
25. Which two statements are true about classless routing protocols? (Choose two.)
• They can be used for discontiguous subnets.
• They can forward supernet routes in routing updates.
• They cannot implement classful routes in routing tables.
• They use only a hop count metric.
• They do not include the subnet mask in routing updates.
•1
•3
•4
•6
27. A router has EIGRP configured as the only routing protocol. In what two ways does
EIGRP respond if there is no feasible successor route to a destination network and the
successor route fails? (Choose two.)
• It broadcasts hello packets to all routers in the network to re-establish neighbor
adjacencies.
• It sends queries to adjacent neighbors until a new successor route is found.
• It immediately sends its entire routing table to its neighbors.
• It sends queries to adjacent neighbors until the lost route is unknown to the neighbors.
• It automatically forwards traffic to a fallback default route until a successor route is
found.
28. Refer to the exhibit. Packets destined to which two networks will require the router to
perform a recursive lookup? (Choose two.)
• 10.0.0.0/8
• 64.100.0.0/16
• 128.107.0.0/16
• 172.16.40.0/24
• 192.168.1.0/24
• 192.168.2.0/24
29. Refer to the exhibit. Which two statements are true based on the exhibited output?
(Choose two.)
• The administrative distance of EIGRP has been set to 50.
• All routes are stable.
• The show ip eigrp topology command has been run on R1.
• The serial interface between the two routers is down.
• Each route has one feasible successor.
30. Refer to the exhibit. All routers are properly configured with default configurations
and are running the OSPF routing protocol. The network is fully converged. A host on
the 192.168.3.0/24 network is communicating with a host on the 192.168.2.0/24 network.
Which path will be used to transmit the data?
• The data will be transmitted via R3-R2.
• The data will be transmitted via R3-R1-R2.
• The traffic will be load-balanced between two paths — one via R3-R2, and the other via
R3-R1-R2.
• The data will be transmitted via R3-R2, and the other path via R3-R1-R2 will be
retained as the backup path.
31. A network administrator has enabled RIP on routers B and C in the network diagram.
Which of the following commands will prevent RIP updates from being sent to Router
A?
• A(config)# router rip
• B(config)# router rip
• A(config)# router rip
• B(config)# router rip
• A(config)# no router rip
32. Refer to the exhibit. The hosts on the R1 LAN are unable to access the Internet. What
is incorrectly configured?
• the IP address of the Fa 0/0 interface at R1
• the IP address of the S 0/0/1 interface at R2
• the IP address of the S 0/0/0 interface at R1
• the subnet mask of the S 0/0/1 interface at R2
33. Refer to the exhibit. A ping from R1 to 10.1.1.2 is successful, but a ping from R1 to
192.168.2.0 fails. What is the cause of this problem?
• There is no gateway of last resort at R1.
• The serial interface between the two routers is down.
• A default route is not configured on R1.
• The static route for 192.168.2.0 is incorrectly configured.
34. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator has run the show ip protocol
command on R1. What can be determined from the exhibited output?
• The router is using RIPv2.
• The router is not forwarding routing updates.
• The router is receiving updates for both versions of RIP.
• The FastEthernet0/0 interface is down.
35. Refer to the exhibit. All routers are configured to use the EIGRP routing protocol
with default settings, all routes are advertised on all routers, and the network is fully
converged. Which path will the data take to travel between 172.16.1.0/24 and
192.168.100.0/24?
• It will travel via A, B, and C.
• It will travel via A, F, E, D, and C.
• It will travel via A, G, H, and C.
• The traffic will be load-balanced on all paths.
36. Refer to the exhibit. All routers are configured for OSPF area 0. The network
administrator requires that R2 always be the DR and maintain adjacency.Which two
configurations can achieve this? (Choose two.)
• Change the OSPF area of R2 to a higher value.
• Change the router ID for R2 by assigning the IP address 172.16.30.5/24 to the Fa0/0
interface.
• Change the priority values of the Fa0/0 interfaces of R1 and R3 to 0.
• Configure a loopback interface on R2, with an IP address higher than any IPaddress on
the other routers.
• Configure R1 and R3 with an IP address whose value is higher than that of R2.
37. Refer to the exhibit. Host A is unable to access the Internet, and troubleshooting has
revealed that this is due to an addressing problem. What is incorrectly configured in this
network?
• the IP address of the Fa 0/0 interface of R1
• the subnet mask of the S 0/0/0 interface of R1
• the IP address of the S 0/0/0 interface of R1
• the subnet mask of the S0/0/0 interface of R2
38. Refer to the exhibit. All routes are advertised and fully operational on all routers.
Which statement is true about the path that the data will take from router A to router B?
• If EIGRP is used with default configurations, the data will be equally distributed
between two paths — A, D, B and A, C, D.
• If RIPv1 is used with default configurations, the data will be load-balanced on all paths.
• If EIGRP and OSPF are both used with default configurations, the data will be sent
through paths learned by the OSPF protocol.
• If RIPv2 is used with default configurations, the data will be equally distributed
between two paths — A, D, B and A, C, D.
39. Refer to the exhibit. The interfaces of all routers are configured for OSPF area 0. R3
can ping R1, but the two routers are unable to establish a neighbor adjacency. What
should the network administrator do to troubleshoot this problem?
• Check if the interfaces of the routers are enabled.
• Check the hello and dead intervals between the routers.
• Check the process ID of both routers.
• Check if CDP is enabled on all the routers.
40. Refer to the exhibit. What information can be determined from the highlighted
output?
• R1 is originating the route 172.30.200.32/28.
• Automatic summarization is disabled.
• The 172.30.200.16/28 network is one hop away from R1.
• A classful routing protocol is being used.
41. Which two router component and operation pair are correctly described? (Choose
two.)
• DRAM -loads the bootstrap
• RAM -stores the operating system
• Flash -executes diagnostics at bootup
• NVRAM -stores the configuration file
• ROM -stores the backup configuration file
• POST -runs diagnostics on hardware modules
42. Which routing protocol by default uses bandwidth and delay to calculate the metric of
a route?
• RIPv1
• RIPv2
• OSPF
• EIGRP
43. Two routers need to be configured within a single OSPF area. Which two components
need to be configured on both routers to achieve this? (Choose two.)
• the same process ID
• the same area ID
• network addresses and wildcard masks
• the same router ID
• the same loop back address
44. Refer to the exhibit. The networks that are connected to R1 have been summarized
for R2 as 192.168.136.0/21. Which packet destination address will R2 forward to R1?
• 192.168.135.1
• 192.168.142.1
• 192.168.144.1
• 192.168.128.1
45. Refer to the exhibit. R1 is running RIP with default parameters. R1 has learned four
different paths with the same metrics to network 192.168.6.0. Which path or paths will
R1 use to forward a packet that is destined to 192.168.6.10?
• the first path that the router learned.
• only the first two of the four paths that the router learned.
• the last path that the router learned.
• all four paths.

• It connects multiple IP networks.
• It controls the flow of data via the use of Layer 2 addresses.
• It determines the best path to send packets.
• It manages the VLAN database.
• It increases the size of the broadcast domain.
47. Refer to the exhibit. Which statement is true about the routing process for this
network?
• A packet leaves interface Fa0/0 of R1 with the source MAC address as
000C.3010.9260.
• The packet leaves interface Fa0/0 of R1 with the source MAC address as
000C.3010.9260.
• The no shutdown command needs to run on the Fa0/0 interface of R1.
• The Fa0/0 interface of R2 could be configured with the IP address 172.16.4.1/24.
48. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has run the show interface command.
The output of this command is displayed. What is the first step that is required to make
this interface operational?
• Switch the cable with a known working cable.
• Issue the no shutdown command on the interface.
• Configure the interface as a loopback interface.
• Set the encapsulation for the interface.
49. Refer to the exhibit. R1 is configured properly for a single area OSPF, and R2 has
been recently installed in the network. Which set of commands is required to configure a
single area OSPF for the networks that are connected to R2?
• R2(config)# router ospf 1
R2(config)# router ospf 2
50. Refer to the exhibit. The command ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/0/0 is run on router R2.
What are the two results of this command? (Choose two.)
• A static route will be updated in the routing table.
• The traffic from the Internet will be directed to R2.
• The traffic from the source network 172.16.0.0/22 will be blocked.
• The route will be specified as the default route for all networks not defined in the
routing table.
• All the broadcasts will be forwarded via the S0/0/0 interface of R2.
51. Which three statements are true regarding the encapsulation and de-encapsulation of
packets when traveling through a router? (Choose three.)
• The router modifies the TTL field, decrementing it by one.
• The router changes the source IP to the IP of the exit interface.
• The router maintains the same source and destination IP.
• The router changes the source physical address to the physical address of the exit
interface.
• The router changes the destination IP to the IP of the exit interface.
• The router sends the packet out all other interfaces, besides the one it entered the router
on.
52. What are two tasks that must be completed before two routers can use OSPF to form
a neighbor adjacency? (Choose two.)
• The routers must elect a designated router.
• The routers must agree on the network type.
• The routers must use the same dead interval.
• The routers must exchange link state requests.
• The routers must exchange database description packets.
53. Refer to the exhibit. Although both the routers can ping the serial interface of their
neighbors, they are unable to ping the Ethernet interfaces of other routers. Which two
statements are true for this network? (Choose two.)
• The administrative distance has been set to 50 on both routers.
• R2 is learning about network 192.168.1.0.
• R1 is learning about network 192.168.2.0.
• The network 10.1.1.0 command has not been run on both routers.
• Autosummarization is enabled on both routers.
54. Which two situations require the use of a link-state protocol? (Choose two.)
• Fast convergence of the network is critical.
• The network is very large.
• The network administrator has limited knowledge to configure and troubleshoot routing
protocols.The network is a flat network.
• The capacity of the router is low.
55. Refer to the exhibit. What information can be determined from the displayed output?
• EIGRP packets are waiting to be sent to the neighbors.
• The adjacencies between the routers are yet to be established.
• The IP address 192.168.10.10 is configured at serial interface S0/0/1 of router R2.
• Router R2 is receiving hello packets from a neighbor with the IP address 192.168.10.10
via the R2 S0/0/1 interface.
56. Refer to the exhibit. PC1 is unable to access the Internet. What is the cause of the
problem?
• An incorrect IP address is configured between the two routers.
• No static route is configured on Router2.
• A routing loop has occurred.
• No routing protocol is configured on either of the two routers.
57. Refer to the exhibit. What summarization should R2 use to advertise its LAN
networks to R1?
• 172.16.0.0/24
• 172.16.4.0/22
• 172.16.4.0/23
• 172.16.4.0/24
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Take Assessment - ERouting Final Exam - CCNA Exploration: Routing Protocols and Concepts (Version
4.0)
Time Remaining:
1 Using default settings, what is the next step in the router boot sequence after the IOS loads from flash?
Perform the POST routine.
Search for a backup IOS in ROM.
Load the bootstrap program from ROM.
Load the running-config file from RAM.
Locate and load the startup-config file from NVRAM.
Refer to the exhibit. The command ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/0/0 is run on router R2. What are the two results of this command?
(Choose two.)
A static route will be updated in the routing table.
The traffic from the Internet will be directed to R2.
The traffic from the source network 172.16.0.0/22 will be blocked.
The route will be specified as the default route for all networks not defined in the routing table.
All the broadcasts will be forwarded via the S0/0/0 interface of R2.
3 Which three statements about routing protocols are true? (Choose three.)
EIGRP supports unequal cost load balancing.
RIP cannot be configured to allow classless routing.
OSPF elects designated routers on multiaccess links.
RIP does not advertise a route beyond a hop count of 15.
EIGRP uses broadcast traffic to establish adjacencies with its neighbors.
OSPF can convergence more quickly because it can find a feasible successor in its topology table when a successor route goes
down.
4 Which two statements are true about the EIGRP successor route? (Choose two.)
It is saved in the topology table for use if the primary route fails.
It may be backed up by a feasible successor route.
It is used by EIGRP to forward traffic to the destination.
It is flagged as active in the routing table.
After the discovery process has occurred, the successor route is stored in the neighbor table.
5 Which statement correctly describes a feasible successor in EIGRP?

It is a primary route that is stored in the routing table.
It is a backup route that is stored in the routing table.
It is a primary route that is stored in the topology table.
It is a backup route that is stored in the topology table.
6 A network administrator is in charge of two separate networks that share a single building. What device will be required to connect the
two networks and add a common connection to the Internet that can be shared?
hub
router
1z5 2010-02-25 19:39

access point
Ethernet switch
Refer to the exhibit. Although R2 is configured correctly, host A is unable to access the Internet. What are two static routes that can be
configured on R1, either of which would enable Internet connectivity for host A? (Choose two.)
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Fa0/0
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Fa0/1
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.1.1
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.1.2
ip route 209.165.202.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.1
Refer to the exhibit. Two routers that are configured for area 0 are unable to establish neighbor adjacency. Which two configuration
changes should be made to resolve this problem? (Choose two.)
Both the routers should be configured for the same router ID.
The serial interface of both the routers must be configured in the same subnet.
Both the routers should be configured as designated routers.
Both the routers should be configured for the same process ID.
The network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0 command must be issued on both routers.
2z5 2010-02-25 19:39

Refer to the exhibit. PC1 is unable to access the Internet. What is the cause of the problem?
An incorrect IP address is configured between the two routers.
No static route is configured on Router2.
A routing loop has occurred.
No routing protocol is configured on either of the two routers.
10 Which mechanism helps to avoid routing loops by advertising a metric of infinity?

route poisoning
split horizon
hold-down timer
triggered updates
11
Refer to the exhibit. Two remote sites are connected to the HQ router. The router New is configured using RIPv2 and the router BR1 is
configured using EIGRP. If HQ is configured with RIPv2 and EIGRP, how will the 172.16.10.0/24 network be added to the routing table of
HQ after the network converges?
with two paths of the same cost to the 172.16.10.0/24 network
with one path to the 172.16.10.0/24 network via router BR1
with one path to the 172.16.10.0/24 network via router NEW
with two paths of different cost to the 172.16.10.0/24 network
12 How will a router that is configured with a classless routing protocol determine the subnet mask that should be assigned to routes that
are learned from neighboring classless routers?
The subnet mask that is included in the routing updates will be used.
The subnet mask of the interface that receives the update will be used.
3z5 2010-02-25 19:39

The subnet mask that is specified in the network command will be used.
The class of the network in the update will determine the subnet mask that is used.
13
Refer to the exhibit. How many routes are both level 1 and qualify for use as an ultimate route?
1
2
3
4
5
6
14
Refer to the exhibit. The hosts that are connected to R2 are unable to ping the hosts that are connected to R1. How can this problem be
resolved?
Configure the router ID on both routers.
Configure the R2 router interfaces for area 0.
Configure a loopback interface on both routers.
Configure the proper subnet masks on the router interfaces.
15 Which two router component and operation pair are correctly described? (Choose two.)
DRAM - loads the bootstrap
RAM - stores the operating system
Flash - executes diagnostics at bootup
NVRAM - stores the configuration file
ROM - stores the backup configuration file
POST - runs diagnostics on hardware modules
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Assessment System
1. Assessment Selection 2. Assessment Settings 3. Take Assessment
Take Assessment - ERouting Final Exam - CCNA Exploration: Routing Protocols and Concepts (Version
4.0)
Time Remaining:
31 Which subnetting scheme will accommodate a network of 10 LANs, each of which contains a minimum of 2000 hosts?
10.0.0.0/10
10.0.0.0/11
172.16.0.0/18
172.16.0.0/20
32
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is troubleshooting the OSPF network. The 10.10.0.0/16 network is not showing up in the
routing table of Router1. What is the probable cause of this problem?
The serial interface on Router2 is down.
The OSPF process is not running on Router2.
The OSPF process is configured incorrectly on Router1.
There is an incorrect wildcard mask statement for network 10.10.0.0/16 on Router2.
33
1z5 2010-02-25 19:59

Refer to the exhibit. All routers are properly configured with default configurations and are running the OSPF routing protocol. The
network is fully converged. A host on the 192.168.3.0/24 network is communicating with a host on the 192.168.2.0/24 network.
Which path will be used to transmit the data?

The data will be transmitted via R3-R2.
The data will be transmitted via R3-R1-R2.
The traffic will be load-balanced between two paths — one via R3-R2, and the other via R3-R1-R2.
The data will be transmitted via R3-R2, and the other path via R3-R1-R2 will be retained as the backup path.
34 Which statement correctly describes a feature of RIP?

RIP is a link-state routing protocol.
RIP uses only one metric—hop count— for path selection.
Advertised routes with hop counts greater than 10 are unreachable.
Messages are broadcast every 10 seconds.
35
Refer to the exhibit. Which host has a combination of IP address and subnet mask on the same network as Fa0/0 of Router1?
host A
host B
host C
host D
36
Refer to the exhibit. Which two facts can be derived from this output? (Choose two.)
Three network devices are directly connected to Router2.
The serial interface between Router2 and Router3 is up.
Router1 and Router3 are directly connected.
Six devices are up and running on the network.
Layer 3 functionality between routers is configured properly.
37 Which statement is true regarding routing metrics?

All routing protocols use the same metrics.
EIGRP uses bandwidth as its only metric.
2z5 2010-02-25 19:59

Routers compare metrics to determine the best route.

The larger metric generally represents the better path.
38 In which situation would a default static route be recommended?

when connecting an edge router to the Internet
when variable length subnet masking is in effect
when there is more than one valid route for a destination network
when a destination network has a larger mask than any routes in the routing table
39 When would the network administrator use the ip bandwidth-percent eigrp as-number percent command?
when there is a low bandwidth connection
when the connection is on a shared medium
when the connection is serial instead of Ethernet
when the link is always busy
40
Refer to the exhibit. Routers R1 and R2 are directly connected via their serial interfaces and are both running the EIGRP routing
protocol. R1 and R2 can ping the directly connected serial interface of their neighbor, but they cannot form an EIGRP neighbor
adjacency.
What action should be taken to solve this problem?

Enable the serial interfaces of both routers.
Configure EIGRP to send periodic updates.
Configure the same hello interval between the routers.
Configure both routers with the same EIGRP process ID.
41
Refer to the exhibit. Which two statements are true based on the exhibited output? (Choose two.)
All routes are stable.
3z5 2010-02-25 19:59

Each route has one feasible successor.

