Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 332

@LBiz: en/1962/CM206:

MAP

<<< COmmUNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >>
<•>   KARL MARX (1818-1883) and FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-
1895) —founders of scientific communism, leaders of the
international proletariat.
TOC
Card K. MARX and F. ENGELS • From the Manifesto of the
9 Communist Party
Text
HTML
K. MARX • From the Article "Thoughts of a Young Man on Choosing
PS
17 a Profession"
PDF
19 From the Poems of the Young Marx
T*
19* K. MARX • From the Introduction to "On the Criticism of the
19 Hegelian Philosophy of Right”
###
K. MARX and F. ENGELS • From The Holy Family or Critique of
20 Critical Critique

21 F. ENGELS • From the Elberfeld Speeches

23 F. ENGELS • From Principles of Communism

24 Marx’s Confessions

26 K. MARX • From a Letter to S. Meyer

26 K. MARX • Letter to F. Engels

27 K. MARX • From a Letter to Engels

27 F. ENGELS • From a Letter to E. Blank

28 K. MARX • From "The Civil War in France"

29 K. MARX • From a Letter to W. Bios

30 F. ENGELS • From Anti-D\:uhring

35 F. ENGELS • From the Speech at the Graveside of Karl Marx

F. ENGELS • From The Origin of the Family, Private Property and


36 the State

37 F. ENGELS • From a Letter to Gertrude Guillaume-Schak

F. ENGELS • From the Introduction to Marx’s Wage Labour and


38 Capital

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.html[2012-12-17 23:01:48]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206:

  LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • (1870–1924) —great theoretician of


Marxism, founder of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and
of the Soviet socialist state.

39 From the Article "Frederick Engels”

From the Article "A Retrograde Trend in Russian Social-


40 Democracy"

40 From a Letter to P. N. Lepeshinsky

41 From the Article "Party Organisation and Party Literature"

41 From the Article "The Attitude of the Workers’ Party to Religion"

43 From the Article "Once More on Partyism and Non-Partyism"

43 From an Obituary "Ivan Vasilyevich Babushkin"

44 From the Article "The Working Class and Neomalthusianism"

45 From the Article "Corrupting the Workers with Refined Nationalism"

45 From the Article "The Right of Nations to Self-Determination"

45 Letter to Inessa Armand

47 From a Letter to Inessa Armand

53 From the Article "Who Are You Laughing At?

53 From the Article "Political Blackmail"

53 From the Article "On Compromises"

From the Concluding Speech at the Meeting of the All-Russian


54 Central Executive Committee

54 From the Article "How to Organise Competition"

57 From the Article "The Immediate Tasks of the Soviet Government"

58 From the Article "A Little Picture to Explain Big Questions"

59 From the Article "Reply to an Enquiry from a Peasant"

From the Article "A Great Beginning" • HEROISM OF THE


60 WORKERS IN THE REAR. "COMMUNIST SUBBOTNIKS"

65 From the Article "The Workers’ State and Party Week"

From the Article "Results of the Party Week in Moscow, and Our
66 Tasks"

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.html[2012-12-17 23:01:48]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206:

From the Speech at the First All-Russian Inaugural Congress of


66 Mineworkers

From the Article "From the Destruction of the Age-Old Order to


68 the Creation of the New"

From the Article "From the First Subbotnik on the Moscow-Kazan


68 Railway to the All-Russian May-Day Subbotnik"

V. I. Lenin on Communist Morality (FROM CLARA ZETKIN’S


69 REMINISCENCES)

The Tasks of the Youth Leagues • FROM THE SPEECH


DELIVERED AT THE THIRD ALL-RUSSIAN CONGRESS OF THE
74 RUSSIAN YOUNG COMMUNIST LEAGUE, OCTOBER 2, 1920

From the Report “The New Economic Policy and the Tasks of Political
Education" Delivered at the Second All-Russian Congress of Political
78 Education Workers

  PROBLEMS OF MORALITY AND EDUCATION IN THE


PROGRAMME OF THE C.P.S.U.

V. The Tasks of the Party in the Spheres of Ideology, Education,


79 Instruction, Science, and Culture

89 ... 4. In the Field of Cultural Development, Literature and Art

. .. VII. The Party in the Period of Full-Scale Communist


92 Construction

  DZERZHINSKY, FELIX EDMUNDOVICH • (1877–1926)


—prominent figure in the Communist Party, a Soviet statesman,
permanent Chairman of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission
for Combating CounterRevolution, Profiteering and Sabotage; an
ardent fighter for the revolution.

96 From a Prison Diary

   

*** Editing Help Wanted ***


*** Please Email the Webmaster ***
At this point in the Table of Contents, more editing is
needed
to convert raw text from OCR output into "Poor Man’s
Markup".
This book is 48.642047002266 % done.
Please email the webmaster if you would like to learn how
to edit text files.

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.html[2012-12-17 23:01:48]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206:

The End.

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.html  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:01:47 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.html[2012-12-17 23:01:48]
Leninist.Biz:

<<<

>>>
• English Titles     <—   Workers of All Countries, Unite!
<< • >>     <—   ¡Proletarios de todos los países,
<•>
• Títulos Español uníos!
   
###
English What’s New on   <—  
eBooks: this site? en/Whatsnew
 
Español Que Nuevo en   <—  
eLibros: Este Sito? es/Quenuevo

   
Email:
 
webmaster@leninist.biz
   

Notes:

Wish-list: If you donate or loan these books, we’ll add them to the archive:

Lenin Obras Completas, Akal Editor (Mexico).


• • • Tomos: 1 3 7 9 18 & 45.2
Lenin Obras Completas, Editorial Progreso (Moscu).
• • • Tomos: ALL
Lenin Collected Works, International Publishers (1940’s) (New York).
• • • Tomos: ALL

2010 June 27  

http://www.leninist.biz/index.html[2012-12-17 23:01:53]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: M.and.E-From.the.Manifesto.of.the.Communist.Party

MAP

<<< COMMUNIST MORalITY @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> KARL MARX 9


<•> (1818-1883)
and
TOC
FREDERICK ENGELS
Card
(1820-1895)
—founders of scientific
Text
HTML communism, leaders of the international
PS proletariat.
 
PDF
K. MARX and F. ENGELS
T* From the
19*
Manifesto of the Communist Party
 

### 099-3.jpg

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/M.and.E-From.the.Manifesto.of.the.Communist.Party[2012-12-17 23:01:59]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: M.and.E-From.the.Manifesto.of.the.Communist.Party

099-4.jpg

K-MARX.F-ENGELS p

.. .The proletarian is without property; his relation to his wife and children has no p
longer anything in common with the bourgeois family relations; modern industrial
labour, modern subjection to capital, the same in England as in France, in America
as in Germany, has stripped him of every trace of national character. Law, morality,
religion, are to him so many bourgeois prejudices, behind which lurk in ambush just
as many bourgeois interests.

All the preceding classes that got the upper hand, sought to fortify their already p
acquired status by subjecting society at large to their conditions of appropriation. The
proletarians cannot become masters of the productive forces of society, except by 10
abolishing their own previous mode of appropriation, and thereby also every other
previous mode of appropriation. They have nothing of their own to secure and to
fortify; their mission is to destroy all .previous securities for, and insurances of,
individual property—–

... In bourgeois society capital is independent and has individuality, while the living p
person is dependent and has no individuality.

And the abolition of this state of things is called by the bourgeois, abolition of p
individuality and freedom! And rightly so. The abolition of bourgeois individuality,
bourgeois independence, and bourgeois freedom is undoubtedly aimed at.

By freedom is meant, under the present bourgeois conditions of production, free p


trade, free selling and buying.

But if selling and buying disappears, free selling and buying disappears also. This p
talk about free selling and buying and all the other "brave words" of our bourgeoisie
about freedom in general, have a meaning, if any, only in contrast with restricted
selling and buying, with the fettered traders of the Middle Ages, but have no
meaning when opposed to the communistic abolition of buying and selling, of the
bourgeois conditions of production, and of the bourgeoisie itself.

You are horrified at our intending to do away with private property. But in your p

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/M.and.E-From.the.Manifesto.of.the.Communist.Party[2012-12-17 23:01:59]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: M.and.E-From.the.Manifesto.of.the.Communist.Party

existing society, private property is already done away with for nine-tenths of the
population; its existence for the few is solely due to its non-existence in the hands
of those nine-tenths. You reproach us, therefore, with intending to do away with a
form of property,

11
1848.
gonton.
ber Office tu ,,$ilmnj«-<l»ifillf<taft fSt
MSB 3. dcjur^art. 4fi» LIVERPOOL STREET. BrsuorsaAiu.

12

the necessary condition for whose existence is the nonexistence of any property for
the immense majority of society.

In one word, you reproach us with intending to do away with your property. p
Precisely so; that is just what we intend.

From the moment when labour can no longer be converted into capital, money, or p
rent, into a social power capable of being monopolised, i.e., from the moment when
individual property can no longer be transformed into bourgeois property, into
capital, from that moment, you say, individuality vanishes.

You must, therefore, confess that by “individual” you mean no other person than the p
bourgeois, than the middleclass owner of property. This person must, indeed, be -
swept out of the way, and made impossible.

Communism deprives no man of the power to appropriate the products of society; p


all that it does is to deprive him of the power to subjugate the labour of others by
means of such appropriation.

It has been objected that upon the abolition of private property all work will cease, p
and universal laziness will overtake us.

According to this, bourgeois society ought long ago to have gone to the dogs p
through sheer idleness; for those of its members who work, acquire nothing, and
those who acquire anything, do not work. The whole of this.objection is but another
expression of the tautology: that there can no longer be any wage-labour when there
is no longer any capital.

All objections urged against the communistic mode of producing and appropriating p
material products, have, in the same way, been urged against the communistic modes
of producing and appropriating intellectual products. Just as, to the bourgeois, the 13
disappearance of class property is the disappearance of production itself, so the
disappearance of class culture is to him identical with the disappearance of all
culture.

That culture, the loss of which he laments, is, for the enormous majority, a mere p
training to act as a machine.

But don’t wrangle with us so long as you apply, to our intended abolition of p
bourgeois property, the standard of your bourgeois notions of freedom, culture, law,
etc. Your very ideas are but the outgrowth of the conditions of your bourgeois
production and bourgeois property, just as your jurisprudence is but the will of your

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/M.and.E-From.the.Manifesto.of.the.Communist.Party[2012-12-17 23:01:59]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: M.and.E-From.the.Manifesto.of.the.Communist.Party

class made into a law for all, a will, whose essential character and direction are
determined by the economical conditions of existence of your class.

The selfish misconception that induces you to transform into eternal laws of nature p
and of reason, the social forms springing from your present mode of production and
form of property-historical relations that rise and disappear in the progress of
production-this misconception you share with every ruling class that has preceded
you. What you see clearly in the case of ancient property, what you admit in the
case of feudal property, you are of course forbidden to admit in the case of your
own bourgeois form of property.

Abolition of the family! Even the most radical flare up at this infamous proposal of p
the Communists.

On what foundation is the present family, the bourgeois family, based? On capital, p
on private gain. In its completely developed form this family exists only among the
bourgeoisie. But this state of things finds its complement in the practical absence of
the family among the proletarians, and in public prostitution.

The bourgeois family will vanish as a matter of course when its complement p 14
vanishes, and both will vanish with the vanishing of capital.

Do you charge us with wanting to stop the exploitation of children by their parents? p
To this crime we plead guilty.

But, you will say, we destroy the most hallowed of relations, when we replace p
home education by social.

And your education! Is not that also social, and determined by the social conditions p
under which you educate, by the intervention, direct or indirect, of society, by means
of schools, etc.? The Communists have not invented the intervention of society in
education; they do but seek to alter the character of that intervention, and to rescue
education from the influence of the ruling class.

The bourgeois clap-trap about the family and education, about the hallowed co- p
relation of parent and child, becomes all the more disgusting, the more, by the action
of Modern Industry, all family ties among the proletarians are torn asunder, and their
children transformed into simple articles of commerce and instruments of labour.

But you Communists would introduce community of women, screams the whole p
bourgeoisie in chorus.

The bourgeois sees in his wife a mere instrument of production. He hears that the p
instruments of production are to be exploited in common, and, naturally, can come to
no other conclusion than that the lot of being common to all will likewise fall to the
women.

He has not even a suspicion that the real point aimed at is to do away with the p
status of women as mere instruments of production.

For the rest, nothing is more ridiculous than the virtuous indignation of our p
bourgeois at the community of women which, they pretend, is to be openly and
officially established by the Communists. The Communists have no need to introduce 15
community of women; it has existed almost from time immemorial.

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/M.and.E-From.the.Manifesto.of.the.Communist.Party[2012-12-17 23:01:59]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: M.and.E-From.the.Manifesto.of.the.Communist.Party

Our bourgeois, not content with having the wives and daughters of their proletarians p
at their disposal, not to speak of common prostitutes, take the greatest pleasure in
seducing each other’s wives.

Bourgeois marriage is in reality a system of wives in common and thus, at the p


most, what the Communists might possibly be reproached with, is that they desire to
introduce, in substitution for a hypocritically concealed, an openly legalised
community of women. For the rest, it is self-evident that the abolition of the present
system of production must bring with it the abolition of the community of women
springing from that system, i.e., of prostitution both public and private....

... The charges against communism made from a religious, a philosophical, and, p
generally, from an ideological standpoint, are not deserving of serious examination.

Does it require deep intuition to comprehend that man’s ideas, views and p
conceptions, in one word, man’s consciousness, changes with every change in the
conditions of his material existence, in his social relations and in his social life?

What else does the history of ideas prove, than that intellectual production changes p
its character in proportion as material production is changed? The ruling ideas of
each age have ever been the ideas of its ruling class. . When people speak of ideas
that revolutionise society, they do but express the fact, that within the old society, the
elements of a new one have been created, and that the dissolution of the old ideas
keeps even pace with the dissolution of the old conditions of existence,

When the ancient world was in its last throes, the ancient religions were overcome p 16
by Christianity. When Christian ideas succumbed in the 18th century to rationalist
ideas, feudal society fought its death battle with the then revolutionary bourgeoisie.
The ideas of religious liberty and freedom of conscience merely gave expression to
the sway of free competition within the domain of knowledge.

“Undoubtedly," it will be said, "religious, moral, philosophical and juridical ideas p


have been modified in the course of historical development. But religion, morality,
philosophy, political science, and law, constantly survived this change.”

“There are, besides, eternal truths, such as Freedom, Justice, etc., that are common p
to all states of society. But communism abolishes eternal truths, it abolishes all
religion, and all morality, instead of constituting them on a new basis; it therefore
acts in contradiction to all past historical experience.”

What does this accusation reduce itself to? The history of all past society has p
consisted in the development of class antagonisms, antagonisms that assumed
different forms at different epochs.

But whatever form they may have taken, one fact is common to all past ages, viz., p
the exploitation of one part of society by the other. No wonder, then, that the social
consciousness of past ages, despite all the multiplicity and variety it displays, moves
within certain common forms, or general ideas, which cannot completely vanish
except with the total disappearance of class antagonisms.

The communist revolution is the most radical rupture with traditional property p
relations; no wonder that its development involves the most radical rupture with
traditional ideas....

...The Communists fight for the attainment of the immediate aims, for the p 17

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/M.and.E-From.the.Manifesto.of.the.Communist.Party[2012-12-17 23:01:59]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: M.and.E-From.the.Manifesto.of.the.Communist.Party

enforcement of the momentary interests of the working class; but in the movement of
the present, they also represent and take care of the future of that movement.. . .

... In short, the Communists everywhere support every revolutionary movement p


against the existing social and political order of things.

In all these movements they bring to the front, as the leading question in each, the p
property question, no matter what its degree of development at the time.

Finally, they labour everywhere for the union and agreement of the democratic p
parties of all countries.

The Communists disdain to conceal their views and aims. They openly declare that p
their ends can be attained only by the forcible overthrow of all existing social
conditions. Let the ruling classes tremble at a communistic revolution. The
proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win.

WORKING MEN OF ALL COUNTRIES, UNITE!

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< K. MARX • From the Article >>


"Thoughts of a Young Man on
Choosing a Profession"
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • (1870- >>>


-1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/M.and.E-
From.the.Manifesto.of.the.Communist.Party
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ
leninistbiz ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:01:55 252 e-books currently
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/M.and.E-From.the.Manifesto.of.the.Communist.Party[2012-12-17 23:01:59]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: M.and.E-From.the.Manifesto.of.the.Communist.Party

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/M.and.E-From.the.Manifesto.of.the.Communist.Party[2012-12-17 23:01:59]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-From.the.Article.Thoughts.of.a.Young.Man-

MAP

<<< COmmUNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> K. MARX 17


<•> From the Article
"Thoughts of a Young Man
TOC
on Choosing a Profession"
Card  

... If our conditions of life permit us to choose any profession, then we can select p
Text one that gives us the greatest dignity, one based on ideas of whose truth we are fully
HTML convinced. We can choose a profession that offers the greatest scope for work in
PS behalf of mankind, and for ourselves to come closer to the common aim, in relation 18
PDF to which every profession is only a means for getting closer to perfection.
T* Dignity is precisely that which most of all elevates a man, which gives supreme p
19* nobility to his work, to all his aspirations, allowing him to rise firmly above the
crowd, and to arouse its amazement.’
###
But only the profession in which we are not slavish tools, but create independently p
within our own circle, can give dignity, only the profession that does not demand
reprehensible actions, even if reprehensible only in outward appearance, and which
can be followed even by the best with noble pride. The profession which provides all
this in the highest degree is not always the highest, but is always the most to be
preferred.

... If a man works only for himself he can, perhaps, become a famous scientist, a p
great sage, an excellent poet, but he can never become a man that is truly perfect
and great.

History recognises as great men those who, by working for a common aim, p
themselves become ennobled; experience extols as happiest the man who has brought
happiness to the greatest number of people....

... If we have chosen a profession in which we can most of all work for mankind,
we shall not bend under its burden, because this is a sacrifice made for all; then we
shall experience not petty, limited egoistic joy, but our happiness will belong to the
millions, our deeds will then live a peaceful but perpetually active life, and over our
ashes hot tears will be shed by noble people.

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< K. MARX and F. ENGELS • From From the Poems of the Young Marx >>
the Manifesto of the Communist
Party
 

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.the.Article.Thoughts.of.a.Young.Man-[2012-12-17 23:02:12]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-From.the.Article.Thoughts.of.a.Young.Man-

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-
From.the.Article.Thoughts.of.a.Young.Man-
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ
leninistbiz ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:02:07 252 e-books currently
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.the.Article.Thoughts.of.a.Young.Man-[2012-12-17 23:02:12]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-From.the.Poems.of.the.Young.Marx

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Poems of the Young Marx 19


<•>  

Not for me a life untroubled. p


TOC Not for my tempestuous soul.
Card Let my life be full of struggle
For a great and lofty goal.
Text Art, disclose to me thy treasures p
HTML Cherished by the human race!
PS With my intellect and senses
PDF
All the world would I embrace.
T* Let us march into the distance p
19*
On a journey hard and far.
### Not for us a drab existence
With no aim or guiding star.

Not for us a life of languour p


In a miserable pen.
Let us feel desire and anger,
Passion, pride-as should real men!

1836

***
 
normal
TEXT SIZE
Notes

< >
 

<< K. MARX • From the Article K. MARX • From the Introduction >>
"Thoughts of a Young Man on to "On the Criticism of the Hegelian
Choosing a Profession" Philosophy of Right''
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-
From.the.Poems.of.the.Young.Marx
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
leninistbiz
252 e-books currently
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:02:21
online

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.the.Poems.of.the.Young.Marx[2012-12-17 23:02:24]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-From.the.Poems.of.the.Young.Marx

 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.the.Poems.of.the.Young.Marx[2012-12-17 23:02:24]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-From.the.Introduction.to.On.the.Criticism

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> K. MARX 19


<•> From the Introduction to
"On the Criticism of the
TOC
Hegelian Philosophy of Right”
Card  

... Religious misery is at the same time an expression of real misery and a protest p
Text against this real misery. Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart of a 20
HTML heartless world, as it is the spirit of a soulless system. Religion is the opium of the
PS people.
PDF
The abolition of religion as the illusory happiness of the people is the demand for p
T* their true happiness. The demand to give up illusions about one’s position is the
19* demand tor the rejection of a position whidh needs illusions. It follows that criticism
of religion is criticism in embryo oi the vale of tears, the sacred halo of which is
###
religion.

Criticism has discarded from the chains the false flowers which adorned them-not p
so that mankind should continue to wear these chains in their form devoid of all joy
and pleasure, but in order that it should throw off the chains and stretch its hand for
the living flower.

Criticism of religion frees man from illusions so that he should think, act and build
his own reality as one who has freed himself from illusions, who has become a
rational man, in order that he should revolve around himself and his own real sun.
Religion is only an illusory sun which moves around man until he begins to move
around himself....

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< From the Poems of the Young Marx K. MARX and F. ENGELS • From >>
The Holy Family or Critique of
Critical Critique
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-
From.the.Introduction.to.On.the.Criticism
 

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.the.Introduction.to.On.the.Criticism[2012-12-17 23:02:34]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-From.the.Introduction.to.On.the.Criticism

1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]


leninistbiz
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:02:28 252 e-books currently
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.the.Introduction.to.On.the.Criticism[2012-12-17 23:02:34]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: M.and.E-From.The.Holy.Family

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> K. MARX and F. ENGELS 20


<•> From
The Holy Family or Critique
TOC
of Critical Critique
Card  

February 8, 1845 p
Text
HTML ... If man draws all his knowledge, sensation, etc., from the world of the senses and
PS the experience gained in it, the empirical world must be arranged so that in it man
PDF experiences and gets used to what is really human and that he becomes aware of
himself as man. If correctly understood, interest is the principle of all moral, man’s 21
T* private interest must be made to coincide with the interest of humanity. If man is
19* unfree in the materialist sense, i.e., is free not through the negative power to avoid
this or that, but through the positive power to assert his true individuality, crime
###
must not be punished in the individual, but the anti-social source of crime must be
destroyed, and each man must be given social scope for the vital manifestation of
his being. If man is shaped by his surroundings, his surroundings must be made
human. If man is social by nature, he will develop his true nature only in society,
and the power of his nature must be measured not by the power of separate
individuals but by the power of society.

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< K. MARX • From the Introduction F. ENGELS • From the Elberfeld >>
to "On the Criticism of the Hegelian Speeches
Philosophy of Right''
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/M.and.E-From.The.Holy.Family  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:02:41 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/M.and.E-From.The.Holy.Family[2012-12-17 23:02:44]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: M.and.E-From.The.Holy.Family

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/M.and.E-From.The.Holy.Family[2012-12-17 23:02:44]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.the.Elberfeld.Speeches

MAP

<<< COMMUNIST MORalITY @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> F. ENGELS 21


<•> From the
Elberfeld Speeches
TOC  

Card ... In communist society, where the interests of individuals do not conflict, but are p
identical, competition vanishes. There will be no longer any question, of course, of
Text the ruin of individual classes, or of classes in general such as the rich and the poor’
HTML at the present time. In the production and distribution of benefits essential to life,
PS private appropriation, the striving of each individual to enrich himself at his own
PDF risk, will disappear....

T* ... To protect itself from crime, from acts of open violence, society needs an
19* extensive, complex organism of administrative and juridical institutions requiring an
infinite expenditure of human forces. In communist society this will also be infinitely 22
### simplified, and for the precise reason -strange though it may sound-that in this
society the administration will have to deal with not only individual aspects of social
life, but with the whole life of society in all its manifestations and all its aspects.
We destroy the antagonism between the individual and all the rest, we counter social
war by social peace, we hack away the very roots of crime and thereby render
superfluous a large, by far the largest, part of the present-day activities of the
administrative and juridical institutions. Already now, crimes of passion are
increasingly giving way to crimes committed by calculation, in pursuance of some
interest; crimes against the person are decreasing, but crimes against property are
increasing... . Crimes against property will disappear of themselves where each
receives all that is needed to satisfy his physical and spiritual requirements, where
social barriers and differences are removed. The criminal court will disappear of
itself, the civil court which deals almost exclusively with property relations or, at any
rate, relations which have for their premise the state of social war, will also
disappear; the law suits which today are the natural result of universal enmity will
then become rare exceptions easily settled by arbitration. The administrative organs
today also have the constant state of war as the source of their activity-the police
and the whole administration are only concerned that the war should remain
concealed, indirect, that it should not degenerate into open violence, crime. But if it
is far easier to maintain peace than to keep war within certain limits, it is also
infinitely easier to administer communist society than a society in which competition
holds sway. And if civilisation has already taught people to see that their interests lie
in maintaining public order. ensuring public security and the interests of society, and 23
thus make the police, the administration and justice as far as possible superfluous,
how much more will this take place in a society where community of interests is
made a basic principle, where public interests no longer differ from the interests of
each individual! What is now taking place J27 spite oi public institutions will be far
more widespread when public institutions no longer hamper but, on the contrary,
promote this! . . .

***
 
normal
TEXT SIZE

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.the.Elberfeld.Speeches[2012-12-17 23:07:38]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.the.Elberfeld.Speeches

Notes

< >
 

<< K. MARX and F. ENGELS • From F. ENGELS • From Principles of >>


The Holy Family or Critique of Communism
Critical Critique
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.the.Elberfeld.Speeches  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:06:33 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.the.Elberfeld.Speeches[2012-12-17 23:07:38]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.Principles.of.Communism

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> F. ENGELS 23


<•> From Principles of Communism
 

TOC ... Question 21. What influence will the communist social system have on the p
Card family?

Answer. It will make relations between the sexes a purely private affair, which will p
Text
be a matter only for the persons concerned, and in which society has no need to
HTML
PS
interfere. This is possible because of the abolition of private property and because of
PDF the public education of children, in consequence of which both of the bases for
marriage hitherto-the dependence through private property of the wife on the husband
T* and the children on the parents -are abolished.
19*
It is here that we find the answer to the outcry of highlymoral philistines about
### common ownership of women under communism. .Common ownership of women is
a phenomenon belonging wholly to bourgeois society and flourishing at the present
time in the form of prostitution. But prostitution is based on private property and
will disappear together with it. Consequently, instead of introducing common 24
ownership of women, communist organisation will abolish it.. ..

099-5.jpg

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< F. ENGELS • From the Elberfeld Marx's Confessions >>


Speeches
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-
From.Principles.of.Communism
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
leninistbiz
252 e-books currently
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:07:57
online

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.Principles.of.Communism[2012-12-17 23:08:03]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.Principles.of.Communism

 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.Principles.of.Communism[2012-12-17 23:08:03]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-Marxs.Confessions

MAP

<<< COmmUNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> Marx’s Confessions  [ 24•*   24


<•>  

Your favourite virtue: Simplicity


TOC
" " in man: " " in woman: Your chief characteristic: Your idea of happiness:
Card
""
Text
HTML misery: p
PS
PDF The vice you excuse most: " detest most: Your aversion: Favourite occupation: poet: p

T* “ " prosewriter: hero: heroine: " " flower: " " colour: " " name: p
19*
" dish: Favourite maxim: p
###
motto:

Strength Weakness Singleness of purpose To fight Submission Gullibility Servility


Martin Tupper  [ 24•**   Bookworming Shakespeare, Aeschylus, Goethe Diderot
Spartacus, Kepler Gretchen Daphne Red Laura, Jenny Fish Nihil humani a me
alienum puto De omnibus dubitandum
25
.jt J,^

099-6.jpg

***
 

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-Marxs.Confessions[2012-12-17 23:08:09]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-Marxs.Confessions

TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

[ 24•* ]   Two of the existing three variants of Marx’s confessions are given on pp. 24
and 25. The facsimile on page 25 is taken from an album belonging to Marx’s
daughter Jenny.

[ 24•**]   Martin Tupper (1810-1889)-an English writer. Marx regarded him as the
personification of banality, whose writings aimed at achieving cheap popularity.

< >
 

<< F. ENGELS • From Principles of K. MARX • From a Letter to S. >>


Communism Meyer
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-Marxs.Confessions  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:08:06 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-Marxs.Confessions[2012-12-17 23:08:09]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-From.a.Letter.to.S.Meyer

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> K. MARX 26


<•> From a Letter to S. Meyer
 

TOC April 30, 1867 p


Card
... Well, why didn’t I answer you? Because I was constantly hovering at the edge p
of the grave. Hence I had to make use of every moment when I was able to work to
Text
complete my book, to which I have sacrificed health, happiness, and family. I trust
HTML
PS
that this explanation needs no supplementation. I laugh at the so-called “practical”
PDF men with their wisdom. If one chose to be an ox, one could of course turn one’s
back on the sufferings of mankind and look after one’s own skin. But I should have
T* really regarded myself as impractical if I had pegged out without completely
19* finishing my book, at least in manuscript.

### The first volume of the work will be published in a few weeks by Otto Meissner in
Hamburg. The title is: Capital. A Critique of Political Economy___

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< Marx's Confessions K. MARX • Letter to F. Engels >>


 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.a.Letter.to.S.Meyer  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:08:11 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.a.Letter.to.S.Meyer[2012-12-17 23:08:13]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-From.a.Letter.to.S.Meyer

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.a.Letter.to.S.Meyer[2012-12-17 23:08:13]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-Letter.to.F.Engels

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> K. MARX 26


<•> Letter to F. Engels
 

TOC August 16, 1867 p


Card
Dear Fred, p

Text
Have just finished correcting the last sheet (49th) of the book. The appendix-form p
HTML
of value-takes up iy 4 sheets in small print.
PS
PDF
Preface ditto sent back yesterday corrected. So this volume is finished. It was thanks p
T* to y o u alone that this became possible. Without your self-sacrifice for me I could 27
19* never possibly have done the enormous work for the three volumes. I embrace you,
full of thanks!
###
Enclosed two sheets of corrected proofs. p

The £ 15 received with best thanks. p

Greetings, my dear, beloved friend! p

Yours, p
  K. Marx

I shall not want the corrected proofs back until the whole book has appeared.

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< K. MARX • From a Letter to S. K. MARX • From a Letter to Engels >>


Meyer
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-Letter.to.F.Engels  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:08:16 252 e-books currently online
 

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-Letter.to.F.Engels[2012-12-17 23:08:18]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-Letter.to.F.Engels

@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-Letter.to.F.Engels[2012-12-17 23:08:18]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-From.a.Letter.to.Engels

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> K. MARX 27


<•> From a Letter to Engels
 

TOC March 25, 1868 p


Card
.. . My state of health is such that I really ought to quit working and thinking
temporarily. But that would be hard on me, even it I had the means for loafing—–
Text
HTML
***
PS
 
PDF
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes
T*
19*
< >
###  

<< K. MARX • Letter to F. Engels F. ENGELS • From a Letter to E. >>


Blank
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.a.Letter.to.Engels  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:08:21 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.a.Letter.to.Engels[2012-12-17 23:08:23]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-From.a.Letter.to.Engels

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.a.Letter.to.Engels[2012-12-17 23:08:23]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.a.Letter.to.E.Blank

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> F. ENGELS 27


<•> From a Letter to E. Blank
 

TOC February 4, 1869 p


Card
Dear Emil, p

Text
I have just received from Mama the sad news that our dear Marie Bartels died of p
HTML
scarlet-fever on Monday evening. The news shook me to the depths of my being.. ..
PS
PDF
... I am writing not to comfort you but simply because I know the beneficial effect p 28
on a person of an expression of sympathy on the part of people from whom he has
T*
the right to expect it. Believe me that this sympathy comes from the heart.
19*

### Give my cordial greetings to Marie, poor Robert and all your children. p

Cordially yours,
  Frederick

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< K. MARX • From a Letter to K. MARX • From "The Civil War in >>
Engels France"
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.a.Letter.to.E.Blank  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:08:25 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.a.Letter.to.E.Blank[2012-12-17 23:08:27]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.a.Letter.to.E.Blank

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.a.Letter.to.E.Blank[2012-12-17 23:08:27]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-From.The.Civil.War.in.France

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> K. MARX 28


<•> From
"The Civil War in France"
TOC  

Card ... The English working class stretch the hand of fellowship to the French and p
German working people. They feel deeply convinced that whatever turn the
Text impending horrid war may take, the alliance of the working classes of all countries
HTML will ultimately kill war. The very fact that while official France and Germany are
PS rushing into a fratricidal feud, the workmen of France and Germany send each other
PDF messages of peace and goodwill; this great fact, unparalleled in the history of the
past, opens the vista of a brighter future. It proves that in contrast to old society,
T* with its economical miseries and its political delirium, a new society is springing up,
19* whose international rule will be Peace, because its national ruler will be everywhere
the same-Labour \
###
... Wonderful, indeed, was the change the Commune had wrought in Paris! No
longer any trace of the meretricious Paris of the Second Empire. No longer was Paris
the rendezvous of British landlords, Irish absentees, American ex-slaveholders and 29
shoddy men, Russian exserfowners, and Wallachian boyards. No more corpses at the
morgue, no nocturnal burglaries, scarcely any robberies; in fact, for the first time
since the days of February 1848, the streets of Paris were safe, and that without any
police of any kind. "We," said a member of the Commune, "hear no longer of
assassination, theft and personal assault; it seems indeed as if the police had dragged
along with it to Versailles all its Conservative friends." The cocottes had refound the
scent of their protectors-the absconding men of family, religion, and, above all, of
property. In their stead, the real women of Paris showed again at the surface-heroic,
noble, and devoted, like the women of antiquity. Working, thinking, fighting’;
bleeding Paris-almost forgetful, in its incubation of a new society, of the cannibals at
its gates-radiant in the enthusiasm of its historic initiative!

***
 
normal
TEXT SIZE
Notes

< >
 

<< F. ENGELS • From a Letter to E. K. MARX • From a Letter to W. >>


Blank Bios
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.The.Civil.War.in.France[2012-12-17 23:08:30]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-From.The.Civil.War.in.France

http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.The.Civil.War.in.France  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:08:28 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.The.Civil.War.in.France[2012-12-17 23:08:30]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-From.a.Letter.to.W.Bios

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> K. MARX 29


<•> From a Letter to W. Bios
 

TOC November 10, 1877 p


Card
... Because I am opposed to every kind of personality cult, during the existence of
the International I have never allowed to be made public the numerous messages,
Text
expressing recognition of my services, with which I was pestered from various
HTML
PS
countries. I never even replied to them, except that I sometimes gave a piece of my
PDF mind to the authors. Engels and I joined our first secret society of Communists on
condition that everything that might foster superstitious worshipping of authority be
T* deleted from the rules. . . .
19*
***
###  
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< K. MARX • From "The Civil War F. ENGELS • From Anti-D\:uhring >>
in France"
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.a.Letter.to.W.Bios  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:08:32 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.a.Letter.to.W.Bios[2012-12-17 23:08:34]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Marx-From.a.Letter.to.W.Bios

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Marx-From.a.Letter.to.W.Bios[2012-12-17 23:08:34]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.Anti-Duhring

MAP

<<< COMMUNIST MORalITY @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> F. ENGELS 30


<•> From
Anti-D\:uhring
TOC  

Card ... The conceptions of good and evil have varied so much from nation to nation and p
from age to age that they have often been in direct contradiction to each other.
Text
HTML But all the same, someone may object, good is not evil and evil is not good; if p
PS good is confused with evil there is an end to all morality, and everyone can do as he
PDF pleases. This is also, stripped of all oracular phrases, Herr Diihring’s opinion. But the
matter cannot be so simply disposed of. If it were such an easy business there would
T* certainly be no dispute at all over good and evil; everyone would know what was
19* good and what was bad. But how do things stand today? What morality is preached
to us today? There is first Christian-feudal morality, inherited from earlier religious
### times; and this is divided, essentially, into a Catholic and a Protestant morality, each
of which has no lack of subdivisions, from the Jesuit-Catholic and
OrthodoxProtestant to loose “enlightened” moralities. Alongside these we find the
modern-bourgeois morality and beside it also the proletarian morality of the future,
so that in the most advanced European countries alone the past, present and future
provide three great groups of moral theories which are in force simultaneously and
alongside each other. Which, then, is the true one? Not one of them, in the sense of
absolute finality; but certainly that morality contains the maximum elements
promising permanence which, in the present, represents the overthrow of the present,
represents the future, and that is proletarian morality.

But when we see that the three classes of modern society, the feudal aristocracy, the p 31
bourgeoisie and the proletariat, each have a morality of their own, we can only draw
the one conclusion: that men, consciously or unconsciously, derive their ethical ideas
in the last resort from the practical relations on which their class position is based-
from the economic relations in which they carry on production and exchange.

But nevertheless there is quite a lot which the three moral theories mentioned above p
have in common-is this not at least a portion of a morality which is fixed once and
for all? These moral theories represent three different stages of the same historical
development, have therefore a common historical background, and for that reason
alone they necessarily have much in common. Even more. At similar or
approximately similar stages of economic development moral theories must of
necessity be more or less in agreement. From the moment when private ownership of
movable property developed, all societies in which this private ownership existed had
to have this moral injunction in common: Thou shalt not steal. Does this injunction
thereby become an eternal moral injunction? By no means. In a society in which all
motives for stealing have been done away with, in which therefore at the very most
only lunatics would ever steal, how the preacher of morals would be laughed at who
tried solemnly to proclaim the eternal truth : Thou shalt not steal!

