DIFFERENT TYPES OF DIODES

Khaled Ibrahim Abdel Aziz

Supervised by
Dr.Hala Bahy Eldeen
 Diode Symbol Working & Opertion Applications

When forward-biased, electrons

are able to recombine with holes seven-
The Light-Emitting releasing energy in the form of segment display
Diode (LED) photons (SSD)

When reverse-biased a reverse -Solar cells

current is produced by -Compact disc (CD)
generated electron-hole pairs in players
The Photodiode depletion region when light falls
-smoke detectors
on p-n junction and the current
increases with light intensity -remote control devices
-Bar code scanner

When a current is applied to

LED, infrared light is produced -Optical Fiber
and passes through the
-Switch Mode Power
optocoupler. The beam travels
Supply
across a gap and is picked up by
The Optocoupler the photosensor, which
converts it back into an electrical -Factory Automation
signal. In the absence of light, -Power Line
LED Photosensor the input and output circuits are Communication (PLC)
electrically isolated from each
other.

When forward-biased electrons -Telecommunication

fall into holes to recombine and -Data communication
The Laser Diode photons are released with the -Measurement
same energy level, phase and -Industrial
frequency
 When reverse- biased, it acts like
a constant capacitance
When forward-biased, it acts like -RF and microwave
a current-controlled variable switches
The PIN Diode resistance. The low forward
resistance of intrinsic region -Limiters
decreases with increasing
current

In forward-bias, when voltage

increases electrons at the first
tunnel flow through p-n junction -Oscillator and
The Tunnel Diode microwave amplifier
and got aligned with empty
valence band holes on the p-side
of the p-n junction. As a result, -logic memory storage
current starts falling. The region device
into which the current drops is
known as negative
resistance region. By increasing
voltage further, diode begins to
operate as a normal diode.
In reverse bias, electrons tunnel
from the valence band in the p-
type material to the conduction
band in the n-type material, and
the level of the current increase
monotonically.

-Rectification of
signals of frequencies
even exceeding 300
The Schottky Diode MHz
-switching power
supplies at frequencies
of 20 GHz
 In reverse-bias, P-type and N-
type regions are similar to the
capacitor. The size of the
depletion region changes with -TN Reciever FM
change in reverse-bias. If the -Voltage controlled
The Varactor Diode reverse voltage is increased, oscillators, VCOs
the depletion region size -depletion layer as
plates of capacitance
increases. Similarly, if the
-RF filters
reverse voltage is decreased,
then the depletion region size
decreases or narrows.

-Fast switching
The Step-Recovery When forward-bias and charge applications
Diode (SRD) enters, it appears as a normal -Produce sine wave
diode. When switch from forward multiple frequency
to reverse cut-off, a reverse
current flows briefly as stored
charge is removed. When all the
charge is removed it suddenly
turns off

-Double-plug
construction
The Current -Constant Current
Regulator Diode Supply
It keeps a constant current value
-Current Limiting
over a specified range of forward
-Timing Circuits
voltages ranging from about
1.5 V to 6 V
 Reverse-bias (for example –0.1 to
–0.6 V) than for forward-bias
voltages.
The breakdown starts when -Rectifier
The Back Diode reverse voltage is applied. In the -switch
case of Zener breakdown, it starts
at a particular voltage. In this diode -detector
the voltage remains relatively
constant (independent of current)
when it is connected in reverse-
bias

References
Electronic Devices 9th edition Thomas L. Floyd
http://www.azooptics.com/Article.aspx?ArticleID=809
http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com/definition/optoisolator
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opto-isolator
Application Based Optocoupler Design Guide - California Eastern Laboratories
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PIN_diode
http://analyseameter.com/2016/03/tunnel-diode-operation-characteristics-working-principle-
applications.html
http://www.radio-electronics.com/info/data/semicond/schottky_diode/schottky_barrier_diode.php
http://www.rohm.com/web/in/di_what5
https://www.edgefx.in/varactor-diode-circuit-working-and-characteristics/
http://www.radio-electronics.com/info/data/semicond/diodes/step-recovery-diode-srd.php
Diodes and special diodes Jangra, Desai & Suryavanshi
Current Regulator Diodes -Vishay Corporation