The serial interface between the two routers is down.
The administrative distance of EIGRP has been set to 50.
The show ip eigrp topology command has been run on R1.
42
Refer to the exhibit. Which route will be removed from the routing table if manual EIGRP summarization is disabled the Serial0/0/0
interface of R3?
0.0.0.0/0
172.16.0.0/16
172.16.1.0/24
172.16.3.0/30
43 You have been asked to explain converged networks to a trainee. How would you accurately describe a converged network?
A network is converged when all routers have formed an adjacency.
A network is converged immediately after a topology change has occurred.
A network is converged when all routers flush the unreachable networks from their routing tables.
A network is converged after all routers share the same information, calculate best paths, and update their routing tables.
44
Refer to the exhibit. Routers R1 and R3 use different routing protocols with default administrative distance values. All devices are
properly configured and the destination network is advertised by both protocols.
Which path will be used to transmit the data packets from PC1 to PC2?
The packets will travel via R2-R3, and the other path via R2-R1 will be retained as the backup path.
4z5 2010-02-25 19:59

45
Refer to the exhibit. A static route was configured on router R1 to forward packets to the remote networks. During a network upgrade, the
network administrator configured RIPv2 on all routers in the network. What will router R1 do with a packet that is sourced from PC1 and
destined for PC3?
The packet will be forwarded out the Serial0/0/0 interface via the static route.
The packet will be forwarded out the FastEthernet0/1 interface via the static route.
The packet will be forwarded out the Serial0/0/0 interface via the route that is learned through RIP.
The packet will be forwarded out the FastEthernet0/1 interface via the route that is learned through RIP.
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5z5 2010-02-25 19:59

1 Refer to the exhibit. While trying to diagnose a routing problem in the network, the network
administrator runs the debug ip rip command. What can be determined from the output of
this command?
The router is broadcasting RIP updates.

The router will be unable to ping 192.168.1.2.
The router is directly connected to network 172.16.1.0 /24.
The router has two interfaces that participate in the RIP process.
2 The network administrator configures the router with the
ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.2.2 command.
How will this route appear in the routing table?
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0

S 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0
C 172.16.1.0 [1/0] via 172.16.2.2
S 172.16.1.0 [1/0] via 172.16.2.2
3 When connecting two devices, which situation would normally require the use of a crossover
cable?
connecting a host to a switch

connecting a switch to a router
connecting a switch to a switch
connecting a host to a router console port
4
Refer to the exhibit. Which path will traffic from the 172.16.1.0/24 network take to get to
the 10.0.0.0/24 network?
ADC
ABC
It will load balance the traffic between ADC and ABC
It will send the traffic via ABC, and will use ADC as a backup path only when ABC
fails.
Refer to the exhibit. A company uses static routing for its internal network.
The network administrator at the HR branch decides to modify the static routes by
adding two commands ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 serial 0/0/0 and ip route
172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0 serial 0/0/0 on the HR router.
What is the effect in the running configuration after adding these two commands?
A total of four static routes will appear.

The original two static routes will be replaced by two new static routes.
Only the two original static routes will appear. The two new static routes will be
discarded.
The two new static routes will not appear in the configuration, but are kept in the
database as backup.
Refer to the exhibit. A device is required to complete the connection between router R1 and
the WAN. Which two devices can be used for this? (Choose two.)
a CSU/DSU device
a modem
an Ethernet switch
a hub
a bridge
Refer to the exhibit. What summarization should R2 use to advertise its LAN networks to
R1?
172.16.0.0/24
172.16.4.0/22
172.16.4.0/23
172.16.4.0/24
8
Refer to the exhibit. Packets destined to which two networks will require the router to
perform a recursive lookup? (Choose two.)
10.0.0.0/8
64.100.0.0/16
128.107.0.0/16
172.16.40.0/24
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.2.0/24
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator adds this command to router R1: ip route
192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 S0/0/0. What is the result of adding this command?
This route is automatically propagated throughout the network.
The traffic for network 172.16.1.0 is forwarded to network 192.168.2.0.
A static route is established.
The traffic for all Class C networks is forwarded to 172.16.1.2.
It is the
metric
that is
calculat
ed by It is the value that is used by the DUAL algorithm to determine the
the bandwidth for the link.
routing
protocol
.
It is the administrative distance of the routing protocol.
It is the hold-down time, measured in seconds, before the next update.
Refer to the exhibit. What is the meaning of the highlighted value 120?
10
11 When presented with multiple valid routes to a destination, what criteria does a router use to
determine which routes to add to the routing table?
The router selects the routes with the best metric. All routes that have the same best
metric are added to the routing table.
The router first selects routes with the lowest administrative distance. The resulting
routes are then prioritized by metric and the routes with the best metric are added to the
routing table.
The router selects the routes with the lowest administrative distance. All routes with the
same lowest administrative distance are added to the routing table.
The router installs all routes in the routing table but uses the route with the best metric
most when load balancing.
12 A router has learned two equal cost paths to a remote network via the EIGRP and RIP
protocols. Both protocols are using their default configurations. Which path to the remote
network will be installed in the routing table?
the path learned via EIGRP
the path learned via RIP
the path with the highest metric value
both paths with load balancing
13 Which two statements are true for link-state routing protocols? (Choose two.)
Routers that run a link-state protocol can establish a complete topology of the network.
Routers in a multipoint network that run a link-state protocol can exchange routing
tables.
Routers use only hop count for routing decisions.
The shortest path first algorithm is used.
Split horizon is used to avoid routing loops.
14
Refer to the exhibit. When the show cdp neighbors command is issued from router C, which
devices will be displayed in the output?
B, D
A, B, D
D, SWH-2
SWH-1, A, B
SWH-1, SWH-2
A, B, D, SWH-1, SWH-2
15
Refer to the exhibit. Which two statements are true based on the exhibited output? (Choose
two.)
All routes are stable.
The show ip eigrp topology command has been run on R1.
16
Refer to the exhibit. When a static IP address is being configured on the host, what address
should be used for the default gateway?
10.1.1.1
10.1.1.2
172.16.1.1
192.168.1.1
17
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator accesses router R1 from the console port to
configure a newly connected interface. What passwords will the network administrator need to
enter to make the connection and the necessary configuration changes?
the Cisco123 password only
the Cisco001 password and the Cisco789 passwords
the Cisco001 password and the Cisco123 passwords
18
Refer to the exhibit. The network is using the RIPv2 routing protocol. If network 10.0.0.0 goes
down, what mechanism will prevent Router1 from advertising false routing information back to
Router2?
triggered updates
poison reverse
holddown timers
split horizon
19
Refer to exhibit. A company network engineer enters the following commands in the routers:
R1(config)# ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.2

R2(config)# ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1
When the engineer enters the show ip route command on R1, the routing table does not display
the static route to the 10.1.1.0 network. All R1 and R2 interfaces are correctly addressed per the
graphic. What is a logical next step that the engineer could take in order to make the static route
display in the routing table in R1?
Enter default routes in R1 and R2.
Enable the R1 and R2 serial interfaces.
Configure the static route to use an exit interface instead of a next-hop address.
Enter the copy run start command to force the router to recognize the configuration.
20
Refer to the exhibit. Which statement is true about the EIGRP routing process on the network?
EIGRP autosummarization is disabled on RouterA.
The default EIGRP administrative distance has been changed on RouterB.
Packets to the 172.16.0.0/24 network are forwarded to RouterA from RouterB.
The metric that is used by the EIGRP process on RouterB to forward packets to Router A is
90.
Refer to the exhibit. Which host has a combination of IP address and subnet mask on the same
network as Fa0/0 of Router1?
host A
host B
host C
host D
22
Refer to the exhibit. The command ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/0/0 is run on router R2. What are
the two results of this command? (Choose two.)
A static route will be updated in the routing table.
The traffic from the Internet will be directed to R2.
The traffic from the source network 172.16.0.0/22 will be blocked.
The route will be specified as the default route for all networks not defined in the routing
table.
All the broadcasts will be forwarded via the S0/0/0 interface of R2.
23
Refer to the exhibit. R1 is configured properly for a single area OSPF, and R2 has been recently
installed in the network. Which set of commands is required to configure a single area OSPF for
the networks that are connected to R2?
24
Refer to the exhibit. Hosts on the 192.168.1.0 network cannot communicate with hosts on the
172.16.1.1 network. The network administrator has run the show ip route command on R1.
What could be the cause of this problem?

The FastEthernet interface on R1 is disabled.
Autosummarization is enabled on R1.
The serial interface S0/0/0 of R1 is administratively down.
No static route or routing protocol is configured.
25
Refer to the exhibit. A network engineer has run the show version command on R3. Upon
rebooting, R3 does not load the start-up configuration settings.

There is insufficient NVRAM.
There is insufficient flash memory.
The configuration register is not configured with the default setting.
The system image file is not located in NVRAM.
26 A company is using static routes that are configured with an administrative distance of “1” on
all routers in the network. The network administrator decides to introduce a dynamic routing
protocol to reduce the manual configurations for the static routes. Which option identifies the
correct procedure for the dynamic routing to take place in the network?
The static routes and the dynamic routes will have the traffic alternate between them.
The static routes will be automatically removed once the dynamic routing is configured.
The static routes will be automatically updated with the next hop IP address once the
dynamic routing is configured.
The static routes must be manually removed from all routers in order for the dynamic routes
to be installed in the routing table.
27
Refer to the exhibit. R2 is configured correctly. The network administrator has configured R1 as
shown. Which two facts are true about the forwarding of route information by R1? (Choose
two.)
28 Which router component contains a scaled-down version of the IOS that can be used to reload a
complete version of the IOS in the event that the IOS becomes damaged or corrupted?
ROM
Flash
SDRAM
NVRAM
29
Refer to the exhibit. Host A is unable to access the Internet. What is the reason for this?
The IP address of host A is incorrect.
The default gateway of host A is incorrect.
The Fa0/1 interfaces of the two routers are configured for different subnets.
The subnet mask for the Fa0/0 interface of R1 is incorrect.
30
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has configured OSPF using the following
command:
network 192.168.1.32 0.0.0.31 area 0

FastEthernet0/0
FastEthernet0/1
Serial0/0/0
Serial0/0/1
31 A network administrator must use the subnet 172.16.128.0/18 to create 6 additional subnets each
containing up to 2000 hosts for local LANs. Which subnet mask should the administrator use to create
the new subnets?
255.255.224.0
255.255.240.0
255.255.248.0
255.255.252.0
32
Refer to the exhibit. Which three statements are true of the routing table for Router1? (Choose three.)
The route to network 172.16.0.0 has an AD of 156160.
Network 192.168.0.16 can best be reached using FastEthernet0/0.
The AD of EIGRP routes has been manually changed to a value other than the default value.
Router1 is running both the EIGRP and OSPF routing process.
Network 172.17.0.0 can only be reached using a default route.
No default route has been configured.
33
Refer to the exhibit. When troubleshooting a network, it is important to interpret the output of various
router commands. On the basis of the exhibit, which three statements are true? (Choose three.)
The missing information for Blank 1 is the command show ip route.
The missing information for Blank 1 is the command debug ip route.
The missing information for Blank 2 is the number 100.
The missing information for Blank 2 is the number 120.
The missing information for Blank 3 is the letter R.
The missing information for Blank 3 is the letter C.
34 Which statement correctly describes a feature of RIP?
RIP is a link-state routing protocol.
RIP uses only one metric—hop count— for path selection.
Advertised routes with hop counts greater than 10 are unreachable.
Messages are broadcast every 10 seconds.
35
Refer to the exhibit. The router receives a packet that is destined for 192.168.5.79. How will the router
handle this packet?
It will forward the packet via the FastEthernet0/0 interface.
It will forward the packet via the Serial0/0/0 interface.

It will forward the packet via the Serial0/0/1 interface.
36
Refer to the exhibit. OSPF is used for the routing protocol and all interfaces are configured with the
correct IP addresses and subnet masks. During testing, it is found that router R1 is unable to form an
adjacency with R2. What is the cause of this problem?
Both routers have been configured with incorrect router IDs.
Both routers have been configured in different OSPF areas.
Both routers have been configured with an incorrect network type.
Both routers have been configured with different hello and dead intervals.
37
Refer to the exhibit. The routers in the exhibit are running the EIGRP routing protocol. What statement is
true regarding how packets will travel from the 172.16.1.0/16 network to the 192.168.200.0/24
network?
The router chooses the path with the lowest administrative distance and installs only that route in
the routing table.
The router chooses the highest routing ID based on the advertised network IP addresses and installs
only that route in the routing table.
The router installs all the equal cost paths in the routing table but sends packets out only one,
holding the others in reserve in case the primary route goes down.
The router installs all the equal cost paths in the routing table and performs equal cost load
balancing to send packets out multiple exit interfaces.
38 How will a router that is configured with a classless routing protocol determine the subnet mask that
should be assigned to routes that are learned from neighboring classless routers?
The subnet mask that is included in the routing updates will be used.
The subnet mask of the interface that receives the update will be used.
The subnet mask that is specified in the network command will be used.
The class of the network in the update will determine the subnet mask that is used.
39 Two routers need to be configured within a single OSPF area. Which two components need to be
configured on both routers to achieve this? (Choose two.)
the same process ID

the same area ID
network addresses and wildcard masks
the same router ID
the same loop back address
40
Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator has run the following command on R1.
R1(config)# ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.1.2
What is the result of running this command?
Traffic for network 192.168.2.0 is forwarded to 172.16.1.2.
This route is automatically propagated throughout the entire network.
Traffic for all networks is forwarded to 172.16.1.2.
The command invokes a dynamic routing protocol for 192.168.2.0.
41 Which statement correctly describes a feasible successor in EIGRP?

It is a primary route that is stored in the routing table.
It is a backup route that is stored in the routing table.
It is a primary route that is stored in the topology table.
It is a backup route that is stored in the topology table.
42
Refer to the exhibit. Routers R1 and R2 are directly connected via their serial interfaces and are
both running the EIGRP routing protocol. R1 and R2 can ping the directly connected serial
interface of their neighbor, but they cannot form an EIGRP neighbor adjacency.

Configure both routers with the same EIGRP process ID.
43
Refer to the exhibit. What information can be determined from the displayed output?
EIGRP packets are waiting to be sent to the neighbors.
The adjacencies between the routers are yet to be established.
The IP address 192.168.10.10 is configured at serial interface S0/0/1 of router R2.
Router R2 is receiving hello packets from a neighbor with the IP address 192.168.10.10 via
the R2 S0/0/1 interface.
44
Refer to the exhibit. How many routes are ultimate routes?
3
4
5
7
45 What is the function of the OSPF LSU packet?

used to confirm receipt of certain types of OSPF packets
used to establish and maintain adjacency with other OSPF routers
used to request more information about any entry in the BDR
used to announce new OSPF information and to reply to certain types of requests
46
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is trying to determine why router JAX has no OSPF
routes in its routing table. All routers are configured for OSPF area 0. From the JAX router, the
administrator is able to ping its connected interfaces and the Fa0/1 interface of the ORL router
but no other router interfaces. What is a logical step that the network administrator should take to
troubleshoot the problem?
Reboot the routers.
Change the OSPF process ID on all of the routers to 0.
Check to see if the cable is loose between ORL and JAX.
Check to see if CDP packets are passing between the routers.
Use show and debug commands to determine if hellos are propagating.
47 Which three statements describe the operation of routing with EIGRP? (Choose three.)
If the feasible successor has a higher advertised cost than the current successor route, then it
becomes the primary route.
If hello packets are not received within the hold time, DUAL must recalculate the topology.
EIGRP maintains full knowledge of the network topology in the topology table and
exchanges full routing information with neighboring routers in every update.
48
Refer to the exhibit. The show cdp neighbors command was run on one of the devices as shown.
Based on this information, which two facts can be determined? (Choose two.)
The command was run on the router.
ABCD is a non- CISCO device.
Layer 3 connectivity between two devices exists.
ABCD supports routing capability.
ABCD is connected to the Fa0/0 interface of the neighboring device.
49
Refer to the exhibit. An administrator is adding a new subnet of 50 hosts to R3. Which subnet
address should be used for the new subnet that provides enough addresses while wasting a
minimum of addresses?
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.1.48 /28
192.168.1.32/27
192.168.1.64/26
50
Refer to the exhibit. R1 and R2 are adjacent routers both running RIP. All interfaces on both
routers are correctly configured and operational. Both routers are configured to include all
connected interfaces in routing updates. R2 is not showing any routes from R1 in the routing
table. What is the likely cause?
The adjacent interfaces are passive.
The distance of 120 exceeds 15 hops.
R2 will not accept version 1 updates from R1.
Routes are being summarized by R1 but not by R2.
51 What are two functions of a router? (Choose two.)
It forwards data packets toward their destination.
It forwards the packet to the destination if the TTL value is 0.
It changes the destination IP address of data packets before forwarding them to an exit
interface.
It determines the best path based on the destination MAC address.
It acts as an intersection between multiple IP networks.
52
Refer to the exhibit. The IP addresses on all interfaces on router R1 were configured before the
OSPF protocol had been enabled on the router. No OSPF router ID was manually configured.
Which IP address will be selected by the router as an OSPF router ID?
10.10.10.1
172.16.1.1
172.16.2.1
192.168.1.1
192.168.100.1
Final Exam - CCNA Exploration: Routing Protocols and Concepts (Version 4.0)
By: Ironman
1
Which routing protocol maintains a topology table separate from the routing table?
IGRP
RIPv1
RIPv2
*EIGRP
Refer to the exhibit. All routers are running RIPv1. The two networks 10.1.1.0/29 and 10.1.1.16/29 are unable to access each
other. What can be the cause of this problem?
*RIPv1 does not support discontiguous networks.
3
Which two statements are correct about the split horizon with poison reverse method of routing loop prevention? (Choose
two.)
*It assigns a value that represents an infinite metric to the poisoned route.
It sends back the poisoned route update to the same interface from where it was received.
*It limits the number of hops a packet can traverse through the network before it is discarded.
Holddown timers are used to prevent regular update messages from inappropriately reinstating a route that may
have gone bad.
The split horizon rule says that a router should not advertise a network through the interface from which the
update came.
Route poisoning is used to mark the route as unreachable in a routing update that is sent to other routers.
The rule for split horizon with poison reverse states when sending updates out a specific interface, designate any
networks that were learned on that interface as unreachable.
4
What are two reasons for the occurrence of a routing loop? (Choose two.)
slow convergence
*incorrectly configured static routes
routes that are learned via two routing protocols
*static and dynamic routing being used on the same router
lack of a default route on the router that connects to the Internet
The loop may be a result of:

Incorrectly configured route redistribution (redistribution is a process of handing the routing information from
one routing protocol to another routing protocol and is discussed in CCNP-level courses)
Inconsistent routing tables not being updated due to slow convergence in a changing network
Incorrectly configured or installed discard routes
5
All routers in a network are configured in a single OSPF area with the same priority value. No loopback interface has been
set on any of the routers. Which secondary value will the routers use to determine the router ID?
The highest MAC address among the active interfaces of the network will be used.
There will be no router ID until a loopback interface is configured.
The highest IP address among the active FastEthernet interfaces that are running OSPF will be used.
*The highest IP address among the active interfaces will be used.
Determining the Router ID

The OSPF router ID is used to uniquely identify each router in the OSPF routing domain. A router ID is simply an IP
address. Cisco routers derive the router ID based on three criteria and with the following precedence:
1. Use the IP address configured with the OSPF router-id command.
2. If the router-id is not configured, the router chooses highest IP address of any of its loopback interfaces.
3. If no loopback interfaces are configured, the router chooses highest active IP address of any of its physical interfaces.
Refer to the exhibit. Although R2 is configured correctly, host A is unable to access the Internet. What are two static
routes that can be configured on R1, either of which would enable Internet connectivity for host A? (Choose two.)
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Fa0/0
*ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Fa0/1
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.1.1
*ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.1.2
ip route 209.165.202.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.1
7
What is the function of the OSPF LSR packet?
*It is used by the receiving routers to request more information about any entry in the DBD.
It is used to check the database synchronization between routers
1. Hello - Hello packets are used to establish and maintain adjacency with other OSPF routers.
2. DBD - The Database Description (DBD) packet contains an abbreviated list of the sending router's link-state database
and is used by receiving routers to check against the local link-state database.
3. LSR - Receiving routers can then request more information about any entry in the DBD by sending a Link-State Request
(LSR).
4. LSU - Link-State Update (LSU) packets are used to reply to LSRs as well as to announce new information. LSUs contain
seven different types of Link-State Advertisements (LSAs). LSUs and LSAs are briefly discussed in a later topic.
5. LSAck - When an LSU is received, the router sends a Link-State Acknowledgement (LSAck) to confirm receipt of the
LSU.
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is accessing router R1 from the console port. Once the administrator is
connected to the router, which password should the administrator enter at the R1> prompt to access the privileged EXEC
mode?
Cisco001
Cisco123
*Cisco789
Cisco901
9
Which two technologies can be used in distance vector routing protocols to prevent routing loops? (Choose two.)
authentication
link-state advertisements
*hold-down timers
Spanning Tree Protocol
*split horizon
have gone bad.
update came.
10
Refer to the exhibit. An administrator is adding a new subnet of 50 hosts to R3. Which subnet address should be used for
the new subnet that provides enough addresses while wasting a minimum of addresses?
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.1.48 /28
192.168.1.32/27
*192.168.1.64/26
11
*The Fa0/1 interfaces of the two routers are configured for different subnets.
12
A network administrator uses the RIP routing protocol to implement routing within an autonomous system. What are two
characteristics of this protocol? (Choose two.)
*It uses the Bellman-Ford algorithm to determine the best path.
*It periodically sends complete routing tables to all connected devices.
13
Refer to the exhibit. What is the meaning of the highlighted value 2?

It is the administrative distance of the routing protocol.
*It is the number of hops between R2 and the 192.168.8.0/24 network.
It is the value used by the DUAL algorithm to determine the bandwidth for the link.
It is the convergence time measured in seconds.
14
Refer to the exhibit. Packets destined to which two networks will require the router to perform a recursive lookup? (Choose
two.)
*10.0.0.0/8
64.100.0.0/16
128.107.0.0/16
172.16.40.0/24
192.168.1.0/24
*192.168.2.0/24
Ingat recursive lookup , ingat (via)^_^

15
Refer to the exhibit. The 10.4.0.0 network fails. What mechanism prevents R2 from receiving false update information
regarding the 10.4.0.0 network?
*split horizon
hold-down timers
route poisoning
triggered updates
have gone bad.
update came.
16
Refer to the exhibit. The routers are properly configured using a dynamic routing protocol with default settings, and the
network is fully converged. Router A is forwarding data to router E. Which statement is true about the routing path?
*If the network uses the RIP protocol, router A will determine that all paths have equal cost.
17
Refer to the exhibit. All routers are running the same routing protocol. Based on the exhibit and its displayed commands,
which statement is true?
*The link to the ISP is not advertised by the routing protocol process.
18
Refer to the exhibit. A ping between host A and host B is successful, but pings from host A to operational hosts on the
Internet fail. What is the reason for this problem?
*One of the default routes is configured incorrectly.
19
Refer to the exhibit. While trying to diagnose a routing problem in the network, the network administrator runs the debug ip
rip command. What can be determined from the output of this command?
The router is broadcasting RIP updates.
The router will be unable to ping 192.168.1.2.
The router is directly connected to network 172.16.1.0 /24.
*The router has two interfaces that participate in the RIP process.
20
A router boots and enters setup mode. What is the reason for this?
The IOS image is corrupt.
Cisco IOS is missing from flash memory.
*The configuration file is missing from NVRAM.
The POST process has detected hardware failure.
21
Refer to the exhibit. Which three statements are true of the routing table for Router1? (Choose three.)
The route to network 172.16.0.0 has an AD of 156160.
Network 192.168.0.16 can best be reached using FastEthernet0/0.
*The AD of EIGRP routes has been manually changed to a value other than the default value.
*Router1 is running both the EIGRP and OSPF routing process.
Network 172.17.0.0 can only be reached using a default route.
*No default route has been configured.
22
A network administrator has enabled RIP on routers B and C in the network diagram. Which of the following commands will
prevent RIP updates from being sent to Router A?
*B(config)# router rip
23
Refer to the exhibit. The show cdp neighbors command was run at R1. Which two facts about the newly detected device can
be determined from the output? (Choose two.)
*ABCD is a router that is connected to R1.
*The device is connected at the Serial0/0/1 interface of R1.
24
Which statement is true about the metrics used by routing protocols?
*A metric is a value used by a particular routing protocol to compare paths to remote networks.
A common metric is used by all routing protocols.
The metric with the highest value is installed in the routing table.
The router may use only one parameter at a time to calculate the metric.
25
Refer to the exhibit. What action will R2 take for a packet that is destined for 192.168.2.0?
*It will forward the packet to R1.
26
Which two router component and operation pair are correctly described? (Choose two.)
DRAM - loads the bootstrap
RAM - stores the operating system
Flash - executes diagnostics at bootup
*NVRAM - stores the configuration file
ROM - stores the backup configuration file
*POST - runs diagnostics on hardware modules
27
Which two statements are true about the EIGRP successor route? (Choose two.)
It is saved in the topology table for use if the primary route fails.
*It may be backed up by a feasible successor route.
*It is used by EIGRP to forward traffic to the destination.
It is flagged as active in the routing table.
After the discovery process has occurred, the successor route is stored in the neighbor table.
28
Refer to the exhibit. Which two facts can be derived from this output? (Choose two.)
*Three network devices are directly connected to Router2.
*The serial interface between Router2 and Router3 is up.
Router1 and Router3 are directly connected.
Six devices are up and running on the network.
Layer 3 functionality between routers is configured properly.
Ilustrasi gambarnya :
29
In a lab test environment, a router has learned about network 172.16.1.0 through four different dynamic routing processes.
Which route will be used to reach this network?
*D 172.16.1.0/24 [90/2195456] via 192.168.200.1, 00:00:09, Serial0/0/0
O 172.16.1.0/24 [110/1012] via 192.168.200.1, 00:00:22, Serial0/0/0
R 172.16.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.200.1, 00:00:17, Serial0/0/0
I 172.16.1.0/24 [100/1192] via 192.168.200.1, 00:00:09, Serial0/0/0
30
Which three statements are true regarding the encapsulation and de-encapsulation of packets when traveling through a
router? (Choose three.)
*The router modifies the TTL field, decrementing it by one.
The router changes the source IP to the IP of the exit interface.
*The router maintains the same source and destination IP.
*The router changes the source physical address to the physical address of the exit interface.
The router changes the destination IP to the IP of the exit interface.
The router sends the packet out all other interfaces, besides the one it entered the router on.
31
Refer to the exhibit. Both routers are using the RIPv2 routing protocol and static routes are undefined. R1 can ping
192.168.2.1 and 10.1.1.2, but is unable to ping 192.168.4.1.
What is the reason for the ping failure?

The serial interface between two routers is down.
*The 192.168.4.0 network is not included in the RIP configuration of R2.
RIPv1 needs to be configured.
32
Refer to the exhibit. Two routers are unable to establish an adjacency. What is the possible cause for this?
*The hello and dead intervals are different on the two routers.
33
Refer to the exhibit. Routers R1 and R2 are directly connected via their serial interfaces and are both running the EIGRP
routing protocol. R1 and R2 can ping the directly connected serial interface of their neighbor, but they cannot form an
EIGRP neighbor adjacency.
*Configure both routers with the same EIGRP process ID.
34
Refer to the exhibit. R1 and R2 are unable to establish an adjacency. What two configuration changes will correct the
problem? (Choose two.)
Set a lower priority on R2.
*Configure the routers in the same area.
Set a lower cost on R2 compared to R1.
Add a backup designated router to the network.
*Match the hello and dead timers on both routers.
35
Refer to the exhibit. All routers are properly configured to use the EIGRP routing protocol with default settings, and the
network is fully converged. Which statement correctly describes the path that the traffic will use from the 10.1.1.0/24
network to the 10.1.2.0/24 network?
*The traffic will be load-balanced between A-B-D and A-C-D.
36
Refer to the exhibit. Which router is advertising subnet 172.16.1.32/28?

Router1
Router2
Router3
*Router4
37
Refer to the exhibit. The hosts that are connected to R2 are unable to ping the hosts that are connected to R1. How can this
problem be resolved?
Configure the router ID on both routers.
*Configure the R2 router interfaces for area 0.
Configure a loopback interface on both routers.
Configure the proper subnet masks on the router interfaces.
38
Refer to the exhibit. The network has three connected routers: R1, R2, and R3. The routes of all three routers are
displayed. All routers are operational and pings are not blocked on this network.

from R1 to 172.16.1.1
from R1 to 192.168.3.1
from R2 to 192.168.1.1
from R2 to 192.168.3.1
39
Refer to the exhibit. Router R2 is configured properly and all interfaces are functional. Router R1 has been installed
recently. Host A is unable to ping host B.

*Configure a static route on R1 using the IP address of S0/0/0 on R2.
40
Refer to the exhibit. To implement the RIPv2 protocol, the network administrator runs the commands as displayed. However,
the show ip protocol command fails to display any output. How can the administrator solve the problem that is indicated by
the lack of output from this command?
*Specify the network for which RIP routing has to be enabled.
41
Refer to the exhibit. A router learns a route to the 192.168.6.0 network, as shown in the output of the show ip rip database
command. However, upon running the show ip route command, the network administrator sees that the router has installed a
different route to the 192.168.6.0 network learned via EIGRP. What could be the reason for the missing RIP route?
*Compared to RIP, EIGRP has a lower administrative distance.
Compared to EIGRP, RIP has a higher metric value for the route.
Compared to RIP, the EIGRP route has fewer hops.
Compared to RIP, EIGRP has a faster update timer.
42
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has configured R1 as shown, and all interfaces are functioning correctly. A
ping from R1 to 172.16.1.1 fails. What could be the cause of this problem?
*The default route is configured incorrectly.
43
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator wants to reduce the size of the routing table of R1. Which partial routing
table entry in R1 represents the route summary for R2, without including any additional subnets?
10.0.0.0/16 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 10.5.0.0[90/205891] via 192.168.1.2, S0/0/0
D 10.5.0.0[90/205198] via 192.168.1.2, S0/0/0
*10.0.0.0/22 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 10.5.0.0[90/205901] via 192.168.1.2, S0/0/0
D 10.5.0.0[90/205001] via 192.168.1.2, S0/0/0
44
Which two statements are true for link-state routing protocols? (Choose two.)
*Routers that run a link-state protocol can establish a complete topology of the network.
Routers in a multipoint network that run a link-state protocol can exchange routing tables.
*The shortest path first algorithm is used.
45
Refer to the exhibit. Which two components are required to complete the configuration? (Choose two.)
a crossover cable
a DCE device
*a DTE device
a modem
*a V.35 cable
46
Refer to the exhibit. The output of the show ip route command for router R1 is displayed. What action will the router take
for a packet that is destined for 192.168.1.5?
*It will drop the packet.
47
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has run the show interface command. The output of this command is
displayed. What is the first step that is required to make this interface operational?
Switch the cable with a known working cable.
*Issue the no shutdown command on the interface.
Configure the interface as a loopback interface.
Set the encapsulation for the interface.
48
What are two tasks that must be completed before two routers can use OSPF to form a neighbor adjacency? (Choose two.)
*The routers must agree on the network type.
*The routers must use the same dead interval.
49
Refer to the exhibit. All interfaces are addressed and functioning correctly. The network administrator runs the tracert
command on host A. Which two facts could be responsible for the output of this command? (Choose two.)
The gateway for Host A is missing or improperly configured.
The gateway for Host B is missing or improperly configured.
The entry for 192.168.1.0/24 is missing from the routing table of R1.
*The entry for 192.168.1.0/24 is missing from the routing table of R2.
*The entry for 192.168.2.0/24 is missing from the routing table of R1.
50
Refer to the exhibit. How many routes are ultimate routes?

*3
4
5
7
51
Refer to the exhibit. Which summarization should R1 use to advertise its networks to R2?
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.0.0/24
*192.168.0.0/22
192.168.1.0/22
52
How does route poisoning prevent routing loops?
New routing updates are ignored until the network has converged.
*Failed routes are advertised with a metric of infinity.
A route is marked as unavailable when its Time to Live is exceeded.
The unreachable route is cleared from the routing table after the invalid timer expires.
53
What are two functions of a router? (Choose two.)
*It forwards data packets toward their destination.
It forwards the packet to the destination if the TTL value is 0.
It changes the destination IP address of data packets before forwarding them to an exit interface.
It determines the best path based on the destination MAC address.
*It acts as an intersection between multiple IP networks.
54
Which two components are used to determine the router ID in the configuration of the OSPF routing process? (Choose two.)
*the highest IP address of any physical interface
*the priority value of 1 on any physical interface
55
Refer to the exhibit. R2 is configured correctly. The network administrator has configured R1 as shown. Which two facts
are true about the forwarding of route information by R1? (Choose two.)
*R1 will forward the route information for subnet 192.168.100.0/30.
*R1 will not forward route information for subnet 192.168.100.4/30.
56
Refer to the exhibit. Which two statements are true based on the exhibited output? (Choose two.)
*All routes are stable.
*The show ip eigrp topology command has been run on R1.
57
A router has learned two equal cost paths to a remote network via the EIGRP and RIP protocols. Both protocols are using
their default configurations. Which path to the remote network will be installed in the routing table?
*the path learned via EIGRP
the path learned via RIP
the path with the highest metric value
both paths with load balancing
58
Refer to the exhibit. Routers R1 and R3 use different routing protocols with default administrative distance values. All
devices are properly configured and the destination network is advertised by both protocols.
*The packets will travel via R2-R1.
The packets will travel via R2-R3, and the other path via R2-R1 will be retained as the backup path.
59
Which statement is true about the RIPv1 protocol?
It is a link-state routing protocol.
*It excludes subnet information from the routing updates.
It uses the DUAL algorithm to insert backup routes into the topology table.
It uses classless routing as the default method on the router.
1
3
4
6
R1 is powered off.
10.2.0.0/16.
network 10.2.0.0/16.
topology?
Serial0 of Router2.
Router3.

Router1
Router2
Router3
Router4
the OSPF protocol.
and A, C, D.
for this?

of addresses?
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.1.48 /28
192.168.1.32/27
192.168.1.64/26

Slow convergence
192.168.0.26?
172.16.0.0/8
172.16.0.0/10
172.16.0.0/13
172.16.0.0/20
172.16.0.0/24
updates.
192.168.200.0/24 network?
table.
RIPv1
RIPv2
EIGRP
OSPF
EIGRP
OSPF
RIPv1
RIPv2
command?
address.

It increases the size of the broadcast domain
2. When a router boots, what is the default order to locate the Cisco IOS if there is no boot
system command?
flash, TFTP server, ROM
flash, NVRAM, TFTP server
3. Which router component is used to store the routing table?

Flash
NVRAM
ROM
SDRAM
1
3
4
6
Using dynamic routing instead of static routing would have required fewer configuration
steps.
The 10.1.1.0/24 and 10.1.2.0/24 routes have adjacent boundaries and should be
summarized.
The static route will not work correctly
6. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator issues the command no ip classless on
Router1. What forwarding action will take place on a packet that is received by Router1 and
is destined for host 192.168.0.26?
The packet will most closely match the 192.168.0.8 subnet and be forwarded out Serial 0/1
7. Refer to the exhibit. Routers R1 and R3 use different routing protocols with default
administrative distance values. All devices are properly configured and the destination
network is advertised by both protocols.
Which path will be used to transmit the data packets between PC1 and PC2?
The packets will travel via R2-R3, and the other path via R2-R1 will be retained as the
backup path
8. Refer to the exhibit. Router R1 is configured as shown in the exhibit. PC1 on

172.16.1.0/24 network can reach the default gateway on R1. The rest of the routers are
configured with the correct IP addresses on the interfaces. Routers R2 and R3 do not have
static or dynamic routing enabled. How far will PC1 be able to successfully ping?
router R1 Fa0/0 interface

9. Refer to the exhibit. All routers are properly configured to use the EIGRP routing protocol
with default settings, and the network is fully converged. Which statement correctly describes
the path that the traffic will use from the 10.1.1.0/24 network to the 10.1.2.0/24 network?