We therefore reject every attempt to impose on us any moral dogma whatsoever as p


an eternal, ultimate and for ever immutable ethical law on the pretext that the moral

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.Anti-Duhring[2012-12-17 23:08:39]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.Anti-Duhring

world, too, has its permanent principles which stand above history and the
differences between nations. We maintain on the contrary that all moral theories have
been hitherto the product, in the last analysis, of the economic conditions of society 32
obtaining at the time. And as society has hitherto moved in class antagonisms,
morality has always been class morality; it has either justified the domination and
the interests of the ruling class, or, ever since the oppressed class became powerful
enough, it has represented its indignation against this domination and the future
interests of the oppressed. That in this process there has on the whole been progress
in morality, as in all other branches of human knowledge, no one will doubt. But we
have not yet passed beyond class morality. A really human morality which stands
above class antagonisms and above any recollection of them becomes possible only
at a stage of society which has not only overcome class antagonisms but has even
forgotten them in practical life....

... In making itself the master of all the means of production to use them in p
accordance with a social plan, society puts an end to the former subjection of men
to their own means of production. It goes without saying that society cannot free
itself unless every individual is freed. The old mode of production must therefore be
revolutionised from top to bottom, and in particular the former division of labour
must disappear. Its place must be taken by an organisation of production in which,
on the one hand, no individual can throw on the shoulders of others his share in
productive labour, this natural condition of human existence; and in which, on the
other hand, productive labour, instead of being a means of subjugating men, will
become a means of their emancipation, by offering each individual the opportunity to
develop all his faculties, physical and mental, in all directions and exercise them to
the full-in which, therefore, productive labour will become a pleasure instead of
being a burden. .. .

... All religion, however, is nothing but the fantastic reflection in men’s minds of 33
those external forces which control their daily life, a reflection in which the
terrestrial forces assume the form of supernatural forces. In the beginning of history
it was the forces of nature which were first so reflected, and which in the course of
further evolution underwent the most manifold and varied personifications among the
various peoples. This early process has been traced back by comparative mythology,
at least in the case of the Indo-European peoples, to its origin in the Indian Vedas,
and in its further evolution it has been demonstrated in detail among the Indians,
Persians, Greeks, Romans, Germans and, so far as material is available, also among
the Celts, Lithuanians and Slavs. But it is not long before, side by side with the
forces of nature, social forces begin to be active-forces which confront man as
equally alien and at first equally inexplicable, dominating him with the same
apparent natural necessity as the forces of nature themselves. The fantastic figures,
which at first only reflected the mysterious forces of nature, at this point acquire
social attributes, become representatives of the forces of history. At a still further
stage of evolution, all the natural and social attributes of the numerous gods are
transferred to one almighty god, who is but a reflection of the abstract man. Such
was the origin of monotheism, which was historically the last product of the
vulgarised philosophy of the later Greeks and found its incarnation in the exclusively
national god of the Jews, Jehovah. In this convenient, handy and universally
adaptable form, religion can continue to exist as the immediate, that is, the
sentimental form of men’s relation to the alien, natural and social forces which
dominate them, so long as men remain under the control of these forces. However,
we have seen repeatedly that in existing bourgeois society men are dominated by the 34
economic conditions created by themselves, by the means of production which they
themselves have produced, as if by an alien force. The actual basis of the reflective

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.Anti-Duhring[2012-12-17 23:08:39]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.Anti-Duhring

activity that gives rise to religion therefore continues to exist, and with it the
religious reflection itself. And although bourgeois political economy has given a
certain insight into the causal connection of this alien domination, this makes no
essential difference. Bourgeois economics can neither prevent crises in general, nor
protect the individual capitalists from losses, bad debts and bankruptcy, nor secure
the individual workers against unemployment and destitution. It is still true that man
proposes and God (that is, the alien domination of the capitalist mode of production)
disposes. Mere knowledge, even if it went much further and deeper than that of
bourgeois economic science, is not enough to bring social forces under the
domination of society. What is above all necessary for this, is a social act. And
when this act has been accomplished, when society, by taking possession of all
means of production and using them on a planned basis, has freed itself and all its
members from the bondage in which they are now held by these means of
production which they themselves have produced but which confront them as an
irresistible alien force; when therefore man no longer merely proposes, but also
disposes-only then will the last alien force which is still reflected in religion vanish;
and with it will also vanish the religious reflection itself, for the simple reason that
then there will be nothing left to reflect. ...

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< K. MARX • From a Letter to W. F. ENGELS • From the Speech at >>


Bios the Graveside of Karl Marx
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.Anti-Duhring  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:08:37 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.Anti-Duhring[2012-12-17 23:08:39]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.Anti-Duhring

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.Anti-Duhring[2012-12-17 23:08:39]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.the.Speech.at.the.Graveside.of.Karl.Marx

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> F. ENGELS 35


<•> From the Speech
at the Graveside of Karl Marx
TOC  

Card March 11, 1883 p

Text ... Marx was before all else a revolutionist. His real mission in life was to p
HTML contribute, in one way or another, to the overthrow of capitalist society and of the
PS state institutions which it had brought into being, to contribute to the liberation of
PDF the modern proletariat, which he was the first to make conscious of its own position
and its needs, conscious of the conditions of its emancipation. Fighting was his
T* element. And he fought with a passion, a tenacity and a success such as few could
19* rival... .
### And, consequently, Marx was the best hated and most calumniated man of his time. p
Governments, both absolutist and republican, deported him from their territories.
Bourgeois, whether conservative or ultra-democratic, vied with one another in
heaping slanders upon him. All this he brushed aside as though it were cobweb,
ignoring it, answering only when extreme necessity compelled him. And he died
beloved, revered and mourned by millions of revolutionary fellow-workers-from the
mines of Siberia to California, in all parts of Europe and America-and I make bold
to say that though he may have had many opponents he had hardly one personal
enemy.

His name will endure through the ages, and so also will his work!

***
 
normal
TEXT SIZE
Notes

< >
 

<< F. ENGELS • From Anti-D\:uhring F. ENGELS • From The Origin of >>


the Family, Private Property and the
State
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-
From.the.Speech.at.the.Graveside.of.Karl.Marx
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.the.Speech.at.the.Graveside.of.Karl.Marx[2012-12-17 23:09:27]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.the.Speech.at.the.Graveside.of.Karl.Marx

leninistbiz ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:08:41 252 e-books currently
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.the.Speech.at.the.Graveside.of.Karl.Marx[2012-12-17 23:09:27]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.The.Origin.of.the.Family

MAP

<<< COMMUNIST MORalITY @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> F. ENGELS 36


<•> From
The Origin of the Family,
TOC
Private Property and the State
Card  

. . . Thus full freedom in marriage can become generally operative only when the p
Text abolition of capitalist production, and of the property relations created by it, has
HTML removed all those secondary economic considerations which still exert so powerful an
PS influence on the choice of a partner. Then, no other motive remains than mutual
PDF affection....
T* ... With the disappearance of the economic considerations which compelled women p
19* to tolerate the customary infidelity of the men-the anxiety about their own livelihood
and even more about the future of their children-the equality of woman thus
###
achieved will, judging from all previous experience, result far more effectively in the
men becoming really monogamous than in the women becoming polyandrous.

What will most definitely disappear from monogamy, however, is all the p
characteristics stamped on it in consequence of its having arisen out of property
relationships. These are, first, the dominance of the man, and secondly, the
indissolubility of marriage. The predominance of the man in marriage is simply a
consequence of his economic predominance and will vanish with it automatically.
The indissolubility of marriage is partly the result of the economic conditions under
which monogamy arose, and partly a tradition from the time when the connection
between these economic conditions and monogamy was not yet correctly understood
and was exaggerated by religion. Today it has been breached a thousandfold. If only
marriages that are based on love are moral, then, also, only those are moral in which 37
love continues. The duration of the urge of individual sex love differs very much
according to the individual, particularly among men; and a definite cessation of
affection, or its displacement by a new passionate love, makes separation a blessing
for both parties as well as for society. People will only be spared the experience of
wading through the useless mire of divorce proceedings.

But what will be added? That will be settled after a new generation has grown up:
a generation of men who never in all their lives have had occasion to purchase a
woman’s surrender either with money or with any other means of social power, and
of women who have never been obliged to surrender to any man out of any
consideration other than that of real love, or to refrain from giving themselves to
their beloved for fear of the economic consequences. Once such people appear, they
will not care a rap about what we today think they should do. They will establish
their own practice and their own public opinion, conformable therewith, on the
practice of each individual —and that’s the end of it. ...

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.The.Origin.of.the.Family[2012-12-17 23:09:34]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.The.Origin.of.the.Family

< >
 

<< F. ENGELS • From the Speech at F. ENGELS • From a Letter to >>


the Graveside of Karl Marx Gertrude Guillaume-Schak
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-
From.The.Origin.of.the.Family
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
leninistbiz
252 e-books currently
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:09:31
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.The.Origin.of.the.Family[2012-12-17 23:09:34]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.a.Letter.to.Gertrude.Guillaume-Schak

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> F. ENGELS 37


<•> From a Letter to Gertrude Guillaume-Schak
 

p
TOC (About July 5, 1885)
Card
... That the working woman needs special protection against capitalist exploitation
because of her special physiological functions seems obvious to me. The English
Text
women who championed the formal right of members of their sex to permit
HTML
PS
themselves to be as thoroughly exploited by the capitalists as the men are mostly, 38

PDF directly or indirectly, interested in the capitalist exploitation of both sexes. I admit I
am more interested in the health of the future generations than in the absolute formal
T* equality of the sexes during the last years of the capitalist mode of production. It is
19* my conviction that real equality of women and men can come true only when the
exploitation of either by capital has been abolished and private housework has been
### transformed into a public industry. ...

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< F. ENGELS • From The Origin of F. ENGELS • From the Introduction >>
the Family, Private Property and the to Marx's Wage Labour and Capital
State
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-
From.a.Letter.to.Gertrude.Guillaume-Schak
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ
leninistbiz ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:09:43 252 e-books currently
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.a.Letter.to.Gertrude.Guillaume-Schak[2012-12-17 23:09:45]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.a.Letter.to.Gertrude.Guillaume-Schak

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.a.Letter.to.Gertrude.Guillaume-Schak[2012-12-17 23:09:45]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.the.Introduction.to.Marxs.Wage.Labour

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> F. ENGELS 38


<•> From the Introduction to Marx’s
Wage Labour and Capital
TOC  

Card ... A new social order is possible in which the present class differences will have
disappeared and in whichperhaps after a short transitional period involving some
Text privation, but at any rate of great value morally-through the planned utilisation and
HTML extension of the already existing enormous productive forces of all members of
PS society, and with uniform obligation to work, the means for existence, for enjoying
PDF life, for the development and employment of all bodily and mental faculties will be
available in an equal measure and in ever-increasing fulness. And that the workers
T* are becoming more and more determined to win this new social order will be
19* demonstrated on both sides of the ocean by May the First, tomorrow, and by
Sunday, May3,
###
***
 
normal
TEXT SIZE
Notes

< >
 

<< F. ENGELS • From a Letter to >>


Gertrude Guillaume-Schak
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-
From.the.Introduction.to.Marxs.Wage.Labour
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ
leninistbiz ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:09:49 252 e-books currently
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.the.Introduction.to.Marxs.Wage.Labour[2012-12-17 23:09:51]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Engels-From.the.Introduction.to.Marxs.Wage.Labour

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Engels-From.the.Introduction.to.Marxs.Wage.Labour[2012-12-17 23:09:51]
@LBiz: en/sitemap

More
Pages:
  Sitemap @AT LENINIST
Distributing free   eBooks   about:   Workers of All Countries, (DOT) BIZ
<<<
• Unite!
>>>               from books printed during the 20th Century.

<< • >>
<•> Titles (TAZ) The short version: practical.
FAQ
1,700+ The long version.
Why?
  By Title: T*
Contents We exchange hyperlinks.
Links
A BCD EFG
  H I J K LM N To:   webmaster @...
Email
Index O PQ RSTU
Card Donations
V W X Y Z
• Send us an
Formats: By Author: A* email. We
Text A BCD EFG correspond with
PS H I J K LM N each donor
PDF O PQ RSTU individually due
V W X Y Z to low donation
  levels.
Other Text index.txt is a model of
Each
Titles: the original book using ASCII X
News
T* plain text. Content-Management System (CMS)
 
Years: HTML
Webpages are chunked from This website is
19* ASCII text models (see auto-generated
  CMS→). from Emacs Lisp
scripts.
### PostScript
Portable Document Format “Your website is a mess!”
MAP Please click & Are you using a
read.... any ideas recent browser
on how to do it? that supports
CSS2?

More...

Project Gutenburg
xyz
Google Books
xyz

   
http://leninist.biz/en/sitemap  
leninistbiz 1,800  •  titles in [ en/TAZ ]
 Created : 2011 August 06    •   Refreshed : 23:09:52 288  •  eBooks currently online
 
leninistbiz FREE electronic books ... @Leninist(dot)Biz leninistbiz

http://www.leninist.biz/en/sitemap[2012-12-17 23:09:55]
@LBiz: en/sitemap

http://www.leninist.biz/en/sitemap[2012-12-17 23:09:55]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Card

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> TITLE: Communist Morality


<•> K. Marx, F. Engels, V. Lenin, F. Dzerzhinsky, M. Kalinin, S.
AUTHORS:
Kirov, N. Krupskaya, N. Khrushchov.
TOC TRANSLATOR(S): ?
Card UNCLASSIFIED: ?
PUBLISHER: Progress Publishers
Text BINDING TYPE: book
HTML
PS ALL: > CLICK HERE <
PDF
***
T*
19*    
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.card  
### leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:09:57 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.card[2012-12-17 23:09:58]
Emacs-File-stamp: "/home/ysverdlov/leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/20091006/099.tx"

Emacs-Time-stamp: "2010-01-22 17:45:21"

__EMAIL__ webmaster@leninist.biz

__OCR__ ABBYY 6 Professional (2009.10.06)

__WHERE_PAGE_NUMBERS__ bottom

__FOOTNOTE_MARKER_STYLE__ [*]+

__ENDNOTE_MARKER_STYLE__ [0-9]+

[BEGIN]

<IMG src="099-1.jpg" alt="099-1.jpg" style=" width:34.1pt; height:30.7pt;">

__TITLE__
COMMUNIST
<br /> MORALITY

__TEXTFILE_BORN__ 2009-10-06T15:26:35-0700

__TRANSMARKUP__ "Y. Sverdlov"

<p> <b>PROGRESS PUBLISHERS &#8226; MOSCOW</b></p>

[1]

<p> <b>MOPAflb,
KAK EE nOHMMAtOT KOMMYHHCTbl</b></p>

<p> <em>Ha</em></p>

<p> This book contains extensive material-in the form


of articles, notes, letters and diaries---on the ideals of
communist morality.</p>

<p> The reader will find in it the more important


statements on problems of communist morality by Marx,
Engels, Lenin and prominent Soviet statesmen,
including N. S. Khrushchov, M. I. Kalinin, S. M. Kirov and
others.</p>

<p> A special section gives extracts from the new


Programme of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
on questions of morality and education. The twelve
principles of the moral code of the builder of
communism, which briefly outline the main characteristics
of the man of communist society, are also to be found
here.</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> The book is illustrated, and is intended for the
general reader.</p>

__COMPILERS__
Compiled by N. B y c h k o v a,
<br /> R. L a v r o v and V. Lubisheva

[2]

<p> <em>CONTENTS</em></p>

<p> K. MARX, F. ENGELS</p>

<p> <em>K. Marx and F. Engels</em>. From the Manifesto of the Communist
<br /> Party...................</p><p>
9</p>

<p> <em>K. Marx</em>. From the Article &quot;Thoughts of a Young Man on


Choosing a Profession&quot;...............</p><p>
17</p>

<p> From the Poems of the Young Marx ..........</p><p>


19</p>

<p> <em>K. Marx</em>. From the Introduction to &quot;On the Criticism of the
<br /> Hegelian Philosophy of Right&quot;...........</p><p>
19</p>

<p> <em>K. Marx and F. Engels</em>. From The Holy Family or Critique of
<br /> Critical Critique.................</p><p>
20</p>

<p> <em>F. Engels</em>. From the Elberfeld Speeches..........</p><p>


21</p>

<p> <em>F. Engels</em>. From Principles of Communism.........</p><p>


23</p>

<p> Marx's Confessions . ..............</p><p>


24</p>

<p> <em>K. Marx</em>. From a Letter to S. Meyer..........</p><p>


26</p>

<p> <em>K. Marx</em>. Letter to F. Engels............</p><p>


26</p>

<p> <em>K. Marx</em>. From a Letter to Engels...........</p><p>


27</p>

<p> <em>F. Engels</em>. From a Letter to E. Blank..........</p><p>


27</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> <em>K. Marx</em>. From The Civil War in France.........</p><p>
28</p>

<p> K. <em>Marx</em>. From a Letter to W. Bios..........</p><p>


29</p>

<p> <em>F. Engels</em>. From Anti-Diihring.............</p><p>


30</p>

<p> <em>F. Engels</em>. From the Speech at the Graveside of Karl Marx . .</p><p>
35</p>

<p> <em>F. Engels</em>. From The Origin of the Family, Private Property
<br /> and the State.................</p><p>
36</p>

<p> F. <em>Engels</em>. From a Letter to Gertrude Guillaume-Schak</p>


37

<p> <em>F. Engels</em>. From the Introduction to Marx's Wage Labour and
<br /> Capital ...................38</p>

__PRINTERS_P_3_COMMENT__
1*

<p> From the Article &quot;Frederick Engels&quot;.........</p><p>


39</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;A Retrograde Trend in Russian Social-Democracy&quot;</p><p>


40</p>

<p> From a Letter to P. N. Lepeshinsky...........</p><p>


40</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;Party Organisation and Party Literature&quot; ...</p><p>
41</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;The Attitude of the Workers' Party to


<br /> Religion&quot;..................</p><p>
41</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;Once More on Partyism and Non-Partyism&quot;</p><p>


43</p>

<p> From an Obituary &quot;Ivan Vasilyevich Babushkin&quot;......</p><p>


43</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;The Working Class and Neomalthusianism&quot;</p><p>


44</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;Corrupting the Workers with Refined


Nationalism&quot;....................</p><p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
45</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;The Right of Nations to Self-Determination&quot;</p><p>


45</p>

<p> Letter to Inessa Armand..............</p><p>


45</p>

<p> From a Letter to Inessa Armand...........</p><p>


47</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;Who Are You Laughing at? Laughing at
Yourselves!&quot; ..................</p><p>
53</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;Political Blackmail&quot;.........</p><p>


53</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;On Compromises&quot;..........</p><p>


53</p>

<p> From the Concluding Speech at the Meeting of the All-Russian


<br /> Central Executive Committee...........</p><p>
54</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;How to Organise Competition&quot;.....</p><p>


54</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;The Immediate Tasks of the Soviet Government&quot;</p><p>
57</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;A Little Picture to Explain Big Questions&quot; .</p><p>
58</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;Reply to an Enquiry from a Peasant&quot; ...</p><p>


59</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;A Great Beginning&quot;. Heroism of the Workers in
<br /> the Rear. &quot;Communist Subbotniks&quot;.........</p><p>
60</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;The Workers' State and Party Week&quot;</p>
65

<p> From the Article &quot;Results of the Party Week in Moscow, and
<br /> Our Tasks&quot;.................66</p>

<p> From the Speech at the First All-Russian Inaugural Congress of


<br /> Mineworkers......., ,........66</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;From the Destruction of the Age-Old Order to
<br /> the Creation of the New&quot;............68</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;From the First Subbotnik on the Moscow-Kazan

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
' Railway to the All-Russian May-Day Subbotnik&quot; .... 68</p>

<p> V. I. Lenin on Communist Morality (From Clara Zetkin's


Reminiscences) ..................69</p>

<p> The Tasks of the Youth Leagues (From the Speech Delivered at
the Third Ail-Russian Congress of the Russian Young
Communist League), October 2, 1920.........74</p>

<p> From the Report &quot;The New Economic Policy and the Tasks of
Political Education&quot; Delivered at the Second Ail-Russian
Congress of Political Education Workers........78</p>

<p> PROBLEMS OF MORALITY AND EDUCATION


IN THE PROGRAMME OF THE C.P.S.U.</p>

<p> V. The Tasks of the Party in the Spheres of Ideology, Education,</p>

<p> Instruction, Science, and Culture..........79</p>

<p> 1. In the Field of Development of Communist Consciousness 81</p>

<p> 2. In the Field of Public Education.........86</p>

<p> .. .4. In the Field of Cultural Development, Literature and Art 89</p>

<p> ...VII. The Party in the Period of Full-Scale Communist


<br /> Construction.................92</p>

<p> F. DZERZHINSKY</p>

<p> From a Prison Diary................</p><p>


97</p>

<p> From Letters to Relatives..............</p><p>


101</p>

<p> To A. E. Bulhak................</p><p>
101</p>

<p> To A. E. and G. A. Bulhak............</p><p>


103</p>

<p> To A. E. Bulhak................</p><p>
104</p>

<p> To S. S. Dzerzhinskaya..............</p><p>
106</p>

<p> To A. E. Bulhak................</p><p>
10?</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> To <em>S. S</em>. Dzerzhinskaya..............</p><p>
108</p>

<p> To V. E. Dzerzhinsky..............</p><p>
00no ~</p>

<p> To S. S. Dzerzhinskaya..............</p><p>
00no ~</p>

<p> To A. E. Bulhak................</p><p>
00m ~</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;Citizens! Railwaymen!&quot;........</p><p>


112</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;Waifs and the <em>Vecheka&quot;</em>........</p><p>


113</p>

<p> From a Circular Letter to the Managements of Syndicates and


<br /> Trusts and to Red Directors............</p><p>
114</p>

<p> M. KALININ</p>

<p> From the Speech at the Fifth All-Russian Congress of the


<br /> Russian Young Communist League..........117</p>

<p> From the Greetings to the First Ail-Union Congress of Teachers 118</p>

<p> From the Pamphlet On the Road to Socialism. On the Results


of the Fourteenth Ail-Union Congress of the C.P.S.U.
(Bolsheviks)..................H9</p>

<p> The Struggle for the New Man. From the Speech at the
Celebration Meeting on the Tenth Anniversary of the Komsomol . 121</p>

<p> Develop Yourselves in Every Way. From the Speech at a


Conference of Leading Members of the Young Communist
League Organisation in Dnepropetrovsk.........126</p>

<p> From the Speech at a Conference of Best Urban and Rural School
Teachers Convened by the Editorial Board of <em>Uchitelskaya
Cazeta</em>...................^^128^^</p>

<p> From the Speech at a Celebration Meeting in Honour of Decorated


<br /> Rural School Teachers..............^^129^^</p>

<p> On Communist Education. From the Speech at a Meeting of Leading


<br /> Party Workers of the City of Moscow ........ 130</p>

<p> From the Speech at a Meeting of Pupils of Eighth, Ninth and


<br /> Tenth Grades of Secondary Schools of Lenin District, Moscow 132</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> Some Problems of Party Mass Work. From the Speech at a
<br /> Conference of Party Workers of Moscow Plants .... 133</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;Militant Aide of the Bolshevik Party&quot;. On the
<br /> Occasion of the Twenty-Fifth Anniversary of the Komsomol 134</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;The Moral Make-up of Our People&quot; .... 135</p>

<p> S. KIROV</p>

<p> From Letters to M. L. Markus............139</p>

<p> From the Speech at a Meeting in the Public Gardens, Astrakhan 140</p>

<p> From the Report at the Fourth Astrakhan Gubernia Congress of


<br /> Soviets................... 141</p>

<p> From the Report at the First City Delegate Meeting of Astrakhan
<br /> Women Workers................^^141^^</p>

<p> From the Report at a Meeting of Tiflis Party Workers and Trade
<br /> Unionists..................I^^42^^</p>

<p> From the Speech at the Opening Session of the First Conference
<br /> of Georgian Trade Unions............I^^43^^</p>

<p> From the Report at a Meeting of the Communist Groups of the


Congress of Chairmen of Uyezd, Volost and City Executive
Committees of Leningrad.............<SUP>i43</SUP></p>

<p> From the Speech at the Celebration Meeting of the Seventh


Leningrad Gubernia Congress .of Trade Unions.......145</p>

<p> From the Report at a City Meeting of Leningrad Propagandists 145</p>

<p> From the Speech at the Celebration Meeting of the Leningrad


Soviet on the Tenth Anniversary of the October Socialist
Revolution..................146</p>

<p> Revolutionary, Devoted Work Is What Is (Required from Every


<br /> Bolshevik...................147</p>

<p> N. KRUPSKAYA</p>

<p> From the Speech at the Sixth Congress of the Russian Leninist
<br /> Young Communist League ............149</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;Lenin as a Man&quot;...........150</p>

<p> From the Article &quot;Lenin on Communist Morality&quot;......153</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> From a Letter to A. M. Gorky............155</p>

<p> Letter to Working Men and Women at the Trekhgornaya


<br /> Manufaktura Mills.................156</p>

<p> From a Letter to the IParty and Komsomol Members, the Factory
Committee, the Management and the Entire Collective of the
Clara Zetkin Factory..............157</p>

<p> Letter to a Budding Writer.............158</p>

<p> N. KHRUSHCHOV</p>

<p> From the Report of the Central Committee of the Communist Party
<br /> of the Soviet Union to the 20th Party Congress .... 161</p>

<p> From the Speech at the Meeting of Komsomol Members and the
Youth of Moscow on the Occasion of the Departure of the
First Group of Volunteers for Construction Sites in the East
of the U.S.S.R.................165</p>

<p> From the Answers to Questions Put by the Editors of <em>Rude Ptavo</em> 166</p>

<p> From the Speech at a Reception at the Embassy of the People's


<br /> Republic of Bulgaria...............166</p>

<p> From the Spjeech &quot;For a Closer Bond Between Literature and Art
<br /> and the Life of the People&quot;........... 168</p>

<p> From the Speech at a Soviet-Czechoslovak Friendship Meeting in


Ostrava During the Visit of Soviet Party and Government
Delegation to Czechoslovakia...........170</p>

<p> From the Answers to Questions Put by J. Reston, <em>New York</em>


<br /> <em>Times</em> Chief Diplomatic Correspondent........171</p>

<p> From the Interview Given to Henry Shapiro, Correspondent of


<br /> United Press Agency............, . 173</p>

<p> From the Answers to Questions Put by Brazilian Journalists


<br /> Victorio Martorelli and Tito Fleury.........174</p>

<p> From the Interview Given to W. R. Hearst, U.S. Newspaper


<br /> Magnate.................. 175</p>

<p> From the Speech at the Ninth Session of the U.S.S.R. Supreme
<br /> Soviet (Fourth Convocation)............175</p>

<p> From the Speech at the Thirteenth Congress of the Komsomol . 176</p>

<p> From the Report on the Control Figures for the (Economic
Development of the U.S.S.R. for 1959-1965 at the 21st Extraordinary

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
Congress of the C.P.S.U.............178</p>

<p> From the Speech at the Plenary Meeting of the Central


Committee of the C.P.S.U; &quot;For a Further Rise in the Country's
Productive Forces, for Technical Progress in All Branches
of the (National Economy&quot;............181</p>

<p> From the Speech at the All-Russian Congress of Teachers</p>


182

<p> From the Report &quot;For New Victories of the World Communist
<br /> Movement&quot;.................184</p>

<p> From the Speech at the Plenary Meeting of the Central


Committee of the C.P.S.U. &quot;Improvement in the Well-Being of the
People ,and the Tasks for Further Increasing the Output of
Agricultural Products&quot;..............186</p>

<p> From the Report of the Central Committee of the C.P.S.U. to


<br /> the 22nd Congress of the Party..........187</p>

<p> On the Programme of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union 192
From the-Concluding Speech at the 22nd Congress of the C.P.S.U. 194</p>

<p> From the Speech &quot;All Forces for the Successful Implementation of
<br /> the Historic Derisions of the 22nd Congress of the C.P.S.U.&quot; 194</p>

<p> From the Speech at the Moscow Conference of Workers in


Agriculture from the Regions and Autonomous Republics of the
Non-Chernozem Zones of the R.S.F.S.R.........195</p>

<p> From the Speech at the. Fourteenth. Congress of the Komsomol . 196
<em>Subject Index</em>..................203</p>

__ERROR__ Multiple page 9's. Next page is 9, because


after this page 8, and it has just the BIG alpha level 1
header, but then there's another page numbered "9".

[8]

__ALPHA_LVL1__
<b>KARL MARX
<br /> <em>(1818-1883)</em>
<br /> and
<br /> FREDERICK ENGELS
<br /> <em>(1820-1895)</em>
<br /> ---<em>founders of scientific
<br /> communism, leaders of the international
<br /> proletariat</em>.</b>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>K. MARX and F. ENGELS
<br class="bullet" /> From the
<br /> Manifesto of the Communist Party</b>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
__NOTE__ LVL2 from following page.

__NOTE__ This is where [9] should go.

<IMG src="099-3.jpg" alt="099-3.jpg" style=" width:354.7pt; height:251.0pt;">

<IMG src="099-4.jpg" alt="099-4.jpg" style=" width:369.1pt; height:255.8pt;">

<p> <b>K-MARX.F-ENGELS</b></p>

__NOTE__ LVL2 was here, moved back under LVL1.

<p> .. .The proletarian is without property; his relation to


his wife and children has no longer anything in common
with the bourgeois family relations; modern industrial
labour, modern subjection to capital, the same in England
as in France, in America as in Germany, has stripped him
of every trace of national character. Law, morality, religion,
are to him so many bourgeois prejudices, behind which
lurk in ambush just as many bourgeois interests.</p>

<p> All the preceding classes that got the upper hand, sought
to fortify their already acquired status by subjecting
society at large to their conditions of appropriation. The

proletarians cannot become masters of the productive


forces of society, except by abolishing their own previous
mode of appropriation, and thereby also every other
previous mode of appropriation. They have nothing of their
own to secure and to fortify; their mission is to destroy
all .previous securities for, and insurances of, individual
property-----</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> ... In bourgeois society capital is independent and has


individuality, while the living person is dependent and
has no individuality.</p>

<p> And the abolition of this state of things is called by the


bourgeois, abolition of individuality and freedom! And
rightly so. The abolition of bourgeois individuality,
bourgeois independence, and bourgeois freedom is undoubtedly
aimed at.</p>

<p> By freedom is meant, under the present bourgeois


conditions of production, free trade, free selling and
buying.</p>

<p> But if selling and buying disappears, free selling and


buying disappears also. This talk about free selling and

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
buying and all the other &quot;brave words&quot; of our
bourgeoisie about freedom in general, have a meaning, if any, only
in contrast with restricted selling and buying, with the
fettered traders of the Middle Ages, but have no meaning
when opposed to the communistic abolition of buying and
selling, of the bourgeois conditions of production, and of
the bourgeoisie itself.</p>

<p> You are horrified at our intending to do away with


private property. But in your existing society, private property
is already done away with for nine-tenths of the population;
its existence for the few is solely due to its non-existence
in the hands of those nine-tenths. You reproach us,
therefore, with intending to do away with a form of property,

__PARAGRAPH_PAUSE__

10

<p> 1848.
<br /> <b>gonton.</b>
<br /> ber Office <em>tu</em> ,,$ilmnj&laquo;-&lt;l&raquo;ifillf&lt;taft fSt
<br /> MSB 3. dcjur^art.
4fi&raquo; LIVERPOOL STREET. BrsuorsaAiu.</p>

__CAPTION__
Title page of the first edition o&pound; the <em>Manifesto ot the
<br /> Communist Party</em>

[11]

__PARAGRAPH_CONT__

the necessary condition for whose existence is the


nonexistence of any property for the immense majority of
society.</p>

<p> In one word, you reproach us with intending to do away


with your property. Precisely so; that is just what we
intend.</p>

<p> From the moment when labour can no longer be


converted into capital, money, or rent, into a social power
capable of being monopolised, <em>i.e.</em>, from the moment when
individual property can no longer be transformed into
bourgeois property, into capital, from that moment, you
say, individuality vanishes.</p>

<p> You must, therefore, confess that by ``individual'' you


mean no other person than the bourgeois, than the
middleclass owner of property. This person must, indeed, be -swept
out of the way, and made impossible.</p>

<p> Communism deprives no man of the power to

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
appropriate the products of society; all that it does is to deprive
him of the power to subjugate the labour of others by
means of such appropriation.</p>

<p> It has been objected that upon the abolition of private


property all work will cease, and universal laziness will
overtake us.</p>

<p> According to this, bourgeois society ought long ago to


have gone to the dogs through sheer idleness; for those
of its members who work, acquire nothing, and those who
acquire anything, do not work. The whole of this.objection
is but another expression of the tautology: that there can
no longer be any wage-labour when there is no longer any
capital.</p>

<p> All objections urged against the communistic mode of


producing and appropriating material products, have, in
the same way, been urged against the communistic modes
of producing and appropriating intellectual products. Just

12

as, to the bourgeois, the disappearance of class property


is the disappearance of production itself, so the
disappearance of class culture is to him identical with the
disappearance of all culture.</p>

<p> That culture, the loss of which he laments, is, for


the enormous majority, a mere training to act as a
machine.</p>

<p> But don't wrangle with us so long as you apply, to our


intended abolition of bourgeois property, the standard of
your bourgeois notions of freedom, culture, law, etc. Your
very ideas are but the outgrowth of the conditions of your
bourgeois production and bourgeois property, just as your
jurisprudence is but the will of your class made into a
law for all, a will, whose essential character and direction
are determined by the economical conditions of existence
of your class.</p>

<p> The selfish misconception that induces you to


transform into eternal laws of nature and of reason, the social
forms springing from your present mode of production and
form of property-historical relations that rise and
disappear in the progress of production-this misconception
you share with every ruling class that has preceded you.
What you see clearly in the case of ancient property, what
you admit in the case of feudal property, you are of course
forbidden to admit in the case of your own bourgeois form
of property.</p>

<p> Abolition of the family! Even the most radical flare up

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
at this infamous proposal of the Communists.</p>

<p> On what foundation is the present family, the bourgeois


family, based? On capital, on private gain. In its
completely developed form this family exists only among the
bourgeoisie. But this state of things finds its complement
in the practical absence of the family among the
proletarians, and in public prostitution.</p>

13

<p> The bourgeois family will vanish as a matter of course


when its complement vanishes, and both will vanish with
the vanishing of capital.</p>

<p> Do you charge us with wanting to stop the exploitation


of children by their parents? To this crime we plead guilty.</p>

<p> But, you will say, we destroy the most hallowed of


relations, when we replace home education by social.</p>

<p> And your education! Is not that also social, and


determined by the social conditions under which you
educate, by the intervention, direct or indirect, of society,
by means of schools, etc.? The Communists have not
invented the intervention of society in education; they
do but seek to alter the character of that intervention,
and to rescue education from the influence of the ruling
class.</p>

<p> The bourgeois clap-trap about the family and education,


about the hallowed co-relation of parent and child, becomes
all the more disgusting, the more, by the action of Modern
Industry, all family ties among the proletarians are torn
asunder, and their children transformed into simple articles
of commerce and instruments of labour.</p>

<p> But you Communists would introduce community of


women, screams the whole bourgeoisie in chorus.</p>

<p> The bourgeois sees in his wife a mere instrument of


production. He hears that the instruments of production
are to be exploited in common, and, naturally, can come to
no other conclusion than that the lot of being common to
all will likewise fall to the women.</p>

<p> He has not even a suspicion that the real point aimed
at is to do away with the status of women as mere
instruments of production.</p>

<p> For the rest, nothing is more ridiculous than the


virtuous indignation of our bourgeois at the community
of women which, they pretend, is to be openly and

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
14

officially established by the Communists. The Communists


have no need to introduce community of women; it has
existed almost from time immemorial.</p>

<p> Our bourgeois, not content with having the wives and
daughters of their proletarians at their disposal, not to
speak of common prostitutes, take the greatest pleasure
in seducing each other's wives.</p>

<p> Bourgeois marriage is in reality a system of wives in


common and thus, at the most, what the Communists might
possibly be reproached with, is that they desire to
introduce, in substitution for a hypocritically concealed,
an openly legalised community of women. For the rest, it
is self-evident that the abolition of the present system of
production must bring with it the abolition of the
community of women springing from that system, <em>i.e.</em>, of
prostitution both public and private....</p>

<p> ... The charges against communism made from a


religious, a philosophical, and, generally, from an
ideological standpoint, are not deserving of serious examination.</p>

<p> Does it require deep intuition to comprehend that man's


ideas, views and conceptions, in one word, man's
consciousness, changes with every change in the conditions
of his material existence, in his social relations and in his
social life?</p>

<p> What else does the history of ideas prove, than that
intellectual production changes its character in proportion
as material production is changed? The ruling ideas of
each age have ever been the ideas of its ruling class.
. When people speak of ideas that revolutionise society,
they do but express the fact, that within the old society,
the elements of a new one have been created, and that the
dissolution of the old ideas keeps even pace with the
dissolution of the old conditions of existence,</p>

15

<p>
When the ancient world was in its last throes, the
ancient religions were overcome by Christianity. When
Christian ideas succumbed in the 18th century to rationalist
ideas, feudal society fought its death battle with the then
revolutionary bourgeoisie. The ideas of religious liberty
and freedom of conscience merely gave expression to the
sway of free competition within the domain of knowledge.</p>

<p> ``Undoubtedly,&quot; it will be said, &quot;religious, moral,


philosophical and juridical ideas have been modified in

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
the course of historical development. But religion, morality,
philosophy, political science, and law, constantly survived
this change.''</p>

<p> ``There are, besides, eternal truths, such as Freedom,


Justice, etc., that are common to all states of society.
But communism abolishes eternal truths, it abolishes all
religion, and all morality, instead of constituting them
on a new basis; it therefore acts in contradiction to all
past historical experience.''</p>

<p> What does this accusation reduce itself to? The history
of all past society has consisted in the development of
class antagonisms, antagonisms that assumed different
forms at different epochs.</p>

<p> But whatever form they may have taken, one fact is
common to all past ages, <em>viz.</em>, the exploitation of one part
of society by the other. No wonder, then, that the social
consciousness of past ages, despite all the multiplicity
and variety it displays, moves within certain common
forms, or general ideas, which cannot completely vanish
except with the total disappearance of class
antagonisms.</p>

<p> The communist revolution is the most radical rupture


with traditional property relations; no wonder that its
development involves the most radical rupture with
traditional ideas....</p>

16

<p> ...The Communists fight for the attainment of the


immediate aims, for the enforcement of the momentary
interests of the working class; but in the movement of
the present, they also represent and take care of the future
of that movement.. . .</p>

<p> ... In short, the Communists everywhere support every


revolutionary movement against the existing social and
political order of things.</p>

<p> In all these movements they bring to the front, as the


leading question in each, the property question, no matter
what its degree of development at the time.</p>

<p> Finally, they labour everywhere for the union and


agreement of the democratic parties of all countries.</p>

<p> The Communists disdain to conceal their views and


aims. They openly declare that their ends can be attained
only by the forcible overthrow of all existing social
conditions. Let the ruling classes tremble at a communistic
revolution. The proletarians have nothing to lose but their

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
chains. They have a world to win.</p>

<p> WORKING MEN OF ALL COUNTRIES, UNITE!</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
K. MARX
<br class="bullet" /> From the Article
<br /> &quot;Thoughts of a Young Man
<br /> on Choosing a Profession&quot;

<p> ... If our conditions of life permit us to choose any


profession, then we can select one that gives us the greatest
dignity, one based on ideas of whose truth we are fully
convinced. We can choose a profession that offers the
greatest scope for work in behalf of mankind, and for

__PRINTERS_P_17_COMMENT__
2-2618

17

ourselves to come closer to the common aim, in relation


to which every profession is only a means for getting
closer to perfection.</p>

<p> Dignity is precisely that which most of all elevates a


man, which gives supreme nobility to his work, to all his
aspirations, allowing him to rise firmly above the crowd,
and to arouse its amazement.'</p>

<p> But only the profession in which we are not slavish


tools, but create independently within our own circle, can
give dignity, only the profession that does not demand
reprehensible actions, even if reprehensible only in
outward appearance, and which can be followed even by
the best with noble pride. The profession which provides
all this in the highest degree is not always the highest,
but is always the most to be preferred.</p>

<p> ... If a man works only for himself he can, perhaps,


become a famous scientist, a great sage, an excellent poet,
but he can never become a man that is truly perfect and
great.</p>

<p> History recognises as great men those who, by working


for a common aim, themselves become ennobled; experience
extols as happiest the man who has brought happiness to
the greatest number of people....</p>

<p> ... If we have chosen a profession in which we can


most of all work for mankind, we shall not bend under its
burden, because this is a sacrifice made for all; then we
shall experience not petty, limited egoistic joy, but our
happiness will belong to the millions, our deeds will then

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
live a peaceful but perpetually active life, and over our
ashes hot tears will be shed by noble people.</p>

18

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Poems of the Young Marx</b>

<p> Not for me a life untroubled.


<br /> Not for my tempestuous soul.
<br /> Let my life be full of struggle
<br /> For a great and lofty goal.</p>

<p> Art, disclose to me thy treasures


<br /> Cherished by the human race!
<br /> With my intellect and senses
<br /> All the world would I embrace.</p>

<p> Let us march into the distance


<br /> On a journey hard and far.
<br /> Not for us a drab existence
<br /> With no aim or guiding star.</p>

<p> Not for us a life of languour


<br /> In a miserable pen.
<br /> Let us feel desire and anger,
<br /> Passion, pride-as should real men!</p>

<p> 1836
</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>K. MARX</b>
<br class="bullet" /> <b>From the Introduction to
<br /> &quot;On the Criticism of the
<br /> Hegelian Philosophy of Right''</b>

<p> ... <em>Religious</em> misery is at the same time an <em>expression</em>


of real misery and a <em>protest</em> against this real misery.
Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart

19

of a heartless world, as it is the spirit of a soulless system.


Religion is the <em>opium</em> of the people.</p>

<p> The abolition of religion as the <em>illusory</em> happiness of


the people is the demand for their <em>true</em> happiness. The
demand to give up illusions about one's position is <em>the
demand tor the rejection of a position whidh needs illusions</em>.
It follows that criticism of religion is <em>criticism in embryo
oi the vale of tears, the sacred halo</em> of which is
religion.</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> Criticism has discarded from the chains the false flowers
which adorned them-not so that mankind should continue
to wear these chains in their form devoid of all joy and
pleasure, but in order that it should throw off the chains
and stretch its hand for the living flower.</p>

<p> Criticism of religion frees man from illusions so that


he should think, act and build his own reality as one
who has freed himself from illusions, who has become a
rational man, in order that he should revolve around
himself and his own real sun. Religion is only an illusory
sun which moves around man until he begins to move
around himself....</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>K. MARX and F.</b> ENGELS
<br class="bullet" /> <b>From
<br /> The Holy Family or Critique
<br /> of Critical Critique</b>

<p> <em>February 8, 1845</em></p>

<p> ... If man draws all his knowledge, sensation, etc., from
the world of the senses and the experience gained in it,
the empirical world must be arranged so that in it man
experiences and gets used to what is really human and
that he becomes aware of himself as man. If correctly

20

understood, interest is the principle of all moral, man's


private interest must be made to coincide with the interest
of humanity. If man is unfree in the materialist sense, i.e.,
is free not through the negative power to avoid this or
that, but through the positive power to assert his true
individuality, crime must not be punished in the individual,
but the anti-social source of crime must be destroyed, and
each man must be given social scope for the vital
manifestation of his being. If man is shaped by his
surroundings, his surroundings must be made human. If
man is social by nature, he will develop his true nature
only in society, and the power of his nature must be
measured not by the power of separate individuals but
by the power of society.</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>F. ENGELS</b>
<br class="bullet" /> <b>From the
<br /> Elberfeld Speeches</b>

<p> ... In communist society, where the interests of


individuals do not conflict, but are identical, competition
vanishes. There will be no longer any question, of course,
of the ruin of individual classes, or of classes in general

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
such as the rich and the poor' at the present time. In the
production and distribution of benefits essential to life,
private appropriation, the striving of each individual to
enrich himself at his own risk, will disappear....</p>

<p> ... To protect itself from crime, from acts of open


violence, society needs an extensive, complex organism of
administrative and juridical institutions requiring an infinite

21

expenditure of human forces. In communist society this


will also be infinitely simplified, and for the precise reason
-strange though it may sound-that in this society the
administration will have to deal with not only individual
aspects of social life, but with the whole life of society
in all its manifestations and all its aspects. We destroy
the antagonism between the individual and all the rest,
we counter social war by social peace, we hack away the
very <em>roots</em> of crime and thereby render superfluous a large,
by far the largest, part of the present-day activities of the
administrative and juridical institutions. Already now,
crimes of passion are increasingly giving way to crimes
committed by calculation, in pursuance of some interest;
crimes against the <em>person</em> are decreasing, but crimes
against <em>property</em> are increasing... . Crimes against
property will disappear of themselves where each receives
all that is needed to satisfy his physical and spiritual
requirements, where social barriers and differences are
removed. The criminal court will disappear of itself, the
civil court which deals almost exclusively with property
relations or, at any rate, relations which have for their
premise the state of social war, will also disappear; the
law suits which today are the natural result of universal
enmity will then become rare exceptions easily settled by
arbitration. The administrative organs today also have the
constant state of war as the source of their activity-the
police and the whole administration are only concerned
that the war should remain concealed, indirect, that it
should not degenerate into open violence, crime. But if it
is far easier to maintain peace than to keep war within
certain limits, it is also infinitely easier to administer
communist society than a society in which competition
holds sway. And if civilisation has already taught people
to see that their interests lie in maintaining public order.

22

ensuring public security and the interests of society, and


thus make the police, the administration and justice as far
as possible superfluous, how much more will this take
place in a society where community of interests is made a
basic principle, where public interests no longer differ
from the interests of each individual! What is now taking

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
place J27 <em>spite oi</em> public institutions will be far more
widespread when public institutions no longer hamper but,
on the contrary, promote this! . . .</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
F. ENGELS
<br class="bullet" /> <b>From Principles of Communism</b>

<p> ... <em>Question 21</em>. What influence will the communist


social system have on the family?</p>

<p> <em>Answer</em>. It will make relations between the sexes a


purely private affair, which will be a matter only for the
persons concerned, and in which society has no need to
interfere. This is possible because of the abolition of
private property and because of the public education of
children, in consequence of which both of the bases for
marriage hitherto-the dependence through private property
of the wife on the husband and the children on the parents
-are abolished.</p>

<p> It is here that we find the answer to the outcry of


highlymoral philistines about common ownership of women
under communism. .Common ownership of women is a
phenomenon belonging wholly to bourgeois society and
flourishing at the present time in the form of prostitution.
But prostitution is based on private property and will
disappear together with it. Consequently, instead of

23

introducing common ownership of women, communist


organisation will abolish it.. ..</p>

<IMG src="099-5.jpg" alt="099-5.jpg" style=" width:66.7pt; height:65.8pt;">

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>Marx's Confessions</b>^^*^^

<table>
<!-- one of (tbody tr) -->
<tbody>
<tr>

<td>Your favourite virtue:


</td>

<td>Simplicity
</td>

</tr>

</tr>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<td></td>

<td></td>

</tr>

</tbody>
</table>

<p>

&quot; &quot; in man:


&quot; &quot; in woman:
Your chief characteristic:
Your idea of happiness:</p>

<p> <em>&quot; &quot;</em></p><p>


</p><p>
misery:</p>

<p> The vice you excuse most:


&quot; detest most:
Your aversion:
Favourite occupation:
poet:</p>

<p> `` &quot; prosewriter:


hero:
heroine:
&quot; &quot; flower:
&quot; &quot; colour:
&quot; &quot; name:</p>

<p> <em>&quot;</em> dish:


Favourite maxim:</p>

<p> motto:</p>

Strength

Weakness

Singleness of purpose

To fight

Submission

Gullibility

Servility

Martin Tupper^^**^^

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
Bookworming

Shakespeare, Aeschylus,

Goethe
Diderot

Spartacus, Kepler
Gretchen
Daphne
Red

<em>Laura</em>, Jenny
Fish
Nihil humani a me alienum

puto
De omnibus dubitandum

_-_-_

<p> ^^*^^ Two of the existing three variants of Marx's confessions are given
on pp. 24 and 25. The facsimile on page 25 is taken from an album
belonging to Marx's daughter Jenny.</p>

<p> ^^**^^ Martin Tupper (1810-1889)-an English writer. Marx regarded


him as the personification of banality, whose writings aimed at
achieving cheap popularity.</p>

24

<p> .jt <em>J,^</em></p>

<IMG src="099-6.jpg" alt="099-6.jpg" style=" width:231.8pt; height:286.1pt;">

__CAPTION__
Answers written in Marx's handwriting to questions written
<br /> by his daughter, Jenny

[25]

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>K. MARX
<br class="bullet" /> From a Letter to S. Meyer</b>

<p> <em>April 30, 1867</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. Well, why didn't I answer you? Because I was


constantly hovering at the edge of the grave. Hence I had
to make use of <em>every</em> moment when I was able to work
to complete my book, to which I have sacrificed health,
happiness, and family. I trust that this explanation needs
no supplementation. I laugh at the so-called ``practical''
men with their wisdom. If one chose to be an ox, one

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
could of course turn one's back on the sufferings of
mankind and look after one's own skin. But I should have
really regarded myself as <em>impractical</em> if I had pegged out
without completely finishing my book, at least in
manuscript.</p>

<p> <em>The first volume</em> of the work will be published in a


few weeks by <em>Otto Meissner</em> in Hamburg. The title is:
<em>Capital. A Critique of Political Economy</em>___</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>K. MARX
<br class="bullet" /> Letter to F. Engels</b>

<p> <em>August 16, 1867</em></p>

<p> Dear Fred,</p>

<p> Have just finished correcting the <em>last sheet</em> (49th) of


the book. The appendix-form <em>of value-takes</em> up iy<SUB>4</SUB> sheets
<em>in small print</em>.</p>

<p> <em>Preface</em> ditto sent back yesterday corrected. So <em>this


volume is finished</em>. It was thanks to <em>y o u</em> alone that this

26

became possible. Without your self-sacrifice for me I could


never possibly have done the enormous work for the three
volumes. I embrace you, full of thanks!</p>

<p> Enclosed two sheets of corrected proofs.</p>

<p> The &pound; <em>15</em> received with best thanks.</p>

<p> Greetings, my dear, beloved friend!</p>

<p> Yours,
<br /> ~ <em>K. Marx</em></p>

<p> <em>I</em> shall not want the corrected proofs back <em>until the
whole book has appeared</em>.</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>K. MARX
<br class="bullet" /> From a Letter to Engels</b>

<p> <em>March</em> 25, <em>1868</em></p>

<p> <em>.. </em>. My state of health is such that I really ought to quit
working and thinking temporarily. But that <em>would be hard
on me, even it I had the means for loafing</em>-----</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<b>F. ENGELS
<br class="bullet" /> From a Letter to E. Blank</b>

<p> <em>February 4, 1869</em></p>

<p> Dear Emil,</p>

<p> I have just received from Mama the sad news that our
dear Marie Bartels died of scarlet-fever on Monday
evening. The news shook me to the depths of my being.. ..</p>

27

<p> ... I am writing not to comfort you but simply because


I know the beneficial effect on a person of an expression
of sympathy on the part of people from whom he has the
right to expect it. Believe me that this sympathy comes
from the heart.</p>

<p> Give my cordial greetings to Marie, poor Robert and


all your children.</p>

<p> Cordially yours,


<br /> ~ <em>Frederick</em></p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
K. MARX
<br class="bullet" /> <b>From
<br /> &quot;The Civil War in France&quot;</b>

<p> ... The English working class stretch the hand of


fellowship to the French and German working people. They feel
deeply convinced that whatever turn the impending horrid
war may take, the alliance of the working classes of all
countries will ultimately kill war. The very fact that while
official France and Germany are rushing into a fratricidal
feud, the workmen of France and Germany send each other
messages of peace and goodwill; this great fact,
unparalleled in the history of the past, opens the vista of a brighter
future. It proves that in contrast to old society, with its
economical miseries and its political delirium, a new
society is springing up, whose international rule will be
<em>Peace</em>, because its national ruler will be everywhere the
<em>same-Labour \</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. Wonderful, indeed, was the change the Commune


had wrought in Paris! No longer any trace of the
meretricious Paris of the Second Empire. No longer was
Paris the rendezvous of British landlords, Irish absentees,

28

American ex-slaveholders and shoddy men, Russian


exserfowners, and Wallachian boyards. No more corpses at

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
the morgue, no nocturnal burglaries, scarcely any
robberies; in fact, for the first time since the days of
February 1848, the streets of Paris were safe, and that
without any police of any kind. &quot;We,&quot; said a member of
the Commune, &quot;hear no longer of assassination, theft and
personal assault; it seems indeed as if the police had
dragged along with it to Versailles all its Conservative
friends.&quot; The <em>cocottes</em> had refound the scent of their
protectors-the absconding men of family, religion, and,
above all, of property. In their stead, the real women of
Paris showed again at the surface-heroic, noble, and
devoted, like the women of antiquity. Working, thinking,
fighting'; bleeding Paris-almost forgetful, in its incubation
of a new society, of the cannibals at its gates-radiant in
the enthusiasm of its historic initiative!</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>K. MARX
<br class="bullet" /> From <em>a</em> Letter to W. Bios</b>

<p> <em>November 10, 1877</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. Because I am opposed to every kind of personality


cult, during the existence of the International I have never
allowed to be made public the numerous messages,
expressing recognition of my services, with which I was
pestered from various countries. I never even replied to
them, except that I sometimes gave a piece of my mind to
the authors. Engels and I joined our first secret society of
Communists on condition that everything that might foster
superstitious worshipping of authority be deleted from the
rules. . . .</p>

29

__ALPHA_LVL2__
F. ENGELS
<br class="bullet" /> <b>From
<br /> Anti-D\:uhring</b>

<p> ... The conceptions of good and evil have varied


so much from nation to nation and from age to age that
they have often been in direct contradiction to each
other.</p>

<p> But all the same, someone may object, good is not evil
and evil is not good; if good is confused with evil there
is an end to all morality, and everyone can do as he pleases.
This is also, stripped of all oracular phrases, Herr Diihring's
opinion. But the matter cannot be so simply disposed of.
If it were such an easy business there would certainly be
no dispute at all over good and evil; everyone would know
what was good and what was bad. But how do things stand
today? What morality is preached to us today? There is

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
first Christian-feudal morality, inherited from earlier
religious times; and this is divided, essentially, into a
Catholic and a Protestant morality, each of which has no
lack of subdivisions, from the Jesuit-Catholic and
OrthodoxProtestant to loose ``enlightened'' moralities. Alongside
these we find the modern-bourgeois morality and beside it
also the proletarian morality of the future, so that in the
most advanced European countries alone the past, present
and future provide three great groups of moral theories
which are in force simultaneously and alongside each other.
Which, then, is the true one? Not one of them, in the sense
of absolute finality; but certainly that morality contains
the maximum elements promising permanence which, in
the present, represents the overthrow of the present,
represents the future, and that is proletarian morality.</p>

30

<p> But when we see that the three classes of modern society,
the feudal aristocracy, the bourgeoisie and the proletariat,
each have a morality of their own, we can only draw
the one conclusion: that men, consciously or unconsciously,
derive their ethical ideas in the last resort from the practical
relations on which their class position is based-from the
economic relations in which they carry on production and
exchange.</p>

<p> But nevertheless there is quite a lot which the three moral
theories mentioned above have in common-is this not at
least a portion of a morality which is fixed once and for
all? These moral theories represent three different stages
of the same historical development, have therefore a
common historical background, and for that reason alone
they necessarily have much in common. Even more. At
similar or approximately similar stages of economic
development moral theories must of necessity be more or
less in agreement. From the moment when private
ownership of movable property developed, all societies in which
this private ownership existed had to have this moral
injunction in common: Thou shalt not steal. Does this
injunction thereby become an eternal moral injunction?
By no means. In a society in which all motives for stealing
have been done away with, in which therefore at the very
most only lunatics would ever steal, how the preacher of
morals would be laughed at who tried solemnly to proclaim
the eternal truth<SUB>:</SUB> Thou shalt not steal!</p>

<p> We therefore reject every attempt to impose on us any


moral dogma whatsoever as an eternal, ultimate and for
ever immutable ethical law on the pretext that the moral
world, too, has its permanent principles which stand above
history and the differences between nations. We maintain
on the contrary that all moral theories have been hitherto
the product, in the last analysis, of the economic conditions

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
31

of society obtaining at the time. And as society has hitherto


moved in class antagonisms, morality has always been
class morality; it has either justified the domination and
the interests of the ruling class, or, ever since the oppressed
class became powerful enough, it has represented its
indignation against this domination and the future interests
of the oppressed. That in this process there has on the
whole been progress in morality, as in all other branches
of human knowledge, no one will doubt. But we have not
yet passed beyond class morality. A really human morality
which stands above class antagonisms and above any
recollection of them becomes possible only at a stage of society
which has not only overcome class antagonisms but has
even forgotten them in practical life....</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> ... In making itself the master of all the means of


production to use them in accordance with a social plan,
society puts an end to the former subjection of men to their
own means of production. It goes without saying that
society cannot free itself unless every individual is freed.
The old mode of production must therefore be
revolutionised from top to bottom, and in particular the former
division of labour must disappear. Its place must be taken
by an organisation of production in which, on the one
hand, no individual can throw on the shoulders of others
his share in productive labour, this natural condition of
human existence; and in which, on the other hand,
productive labour, instead of being a means of subjugating
men, will become a means of their emancipation, by
offering each individual the opportunity to develop all his
faculties, physical and mental, in all directions and
exercise them to the full-in which, therefore, productive
labour will become a pleasure instead of being a
burden. .. .</p>

32

<p> ... All religion, however, is nothing but the fantastic


reflection in men's minds of those external forces which
control their daily life, a reflection in which the terrestrial
forces assume the form of supernatural forces. In the
beginning of history it was the forces of nature which were
first so reflected, and which in the course of further
evolution underwent the most manifold and varied
personifications among the various peoples. This early process
has been traced back by comparative mythology, at least
in the case of the Indo-European peoples, to its origin in
the Indian Vedas, and in its further evolution it has been
demonstrated in detail among the Indians, Persians, Greeks,

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
Romans, Germans and, so far as material is available, also
among the Celts, Lithuanians and Slavs. But it is not long
before, side by side with the forces of nature, social forces
begin to be active-forces which confront man as equally
alien and at first equally inexplicable, dominating him
with the same apparent natural necessity as the forces of
nature themselves. The fantastic figures, which at first only
reflected the mysterious forces of nature, at this point
acquire social attributes, become representatives of the
forces of history. At a still further stage of evolution, all
the natural and social attributes of the numerous gods are
transferred to <em>one</em> almighty god, who is but a reflection
of the abstract man. Such was the origin of monotheism,
which was historically the last product of the vulgarised
philosophy of the later Greeks and found its incarnation
in the exclusively national god of the Jews, Jehovah. In
this convenient, handy and universally adaptable form,
religion can continue to exist as the immediate, that is,
the sentimental form of men's relation to the alien, natural
and social forces which dominate them, so long as men
remain under the control of these forces. However, we
have seen repeatedly that in existing bourgeois society men

__PRINTERS_P_33_COMMENT__
3-2618

33

are dominated by the economic conditions created by


themselves, by the means of production which they
themselves have produced, as if by an alien force. The actual
basis of the reflective activity that gives rise to religion
therefore continues to exist, and with it the religious
reflection itself. And although bourgeois political economy
has given a certain insight into the causal connection of
this alien domination, this makes no essential difference.
Bourgeois economics can neither prevent crises in general,
nor protect the individual capitalists from losses, bad debts
and bankruptcy, nor secure the individual workers against
unemployment and destitution. It is still true that man
proposes and God (that is, the alien domination of the
capitalist mode of production) disposes. Mere knowledge,
even if it went much further and deeper than that of
bourgeois economic science, is not enough to bring social
forces under the domination of society. What is above all
necessary for this, is a social <em>act</em>. And when this act has
been accomplished, when society, by taking possession of
all means of production and using them on a planned basis,
has freed itself and all its members from the bondage in
which they are now held by these means of production
which they themselves have produced but which confront
them as an irresistible alien force; when therefore man
no longer merely proposes, but also disposes-only then
will the last alien force which is still reflected in religion

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
vanish; and with it will also vanish the religious reflection
itself, for the simple reason that then there will be nothing
left to reflect. ...</p>

[34]

__ALPHA_LVL2__
F. ENGELS
<br class="bullet" /> From the Speech
<br /> at the Graveside of Karl Marx

<p> <em>March 11, 1883</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. Marx was before all else a revolutionist. His real
mission in life was to contribute, in one way or another,
to the overthrow of capitalist society and of the state
institutions which it had brought into being, to contribute
to the liberation of the modern proletariat, which <em>he</em> was
the first to make conscious of its own position and its
needs, conscious of the conditions of its emancipation.
Fighting was his element. And he fought with a passion, a
tenacity and a success such as few could rival... .</p>

<p> And, consequently, Marx was the best hated and most
calumniated man of his time. Governments, both absolutist
and republican, deported him from their territories.
Bourgeois, whether conservative or ultra-democratic, vied with
one another in heaping slanders upon him. All this he
brushed aside as though it were cobweb, ignoring it,
answering only when extreme necessity compelled him.
And he died beloved, revered and mourned by millions
of revolutionary fellow-workers-from the mines of Siberia
to California, in all parts of Europe and America-and I
make bold to say that though he may have had many
opponents he had hardly one personal enemy.</p>

<p> His name will endure through the ages, and so also
will his work!</p>

35

__ALPHA_LVL2__
F. ENGELS
<br class="bullet" /> <b>From
<br /> The Origin of the Family,
<br /> Private Property and the State</b>

<p> . . . Thus full freedom in marriage can become generally


operative only when the abolition of capitalist production,
and of the property relations created by it, has removed
all those secondary economic considerations which still
exert so powerful an influence on the choice of a partner.
Then, no other motive remains than mutual affection....</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> ... With the disappearance of the economic
considerations which compelled women to tolerate the customary
infidelity of the men-the anxiety about their own livelihood
and even more about the future of their children-the
equality of woman thus achieved will, judging from all
previous experience, result far more effectively in the men
becoming really monogamous than in the women becoming
polyandrous.</p>

<p> What will most definitely disappear from monogamy,


however, is all the characteristics stamped on it in
consequence of its having arisen out of property
relationships. These are, first, the dominance of the man, and
secondly, the indissolubility of marriage. The predominance
of the man in marriage is simply a consequence of his
economic predominance and will vanish with it
automatically. The indissolubility of marriage is partly the result
of the economic conditions under which monogamy arose,
and partly a tradition from the time when the connection
between these economic conditions and monogamy was not
yet correctly understood and was exaggerated by religion.
Today it has been breached a thousandfold. If only
marriages that are based on love are moral, then, also, only

36

those are moral in which love continues. The duration of


the urge of individual sex love differs very much according
to the individual, particularly among men; and a definite
cessation of affection, or its displacement by a new
passionate love, makes separation a blessing for both
parties as well as for society. People will only be spared
the experience of wading through the useless mire of
divorce proceedings.</p>

<p> But what will be added? That will be settled after a


new generation has grown up: a generation of men who
never in all their lives have had occasion to purchase a
woman's surrender either with money or with any other
means of social power, and of women who have never
been obliged to surrender to any man out of any
consideration other than that of real love, or to refrain from
giving themselves to their beloved for fear of the economic
consequences. Once such people appear, they will not care
a rap about what we today think they should do. They will
establish their own practice and their own public opinion,
conformable therewith, on the practice of each individual
---and that's the end of it. ...</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
F. ENGELS
<br class="bullet" /> <b>From a Letter to Gertrude Guillaume-Schak</b>

<p> <em>(About July 5, 1885)</em></p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> <em>..</em>. That the working woman needs special protection
against capitalist exploitation because of her special
physiological functions seems obvious to me. The English
women who championed the formal right of members of
their sex to permit themselves to be as thoroughly exploited

37

by the capitalists as the men are mostly, directly or


indirectly, interested in the capitalist exploitation of both
sexes. I admit I am more interested in the health of the
future generations than in the absolute formal equality of
the sexes during the last years of the capitalist mode of
production. It is my conviction that real equality of women
and men can come true only when the exploitation of
either by capital has been abolished and private housework
has been transformed into a public industry. ...</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
F. ENGELS
<br class="bullet" /> <b>From the Introduction to Marx's
<br /> Wage Labour and Capital</b>

<p> ... A new social order is possible in which the present


class differences will have disappeared and in
whichperhaps after a short transitional period involving some
privation, but at any rate of great value morally-through
the planned utilisation and extension of the already existing
enormous productive forces of all members of society, and
with uniform obligation to work, the means for existence,
for enjoying life, for the development and employment
of all bodily and mental faculties will be available in an
equal measure and in ever-increasing fulness. And that the
workers are becoming more and more determined to win
this new social order will be demonstrated on both sides
of the ocean by May the First, tomorrow, and by Sunday,
May3,</p>

[38]

__ALPHA_LVL1__
<b>LENIN
<br /> VLADIMIR ILYICH</b>
<br class="bullet" /> <b><em>(1870--1924)</em>
<br /> ---<em>great theoretician of Marxism,
<br /> founder of the Communist Party
<br /> of the Soviet Union and of the
<br /> Soviet socialist state</em>.</b>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Article
<br /> &quot;Frederick</b> Engels''

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
__NOTE__ [39] should be here.

<IMG src="099-7.jpg" alt="099-7.jpg" style=" width:266.9pt; height:382.1pt;">

<p> <b>V-LENIN</b></p>

__NOTE__ Same thing with page number, this time page 39.

<p> ... Two volumes of <em>Capital</em> are the work of two men:
Marx and Engels. Old legends contain various moving
instances of friendship. The European proletariat may say
that its science was created by two scholars and fighters,
whose relationship to each other surpasses the most moving
stories of the ancients about human friendship. Engels
always-and, on the whole, quite justly-placed himself
after Marx. &quot;In Marx's lifetime,&quot; he wrote to an old friend,
&quot;I played second fiddle.&quot; His love for the living Marx, and
his reverence for the memory of the dead Marx were
boundless. This stern fighter and austere thinker possessed
a deeply loving soul....</p>

[39]

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Article
<br /> &quot;A Retrograde Trend
<br /> in Russian Social-Democracy&quot;</b>

<p> ... We recognise the duty of comradeship, the duty to


support all comrades, the duty to tolerate the opinions of
comrades, <em>but as far as we axe concerned, the duty of
comradeship derives from our duty to Russian and
international Social-Democracy, and not vice versa</em>.</p>

<p> We recognise our comradely obligations to <em>Rabochaya


Mysl</em>^^*^^ not because its editors are our comrades; we
consider the editors of <em>Rabochaya Mysl</em> our comrades only
because and to the extent that they work in the ranks of
Russian (and, consequently, of international)
SocialDemocracy. Therefore, if we are certain that the
``comrades'' are moving backwards, away from the
SocialDemocratic programme, that the ``comrades'' are hemming
in and distorting the aims of the working-class movement,
we consider it our <em>duty</em> to give expression to our
convictions with a complete certainty that leaves nothing
unsaid!</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From a Letter to P. N. Lepeshinsky</b>^^**^^

__NOTE__ ootnote cont. from page 40.

__NOTE__ ootnote cont. on page 41.

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> <em>August 29, 1905, Geneva</em></p>

<p> <em>. .. Every</em> Party worker has shortcomings and minuses


in his work, but one has to <em>take care</em>, in criticising

_-_-_

<p> ^^*^^ <em>Rabochaya My si-the</em> newspaper of the ``Economists''. In articles


published in the newspaper. <em>Iskra</em> and in his book <em>What Is to Be
Done?</em>, Lenin criticised the views of <em>Rabochaya Mysl</em> as being a
Russian variety of international opportunism.</p>

<p> ^^**^^ Lepeshinsky, P. N. (1868-1944), professional revolutionary,

__NOTE__ Rest of footnote comes from next page but


placed here since next page has two LVL breaks.

prominent Party figure, member of the C.P.S.U. since 1898; took part in
the preparations for the 2nd and 3rd Congresses of the Party. </p>

40

shortcomings or in analysing them before Party centres, not to


transcend the boundary where tittle-tattle begins.</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Article
<br /> &quot;Party Organisation and Party Literature&quot;</b>

<p> ... We are discussing party literature and its


subordination to party control. Everyone is free to write and
say whatever he likes, without any restrictions. But every
voluntary association (including a party) is also free to
expel members who use the name of the party to advocate
anti-party views. Freedom of speech and the press must be
complete. But then freedom of association must be
complete too. <em>I</em> am bound to accord you, in the name of free
speech, the full right to shout, lie and write to your heart's
content. But you are bound to grant me, in the name of
freedom of association, the right to enter into, or withdraw
from, association with people advocating this or that view.
The party is a voluntary association, which would
inevitably break up, first ideologically and then physically, if it
did not cleanse itself of people advocating anti-party
views....</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Article
<br /> &quot;The Attitude of the Workers'
<br /> Party to Religion&quot;</b>

<p> ... Religion is the opium of the people-this dictum by


Marx is the corner-stone of the whole Marxist outlook on
religion. Marxism has always regarded all modern

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
41

religions and churches, and each and every religious


organisation, as instruments of bourgeois reaction that serve to
defend exploitation and to befuddle the working class.</p>

<p> . .. We must combat religion-that is the ABC of <em>all</em>


materialism, and consequently of Marxism. But Marxism
is not a materialism which has topped at the ABC. Marxism
goes further. It says: We must <em>know how</em> to combat
religion, and in order to do so we must explain the source of
faith and religion among the masses <em>in a materialist way</em>.
The combating of religion cannot be confined to abstract
ideological preaching, and it must not be reduced to such
preaching. It must be linked up with the concrete practice
of the class movement, which aims at eliminating the
social roots of religion. .,.</p>

<p> ... A Marxist must be a materialist, i.e., an enemy of


religion, but a dialectical materialist, i.e., one who treats
the struggle against religion not in an abstract way, not
on the basis of remote, purely theoretical, never varying
preaching, but in a concrete way, on the basis of the
class struggle which is going on <em>in practice</em> and is
educating the masses more and better than anything else could.
A Marxist must be able to view the concrete situation as <em>a</em>
whole, he must always be able to find the boundary
between anarchism and opportunism (this boundary is
relative, shifting and changeable, but it exists). And he
must not succumb either to the abstract, verbal, but in
reality empty ``revolutionism'' of the anarchist, or to the
Philistinism and opportunism of the petty bourgeois or
liberal intellectual, who boggles at the struggle against
religion, forgets that this is his duty, reconciles himself
to belief in God, and is guided not by the interests of the
class struggle but by the petty and mean consideration of
offending nobody, repelling nobody and scaring
nobodyby the sage rule: &quot;live and let live&quot;, etc., etc, &gt;.,</p>

42

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Article
<br /> &quot;Once More on Partyism and Non-Partyism&quot;</b>

<p> ... But for the very reason that we uphold the Party
principle, in the interests of the broad masses, for the
sake of freeing them from any kind of bourgeois influence,
for the sake of the fullest clarity of class alignments, we
must exert to the maximum our strength and vigilance to
see that the Party principle is observed not in <em>words merely,
but in tact</em>....</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From an Obituary
<br /> &quot;Ivan Vasilyevich Babushkin&quot;</b>^^*^^

<p> ... But there are such national heroes. They are people
like Babushkin. They are people who, not for a year or
two but for a whole decade before the revolution,
wholeheartedly devoted themselves to the struggle for the
emancipation of the working class. They are people who did not
dissipate their energies on the futile terrorist acts of
individuals, but who worked, persistently and unswervingly
among the proletarian masses, helping to develop <em>their</em>
consciousness, <em>their</em> organisation and <em>their</em> revolutionary

_-_-_

<p> ^^*^^ Ivan Vasilyevich Babushkin (1873-1906)-a professional


revolutionary and pupil o&pound; Lenin; began his revolutionary activity in 1893
when he joined a study circle led by Lenin. He was an active member
of the St. Petersburg and Yekaterinoslav &quot;Unions of Struggle for the
Emancipation of the Working Class&quot; and also a member of the Irkutsk
and Chita committees of the Russian Social-Democratic Party; played
an important part in founding <em>Iskra</em> (1900), the first legal Marxist
newspaper; took part in the 1905-1907 revolution. He was shot by a
punitive expedition of the tsarist government.</p>

43

initiative. They are people who stood at the head of the


armed mass struggle against the tsarist autocracy when the
crisis began, when the revolution broke out and when
millions and millions were stirred into action. Everything
won from the tsarist autocracy was won <em>exclusively</em>
by the struggle of the masses led by such people as
Babushkin.</p>

<p> Without such men the Russian people would remain for
ever a people of slaves and serfs. With such men the
Russian people will win complete emancipation from all
exploitation.</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
From the Article
<br /> &quot;The Working Class and Neomalthusianism&quot;

<p> ... The working class is not perishing, it is growing,


becoming stronger, gaining courage, consolidating itself,
educating itself and becoming steeled in battle. We are
pessimists as far as serfdom, capitalism and petty
production are concerned, but we are ardent optimists in what
concerns the working-class movement and its aims. We
are already laying the foundations of a new edifice and our
children will complete its construction.</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> That is the reason-the only reason-why we are
definitely the enemies of neomalthusianism,^^*^^ suited only to
unfeeling and egoistic petty-bourgeois couples, who
whisper in scared voices: &quot;God grant we manage somehow
ourselves. So much the better if we have no children----&quot;</p>

_-_-_

<p> ^^*^^ Neomalthusianism-a variety of the reactionary doctrine of


Malthus, an English bourgeois economist. To distract the workers from
revolutionary struggle, the Malthusianists advocated the false idea that
social evils could be removed by artificially curtailing the growth of
the population.
</p>

44

__ALPHA_LVL2__
From the Article
<br /> &quot;Corrupting the Workers with Refined Nationalism&quot;

<p> ... The interests of proletarian solidarity and comradely


unity in the workers' class struggle call for the fullest
equality of nations with a view to removing every trace
of national distrust, estrangement, suspicion and enmity.
And full equality implies the repudiation of all privileges
for any one language and the recognition of the <em>right</em> of
self-determination for all nations....</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
From the Article
<br /> &quot;The Right of Nations to Self-Determination&quot;

<p> ... The reactionaries are opposed to freedom of divorce;


they say that it must be &quot;handled carefully&quot;, and loudly
declare that it means the &quot;disintegration of the family&quot;.
The democrats, however, believe that the reactionaries are
hypocrites, and that they are actually defending the
omnipotence of the police and the bureaucracy, the privileges
of one of the sexes, and the worst kind of oppression of
women. They believe that in actual fact freedom of divorce
will not cause the ``disintegration'' of family ties, but, on the
contrary, will strengthen them on a democratic basis, which
is the only possible and durable basis in civilised society.</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
Letter to Inessa Armand^^*^^

<p> Dear friend,</p>

<p> I strongly advise you to write the plan of the pamphlet


in more detail. Otherwise too much is not clear.</p>

_-_-_

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> ^^*^^ Inessa Armand (Yelizaveta Fyodorovna, 1875-1920)---prominent
figure in the Russian Communist Party and the international women's
communist movement, a friend of Lenin's family.</p>

45

<p> I should state one opinion already now:</p>

<p> &sect; 3--1 advise you to throw out entirely &quot;the demand
(female) for free love''.</p>

<p> This would, in fact, be not a proletarian, but a bourgeois


demand.</p>

<p> As a matter of fact, what do you understand by it?