The traffic will be load-balanced between A-B-D and A-C-D.
They pass their entire routing tables to their directly connected neighbors only
11. Refer to the exhibit. R1 knows two routes, Path A and Path B, to the Ethernet network
attached to R3. R1 learned Path A to network 10.2.0.0/16 from a static route and Path B to
network 10.2.0.0/16 from EIGRP. Which route will R1 install in its routing table?
The route via Path B is installed because the EIGRP route has the best metric to network
10.2.0.0/16.
The route via Path A is installed because the static route has the best metric to network
10.2.0.0/16.
The route via Path B is installed because the EIGRP route has the lowest administrative
distance to network 10.2.0.0/16.
The route via Path A is installed because the static route has the lowest administrative
distance to network 10.2.0.0/16.
12. What two routing protocols use a hierarchal network topology? (Choose two.)
IS-IS
EIGRP
OSPF
RIPv1
RIPv2
13. Refer to the exhibit. Based on the output from the show running-config and debug ip rip
commands, what are two of the routes that are added to the routing table of R1? (Choose
two.)
R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:24, Serial0/0/1

R 192.168.100.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.1.1, 00:00:24, Serial0/0/0
S 192.168.1.0/24 [1/0] via FastEthernet0/0
R 192.168.9.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:24, Serial0/0/0
R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.1.2, 00:00:24, Serial0/0/0
14. Refer to the exhibit. The network has three connected routers: R1, R2 and R3. The
routes of all three routers are displayed. What can be verified from the output?
R1 and R3 are connected to each other via the S0/0/0 interface.

R2 is connected to the S0/0/1 interface of R3.
15. Refer to the exhibit. All router interfaces are configured with an IP address and are
operational. If no routing protocols or static routes are configured, what information will be
included in the show ip route command output for router A?

Routes to networks 192.168.1.0/24, 192.168.2.0/24, and 192.168.3.0/24 will be in the
routing table.
The routing table will be empty because routes and dynamic routes have not been
configured.
A default route is automatically installed in the routing table to allow connectivity between the
networks.
16. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is accessing router R1 from the console
port. Once the administrator is connected to the router, which password should the
administrator enter at the R1> prompt to access the privileged EXEC mode?
Cisco001
Cisco123
Cisco789
Cisco901
17. Which of the following could describe the devices labeled "?" in the graphic? (Choose
three.)
DCE
CSU/DSU
LAN switch
modem
hub
Router1
Router2
Router3
Router4
19. Refer to the exhibit. The show cdp neighbors command was run at R1. Which two facts
about the newly detected device can be determined from the output? (Choose two.)

20. A static route has been configured on a router. However, the destination network no
longer exists. What should an administrator do to remove the static route from the routing
table?
Remove the route using the no ip route command.
21. Refer to the exhibit. A ping between host A and host B is successful, but pings from host
A to operational hosts on the Internet fail. What is the reason for this problem?

22. Refer to the exhibit. The network has three connected routers: R1, R2, and R3. The
routes of all three routers are displayed. All routers are operational and pings are not blocked
on this network.
from R1 to 172.16.1.1
from R1 to 192.168.3.1
from R2 to 192.168.1.1
from R2 to 192.168.3.1
23. Refer to the exhibit. What action will R2 take for a packet that is destined for
192.168.2.0?

It will forward the packet to R1
24. Refer to the exhibit. The users on the local network 172.16.1.0/24 complain that they are
unable to connect to the Internet. What step should be taken to remedy the problem?
The default route on R2 should be configured with the R3 serial interface as the next hop.
The default route on R2 must be replaced with a new static route and the next hop
should be the R1 FastEthernet interface
25. Refer to the exhibit. What summary address can Router2 advertise to Router1 to reach
the three networks on Routers 3, 4, and 5 without advertising any public address space or
overlapping the networks on Router1?
172.16.0.0/8
172.16.0.0/10
172.16.0.0/13
172.16.0.0/20
172.16.0.0/24
26. Refer to the exhibit. Host A is unable to access the Internet, and troubleshooting has
revealed that this is due to an addressing problem. What is incorrectly configured in this
network?
the IP address of the Fa0/0 interface of R1
the IP address of the S0/0/0 interface of R1
27. Refer to the exhibit. A new PC was deployed in the Sales network. It was given the host
address of 192.168.10.31 with a default gateway of 192.168.10.17. The PC is not
communicating with the network properly. What is the cause?

192.168.10.31 is the broadcast address for this subnet
28. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator is planning IP addressing of a new
network. What part of this addressing scheme must be changed to allow communication
between host A and the server?
the IP address of the server

the default gateway of host A
the IP address of host A
the default gateway of the server
29. Which network design feature requires the deployment of a classless routing protocol?
private IP addressing
advertising default routes
variable length subnet masks
summarization on major network boundaries
30. A network administrator needs to assign the very last usable IP address in the
172.24.64.0/18 network range to the router interface that serves this LAN. Which IP address
should the administrator configure on the interface?
172.16.128.154/18
172.16.255.254/18
172.24.64.254/18
172.24.127.254/18
31. Refer to the exhibit. All routers are running RIPv1. The two networks 10.1.1.0/29 and
10.1.1.16/29 are unable to access each other. What can be the cause of this problem?

RIPv1 does not support discontiguous networks.

A classful routing protocol is being used
33. What does RIP use to reduce convergence time in a larger network?
It uses multicast instead of broadcast to send routing updates.
It reduces the update timer to 15 seconds if there are more than 10 routes.
It uses triggered updates to announce network changes if they happen in between the
periodic updates.
It uses random pings to detect if a pathway is down and therefore is preemptive on finding
networks that are down
34. A network administrator has enabled RIP on routers B and C in the network diagram.
Which of the following commands will prevent RIP updates from being sent to Router A?

35. Refer to the exhibit. Both routers are using the RIP protocol. Devices on the 192.168.1.1
network can ping the S0/0/0 interface on R2 but cannot ping devices on the 192.168.2.1
network.
What is a possible cause of this problem?
36. Which two statements are correct about the split horizon with poison reverse method of
routing loop prevention? (Choose two.)
It assigns a value that represents an infinite metric to the poisoned route.
It sends back the poisoned route update to the same interface from where it was
received.
It limits the number of hops a packet can traverse through the network before it is discarded
37. Refer to exhibit. Given the topology shown in the exhibit, what three commands are
needed to configure EIGRP on the Paris router? (Choose three.)
Paris(config)# router eigrp 100

Paris(config)# router eigrp
38. A router has EIGRP configured as the only routing protocol. In what way might EIGRP
respond if there is no feasible successor route to a destination network and the successor
route fails?
39. Refer to the exhibit. Hosts on the BOS Fa0/0 LAN are able to ping the Fa0/1 interface on
the JAX router and all interfaces on the BOS and ORL routers. Why would hosts from the
10.0.0.0/24 network not be able to ping hosts on the Fa0/0 LAN of the JAX router?
The JAX router has the wrong process ID.

The BOS router needs the network 192.168.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 command
40. Which three statements describe the operation of routing with EIGRP? (Choose three.)
If the feasible successor has a higher advertised cost than the current successor route, then
it becomes the primary route.
If hello packets are not received within the hold time, DUAL must recalculate the
topology.
EIGRP maintains full knowledge of the network topology in the topology table and
exchanges full routing information with neighboring routers in every update.
41. Refer to the exhibit. What happens to a packet that has 172.16.0.0/16 as the best match
in the routing table that is shown?
The packet is discarded.

The packet is flooded out all interfaces.
The packet is forwarded via Serial0/0/0.
The packet is forwarded via FastEthernet0/0.
42. A network is configured with the IP, IPX, and AppleTalk protocols. Which routing protocol
is recommended for this network?
RIPv1
RIPv2
EIGRP
OSPF
43. Refer to the exhibit. Which two statements are true based on the exhibited output?
(Choose two.)

The EIGRP routing protocol is being used.
There is one feasible successor in the routing table.
The serial interface S0/0/0 is administratively down.
The router is originating the route to 172.16.1.0/24 via the S0/0/0 interface
44. Refer to the exhibit. Two routers are unable to establish an adjacency. What is the
possible cause for this?
They have different process IDs
45. What command would the network administrator apply to a router that is running OSPF
to advertise the entire range of addresses included in 172.16.0.0/19 in area 0?
46. What should be considered when troubleshooting a problem with the establishment of
neighbor relationships between OSPF routers? (Choose two.)
administrative distance mismatch
interface network type mismatch
no loopback interface configured
gateway of last resort not redistributed
47. Which two components are used to determine the router ID in the configuration of the
OSPF routing process? (Choose two.)
the highest IP address of any physical interface
the priority value of 1 on any physical interface

It is used by the receiving routers to request more information about any entry in the
DBD.
49. Refer to the exhibit. All interfaces are configured with the correct IP addresses and
subnet masks. OSPF has been configured as the routing protocol. During troubleshooting, it
is determined that hosts on network B can ping the Lo0 interface on R1 but are unable to
reach hosts on network A. What is the cause of the problem?
The configuration of router R1 fails to include network A in the OSPF routing process
50. Refer to the exhibit. The interface addresses and OSPF priorities are configured as
shown. Because of the boot order of the routers, router A is currently the DR and router B is
the BDR. If router A fails and is replaced the next day by a new router, router D, what OSPF
protocol action or actions will happen?
Router D will be elected DR, and router C will become the BDR.
Router D will be elected DR, and router B will remain the BDR.
Router C will become the DR, and router B will become the BDR.
Router B will remain the BDR, and OSPF will function on the segment via the use of only the
BDR
Chapter 10
1. What action does a link-state router take immediately upon receipt of an LSP from a
neighboring router?
floods the LSP to neighbors
calculates the SPF algorithm
runs the Bellman-Ford algorithm
computes the best path to the destination network
2. Why is it difficult for routing loops to occur in networks that use link-state routing?
Each router builds a simple view of the network based on hop count.
Routers flood the network with LSAs to discover routing loops.
Each router builds a complete and synchronized view of the network.
Routers use hold-down timers to prevent routing loops.
3.
Refer to the exhibit. What kind of information would be seen in an LSP sent from router
JAX to router ATL?
hop count
uptime of the route
cost of the link
a list of all the routing protocols in use
4. To achieve network convergence, what three steps does each link state router take?
(Choose three.)
use automatic summarization to reduce the size of routing tables
build a Link State Packet (LSP) containing the state of each directly connected link
flood the LSP to all neighbors, who then store all LSPs received in a database
discover neighbors and establish adjacencies using the hello packet sent at regular
intervals
construct a complete map of the topology and compute the best path to each destination
network
use the DUAL FSM to select efficient, loop-free paths, and insert routes into the routing
table
5.
Refer to the exhibit. When Router D is configured to use a link-state routing protocol and
is added to the network, what is the first thing that it does to begin learning the network
topology?
It sends LSP packets to Routers B and C.
It sends LSP packets to all routers in the network.

It sends Hello packets to all routers in the network.
It sends information about its directly connected neighbors to Routers A and E.
It sends information about its directly connected neighbors to all routers in the network.
It learns about its directly connected networks when its interfaces reach the up state.
6. A new network administrator is given the task of selecting an appropriate dynamic

routing protocol for a software development company. The company has over 100
routers, uses CIDR and VLSM, requires fast convergence, and uses both Cisco and non-
Cisco equipment. Which routing protocol is appropriate for this company?
RIP version 2
IGRP
EIGRP
OSPF
BGP
7. What two events will cause a link state router to send LSPs to all neighbors? (Choose
two.)
30 second timer expires
whenever the network topology changes
immediately after the Bellman-Ford algorithm has run
immediately after the DUAL FSM has built the topology database
upon initial startup of router or routing protocol
8. What is the final step in the link state routing process?
successors are placed into the routing table

SPF computes best path to each destination network
LSPs are flooded to all neighbors to converge the network
DUAL algorithm is run to find best path to destination networks
9.
Refer to the exhibit. What does JAX do with link-state packets from ORL?
sends out its updated routing table to both ORL and BOS routers
sends out the individual link-state packets out the interface connected to BOS
queries BOS to see if it has a better route
only adds it to the local routing table and performs no other actions
10. What two statements correctly describe the link state routing process? (Choose two.)
each router in the area floods LSPs to all neighbors
all routers in the area have identical link state databases
LSPs use the reserved multicast address of 224.0.0.10 to reach neighbors
routing loops are prevented by running the Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL)
Reliable Transport Protocol (RTP) is the protocol used by for the delivery and reception
of LSPs
11. Which database or table must be identical on all link-state routers within an area in
order to construct an accurate SPF tree?
routing table
adjacency table
link-state database
neighbor table
topology database
12.
Refer to the exhibit. Which statement correctly describes the path traffic would take from
the 10.0.0.0/24 network to the 192.168.1.0/24 network if a link-state routing protocol was
in use?
BOS -> ATL because this path is the least hops
BOS -> ATL because this path is highest cost
BOS -> ORL -> JAX -> ATL because this path is the lowest cost
traffic would load balance across all links

13. What feature do modern link-state protocols provide to minimize processing and
memory requirements?
splitting routing topologies into smaller areas
assigning lower process priorities to route calculations
using update timers to restrict routing updates
strict split horizon rules to reduce routing table entries
14. What speeds up convergence in a network using link-state routing?
updates triggered by network changes
updates sent at regular intervals
updates sent only to directly connected neighbors
updates that include complete routing tables
15. Which algorithm is run by link-state routing protocols to calculate the shortest path to
destination networks?
DUAL
Dijkstra
Bellman-Ford
Diffie-Hellman
16. What are some of the advantages of using a link-state routing protocol instead of a
distance vector routing protocol? (Choose two.)
The topology database eliminates the need for a routing table.
Frequent periodic updates are sent to minimize the number of incorrect routes in the
topological database.
Routers have direct knowledge of all links in the network and how they are connected.
After the inital LSA flooding, they generally require less bandwidth to communicate
changes in a topology.
Link-state protocols require less router processor power than distance vector protocols.
17.
Refer to the exhibit. If all routers and interfaces are configured to use a link-state routing
protocol, from which routers will router D receive hello packets?
A and E
B and C
A, B, C, and E
C only
18. Which two routing protocols use Dijkstra’s shortest path first algorithm? (Choose
two.)
RIPv1
RIPv2
IS-IS
BGP
EIGRP
OSPF
19. When are link-state packets sent to neighbors?
every 30 seconds
every 180 seconds
after the holddown time expires
when a link goes up or down
when a routing loop occurs
20. What are two advantages of using a link-state routing protocol instead of a distance
vector routing protocol? (Choose two.)
The topology database eliminates the need for a routing table.
Each router independently determines the route to each network.
Link-state protocols require less router processor power than distance vector protocols.
After the inital LSP flooding, they generally require less bandwidth to communicate
changes in a topology.
Frequent periodic updates are sent to minimize the number of incorrect routes in the
topological database.
21. To achieve network convergence, what three steps does each link state router take?
(Choose three.)
use automatic summarization to reduce the size of routing tables
build a Link State Packet (LSP) containing the state of each directly connected link
flood the LSP to all neighbors, who then store all LSPs received in a database
send hello packages at regular intervals to discover neighbors and establish adjacencies
construct a complete map of the topology and compute the best path to each destination
network
use the DUAL FSM to select efficient, loop-free paths, and insert routes into the routing
table
CHAPTER 9
1. What two actions will the EIGRP DUAL FSM take if a link to a network goes down?
(Choose two.)
put the route into passive mode
query neighbors for a new route
search routing table for a feasible successor
run the SPF algorithm to find a new successor
search topology table for a feasible successor
2.
Host 192.168.1.66 in the network illustrated is unable to ping host 192.168.1.130. How
must EIGRP be configured to enable connectivity between the two hosts? (Choose two.)
R1(config-router)# network 192.168.1.128
R1(config-router)# auto-summary
R1(config-router)# no auto-summary
R2(config-router)# no auto-summary
R2(config-router)# auto-summary
R2(config-router)# network 192.168.1.64
3.
Refer to the exhibit. The company is using EIGRP with an autonomous system number of
10. Pings between hosts on networks that are connected to router A and those that are
connected to router B are successful.
However, users on the 192.168.3.0 network are unable to reach users on the 192.168.1.32
network. What is the most likely cause of this problem?
IP classless is enabled and is causing the packet to drop.
The command network 192.168.1.32 was not issued on router C.
The routers are not configured in the same EIGRP routing domain.
Automatic summarization of the networks is causing the subnetted routes to be dropped.
4. What information is maintained in the EIGRP topology database for a destination

route? (Choose three.)
the routing protocol

the feasible distance of the route
the highest cost of the route
the SRTT value for the route
the route cost as advertised by the neighboring router
the physical address of the gateway interface
5. On a router running EIGRP, what database would maintain a list of feasible

successors?
routing table
neighbor table
topology table
adjacency table
6.
Refer to the exhibit. What is indicated by the P at the beginning of the topology entry?
the route is in a stable state
the route is a preferred route
DUAL is searching for a better route to this destination
the exit interface is in passive mode and EIGRP advertisements are blocked
7. In the command router eigrp 20, what is the purpose of the number 20?
specifies the administrative distance for all EIGRP routes
identifies the autonomous system number this EIGRP process will advertise
determines what metric is added to all advertised routes
indicates the number of addresses in the EIGRP routing domain
8.
Refer to the exhibit. In the topology table, what do the numbers 3011840 and 3128695
represent?
the route metric that is applied to those EIGRP routes for this router
the trustworthiness of the routing information source
the composite of the hop count and bandwidth to that destination network
the total metric for that network as advertised by the EIGRP neighbor
9. Which two statements describe characteristics of EIGRP? (Choose two.)