What <em>can</em> be understood by it?</p>

<p> (1) Freedom <em>from</em> material (financial) considerations in


the matter of love?</p>

<p> (2) <em>from</em> material cares as well?</p>

<p> (3) from religious prejudices?</p>

<p> (4) from the father's ban, etc.?</p>

<p> (5) from the prejudices of ``society''?</p>

<p> (6) from a narrow environment (peasant or philistine


or bourgeois-intellectual) ?</p>

<p> (7) from the bonds of the law, the court and the police?</p>

<p> (8) from what is serious in love?</p>

<p> (9) from child-birth?</p>

<p> (10) freedom of adultery? etc.</p>

<p> I have listed several (not all, of course) of the shades of


meaning. You understand, of course, not Nos. 8-10, but
either Nos. 1-7 or <em>something like</em> Nos. 1-7.</p>

<p> But a different wording for Nos. 1-7 should be chosen,


for free love does not accurately express this idea.</p>

<p> But the public reading the pamphlet will <em>inevitably</em> take
&quot;free love&quot; in general as being in the nature of Nos. 8-10,
even <em>against your will</em>.</p>

<p> It is precisely because in modern society the most


garrulous, clamorous and ``prominent'' classes understand
&quot;free love&quot; in the sense of Nos. 8-10, for just that reason

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
this is not a proletarian, but a bourgeois demand.</p>

<p> Most important for the proletariat are Nos. 1-2, and
then Nos. 1-7, and that, properly speaking, is not &quot;free
love''.</p>

46

<p> It is not a question of what you <em>subjectively</em> &quot;want to


mean&quot; by this. It is a question of the <em>objective logic</em> of
class relations in matters of love.</p>

<p> Friendly shake hands, <em>W. I.


Written in Berne, on January 17, 1915</em></p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
From a <b>Letter to Inessa Armand</b>

<p> Dear friend,</p>

<p> I apologise for the delay in replying: I wanted to write


yesterday, but was detained and there was no time to
sit down to a letter.</p>

<p> Regarding your plan for the pamphlet, I found that


&quot;the demand for &quot;free love&quot; was not clear, and-quite apart
from any will or desire on your part (I stressed this,
saying: it is a question of objective, class relations and not
of your subjective desires)-would in the present social
situation be a bourgeois and not a proletarian demand.</p>

<p> You do not agree.</p>

<p> All right. Let us examine the matter once more.</p>

<p> To make clear what was unclear, I listed approximately


a dozen <em>possible</em> (and inevitable in conditions of class
differences) different interpretations, and pointed out that
in my opinion interpretations 1-7 will be typical or
characteristic of proletarian women and 8-10 of
bourgeois women.</p>

<p> If this is to be refuted, it has to be shown (1) that these


interpretations are incorrect (then put others in their place
or indicate the incorrect ones) or (2) incomplete (then add
what is lacking) or (3) are not correctly divided into
proletarian and bourgeois.</p>

47

<p> You do neither the first, nor the second, nor the
third.</p>

<p> You do not touch on points 1-7 at all. This means you

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
recognise them (in general) as correct? (What you write
about the prostitution of proletarian women and their
dependence: &quot;the impossibility of saying no&quot; fits perfectly
under points 1-7. It is impossible to see any disagreement
between us here.)</p>

<p> Neither do you dispute the fact that this is a <em>proletarian</em>


interpretation.</p>

<p> There remain points 8-10.</p>

<p> These you &quot;do not quite understand&quot; and so you ``argue'':
&quot;I do not understand how <em>it is possible</em> (that is how it is
written!) to <em>identify</em> (!!??) free love with&quot; point 10-----</p>

<p> It follows that I &quot;am identifying&quot; and you were about


to berate and rout me?</p>

<p> How is this? What is this?</p>

<p> Bourgeois women mean by free love points 8-10-that


is my thesis.</p>

<p> Do you refute this? Tell me what do <em>bourgeois</em> ladies


mean by free love?</p>

<p> You do not say. Does not literature and life <em>prove</em> that
bourgeois women mean just that? They prove it
absolutely ! You tacitly admit this.</p>

<p> And since that is the case, it is a matter here of their


class position, and ``refuting'' <em>them</em> is hardly possible and
might hardly be anything but naive.</p>

<p> It is necessary to isolate the proletarian standpoint from


them and to <em>counterpose</em> it to them. It is necessary to take
into account the objective fact that otherwise <em>they</em> will
extract the passages that suit them from your pamphlet,
interpret them in their own way, make your pamphlet
bring grist to their mill, distort your ideas before the
workers, ``confuse'' the workers (by arousing in them the

48

apprehension that <em>you</em> are putting <em>alien</em> ideas before them).


And they have at their disposal a host of newspapers,
etc.</p>

<p> And you, completely forgetting the objective and class


point of view, launch an ``attack'' on <em>me</em>, as if I ``identify''
free love with points 8-10.. . . It's funny, really very
funny.. ..</p>

<p> ``Even a fleeting passion and liaison&quot; is &quot;more poetic

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
and cleaner&quot; than the &quot;loveless kisses&quot; of (vulgar and
philistine) married couples. That is what you write. And
that is what you intend to write in your pamphlet.
Fine.</p>

<p> Is this comparison logical? Loveless kisses of philistine


married couples are <em>unclean</em>. Agreed. They should be
counterposed ... to what? It would seem: kisses with love?
But you counterpose to them a ``fleeting'' (why fleeting?)
``passion'' (why not love?). It would appear, logically,
that loveless (fleeting) kisses are counterposed to the
loveless kisses of married couples.... It's strange.</p>

<p> Would it not be better for a popular pamphlet to


counterpose the philistine, unclean, loveless marriage of
a petty-bourgeois-intellectual-peasant kind (apparently, my
point 6 or point 5) to proletarian, civil marriage with love
(with the addition, <em>if you absolutely insist</em>, that a fleeting
liaison-passion can also be unclean or it can be clean).
What you have here is not counterposing class <em>types</em>, but
something in the nature of a &quot;special case&quot;, which, of
course, is possible. But is it a matter of special cases? If
you take the theme: the special, individual case of unclean
kisses in marriage and clean kisses in a fleeting
liaisonthen this theme should be dealt with in a novel (for here
the whole <em>crux of the matter</em> is the <em>individual</em> situation, the
analysis of the <em>characters and</em> psychology of <em>given</em> types).
But in a pamphlet?</p>

__PRINTERS_P_49_COMMENT__
4-2618

49

<IMG src="099-8.jpg" alt="099-8.jpg" style=" width:251.5pt; height:177.1pt;">

<IMG src="099-9.jpg" alt="099-9.jpg" style=" width:225.1pt; height:364.3pt;">

<IMG src="099-10.jpg" alt="099-10.jpg" style=" width:244.8pt; height:23.0pt;">

<IMG src="099-11.jpg" alt="099-11.jpg" style=" width:113.8pt; height:29.3pt;">

__CAPTION__
Facsimile of Lenin's letter to Inessa Armand

[50]

<IMG src="099-12.jpg" alt="099-12.jpg" style=" width:60.5pt; height:23.5pt;">

<IMG src="099-13.jpg" alt="099-13.jpg" style=" width:116.2pt; height:20.6pt;">

<IMG src="099-14.jpg" alt="099-14.jpg" style=" width:153.6pt; height:29.8pt;">

[51]

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> You have understood very well my idea about the
unsuitable quotation from Ellen Key,^^*^^ when you said that it
is ``stupid'' to appear in the role of &quot;professors of love&quot;.
Precisely. Well, and what about the role of .professors of
fleeting.. ., etc.?</p>

<p> Honestly, I don't at all want a polemic. I would readily


throw away this letter of mine and put off the matter until
we could talk together. But I should like the pamphlet to
be a good one, so that <em>no one could</em> extract from it phrases
unpleasant for you (sometimes a <em>single</em> phrase is enough
to act as a spoonful of tar.. .) or <em>could misinterpret</em> you.
I am sure that here too you wrote &quot;against your will&quot;,
and I am sending you this letter only because I think that
letters better than conversations will prompt you to
examine the plan more thoroughly, for after all the plan is
a very important thing.</p>

<p> Do you happen to know a French woman socialist?


Translate for her (as if from English) my points 1-10 and
your remarks about &quot;fleeting...&quot;, etc., watch her reaction
and listen carefully to what she says: a little experiment
to see what <em>other people</em> will say, what their impressions
are and what they expect from the pamphlet.</p>

<p> I shake hands and wish you fewer headaches and a


speedy recovery.</p>

<p> <em>V. U</em>.</p>

<p> <em>Written in Berne, January 24, 1915</em></p>

_-_-_

<p> ^^*^^ Ellen Key---Swedish bourgeois author who wrote on questions of


the women's movement and the education of children.</p>

52

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Article
<br /> &quot;Who Are You Laughing At?</b>

<p> Laughing At Yourselves!''</p>

<p> .. . Sincerity in politics, that is, in the field of human


relations which deals not with individuals but <em>millions</em>,
is a <em>correspondence ot words to deeds</em> that can be quite
easily verified.</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Article
<br /> &quot;Political Blackmail&quot;</b>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> ... Let us be firm in branding the blackmailers. Let
us be inflexible in the analysis of the smallest doubts by
the court of the politically-conscious workers, the court
of our Party; we trust it, we see in it the intellect, honour
and conscience of our epoch....</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Article
<br /> &quot;On Compromises&quot;</b>

<p> ... The task of a genuinely revolutionary party is not to


proclaim as impossible rejection of all compromises but,
to be able to carry through all compromises-insofar as
they are inevitable-its loyalty to principles, to its class,
to its revolutionary task, to its work of preparing for the
revolution and educating the mass of the people for victory
in the revolution. ...</p>

53

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Concluding Speech
<br /> at the Meeting of the All-Russian
<br /> Central Executive Committee</b>

<p> <em>November 10 (23), 1911</em></p>

<p> <em>, .</em>. Comrade Chudnovsky said here that he &quot;allowed


himself&quot; to subject the actions of the Commissars to sharp
criticism. There can be no question here of whether it is
permissible or impermissible to allow oneself to criticise
sharply; it is the duty of a revolutionary to make such
criticism, and the People's Commissars do not consider
themselves infallible. ...</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Article
<br /> &quot;How to Organise Competition&quot;</b>

<p> . .. Workers and peasants, toilers and exploited! The


land, the banks, the factories and works have now become
the possession of the whole of the people! You <em>yourselves</em>
must set to work to take account of and control the
production and the distribution of products-this, and this <em>alone</em>
is the road to the victory of socialism, the only guarantee
of its victory, the guarantee of victory over all
exploitation, over all poverty and want! For there is enough bread,
iron, timber, wool, cotton and flax in Russia to satisfy
the needs of all, provided only labour and its products are
properly distributed, provided only the <em>businesslike,
practical</em> control over this distribution by the whole
of the people is established, provided only we can defeat
the enemies of the people: the rich and their hangers-on,

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
and the rogues, the idlers and the hooligans, <emmm>not only</emmm>

__FIX__ more emmm /emmm to do ...

54

in politics, but also in <em>everyday economic</em>


life.</p>

<p> No mercy to these enemies of the people, the enemies


of socialism, the enemies of the toilers! War to the bitter
end on the rich and their hangers-on, the bourgeois
intellectuals; war on the rogues, the idlers and hooligans!
Both, the former and the latter, are of the same
broodthe spawn of capitalism, the offspring of aristocratic and
bourgeois society; the society in which a handful of men
robbed and insulted the people; the society in which
poverty and want forced thousands and thousands into the
path of hooliganism, corruption and roguery, and caused
them to lose all semblance of human beings; the society
which inevitably cultivated in the toiler the desire to
escape exploitation even by means of deception, to
manoeuvre out of it, to escape, if only for a moment, from
loathsome toil, to procure at least a crust of bread by any
possible means, at any cost, so as not to starve, so as to
subdue the pangs of hunger suffered by himself and by his
near ones.</p>

<p> The rich and the rogues are two sides of the same
medal, they are the two principal categories of <em>parasites</em>
which capitalism fostered; they are the principal enemies
of socialism. These enemies must be placed under the
special surveillance of the whole people; they must be
ruthlessly punished for the slightest violation of the laws
and regulations of socialist society. Any display of
weakness, hesitation or sentimentality in this respect would be
an immense crime against socialism.</p>

<p> In order to render these parasites harmless to


socialist society we must organise the accounting and control of
the amount of labour performed, of production and
distribution, to be exercised by the whole of the people, by
millions and millions of workers and peasants voluntarily.

__FIX__ Fix all those periods at the


end of a page that should be commas.

55

energetically and with revolutionary enthusiasm. And in


order to organise this accounting and control, which is
<em>fully within the ability</em> of every honest, intelligent and
efficient worker and peasant, we must rouse their own
organising talent, the talent which comes from their midst;

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
we must rouse among them-and organise on a national
<em>scale-competition</em> in the sphere of organisational
successes; the workers and peasants must be brought to see
clearly the difference between the necessary advice of an
educated man and the necessary control by the ``common''
worker and peasant of the <em>slovenliness</em> that is so usual
among the ``educated''.</p>

<p> .. . The Paris Commune gave a great example of how to


combine initiative, independence, freedom of action and
vigour from below with voluntary centralism free from
stereotyped forms. Our Soviets are following the same
road. But they are still ``shy'', they have not yet got into
their stride, have not yet &quot;bitten into&quot; their new, great,
creative task of building the socialist system. The Soviets
must set to work more boldly and display greater initiative.
Every ``commune'', every factory, every village, every
consumers' society, every committee of supply, must
<em>compete</em> with its neighbours as a practical organiser of
accounting and control of labour and distribution of
products. The programme of this accounting and control is
simple, clear and intelligible to all; it is: everyone to have
bread; everyone to have strong boots and decent clothing;
everyone to have warm dwellings; everyone to work
conscientiously; not a single rogue (including those who
shirk their work) should be allowed to be at liberty, but
kept in prison, or serve his sentence of compulsory labour
of the hardest kind; not a single rich man who violates the
laws and regulations of socialism should be allowed to
escape the fate of the rogue, which should, in justice, be

56

the fate of the rich man. &quot;He who does not work, neither
shall he eat&quot;-this is the <em>practical</em> commandment of
socialism. This is how things should be organised <em>practically</em>.
These are the <em>practical</em> successes our ``communes'' and our
worker- and peasant-organisers should be proud of. And
this applies <em>particularly</em> to the organisers among the
intellectuals <em>(particularly</em>, because <em>they are too much, far too
much</em> in the habit of being proud of their general
instructions and resolutions)... .</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
From the Article
<br /> &quot;The Immediate Tasks of the Soviet Government&quot;

<p> Large-scale machine industry-which is precisely the


material source, the productive source, the foundation of
socialism-calls for absolute and strict <em>unity of will</em>, which
directs the joint labours of hundreds, thousands and tens
of thousands of people. The technical, economic and
historical necessity of this is obvious, and all those who have
thought about socialism have always regarded it as one

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
of the conditions of socialism. But how can strict unity of
will be ensured?-By thousands subordinating their will
to the will of one.</p>

<p> Given ideal class consciousness and discipline on the


part of those taking part in the common work, this
subordination would rather remind one of the mild
leadership of a conductor of an orchestra. It may assume the
sharp forms of a dictatorship if ideal discipline and class
consciousness are lacking. But be that as it may, <em>
unquestioning subordination</em> to a single will is absolutely
necessary for the success of processes organised on the pattern
of large-scale machine industry....</p>

57

<p> . . . We must consolidate what we ourselves have won,


what we ourselves have decreed, made law, discussed,
planned-consolidate all this in stable forms of <em>everyday
labour discipline</em>. This is the most difficult, but the most
grateful task, because only its fulfilment will give us
socialist conditions. We must learn to combine the &quot;public
meeting&quot; democracy of the toiling masses-turbulent,
surging, overflowing its banks like a spring flood-with <em>iron</em>
discipline while at work, with <em>unquestioning obedience</em> to
the will of a single person, the Soviet leader, while at
work....</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Article
<br /> &quot;A Little Picture to Explain Big Questions&quot;</b>

<p> . .. We can build communism only from the materials


created by capitalism, from the cultural apparatus which
is a product of the bourgeois conditions and therefore
inevitably steeped-since the question is one of human
material as part of the cultural apparatus-in bourgeois
psychology. Here lies the difficulty in building communist
society, but here also lies the guarantee that it can be
built and built successfully. Marxism differs from the old
Utopian socialism in that the latter wanted to build a new
society not from the mass representatives of human
material which are produced by bloody, filthy,
plundering, petty-trading capitalism, but from especially virtuous
people reared in special greenhouses and conservatories.
Everyone now finds this ridiculous idea ludicrous and
everyone has abandoned it, but not everyone wants or is
able to give thought to the opposite doctrine of Marxism,
to think over how it is possible (and essential) to build
communism from the mass of human material spoilt by</p>

58

ages and millennia of slavery, feudalism and capitalism,

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
from small scattered enterprises, and wars of all against
all for a place in the market, for a higher price for
products, or for labour. ...</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Article
<br /> &quot;Reply to an Enquiry from a Peasant&quot;</b>

<p> . .. Against people who, contrary to the laws of Soviet


Government, treat the peasantry unjustly, relentless
struggle, their immediate dismissal and strictest judgement
of them are necessary. All the efforts of honest workers
and peasants are being devoted to clearing Russia of such
remnants of the landlord and capitalist way of life who
permit themselves to behave like ``bosses'', whereas by the
laws of our workers' and peasants' republic they are
obliged to be elected representatives of the Soviets, setting
an example of conscientiousness and strict observance of
the law... .</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> ... It is necessary to work a great deal, work


persistently, and to ensure strict, comradely discipline among
workers and peasants, in order to eradicate the old,
capitalist freedom of trade, freedom to make profits, freedom
to indulge in strife, and freedom to oppress which has
drenched the whole world in blood.</p>

<p> But millions upon millions of workers and peasants have


now undertaken this difficult work. Every honest,
conscientious peasant and worker has understood the meaning
of socialism and persistently fights for it-----</p>

59

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Article
<br /> &quot;A Great Beginning&quot;</b>
<br class="bullet" /> HEROISM OF THE WORKERS IN THE REAR.
<br /> &quot;COMMUNIST SUBBOTNIKS&quot;

<p> The press reports many instances of the heroism of


the Red Army men. In the fight against the Kolchakites,
Denikinites and other forces of the landlords and
capitalists, the workers and peasants very often display miracles
of bravery and endurance, defending the gains of the
socialist revolution. The overcoming of the guerrilla spirit,
weariness and indiscipline is a slow and difficult process,
but it is making headway in spite of everything. The
heroism of the toiling masses who are voluntarily making
sacrifices for the cause of the victory of socialism-this is
the foundation of the new, comradely discipline in the
Red Army, the foundation on which it is regenerating,

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
gaining strength and growing.</p>

<p> The heroism of the workers in the rear is no less worthy


of attention. In this connection, the <em>communist subbotniks</em>^^*^^
organised by the workers on their own initiative are of
enormous significance. Evidently, this is only a beginning,
but it is <em>a</em> beginning of unusually great importance. It is
the beginning of a revolution that is more difficult, more
material, more radical and more decisive than the
overthrow of the bourgeoisie, for it is a victory over their own

_-_-_

<p> ^^*^^ <em>Subbotniks-unpaid</em> work which Soviet working people voluntarily


performed for their country on rest days or after working hours. The
first <em>subbotnik</em> was held on the initiative of the workers at the
Sortirovochnaya Depot of the Moscow-Kazan Railway on May 10, 1919, a
Saturday. (The Russian for Saturday is <em>subbota</em>, hence the name
Subbotnik.) These <em>subbotniks</em> became widespread during the early years
of Soviet power and during the Great Patriotic War.</p>

60

conservatism, indiscipline, petty-bourgeois egoism, a


victory over the habits that accursed capitalism left as a
heritage to the worker and peasant. Only when <em>this</em> victory
is consolidated will the new social discipline, socialist
discipline, be created; then and only then will a reversion
to capitalism become impossible, will communism become
really invincible....</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> ... The communist organisation of social labour, the


first step towards which is socialism,,rests, and will do so
more and more as time goes on, on the free and conscious
discipline of the toilers themselves who have thrown off
the yoke both of the landlords and capitalists. ...</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> ... In order to achieve victory, in order to build and


consolidate socialism, the proletariat must .fulfil a twofold
or dual task: first, it must, by its supreme heroism in the
revolutionary struggle against capital, win over the entire
mass of the toilers and exploited; it must win them over,
organise them and lead them in the struggle to overthrow
the bourgeoisie and utterly suppress its resistance. Second,
it must lead the whole mass of the toilers and exploited,
as well as all the petty-bourgeois strata, into the road of
new economic construction, into the road to the creation of
new social ties, a new labour discipline, a new organisation
of labour, which will combine the last word in science and
capitalist technology with the mass association of

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
classconscious workers creating large-scale socialist
production.</p>

<p> The second task is more difficult than the first, for
it cannot possibly be fulfilled by single acts of heroic
fervour; it requires the most prolonged, most persistent
and most difficult mass heroism in <em>prosaic, everyday</em>
work. . . .</p>

61

<p> The &quot;communist subbotniks&quot; are so important because


they were initiated by workers who were by no means
placed in exceptionally good conditions, by workers of
various specialities, and some with no speciality at all, just
unskilled labourers, who are living under <em>ordinary</em>, i.e.,
<em>exceedingly hard</em>, conditions... .</p>

__FIX__ Probably more b_b_b markers to insert between


paragraphs ...

__b_b_b__

<p> ... And yet these starving workers, surrounded by the


malicious counter-revolutionary agitation of the
bourgeoisie, the Menshevjks and the Socialist-Revolutionaries,^^*^^
are organising &quot;communist subbotniks&quot;, working overtime
<em>without any pay</em>, and achieving <em>an enormous increase in
productivity of labour</em> in spite of the fact that they are
weary, - tormented, and exhausted from malnutrition. Is
this not supreme heroism? Is this not the beginning of a
change of momentous significance?</p>

<p> In the last analysis, productivity of labour is the


most important, the principal thing for the victory of the
new social system. ...</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> ... If in starving Moscow, in the summer of 1919, the


starving workers who had gone through four trying years
of imperialist war and another year and a half of still
more trying civil war could start this great work, how
will it develop later when we triumph in the civil war and
win peace?</p>

<p> Communism is the higher productivity of labour--


compared with that existing under capitalism-of voluntary,
class-conscious and united workers employing advanced

_-_-_

<p> ^^*^^ The Socialist-Revolutionaries-a petty-bourgeois party in Russia,


which was organised in 1901-1902. They did not understand the real

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
. meaning of the class struggle and rejected the idea of the dictatorship
of the proletariat. After the victory of the socialist revolution in
Russia they began to fight against Soviet power.</p>

62

technique. Communist subbotniks are extraordinarily


valuable as the <em>actual</em> beginning of <em>communism;</em> and this
<em>is</em> a very rare thing, because we are in a stage when &quot;only
the <em>first steps</em> in the transition from capitalism to
communism are being taken&quot; (as our Party programme quite
rightly says).</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> Communism begins when the <em>rank-and-file workers</em>


begin to display a self-sacrificing concern that is
undaunted by arduous toil for increasing productivity of labour,
for husbanding <em>every pood of grain, coal, iron</em> and other
products, which do not accrue to the workers personally
or to their ``close'' kith and kin, but to their ``distant'' kith
and kin, i.e., to society as a whole, to tens and hundreds
of millions of people united first in one socialist state,
and then in a Union of Soviet Republics. .. .</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> ... Fewer pompous phrases, more plain, <em>everyday</em> work,


concern for the pood of grain and the pood of coal! More
concern for supplying this pood of grain and pood of coal
needed by the hungry workers and ragged and barefooted
peasants, not by means of <em>huckstering</em>, not in a capitalist
manner, but by means of the conscious, voluntary,
boundlessly heroic labour of plain working men like the
unskilled labourers and workers of the Moscow-Kazan
Railway....</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> ... Take the position of women. Not a single


democratic party in the world, not even in the most advanced
bourgeois republic, has done in tens of years a hundredth
part of what we did in the very first year we were in power.
We literally did not leave a single stone standing of the
despicable laws which placed women in a position of
inequality, or which restricted divorce and surrounded it

63

with disgusting formalities, or which denied recognition


to illegitimate children and enforced a search for their
fathers, etc.-laws, numerous survivals of which, to the
shame of the bourgeoisie and of capitalism be it said,
are to be found in all civilised countries. We have a

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
thousand times the right to be proud of what we have
done in this sphere. But the more <em>thoroughly</em> we have
cleared the ground of the lumber of the old, bourgeois,
laws and institutions, the clearer it is to us that we
have only cleared the ground to build on, but are not
yet building.</p>

<p> Notwithstanding all the laws emancipating woman, she


continues to be a <em>domestic slave</em>, because <em>petty housework</em>
crushes, strangles, stultifies and degrades her, chains her
to the kitchen and to the nursery, and wastes her labour
on barbarously unproductive, petty, nerve-racking,
stultifying and crushing drudgery. The real <em>emancipation of
women</em>, real communism, will begin only where and when
a mass struggle begins (led by the proletariat wielding
the power of the state) against this petty domestic economy,
or rather when its <em>wholesale transformation</em> into
largescale socialist economy begins.</p>

<p> Do we in practice pay sufficient attention to this


question, which, theoretically, is indisputable for every
Communist? Of course not. Are we sufficiently solicitous about
the young <em>shoots</em> of communism which already exist in
this sphere? Again we must say emphatically. No! Public
dining rooms, creches, kindergartens-here we have
examples of these shoots, here we have the simple,
everyday means, involving nothing pompous, grandiloquent or
ceremonial, which can <em>in actual fact emancipate women</em>,
which can in actual fact lessen and abolish their inequality
with men as regards their role in social production and
public life....</p>

64

__ALPHA_LVL2__
From the Article
<br /> &quot;The Workers' State and Party Week&quot;

<p> ... We do not need fictitious Party members even as a


gift. Our Party, the Party of the revolutionary working
class, is the only government party in the world which is
concerned not in increasing its membership but in
improving its quality, and in purging itself of ``self-seekers''.
We have more than once carried out re-registration of Party
members in order to get rid of these ``self-seekers'' and to
leave in the Party only politically enlightened elements
who are sincerely devoted to communism. We have further
taken advantage of the mobilisations for the front and of
the subbotniks to purge the Party of those who are only
&quot;out for&quot; the benefits accruing to membership of a
government party and do not want to bear the burden of
selfsacrificing work in behalf of communism.</p>

<p> And at this juncture, when intensified mobilisation for

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
the front is in progress. Party Week is a good thing
because it offers no temptation to the self-seekers. We
extend a broad invitation into the Party only to the
rankand-file workers and to the poor peasants, to the
labouring peasants, <em>but not</em> to the peasant profiteers. We do not
promise and do not give these rank-and-file members any
advantages from joining the Party. On the contrary, just
now harder and more dangerous work than usual falls to
the lot of Party membe'rs.</p>

<p> All the better. Only sincere supporters of communism,


only persons who are conscientiously devoted to the
workers' state, only honest working people, only genuine
representatives of the masses that were oppressed under
capitalism will join the Party.</p>

<p> And it is only such members that we need in the


Party___</p>

__PRINTERS_P_65_COMMENT__
5-2618

65

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Article
<br /> &quot;Results of the Party Week in Moscow,
<br /> and Our</b> Tasks&quot;

<p> . .. Vanguard sections of the proletariat, holding the


reins of state power, have by their example shown the
mass of the working people during two whole years (a
tremendous period for our exceptionally rapid rate of
political development) a <em>model</em> of such devotion to the
interests of the working people, of such energy. in the
struggle against enemies of the working people (
exploiters in general and ``proprietors'' and profiteers in
particular), of such firmness in difficult moments, of such selfless
courage in rebuffing the brigands of world imperialism,
that the power of the <em>sympathy</em> of the workers and
peasants for their vanguard has <em>by itselt</em> proved capable
of <em>performing miracles</em>.</p>

<p> For this is a miracle: the workers who experienced the


unprecedented torments of famine, cold, ruin and
devastation, not only retain their staunch morale, all their
loyalty to Soviet Government, all the energy of self ^
sacrifice and heroism, but are also taking upon themselves, in
spite of all their unpreparedness and inexperience, the
burden of steering the ship of state! And this at a time
when the storm is furiously raging. ...</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Speech at the First

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<br /> All-Russian Inaugural Congress of Mineworkers</b>

<p> ... At every difficult moment during the war, the Party
mobilised the Communists, and it was they who were the
first to perish in the front ranks; they perished in
thousands on the Yudenich and Kolchak fronts; the, finest

66

people of the working class perished, those who sacrificed


themselves realising that they would die but save
generations, save thousands upon thousands of workers
and peasants. They branded with ignominy and hounded
the self-seekers, those who during the war were concerned
for their own skins, and mercilessly shot them. We are
proud of this dictatorship, of this iron power of the
workers who declared: we overthrew the capitalists and we
shall lay down our lives at their slightest attempt to restore
their power again. No one starved as much in these two
years as the workers of Petrograd, Moscow and
IvanovoVoznesensk. It has now been calculated that in these two
years they received not more than 7 poods of bread a year,
while the peasants of the grain gubernias ate not less than
17 poods. The workers made great sacrifices, suffered
disease and the death rate among them increased, and
they will prove that the workers rose in revolt against the
capitalists not out of feelings of revenge, but out of their
inflexible determination to create a new social order in
which there would be no landlords and capitalists. It was
for this that the sacrifices were made; only thanks to
these unprecedented sacrifices which, moreover, were made
consciously, voluntarily and were consolidated by the
discipline of the Red Army, which did not resort to the
old methods of discipline, only thanks to these greatest
sacrifices did the vanguard workers maintain their
dictatorship and win for themselves the right to the respect of the
workers of the entire world. It should not be forgotten by
those who particularly slander the Bolsheviks that the
dictatorship meant the greatest sacrifices, the greatest
starvation for the workers themselves, for those who
exercised it. The Ivanovo-Voznesensk, Petrograd and Moscow
workers suffered in those two years more than anyone else
ever suffered in the struggle on the Red fronts....</p>

67

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Article
<br /> &quot;From the Destruction of the Age-Old
<br /> Order to the Creation of the</b> New&quot;

<p> ... Communist labour in the narrower and stricter sense


of the word is unpaid labour for the benefit of society,
labour performed not as a compulsory duty, not in order

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
to have the right to a certain amount of products, not
according to previously established and accepted quotas,
but labour that is voluntary, labour without quotas, labour
performed without expecting remuneration, without any
condition about remuneration, labour performed out of a
habit of working for the common good, out of a conscious
attitude (that has become a habit) to the need to work for
the common good, labour as the requirement of the healthy
organism....</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From the Article
<br /> &quot;From the First Subbotnik
<br /> on the Moscow-Kazan Railway
<br /> to the All-Russian May-Day Subbotnik&quot;</b>

<p> ..-. We shall work so as to root out the cursed rule:


&quot;each for himself and the devil take the hindmost&quot;, in
order to eradicate the habit of regarding labour merely as
a compulsory duty, and considering as rightful only that
labour which is paid for at a definite rate. We shall work
in order to introduce in the minds, habits and daily life
of the masses the rule: &quot;all for one and one for all&quot;, the
rule: &quot;from each according to his ability, to each
according to his needs&quot;, in order gradually but inflexibly to
introduce communist discipline and communist labour....</p>

68

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>V. I. Lenin on Communist Morality</b>
<br /> (FROM CLARA ZETKIN'S REMINISCENCES)

<p> ... Lenin resumed the thread of his thoughts.</p>

<p> ``Yes, yes; I know that,&quot; he said, &quot;I too am badly


suspected of philistinism on that account.^^*^^ But I don't
get excited over that. Yellow-beaked fledglings who have
just about been hatched from their bourgeois-tained eggs
are all so terribly clever. We have to reconcile ourselves to
this without mending our ways. The youth movement is
also sick from the modern treatment of the sex problem
and the excessive interest in it.''</p>

<p> Lenin emphasised the word ``modern'' with an ironical,


deprecating gesture.</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> .. .&quot;In the atmosphere created by the aftermath of war


and incipient revolution old ideological values tumble,
losing their power of restraint. New values crystallise
slowly, by struggle. Views on relations between man and man,
and relations between man and woman, are becoming

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
revolutionised; feelings and thoughts are also becoming
revolutionised. New delimitations are being set up between
the rights of the individual and the rights of the collective
body, and hence also the duties of the individual. This
is the slow and often very painful process of passing away
and coming into being. All this applies also to the .field
of sex relations, marriage, family. The decay, putrescence,
filth of bourgeois marriage with its difficult dissolution,
its liberty for the husband and bondage for the wife, and

_-_-_

<p>

^^*^^ On account of Lenin's sharp criticism of those Social-Democrats


who, during the hardest years of revolutionary struggle put in the
forefront problems of love and marriage.</p>

69

its detestably false sex morality and relations fill the best
representatives of humanity with the utmost loathing....</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> . . .&quot;In the sphere of marriage and sexual relations a


revolution is approaching in keeping with the proletarian
revolution. Naturally the exceedingly tangled
interlacement of questions thus brought to the fore deeply engrosses
both women and the youth. Both the former and the latter
suffer greatly from the messy state of sex relations. The
youth is up in arms against this with the impetuosity
characteristic of it. That is understandable. Nothing would
be more false than to begin to preach to the youth monastic
asceticism and the sanctity of filthy bourgeois morals.
However one would hardly say it was a good, thing that
in these years sex problems, violently pushed into the
limelight by natural causes, were becoming the central feature
of youth psychology. The consequences are sometimes
nothing short of fatal. Just ask Comrade Lilina about it.
She should have some experience from her extensive work
in different educational institutions, and you know that she
is a real Communist and has no prejudices.</p>

<p> ``Youth's changed attitude to questions of sexual life


is of course based, 'as a matter of principle', on theory.
Many call their position `revolutionary' and `communist'.
They sincerely believe that this is so. <em>I</em>, an old man, am
not impressed by this. Although I am anything but a
morose ascetic, yet quite frequently this so-called 'new sex
life' of the youth-and often enough of grown-ups
tooseems to me purely bourgeois, seems to me to be just a
variety of the good old bourgeois brothel. All this has not
the faintest resemblance to free love, as we Communists

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
understand it. You of course have heard about the famous
theory that in communist society satisfying one's sexual
desire and craving for love is as simple and trivial as

70

drinking a glass of water. Our youth has gone mad,


absolutely mad, over this `glass-of-water' theory. It has proved
fatal to many a boy and girl. Its devotees assert that
it is a Marxist theory. Thanks for such `Marxism', which
deduces all phenomena and all changes in the ideological
superstructure of society directly, straight and unfailingly
from this one and only source-the economic basis. This
is not at all such a simple matter. A certain Frederick
Engels long ago established this truth, which concerns
historical materialism.</p>

<p> ``I do not consider the famous `glass-of-water' theory as


Marxist at all and besides think it is anti-social. What
manifests itself in sex life is not only the contribution made
by nature but also an admixture derived from culture, be
it on a high level or low. Engels pointed out in his <em>Origin
of the Family</em> how significant it was that simple sexual
inclination developed into individual sex love and became
refined. Relations between the sexes are not simply a game
between social economics and a physical want. To strive
to reduce changes in these relations, taken in isolation from
their general connection with the whole of ideology,
directly to the economic basis of society would not be Marxism
but rationalism. Of course thirst must be quenched. But
will a normal person under normal conditions lie down in
the gutter and drink from a puddle? Or even from a glass
the edge of which has been touched by dozens of lips? But
the social aspect is the most important. Drinking water is
really an individual matter. But in love-making two take
part and a third, a new life, comes into being. Herein lies
a social interest; a duty to the collective body arises.</p>

<p> ``As a Communist I do not like the `glass-of-water'


theory in the least despite its beautiful label: 'emancipated
love.' Moreover, it is neither new nor communistic.
Perhaps you will recall that this theory was disseminated

71

in fine literature about the middle of the past century as


the 'emancipation of the heart'. In bourgeois practice it
was turned into the emancipation of the body. It was
preached with much more talent than now. How things are
with the practice of it <em>I</em> am unable to judge.</p>

<p> ``Not that I want my criticism to breed asceticism. That


never occurred to me. Communism ought to bring with it
not asceticism but joy of life and good cheer called forth,

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
among other things, by a life replete with love. However,
in my opinion the plethora of sex life observable today
brings neither joy of life nor cheerfulness, but on the
contrary diminishes them. In revolutionary times this is bad,
very bad, indeed.</p>

<p> ``The. youth is particularly in need of joy of life and


cheerfulness. Healthy sports: gymnastics, swimming,
excursions, physical exercise of every description; also a
diversity of intellectual pursuits: teaching, criticism, research;
and all of this in combination, as far as possible. That will
mean more to the youth than eternal lectures and
discussions on sex problems and so-called 'utilisation of life'.
<em>Metis sana in corpoie sano</em>. Neither monk nor Don Juan
nor yet a German philistine to act the part of a mean. After
all, you know young Comrade XYZ. A handsome, highly
gifted youth. Yet I am afraid that in spite of all he will
never amount to anything. He has one love affair after
another. No good will come of this, neither for the
political struggle nor for the revolution. Nor will I vouch for
the reliability or staunchness in the struggle of women
whose personal romance is intertwined with politics, or for
men who run after every petticoat, and allow themselves
to be mixed up with every slip of a girl. No, no; that does
not go well together with revolution.''</p>

<p> Lenin jumped up, striking the table with his hand, and
walked a few steps up and down the room.</p>

72

<p> ``The revolution demands ot the masses and the


individual concentration, the straining of every nerve. It does not
tolerate orgiastic states like those habitual with the
decadent heroes and heroines of d'Annunzio.^^*^^ Laxity in
sexual matters is bourgeois; it is a sign of degeneration. The
proletariat is an ascending class. It requires no intoxicant
to stun or excite it. It has no need of intoxication either by
sexual looseness or by means of alcohol. It does not dare
and does not want to forget the vileness, filth, and barbarity
of capitalism. It derives its strongest stimulants to struggle
from the position of its class, from the communist ideal.
What it needs is clarity, clarity, and once more-clarity.
Therefore, I repeat: there must be no weakness, no waste
or destruction of energy. Self-possession, self-discipline
are not slavery; they are necessary also in love....</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> ``... Very few husbands, even in proletarian circles,


think of how greatly they could lighten the burdens and
worries of their wives or relieve them entirely if they
would lend a hand in this 'women's work'. But no, that
would be against the 'rights and dignity of the husband'.

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
He demands that he have rest and comfort. The domestic
life of woman is a daily sacrifice of self in thousands of
insignificant trifles. The ancient rights of her husband,
her lord and master, continue to assert themselves in
concealed form. His slave objectively takes revenge of him,
also in concealed form: woman's backwardness, her lack
of understanding of her husband's revolutionary ideals is
a drag on his good spirits and determination to fight. They
are the tiny worms which imperceptibly, slowly but surely
gnaw and undermine....''</p>

_-_-_

<p> ^^*^^ Gabriele d'Annunzio (1863-1938)-a decadent Italian writer and


ideologist of fascism.</p>

73

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>The Tasks of the Youth Leagues</b>
<br class="bullet" /> FROM THE SPEECH DELIVERED
<br /> AT THE THIRD ALL-RUSSIAN CONGRESS
<br /> OF THE RUSSIAN YOUNG COMMUNIST LEAGUE,
<br /> OCTOBER 2, 1920

<p> ... You can become a Communist only when you enrich
your mind with the knowledge of all the treasures created
by mankind....</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> ... If a Communist took it into his head to boast about


his communism because of the ready-made conclusions he
had acquired, without putting in a great deal of serious and
hard work, without understanding the facts which he must
examine critically, he would be a very deplorable
Communist. Such superficiality would be decidedly fatal. If
I know that I know little, <em>I</em> shall strive to learn more; but
if a man says that he is a Communist and that he need
know nothing thoroughly, he will never be anything like
a Communist....</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> .. . But is there such a thing as communist ethics? Is


there such a thing as communist morality? Of course, there
is. It is often made to appear that we have no ethics of
our own; and very often the bourgeoisie accuse us
Communists of repudiating all ethics. This is a method of
shuffling concepts, of throwing dust in the eyes of the
workers and peasants.</p>

<p> In what sense do we repudiate ethics and morality?</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> In the sense in which it is preached by the bourgeoisie,
who derived ethics from 'God's commandments. We, of
course, say that we do not believe in God, and that we
know perfectly well that the clergy, the landlords and the
bourgeoisie spoke in the name of God in pursuit of their
own interests as exploiters. Or instead of deriving ethics

74

from the commandments of morality, from the


commandments of God, they derived them from idealist or
semiidealist phrases, which always amounted to something
very similar to God's commandments.</p>

<p> We repudiate all morality taken apart from human


society and classes. We say that it is a deception, a fraud,
a befogging of the minds of the workers and peasants in
the interests of the landlords and capitalists.</p>

<p> We say that our morality is entirely subordinated to


the interests of the class struggle of the proletariat. Our
morality is derived from the interests of the class struggle
of the proletariat.. ..</p>

<p> ... The class struggle is continuing and it is our task


to subordinate all interests to this struggle. And we
subordinate our communist morality to this task. We say:
morality is what serves to destroy the old exploiting
society and to unite all the toilers around the proletariat,
which is building up a new, communist society.</p>

<p> Communist morality is the morality which serves this


struggle, which unites the toilers against all exploitation,
against all small property; for small property puts into the
hands of one person what has been created by the labour
of the whole of society. In our country the land is common
property.</p>

<p> But suppose I take a piece of this common property


and grow on it twice as much grain as I need and profiteer
in the surplus? Suppose I argue that the more starving
people there are, the most they will pay? Would I then be
behaving like a Communist? No, I would be behaving like
an exploiter, like a proprietor. This must be combated.
If this is allowed to go on things will slide back to the
rule of the capitalists, to the rule of the bourgeoisie, as
has more than once happened in previous revolutions. And

75

in order to prevent the restoration of the rule of the


capitalists and the bourgeoisie we must not allow
profiteering, we must not allow individuals to enrich themselves
at the expense of the rest, and the toilers must unite with

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
the proletariat and form a communist society....</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> ... When people talk to us about morality, we say: for


the Communist, morality lies entirely in this solid, united
discipline and conscious mass struggle against the
exploiters. We do not believe in an eternal morality, and we
expose the deceit of all the fables about morality. Morality
serves the purpose of helping human society to rise to a
higher level and to get rid of the exploitation of labour....</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> ...The training of the communist youth must consist


not in giving them sentimental speeches and moral
precepts. This is not what training consists in. When people
saw how their fathers and mothers lived under the yoke
of the landlords and capitalists, when they themselves
experienced the sufferings that befell those who started the
struggle against the exploiters, when they saw what
sacrifices the continuation of this struggle entailed in
order to defend what had been won, and when they saw
what frenzied foes the landlords and capitalists are-they
were trained in this environment to become Communists.
The basis of communist morality is the struggle for the
consolidation and completion of communism. That too is
the basis of communist training, education, and teaching.
That is the reply to the question how communism should
be learnt....</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> ... But our school must impart to the youth the
fundamentals of knowledge, the ability to work out communist
views independently; it must make educated people of

76

them. In the time during which people attend school, it


must train them to be participants in the struggle for
emancipation from the exploiters. The Young Communist
League will justify its name as the league of the young
communist generation only when it links up every step
of its teaching, training and education with participation
in the general struggle of all the toilers against the
exploiters...</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> ... Thus, to be a Communist means that you must


organise and unite the whole rising generation and set an
example of training and discipline in this struggle. Then you
will be able to start building the edifice of communist

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
society and bring it to completion....</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> ... The generation which is now about fifty years old
cannot expect to see the communist society. This
generation will die out before then. But the generation which is
now fifteen years old will see the communist society, and
will itself build this society. And it must know that the
whole purpose of its life is to build this society. In the
old society work was carried on by separate families, and
nobody united their labour except the landlords and
capitalists, who oppressed the masses of the people. We
must organise all labour, no matter how dirty and arduous
it may be, in such a way that every worker and peasant
may say: I am part of the great army of free labour, and I
can build my life without the landlords and capitalists, I
can establish the communist system. The Young
Communist League must train everybody to conscious and
disciplined labour from an early age. In this way we shall
be sure that the problems that are now confronting us will
be solved. We must assume that no less than ten years
will be required for the electrification of the country, so

77

that our impoverished land may be served by the latest


achievements of technology. And so, the generation which
is now fifteen years old, and which in ten or twenty years'
time will be living in communist society, must approach
all their tasks in education in such a way that every day,
in every village and in every town, the young people shall
engage in the practical solution of some problem of
common labour, even though the smallest, even though the
simplest. To the extent that this is done in every village,
to the extent that communist emulation develops, to the
extent that the youth prove that they can unite their labour,
to that extent will the success of communist construction
be ensured....</p>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
From the Report
<br /> ``The New Economic Policy
<br /> and the Tasks of Political Education&quot;
<br /> Delivered at the Second All-Russian Congress
<br /> of Political Education Workers

<h3>
... THE THREE MAIN ENEMIES
</h3>

<p> <em>October 17,1921</em></p>

<p> In my view, there are three main enemies which now

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
face man irrespective of his departmental role, tasks which
confront the political education worker if he is a
Communist, and most of them are. The three main enemies
facing him are the following: the first-communist conceit;
the second-illiteracy, and the third-bribery....</p>

[78]

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>PROBLEMS OF MORALITY
<br /> AND EDUCATION IN THE PROGRAMME
<br /> OF THE C.P.S.U.</b>

__ALPHA_LVL3__
V. The Tasks of the Party
<br /> in the Spheres of Ideology, Education,
<br /> Instruction, Science, and Culture

<p> Soviet society has made great progress in the' socialist


education of the masses, in the moulding of active builders
of socialism. But even after the socialist system has
triumphed there persist in the minds and behaviour of
people survivals of capitalism, which hamper the progress
of society.</p>

<p> In the struggle for the victory of communism,


ideological work becomes an increasingly powerful factor. The
higher the social consciousness of the members of society,
the more fully and broadly their creative activities come
into play in the building of the material and technical
basis of communism, in the development of communist
forms of labour and new relations between people, and,
consequently, the more rapidly and successfully the
building of communism proceeds.</p>

79

<p> The Party considers that the paramount task in the


ideological field in the present period is to educate all
working people in a spirit of ideological integrity and
devotion to communism, and cultivate in them a
communist attitude to labour and the social economy; to
eliminate completely the survivals of .bourgeois views and
morals; to ensure the all-round, harmonious development
of the individual; to create a truly rich spiritual culture.
Special importance is attached by the Party to the
moulding of the rising generation.</p>

<p> The moulding of the new man is effected through his


own active participation in communist construction and
the development of communist principles in the economic
and social spheres, under the influence of the educational
work carried out by the Party, the state, and various
social organisations, work in which the press, radio, cinema

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
and television play an important part. As communist
forms of social organisation are created, communist ideas
will become more firmly rooted in life and work and in
human relations, and people will develop the ability to
enjoy the benefits of communism in a rational way. Joint
planned labour by the members of society, their daily
participation in the management of state and public
affairs, and the development of communist relations of
comradely co-operation and mutual support, recast the
minds of people in a spirit of collectivism, industry, and
humanism.</p>

<p> Increased communist consciousness of the people


furthers the ideological and political unity of the workers,
collective farmers, and intellectuals and promotes their
gradual fusion in the single collective of the working
people of communist society.</p>

<p> The Party sets the following tasks:</p>

80

<h4>
1. In the Field of Development of Communist Consciousness</h4>

<p> (a) <em>The Shaping ot a Scientific World Outlook</em>. Under


socialism and at a time when a communist society is being
built, when spontaneous economic development has given
way to the conscious organisation of production and social
life as a whole, and when theory is daily translated into
practice, it is of prime importance that a scientific world
outlook be shaped in all working people of Soviet society
on the basis of Marxism^Leninism, an integral and
harmonious system of philosophical, economic and
sociopolitical views. The Party calls for the education of the
population as a whole in the spirit of scientific communism
and strives to ensure that all working people fully
understand the course and perspectives of world development,
that they take a correct view of international and
domestic events and consciously build their life on communist
lines. Communist ideas and communist deeds should blend
organically in the behaviour of every person and in the
activities of all collectives and organisations.</p>

<p> The theoretical elaboration and timely practical


solution of new problems raised by life are essential to the
successful advance of society to communism. Theory must
continue to illumine the road of practice, and help detect
and eliminate obstacles and difficulties hindering
sucessful communist construction. The Party regards it as one of
its most important duties to further elaborate
MarxistLeninist theory by studying and generalising new
phenomena in the life of Soviet society and the experience of
the world revolutionary working-class and liberation

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
movements, and creatively to combine the theory and the
practice of communist construction.</p>

<p> (b) <em>Labour Education</em>. The Party sees the development


of a communist attitude to labour in all members of

__PRINTERS_P_81_COMMENT__
6-2618

81

society as its chief educational task. Labour for the benefit


of society is the sacred duty of all. Any labour for society,
whether physical or mental, is honourable and commands
respect. Exemplary labour and management in the social
economy should serve to educate all working people.</p>

<p> Everything required for life and human progress is


created by labour. Hence every able-bodied man must
take part in creating the means which are indispensable
for his life and work and for the welfare of society.
Anyone who received any benefits from society without doing
his share of work, would be a parasite living at the
expense of others.</p>

<p> It is. impossible for a man in communist society not


to work, for neither his social consciousness, nor public
opinion would permit it. Work according to one's ability
will become a habit, a prime necessity of life, for every
member of society.</p>

<p> (c) <em>The At&amp;rmation oi Communist Morality</em>. In the


course of transition to communism, the moral principles
of society become increasingly important; the sphere of
action of the moral factor expands and the importance of
the administrative control of human relations diminishes
accordingly. The Party will encourage all forms of
conscious civic self-discipline leading to the assertion and
promotion of the basic rules of the communist way of life.</p>

<p> The Communists reject the class morality of the


exploiters; in contrast to the perverse, selfish views and
morals of the old world, they promote communist morality,
which is the noblest and most just morality, for it
expresses the interests and ideals of the whole of working
mankind. Communism makes the elementary standards of
morality and justice, which were distorted or shamelessly
flouted under the rule of the exploiters, inviolable rules
for relations both between individuals and between

82

peopies. Communist morality encompasses the fundamental


norms of human morality which the masses of the people

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
evolved in the course of millenniums as they fought
against vice and social oppression. The revolutionary
morality of the working class is of particular importance to
the moral advancement of society. As socialist and
communist construction progresses, communist morality is
enriched with new principles, a new content.</p>

<p> The Party holds that <em>the moral code oi the builder oi
communism</em> should comprise the following principles:</p>

<p> devotion to the communist cause; love of the socialist


motherland and of the other socialist countries;</p>

<p> conscientious labour for the good of society---he who


does not work, neither shall he eat;</p>

<p> concern on the part of everyone for the preservation


and growth of public wealth;</p>

<p> a high sense of public duty; intolerance of actions


harmful to the public interest;</p>

<p> collectivism and comradely mutual assistance: one for


all and all for one;</p>

<p> humane relations and mutual respect between


individuals-man is to man a friend, comrade and brother;</p>

<p> honesty and truthfulness, moral purity, modesty, and


unpretentiousness in social and private life;</p>

<p> mutual respect in the family, and concern for the


upbringing of children,-</p>

<p> an uncompromising attitude to injustice, parasitism,


dishonesty, careerism and money-grubbing;</p>

<p> friendship and brotherhood among all peoples of the


U.S.S.R.; intolerance of national and racial hatred;</p>

<p> an uncompromising attitude to the enemies of


communism, peace and the freedom of nations,-</p>

<p> fraternal solidarity with the working people of all


countries, and with all peoples.</p>

83

<p> (d) <em>The Promotion oi Proletarian Internationalism and


Socialist Patriotism</em>. The Party will untiringly educate
Soviet people in the spirit of proletarian internationalism
and will vigorously promote the international solidarity
of the working people. In fostering the Soviet people's
love of their country, the Party maintains that with the

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
emergence of the world socialist system the patriotism of
the members of socialist society is expressed in devotion
and loyalty to their own country and to the entire
community of socialist countries. Socialist patriotism and
socialist internationalism necessarily imply proletarian
solidarity with the working class and all working people
of all &quot;countries. The Party will continue perseveringly to
combat the reactionary ideology of bourgeois nationalism,
racism, and cosmopolitanism.</p>

<p> (e) <em>All-Round and Harmonious Development oi the


Individual</em>. In the period of transition to communism, there
are greater opportunities of <em>educating a new man, who
will harmoniously combine spiritual wealth, moral purity
and a periect physique</em>.</p>

<p> All-round development of the individual has been made


possible by historic social gains---freedom from
exploitation, unemployment and poverty, from discrimination on
account of sex, origin, nationality or race. Every member
of society is provided with equal opportunities for
education and creative labour. Relations of dependence and
inequality between people in public affairs and in family
life disappear. The personal dignity of each citizen is
protected by society. Each is guaranteed an equal and free
choice of occupation and profession with due regard to
the interests of society. As less and less time is spent on
material production, the individual is afforded ever
greater opportunities to develop his abilities, gifts, and talents
in the fields of production, science, engineering, literature,

84

and the arts. People will increasingly devote their leisure


to public pursuits, cultural intercourse, intellectual and
physical development, scientific, technical and artistic
endeavour. Physical training and sports will become part
and parcel of the everyday life of people.</p>

<p> (f) <em>Elimination of the Survivals oi Capitalism in the


Minds and Behaviour oi People</em>. The Party considers it an
integral part of its communist education work to combat
manifestations of bourgeois ideology and morality, and
the remnants of private-owner psychology, superstitions,
and prejudices.</p>

<p> The general public, public opinion, and extensive


criticism and self-criticism must play a big role in
combating survivals of the past and manifestations of
individualism and selfishness. Comradely censure of anti-social
behaviour will gradually become the principal means of
doing away with manifestations of bourgeois views,
customs and habits. The power of example in public affairs
and in private life, in the performance of one's public duty,

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
acquires tremendous educational significance.</p>

<p> The Party uses ideological media to educate people in


the spirit of a scientific materialist world conception to
overcome religious prejudices without insulting the
sentiments of believers. It is necessary to conduct regularly
broad atheistic propaganda on a scientific basis, to explain
patiently the untenability of religious beliefs, which were
engendered in the past when people were overawed by
the elemental forces and social oppression and did not
know the real causes of natural and social phenomena.
This can be done by making use of the achievements of
modern science, which is steadily solving the mysteries
of the universe and extending man's power over nature
leaving no room for religious inventions about
supernatural forces.</p>

85

<p> (g) <em>The Exposure of Bourgeois Ideology</em>. The peaceful


coexistence of states with different social systems does not
imply any easing of the ideological struggle. The
Communist Party will go on <em>exposing the anti-popular,
reactionary nature of capitalism</em> and all attempts to paint
bright pictures of the capitalist system.</p>

<p> The Party will <em>steadfastly popularise the great


advantages of socialism and communism over the declining
capitalist system</em>.</p>

<p> The Party advances the scientific ideology of


communism in contrast to reactionary bourgeois ideology.
Communist ideology, which expresses the fundamental
interests of the working class and all working people, teaches
them to struggle, to live and work for the happiness of
all. It is the most humane ideology. Its ideals are to
establish truly human relations between individuals and
peoples, to deliver mankind from the threat of wars of
extermination, and bring about universal peace and a
free, happy life for all men on earth.</p>

<h4>
<b>2. In the Field of Public Education</b></h4>

<p> The transition to communism implies training that will


make people communist-minded and highly-cultured,
people fit for both physical and mental labour, for active
work in various social, governmental, scientific, and
cultural spheres.</p>

<p> The system of public education is so organised as to


ensure that the instruction and education of the rising'
generation are closely bound up with life and productive
labour, and that the adult population can combine work

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
in the sphere of production with further training and
education in keeping with their vocations and the
requirements of society. Public education along these lines will</p>

86

make for the moulding of harmoniously developed


members of communist society and for the solution of a
cardinal social problem, namely, the elimination of
substantial distinctions between mental and physical labour.</p>

<p> The main tasks in the field of instruction and


education are:</p>

<p> (a) <em>Introduction of Universal Compulsory Secondary


Education</em>. In the next decade compulsory secondary
general and polytechnical eleven-year education is to be
introduced for all children of school age, and eight-year
education for young people engaged in the national
economy who have not had the appropriate schooling; in the
subsequent decade every one will have the opportunity
to receive a complete'secondary education. Universal
secondary education is guaranteed by the development of
general and polytechnical education, professional training
combined with socially useful labour of school children to
the extent of their physical capacity, and a considerable
expansion of the network of all types of general schools,
including evening schools, which provide a secondary
education in off-work hours.</p>

<p> Secondary education must furnish a solid knowledge of


the fundamentals of the basic sciences, and understanding
of the principles of the communist world outlook, and a
labour and polytechnical training in accordance with the
rising level of science and engineering, with due regard
to the needs of society and to the abilities and inclinations
of the students, as well as the moral, aesthetic and physical
education of a healthy rising generation.</p>

<p> In view of the rapid progress of science and


engineering, the system of industrial, professional and vocational
training should be improved continuously, so that the
skills of those engaged in production may develop
together with their better general education in the social and

87

natural sciences and with the acquisition of specialised


knowledge in engineering, agronomy, medicine, and other
fields.</p>

<p> (b) <em>The Public Upbringing of Children of Pre-School


and School Age</em>. The communist system of public
education is based on the public upbringing of children. The

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
educational influence which the family exerts on children
must be brought into ever greater harmony with their
public upbringing.</p>

<p> The growing number of pre-school institutions and


boarding-schools of different types will fully meet the
requirements of all working people who wish to give their
children of pre-school and school age a public upbringing.
The importance of the school, which is to cultivate love
of labour and knowledge in children and to raise the
younger generation in the spirit of communist
consciousness and morality, will increase. An honourable and
responsible role in this respect falls to teachers, and to
the Komsomol and Young Pioneer organisations.</p>

<p> (c) <em>Creation of Conditions for High-Standard


Instruction and Education of the Rising Generation</em>. The Party
plans to carry out an extensive programme for the
construction of schools and cultural-education establishments
to meet fully the needs of education and instruction. All
schools will be housed in good buildings and will go over
to a one-shift time-table. They will all have study
workshops and chemical, physical and other laboratories; rural
schools will also have their own farming plots; large
factories will have production training shops for school
children. Modern facilities-cinema, radio, and television-will
be widely used in schools.</p>

<p> For physical training and aesthetic education, all schools


and extra-school establishments will have gymnasiums,
sports grounds and facilities for the creative endeavour

88

of children in music, painting, sculpture, etc. The network


of sports schools, sports grounds, tourist camps, skiing
centres, aquatic stations, swimming pools, and other sports
facilities will be expanded in town and countryside.</p>

<p> (d) <em>Higher and Secondary Special Education</em>. In step


with scientific and technical progress, higher and
secondary special education, which must train highly-skilled
specialists with a broad theoretical and political background,
will be expanded.</p>

<p> Shorter working hours and a considerable improvement


in the standard of living of the entire population will
provide everyone with an opportunity to receive a higher
or secondary special education if he so desires. The
number of higher and secondary specialised schools, evening
and correspondence schools in particular, as well as
higher schools at factories, agricultural institutes (on large
state farms), studios, conservatoires, etc., must be
increased in all areas of the country with the support of

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
factories and trade unions and other social organisations.
The plan is to considerably increase every year the
number of students at higher and secondary specialised
schools; special education will be afforded to tens of
millions of people.</p>

__ALPHA_LVL3__
<b>... 4. In the Field of Cultural Development,
<br /> Literature and Art</b>

<p> Cultural development during the full-scale construction


of communist society will constitute the closing stage of
a great cultural revolution. At this stage all the
necessary ideological and cultural conditions will be created for
the victory of communism.</p>

<p> The growth of the productive forces, progress in


engineering and in the organisation of production, increased

89

social activity of the working people, development of the


democratic principles of self-government, and a
communist reorganisation of everyday life depend in very large
measure on the cultural advancement of the population.</p>

<p> Absorbing and developing all the best that has been
created by world culture, communist culture will be a
new, higher stage in the cultural progress of mankind. It
will embody the versatility and richness of the spiritual
life of society, and the lofty ideals and humanism of the
new world. It will be the culture of a classless society, a
culture of the entire people, of all mankind.</p>

<p> (a) <em>All-Round Advancement of the Cultural Life of


Society</em>. In the period of transition to communism, creative
effort in all fields of culture becomes particularly fruitful
and accessible to all members of society. Soviet literature,
music, painting, cinema and theatre, television and all
the other arts, will attain higher standards in their
ideological make-up and artistry. People's theatres, mass
amateur art, technical invention and other forms of creative
endeavour by the people will become widespread. The
advancement of artistic and creative activities among the
masses will ensure the appearance of new gifted writers,
artists, musicians and actors. The development and
enrichment of the arts are based on a combination of mass
amateur endeavour and professional art.</p>

<p> The Party will work unremittingly to ensure that


literature, art, and culture flourish, that every individual is
given full scope to apply his abilities, that the people
are educated aesthetically and develop a fine artistic taste
and cultural habits. The artistic element will ennoble

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
labour still more, make living conditions more attractive,
and lift man up spiritually.</p>

<p> To provide the material basis for cultural development


on a grand scale:</p>

90

__FIX__ These paragraphs start with lower-case


letter; insert "~" before first letter, like this:

<p> ~book publishing and the press will be vigorously


developed, and the printing and paper industries will <em>be</em>
.expanded accordingly:</p>

<p> ~there will be more libraries, lecture halls and


readingrooms, theatres, houses of culture, clubs, and cinemas;</p>

<p> the country-wide radio diffusion network will be


completed; television stations covering all industrial and
agricultural areas will be built;</p>

<p> people's universities, people's theatrical companies, and


other amateur cultural organisations will be widely
developed;</p>

<p> a large network of scientific and technical laboratories


and of art and cinema studios will be provided for the
use of all who have the inclination and ability.</p>

<p> The Party considers it necessary to distribute cultural


institutions evenly throughout the country in order
gradually to bring the cultural standard of the countryside
level with that of the town and achieve rapid cultural
progress in all the newly-developed areas.</p>

<p> (b) <em>Enhancement of the Educational Role of Literature


and Art</em>. Soviet literature and art, imbued with optimism
and dynamic communist ideas, are great factors in
ideological education and cultivate in Soviet people the qualities
of builders of a new world. They must be a source of joy
and inspiration to millions of people, express their will,
their sentiments and ideas, enrich them ideologically and
educate them morally.</p>

<p> The highroad of literature and art lies through the


strengthening of their bond with the life of the people,
through faithful and highly artistic depiction of the
richness and versatility of socialist reality, inspired and
vivid portrayal of all that is new and genuinely
communist, and exposure of all that hinders the progress of
society.</p>

91

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> In the art of socialist realism, which is based on the
principles of partisanship and kinship with the people,
bold pioneering in the artistic depiction of life goes hand
in hand with the cultivation and development of the
progressive traditions of world culture. Writers, artists,
musicians, theatrical workers, and film makers have every
opportunity of displaying creative initiative and skill, using
manifold forms, styles, and genres.</p>

<p> The Communist Party shows solicitude for the proper


development of literature and art and their ideological
and artistic standards, helps social organisations and
literary and art associations in their activities.</p>

<p> (c) <em>The Expansion of International Cultural Relations</em>.


The Party considers it necessary to expand the Soviet
Union's cultural relations with the countries of the
socialist system and with all other countries for the purpose of
pooling scientific and cultural achievements and of
bringing about mutual understanding and friendship among the
peoples....</p>

__ALPHA_LVL3__
<b>. .. VII. The Party in the Period
<br /> of Full-Scale Communist Construction</b>

<p> There must be a new, higher stage in the development


of the Party itself and of its political, ideological, and
organisational work that is in conformity with the
fullscale building of communism. The Party will continuously
improve the forms and methods of its work, so that its
leadership of the masses, of the building of the material
and technical basis of communism, of the development of
society's spiritual life will keep pace with the growing
requirements of the epoch of communist construction.</p>

<p> Being the vanguard of the people building a communist


society, the Party must also be in the van in the

92

organisation of internal Party life and serve as an example and


model in developing the most advanced forms of public
communist self-government.</p>

<p> Undeviating observance of the Leninist standards of


Party life and the principle of collective leadership,
enhancement of the responsibility of Party organs and their
personnel to the Party rank and file, promotion of the
activity -and initiative of all Communists and of their
participation in elaborating and realising the policy of the Party,
and the development of criticism and self-criticism, are a
law of Party life. This is an imperative condition of the

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
ideological and organisational strength of the Party itself,
of the unity and solidarity of Party ranks, of an all-round
development of inner-Party democracy and an activisation
on this basis of all Party forces, and of the strengthening
of ties with the masses... .</p>

<p> .. .(d) To reduce steadily the salaried Party staffs,


enlisting Communists more extensively as non-salaried
workers doing voluntary work.</p>

<p> (e) To develop criticism and self-criticism to the utmost


as a tried and tested method of work and a means of
disclosing and rectifying errors and shortcomings and
properly educating cadres.</p>

<p> In the period of full-scale communist construction the


role and responsibility of every Party member will
steadily increase. It is the duty of a Communist, in production,
in social and personal life, to be a model in the struggle
for the development and consolidation of communist
relations, and to observe the principles and norms of
communist morality. The C.P.S.U. will reinforce its
ranks with the most politically conscious and active
working people, and keep pure and hold high the name of
Communist.</p>

93

<p> The development of inner-Party democracy must ensure


greater activity among Communists and enhance their
responsibility for the realisation of the noble ideals of
communism. It will promote the cultivation in them of an
inner, organic need to act always and in all matters in
full accordance with the principles of the Party and its
lofty aims.</p>

<p> The Party will continue to strengthen the unity and


solidarity of its ranks, and to maintain the purity of
Marxism-Leninism. The Party preserves such organisational
guarantees as are provided by the Rules of the C.P.S.U.
against all manifestations of factionalism and group
activity incompatible with Marxist-Leninist Party principles.
<em>The unshakable ideological and organisational unity of the
Party is the most important source ot its invincibility, a
guarantee tot the successful solution of the great tasks of
communist construction</em>.</p>

<p> The people are the decisive force in the building of


communism. <em>The Party exists for the people, and it is in
serving the people that it sees the purpose of its activity</em>.
To further extend and deepen the ties between the Party
and the people is an imperative condition of success in
the struggle for communism. The Party considers it its
duty always to consult the working people on the major

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
questions of home and foreign policy, to make these
questions an object of nation-wide discussion, and to attract
the more extensive participation of non-Party members in
all its work. The more socialist democracy develops, the
broader and more versatile the work of the Party among
the working people must be, and the stronger will be its
influence among the masses.</p>

<p> The Party will in every way promote the extension, and
improvement of the work of the Soviets, the trade unions,
the Y.C.L., and other mass organisations of working

94

peopie, and the development of the creative energy and


initiative of the masses, and will strengthen the unity and
friendship of all the peoples of the U.S.S.R.</p>

<p> The CJP.SjU. is an integral part of the international


Communist and working-class movement. The tried and
tested Marxist-Leninist principles of proletarian
internationalism will continue to be inviolable principles which
the Party will follow undeviatingly.</p>

<p> The Communist Party of the Soviet Union will continue


to strengthen the unity of the international Communist
movement, to develop fraternal ties with all the Communist
and Workers' Parties and to co-ordinate its actions
with the efforts of all the contingents of the world
communist movement in the joint struggle against the danger
of a new world war, for the interests of the working
people, for peace, democracy, and socialism.</p>

[95]

__ALPHA_LVL1__
<b>DZERZHINSKY,
<br /> FELIX EDMUNDOVICH</b>
<br class="bullet" /> <em>(1877--1926)</em>
<br /> <b>---<em>prominent figure in the
<br /> Communist Party, a Soviet statesman,
<br /> permanent Chairman of the
<br /> All-Russian Extraordinary
<br /> Commission for Combating</em>
<br /> CounterRevolution, <em>Profiteering and
<br /> Sabotage; an ardent fighter for
<br /> the revolution</em>.</b>

__ALPHA_LVL2__
<b>From a Prison Diary</b>

[96]

<IMG src="099-15.jpg" alt="099-15.jpg" style=" width:263.0pt; height:382.6pt;">

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> <b>F&bull;DZERZHINSKY</b></p>

__NOTE__ LVL2 was here, moved above.

<p> <em>April 30, 1908</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. Where lies the way out of the hell of present-day
life, in which the wolfish law of exploitation, oppression
and violence holds sway? The way out lies in the idea of
a life which is based on harmony, a full life enjoyed by
the whole of society, by all mankind; the way out is in
the idea of socialism, the idea of solidarity of the working
people. This idea is already approaching realisation, the
people are ready to receive it with open arms. The time
for it has already arrived. The ranks of the advocates of
this idea must be united and the banner carried aloft so
that the people see it and follow it. And today this is the
most urgent of the tasks of SociaKDemocracy, of the tasks
of the small handful that survives.</p>

__PRINTERS_P_97_COMMENT__
7-2618

97

<p> Socialism should cease to be only the scientific prevision


of the future. It should become the torch that kindles
indomitable faith and energy in the hearts of people....</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> <em>May 10, 1908</em></p>

<p> ... It would not be worthwhile living if the star of


socialism, the star of the future were not shining down on
mankind. For the ``ego'' cannot live if in itself it does not
contain the rest of the world and the people. Such is the
nature of this ``ego''....</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> <em>May 21, 1908</em></p>

<p> <em>. .:</em> It is necessary to instil in the masses our own


confidence in the inevitable bankruptcy of evil, so that they
will be left with no doubt, so that they will come through
this moment in serried ranks, prepared for battle. This is
the task of the theoreticians. But the tasks of the others are
to lay bare and show up this evil, to lay bare the sufferings
and torments of the masses and of the individual fighters
torn from their midst by the enemy, to give them the
meaning they actually have and which gives them the strength
to bear everything courageously, without wavering. Only in

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
this way is it possible to instil in the masses courage and
understanding of the need for struggle. Those who
influence the mind and those who put confidence in victory into
the heart and mind are both needed. Scientists and poets,
teachers and propagandists are needed. I recall the booklet
&quot;From the Battlefield&quot; published by the ``Proletariat''^^*^^
Party, which described the sufferings of the people, the
steadfastness and courage they displayed in the struggle,

_-_-_

<p> ^^*^^ ``Proletariat''-the first revolutionary workers' party in Poland,


formed in the eighties of last century.</p>

98

and the tremendous influence it had. How I would wish


such a booklet to appear now! But now it is more difficult
to collect and compare facts, because they cover so much
ground and there are so many of them. But, on the other
hand, there are greater opportunities and possibilities now.
If someone would undertake this work, or at least only the
guidance of this work, then in a year or two such book
could appear. It would reflect not only our sufferings and
our doctrine, but also that longing for a full and real life
for the sake of which man would readily endure suffering
and sacrifice....</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> <em>December 31, 1908</em></p>

<p> ... I have matured in prison in torments of solitude, in


torments of longing for the world and for life. And, in
spite of this, doubt in the justness of our cause has never
risen in my heart. And now, when perhaps for many years
&quot; all hope is buried in torrents of blood, when they have
been crucified on the gallows, when many thousands of
fighters for freedom are languishing in dungeons or
thrown out into snowbound Siberia-I feel proud. Already
I see tremendous masses set in motion shattering the old
system, masses among whom new forces are being trained
for fresh struggles. I feel proud that I am with them, that
I see, feel and understand them, and that I, too, have
suffered much together with them. It is sometimes hard,
at times even terrible, here in prison.... Yet, if I had to
begin life all over again, I would begin it in the same way.
And not out of a sense of duty, not because I had to. For
me, it is an organic necessity.</p>

__b_b_b__

<p> ... I curse neither my fate nor the many years in


prison, for I know that all this is necessary in order to</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
__PRINTERS_P_99_COMMENT__
7*

[99]

__ALPHA_LVL0__
The End.

[END]

[100]

Emacs-File-stamp: "/home/ysverdlov/leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/20091006/199.tx"