EIGRP is a distance vector routing protocol.
EIGRP supports classless routing and VLSM.
EIGRP is classified as a link-state routing protocol.
EIGRP uses TCP for reliable delivery of EIGRP update packets.
With EIGRP, loop-free paths are achieved through the use of hold-down timers.
EIGRP sends a periodic update every 30 minutes.
10.
Refer to the exhibit. Network 192.168.0.0/28 goes down. What type of packet does
Router2 immediately send to Router1 and Router3?
a query for network 192.168.0.0/28
an acknowledgment packet to 224.0.0.9
an update packet that is sent to 255.255.255.255
a packet that contains the new routing table for R2
unicast update packets to 192.168.1.1 and 192.168.2.1
11.
Refer to the exhibit. Which command will advertise the 192.168.1.64/30 network but not
the 192.168.1.32 network on router A?
network 192.168.1.0
network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.1.64 0.0.0.3
network 192.168.1.64 0.0.0.7
network 192.168.1.64 0.0.0.255
12. What administrative distance would a router assign to a default route in EIGRP that is
learned from a source external to the autonomous system?
70
90
170
190
13. In which of the following tables does the EIGRP DUAL algorithm store the primary
route to a destination? (Choose two.)
routing
topology
neighbor
path
shortest path
14. Which of the following types of routes will be denoted by EX in EIGRP routing table
entries? (Choose two.)
routes learned from other routing protocols
routes learned from any non-adjacent EIGRP routers
any route with a hop count metric higher than 224
EIGRP routes that originate in different autonomous systems
all passive routes in the routing table
15. Which term defines a collection of networks under the administrative control of a
single entity that presents a common routing policy to the Internet?
autonomous system
contiguous networks
process ID
BGP
16.
Refer to the exhibit. EIGRP is the only routing protocol enabled on this network. No
static routes are configured on this router. What can be concluded about network
198.18.1.0/24 from the exhibited output?
A route to network 198.18.1.0/24 is not listed in the routing table.
Packets that are destined for 198.18.1.0/24 will be forwarded to 198.18.10.6.
EIGRP will perform equal cost load balancing across two paths when forwarding packets
to 198.18.1.0/24.
The router with interface 172.16.3.2 is a successor for network 198.18.1.0/24.
17.
Refer to the exhibit. All interfaces have been configured with the bandwidths that are
shown in the exhibit. Assuming that all routers are using a default configuration of
EIGRP as their routing protocol, what path will packets take from the 172.16.1.0/16
network to the 192.168.200.0/24 network?
A,B,E
A,C,E
A,D,E
Packets will load balance across the A,B,E and A,C,E paths.
Packets will load balance across the A,B,E and A,D,E paths.
Packets will load balance across the A,C,E and A,D,E paths.
18. By default, which two metrics are used by EIGRP to determine the best path between
networks?
MTU
load
delay
bandwidth
reliability
19. Which of the following statements describes the bounded updates used by EIGRP?
Bounded updates are sent to all routers within an autonomous system.
Partial updates are sent only to routers that need the information.
The updates are sent to all routers in the routing table.
Updates are bounded by the routers in the topology table.
20. The show ip eigrp topology command output on a router displays a successor route
and a feasible successor route to network 192.168.1.0/24. In order to reduce processor
utilization, what does EIGRP do when the primary route to this network fails?
The router sends query packets to all EIGRP neighbors for a better route to network
192.168.1.0/24.
The DUAL FSM immediately recomputes the algorithm to calculate the next backup
route.
Packets that are destined for network 192.168.1.0/24 are sent out the default gateway
instead.
The backup route to network 192.168.1.0/24 is installed in the routing table.
21.
Refer to the exhibit. Based on the output of show ip eigrp neighbors, what are two
possible problems with adjacencies between Router1 and Router2? (Choose two.)
The routers are configured with different EIGRP process IDs.
Automatic summarization was disabled.
The hello timer for R1 was altered.
The serial interfaces for both routers are in different networks.
No feasible successors were found.
22.
Refer to the exhibit. This is the debug output from 2 directly connected EIGRP routers.
They are not forming an adjacency. What is the cause?
one router is a non-cisco router
they have different autonomous-system numbers
they are using difference sequence numbers
they are sending incorrect hello types

CHAPTER 8
1.
Refer to the exhibit. Router B receives a packet with a destination address of 10.16.1.97.
What will router B do?
drop the packet
forward the packet via the route to 10.16.1.0
forward the packet via the route to 10.16.1.64
use the default route
2. A network is converged and the routing tables are complete. When a packet needs to
be forwarded, what is the first criterion used to determine the best path in the routing
table?
the route with the smallest AD
the route with the longest address and mask match to the destination
the route with the highest bandwidth
the route with the best combination of AD and lowest cost

3.
Refer to the exhibit. Which statement correctly describes this network?
EIGRP is being used
There is at least one parent and one child route
192.168.2.0, 192.168.3.0, and 192.168.4.0 networks are child routes
Traffic going to 172.16.3.0 will be directed to s 0/0/1

4.
Refer to the exhibit. Router1 has been issued the ip classless command. What happens to
packets destined to host 172.16.3.10?
they are dropped
sent to default gateway
forward out interface Serial0/0/1
forward out interface FastEthernet 0/0
5. The following entry is displayed in the routing table:

R 192.168.8.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.4.1, 00:00:26, Serial0/0/1
What type of route is this?
a level 1 parent route
a level 1 supernet route
a level 1 ultimate network route
a level 2 child route
a level 2 ultimate child route

6. What determines if the router implements a classless route lookup process?
Child routes are present in the routing table.
A classless routing protocol has been configured on the router.
The command ip classless is enabled on the router.
Multiple routes with different masks to the same destination are in the routing table.
Routing table entries have a next-hop IP address and an exit interface for each child
route.
7.
Refer to the exhibit. How many routes in this output qualify for use as ultimate routes?
7
8.
Refer to the exhibit. What protocol was used to distribute the routing information for the
network 172.16.1.4?
RIPv1
RIPv2
EIGRP
OSPF
9.
Refer to the exhibit. What can be determined from this output?
The router will have to perform recursive lookups to forward a packet destined for
192.168.2.213/24.
The parent route for these networks was removed from the routing table.
A route to 192.168.0.0/25 would be classified as a supernet route for the routes listed in
the routing table.
All of the routes listed are network routes.

10.
Refer to the exhibit. The graphic contains partial contents of the routing table on router E.
Router E is running version 12.3 of the IOS and is configured for default routing
behavior. Router E receives a packet to forward. Which route in the routing table will be
searched first and why?
172.16.1.0/25 because it is the first ultimate route
0.0.0.0/0 because it is the lowest network number
172.16.0.0/25 because it is the first level 1 route
172.18.0.0/15 because it has the shortest mask

11.
Refer to the exhibit. Router1 is running IOS version 12.2. What will the network
administrator need to do so that packets for unknown child routes of 172.16.0.0/24 will
not be dropped?
issue the ip default-network command
use a classful routing protocol such as RIPv1
enable either OSPF or ISIS as the routing protocol
issue the ip classless command
do nothing, ip classless is on by default

12.
Refer to the exhibit. With the ip classless command issued, what will router R2 do with a
packet destined for host 172.16.4.234?
drop the packet
send packet out Serial 0/0/1
send packet to network 0.0.0.0
send packet out FastEthernet 0/0
13. A router has the following entries in its routing table:

S 192.168.0.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.128.2
O 192.168.0.0/25 [110/2175] via 172.16.1.1, 00:02:15, FastEthernet0/1
D 192.168.0.0/25 [90/22455] via 172.16.2.2, 00:12:15, Serial0/0/0
R 192.168.0.0/26 [120/2] via 172.16.3.3, 00:00:15, Serial0/0/1
The router receives a packet that is destined for a host with the address 192.168.0.58.
Which route would this router use to forward the packet?
the static route
the OSPF route
the EIGRP route
the RIP route

14.
Refer to the exhibit. What parent network will automatically be included in the routing
table when the three subnets are configured on Router1?
172.16.0.0/16
172.16.0.0/24
172.16.0.0/30
172.16.1.0/16
172.16.1.0/24
15.
Refer to the exhibit. What subnet mask will Router1 apply to child routes of the
172.16.0.0/24 network?
0.0.0.0
255.255.0.0
255.255.255.0
255.255.255.255
16.
Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator has discovered that packets destined for
servers on the 172.16.254.0 network are being dropped by Router2. What command
should the administrator issue to ensure that these packets are sent out the gateway of last
resort, Serial 0/0/1?
ip classless
no ip classless
ip default-network 0.0.0.0
ip default-gateway 172.16.254.1
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Serial 0/0/1
17.
Refer to the exhibit. A packet destined for host 128.107.0.5/16 is processed by the JAX
router. After finding the static route in the routing table that matches the destination
network for this packet, what does the router do next?
searches for a default route to forward the packet
drops the packet since the static route does not have an exit interface
performs a recursive lookup to find the exit interface used to forward the packet
sends a request to neighboring routers for the location of the 128.107.0.0 network
18. What occurs when no ip classless is implemented on the router?
The router will only support classful IP addressing.

The router will only support classful routing protocols.
The router will use a default route, if present, when a matching route is not found in the
routing table.
The router will assume it has knowledge of all subnets in the network and will not search
beyond child routes for a better match.
19. A route to a destination network is learned from multiple routing protocols. What is
used by a Cisco router to select the preferred route to the destination that will be installed
in the routing table?
metric
route prefix
update timer
administrative distance
CHAPTER 7
1. A network administrator has been told that the company IP address infrastructure must
adhere to RFC 1918. What three IP address ranges from RFC 1918 could the
administrator use on the network? (Choose three.)
10.0.0.0/8
127.0.0.0/8
169.254.0.0/16
172.16.0.0/12
192.168.0.0/16
209.165.201.0/27
2.
Refer to the exhibit. Routers East and West are configured using RIPv1. Both routers are
sending updates about their directly connected routes. The East router can ping the West
router serial interface and West can ping the serial interface of East. However, neither
router has dynamically learned routes from the other. What is most likely the problem?
A gateway of last resort is required.
Subnetting is not supported by RIPv1.
VLSM is not supported by RIPv1.
One of the routers needs a clock rate on the serial interface.
3.
Refer to the exhibit. What effect will the commands that are shown have on RIP updates
for Router1?
Only version 2 updates are sent to 255.255.255.255.
Only version 2 updates are sent to 224.0.0.9.

Both version 1 and version 2 updates are sent to 224.0.0.9.
Both version 1 and version 2 updates are sent to 255.255.255.255.
4.
Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded from the output shown in the exhibit?
The routing table is limited to 2 routes.
The LAN interfaces are participating in the routing process.
One update has been sent out of each serial interface and 2 have been received.
The no auto-summary has not been configured on this router.
5. What are two reasons to implement RIP version 2 rather than RIP version 1? (Choose
two.)
RIP version 2 supports VLSM.

RIP version 2 supports more than 16 routers.
RIP version 2 supports classful (and not classless) routing.
RIP version 2 supports routing update authentication.
RIP version 2 supports multi-areas.
RIP version 2 uses the Dijkstra algorithm rather than the Bellman-Ford algorithm.
6.
Refer to the exhibit. RIPv1 is configured as the routing protocol for the network that is
shown. The following commands are used on each router:
router rip
network 10.0.0.0
network 172.16.0.0
When this configuration is complete, users on the LAN of each router are unable to
access the remote LANs. Why?
The network statements are configured incorrectly.
A routing loop has been created.
RIPv1 is unable to route to discontiguous subnets of a major network.
RIPv1 is unable to route networks with a /24 subnet mask.
7. A network administrator installed four new routers that are running RIPv2. Router1 is
a boundary router in the RIPv2 network and has a default route configured. Once the
network has converged, the network administrator enters Router1(config-router)#
default-information originate on Router1. How will this affect the network?
prevents Router1 from forwarding updates about networks that are not directly connected
causes all routers in the network to synchronize routing updates with Router1
forces Router1 to become the primary or designated router (DR) for updates
propagates the default route to all routers in the network
8.
Refer to the exhibit. A technician needs to add a new loopback interface to test routing
functionality and network design. The technician enters the following set of commands
on the router:
Sanford(config)# interface loopback1
Sanford(config-if)# ip address 192.168.6.62 255.255.255.252
Why does the router respond with an error?
The router does not allow loopback interface configurations.
This mask can not be used with this class of addresses.
Classless routing must be configured before this address can be added.
The network address for Loopback1 overlaps with an already configured interface
address.
The router is over the limit for the maximum paths that can be provided in the routing
table.
9. What is the maximum network diameter permitted by the default metric of RIPv2?
15 hops
16 hops
100 hops
120 hops
255 hops
10. What are two functions of the network command used when configuring routing
protocols? (Choose two.)
identifies which networks will be included in the routing updates
identifies the hosts addresses that can be summarized in the network
used to list all addresses for remote and local networks
determines which subnet mask to apply to routing updates
determines which interfaces can send and receive routing updates
11.
Refer to the exhibit. All routers are running RIPv1. What changes will occur in the
routing table of router B if a loopback interface with an address of 10.16.1.129/27 is
configured on router B?
Routes to the 10.16.1.0/27, 10.16.1.64/27, and 10.16.1.128/27 networks are added.
A connected route to the 10.16.1.128/27 network is added.
A third route to the 10.0.0.0/8 network with RIPv1 as the source is added.
The 10.0.0.0/8 route is dropped immediately from the routing table after router B is
configured.
12.
Refer to the exhibit. If all routers are running RIP version 2, why is there no route for the
192.168.1.32/27 network?
Rip version 2 does not send subnet masks in its updates.
Router A is not setup with RIP as a routing protocol.
Rip version 2 will auto summarize routes by default.
Router B is not setup to advertise the 192.168.1.64/30 network.
13. RIPv2 is the configured routing protocol on the routers in a network. The command
Router(config-router)# no version 2 is entered on the routers. What effect does entering
this command have on routing updates?
Subnet masks will be added to the routing updates.
Routing updates will be sent out using multicast address 224.0.0.9.
Version 1 and 2 updates will be received and the version 2 updates will not be sent.
The RIP routing process will be removed from the router and routing updates will not be
forwarded.
14. How are RIP v1 and RIP v2 similar to one another? (Choose three.)
They both use hop count as a metric.

They both have the same metric value for infinite distance.
They both broadcast their updates to their neighbors.
They both send subnet mask information in their updates.
They both provide for authentication of update sources.
They both use split horizon to prevent routing loops.
15.
Refer to the exhibit. The exhibited network contains a mixture of Cisco and non-Cisco
routers. The command debug ip rip was entered on the JAX router. All routers are
running the same version of RIP. Router CHI and Router ORL are not able to reach the
192.168.1.16/28 network. What is a possible solution to this problem?
Enable split horizon in the network.
Configure RIPv2 on routers.
Add network 192.168.1.0 to the RIP configuration on the JAX router.

Configure JAX Fa0/0 as a passive interface.
Enable the Serial0/0/0 interface on the JAX router.
Change the IP address on the Fa0/0 interface of the JAX router to 192.168.1.1/24.
16. What field was added to the RIP message header by RFC 1723 to add support for
VLSM and CIDR?
subnet mask
destination port number
address family identifier
source and destination IP addresses
17.
Refer to the exhibit. Which command on which router will allow Router1 to learn about
the 192.168.0.0/20 network?
Router1(config)# ip classless
Router1(config-router)# no passive-interface serial 0/1/1
Router2(config-router)# version 2
Router2(config-router)# neighbor 10.0.0.2

18.
Refer to the exhibit. Which two statements are true? (Choose two.)
Router1 will install a route to 192.168.0.0/20
Router2 will not install a route to 192.168.16.0/20
19.
Refer to the exhibit. All routers are running RIP version 2. JAX is configured to just
advertise the 10.0.0.0/24 network. CHI is configured to advertise the 172.16.0.0/16
network. A network administrator enters the commands shown in the exhibit. What
changes will occur in this network?
The JAX router will ignore updates for the 172.16.0.0/16 network due to split horizon
issues.
The CHI router will install a route to the 192.168.0.0/16 network in its routing table.
The routing table for CHI will have the 192.168.0.0/16 route but it will have an S next to
the route.
The ORL router will apply a 255.255.0.0 subnet mask to all networks in the routing
updates it forwards.
20.
Refer to the exhibit. Which command will allow Router2 to learn about the
192.168.16.0/28 network?
Router1(config)# ip classless
Router1(config-router)# network 192.168.16.0
Router1(config-router)# no passive-interface serial 0/1/1
Router2(config-router)# version 2
Router2(config-router)# neighbor 10.0.0.2

CHAPTER 6
1. What two advantages does CIDR provide to a network? (Choose two.)
reduced routing table size
dynamic address assignment
automatic route redistribution
reduced routing update traffic
automatic summarization at classful boundaries
2.
Refer to the exhibit. Which address is a broadcast address for one of the subnets that are
shown in the exhibit?
192.168.4.3/29
192.168.4.15/29
192.168.4.65/26
192.168.4.255/24
3.
In the network shown in the graphic, three bits were borrowed from the host portion of a
Class C address. How many valid host addresses will be unused on the three point-to-
point links combined if VLSM is not used?
12
36
84
180
4. Which of the following are contained in the routing updates of classless routing
protocols? (Choose two.)
32-bit address
next hop router interface
subnet mask
unicast host address
Layer 2 address
5.
Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator wants to create a subnet for the point-to-
point connection between the two routers. Which subnetwork mask would provide
enough addresses for the point-to-point link with the least number of wasted addresses?
255.255.255.192
255.255.255.224
255.255.255.240
255.255.255.248
255.255.255.252
6. What does VLSM allow a network administrator to do?
utilize one subnet mask throughout an autonomous system
utilize multiple subnet masks in the same IP address space
utilize IGRP as the routing protocol in an entire autonomous system
utilize multiple routing protocols within an autonomous system
7. Which three interior routing protocols support VLSM? (Choose three.)
OSPF
RIP v1
RIP v2
EIGRP
BGP
STP
8. Which of the following problems does VLSM help to alleviate?
the shortage of IP addresses
the difficulty of assigning static IP addresses to hosts in large enterprises
the complexity of implementing advanced routing protocols such as OSPF and EIGRP
the shortage of network administrators qualified in the use of RIP v1 and IGRP
9.
Refer to the exhibit. A network technician enters the static route in R1 needed to reach
network 10.1.1.0/24. A ping from the S0/0/0 interface on R1 to host B fails. The
technician begins testing the network and has the following results:
1. pings from R1 to the S0/0/0 interface on R2….successful
2. pings from R1 to the Fa0/0 interface on R2….successful
3. pings from host B to hosts on the 10.1.1.0/24 network….successful
4. pings from host B to the Fa0/0 interface on R2….successful
5. pings from R2 to host B….successful.
What is the likely cause of the failure of the ping from R1 to host B?
The default gateway on host B is not correctly set.

There are no routes back to networks connected to R1 from R2.
There is a Layer 2 problem between R2 and host B.
Host B has a defective Ethernet card.
10. A network administrator is tasked with dividing up a class C network among the QA,
Sales, and Administration departments. The QA department is made up of 10 people, the
Sales is made up of 28 people, and the Administration has 6. Which two subnets masks
adequately address the QA and Sales departments? (Choose two.)
255.255.255.252 for QA
• 255.255.255.224 for Sales
• 255.255.255.240 for QA
255.255.255.248 for QA
255.255.255.0 for Sales
11.
Refer to the exhibit. A network engineer is summarizing the two groups of routes on
router R1 shown in the exhibit. Which summarization will work for all the subnets?
192.168.0.0/23
192.168.0.0/22
192.168.0.0/21
192.168.0.0/20
12
A Class C address has been assigned for use in the network shown in the graphic. Using
VLSM, which bit mask should be used to provide for the number of host addresses
required on Router A, while wasting the fewest addresses?
/31
/30
/29
/28
/27
/26
13.
Refer to the exhibit. In the network that is shown, the router interfaces are assigned the
first address in each subnet. Which IP address would be usable for a host on one of the
LANs in this network?
192.168.1.5/30
192.168.2.17/28
192.168.2.63/27
192.168.2.130/25
14.
Refer to the exhibit. What subnet mask will be applied if Router A sends a RIPv1 update
for the network 172.16.1.0 to Router B?
none
16
24
15.
Refer to the exhibit. The number of required host addresses for each subnet in a network
is listed in the exhibit. This number includes the host address requirements for all router
ports and hosts on that subnet. After all device and router port address assignments are
determined, what will be the total number of unused host addresses available?
14
29
34
40
62
16.
An additional subnet is required for a new Ethernet link between Router1 and Router2 as
shown in the diagram. Which of the following subnet addresses can be configured in this
network to provide a maximum of 14 useable addresses for this link while wasting the
fewest addresses?
192.1.1.16/26
192.1.1.96/28
192.1.1.160/28
192.1.1.196/27
192.1.1.224/28
192.1.1.240/28
17. What is a supernet?
the network for a default route
a summarization of classful addresses
a network that contains both private and public addresses
a set of discontiguous networks that are controlled by an ISP
18.
Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator needs to create two subnetworks from
10.0.0.0/8 for a router running RIPv2. The Admin subnet requires 120 hosts and the Sales
subnet requires 58 hosts. The network administrator assigned 10.0.1.128/25 to the Admin
subnet. The Sales subnet is given 10.0.1.192/26. What will be the result of this addressing
scheme?
Because RIPv2 does not support VLSM, the subnet masks will not be allowed.
The subnets will not have enough host addresses for the given network requirements.
The subnets overlap and will be rejected by the router.

The router will support the addressing scheme.
19. A router has a summary route to network 192.168.32.0/20 installed in its routing
table. What range of networks are summarized by this route?
192.168.0.0 – 192.168.32.0/24
192.168.0.0 – 192.168.47.0/24
192.168.32.0 – 192.168.47.0/24
192.168.32.0 – 192.168.48.0/24
192.168.32.0 – 192.168.63.0/24
20.
Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator wants to minimize the number of entries
in Router1’s routing table. What should the administrator implement on the network?
VLSM
CIDR
private IP addresses
classful routing
21.
Refer to the exhibit. What subnet mask will be applied by router B when it receives a
RIPv1 update for the network 172.16.1.0?
none
16
24
22.
Refer to the exhibit. A network technician enters the static route in R1 needed to reach
network 10.1.1.0/24. A ping from R1 to Host B fails. The technician begins testing the
network and has the following results:
1. pings from R1 to the S0/0/0 interface on R2….successful

2. pings from R1 to the Fa0/0 interface on R2….successful
3. pings from Host B to hosts on the 10.1.1.0/24 network….successful
4. pings from Host B to the Fa0/0 interface on R2….successful
5. pings from R2 to Host B….successful
What is the likely cause of the failure of the ping from R1 to Host B?
Host B has a defective Ethernet card.
The default gateway on Host B is not correctly set.
There is a Layer 2 problem between R2 and Host B.
R2 does not have routes back to networks connected to R1.
CHAPTER 5
1.
Refer to the exhibit. The network that is shown is running RIPv1. The 192.168.10.0/24
network was recently added and will only contain end users. What command or set of
commands should be entered on Router1 to prevent RIPv1 updates from being sent to the
end user devices on the new network while still allowing this new network to be
advertised to other routers?
Router1(config-router)# no router rip Router1(config-router)# network 192.168.10.0

Router1(config-router)# no network 192.168.10.0
Router1(config-router)# passive-interface fastethernet 0/0
Router1(config-router)# passive-interface serial 0/0/0
2.
Refer to the output from the show ip route command. What can be concluded from the
output of this router command?
A preferred route to the destination has not been set.
There are two equal cost paths to network 1.0.0.0.
Both interfaces are being used equally to route traffic.
A variance must be set to load-balance across multiple paths.
3.
Refer to the exhibit. The Ethernet interface on Router2 goes down and the administrator
notices that the route is still in the Router1 routing table. How much longer will Router1
keep the down network in its routing table before marking it as possibly down?
30 seconds
90 seconds
155 seconds
180 seconds
255 seconds
4. What is the default update period in seconds for the RIP routing protocol?
10
12
15
20
30
60
5. Which of the following is considered a limitation of RIP v1?

RIP v1 does not send subnet mask information in its updates.
RIP v1 is not widely supported by networking hardware vendors.
RIP v1 consumes excessive bandwidth by multicasting routing updates using a Class D

address.
RIP v1 requires enhanced router processors and extra RAM to function effectively.
RIP v1 does not support load balancing across equal-cost paths.
RIP v1 authentication is complicated and time-consuming to configure.
6. Which command will display RIP activity as it occurs on a router?
debug ip rip
show ip route
show ip interface
show ip protocols
debug ip rip config
show ip rip database
7. What are three characteristics of the RIPv1 routing protocol? (Choose three.)
supports the use of VLSM
uses hop count as a metric
considers a metric of 16 as infinity
has an administrative distance of 110 by default
includes the destination IP address and subnet mask in routing updates
calculates metrics using the Bellman Ford algorithm

8.
Which of the following would be the correct command sequence to enable RIP on Router
B for all connected networks?
RouterB# router rip

RouterB(router)# network 210.36.7.0
RouterB(config)# router rip

RouterB(config-router)# network 198.16.4.0
RouterB(config)# configure router rip



9.
Refer to the exhibit. All routers are configured with valid interface addresses in the
indicated networks and are running RIPv1. The network is converged. Which routes are
present in the routing tables?
All routers have all routes in their routing table.
All routers have all /30 routes, but do not have /24 routes in their routing table.
All routers have all /30 routes. Routers A and E also have some of the /24 routes in their
routing table.
All routers have all /30 routes. Routers B and D also have some of the /24 routes in their
routing table.
Routers A and E have all routes. Routers B and D have only /30 routes in their routing
table.
Routers A and E have only /24 routes. Routers B and D have only /30 routes in their
routing table.
10. What will happen if an interface IP address is entered for the address portion of the
network command in a RIPv1 configuration instead of a network address?
The router will reject the command.
A route to the host address will be added to outgoing RIP updates.
A route to the host address will be added to the routing table.
All interfaces in the same classful network as the configured address will be included in
the RIPv1 routing process.
11.
Refer to the exhibit. Router1 and Router2 are running the RIPv1 protocol. The network
administrator configures the command network 10.1.0.0 on Router1. What network will
Router1 advertise to Router2?
10.1.0.0/16
10.1.0.0/8
10.0.0.0/16
10.0.0.0/8
12.
Refer to the exhibit. All routers in the exhibit are running RIP v1. The network
administrator issues the show ip route command on router A. What routes would appear
in the routing table output if the network is converged? (Choose two).
R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1]
C 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1]
R 10.10.3.0/24 [120/0]
C 10.10.3.0/24 [120/1]
R 10.10.1.0/24 [120/2]
R 10.10.1.0/24 [120/3]
13.
Refer to the exhibit. A network consists of multiple routers. What can be verified when
the show ip protocols command is issued on one of the routers in the network?
whether all routes in the network have been properly added to the routing table
routing protocol configuration in use for IP on this router
operational status of routing protocols in use on all routers in the network
routing metric of each network that is listed in the routing table

14.
Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded from the routing table output of router B?
A static default route has been configured on B.
The default-information originate command has been entered on A.
All traffic that is destined for 192.168.1.1 will be sent to address 0.0.0.0.
Hosts on the 10.16.1.0/27 network have 192.168.1.1 configured as the default gateway
address.
15. The following line was displayed in the output of the show ip route command. R
192.168.3.0/24 [120/3] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:30, Serial0/0 What is the value of the
routing metric?
3
12
20
30
120
16.
Refer to the exhibit. All routers that are shown are running the RIP routing protocol. All
unknown IP traffic must be forwarded to the ISP. What router or set of routers are
recommended to have both a default route and the default-information originatecommand
issued to implement this forwarding policy?
only Router1
only the gateway router
all routers in the network
only the routers with LANs needing Internet access
17.
Refer to the exhibit. Router1 is running RIPv1. What command was entered into Router1
to configure the gateway of last resort?
no auto-summary
ip default-network 0.0.0.0
ip default-gateway 10.0.0.0
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 S0/0/1
18. Which command or set of commands will stop the RIP routing process?
RouterB(config)# router rip RouterB(config-router)# shutdown
RouterB(config)# router rip RouterB(config-router)# network no 192.168.2.0
RouterB(config)# no router rip
RouterB(config)# router no rip
19. Which two statements are true regarding the characteristics of RIPv1? (Choose two).
It is a distance vector routing protocol.
It advertises the address and subnet mask for routes in routing updates.
The data portion of a RIP message is encapsulated into a TCP segment.
The data portion of a RIP message is encapsulated into a UDP segment.

It broadcasts updates every 15 seconds.
It allows a maximum of 15 routers in the routing domain.
20.
Refer to the exhibit. RIPv1 is running on all three routers. All interfaces have been
correctly configured with addresses in the address ranges that are shown. Which route
would you see in the routing table on router CHI if the routers are configured with the
commands that are displayed in the exhibit?
192.168.0.4/30
192.168.0.0/24
192.168.0.0/16
192.168.0.32/27
21. Refer to the exhibit. The Ethernet interface on Router2 goes down and the
administrator notices that the route is still valid in the routing table of Router1. How
much longer will it take for Router1 to mark the route invalid by setting the metric to 16?
30 seconds
90 seconds
155 seconds
180 seconds
255 seconds
CHAPTER 4
1.
What actions will occur after RouterA loses connectivity to network 114.125.16.0?
(Choose two.)
RouterB will include network 123.92.76.0 and 136.125.85.0 in its update to RouterA.
During the next update interval, RouterB will send a RIP update out both ports that
includes the inaccessible network.
During the next update interval, RouterC will send an update to RouterB stating that
network 114.125.16.0 is accessible in 2 hops.
Router C will learn of the loss of connectivity to network 114.125.16.0 from RouterB.
RouterB will include network 123.92.76.0 and 136.125.85.0 in its update to RouterC.
2. What does a router running RIP do first with a new route that is received from an
advertisement?
places it immediately in the routing table
adjusts the metric for the new route to show the added distance for the route
advertises this route out all other interfaces except the one that it came in on
sends a ping packet to verify that the path is a feasible route
3.
Refer to the exhibit. If all routers are using RIP, how many rounds of updates will occur
before all routers know all networks?
4. Which of the following methods does split horizon use to reduce incorrect routing
information?
Routing updates are split in half to reduce the update time.
Information learned from one source is not distributed back to that source.
New route information must be learned from multiple sources to be accepted.

The time between updates is split in half to speed convergence.
New route information is suppressed until the system has converged.
5.
Refer to the exhibit. The routers in this network are running RIP. Router A has not
received an update from Router B in over three minutes. How will Router A respond?
The Holddown timer will wait to remove the route from the table for 60 seconds.
The Invalid timer will mark the route as unusable if an update has not been received in
180 seconds.
The Update timer will request an update for routes that were learned from Router B.
The Hello timer will expire after 10 seconds and the route will be flushed out of the
routing table.
6.
The graphic shows a network that is configured to use RIP routing protocol. Router2
detects that the link to Router1 has gone down. It then advertises the network for this link
with a hop count metric of 16. Which routing loop prevention mechanism is in effect?
split horizon
error condition
hold-down timer
route poisoning
count to infinity
7. Which two statements describe EIGRP? (Choose two.)
EIGRP can be used with Cisco and non-Cisco routers.
EIGRP sends triggered updates whenever there is a change in topology that influences
the routing information.
EIGRP has an infinite metric of 16.
EIGRP sends a partial routing table update, which includes just routes that have been
changed.
EIGRP broadcasts its updates to all routers in the network.
8. Which event will cause a triggered update?

an update routing timer expires
a corrupt update message is received
a route is installed in the routing table
the network is converged
9. Which of the following statements are correct about RIP?
uses a broadcast to update all other routers in the network every 60 seconds
uses a multicast address to update other routers every 90 seconds
will send out an update if there is a failure of a link
updates only contain information about routes that have changed since last update
10. Which two statements are true regarding the function of the RIPv1 routing updates?
(Choose two).
updates are broadcast only when there are changes to the topology
updates are broadcast at regular intervals
broadcast are sent to 0.0.0.0
broadcasts are sent to 255.255.255.255
updates contain the entire network topology
only changes are included in the updates
11. A network administrator is evaluating RIP versus EIGRP for a new network. The
network will be sensitive to congestion and must respond quickly to topology changes.
What are two good reasons to choose EIGRP instead of RIP in this case? (Choose two.)
EIGRP uses periodic updates.
EIGRP only updates affected neighbors.

EIGRP uses broadcast updates.
EIGRP updates are partial.
EIGRP uses the efficient Bellman-Ford algorithm.
12. Which two conditions are most likely to cause a routing loop? (Choose two.)
random jitter
implementation of classful addressing
inconsistent routing tables
incorrectly configured static routes
a network converging too quickly
13. What metric does the RIP routing protocol consider to be infinity?
15
16
224
255
14. What does the RIP holddown timer do?
ensures an invalid route has a metric of 15
prevents a router from sending any updates after it has introduced a routing loop into the
network
ensures every new route is valid before sending an update

instructs routers to ignore updates, for a specified time or event, about possible
inaccessible routes
15.
Refer to the exhibit. What path will packets from the 192.168.1.0/24 network travel to
reach the 10.0.0.0/8 network if RIP is the active routing protocol?
The path will be router A -> router B -> router C -> router E.
The path will be router A -> router D -> router E
Router A will load balance between the router A -> router D -> router E and router A ->
router B -> router C -> router E path
Packets will alternate paths depending on the order they arrive at router A.
16. Three routers running a distance-vector routing protocol lost all power, including the
battery backups. When the routers reload, what will happen?
They will share all routes saved in NVRAM prior to the power loss with their directly
connected neighbors.
They will multicast hello packets to all other routers in the network to establish neighbor
adjacencie
They will send updates that include only directly connected routes to their directly
connected neighbor
They will broadcast their full routing table to all routers in the networ
17. What is a routing loop?
a packet bouncing back and forth between two loopback interfaces on a route
a condition where a return path from a destination is different from the outbound path
forming a "loop"
a condition where a packet is constantly transmitted within a series of routers without

ever reaching its intended destination
the distribution of routes from one routing protocol into another
18. Which statement is true regarding cisco’s RIP_JITTER variable?
It prevents the synchronization of routing updates by buffering the updates as they leave
the router interface
It prevents the synchronization of routing updates by subtracting a random length of time

ranging from 0% to 15% of the specified interval time from the next routing update
It prevents the synchronization of routing updates by causing the router to skip every
other scheduled update time
It prevents the synchronization of routing updates by forcing the router to listen when its
time for other updates on the lines before sending it
19. Which three routing protocols are distance vector routing protocols? (Choose three).
RIPv1
EIGRP
OSPF
IS-IS
RIPv2
20. Which of the following can exist in a distance vector network that has not converged?
(Choose three).
routing loops
inconsistent traffic forwarding
no traffic forwarding until system converges
inconsistent routing table entries
routing table updates sent to wrong destinations
21. What is the purpose of the TTL field in the IP header?
used to mark routes as unreachable in updates sent to other routers
prevents regular update messages from reinstating a route that may have gone bad
prevents a router from advertising a network through the interface from which the update
came
limits the time or hops that a packet can traverse through the network before it should be
discarded
defines a maximum metric value for each distance vector routing protocol by setting a
maximum hop count
CHAPTER 3
. Which two statements correctly describe the concepts of administrative distance and
metric? (Choose two.)
Administrative distance refers to the trustworthiness of a particular route.