__EMAIL__ webmaster@leninist.biz

__OCR__ ABBYY 6 Professional (2009.10.06)

__WHERE_PAGE_NUMBERS__ bottom

__FOOTNOTE_MARKER_STYLE__ [*]+

__ENDNOTE_MARKER_STYLE__ [0-9]+

<p> destroy the other vast prison which lies outside the walls of
this horrible ``pavilion''. This is not idle philosophising,
not cold calculation, but the result of an indomitable
desire for freedom, for a full life. Out there, comrades and
friends are drinking our health, and I, alone in my cell,
am thinking of them: may they live on, may they forge
the weapons and be worthy of the cause for which the
struggle is being waged....</p>

<p> <em>June</em> 3, <em>1909</em></p>

<p> ... To live-does it not mean to have indomitable faith


in victory?</p>

<p> human heart. And for this reason we love this place of our
execution, for here we made clear to ourselves that the
struggle which brought us here is also the struggle for our
personal happiness, for emancipation from the violence
imposed on us, from the chains that drag us down.</p>

<p> <b>From Letters to Relatives*</b></p>

<p> <b>To A. E. Bulhak**</b></p>

<p> <em>January 25 (13), 1898</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. How is your little Rudolph? He must have grown

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
a lot-does he walk or talk? See that you bring him up so
that he values honesty above all else; such a person feels
happy in all circumstances of life!</p>

<p> <em>September 19 (7), 1898</em></p>

<p> <em>.</em>. .And we, in exile, must now gain in strength,


physically, mentally and morally, in order to be prepared
when the time comes. True, there are few who envy us
our lot, but we who see the bright future of our cause,
who see and realise its might, realise that life has chosen
us to be the fighters, we who are fighting for that better
future would never, never exchange our position for
philistine vegetating. We are least of all made despondent by
the unpleasant side of life, since our life consists in work</p>

<p> <em>August 8, 1909</em></p>

<p> ... In this connection* I am filled with apprehension. I


shall go away, but this terrible life here will continue
as before. This is strange and incomprehensible. It is not
the horrors of this gloomy place that draw one to it, but
the feeling for all the comrades, friends and unknown
neighbours-strangers, yet at the same time near ones.
Here we came to feel and realise how necessary is man to
man, what man means to man. Here we learned to feel
love not for women alone, we learned to be unashamed of
our feelings and of our desire to give people happiness.</p>

<p> . .. And if here we long for flowers, we have also here


learned to love people as we love flowers; and precisely
here, where there is no desperate struggle for a crust of
bread, and where there floats to the surface that which
out there was of necessity concealed in the depths of the</p>

<p> * The reference here is to the thoughts aroused in F. E. Dzerzhinsky


by the confirmation of the sentence to exile him, which meant that he
had to leave the prison.</p>

<p> * Letters written between 1898 and 1916 in prison and exile, except
for the letter dated October 6 (September 23), 1902.</p>

<p> **. Aldona Edmundovna Bulhak-F. E. Dzerzhinsky's sister,</p>

101

<p> for the cause which is above everyday trifles. Our cause
was born not so long ago, but it will develop beyond
bounds, it is immortal.</p>

<p> feel that today .. . people worship the golden calf which
has turned human souls into the souls of beasts and
driven love out of people's hearts. Remember that there is
a sacred spark in the soul of people like me ... a spark

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
which gives a glow of happiness even at the stake.</p>

<p> ... I love children passionately-----When I think that


terrible want, on the one hand, and excessive wealth, on
the other, lead to the degeneration of these little ones .. .
I am glad for your children, that you are neither rich nor
poor, that from childhood they will realise the need to
work in order to live and this means that they will grow
up into real people. For the children are the future! They
must be strong in spirit and know from childhood how to
face up to life....</p>

<p> But I have spirit enough for another thousand years or


more.... Even here in prison I see how the undying flame
burns: the flame is my heart and the hearts of my
comrades suffering torments here....</p>

<p> <em>November 17 (5), 1898</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. You say that our feelings seem to relate in greater
measure to mankind as a whole than to individuals. Never
believe that this is possible. People who say so are
hypocrites: they are simply deceiving themselves and others. It
is not possible only to feel for people in general, people
in general is an abstraction, for what is concrete is the
sum-total of individuals. In actual fact, feelings can only
be aroused in relation to the concrete phenomenon and
never in relation to an abstraction. A man can feel
sympathy towards social misfortune only if he feels sympathy
towards the misfortune of every individual....</p>

<p> <em>October 21 (8), 1901</em></p>

<p> ... I do not know how to hate by halves or to love by


halves. I do not know how to give only half of my heart.
I can give all my heart or I give nothing. I have drunk
from the cup of life not only all the bitterness, but all the
sweetness as well, and if anyone says to me: take a look
at the wrinkles on your brow, at your emaciated body, at
the life you now lead, take a look and recognise that life
has broken you, then I would reply: life has not broken
me but I have broken life, it has not taken everything
from me, but I have taken everything from it with my
whole being and spirit! Yes, indeed!</p>

<p> ... I came to loathe wealth because I learned to love


people, because with all the fibres of my being I see and</p>

102

<p> To A. E. and G. A. Bulhak*</p>

<p> <em>Beginning ot November 1901</em></p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> ... No!! I am the same as I was before; what
embittered me before, embitters me now; what I loved before, I
love now; what gladdened me before, gladdens me now;
as I acted before, so I act now; as I thought before, so I
think now; as misfortunes and trials have not passed me
by, so in the future they will not pass me by; my path
remains the same; as I loathed evil before, so I loathe it now;
as before, I am striving heart and soul so that there will</p>

<p> * G. A, Bulhak-A. E. Bulhak's husband.</p>

103

<p> be no injustice, crime, drunkenness, depravity, excessive


luxury, brothels where people sell body or soul or both
together; so that there will be no oppression, fratricidal
wars, national strife-----I would like my love to envelop
all mankind, to warm it and cleanse it of the dirt of modern
life....</p>

<p> ... A tremendous task faces you: to educate and shape


the minds of your children. Be vigilant! For parents are
to a large extent morally responsible for whether their
children are good or bad. I would like to write a great
deal more about children, but I do not know how you will
accept my advice, whether you might not regard this
interference in your affairs as out of place. In any case, rest
assured that I am guided here only by my love for your</p>

<p> children. Kiss them heartily for me___May they grow up</p>

<p> healthy and cheerful, full of love for their parents and
other people; may they grow up courageous and strong in
spirit and body; may they never barter their conscience;
may they be happier than we are and live to see the
triumph of freedom, brotherhood and love. .. .</p>

<p> there is nothing false; I feel the warmth of this love and
I terribly want it near me. But these are only dreams. I
cannot allow myself this, I have to be moving about all
the time, and with a child I could not. Often, very often,
it seems to me that even a mother does not love children
as ardently as I do. ...</p>

<p> <em>October 22 (9), 1905</em></p>

<p> ... I should like so much to perceive the beauty in


nature, in people, in what they create, to delight in them,
to perfect myself, because beauty and goodness are like
two sisters. The asceticism that has fallen to my lot is so
alien to me. I would like to be a father and put into the
soul of a young creature everything good that is on the
earth, to see how the rays of my love for it would produce
a luxuriant blossom of the human soul.. ..</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> <em>June 16 (3), 1913</em></p>

<p> <em>.. </em>. Like a flower, the human soul unconsciously imbibes
the rays of the sun and longs eternally for it, for its light;
it fades and shrivels when evil shades off the light. Our
vigour and faith in a better future for mankind is built
on this striving of every human soul towards the sunlight,</p>

<p> and so there should never be hopelessness-----The evil</p>

<p> genius of mankind today is hypocrisy: love in words, but


in practice-a merciless struggle to exist, to achieve</p>

<p> so-called ``happiness'', to .make a career----To be a ray of</p>

<p> light for others, to irradiate light, is the greatest happiness


<em>a</em> man can achieve. Then a man does not fear suffering or
pain, misfortune or need. Then a man ceases to fear
death, although only then does he really learn to love life.
Only then will he walk on the earth with his eyes open,</p>

105

<p> <b>To A. E. Bulhak</b>


<em>October 6 (September 23), 1902</em></p>

<p> ... I do not know why I love children more than


anything else. When I meet them my ill humour
immediately vanishes. I could never love a woman as I love them,
and I think I could never love my <em>own</em> children more than
those that were not my own.... In particularly hard
moments I dream that I have taken some child, a foundling,
and am caring for it and we are both happy. I live for it,
feel it near me, it loves me with the childish love in which</p>

<p> <em>IQi</em></p>

<p> seeing, hearing and understanding everything, only then


will he emerge from his narrow shell into the light and
feel the joys and sufferings of all mankind; only then
will he be a real man.</p>

<p> To S. S. D-zerzhinskaya*
<em>December: 15 (2), 1913</em></p>

<p> <em>. .</em>. Love for a child, like all great love, becomes creative
and can give the child true and lasting happiness when
it broadens the scope of life of the one who loves, makes
him a more valuable person, and when it does not
transform the person loved into an idol. Love which is showered
on only one person and which derives from him alone all
joy in life, making everything else a burden and torture,
such love carries with it hell for both persons.. . .</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> In order to save and enrich his soul, he must be taught
to see and hear all he is already capable of seeing and
hearing, so that his love for you becomes deep friendship
and infinite trust....</p>

<p> do his duty, follow his path to the end. And even when the
eyes no longer see and are blind to the beauty of the
world, the soul knows of this beauty and remains its
servant. The torment of blindness remains, but there is
something above this torment-there is faith in life, in
people, there is freedom and the realisation of one's
constant duty....</p>

<p> To <b>A. E. Bulhak</b></p>

<p> <em>March 16 (3), 1914</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. When I think of all the misfortunes in life that lie
in wait for a man, of the fact that a man is so often
deprived of all he is most attached to, my thoughts again
tell me that in life one has to love with all one's heart
and soul that which is not transitory, that which cannot
be taken away from a man and thanks to which his
attachment to individuals and things becomes possible....</p>

<p> Love for suffering, oppressed mankind, the eternal


longing in the heart of everyone for beauty and happiness,
strength and harmony, urges us to seek a way out and to
find salvation here, in life itself, and shows us the way
out. It opens a man's heart not only to his near ones, it
opens his eyes and ears and gives him gigantic strength
and confidence in victory. Then misfortune becomes a
source of happiness and strength, for then comes clear
thought throwing light on a hitherto gloomy life. From that
time onwards, each new misfortune is no longer a reason
for withdrawal from life, a source of apathy and
despondency, but again and again inspires a man to go on
living, to struggle and to love. And when the time comes
and a man's own life comes to an end, he can go calmly,
without despair, and not be afraid of death....</p>

<p> <em>January 19 (6), 1914</em></p>

<p> <em>. .</em>. Where there is love there should be trust. ...</p>

<p> . .. The man who believes in an idea and is alive cannot


be useless if he does not himself renounce his idea. Only
death, when it comes, will have its word to say about
uselessness. But as long as there is a glimmer of life and
the idea itself is alive, I shall dig the earth, do the
roughest work, give everything I can. And the thought is
soothing, makes it possible to endure the torment. A man must</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> * Sofia Sigizaiundovna Dzerzhinskaya-F. E. Dzerzhinsky's wife,</p>

106

<p> <b>To S. S. Dzerzhinskaya</b>


<em>June 24 (11), 1914</em></p>

<p> ... I want to be worthy of the ideas you and I share.


And it seems to me that every sign of weakness on my
part, of longing for the end and peace, every hint of &quot;I
can't go on&quot; would be a betrayal and the renunciation of
my feelings towards you and of that song of life that has
always been and is still in me....</p>

<p> Yan* must not be a hot-house flower. He should have


the whole dialectics of feelings, so as to be capable in
life to fight for the truth and ideas. In his heart he should
have something sacred that is broader and stronger than
the sacred feeling for his mother or other people near and
dear to him. Be should know how to love the idea, that
which links him with the masses, which will be a shining
light in his life. He should understand that you and all
who surround him, to whom he is attached, whom he loves,
have something more sacred than the love for a child, the
love for him, something sacred from which he and the love
and affection for him derive. This sacred feeling is stronger
than all other feelings, stronger because of its moral
injunction: &quot;This is how you should live, this is what you
should be.&quot; Awareness of this duty, as of every other
connected with feelings, cannot be instilled by influencing
the reason alone....</p>

<p> ... To renounce the good things of life in order to fight


for them together with those who are deprived of them,
and to instil now a kind of asceticism in oneself. But my</p>

<p> thoughts never leave me and I am sharing them with you,


I am not an ascetic. It is just the dialectics of feelings,
which springs from life itself and, it seems to me, from
the life of the proletariat. And the point is that this
dialectics should complete its cycle, so that it should contain the
synthesis-the solution of contradictions. And so that this
synthesis, being proletarian, should at the same time be
``my'' truth, the truth of ``my'' soul. One has to have the
inner consciousness of the need to go to one's death for
the sake of life, to go to prison for the sake of freedom
and to have the strength to go through all the hell of life
with open eyes', feeling in one's heart the great and exalted,
paean of beauty, truth and happiness derived from that
life....</p>

<p> <em>February 17 (4), 1916</em></p>

<p> <em>I</em> love life as it really is, in its eternal movement, in its

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
harmony, and in its terrible contradictions. And my eyes
still see, my ears hear, my soul is receptive and my heart
has not yet hardened. And the song of life sings in my
heart... . And it seems to me that whoever hears this song
in his heart will never curse his life, no matter what
torments he has endured, will never exchange it for the
other, peaceful, normal life. For this song is everything,
this song of the love of life alone remains. Both here in
prison, and out there at liberty, where there are now so
many horrors, it lives and is as eternal as the stars: the
stars and all the beauty of nature give birth to it and
carry it to human hearts, and these hearts sing out and
strive eternally for resurrection... .</p>

<p> * F. E. Dzerzhinsky's son.</p>

109

109

<p> <b>To V. E. Dzerzhindty*</b></p>

<p> <em>September 11 (August 29), 1916</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. But in social life? I am entirely at one not only


with my thoughts but with the masses, and together with
them I must experience the struggle, the torment and the
hopes. I have never lived with closed eyes, turned in on
my own thoughts alone. I was never an idealist. I learned
to know human hearts and it seemed to me that I felt
every beat of those hearts.... I have lived in order to
fulfil my mission and to be myself....</p>

<p> I must endure to the end all that I am destined to endure.


It cannot be otherwise. And I am at peace. And although
I do not know what awaits me ... my mind continues to
draw pictures of the future which crown it all. I am,
besides all else, an optimist. .. .</p>

<p> approaching the heart. .. . Each day forces us to resort to


increasingly resolute measures. Now our greatest enemy
faces us-stark famine. In order to get bread, it must be
taken from those who have it and given to those who have
none. The civil war must flare up on an unprecedented
scale. I have been moved up to a position in the front line
of fire and my will is to fight and to look with open eyes
on all the danger of the grave situation and to be merciless
myself. ...</p>

<p> <em>August 29, 1918</em></p>

<p> <em>. .</em>. We are soldiers on active service. And I live by


what stands ahead of me, for this demands the greatest
attention and vigilance in order to win victory. My will

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
is to win through and, although a smile is very rarely seen
on my face, I am confident in the victory of the idea and
the movement in which I live and work....</p>

<p> Here we have a dance of life and death-a moment of


truly sanguinary struggle, titanic effort. . ..</p>

<p> <b>To S. S. Dzerzhinskaya</b></p>

<p> <em>May 27, 1918</em></p>

<p> <b>To A. E. Bulhak</b></p>

<p> My dear!</p>

<p> I am in the very thick of the struggle. The life of a


soldier who knows no rest, for it is necessary to save our
home. There is no time to think of my own people and
myself. The work and the struggle are hellish. But in this
struggle my heart remains alive, the same as before. All
my time is one continual round of activity....</p>

<p> My thoughts force me to be merciless, and I have the


firm will to follow my thoughts to the end. ...</p>

<p> The ring of enemies presses harder and harder round us,</p>

<p> <em>April 15,1919</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. Today as before, love is everything for me. I hear


and feel its song in my heart. This song calls to the
struggle, to unbending will, to tireless work. And today
my actions are determined only by the idea-the striving
for justice. I am finding it difficult to write. ... As a
perpetual wanderer, I am always in motion, in the thick
of the changes and of the creation of a new life.... I see
the future, and I want and must take part in its
creationto be in the movement, like a stone hurled from a sling,</p>

<p> * Vladislav Ednrundovich Dzerzhinsky-F. E. Dzerzhinsky's brother.</p>

<p> <em>no</em></p>

<p> <em>in</em></p>

<p> until I reach the end-eternal rest. Have you ever thought
what war in actual pictures is like? You have pushed aside
pictures of human bodies torn by shells, of the wounded
lying on the battlefield and the crows pecking out the eyes
of men still living. You have pushed aside these terrible
pictures which daily meet the eyes. You cannot understand
me. A soldier of the revolution fighting so that there will
be no more injustice on the earth, so that this war will
not put millions upon millions of people at the mercy of

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
the conquering rich. War is a horrible thing. The whole
world of the rich has moved against us. The most unhappy,
most ignorant people are the first to have risen up in
defence of their rights-and they are repulsing the entire
world.. . .</p>

<p> to give their aid in the seeking out and discovering


bribetaking scoundrels.</p>

<p> Be keen-eyed and vigilant! Proletarian hands should


not and cannot be sullied by bribes!</p>

<p> From the Article


&quot;Waifs and the <em>Vecheka&quot;*</em></p>

<p> <em>July 22, 1926</em></p>

<p> <em>I</em> want to throw part of my own efforts and primarily


the forces of the <em>Vecheka</em> to combat the problem of
homeless children... . Two considerations have prompted me
to this conclusion. Firstly, this is a terrible calamity! For
when you look at the children, you cannot fail to
thinkeverything is for them! The fruits of the revolution are not
for us, but for them. And yet, how many of them are
crippled by the struggle and by want! It is necessary to
rush at once to their rescue, as we would if we saw
children drowning. The People's Commissariat for
Education cannot cope with the situation alone. Extensive,
assistance from the Soviet public is needed. A large
committee must be set up under the Ail-Russian Central
Executive Committee, with the immediate participation of
the People's Commissariat for Education, and including
representatives from all departments and all organisations
that can be useful in this work. I have already spoken to
a few people. I would like to head the commission myself;</p>

<p> From the Article


'Citizens! RailwaymenF</p>

<p> <em>December 6, 1921</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. Wherever the scoundrel plants himself-in an office


behind a green-baize desk or in a watchman's hut-he will
be discovered and brought before the court of the R [
evolutionary] Tribunal, whose punitive hammer will fall with
all the devastating might and anger of which it is capable,
for there is no mercy for the deadly enemies of our revival.
No circumstances will be taken into account when sentence
is passed on people who take bribes. The sternest
punishment awaits them.</p>

<p> At the same time, the Soviet Government calls on all


honest citizens, in whom painful consciousness of the
indelible shame and corrupting influence of bribes is alive.</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> * The <em>Vecheka</em> (Cheka)-the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission
to combat counter-revolution and sabotage. It was set up on the
initiative of V. I. Lenin in December 1917, as an organ of the workers' and
peasants' power, to defend the state security of the Soviet Republic.</p>

112

<p> 8-2618</p>

113

<p> I want the apparatus of the <em>Vecheka</em> to be actually included


in the work. Here I am prompted by the second
consideration: I think our apparatus is one of those that work
most efficiently; it has branches everywhere. People
reckon with it. They are rather afraid of it. And yet, even
in such a thing as the salvation and provisioning of
children, one meets with negligence and even pilfering! We
are steadily going over to peace-time construction, and so
the thought has struck me, why not use our militant
apparatus to combat such a calamity as homelessness
among children?...</p>

<p> their group interests outweigh the interests of the working


class as a whole; often they do not sufficiently realise that
only their own useful labour, the productivity of their
labour, can create the communist state, maintain their
Soviet power. Every economic manager should wage a
struggle to win prestige, to win the confidence of the
working masses, but the struggle for this confidence should
on no account employ the instrument of demagogy, of
humouring the masses, satisfying them to the detriment
and at the expense of&quot; the state, of the interests of the
. alliance with the peasants, of parochial requirements. The
path of demagogy is perhaps the most harmful path, lulling
the masses, deflecting them from the main tasks of the
working class in production, diminishing the sacrifices the
working class has made and, in the final analysis, one
which is harmful for our industry....</p>

<p> <b>From a Circular Letter</b></p>

<p> <b>to the Managements of Syndicates and Trusts</b></p>

<p> <b>and to Red Directors</b></p>

<p> <em>June 19, 1924</em></p>

<p> <em>. . </em>. One must not fear criticism, or gloss over
shortcomings; on the contrary, it is necessary to help to make
them known and to see nothing discreditable in doing so.
Only he can be discredited who conceals his shortcomings,
who is unwilling to fight against evils, that is, precisely

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
the man who ought to be discredited. It is necessary to be
able to see the truth and to imbibe it from the masses and
from all who are taking part in production. There is
nothing worse than self-praise and self-satisfaction. It is
possible to go forward only when, step by step, evils are
sought out and overcome. At the same time, an end must
be put to our established practice of humouring the masses,
the workers. It should be remembered that in our country
the workers, like ourselves, are not yet cultured, that often</p>

114

<p> KALININ,</p>

<p> MIKHAIL IVANOVICH</p>

<p> (<em>1875-1946)</em></p>

<p> ---<em>outstanding Soviet statesman


and distinguished figure in the
Communist Party; President of
the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R.
since 1938</em>.</p>

<IMG src="199-1.jpg" alt="199-1.jpg" style=" width:260.6pt; height:370.6pt;">

<p> <b>M-KALININ</b></p>

<p> <b>From the Speech</b></p>

<p> <b>at the Fifth All-Russian Congress</b></p>

<p> <b>of the Russian Young Communist League</b></p>

<p> <em>October 11, 1922</em></p>

<p> <em>. .</em>. Allow me, comrades, to wish you that our communist
youth will master more fully the Marxist method of
thought, for this Marxist method best of all affords the
opportunity of finding our bearings in all the complexities
of the situation in which we live.</p>

<p> Comrades, my wish is that our communist youth will


continue as before to be the guardian of revolutionary
behests, the guardian of the desire to struggle for com-</p>

<p> munism. . ..</p>

111

<p> <b>From the Greetings


to the First All-Union Congress of Teachers</b></p>

<p> <em>January 12,1925</em></p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> <em>. . </em>. What are the tasks the Government has assigned to
teachers? The chief and fundamental task the Soviet system
puts before teachers at the present time, comrades, is to
train personnel, to build up a new generation of young
people, to ensure truly fraternal relations among mankind,
to train up true brothers, not brothers in Christ. Teachers
should build up a young generation which at difficult
moments in the struggle for the Soviet Union would face
death proudly and courageously. On the other hand, this
young generation should have a constant desire to conquer
the infinite forces of nature. This is a difficult task; on its
path it encounters tremendous obstacles in the old ignorant
and downtrodden world.</p>

<p> When our Red Army was fighting on the battlefields


while still in the process of formation and organisation,
it also had to face the powerful old world, and, while still
in the process of formation it did not crumble to pieces,
but gained in strength and grew in numbers.</p>

<p> In this respect teachers today have much better


conditions, and step by step the Soviet system is coming into
its own.</p>

<p> Today it is the turn of the teachers. All doubts must


be cast aside. History demands this. History needs you
to fulfil the following tasks: <em>to mould the new man, to
strive for ttue brotherhood among peoples, to fight for
communism</em>.</p>

<p> <b>From the Pamphlet


On the Road to Socialism</b></p>

<p> ON THE RESULTS OF THE FOURTEENTH


ALL-UNION CONGRESS OF THE C.P.S.U. (BOLSHEVIKS)</p>

<p> ... It seems to me that we are introducing far too many


formal meetings and formal duties and, secondly, that we
are doing far too much ``communising''; at the same time
we are not really developing the communist spirit among
the Komsomol members. Whereas in the case of old Party
members it is sometimes possible to instil communism
in a formal way, to instil certain communist traits, this will
not work with Komsomol members; and it is particularly
harmful if communism is only formally accepted there. I
notice that among Komsomol members more than
anywhere else, we come across a certain amount of cliche.</p>

<p> Take the speeches of Komsomol members. The vast


majority of them speak splendidly. If you judge such a
Komsomol member by his first speech, you will be
astonished and say: &quot;What a knowledgeable fellow!&quot; But
when you get to know the man better, you will find that

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
he knows the texts of six or seven speeches, but the
speeches are not his original work, based on his own
knowledge. The form is splendid, but it strikes cold. Once
you convey the meaning in a formal way, without going
deeply into it, the very nature of the speech shows that it
is sheer oratory and not the expression of turbulent inner
feeling.</p>

<p> And so I say: we need Komsomol members in whom


the creative principle will never be suppressed.</p>

<p> In his youth, during the best period of his life, a man
should be tasting all the joys of life: dancing, music, in a
word, everything that is possible to a man. With us, for</p>

118

<p> <b><em>119</em></b></p>

<p> example, it is considered poor taste for a Komsomol member


to dance. To my mind, this is an absurdity. When I walk
down the street and see a little girl of 11 or 12 running
along, it is more likely she will be skipping along. Marxism
is profoundly realistic; it connects every thought with the
organic, material features of man, and people cannot with
impunity try to replace, say, dancing by the Communist
Saturday where theoretical problems are aired. The
Communist Saturday should last for one hour, the dancing for
two hours....</p>

<p> ... The point is just this, comrades, that Marxism as a


whole is a teaching which affords the opportunity of using
all the forces of nature most effectively and, if one can
put it this way, of using them to give the greatest pleasure
to the&quot; human organism, to help it to develop.</p>

<p> We have no reason to make all people wise and at the


same time physical freaks, with a large head and short legs.
No, we want to develop both the intellect and bodily
beauty. We do not intend to carry hypocrisy into the sphere
where it would be definitely dangerous. The inner
promptings of youth should not be cramped. The pleasures natural
at this age should never be overlooked either.</p>

<p> I personally consider that the accusations of lack of


sexual restraint among Komsomol members are an
exaggeration.</p>

<p> But have we not made a mistake in regard to young


people?</p>

<p> We overload young people and, because of this mental


strain, they rush into the sort of things which, to some
extent, give them a change. A physically normal man

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
playing games or going in for sports will, of course, lead
a normal life. But when we overload him with mental
work we inevitably impel him towards the realm of
fantasy, towards romanticism in his private environment.</p>

120

<p> In all probability, a great deal more work will still have
to be done in this sphere. Leningrad has a vast mass of
proletarians, a huge, influential mass of proletarian
Komsomol members, hence the great importance of this
question.</p>

<p> We are not going to rear rickety people.</p>

<p> The Party must make it its task to train Komsomol


members to be physically and spiritually developed young
people.</p>

<p> The Struggle for the New <b>Man</b></p>

<p> FROM THE SPEECH AT THE CELEBRATION MEETING


ON THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE KOMSOMOL</p>

<p> <em>May 28, 1928</em></p>

<p> <em>,. </em>. What, at the present time, are the most urgent tasks
facing you and to what in particular should the millions
of Komsomol members turn their attention? It seems to
me that now more than ever the task before us is the
shaping of the <em>ndtu man</em>. After all, the old generation grew
up in totally different material and political conditions,
with different opportunities for mass organisation, mass
influence and social education. Previously, the basic aim
in educating the revolutionary youth was cultivating in him
civic courage, making him a political fighter devoted heart
and mind to the proletariat and the working people,
inculcating hatred towards the bourgeois system, so that
at any moment, they would be prepared to sacrifice
themselves in the struggle against that system.</p>

<p> Can we now limit ourselves to this?</p>

<p> Can we limit ourselves to these tasks alone? By <em>no


means!</em> Whereas then, education was aimed at the denial
of the bourgeois world, at training actual fighters striving</p>

121

<p> to destroy that world, today the task before us is to build


socialist society. Therefore, the study of Marx and Lenin
will now be only one part of the work Komsomol members
have to do.</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> Nowadays the Komsomol member has to know more
than the theory of Marxism-Leninism. He must also know
several spheres of human endeavour, in order to act as an
actual builder of socialist society. Obviously, in all his
actions, in all spheres of work, the Young Communist
should be guided by Marxism-Leninism. Today, comrades,
in order to play a positive part in socialist construction it
is not enough by any means simply to criticise, to fight in
general against negative aspects of existing conditions;
that is not sufficient. It follows that the whole policy of the
Young .Communist League on the question of shaping the
new man should be not merely to master the theory of
Marxism-Leninism, but also to disseminate positive
knowledge which is needed in life in order to consolidate
socialism by practical work,</p>

<p> Komsomol members should know more than the theory


of Marxism-Leninism. They should, in addition, be
producing engineers and technicians, agronomists, writers
and painters-in a word, there should be no sphere which
the Komsomol does not cover, for if any branch of activity
is left outside our field of vision, it means that in some
sectors there will be people who are not satisfied. It
follows, therefore, that the first task facing the Young
Communist League is to teach its members to respect
positive, practical knowledge. I consider this to be one
of the fundamental tasks before the Komsomol
organisation.</p>

<p> Formerly, there was no need for us to be concerned


about increasing labour productivity, about expanding
production-the capitalist world duly &quot;concerned itself&quot;</p>

122

<p> about that. But now, if we fail to take an interest in labour


productivity, in the quality of production, if we fail to
concern ourselves with instilling respect for labour, then
who, if not the builders of the new society, will concern
themselves about it? I consider that the task before you,
first and foremost, is to cultivate respect for knowledge
and labour or rather to propagate it and agitate for it
among Komsomol members, to develop in them the <em>desire</em>
for useful knowledge.</p>

<p> At the same time, another important task is to develop


respect for working people, for the man who works. . ..</p>

<p> ... That is why the Young Communist League, which


has an enormous army at its disposal, faces, for its part,
the task of promoting the development of this aspect of
proletarian morality. We know that there is bourgeois
morality as well. And so, the moment anyone opens his
mouth about standards of social morality, he is

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
immediately curbed: ``don't moralise, morality is a bourgeois
concept&quot;. This is wrong. We have our proletarian morality
and we should develop and strengthen it and instil it into
the future generation. Our morality is this: everything
that helps to strengthen the working class and its militant
power, to develop socialist construction is unquestionably
<em>obligatory</em> for the Komsomol and Party member, all this
he should do, all this is his moral duty.</p>

<p> Development of the spirit of collectivism within the


Young Communist League, instilling in man qualities of
collectivism, is an essential factor in education within the
Komsomol organisation. It must be said outright that this
is one of the most difficult practical problems facing all
of us, for it means that millions of people have to be
completely reborn. But the word difficult does not mean
insurmountable. And if, starting with the Komsomol</p>

123

<p> organisation, a man's practical work takes the form of


team-work with others, if he overcomes his individualistic
traits, then undoubtedly his collective habits, his readiness
to live and work with others, his ability to co-ordinate his
actions with the interests of others will develop into a
fairly considerable sum-total of the traits which are
characteristic of the new man-the member of socialist
society.</p>

<p> Man as a member of society does not mark time; he


lives and develops. His character, habits and knowledge
are all no more than the accumulated experience of
preceding generations, accumulated social experience. And if we
wish man to advance, to develop more rapidly, then
obviously, we should first and foremost develop those
characteristic features of man which are of especial
advantage to the working class, which are of advantage in
building socialism. In this field, it seems to me, there is
more than enough work to be done.</p>

<p> Next I would like to draw your attention to another


aspect of the question. Young people are a fine and the
roost mobile detachment of mankind. And it is no accident
that the initiators of all revolutionary action are young
people. Take for example all the barricade-fighting and you
will see that young people are always in the front line.
Why is this? Because young people keenest of all feel
the injustice of the old world, because young people have
such exuberant physical strength. Young people are
courageous and bold; they do not fear death. Old people will
not always venture to risk their lives, they care more for
them. But this, in my opinion, is not only a merit of young
people, but is also due to their special physiological
properties. Youth is a splendid section of mankind and the

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
qualities and features of youth must be tended, cultivated
and developed. I have no opportunity here to dwell on</p>

124

<p> this, to give practical examples of how it should be


done. But I think the Young Communist League itself
and its leaders can find both the means and the
opportunity for developing these fine characteristics in young
people.</p>

<p> Finally, I would like in passing to draw attention to the


question of everyday life (incidentally, I am doing this at
the request of the women's department, and on this question
I am completely in agreement with them and comply with
their request with pleasure). Very many people here,
particularly among the youth, like to talk about our new
day-to-day life, but they depict it in a totally distorted
way. This new life is particularly distorted where it
concerns girls: &quot;the new life&quot;, ``freedom'', &quot;down with
conventions&quot;, etc., etc.</p>

<p> Is it permissible in the new society for a man, for


instance, to marry six or seven times in the space of ten
years?</p>

<p> Nowadays, when we are conducting a struggle against


this sort of thing and are establishing truly free relations,
can this mean that in relations between man and woman
there need be no sense of responsibility? Do we not see,
do we not know, that when a girl gets disappointed in a
young man she feels devastated and cast down for at least
a year or two?</p>

<p> The everyday life of the proletarian demands that you


weigh up your every action and consider whether what
you do will not perhaps act as a noose, a death noose
for the person close to you. The person who gives no
consideration to this is not acting in the proletarian
spirit and most certainly harms the development of the
workers' Komsomol movement, harms the building of
socialism. ...</p>

125

<p> <b>Develop Yourselves in Every Way</b></p>

<p> FROM THE SPEECH AT A CONFERENCE</p>

<p> OF LEADING MEMBERS OF THE YOUNG COMMUNIST</p>

<p> LEAGUE ORGANISATION IN DNIEPROPETROVSK</p>

<p> so on, their comradeship will be a splendid complement

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
to socialist emulation, and will yield great results.</p>

<p> ... To be a staunch Communist, you need, first and


foremost, to have a firm communist world outlook. The
communist world outlook enables us to approach each
problem skilfully, to approach each phenomenon
correctly. The communist world outlook is to fighters of the
proletarian revolution what a powerful telescope, let us
say, is to the astronomer, or a microscope to the laboratory
researcher. The communist world outlook enables the
political worker, the person active in public affairs, to
understand correctly and comprehensively the situation in
which he is working, to organise the masses and lead them
into battle, correctly to see, understand and outline future
prospects. All this taken together gives one strength,
makes one practically immune not only to petty, individual
misfortunes, but also to big ones. If your life is guided by
the idea of the common, collective good, if the cause of
the community is your supreme concern, if your interests
and hopes are the same as those of the people around
you-these common interests of the working people make
us, Communist old-timers, feel young.</p>

<p> Take the period of the civil war and the period of
our socialist construction. In these times all working
people, the old folks not excluded, 'displayed wonders of
heroism and enthusiasm, performed outstanding exploits,
and are continuing to do so now. This must be realised by
those who are to take our place, the Komsomol members
and young workers and kolkhozniks in general. From
the old Bolsheviks, the old, battle-steeled proletarians they
must learn habits of collectivity, the way to put heart and
soul into one's work, and to understand and get a
theoretical grasp of current events.</p>

<p> <em>March 3, 1934</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. Particularly do, I want to say a few words about the
feeling of comradeship among the youth. It is when people
are young that they are most inclined to friendship, to
giving collective aid to comrades. Rarely-maybe in two or
three cases out of a hundred-will a young person desert a
comrade in need. This feeling of comradeship is of
exceptional importance on the battlefield. An army column in
which every man has complete confidence in the
steadfastness of his neighbour possesses a fighting capacity
of an exceptionally high order. Enemy fire will cause
no panic at all; at any rate, if there is any, it will be
reduced. Feelings such as these unite soldiers and heighten
their isense of discipline. The feeling of comradeship, of
class friendship should be developed among the youth
in every way. It is one of the most socialistic of
qualities, and is needed everywhere, particularly in the class
struggle.</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> Many people are accustomed to regard the feeling of
comradeship as so many words, yet if this feeling is
properly developed, if the effort is made to ensure that
Komsomol members and young people, not belonging to
the Komsomol, comrades and friends, join in sharing the
joy they derive from their work, in overcoming difficulties,
in really lending one another a helping hand to master the
technique of their jobs, and in spending their leisure hours
together, participating in physical culture and sport, and</p>

126

127

<p> <b>From the Speech at a Conference</b></p>

<p> <b>of Best Urban and Rural School Teachers</b></p>

<p> <b>Convened by the Editorial Board</b></p>

<p> <b>of <em>Uchitelskaya Gazeta</em></b></p>

<p> it means that the Soviet Union can only be protected by


a wall of steel. The U.S.S.R. will be still stronger if Soviet
people are brought up in the spirit of comradely team work
from childhood, if they are imbued with genuine, firm
comradely team spirit from their school days. In this way
a person who joins the Red Army or gets to the front will
find it easier to fit in with the team spirit of army life.
He will come there already bound by bonds of love to his
socialist native land.</p>

<p> <em>Fitthly-love tor work. One must not only love work, but
also be honest in one's attitude to it, with the thought
firmly engraved in one's mind that a person who lives and
eats without working, lives on the work ot others</em>.</p>

<p> <em>December 28,1938</em></p>

<p> <em>... The new, socialist man is in the process ot creation


in out country. This new man must be imbued with the
very finest ot human qualities</em>. For the new, socialist man
will not be devoid of human emotions. Man is a human
being. That should be our starting point.</p>

<p> What are the human qualities that must be instilled?