A router first installs routes with higher administrative distances.
The value of the administrative distance can not be altered by the network administrator.
Routes with the smallest metric to a destination indicate the best path.
The metric is always determined based on hop count.
The metric varies depending which Layer 3 protocol is being routed, such as IP or IPX.
2.
Refer to the exhibit. Which statement correctly describes how R1 will determine the best
path to R2?
R1 will install a RIP route using network A in its routing table because the administrative
distance of RIP is higher than EIGRP.
R1 will install a RIP route using network A in its routing table because the path cost from
RIP is lower than EIGRP.
R1 will install an EIGRP route using network B in its routing table because the
administrative distance of EIGRP is lower than RIP.
R1 will install an EIGRP route using network B in its routing table because the path cost
from EIGRP is lower than RIP.
R1 will install an EIGRP route and a RIP route in its routing table and load balance
between them.
3. Which two statements are true regarding classless routing protocols? (Choose two.)
* sends subnet mask information in routing updates
sends complete routing table update to all neighbors
is supported by RIP version 1

* allows for use of both 192.168.1.0/30 and 192.168.1.16/28 subnets in the same
topology
reduces the amount of address space available in an organization
4. Which command would the network administrator issue to determine if load balancing
is in effect on a router?
show ip protocols
show ip route
show ip interface brief
show ip interface
5. Which statement is true regarding routing protocols?
RIP uses hop count and bandwidth as the metric for path selection and sendsupdates
periodically.
OSPF is a Cisco proprietary protocol that sends updates triggered by topology changes.
EIGRP uses DUAL to calculate the shortest path and can be configured to do unequal
cost load balancing.
BGP is a path vector interior routing protocol.
6. Which two conditions would create a setting where the use of a distance-vector routing
protocol would be efficient? (Choose two.)
the network requires a special hierarchical design
fast convergence of the network is crucial
the network is using a hub and spoke topology
the network is using a flat design
there are more than 15 hops between the most distant routers
7. What is the purpose of a routing protocol?
It is used to build and maintain ARP tables.
It provides a method for segmenting and reassembling data packets.
It allows an administrator to devise an addressing scheme for the network.
It allows a router to share information about known networks with other routers.
It provides a procedure for encoding and decoding data into bits for packet forwarding.
8. Which of the following best describes the operation of distance vector routing
protocols?
They use hop count as their only metric.
They only send out updates when a new network is added.
They send their routing tables to directly connected neighbors.
They flood the entire network with routing updates.
9. Which of the following is associated with link-state routing protocols?
low processor overhead
poison reverse
routing loops
split horizon
shortest-path first calculations
10. Why is fast convergence desirable in networks that use dynamic routing protocols?
Routers will not allow packets to be forwarded until the network has converged.
Hosts are unable to access their gateway until the network has converged.
Routers may make incorrect forwarding decisions until the network has converged.
Routers will not allow configuration changes to be made until the network has converged.
11. Which of the following conditions must be met in order for a network to have
converged?
The routers in the network are operating with dynamic routing protocols.
The routers in the network are operating with compatible versions of IOS.
The routers in the network are operating with the same routing tables.
The routers in the network are operating with consistent routing knowledge.
12. Which two statements are true regarding metrics? (Choose two.)
RIP uses bandwidth as a metric.
OSPF uses delay as a metric.
EIGRP uses bandwidth as a metric.
OSPF uses cost based on bandwidth as a metric.
RIP uses delay as a metric.
EIGRP uses hop count only as a metric.
13. Which two statements are true regarding the advantages of the use of static routes?
(Choose two).
increased security
reduced effort in configuring routes
the administrator maintains control over routing

easier to implement in a growing network
reduces the chance of routing errors
increased router resource usage
14. The following line of code is displayed in a routing table:

R 209.165.201.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.252.2, 00:00:16, S0/0/0
What can be concluded from this output?
A packet destined for host 192.168.252.2 will be forwarded out the interface connected to
network 209.165.201.0/24.
The value, 120, is used to determine the best path when a router has more than one
routing protocol configured for the same destination network.
This route was manually configured using the ip route command.
192.168.252.2 is an interface on the router that produced this output.
15. What will be the result of the following commands?
ORL(config)# interface fastethernet 0/0

ORL(config-if)# ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0
ORL(config-if)# no shutdown
The 172.16.3.0 network will be routed by any dynamic routing protocol automatically.
A routing table entry is made to the 172.16.3.0 network with a code of “C”.
A static route is required to route traffic to the 172.16.3.0 network.
The commands will be saved to the startup-configuration.
16. An engineer creates a static route by entering the Router(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0
255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2 command. What can be concluded about this route?
The administrative distance of this route is 1.
192.168.1.2 is the address of an interface on this router.

This route will display as a directly connected network in the routing table.
Packets with a destination IP address of 192.168.1.2 will be forwarded to the 10.0.0.0/24

network first.
17.
Refer to the exhibit. Router1 and Router2 are running EIGRP. All interfaces are
operational and packets can be forwarded between all networks. What information will
be found in the routing table for Router1?
Router1 will have 6 directly connected networks.
The administrative distance of the route to network 172.16.0.0 will be 90.
The metric for routes to 172.16.0.0 will be 1.
The interface that is used to forward packets to 172.16.0.0 will always be the S0/1
interface.
18. The following line of code is present in the routing table:

O 10.16.1.0/27 [110/129] via 192.168.1.5, 00:00:05, Serial0/0/1
What does the number 129 indicate in this output?
The cost for this link has a value of 129.
The clock rate on this serial interface is set to 129,000.

The next-hop router is 129 hops away from this router.
This route has been updated 129 times in this routing table.
19. A growing medium-sized manufacturing company recently began to have routing

instability issues. The company uses static routes and has a mixture of over 30 Cisco and
non-Cisco routers. The network administrator has decided to convert the network to
dynamic routing. What characteristics of protocols should be considered in this selection
process?
Distance vector routing protocols, such as RIP, converge more quickly than do link-state
routing protocols.
EIGRP can be used on all of the routers in the company.
OSPF can be used between the routers.
An exterior routing protocol, such as BGP, is recommended for growing companies.
20.
Refer to the exhibit. If RIP is the routing protocol, what is the value of the metric from
router A to network 192.168.5.0/24?
3
4
56
624
724
21. A router learns two paths with equal metrics to a destination network via the RIP
routing protocol. How will the router handle packets to the destination network?
The router will install the first route it learned into the routing table.
The router will install both routes in the routing table and load balance between the two.
The router will put the first route in the routing table, and denote the second route as a
backup route.
The router will pick the path with the higher bandwidth and will place it in the routing
table.
22. When multiple routing protocols have a route to the same destination network, what
determines which route is installed in the routing table?
best metric
lowest hop count
greatest available bandwidth
lowest administrative distance
CHAPTER 2
1. A static route that points to the next hop IP will have what administrative distance and
metric in the routing table?
administrative distance of 0 and metric of 0

2. What address can be used to summarize networks 172.16.1.0/24, 172.16.2.0/24,

172.16.3.0/24, and 172.16.4.0/24?
172.16.0.0/21
172.16.1.0/22
172.16.0.0 255.255.255.248
172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0
3.
The routers in the diagram use the subnet assignments shown. What is the most efficient
route summary that can be configured on Router3 to advertise the internal networks to the
cloud?
192.1.1.0/26 and 192.1.1.64/27
192.1.1.128/25
192.1.1.0/23 and 192.1.1.64/23
192.1.1.0/24
192.1.1.0/25
192.1.1.0/24 and 192.1.1.64/24

4.
Refer to the exhibit. What is the significance of the /8 in the route to the 10.0.0.0
network?
It indicates that there are 8 hops between this router and the 10.0.0.0 network.
It represents the time, in milliseconds, it takes for a ping to reply when sent to the
10.0.0.0 network.
It indicates that there are 8 subnets in the destination network to which the router can
forward packets.
It indicates the number of consecutive bits, from the left, in the destination IP address of a
packet that must match 10.0.0.0 to use that route.
5.
Refer to the exhibit. How will packets destined to the 172.16.0.0 network be forwarded?
Router1 will perform recursive lookup and packet will exit S0/0.
Router1 will perform recursive lookup and packet will exit S0/1.
There is no matching interface associated with network 172.16.0.0 so packets will be

dropped.
There is no matching interface associated with network 172.16.0.0 so packets will take
gateway of last resort and exit out S0/2.
6. A network administrator enters the following command into Router1: ip route

192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 S0/1/0. Router1 then receives a packet that is destined for
192.168.0.22/24. After finding the recently configured static route in the routing table,
what does Router1 do next to process the packet?
drops the packet because the destination host is not listed in the routing table
looks up the MAC address of the S0/1/0 interface to determine the destination MAC
address of the new frame
performs a recursive lookup for the IP address of the S0/1/0 interface before forwarding
the packet
encapsulates the packet into a frame for the WAN link and forwards the packet out the
S0/1/0 interface
7.
Refer to the exhibit. Given the output in the exhibit, how would a clock rate be
determined for this link?
The rate would be negotiated by both routers.
A rate would not be selected due to the DCE/DTE connection mismatch.
The rate configured on the DTE determines the clock rate.
The rate configured on the DCE determines the clock rate.
8.
Refer to the exhibit. Which set of commands will configure static routes that will allow
the WinterPark and the Altamonte routers to deliver packets from each LAN and direct
all other traffic to the Internet?
WinterPark(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.146.1

Altamonte(config)# ip route 10.0.234.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.146.2
Altamonte(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/1



9. Hosts on two separate subnets cannot communicate. The network administrator
suspects a missing route in one of the routing tables. Which three commands can be used
to help troubleshoot Layer 3 connectivity issues? (Choose three.)
ping
show arp
traceroute
show ip route
show interface
show cdp neighbor detail
10.
Refer to the exhibit. A company network engineer is assigned to establish connectivity

between the two Ethernet networks so that hosts on the 10.1.1.0/24 subnet can contact
hosts on the 10.1.2.0/24 subnet. The engineer has been told to use only static routing for
these company routers. Which set of commands will establish connectivity between the
two Ethernet networks?
R1(config)# ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1
R2(config)# ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.2
R1(config)# ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.2

R2(config)# ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1
R1(config)# ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.2

R2(config)# ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1
R1(config)# ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1

R2(config)# ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.2
R1(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.2.1

R2(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.1.1
11. Which of the following are displayed by the Router# show cdp neighbors command?
(Choose three.)
load
platform
reliability
holdtime
local interface
12.
Refer to the exhibit. What two commands are required to provide connectivity between
the 192.168.1.0 and 10.0.0.0 networks without requiring recursive lookup? (Choose two.)
A(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 s 0/1/0
A(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 172.16.40.2
A (config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 s 0/0/0
B(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 s 0/0/0
B (config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.40.1
B(config)# ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 s 0/1/0
13.
Refer to the exhibit. What two commands will change the next-hop address for the
10.0.0.0/8 network from 172.16.40.2 to 192.168.1.2? (Choose two.)
A(config)# no network 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 172.16.40.2
A(config)# no ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 172.16.40.2
A(config)# no ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 172.16.40.2
A(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 s0/0/0
A(config)# ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 192.168.1.2
14. What happens to a static route entry in a routing table when the outgoing interface is
not available?
The route is removed from the table.
The router polls neighbors for a replacement route.
The route remains in the table because it was defined as static.
The router redirects the static route to compensate for the loss of the next hop device.
15. A router has one static route to each destination network. Which two scenarios would
require an administrator to alter the static routes that are configured on that router?
(Choose two.)
The destination network no longer exists.
The destination network is moved to a different interface on the same router.
The path between the source and destination is upgraded with a higher bandwidth link.
A topology change occurs where the existing next-hop address or exit interface is not
accessible.
The remote destination network interface has to be down for 15 minutes of maintenance.
16. Why is it advisable to enter a next-hop IP address when creating a static route whose
exit interface is an Ethernet network?
Adding the next-hop address eliminates the need for the router to do any lookups in the
routing table before forwarding a packet.
In a multi-access network, the router cannot determine the next-hop MAC address for the
Ethernet frame without a next-hop address.
Using a next-hop address in a static route provides a route with a lower metric.
In multi-access networks, using a next-hop address in a static route makes that route a
candidate default route.
17. The output of the Router# show interfaces serial 0/1 command displays the following:
Serial0/1 is up, line protocol is down.
What is the most likely cause for the line protocol being down?
Serial0/1 is shutdown.
There is no cable connecting the routers.
The remote router is using serial 0/0.
No clock rate has been set.
18.
Refer to the exhibit. Which static route should be configured on Router1 so that host A
will be able to reach host B on the 172.16.0.0 network?
ip route 192.168.0.0 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0
ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.0.1
ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 S0/0/1
ip route 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 S0/0/0
19. What two devices are responsible for converting the data from the WAN service
provider into a form acceptable by the router? (Choose two).
the serial port of the router
a modem
a switch
the ethernet port of the router
a CSU/DSU device
a DTE device
20.
Which of the following is true regarding CDP and the graphic shown?
CDP running on Router D will gather information about routers A, B, C, and E.
By default, Router A will receive CDP advertisements from routers B and C.
If routers D and E are running different routing protocols, they will not exchange CDP
information.
Router E can use CDP to identify the IOS running on Router B.
21. Which two statements describe functions or characteristics of CDP? (Choose two.)
It starts up automatically and allows the device to detect directly connected neighbor
devices that use CDP.
It operates at the network layer and allows two systems to learn about each other.
It creates a topology map of the entire network.
It allows systems to learn about each other even if different network layer protocols are
configured.
It forwards advertisements about routes for faster convergence.
22. Which piece of information is available from examining the output of the command
show ip interface brief?
Interface speed and duplex
Interface MTU
Errors
Interface MAC address
Interface IP address
CHAPTER 1
1. If a router cannot find a valid configuration file during the startup sequence, what will
occur?
The startup sequence will reset.
The router will prompt the user for a response to enter setup mode.
The startup sequence will halt until a valid configuration file is acquired.
The router will generate a default configuration file based on the last valid configuration.
The router will monitor local traffic to determine routing protocol configuration
requirements.
2.
Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator has configured the router with the
interface IP addresses shown for the directly connected networks. Pings from the router
to hosts on the connected networks or pings between router interfaces are not working.
What is the most likely problem?
The destination networks do not exist.
The IP addresses on the router interfaces must be configured as network addresses and
not host addresses.
The interfaces must be enabled with the no shutdown command.
Each interface must be configured with the clock rate command.
3.
Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded from the routing table output in the exhibit?
(Choose two.)
This router only has two interfaces.
The router interfaces are not operational yet.

This router is configured to forward packets to remote networks.
The FastEthernet0/0 and Serial0/0/0 interfaces of this router were configured with an IP
address and the no shutdown command.
An IP packet received by this router with a destination address of 198.18.9.1 will be

forwarded out of the Serial0/0/0 interface.
4.
Refer to the exhibit. The frame shown in the exhibit was received by the router. The
router interfaces are operational. How will the router process this frame? (Choose two.)
The router will change the source and destination IP address in the packet before
forwarding the frame.
The router will change the frame type to one supported by the WAN link before
forwarding the frame.
The router will use the destination MAC address to determine which interface to forward
the packet.
The router will look up the MAC address of the S0/0/0 interface in the ARP table and add
it to the frame before forwarding.
The frame was received on the Fa0/0 interface of the router and will be switched to the
S0/0/0 interface.
The frame was received on the S0/0/0 interface of the router and will be switched to the
Fa0/0 interface.
5. Passwords can be used to restrict access to all or parts of the Cisco IOS. Select the
modes and interfaces that can be protected with passwords. (Choose three.)
VTY interface
console interface
Ethernet interface
secret EXEC mode
privileged EXEC mode
router configuration mode
6. Which two statements correctly describe the components of a router? (Choose two.)
RAM permanently stores the configuration file used during the boot sequence.
ROM contains diagnostics executed on hardware modules.
NVRAM stores a backup copy of the IOS used during the boot sequence.
Flash memory does not lose its contents during a reboot.
ROM contains the most current and most complete version of the IOS.
Flash contains boot system commands to identify the location of the IOS
7.
Refer to the exhibit. After host 2 is connected to the switch on the LAN, host 2 is unable
to communicate with host 1. What is the cause of this problem?
The subnet mask of host 2 is incorrect.
Host 1 and host 2 are on different networks.
The switch needs an IP address that is not configured.
The router LAN interface and host 1 are on different networks.
The IP address of host 1 is on a different network than is the LAN interface of the router.
8. Which are functions of a router? (Choose three.)
packet switching
extension of network segments
segmentation of broadcast domains
selection of best path based on logical addressing
election of best path based on physical addressing
9.
Refer to the exhibit. All routers have a route in its routing table to each network that is
shown in the exhibit. Default routes have not been issued on these routers. What can be
concluded about how packets are forwarded in this network? (Choose two.)
If RouterC receives a packet that is destined for 10.5.1.1, it will be forwarded out
interface Fa0/0.
If RouterA receives a packet that is destined for 192.168.3.146, it will be forwarded out
interface S0/0/1.
If RouterB receives a packet that is destined for 10.5.27.15, it will be forwarded out
interface S0/0/1.
If RouterB receives a packet that is destined for 172.20.255.1, it will be forwarded out
interface S0/0/0.
If RouterC receives a packet that is destined for 192.16.5.101, it will be forwarded out
interface S0/0/1.
10.
The serial connection shown in the graphic needs to be configured. Which configuration
commands must be made on the Sydney router to establish connectivity with the
Melbourne site? (Choose three.)
Sydney(config-if)# ip address 201.100.53.2 255.255.255.0
Sydney(config-if)# no shutdown
Sydney(config-if)# ip address 201.100.53.1 255.255.255.224
Sydney(config-if)# clock rate 56000
Sydney(config-if)# ip host Melbourne 201.100.53.2
11.
Refer to the exhibit. What can be concluded from the output of the running-configuration
of a router?
The passwords are encrypted.
The current configuration was saved to NVRAM.
The configuration that is shown will be the one used on the next reboot.
The commands that are displayed determine the current operation of the router.
12.
Refer to the exhibit. Host A pings host B. When R4 accepts the ping into the Ethernet
interface, what two pieces of header information are included? (Choose two.)
source IP address: 192.168.10.129
source IP address: BBBB.3333.5677
destination IP address: 192.168.10.33
destination IP address: 192.168.10.134
destination MAC address: 9999.DADC.1234
13. What is the outcome of entering these commands?
R1(config)# line vty 0 4

R1(config-line)# password check123
R1(config-line)# login
ensures that a password is entered before entering user EXEC mode
sets the password to be used for connecting to this router via Telnet
requires check123 to be entered before the configuration can be saved
creates a local user account for logging in to a router or switch

14. Which of the following is the correct flow of routines for a router startup?
load bootstrap, load IOS, apply configuration
load bootstrap, apply configuration, load IOS
load IOS, load bootstrap, apply configuration, check hardware
check hardware, apply configuration, load bootstrap, load IOS
15. What three processes does a router execute when it receives a packet from one
network that is destined for another network? (Choose three.)
decapsulates the Layer 3 packet by stripping off the Layer 2 frame header
uses the destination MAC Address in the IP Header to look up the next-hop address in the
routing table
leaves the Layer 2 frame header intact when decapsulating the Layer 3 packet
uses the destination IP Address in the IP header to look up the next-hop address in the
routing table
encapsulates the Layer 3 packet into the new Layer 2 frame and forwards it out the exit
interface
encapsulates the Layer 3 packet into a special Layer 1 frame and forwards it to the exit
interface
16. The network administrator needs to connect two routers directly via their
FastEthernet ports. What cable should the network administrator use?
straight-through
rollover
cross-over
serial
17. Which two statements describe characteristics of load balancing? (Choose two.)
Load balancing occurs when a router sends the same packet to different destination
networks.
Load balancing occurs when a router sends the same packet to different destination
networks.
Load balancing allows a router to forward packets over multiple paths to the same
destination network.
Unequal cost load balancing is supported by EIGRP.
If multiple paths with different metrics to a destinations exist, the router cannot support
load balancing.
18. What information about the router and its startup process can be gathered from the
output of the show version command? (Choose three.)
the last restart method
the command buffer contents
the amount of NVRAM and FLASH used
the configuration register settings
the location from where the IOS loaded
19.
Which interfaces in the exhibit could be used for a leased line WAN connection? (Choose
two.)
20. From what location can a router load the Cisco IOS during the boot process? (Choose
two.)
RAM
TFTP server
NVRAM
setup routine
Flash memory
terminal
21. A network administrator has just entered new configurations into Router1. Which
command should be executed to save configuration changes to NVRAM?
Router1# copy running-config flash
Router1(config)# copy running-config flash
Router1# copy running-config startup-config
Router1(config)# copy running-config startup-config
Router1# copy startup-config running-config
Router1(config)# copy startup-config running-config
22. What is the default sequence for loading the configuration file?
NVRAM, FLASH, ROM
FLASH, TFTP,CONSOLE
NVRAM, TFTP, CONSOLE
FLASH, TFTP, ROM
23. What header address information does a router change in the information it receives
from an attached Ethernet interface before information is transmitted out another
interface?
only the Layer 2 source address
only the Layer 2 destination address
only the Layer 3 source address
only the Layer 3 destination address
the Layer 2 source and destination address
the Layer 3 source and destination address

1
3
4
6
R1 is powered off.
10.2.0.0/16.
network 10.2.0.0/16.
topology?
Serial0 of Router2.
Router3.

Router1
Router2
Router3
Router4
the OSPF protocol.
and A, C, D.
for this?

of addresses?
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.1.48 /28
192.168.1.32/27
192.168.1.64/26

Slow convergence
192.168.0.26?
172.16.0.0/8
172.16.0.0/10
172.16.0.0/13
172.16.0.0/20
172.16.0.0/24
updates.
192.168.200.0/24 network?
table.
RIPv1
RIPv2
EIGRP
OSPF
EIGRP
OSPF
RIPv1
RIPv2
command?
address.
A network administrator is in charge of two separate networks that share a single building. What device
will be required to connect the two networks and add a common connection to the Internet that can be
shared?
hub
xxxx router
access point
Ethernet switch
Which two router component and operation pair are correctly described? (Choose two.)
DRAM ‐ loads the bootstrap
RAM ‐ stores the operating system
Flash ‐ executes diagnostics at bootup
xx NVRAM ‐ stores the configuration file
ROM ‐ stores the backup configuration file
xx POST ‐ runs diagnostics on hardware modules
A router boots and enters setup mode. What is the reason for this?
The IOS image is corrupt.
Cisco IOS is missing from flash memory.
xxx The configuration file is missing from NVRAM.
The POST process has detected hardware failure.

Refer to the exhibit. Packets destined to which two networks will require the router to perform a
recursive lookup? (Choose two.)
xxx10.0.0.0/8
64.100.0.0/16
128.107.0.0/16
172.16.40.0/24
192.168.1.0/24
xxxx192.168.2.0/24
Which candidate route has the longest match for a packet with a destination address of 10.30.16.48?
10.30.0.0/16
10.30.15.0/23
10.30.16.0/24
xxx 10.30.16.32/27
10.30.16.32/30
Refer to the exhibit. Routers R1 and R3 use different routing protocols with default administrative
distance values. All devices are properly configured and the destination network is advertised by both
protocols.
xxx The packets will travel via R2‐R1.
The packets will travel via R2‐R3.
The traffic will be load‐balanced between two paths — via R2‐R1 and via R2‐R3.
The packets will travel via R2‐R3, and the other path via R2‐R1 will be retained as the backup path.

In a complex lab test environment, a router has discovered four paths to 192.168.1.0/24 via the use of
the RIP routing process. Which route will be installed in the routing table after the discovery of all four
paths?

R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/3] via 192.168.110.1, 00:00:17, Serial0/1/0
R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.200.1, 00:00:17, Serial0/0/0
xx R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.100.1, 00:00:17, Serial0/0/1
R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/4] via 192.168.101.1, 00:00:17, Serial0/1/1
A network administrator uses the RIP routing protocol to implement routing within an autonomous
xx It uses the Bellman‐Ford algorithm to determine the best path.
xx It periodically sends complete routing tables to all connected devices.
Which two statements are true for link‐state routing protocols? (Choose two.)
xx Routers that run a link‐state protocol can establish a complete topology of the network.
Routers in a multipoint network that run a link‐state protocol can exchange routing tables.
xx The shortest path first algorithm is used.

Which two statements are true about classless routing protocols? (Choose two.)
xx They can be used for discontiguous subnets.
xx They can forward supernet routes in routing updates.
They cannot implement classful routes in routing tables.
They use only a hop count metric.
They do not include the subnet mask in routing updates.
Which statement is true regarding routing metrics?
All routing protocols use the same metrics.
EIGRP uses bandwidth as its only metric.
xx Routers compare metrics to determine the best route.
The larger metric generally represents the better path.
Which routing protocol by default uses bandwidth and delay to calculate the metric of a route?
RIPv1
RIPv2
OSPF
xx EIGRP

You have been asked to explain converged networks to a trainee. How would you accurately describe a
converged network?
A network is converged when all routers have formed an adjacency.
A network is converged immediately after a topology change has occurred.
A network is converged when all routers flush the unreachable networks from their routing tables.
xx A network is converged after all routers share the same information, calculate best paths, and
update their routing tables.
Refer to the exhibit. All the routers are properly configured to use the RIP routing protocol with default
settings, and the network is fully converged. Router A is forwarding data to router E. Which statement is
true about the routing path?
Router A will send the data via the A‐D‐E path that is listed in the routing table.
Router A will load‐balance the traffic between A‐B‐E and A‐C‐E.
xx Router A will determine that all paths have equal metric cost.
Router A will send the data through A‐D‐E and keep A‐B‐E and A‐C‐E as the backup paths.
Refer to the exhibit. A device is required to complete the connection between router R1 and the WAN.
Which two devices can be used for this? (Choose two.)
xx a CSU/DSU device
xx a modem
an Ethernet switch
a hub
a bridge

Which component is typically used to connect the WIC interface of a router to a CSU/DSU?
xx V.35 cable
RJ‐45 adapter
crossover cable
straight‐through cable
Which router mode is accessed by entering the enable command?
user EXEC
xx privileged EXEC
global configuration
interface configuration
Refer to the exhibit. What are the effects of the exhibited commands on the router?
All passwords are encrypted.
Only Telnet sessions are encrypted.
xx Only the enable password is encrypted.
Only the enable password and Telnet session are encrypted.
Enable and console passwords are encrypted.
Refer to the exhibit. A technician has configured the interfaces on the Router, but upon inspection
discovers that interface FastEthernet0/1 is not functioning. Which action will most likely correct the
problem with FastEthernet0/1?
A clock rate should be added to the interface configuration.
The subnet mask should be added to the interface configuration.
An interface description needs to be added to the interface configuration.
xx The no shutdown command needs to be added to the interface configuration.
Refer to the exhibit. Which route in the routing table of R1 will be discarded by its neighboring router?
192.168.2.0
192.168.3.0
xx 192.168.4.0
192.168.9.0
192.168.10.0
192.168.11.0
Refer to the exhibit. All interfaces are addressed and functioning correctly. The network administrator
runs the tracert command on host A. Which two facts could be responsible for the output of this
command? (Choose two.)
The gateway for Host A is missing or improperly configured.
The gateway for Host B is missing or improperly configured.
xx The entry for 192.168.1.0/24 is missing from the routing table of R2.
xx The entry for 192.168.2.0/24 is missing from the routing table of R1.
In which situation would a default static route be recommended?
xx when connecting an edge router to the Internet
when variable length subnet masking is in effect
when there is more than one valid route for a destination network
when a destination network has a larger mask than any routes in the routing table

What is the advantage of configuring a static route with an exit interface instead of a next‐hop address?
The router will perform a recursive lookup.
This route will automatically be used as the gateway of last resort.
xx The exit interface configuration consumes less router processing time.
The exit interface configuration has an administrative distance value of 1.
Refer to the exhibit. On the basis of the show running‐config output, which option correctly reflects the
routes that will be listed in the R2 routing table?
A static route has been configured on a router. However, the destination network no longer exists. What
should an administrator do to remove the static route from the routing table?
xx Remove the route using the no ip route command.

Refer to the exhibit. Hosts on the 192.168.1.0 network cannot communicate with hosts on the
172.16.1.1 network. The network administrator has run the show ip route command on R1.
The FastEthernet interface on R1 is disabled.
Autosummarization is enabled on R1.
The serial interface S0/0/0 of R1 is administratively down.
xx No static route or routing protocol is configured.
Refer to the exhibit. The users on the local network 172.16.1.0/24 complain that they are unable to
connect to the Internet. What step should be taken to remedy the problem?
xx The default route on R2 should be configured with the R3 serial interface as the next hop.
The default route on R2 must be replaced with a new static route and the next hop should be the R1
FastEthernet interface.
A network administrator needs to assign the very last usable IP address in the 172.24.64.0/18 network
range to the router interface that serves this LAN. Which IP address should the administrator configure
on the interface?
172.16.128.154/18
172.16.255.254/18
172.24.64.254/18
xx 172.24.127.254/18

Refer to the exhibit. Which summarization should R1 use to advertise its networks to R2?
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.0.0/24
xx 192.168.0.0/22
192.168.1.0/22

xx The Fa0/1 interfaces of the two routers are configured for different subnets.
Refer to the exhibit. What does the highlighted entry for network 172.30.0.0/16 indicate?
xx Automatic summarization is enabled on R1.
The routing table of R2 contains only classful networks.
R2 will reject this update.
The routing protocol that is configured on both routers is RIPv1.
Which additional piece of information is included in the updates of classless routing protocols to support
the use of VLSM and discontiguous networks?
metric
xx network mask
neighbor router ID
administrative distance

Refer to the exhibit. The network is running the RIP routing protocol. Network 10.0.0.0 goes down.
Split horizon will prevent Router4 from fowarding packets to the 10.0.0.0 network until the holddown
timer expires.
Router5 immediately flushes the unreachable route from its routing table.
xx Router5 will send Router4 a triggered update with a metric of 16 for network 10.0.0.0.
What is the purpose of the TTL field within an IP packet header?
clears an unreachable route from the routing table after the invalid timer expires
prevents regular update messages from inappropriately reinstating a route that may have gone bad
removes an unreachable route from the routing table after the flush timer expires
xx limits the period of time or number of hops a packet can traverse through the network before it
should be discarded
used to mark the route as unreachable in a routing update that is sent to other routers
Which two technologies can be used in distance vector routing protocols to prevent routing loops?
(Choose two.)
authentication
link‐state advertisements
xx hold‐down timers
Spanning Tree Protocol
xx split horizon

Refer to the exhibit. PC1 is unable to access the Internet. What is the cause of the problem?
An incorrect IP address is configured between the two routers.
No static route is configured on Router2.
xx A routing loop has occurred.
No routing protocol is configured on either of the two routers.
Refer to the exhibit. Both routers are using the RIPv2 routing protocol and static routes are undefined.
R1 can ping 192.168.2.1 and 10.1.1.2, but is unable to ping 192.168.4.1.
What is the reason for the ping failure?
The serial interface between two routers is down.
xx The 192.168.4.0 network is not included in the RIP configuration of R2.
RIPv1 needs to be configured.
A sniffer program has captured a packet with a destination IP address of 224.0.0.10. Which protocol
uses this IP address?
RIP
RIPv2
OSPF
xx EIGRP
When would the network administrator use the ip bandwidth‐percent eigrp as‐number percent
command?
xx when there is a low bandwidth connection
when the connection is on a shared medium
when the connection is serial instead of Ethernet
when the link is always busy
Refer to the exhibit. A network technician notes that there are missing EIGRP routes in the routing
tables on each router in this network. Based on the exhibited output, what caused these missing routes?
The holdtime values are mismatched.
xx The autonomous system numbers are mismatched.
The interfaces on the link between RouterC and RouterD are shut down.
An EIGRP neighbor relationship has not been established between RouterA and RouterB.
Refer to the exhibit. What will occur if the link to 192.168.2.0/24 through the FastEthernet0/0 interface
fails?
The DUAL algorithm will place 192.168.2.0/24 in an active state.
The route to 192.168.2.0/24 will be dropped from the routing table.
xx The feasible successor through Serial0/0/0 will be installed in the routing table.
The 192.168.0.1 link through Serial0/0/0 will be recalculated to see if it is a feasible successor.
Packets that are destined for 192.168.2.0/24 will be broadcast through all interfaces until a successor
route is determined.
Refer to the exhibit. Host A is having problems accessing server A. All routers have the same EIGRP
configuration as router RTR_A. What should be done so that host A can access server A?
xx Add the command no auto‐summary on all routers.
Change the network statements to include a wildcard mask.
Adjust the EIGRP hello timers to account for the network delay.
Add the command eigrp log‐neighbor‐changes on all routers.

Refer to the exhibit. R1 and R2 are unable to establish an adjacency. What two configuration changes
will correct the problem? (Choose two.)
Set a lower priority on R2.
xx Configure the routers in the same area.
Set a lower cost on R2 compared to R1.
Add a backup designated router to the network.
xx Match the hello and dead timers on both routers.
Refer to the exhibit. The IP addresses on all interfaces on router R1 were configured before the OSPF
protocol had been enabled on the router. No OSPF router ID was manually configured. Which IP address
will be selected by the router as an OSPF router ID?
xx 10.10.10.1
172.16.1.1
172.16.2.1
192.168.1.1
192.168.100.1
What are two advantages of using a loopback interface on a router with OSPF enabled? (Choose two.)
A loopback interface has a much lower OSPF cost value by default.
xx A loopback interface provides a stable ID because the loopback interface cannot be shutdown.
xx A network administrator has more control over the DR/BDR election by using a loopback interface
over a physical interface.
A loopback interface can be configured with a higher bandwidth value than can a physical interface.
The loopback interface address overrides any physical interface address or configured router‐id value.

Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has configured OSPF using the following command:
network 192.168.1.32 0.0.0.31 area 0
FastEthernet0/0
FastEthernet0/1
xx Serial0/0/0
Serial0/0/1
Refer to the exhibit. All interfaces are configured with the correct IP addresses and subnet masks. OSPF
has been configured as the routing protocol. During troubleshooting, it is determined that hosts on
network B can ping the Lo0 interface on R1 but are unable to reach hosts on network A. What is the
xx The configuration of router R1 fails to include network A in the OSPF routing process.
Refer to the exhibit. What does the state "FULL/ ‐" indicate?
The DR/BDR election is currently taking place.
xx The router with router ID 10.112.0.34 and RouterA are on a point‐to‐point network.
RouterA could not form a neighbor relationship with the router with router ID 10.112.0.34.
OSPF hello and dead timers between RouterA and the router with router ID 10.112.0.34 do not match.

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1. Refer to the exhibit. How many routes are child routes?

17. Refer to the exhibit. Which router is advertising subnet 172.16.1.32/28?

23. What are three features of CDP? (Choose three.)

26. What is the function of the OSPF LSR packet?

17. Refer to the exhibit. Which router is advertising subnet 172.16.1.32/28?

23. What are three features of CDP? (Choose three.)

26. What is the function of the OSPF LSR packet?

17. Refer to the exhibit. Which router is advertising subnet 172.16.1.32/28?

23. What are three features of CDP? (Choose three.)

26. What is the function of the OSPF LSR packet?

It connects multiple IP networks.

flash, TFTP server, ROM

3. Which router component is used to store the routing table?

The packet will be dropped.

The packets will travel via R2-R1.

router R1 Fa0/0 interface

router R1 S0/0/0 interface

It will use the A-D path only.

The traffic will be load-balanced between A-B-D and A-C-D.

They are aware of the complete network topology.

R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:24, Serial0/0/1

R 192.168.100.0/24 [120/1] via 172.16.1.1, 00:00:24, Serial0/0/0

R1 and R3 are connected to each other via the S0/0/0 interface.

R2 is connected to the S0/0/1 interface of R3.

18. Refer to the exhibit. Which router is advertising subnet 172.16.1.32/28?

ABCD is a router that is connected to R1.

The device is connected at the Serial0/0/1 interface of R1.

Remove the route using the no ip route command.

The FastEthernet interface of R1 is disabled.

One of the default routes is configured incorrectly.

Which ping will fail?

It will forward the packet via the S0/0/0 interface.

It will forward the packet to R1

the IP address of the Fa0/0 interface of R1

the IP address of the S0/0/0 interface of R1

The default gateway is incorrect.

192.168.10.31 is the broadcast address for this subnet

the IP address of the server

variable length subnet masks

Because RIPv1 is a classless protocol, it does not support this access.

RIPv1 does not support discontiguous networks.

R1 is originating the route 172.30.200.32/28.

Automatic summarization is disabled.

A(config)# router rip

B(config)# router rip

What is a possible cause of this problem?

The routers are configured with different versions of RIP.

It assigns a value that represents an infinite metric to the poisoned route.

Paris(config)# router eigrp 100

Paris(config-router)# network 192.168.7.0

It sends queries to adjacent neighbors until a new successor route is found.

The JAX router has the wrong process ID.

As new neighbors are discovered, entries are placed in a neighbor table.

The packet is discarded.

Automatic summarization is disabled.

The two routers are connected on a multiaccess network.

R1(config-router)# network 172.16.0.0 0.0.31.255 area 0

OSPF interval timers mismatch

interface network type mismatch

the highest IP address of any logical interface

48. What is the function of the OSPF LSR packet?

Routers R1 and R2 have incorrect router IDs configured.

4. A network administrator needs to configure a single router to load-balance the traffic