They include, <em>firstly, love, love tor one's own people, love
for the working masses. Man should love his fellow-men</em>.
If he does, his life will be better, more joyous, for nobody
lives so miserable a life as the misanthrope, who hates
human beings. The misanthrope is more miserable than
anyone else.</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> <em>Secondly-honesty</em>. Teach the children to be honest. The
teacher must, in my opinion, work consistently to achieve
this, using all possible pedagogical methods. Teach them
not to lie, not to be deceitful, but to be honest.</p>

<p> <em>Thirdly-courage</em>. The socialist man-the man of


labourwants to win the world, and not only the world existing
on earth: he also wants to employ his mind to extend the
universe.</p>

<p> <em>Fourthly-a comradely team spirit</em>. We need the


comradely team spirit. It is needed if only because we are
surrounded by capitalist countries, because our Union is
being systematically slandered and every bourgeois is
longing for a suitable moment to crush the Soviet Union.
Of course they will never live to see such a moment, but</p>

<p> <b>From the Speech at a Celebration Meeting


in Honour of Decorated Rural School Teachers</b></p>

<p> <em>July 8, 1939</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. So, comrades, we want our children to be educated


in the communist spirit, to be imbued with communist
principles. You may ask: What are these communist
principles?</p>

<p> Communist principles, taken in their elementary form,


are the principles of highly-educated, honest, advanced
people; they are love for one's socialist motherland,
friendship, comradeship, humanity, honesty, love for
socialist labour and a great many other universally
understood lofty qualities. The nurturing, the cultivation of these
attributes, of these lofty qualities is the most important
element of communist education.</p>

<p> These attributes cannot be instilled in children by


finesounding sermons or simple tub-thumping. They can be</p>

128

<p> 9-2618</p>

129

<p> deeply inculcated upon children only by influencing them


day in and day out, imperceptibly, on the basis of
comradely contact throughout their school years. And that, of
course, is possible only when the teachers themselves have
mastered Marxism-Leninism, at least in broad outline,...</p>

<p> <em>..</em>. The intrinsic significance of the question of


safeguarding and fortifying public property as greater than
would seem to outward appearances. A thrifty attitude

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
towards public property is a communist trait. It seems to
me that never in the history of mankind has there been
a more economic society than communist society. And that
is quite natural. For only in communist society is the
disposal, the expenditure of resources in the hands of the
producers. I think there is no particular need to prove
that the producer is more economical in expenditure than
is the exploiter or the appropriator of the wealth of others.</p>

<p> ... And so, comrades, we must first of all learn to work
according to our abilities, learn to take care of public
property, and when we produce enough- and know how to
take care of the results of our labours, we shall distribute
everything according to needs.</p>

<p> That is the second component part of communist


education.</p>

<p> ... A further necessary, component element of


communist education is the development of love for one's country,
for one's socialist homeland, the development of Soviet
patriotism.</p>

<p> <b>From the Speech</b></p>

<p> <b>at a Meeting of Leading Party Workers


of the City of Moscow</b></p>

<p> <b>On Communist Education</b></p>

<p> FROM THE SPEECH AT A MEETING OF LEADING


PARTY WORKERS OF THE CITY OF MOSCOW</p>

<p> <em>October 2, 1940</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. Some of our people are inclined to regard communism


in a somewhat abstract fashion, without making this
concept concrete. But what does communism mean? It
means producing as much as possible, and of as high a
quality as possible. I have in view the output not only of
physical but also of intellectual labour-the output turned
out by engineers, architects, writers, school teachers,
doctors, actors, artists, musicians, singers, etc.</p>

<p> ... And when we speak of communist education it means,


first and foremost, to inculcate upon each worker the idea
that he should approach his job with at least elementary
conscientiousness. We should impress it on him that if he
considers himself to be a Bolshevik, or simply an honest
Soviet citizen, he should do his job with at least a minimum
of conscientiousness, so that the articles he produces should
pass the test as far as quality is concerned.</p>

<p> And so, the struggle for communism is a struggle for

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
the highest productivity of labour in the sense of both
quantity and quality of output. There you have the first
fundamental postulate regarding the communist education
of the working people of the U.S.S.R. ...</p>

<p> <em>October 2, 1940</em></p>

<p> VI</p>

<p> ... I consider it necessary to deal in addition with the


question of collectivity. There is no special need to prove
that the inculcation of the idea of collective endeavour</p>

130

131

<p> should occupy an important place in communist education.


I have in view here not the theoretical principles of
collectivism, but its introduction into production, into
everyday life, into the world of social habits; the establishment
of the conditions under which collectivity becomes an
integral part of our habits and standards of behaviour, and is
practised not only consciously, after deliberation, but
instinctively, organically.</p>

<p> . .. Collectivity plays a great part in the practical life


of our society, for it is based on collectivism. To capitalist
society we oppose collectivism-communism, being
convinced of its enormous superiority. The extent to which
we are successful in implanting collective habits in
production and in public and private life determines to a
considerable degree the extent of our success in building
communism----</p>

<p> energies to the struggle for the complete victory of.


communism, and if this great idea predominates in your minds,
then I do not doubt that you will really live big lives.</p>

<p> <b>Some Problems of Party</b> Mass Work</p>

<p> FROM THE SPEECH AT A CONFERENCE


OF PARTY WORKERS OF MOSCOW PLANTS</p>

<p> <em>April 21, 1942</em></p>

<p> ... A Party leader has to be absolutely honest in his


attitude to others. The secretary of a Party organisation
is the eye of the Party. I do not know whether you fully
appreciate the point. That is why all personal likes and
dislikes must be set aside. If there are people whom, for
one reason or another, you do not like, you must hide the
fact so thoroughly that nobody will have the faintest idea
of it. It will be a bad thing if it is noticed that you are not

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
unbiased in your attitude to different people.</p>

<p> It happens occasionally that some average man is


reticent and keeps to himself, but does his work well; on the
other hand, the fellow who is not much good at his job, but
frequents the offices of the Party committee, the trade
union committee or the Young Communist League, and is
always on hand, gets pushed forward. That will not do.
If the secretary of a Party committee wishes to enjoy
prestige he must have a clean reputation with the masses.
That does not mean that he cannot have closer personal
relations with certain people. Of course he can. But in his
public relations he must be impartial to all people. His
attitude should be this: &quot;You are a friend of mine, which is
all well and good, but if you approach your work
carelessly, idle around, and shirk the jobs you have been given, I</p>

<p> <b>From die Speech</b></p>

<p> <b>at a Meeting of Pupils of</b> Eighth,</p>

<p> <b>Ninth and Tenth Grades of Secondary</b> Schools</p>

<p> <b>of Lenin District, Moscow</b></p>

<p> <em>April 17, 1941</em></p>

<p> ... To live a big, principled life means to have your life
governed by the social interests of the most advanced and
most progressive class of your day, and at the present
time, by the interests of the Soviet people, of the socialist
homeland. If your lives are governed by such interests,
if all your thoughts are directed towards still further
exalting your people, still further enhancing the economic and
military might of your native land, if you devote all your</p>

132

133

<p> shall demand more of you than of others, and make it hotter
for you.&quot; Such must be the attitude to people on the part
of a secretary of a Party organisation.</p>

<p> In all things your conduct should be such that those


around you feel your sincerity and honesty. Hypocrisy
cannot be hidden from the masses at all, and so do
everything in your power to avoid it. You cannot deceive the
masses, and if people discover that a person is
hypocritical, they will never put their faith in him <em>again</em>.</p>

<p> If, then, we cultivate these qualities in ourselves, we


will find it easier to work,.. .</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> to their country, are devoting all their energy and
ability to hastening the hour of victory over our bitterest
enemy.</p>

<p> There were many people abroad, particularly at the


beginning of the war, who searched for an explanation of
the lofty patriotic fervour of the people of the Soviet
Union, of the steadfastness of the Red Army. For us,
however, the source of the patriotism of Soviet people is clear.
It lies in their love for their country, for their people, for
their culture and way of life. It is precisely because all are
equal in the great family of Soviet peoples and filled with
respect for one another, mutual confidence and friendship
that the Soviet Union is strong and indestructible....</p>

<p> <b>From the Article


&quot;Militant Aide of the Bolshevik Party&quot;</b></p>

<p> ON THE OCCASION OF THE TWENTY-FIFTH


ANNIVERSARY OF THE KOMSOMOL</p>

<p> <em>October 1943</em></p>

<p> ... It is with pride and love that the Soviet people
regard the youth. The war burst like a hurricane into the
lives of the Soviet young people, facing them with the
grim necessity of staunchly defending their native land,
their future, of undergoing stern trials. For more than two
years now our young people have been waging a bitter
struggle against the enemy, fighting alongside their fathers
and elder brothers and bravely and self-sacrificingly
upholding the freedom and happiness of their people. The
war has been a severe test of the spiritual and physical
qualities of the Soviet youth, of its vanguard-the
Komsomol. Our Komsomol, our young people, are passing this
test with honour. In the rear, as at the front, the youth
are working tirelessly and, fully conscious of their duty</p>

134

<p> <b>From the Article


'The Moral Make-up of Our People'</b></p>

<p> <em>January 1945</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. Among the working class and the working people in
general dissemination of the new morality proceeded along
two convergent paths: on the one hand, Marxist
intellectuals spread it by means of propaganda; on the other
hand, developing capitalism itself, by the cruel
exploitation of labour, drove the workers to resistance. Hence,
the consciousness of the community of interests of the
working people and appeals to international solidarity
were readily apprehended by the workers. Proletarian

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
morals were moulded in the course of the workers'
everyday life-in the factories, mills and workshops. Marxist
propaganda merely widened the scope of their
understanding of proletarian ethics.</p>

235

<p> ... Only the further development of the revolutionary


movement, the awakening of the class consciousness of the
proletariat and its transformation from a class by itself
into a class for itself gave rise to ethical qualities such
an honesty to one's class, discipline, mutual support and
self-sacrifice in struggle and organisation. These
characteristics of the ethical complexion of the proletariat
formed the basis of the incipient socialist morality....</p>

<p> ,. , Komsomol member Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya,* a


girl-partisan, attained the summit of patriotism and moral
grandeur. She imbibed, as it were, all the finest emotions
that have moved our people in the course of their historical
development. She was indeed a daughter not only of the
Russian but of the whole Soviet people, a daughter of the
Leninist Komsomol. Fascism resorted to barbaric cruelty
in the hope of degrading Soviet women, breaking their
morale; but in this it failed utterly. Zoya's moral stamina
and that of the other Soviet women triumphed over fascist
brutality....</p>

<p> ... The front is the touchstone that, among a host of


other human emotions, tests loyalty and friendship. The
peoples of the Soviet Union have stood this test not only
in concerted work in the rear but also in the conduct of
their sons in the forward lines at the front. And it could
not be otherwise. Our army is a fraternal family where to
aid one's comrade is a self-imposed duty.</p>

<p> ... In our country neither the colour of one's skin nor
one's nationality has anything to do with advancement in
service or promotions in rank. The only criterion is one's
ability and combat record. This is so not merely formally,
in pursuance of the law, so to speak, but is facilitated by
the outlook of the Red Army men and officers. Hence the
army's high morale. And the personal friendship that
develops on this basis lasts long even between people who
live far apart from each other....</p>

<p> ... As I have already said, our morality has been


developed and propagated by the finest of our people. Due
credit must here be given to the Russian progressive
intelligentsia, to Russian literature and art, which for hundreds
of years fought devotedly against the dark forces of
tsarism, the cruelty of the exploiters and the ignorance of the
people; Russian literature has ennobled man and compelled
the whole world to acknowledge his lofty moral qualities,

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
which have risen to particularly great heights and
penetrated into the very midst of the popular masses under the
Soviet system. The Soviet socialist system has been the
basis for the development of our communist morals....</p>

<p> * Zoya Anatolyevna Kosmodemyanskaya (``Tanya'')-1923-1941.


Hero of the Soviet Union, tenth-class pupil at School No. 201 in
Moscow. In October 1941 she volunteered for the front and was captured
by the enemy while fulfilling a military assignment in November 1941.
She was cruelly tortured and hanged.</p>

136

<p> KIROV,</p>

<p> SERGEI MIRONOVICH</p>

<p> <em>(1886-1934)</em></p>

<p> <b><em>&#8226;</em>---<em>prominent Soviet statesman and


distinguished figure in the
Communist Party; active participant
in the three Russian' revolutions</em>.</b></p>

<IMG src="199-2.jpg" alt="199-2.jpg" style=" width:261.1pt; height:375.4pt;">

<p> <b>S-KIROV</b></p>

<p> From Letters to M. L. Markus*</p>

<p> <em>September 30-Octobet 1,1911</em></p>

<p> <em>. . </em>. The devil, but it's good to be living on the earth!
At times you begin to understand people who, for only
one instant that can grip <em>a</em> man entirely and fill his heart
and soul, his whole mind and being, can sacrifice even
life. Indeed, man is faced with the dilemma: either a long,
endlessly boring life, grey as autumn and sickeningly
monotonous, followed by a senseless death, imperceptible
and purposeless; or, bright as the first ray of the rising sun.</p>

<p> * Maria Lvovna Markus later became the wife of S. M. Kirov.</p>

239

<p> a beautiful, blissfully glorious moment full of life,


excitement and delight, no more than a moment followed by the
final chord-death. And you prefer the latter.... .</p>

<p> <em>Tomsk, December 13, 1911</em></p>

<p> <em>.. </em>. The man is happy who does not notice how the years
pass.... But profoundly sad is the position of the man
who feels how the minutes pass....</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> It is often said: &quot;I can do <em>nothing.&quot;</em> This is a profound
mistake. Man <em>cannot</em> do nothing, the psychology and
physiology and everything else rise up against it and man
perishes .. . from doing nothing (!). The most terrible end
of all!...</p>

<p> From the Report</p>

<p> at the Fourth Astrakhan Gubernia


Congress of Soviets</p>

<p> <em>November 22, 1919</em></p>

<p> <em>. .</em>. Those who think that our task is to destroy as many
enemies as possible are wrong. Often the slander is spread
against us, the Communists, that we do not value human
blood. This is not true. It is a foul slander. We have a
sacred respect for human blood. I would like you to show
me the representatives of political parties or groups in
Russia who would dare to assert that they value and love the
workers and peasants more than the Party of the
Communists does....</p>

<p> From the Speech at a Meeting


in the Public Gardens, Astrakhan</p>

<p> <em>September 4,1919</em></p>

<p> It will soon be two years since the whole of Russia


became divided into two fighting camps-bourgeoisie and
proletariat. Many of us are now groaning and weeping and
are unwilling to see what is taking place all round. Yet
something great is taking place: two enormous
giantsbourgeoisie and proletariat-are in a life and death combat.
And he who does not take part in this struggle, he who
runs away from it, hoping to hide from it, is a deserter
and traitor to his class, his children and his brothers. There
cannot be, nor must be, any non-partisans now....</p>

<p> From the Report</p>

<p> at the First City Delegate Meeting


of Astrakhan Women Workers</p>

<p> <em>December 4,1919</em></p>

<p> ... If we call you to join our ranks, it is not in order


to mitigate the wrath of our fighters, but to instil in them
fresh courage and faith in victory.</p>

<p> What we expect from you is not hopeless grief and the
tears of the mother but a call to struggle.</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> We need the honest mind and honest heart of the
proletarian working woman. We call on you, comrades
women, to help, and to take part in the struggle for a
bright future.</p>

140

141

<p> <b>From the Report</b></p>

<p> <b>at a Meeting of Tiflis Party Workers


and Trade Unionists</b></p>

<p> <em>April <b>6,1921</b></em></p>

<p> <em>.. </em>. We represent such solid ranks, such <em>a</em> mighty power
that it is not for nothing that we are called the first and
only Party in the world for unanimity, 'discipline,
persistence and self-sacrifice. These qualities of our Party are
one of the chief reasons for the strength of workers' and
peasants' government and the growing achievements of
the proletarian revolution,.. .</p>

<p> .. . From the point of view of proprietary psychology,


what we are doing is robbery, and that is what they call
us on all sides---robbers. <em>Yes, we are robbers; we rob
those who rob the oppressed; we take- away from those
who have a surplus in order to feed those who have
nothing...</em>.</p>

<p> <em>.. </em>. And since, in spite of all the severest trials, in spite
of the incredible difficulties, our Party has not faltered,
has not lost heart, but, on the contrary, rejuvenated,
cheerful, breathing with vital forces, stands guard over the
interests of the working people of the world-zye <em>are all
confident that very soon summoning bells will ring with
such a mighty and devastating force that all the old
foundations of the bourgeois world will tremble and shake
and it will collapse tor all time</em>.</p>

<p> <b>From the Speech</b></p>

<p> <b>at the Opening Session of the First Conference


of Georgian Trade Unions</b></p>

<p> <em>June 12, 1921</em></p>

<p> ... It should be remembered that the struggle for the


happiness of the workers and peasants does not consist
only in going into battle breast-forward, and rifle in hand.
The position that has been won must be consolidated day
by day. Marx, one of the first teachers of socialism, said
that the new system of mankind is born in indescribable

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
travail.</p>

<p> For the workers and peasants to be victorious, iron


steadfastness and fraternal organisation are necessary.
One for all and all for one. ...</p>

<p> <b>From the Report</b></p>

<p> <b>at a Meeting of the Communist Group</b></p>

<p> <b>of the Congress of Chairmen of Uyezd,</b></p>

<p> <b>Volost and City Executive Committees of Leningrad</b></p>

<p> <em>January 19, 1926</em></p>

<p> ... If you have made a mistake, it must be brought out


if not into god's then into our own communist light of day,
examined from all sides, taken apart into its sections, and
the comrades helped to understand how they came to
reach such erroneous conclusions. Such a comrade must
be helped to correct his mistake, if he can correct it, and
then the other comrades and the Party as a whole must be</p>

143

142

<p> given warning. If it so happens that one unfortunate


morning you become lame in the left leg, then you can
gradually so move to the left that you will become more
left than the left side itself.</p>

<p> It will sound very fine that you are against the Nepman,
against the kulak, against wage labour, against all kinds
of deviations and conciliatory things, that you are a
thoroughly left person, but you may go too far, dear
comrade, and this is beyond any doubt, just as there is no
doubt that it is equally dangerous for you and for the Party
whether you stray too far to the right or too far to the
left.</p>

<p> Every deviation, every departure from the Party position


is extremely dangerous for us at a time like this. I have
already pointed out, in connection with the general
questions facing us, that it is wrong to delude ourselves with
&quot;thank God everything is going quietly and smoothly
with us''.</p>

<p> We still have colossal difficulties ahead of us and for


that reason any kind of slackness in the Party, any kind
of deviation in different directions-right or left-will
undoubtedly cause tremendous harm to our work. There
have been differences. We have resolved these differences.

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
There are the Congress decisions and we now suggest that
these decisions be regarded as the only ones we can have
at our disposal now. These decisions have to be carried out
thoroughly and conscientiously, not by formal submission,
but by carrying them out properly. ...</p>

<p> .. . We were able in complete isolation, under the


hardest conditions, to defend our workers' and peasants' native
land. I think we shall most certainly be able to defend
ourselves in the future against every external encumbrance.
But woe to our revolution, woe to the dictatorship of the</p>

<p> proletariat if we confuse our own communist ranks. We


have lived for two years without Lenin, without the great
leader and founder of our Party and state. In Lenin's
place we have millions of Party members, the enormous
collective which now exists. We must preserve the unity
of this collective by all means.</p>

<p> <b>From the Speech at the Celebration Meeting</b></p>

<p> <b>of the Seventh Leningrad


Gubernia Congress of Trade Unions</b></p>

<p> <em>November 22, 1926</em></p>

<p> <em>. . </em>. Every worker must be made the real master of the
country, we must make every worker so .politically
conscious that actually at every moment, at every post he
can be of maximum use to our workers' and peasants'
state....</p>

<p> <b>From the Report at a City Meeting


of Leningrad Propagandists</b></p>

<p> <em>October 8, 1927</em></p>

<p> <em>. . </em>. But it was not this iron discipline that was &quot;to
blame&quot; for the historic importance of our Communist
Party; what was &quot;to blame&quot; was that every Party member
knew sufficiently fully these fundamentals of the
workingclass Marxist world outlook. It is this that explains the
especial persistence and especial firmness that is
characteristic of the life and activity of our Party. Then, every Party</p>

144

<p> 10-2618</p>

145

<p> member and the Party as a whole felt particularly


keenlyI cannot choose another expression-the tremendous moral
justice of their cause, everyone knew that he had underfoot

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
firm, reliable ground, to slip from which it was on no
account permissible.</p>

<p> It was also this, comrades, that served as the main


reason for the fact that our Party, at that time surrounded
by a great variety of trends, about which you all know
perfectly well, and which numerically and in the sense of
their social weight, if one can so express it, were superior
to our Party, nevertheless was able to defend its positions
and was able to perform the great work, which we are
now continuing....</p>

<p> deed be a real realm of free labour, where there will truly
be full, real equality, where all that is called inequality
among people will be done away with, leaving no trace. ...</p>

<p> <b>Revolutionary, Devoted Work Is What


Is Required from Every Bolshevik</b></p>

<p> ... <em>Revolutionary, self-sacrificing and devoted work is


required from the Bolshevik-ihis</em> is what distinguishes us
from every other party. <em>For this, it is necessary to
strengthen the link with the masses, to be more frequently there</em>,
where socialism is being built-in the factories, in the state
farms and collective farms. It is there that every Bolshevik
should learn, become educated and steeled.</p>

<p> Our whole Party life should be built in such a way as


to strengthen the Bolshevik might by Leninist studies,
where living revolutionary practice combines with the
theory of Marxism-Leninism. Then, in all the work ahead
as well, we shall be real followers of Lenin, the founder
of our Party___</p>

<p> ... Do not forget that <em>our Bolshevik Party has always
differed from all other parties in that it did not separate
words from deeds, in that it firmly carries out its
decisions in spite of everything, because these decisions are
the correct and only possible ones, and are bound to bring
victory</em>.</p>

<p> ... It is not easy to work in the Bolshevik way. <em>He


alone works in the Bolshevik way who puts the interests
of the building of socialism above all else, for whom the
interests of our common cause axe dear beyond all else</em>.</p>

<p> <b>From the Speech at the Celebration Meeting</b></p>

<p> <b>of the Leningrad Soviet</b></p>

<p> <b>on the Tenth Anniversary</b></p>

<p> <b>of the October Socialist Revolution</b></p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> <em>November 6,1927</em></p>

<p> <em>.. </em>. We, comrades, are building our society not only in
such a way as to add to our national wealth. No, far more
complicated and serious tasks confront us. Every minute
we should see to it that the principles for the sake of
which we raised the great October banner, the principles
which are called socialist principles, play an ever greater
role in this augmenting of wealth. In industry, in
agriculture and in our trade-in all spheres of our work, we
should never for a moment forget, nor do we forget, that
we are not simply building a new society, but are building
<em>socialist</em> society. We are building a society which will in-</p>

146

<p> 10*</p>

147

<p> <em>who sets an example</em> of <em>discipline, higher labour


productivity and an exemplary attitude to collective farm
property...</em>.</p>

<p> ... By <em>its whole struggle, by its entire existence, the


Young Communist League has indeed written glorious and
heroic pages in history, rousing and elevating toiling
mankind</em>.</p>

<p> <em>. .</em>. And those of us who were then at the front remember
what a tremendous, I would say exceptional, role the
Young Communist League played then. It must be frankly
stated, comrades, that we Bolsheviks, people who,
generally speaking, know how to fight without sparing lives,
we too at times have looked with a kind of envy at the
heroes the Young Communist League then produced. ...</p>

<p> <b>KRUPSKAYA,</b></p>

<p> <b>NADEZHDA KONSTANT1NOVNA</b></p>

<p> <b><em>(1869-1939)</em></b></p>

<p> <b><em>---leading Soviet political figure;


outstanding pedagogue;
companion, wife and friend of
V. I. Lenin</em>.</b></p>

<IMG src="199-3.jpg" alt="199-3.jpg" style=" width:259.2pt; height:367.2pt;">

<p> <b>N-KRUPSKAYA</b></p>

<p> From the Speech at the Sixth Congress</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> of the Russian Leninist Young</p>

<p> Communist League</p>

<p> <em>July 12, 1924</em></p>

<p> <em>. .</em>. We should try to link our personal lives with the
cause for which we struggle, with the cause of building
communism.</p>

<p> This, of course, does not mean that we should renounce


our personal life. The Party of communism is not a sect,
and so such asceticism should not be advocated. At a
factory, I once heard a woman addressing her work-mates
say: &quot;Comrades working women, you should remember
that once you join the Party you have to give up husband
and children.''</p>

149

<p> Of course, this is not the approach to the question. It


is not <em>a</em> matter of neglecting husband and children, but
of training the children to become fighters for communism,
to arrange things so that the husband becomes such a
fighter, too. One has to know how to merge one's life with the
life of society. This is not asceticism,. On the contrary, the
fact of this merging, the fact that the common cause of all
working people becomes a -personal matter, makes
personal life richer. It does not become poorer, it offers deep
and colourful experiences which humdrum family life has
never provided. To know how to merge one's life with work
for communism, with the work and struggle of the working
people to build communism, is one of the tasks that face
us. You, young people, are only just starting out on your
lives, and you can build them so that there is no gap
between your personal life and that of society....</p>

<p> he was able, out of a number of insignificant points, to


catch the nature of the person, he was able to approach
people with remarkable sensitivity, to find in them all that
was good and of value and could be put to the service of
the common cause.</p>

<p> I often noticed how after meeting Ilyich people became


different, and for this the comrades loved Ilyich and he
himself gained as much from his meetings with them, as
very few people could gain. Not everyone can learn from
life, from other people. Ilyich knew how to. He never
used artifice or diplomacy in dealing with people, never
hoodwinked them, and people sensed his sincerity and
candour.</p>

<p> Concern for his comrades was characteristic of him. He


was concerned about them when he was in prison, at

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
liberty, in exile, in emigration and when he became Chairman
of the Council of People's Commissars. He was concerned
not only about his comrades, but even about people
complete strangers who needed his help. The only letter to me
from Ilyich which <em>I</em> have preserved contains this phrase:
&quot;The letters for help which sometimes come to you I read
and try to do what is possible.&quot; This was in the summer
of 1919, when Ilyich had more than enough other concerns.
The civil war was at its height. In the same letter he wrote:
&quot;It seems the Whites are in control of the Crimea again.&quot;
There were more than enough things to see to, but I never
heard Ilyich say he had no time, when it was a matter of
helping people.</p>

<p> He was always telling me that I should be more


concerned about the comrades <em>I</em> worked with and once, when
during a party purge one of my workers from the People's
Commissariat for-Education was unjustly attacked, he found
time to look through back numbers of publications in order
to find material confirming that the worker, even before</p>

<p> <b>From the Article


&quot;Lenin as a Man&quot;</b></p>

<p> Lenin was a revolutionary Marxist and collectivist to


the depths of his being. All his life and work was devoted
to one great goal-the struggle for the triumph of
socialism. This left its imprint on all his thoughts and feelings.
He had none of the pettiness, petty envy, anger,
revengefulness and vanity so much to be found in small--
propertyminded individualists.</p>

<p> Lenin fought, he put questions sharply; in argument


he introduced nothing personal but approached questions
from the point of view of the matter in question, and,
because of this, comrades were not usually offended at his
sharp manner. He observed people closely, listened to what
they had to say, tried to grasp the essential point, and so</p>

150

151

<p> October, when still a member of the Bund, had defended


the Bolsheviks.</p>

<p> Lenin was kind, some people say. But the word ``kind''
from the old language of ``virtue'' hardly suits Ilyich, it
is somehow inadequate and inaccurate.</p>

<p> The family or group clannishness so characteristic of


the old days was alien to Ilyich. He never separated the
personal from the social. With him it was all merged into
one. He could never have loved a woman whose views

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
differed from his own, who was not his comrade in work. He
had a habit of becoming passionately attached to people.
His attachment to Plekhanov from whom he got so much,
was typical in this respect, but it never prevented him
from fighting hard against Plekhanov when he saw that
Plekhanov was wrong, that his point of view harmed the
cause; it did not prevent him from breaking completely
with him when Plekhanov became a defencist*</p>

<p> Successful work delighted Ilyich. Work for the cause


was the mainspring of his life, what he loved and what
carried him away. Lenin tried to get as close as he could
to the masses and he was able to do so. Association with
workers gave him a very great deal. It gave him a real
understanding of the tasks of the struggle of the
proletariat at every stage. If we attentively study how Lenin
worked as a scholar, a propagandist, a man of letters, an
editor and organiser, we shall also understand him as a
man....</p>

<p> From the Article


&quot;Lenin on Communist Morality&quot;</p>

<p> Lenin was of the generation that grew up under the


influence of Pisarev, Shchedrin, Nekrasov, Dobrolyubov
and Chernyshevsky,* of the revolutionary-democratic poets
of the sixties. The <em>Iskra**</em> poets mercilessly ridiculed the
survivals of the old serfdom, they flayed depravity,
servility, toadying, double-dealing, philistinism and
bureaucratic methods. The writers of the 1860's advocated making a
closer study of life and disclosing the survivals of the old
feudal system. From his earliest years Lenin loathed
philistinism, gossip, futile time-wasting, family life &quot;separated
from social interests&quot;, making women a plaything, an
amusement, or a submissive slave. He despised the sort
of life that is full of insincerity and easy adaptation
to circumstances. Ilyich was particularly fond of
Chernyshevsky's novel <em>What Is to Be Done?;</em> he loved
the keen satire of Shchedrin, loved the <em>Iskra</em> poets,
many of whose verses he knew by heart, and he loved
Nekrasov.</p><p>
&#8226;</p>

<p> For many long years Vladimir Ilyich had to live in


emigration in Germany, Switzerland, England and France. He
went to workers' meetings, looked closely at the lives of</p>

<p> * Participants in the revolutionary-liberation movement in Russia


in the second half of the 19th century. This movement produced
prominent political figures, philosophers (Chernyshevsky), publicists (
Dobrolyubov, Pisarev), writers and poets (Nekrasov, Shchedrin).</p>

<p> ** <em>Iskra-a</em> Russian satirical magazine published in St. Petersburg


in 1859-1873, a leading printed organ of the revolutionary-democratic

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
trend. Its distinctive feature was its irreconcilable attitude toward
reactionaries and liberals and its quick reaction to current political
events. <em>Iskra</em> played an important role in the ideological education of
the democratic intelligentsia.</p>

<p> * Defencists-representatives of petty-bourgeois parties, who during


the First World War .(1914-1918) openly supported imperialist
governments and demanded rejection of the class struggle.</p>

<p> <em>J53</em></p>

<p> the workers, saw how they lived at home and spent their
leisure hours in cafes or out walking. ...</p>

<p> . .. Abroad we lived pretty poorly, for the most part


lodging in cheap hired rooms where all kinds of people
lived; we were boarded by a variety of landladies and ate
in cheap restaurants. Ilyich was very fond of the Paris
cafes, where in democratic songs singers sharply criticised
bourgeois democracy and the day-to-day aspect of life.
Ilyich particularly liked the songs of Montegus, the son of
a Communard, who wrote good verses about life in the
<em>faubourgs</em> (city outskirts). Ilyich once met and talked with
Montegus at an evening party, and they conversed long
after midnight about the revolution, the workers'
movement and how socialism would create a new, socialist way
of life.</p>

<p> Vladimir Ilyich always closely associated the questions


of morality with those of the world outlook. . ..</p>

<p> ... In his speech on October 2, 1920, at the Third


Congress of the Young Communist League, Vladimir Ilyich
dwelt on communist morality, gave simple, concrete
examples to explain the essence of communist morality. He
told his audience that feudal and bourgeois morality is
downright deception, the hoodwinking and befooling of
workers and peasants in the interests of the landlords and
capitalists; and that communist morality derives from the
interests of the class struggle of the proletariat. He said
that communist morality should aim at raising human
society to a higher level, getting rid of the exploitation of
labour. At the root of communist morality lies the struggle
to strengthen and finally achieve communism. Lenin gave
concrete examples to show the importance of solidarity, the
ability to master oneself, to work tirelessly for what is</p>

154

<p> needed to consolidate the new social system, the need for
great and conscious discipline to this end, the need for
strong solidarity in the fulfilment of set tasks. Ilyich
told the young people that it was necessary for them to
devote all their work, all their efforts to the common

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
cause.</p>

<p> And Lenin's own life was a model of how this should be
done. Ilyich could not live any other way, he did not know
how to. But he was not an ascetic; he loved skating and
fast cycling, mountain-climbing and hunting; he loved
music and life in all its many-sided beauty; he loved his
comrades, loved people in general. Everyone knows of his
simplicity, his merry, infectious laughter. But everything
about him was subordinated to the one thing-the struggle
for a bright, enlightened, prosperous life of meaning and
happiness for all. And nothing gladdened him so much as
the successes achieved in this struggle. The personal side
of him merged naturally with his social activity. . ..</p>

<p> From a Letter to A. M. Gorky</p>

<p> <em>September 20, 1932</em></p>

<p> ... To build socialism means not only building gigantic


factories and flour mills. This is essential but not enough
for building socialism. People must grow in mind and heart.
And on the basis of this individual growth of each in our
conditions a new type of mighty socialist collective will
in the long run be formed, where ``I'' and ``we'' will merge
into one inseparable whole. Such a collective can only
develop on the basis of profound ideological solidarity and
an equally profound emotional rapprochement, mutual
understanding.</p>

355

<p> And 'here, art, and literature in particular, can play a


quite exceptional role. In <em>Capital</em>, Marx has a marvellous
chapter* which I want to translate into the simplest
language that even the semi-literate can understand, the
chapter on co-operation, where he writes that the collective gives
birth to a new force. It is not just the sum-total of people,
the sum-total of their forces, but a completely new, much
more powerful, force. In his chapter on co-operation Marx
writes about the new material force. But when, on its basis,
unity of consciousness and will springs up, it becomes an
indomitable force. ...</p>

<p> street and frequently of hostile hooligan elements.


Questions concerning the organisation of the children's out--
ofschool hours, the Young Pioneer movement, the provision
of libraries and workshops and social work for the
children, are of tremendous importance. Here, working men
and women can do a very great deal. I firmly trust that
this discussion of school and out-of-school education by the
working people of the Trekhgornaya Manufaktura Mills
will provide an impetus to this work.</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> <em>N, Krupskaya</em></p>

<p> <b>Letter to Working</b> Men <b>and Women


at the Trekhgornaya Manufaktura Mills</b></p>

<p> <b>From a Letter</b></p>

<p> <b>to the Party and Komsomol Members,


the Factory Committee, the Management</b></p>

<p> <b>and the Entire Collective


of the Clara Zetkin Factory</b></p>

2033

<p> It is to be welcomed in every way that the


Trekhgornaya Manufaktura Mills has seriously taken up the
question of educating children. It is a highly important
question.</p>

<p> Much attention has recently been devoted to universal


education, strengthening the schools and improving
teaching methods. But not everything, by a long way, has yet
been done. Working men and women need to get closer to
the school, to take a deeper interest in its work. They can
help a great deal in the teaching work and in communist
education.</p>

<p> Children spend the greater part of their time outside


the school. Here they come under the influence of the</p>

2935

<p> ... The woman today is not simply a man's wife, she is a
social worker, she wants to educate her children in the
new way, she wants her whole day-to-day life to be
rearranged on new lines. At every step she feels she lacks
knowledge.</p>

<p> It is necessary that at your factory, which bears the


name of the great revolutionary Clara Zetkin, a woman
who fought passionately for the emancipation of
womenworkers, it should be a matter of honour for all factory
organisations to see to it that not a single person remains
illiterate at the factory, that every working woman should
become more literate.</p>

<p> It is not only the youth that is studying today; everyone


for whom the cause of Marx, Engels and Lenin is dear is</p>

<p> * N. K. Krupskaya is referring to Chapter XI of Marx's <em>Capital</em>.</p>

156

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
131

<p> studying. All politically-conscious working people in our


Land of Soviets which has travelled such a hard road of
struggle and has trained in this struggle self-sacrificing
fighters who have achieved tremendous successes, are
studying hard....</p>

<p> come true to life, and there will be something that would</p>

<p> stir you.</p>

<p> There is often a great deal of snobbish conceit in


budding writers-and even frequently in workers' children, but
[it] has to be thoroughly washed away.</p>

<p> With comradely greetings,</p>

<p> <em>N. Ktupskaya</em></p>

<p> <b>Letter to a Budding</b> Writer*</p>

<p> <em>July 3, 1936</em></p>

<p> Dear Comrade!</p>

<p> It seems to me that you are not on the right road. If


you wish to become a real poet, a writer, whom the masses
would love and appreciate, you have to work a great deal
on yourself. Here no universities, no writers' unions will
help.</p>

<p> I cannot see from your letter what grieves your heart,
what---apart from your own literary career---disturbs you.
He who looks with indifference on life all round him &quot;from
the writer's carriage window&quot; will never become a real
writer. You have been in the Mining Institute, but have
you any idea about the life of the miners, about their state
of mind? They are one of the leading sections of the
proletariat, and you are not interested in them ... so far, I
hope.</p>

<p> In my opinion, you will not make an engineer, that


needs a different make-up, a different training.</p>

<p> I would advise you to go to work in a pit, to make use


of the knowledge you have acquired, to work side by side
with ordinary workers, to take a look at the way they live,
their home conditions. Then the themes for poems will</p>

<p> * The name of the addressee has not been ascertained.</p>

158

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> KHRUSHCHOV,
NIKITA SERGEYEVICH</p>

<p> (6. <em>April 17, 1894)</em></p>

<p> <b><em>---First Secretary of the. C. C.


C.P&pound;.U., Chairman of the Council
of Ministers of the US.S.R</em>.</b></p>

<IMG src="199-4.jpg" alt="199-4.jpg" style=" width:269.8pt; height:362.4pt;">

<p> <b>N-KHRUSHCHOV</b></p>

<p> <b>From the Report</b></p>

<p> <b>of the Central Committee of the Communist Party


of the Soviet Union to the 20th Party Congress</b></p>

<p> <em>February 14, 1956</em></p>

<p> <em>. . </em>. The millions of men and women of our glorious
working class, our engineers and technicians are searching
for and harnessing the enormous reserves latent in
socialist production with increasing vigour. Socialist emulation
is a striking expression of this. We must extend this
emulation movement, always remembering that it is not a
campaign, but the vital cause of millions of people, a
powerful force promoting the development and perfection of
socialist production. We are confident that our working</p>

<p> <b>11-2618</b></p>

161

<p> men and women, engineers, and technicians, will, by their


creative labour, ensure the successful fulfilment of the Sixth
Five-Year Plan.</p>

<p> the working people in town and country, to greater


cooperation in production between the working class and the
collective-farm peasantry, and to the development of the
creative activity of the popular masses.</p>

<p> ... The organic combination of socialist patriotism and


internationalism is the ideological basis for strengthening
the fraternal relations between the socialist nations. Our
Party was guided by this in the past and will continue so
to be guided in its national policy.</p>

<p> By intensifying the education of the masses in the spirit


of proletarian internationalism we have done everything
and will continue to do everything to aid the growth and
development of the national economy of all Union
republics, for the still greater enhancement of their culture,

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
national in form and socialist in content. At the same time,
we must resolutely repulse all manifestations of bourgeois
ideology, including nationalism, safeguard the purity of
our communist ideology, and work tirelessly to unite the
peoples of the U.S.S.R. still more firmly and to further
strengthen their great friendship.</p>

<p> ... A major historic gain of our Party is the fact that
under the socialist system new people have developed,
active and conscious builders of communism. It would,
however, be wrong to think that the survivals of capitalism
in the minds of people have been done away with.
Unfortunately, we still find in our splendid and industrious
Soviet family people who take no part in productive
labour, perform no useful work for family or society. We
also come across people who maliciously violate the rules
of our socialist community. It is impossible to put an end
to these ugly manifestations merely by administrative
measures, without participation by the masses themselves. In</p>

<p> ... There are not a few comrades who, though they have
earned pensions, do not wish to give up their active efforts
in our Party's cause. As an example I could cite Comrade
Orlovsky, a Communist, who is now working as chairman
of the Rassvet Collective Farm in the Byelorussian
Republic.</p>

<p> Comrade Orlovsky served in the forces many years.


During the war he courageously fought the enemy. He was
awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for valour
and courage. He lost an arm in the war and retired with the
rank of lieutenant-colonel. He was deservedly given a
pension on which he could get along quite well. But as a
Communist he did not reconcile himself to the position of a
pensioner; he went to his Regional Party Committee and
asked for an assignment in the frontline, as chairman of a
collective farm. He was recommended for election as
chairman of the Rassvet Collective Farm. Comrade Orlovsky
threw himself into the work, and under his management
the collective farm has moved up from among the laggards
to a place among the leaders. Today this collective farm
is famous throughout the Soviet Union. There's a real
communist patriot for you!...</p>

<p> ... The foundation of the moral and political unity of


the whole of Soviet society-a foundation as firm as granite
-is the indestructible alliance of the working class and the
peasantry welded by the Party. The important measures
which the Party has carried out in industry and agriculture
contribute to the further improvement of the well-being of</p>

162

<p> 11*</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
163

<p> this matter, public opinion has a great role to play. It is


necessary to create such an atmosphere that people
violating standards of conduct, the principles of Soviet morality,
should feel that their actions are condemned by the whole
of society. We must make indefeasible the following
provision of our Constitution-one of its cornerstones-&quot;Work
in the U.S.S.R. is a duty and a matter of honour for every
able-bodied citizen, in accordance with the principle: 'He
who does not work, neither shall he eat.' &quot;</p>

<p> It is the bounden duty of Party, Government, Y.C.L., and


trade-union organisations to carry on vigorously the noble
work of fostering in the Soviet youth and all working
people a socialist attitude towards work and public property,
and to educate them in the spirit of the great ideas of
Marxism-Leninism.</p>

<p> ... The Communist Party of the Soviet Union is the


ruling party, and everything that happens on Soviet soil is
of vital interest to the Party as a whole and to each
of its members. A Communist has no right to be a mere
onlooker.</p>

<p> That is why the Party demands of Party cadres that they
should not divorce Party work from economic work, that
their economic leadership should be concrete and based on
knowledge of the business. This, of course, does not imply
confusing the functions of Party bodies with those of
economic bodies, or substitution of Party bodies for economic
bodies. That would obliterate personal responsibility and
lead to irresponsibility. What is meant is that Party work
should be concentrated on organising and educating the
masses, on improving guidance of the economy, on
promoting the continuous development of our socialist
economy, on raising the living standards of the Soviet people,
and advancing their culture.</p>

<p> <em>..</em>. Communism will bring about the fullest


development of all the productive forces of society; it will be a
social system where all the fountains of social wealth will
flow freely, where every individual will work with
enthusiasm according to his abilities and be compensated for
his labour according to his needs. On this basis the
prerequisites will be created for the all-round development of
the individual, of every member of communist society.</p>

<p> From the Speech


at the Meeting of Komsomol Members</p>

<p> and the Youth of Moscow</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> on the Occasion of the Departure</p>

<p> of the First Group of Volunteers</p>

<p> for Construction Sites in the East of the U.S.S.R.</p>

<p> <em>June 2, 1956</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. Millions of Soviet people took part in the Patriotic


War. Many of them showed examples of courage,
resourcefulness and heroism. But anyone else finding himself in the
position of the pilot Maresyev,* after he had lost both
legs, might have lost the will to live and his interest in
life. But what did this man do? He found strength in
himself to overcome his serious physical handicap, learned to
walk and again joined the ranks. When the war ended,
Comrade Maresyev entered an academy, graduated
successfully and is now working as a teacher. This, indeed,
is the real Soviet man, the real Communist! . . .</p>

<p> * Alexei Petrovich Maresyev was the prototype of the hero in the
book <em>The Story About a Real Man</em> written by the Soviet writer Boris
Polevoi.</p>

164

<p> ... Difficult conditions are a relative concept. You must


train yourselves to overcome the greatest difficulties of all,
then the hardest will seem lighter. You will have to create
your own living conditions in the new districts with your
own hands. There is no other way out, comrades! So it is
good that you are going as a collective. You know one
another and will give moral support to those who may
need it....</p>

<p> foundations. And it is here that the enemies of socialism


direct their blows. They would very much like to shake the
unity of the socialist countries, to divide them and then
assail them one by one. To this we can say to our
illwishers: your efforts, gentlemen, are in vain!</p>

<p> We will firmly and consistently carry into life the great
ideas of Marxism-Leninism, strengthen the fraternal
friendship between the socialist countries and unswervingly
pursue the Leninist policy of peaceful coexistence of states
with differing political systems. We want to live in peace
and co-operate with all states irrespective of their social
regimes, provided they, too, pursue a peaceful policy....</p>

<p> ... The Soviet Union builds its relations with states in
a way that is not detrimental to other states. In the
socialist camp these relations derive from fraternal mutual aid,
as in a close-knit family, where brother helps brother. It
is a pleasure to help when the help benefits the fraternal

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
people, when it furthers the economic advancement of a
country which is working to strengthen the common camp
of the socialist states. That is the main thing, comrades.
That has been and will continue to be our standpoint.</p>

<p> We must help one another and use the achievements


of each of the socialist countries in the interests of our
common cause. The working class of the Soviet Union has
rich experience because it won power and set about
building the new life earlier than the others. <em>I</em> have no desire
whatever to convince those who try to minimise the
significance of the Soviet Union's experience. And it is just
because the Soviet Union has this rich experience in socialist
construction, because it is the most powerful country in
the socialist camp that the imperialists direct their main
blow against the Soviet Union. But if we, all the socialist</p>

<p> <b>From the Answers to Questions Put


by the Editors of <em>Rude Pravo</em></b></p>

<p> <em>January 1, 1957</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. We must be keenly alive to our momentous


responsibility and mobilise our forces to strengthen the
Communist and Workers' Parties, strengthen proletarian solidarity
and the unity of our ranks, cement the unity of the
international labour movement and be faithful to the principles
of Marxism-Leninism, the principles of proletarian
internationalism, and to our battle slogan: &quot;Workers of All
Countries, Unite!&quot;.. .</p>

<p> <b>From the Speech at a Reception</b></p>

<p> <b>at the Embassy of the People's Republic</b></p>

<p> <b>of Bulgaria</b></p>

<p> <em>February 18, 1952</em></p>

<p> <em>.. </em>. Fraternal friendship is the greatest gain and


happiness of our peoples. Unity of political views, unity of
ideology of the socialist-camp countries, is the foundation of</p>

166

<p> countries, strengthen and develop our commonwealth,


firmly pursue the Leninist policy, we shall go straight ahead
to the complete victory of communism....</p>

<p> est tasks for the sake of the welfare and happiness of the
people and they spare no efforts to achieve them.</p>

<p> ... The Party demands that every Communist, everyone


working in the organs of the Party and the state should

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
feel highly responsible for the work assigned and strictly
punishes all those who in their practical work deviate from
the Party's political line, forget the interests of the Party
and the people. Neither the post a worker occupies nor
his past services can protect him from criticism and from
responsibility to the Party and the people.</p>

<p> The whole question is from what standpoint, and for the
sake of what, the criticism is made. We reveal and criticise
shortcomings and mistakes in order to eliminate them
as obstacles in our path, in order further to strengthen our
Soviet system and the positions of the Communist Party,
to ensure new achievements and more rapid progress.</p>

<p> ... The strength of Soviet socialist society lies in the


unity of the Communist Party and the people. The policy
of the Communist Party which expresses the fundamental
interests of the people, forms the living basis of the
Soviet social and state system. It would, therefore, be a
mistake to think that in our Soviet conditions it is possible
to serve the people without taking an active part in
implementing the policy of the Communist Party. It is not
possible to want to go with the people without sharing the
views of the Party, its political line. Whoever wants to be
with the people will always be with the Party. Whoever
adheres firmly to Party positions will always be with the
people.</p>

<p> ... The truthful portrayal of the life of society, of


people, in works of literature and art, presupposes showing</p>

<p> From the Speech</p>

<p> ``For a Closer Bond Between Literature


and Art and the Life of the People&quot;</p>

<p> <em>May-July, 1957</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. We Communists are people of vigorous


revolutionary action, we consider it our task to transform the world,
to build communist society. The strength of our theory lies
in the fact that it is closely connected with life, that it
sums up the theoretical experience of millions, defends the
fundamental interests of the working people who comprise
the majority of the world's population. The strength of
Marxist-Leninist theory lies in the fact that it is
essentially revolutionary, it does not tolerate stagnation, routine
and inertia, it illumines the path to the communist future,
leads people forward by helping them to overcome
difficulties and obstacles on the path to this goal.</p>

<p> Marxists-Leninists act as the creators of the new life,


as people of great revolutionary thought, of bold fantasy,
of winged dreams. At the same time they are people of the

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
earth with two feet planted firmly on the ground of living
reality, sober politicians who in their work take all the
real conditions and possibilities into account, who are not
afraid of difficulties, who do not conceal contradictions,
who are able openly and honestly to tell their people the
whole truth, no matter how bitter at times. The
Communists, Lenin's pupils and followers, set themselves the bold-</p>

168

169

<p> the positive, bright aspects of socialist reality, which form


its basis, and, at the same time, criticising the
shortcomings, revealing and condemning all negative phenomena
which hold back our advance.</p>

<p> ... We have resolutely and irreconcilably opposed, and


will oppose, the lop-sided, unfair, untruthful interpretation
in&quot; literature and art of our life. We oppose those who seek
out in life only the negative facts and gloat about them,
who try to run down and besmirch our Soviet way of life.
We also oppose those who paint gilded, sugary pictures,
insulting the feelings of our people, who will not accept
or tolerate insincerity... .</p>

<p> Ukrainians and other nationalities of the U.S.S.R.-and the


miners of Czechoslovakia, whose ranks include Czechs,
Slovaks, Poles and other nationalities. There is no reason why
we shouldn't maintain these relations of brotherhood since
we are fighting for a common cause....</p>

<p> ... We are for the freedom of labour, for the freedom of
people, for freedom only for those who work, who create
material values for society. This man, the creator of values,
should be the real master of his destiny. The reins of
government should be in his hands, he should administer state
and dispose of the country's wealth.</p>

<p> Which system can provide this? Only the socialist


system. Which party stands for this? Only the Marxist--
Leninist party. That is why the people, the working class, rally
under the banner of the Communist and Workers' Parties
which adhere to the Marxist-Leninist teaching....</p>

<p> <b>From the Answers


to Questions Put by J. Reston</b></p>

<p> <b><em>New York Times</em>


Chief Diplomatic Correspondent</b></p>

<p> <b>From the Speech


at a Soviet-Czechoslovak Friendship Meeting</b></p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> <b>in Ostrava During the Visit</b></p>

<p> <b>of Soviet Party and Government Delegation</b></p>

<p> <b>to Czechoslovakia</b></p>

<p> <em>July 13,1952</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. The new, socialist society, a society in which labour


rules, has been established in our country. As Soviet
people, we are proud to have been the first to enter into the
kingdom of labour, where he who works is honoured and
esteemed and where he who lives on another man's labour
is an object of contempt.</p>

<p> ... The most friendly relations exist between the


workers and all the working people of our two countries. There
is firm friendship, between the Soviet miners-Russians,</p>

<p> <em>October 7, 1952</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. We have always been and continue to be for


peaceful coexistence between states with different social systems,
for peaceful coexistence between the socialist and
capitalist countries. Peace is the cornerstone of our foreign policy.
Why? Because in our country there are no classes
interested in seizing foreign lands and enslaving other peoples,
or in profiting by the arms race. Because we need peace
in order to build communism, to create an abundance of
material values for all the members of our Soviet society.</p>

171

130

<p> We stand for peaceful coexistence not because we are


weak, not because we are afraid of the imperialists, but
because a new war, involving modern lethal weapons, like
thermonuclear bombs and the means to deliver them, like
the intercontinental ballistic missile, would spell death for
millions upon millions of people and the destruction of
enormous material values, the fruit of the labour of many
generations.</p>

<p> We are Communists, and the communist ideology is the


world's most humane ideology. We believe there is nothing
more precious than man himself, and, hence, will spare no
effort to deliver mankind from the menace of another
world carnage....</p>

<p> ... According to Marxist-Leninist teaching, with the


development of socialist society and its institutions, with the
development of man in that society, the rise of his cultural
standards, and the education of new moral qualities in

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
people, there will no longer be any need for a number of
state bodies required now to put down the attempts of the
enemies of socialism to deprive the working people of
their great gains or to introduce various abnormalities into
the life of our country. When our society reaches the stage
of communism, only those institutions will remain which
are needed to organise the normal life of society, for
example, the further development of industry, farming and
culture, the promotion of the standard of living, etc. We
have no exploiting classes even now, but then we will have
no classes and no class distinctions. Under communism
there will be genuine freedom, fraternity and equality of
all people in society....</p>

<p> <b>From the Interview Given</b></p>

<p> <b>to Henry Shapiro,


Correspondent of United Press Agency</b></p>

<p> <em>November 14, 1952</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. The communist education of man cannot be effected


by the wave of a magic wand. It is a process of struggle
in the development of culture, in moulding the outlook of
the Soviet man. The healthy trend challenges negative
manifestations, bourgeois survivals and bourgeois
influence. And this influence is not only possible, it is
inevitable, because there are still capitalist countries in a
considerable part of the world.</p>

<p> ... For the Soviet writer or artist who loves his people,
the Party spirit in his work, the desire to be of service to
his people, is a natural necessity. This has been
excellently expressed by our writers and artists themselves. The
Party spirit is no burden for anyone provided it follows
from the essence of his convictions.</p>

<p> ... If a writer serves the people, lives with the people
and is their servant, his work fuses with the interests of
the people, the interests of the Communist Party and his
own personal interests. The Communist Party is the
vanguard, the most advanced part of the people. The Party
has no interests other than the interests of the people. It
gives priority to the interests of the people, to improving
the well-being and furthering the advance of our socialist
society towards communism. Thus, identity has developed
between the aspirations of the people and the Party which</p>

<p> <em>1JZ</em></p>

173

<p> is the vanguard o&pound; society. Literature plays a prominent


role, helping the Party to educate the people correctly, to

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
impart to them the advanced, progressive ideas which guide
our Party. So, you see, it is not accidental that we call
writers the engineers of the human soul....</p>

<p> From the Interview Given


to W. R. Hearst, U. S. Newspaper Magnate</p>

<p> <em>November 22, 1957</em></p>

<p> ... We Communists, the Soviet politicians, are atheists.


But we set high value on our pledges, on our word, and
we never break our pledges. We value the life of man and
devote all our efforts to ensuring that the people of our
country have a good, happy life, that all Soviet people be
equal in their rights and duties, that they have all the
possibilities for enjoying the fruits of their labour. We
Communists are fighting actively to prevent war, are doing
everything that there be no new war.. ..</p>

<p> From the Answers to Questions Put</p>

<p> by Brazilian Journalists


Victorio Martorelli and Tito Fleury</p>

<p> <em>November 21, 1957</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. The sputniks serve, as it were, to sum up the


competition between the socialist and capitalist countries. And
socialism has won in this competition. After taking power,
the workers and peasants of our country surmounted
tremendous difficulties and wiped out tsarist Russia's former
backwardness, built up a mighty industry, mechanised
socialist agriculture and trained numerous intellectuals of
their own. Socialism has brought forth people who are
blazing new trails in science and technology. Thanks to the
efforts of Soviet scientists, engineers and workers, the
Soviet Union was the first to launch the artificial earth
satellites. And that is just another vivid proof that the
economy, science and culture and the people's creative
genius in all spheres of life develop better and faster under
socialism....</p>

<p> From the Speech


at the Ninth Session of the U.S.S.R.</p>

<p> Supreme Soviet


(Fourth Convocation)</p>

<p> <em>December 21, 1957</em></p>

<p> <em>. .</em>. The Communists, stepping out along their own road,
are marching from victory to victory. They are inspired
by the noble ideas of scientific communism which expresses
the fundamental interests of the working class, of all

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
working people. That is why the Communists have no need to
impose their ideas by force. Theirs are the most
progressive ideas of our epoch, they are found wherever people
live. These ideas&quot;'cannot be destroyed just as the people
cannot be destroyed....</p>

174

115

<p> <b>From the Speech


at the Thirteenth</b> Congress <b>of the Komsomol</b></p>

<p> <em>April 18, 1958</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. Lenin's behest-to study-is still a law for our youth---</p>

<p> ... Nor can our youth mark time and be content with
what has been achieved. You should know that no one
will do our job for us. That is why it is extremely necessary
for each to understand his personal responsibility in the
common work. We must not waste even an hour on getting
started and on contemplation. In the era of the gigantic
competition between two systems-socialist and
capitalisttempo means a great deal. Every achievement, every move
forward on the economic front, is communist
construction.</p>

<p> We firmly believe that we shall build communist society,


the finest of all the societies on the earth. The Komsomol
members must be taught to have what I would call the
labour attitude to the understanding of communism.</p>

<p> In communist society each will work according to his


ability and receive according to his needs. The meaning of
this classic formula is that everyone will be more than an
onlooker or well-wisher of communism. He will work with
both sleeves rolled up like a true toiler of the new society.
Under communism, it will not be the life of the idle rich
where laziness and sloth reign, but a working, industrious,
cultured and interesting life!...</p>

<p> .. . Every kind of work at a factory or a collective farm,


an industrial enterprise, state farm, or institution, honest
and useful work for society, is sacred work necessary for
everyone who lives and enjoys the benefits of society.</p>

<p> Everyone who is capable of working and can work but


does not work is robbing those who do work, that is to</p>

276

<p> say, he is living at the expense of those who create material


and spiritual wealth. It is necessary to create an atmosphere

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
of social intolerance towards those who disdain work.</p>

<p> ... Everyone who lives in communist society should,


by his work, contribute his mite to the building and further
development of this society.</p>

<p> Training the rising generation for life, for useful labour,
cultivating in young people a profound respect for the
principles of socialist society, should become the most
important task of our schools. And here the Komsomol and
Young Pioneer organisations have a vast field for their
efforts.</p>

<p> The Soviet school is called upon to train highly-educated


people with a good knowledge of the fundamentals of
science, who, at the same time, are capable of systematic
work, to cultivate in young people a desire to be useful to
society, to take an active part in the production of the
wealth society needs....</p>

<p> ... Young people are inclined to be romantic. This is a


good thing. But Lenin's behest must not be forgotten: every
day in every town and every village, to find the practical
solution to one or other task of common labour, no matter
how small, ho matter how simple....</p>

<p> .. . The Young Communist League is called upon to give


support to and to develop among young people a love and
respect for every kind of work that the people need, for
every kind of profession....</p>

<p> ... It is necessary by joint effort, to help men to


overcome the difficulties and adversities of daily life, to see
to it that he does not halt in his development, does not</p>

<p> 12-2618</p>

111

<p> become tainted with the mildew of Philistinism. And if


this should occur, we must boldly direct on him the fire
of comradely criticism. When a man is fanned by a fresh
and vital wind, things turn out very well....</p>

<p> ... It is the noble duty of the Young Communist League


to educate the Soviet youth in the spirit of proletarian
internationalism, in the spirit that strengthens and extends the
fraternal bonds with the youth of the socialist countries,
with all the young people of the world who are struggling
for peace and democracy on our planet.</p>

<p> We have overcome not a few serious obstacles on the


path to communism. But the Party has never retreated from
the chosen path. The Communist Party is the most

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
revolutionary party.... It has always relied on the confidence and
support of broad masses of the people.</p>

<p> The Party has always been concerned for the training
of young forces capable of continuing its great cause and
carrying forward our glorious banner to the victorious
end,. ..</p>

<p> <em>of the masses, the more successfully the plans of


communist construction will be carried out</em>. That is why questions
of the communist education -of the people, particularly the
younger generation, are now of exceptionally great
importance.</p>

<p> <em>The purpose of all the ideological activities of our Party


and state is to develop the new traits of the Soviet people,
to educate them in the spirit of collectivism and industry,
socialist internationalism and patriotism, the lofty ethical
principles of the new society, in the spirit of
MarxismLeninism. To</em> achieve communism, the most just and perfect
human society, in which all the finest moral traits of the
free man will unfold to the full, we must educate the man
of the future today. Communist ethics should be developed
among Soviet people, ethics founded on devotion to
communism and intolerance of its enemies, on a sense of
social duty, active participation in work for the good of
society, voluntary observance of the basic norms of conduct,
comradely mutual assistance, honesty and truthfulness,
and intolerance of those who violate public order.</p>

<p> ... Socialism upholds a different ethical code--


cooperation and collectivism, friendship and mutual
assistance. It accentuates solicitude for the common good of
the people, for the all-round development of the human
personality in a collective where man to man is a friend
and brother, and not an enemy.</p>

<p> The champions of communism are inspired by the lofty


ideas of emancipating the masses from the tyranny of
capital and serving the common good of humanity. Their
personal example and behaviour are a paragon of great
moral force. Communists have never spared themselves,
nor their lives. They have fearlessly faced torture and
death for the realisation of their lofty ideals. Even now</p>

<p> <b>From the Report


on the Control Figures for the Economic Development</b></p>

<p> <b>of the U.S.S.R. for 1959-1965</b></p>

<p> <b>at the 21st Extraordinary Congress</b></p>

<p> <b>of the C.P.S.U.</b></p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> <em>January 27, 1959</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. What we need for the transition to communism is not


only a developed material and technical basis, but also a
high degree of political consciousness on the part of all
members of society. <em>The higher the political consciousness</em></p>

178

<p> 12*</p>

179

<p> many Communists are languishing in prisons and dungeons


in the capitalist countries for their humanistic convictions,
their devotion to the people and their selfless struggle for
the happiness of the people.</p>

<p> The great moral influence of the ideas of communism


in the socialist countries is vividly manifested in the
active participation of millions of people in building the
new life. Bourgeois politicians are unable to understand
the patriotism and labour enthusiasm of Soviet men and
women, who place the interests of society above their
personal interests, realising that under socialism the
wellbeing and happiness of people are ensured by the entire
society....</p>

<p> ... Education must above all be linked with reality,


with production, with the practical activities of the
masses. The Party makes the labour education of all people,
the encouragement of a conscious, communist attitude to
labour, the pivot of all educational activity. We want labour
-the source of all material and cultural values-to become
a prime vital necessity for the people.</p>

<p> Communist views and standards of behaviour are


striking root in the struggle against the survivals of capitalism.
We still frequently come across people who take a
dishonest attitude to social labour, who engage in
profiteering, are guilty of breaches of discipline and disturb public
order. We must not sit back and wait for these survivals
of capitalism to vanish of themselves; we must combat
them with determination, and direct public opinion against
any manifestation of bourgeois views and habits, against
all anti-social elements.</p>

<p> In all educational work, the Party attaches special


importance to the education of the younger generation. Lenin
said: &quot;All the work of bringing up, educating and training</p>

<p> the youth today should be aimed at developing communist


ethics in them.''</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> The youth are already building communism, and
subsequently they will live and work in communist society, will
administer all its affairs. It is for this lofty mission that
the Soviet youth must be trained....</p>

<p> ... We have always adhered to the great international


teachings of Marx, Engels and Lenin, and shall always do
so unfailingly. Figuratively speaking, our Communist Party
regards itself as one of the forward contingents of the
world communist movement, as the contingent which is the
first to be scaling the heights of communism. And no
avalanche or landslide can stop us on our way to communism.</p>

<p> ... Concern for the unity and strength of our ranks is
the supreme international duty of each Communist and
Workers' Party. <em>Success in the national cause ot the
working class is inconceivable without the international
solidarity of all its contingents.. .</em>.</p>

<p> <b>From the Speech at the Plenary</b> Meeting


of <b>the</b> Central <b>Committee of the C.P.S.U.</b></p>

<p> <b>&quot;For a Further Rise in the Country's


Productive Forces, for Technical Progress
in all Branches of the National Economy&quot;</b></p>

<p> <em>June 29, 1959</em></p>

<p> ... I was delighted when I heard our splendid Koni;


somol team-leader Valentina Gaganova speak at the
Plenary Meeting on behalf of the women working at the</p>

180

<p> <b><em>181</em></b></p>

<p> Vyshny Volochok factory in Kalinin Region. You must


realise, comrades, this has to be given thought-no one
with the capitalist way of looking on life will ever believe
that a worker would give up better-paid work and
voluntarily undertake work that is lower paid and so earn less.</p>

<p> Moreover, this woman went to work with the backward


team not because she doesn't need anything.</p>

<p> The value and nobleness of this woman's action lies in


the fact that it was not material consideration that
prompted her to take the step she did, but an idea, her
ideological devotion to the communist system. For the sake of this
system she makes personal sacrifices! True, as Valentina
Gaganova herself proved, this personal sacrifice is
temporary. Our workers understand the aim the Party serves---the
aim of building communist society-and when necessary
they make sacrifices in the material sense, for the sake

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
of achieving this aim... .</p>

<p> The measures outlined by the Party in this sphere have


met with nation-wide approval and have acquired the</p>

<p> force of law.</p>

<p> The most important aspect of the school reform is


combining instruction with socially useful productive
work and strengthening educational work in school. The
struggle for the triumph of communism requires the
harmonious and all-round development of Soviet man. This
implies not merely mastery of the sum-total of scientific
knowledge of nature, technology and society, but also
learning how to apply this knowledge in practice, directly in
the work of communist construction. We need not mere
assimilation of knowledge but its conversion into deep
ideological convictions, the sort of convictions that arouse
strong feelings, that are revealed in day-to-day work and
actions for the good of the people.</p>

<p> The great tasks of transforming society demand from


young people knowledge that is comprehensive, hands that
are skilful and hearts that are ardent. Love of work for
the common good, supreme devotion to communism are
what is most sacred, the law of life for all whose good
fortune is to continue and complete the revolutionary work
of older generations.</p>

<p> Education is only part of the work of the school and


the teacher, true, one that is of great and prime importance.
All the same, education is not enough. If habits of work
for the common good are not developed in pupils,
education alone cannot ensure the bringing up of the new man
with high moral qualities, with the communist mentality
and morality. Morality of this kind is born in labour,
actions and behaviour.</p>

<p> ... But the work the pupils perform is important not in
itself, not only and not so much for its product. It is of</p>

183

<p> <b>From the Speech


at the All-Russian Congress of Teachers</b></p>

<p> <em>July 9, 1960</em></p>

<p> ... At the present time we are solving two historic


tasks---creating the material and technical basis of
communism and educating the new man. This is essentially
a single process. If we lag behind in educating and
bringing up Soviet people, this will inevitably put the brake on
the building of communism.</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> That is why, in outlining the programme of full-scale
communist construction, the Party and the Government
were concerned to strengthen the link between the school
and everyday life and further to develop public education.</p>

182

<p> paramount importance that the classes in productive work


should be used correctly and fully to train the young
people to love work for the common good.</p>

<p> The school must teach its pupils to be able to work


collectively, that is to say, to be able, in the final analysis,
to live and work in the communist way.</p>

<p> Recall what Vladimir Ilyich Lenin said about communist


labour as early as 1920. He stressed that it was voluntary
work, work without quotas, work performed without
expectation of remuneration, work out of a habit or working
for the common good, work as the requirement of the
healthy organism. It is for this kind, of work that we must
train our children, our young people!</p>

<p> ... Upbringing in the home should be regarded <em>as</em> a very


important part of Party work. It <em>is</em> necessary to develop
in all working people a sense of responsibility for the
bringing up of children. As in all other matters,
Communists must here set the example. It is a matter of
supreme Party responsibility to educate young people
properly, to bring them up so that the mind is put at rest at
the realisation that another good worker has grown up,
another honest citizen of the Motherland, a patriot of and
heir to our great communist cause....</p>

<p> It is this banner of peace that gives us an opportunity of


rallying round us the broadest masses of the people. If
we carry aloft the banner of peace, we shall achieve still
greater success.</p>

<p> Communists consider it their sacred duty to make full


use of all the opportunities which the present epoch offers
to the peoples for curbing the bellicose forces of
imperialism and preventing another war.</p>

<p> ... The struggle between the communist and all popular
forces, on the one hand, and the forces of imperialism, on
the other, is entering a new stage. In these conditions,
consolidation of the ranks of the socialist camp, of the
entire international communist movement assumes prime
importance. Our solidarity based on the principles of
Marxism-Leninism and of proletarian internationalism is
the chief condition for the victory of the working class
over imperialism. For us the behest of the great Lenin is

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
sacred: to advance, shoulder to shoulder. The unity of our
ranks multiplies the forces of communism. Solidarity,
solidarity and again solidarity is the law of the
international communist movement.</p>

<p> ... The Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the


Soviet people will do everything continually to strengthen
unity between our parties and our peoples, in order not
only to disillusion our enemies but by our unity to shake
them still more, to achieve our great goal-the triumph
of communism.</p>

<p> Comrades! We are living at a splendid time. Communism


has become the invincible force of our age. The further
successes of communism depend to an enormous extent on
our will, our unity, our farsightedness and determination.
By their struggle and labour the Communists, the working</p>

<p> <b>From the Report &quot;For New Victories


of the World Communist Movement&quot;</b></p>

<p> <em>January 6, 1961</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. One of the mainsprings of the moral strength of


communism, of its tremendous influence on the masses,
is that it is the standard-bearer in the struggle for peace.</p>

184

285

<p> class will achieve the fulfilment of the great aims of


communism on the earth.</p>

<p> The people of the future, the Communists of the coming


generations will envy us, will always recall these days
when the lines of the Party anthem ring out with especial
force:</p>

<p> <em>``We'll change forthwith the old conditions


And spurn the dust to win the prize.&quot;</em></p>

<p> The Communist Party of the Soviet Union has always


been and will continue to be loyal to the teaching of
Marxism-Leninism, to proletarian internationalism and
friendship among peoples, will always fight for peace
throughout the world, for the victory of communism, as our great
Lenin taught us!</p>

<p> From the Speech</p>

<p> at the Plenary Meeting</p>

<p> of the Central Committee</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> of the C.P.S.U.</p>

<p> ``Improvement in the Well-Being</p>

<p> of the People and the Tasks for Further</p>

<p> Increasing the Output of Agricultural Products&quot;</p>

<p> <em>.. </em>. The leader must have a feeling of pride. If he sees
he cannot cope with the work, he should come and say:</p>

<p> ''Comrades, I have fallen down on the job, I am not


capable of leading the region, I have discredited myself;
we undertook to treble the plan, but we have failed to
fulfil it even one hundred per cent. Let me resign.''</p>

<p> In that case I would regard it as pride, self-esteem,


respect for one's own dignity. But this is how he argues:
&quot;Well, what of it? I made an undertaking and I did not
fulfil it, what of it? I'll make another undertaking.&quot; If
we so easily assume obligations that we do not fulfil, who
will have faith in us, what sort of Party will it be that
has such windbags in it? There will be no respect for a
party like that. Therefore, we, comrades, should fight for
the honour of our Party, fight against those who discredit
our Party. Measure the cloth seven times before cutting it
so that it will be cut where is should be___</p>

<p> From the Report</p>

<p> of the Central Committee of the C.P.S.U.


to the 22nd Congress of the Party</p>

<p> <em>January 17, 1961</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. There has developed among us a good communist


tradition of fulfilling one's pledge once it has been given.
It is not in the spirit of Soviet people to talk idly. Men
and women collective farmers, state farm workers, and
agricultural experts are working devotedly on the fields
and farms, striving to keep their pledge to the people as
a whole. This is good and we should welcome it.</p>

<p> <em>October 17, 1961</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. On the eve of the Twentieth Congress the issue


facing us was: either the Party would openly, in Leninist
fashion, condemn the errors and distortions committed
at ihe time of the cult of Stalin's person and reject the
methods of Party and government leadership that had
become an obstacle to progress, or the forces which clung
to the old and resisted all that was new and creative would
gain the upper hand in the Party. The issue was as crucial

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
as that.</p>

186

187

<p> Was it really necessary to criticise, so scathingly and


so frankly, the major errors and grave consequences bound
up with the cult of the individual?</p>

<p> Yes, it was. The careful analysis and profound study


of a number of records, undertaken after the exposure of
that inveterate enemy and adventurer, Beria, fully revealed
to the Central Committee the flagrant violations of socialist
legality, abuses of power, arbitrary acts and repressive
measures that had been perpetrated against many honest
people, including prominent Party and government officials.
The Central Committee, which was well aware of its
responsibility to the Party and the people, could not
possibly take the line of concealing or hushing up past errors
and distortions. Following Lenin's behests, the Central
Committee decided to tell the truth about the abuses of
power perpetrated at the time of the cult of the individual.
It was a moral requirement, the duty, of the Party-and its
leadership. It was a correct decision and it had
tremendous significance for the destiny of the Party and for
communist construction.</p>

<p> Lenin called on the Party never to conceal its errors


but to criticise them openly and rectify them. &quot;The attitude
of a political party towards its own mistakes,&quot; he wrote,
&quot;is one of the most important and surest ways of judging
how earnest the party is and how it <em>in practice</em> fulfils its
obligations towards its <em>class</em> and the toiling <em>masses</em>.
Frankly admitting a mistake, ascertaining the reasons for it,
analysing the conditions which led to it, and thoroughly
discussing the means of correcting it-that is the earmark
of a serious party; that is the way it should perform its
duties,- that is the way it should educate and train, first
the <em>class</em>, and then the <em>masses.&quot;*</em></p>

<p> What would have become of the Party and the country
had the cult of the individual not been condemned, had its
harmful consequences not been removed and the Leninist
standards of Party and government activity restored? The
result would have been a cleavage between Party and
people, grave violations of Soviet democracy and
revolutionary legality, slower economic progress, a lower rate of
communist construction and hence a deterioration of the
people's standard of living. In the sphere of international
relations, the result would have been a weakening of Soviet
positions in world affairs and a worsening of relations with
other countries, which would have had dire consequences.
That is why criticism of the cult of the individual and the

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
elimination of its consequences were of the utmost political
and practical importance.</p>

<p> Marxism-Leninism has always severely condemned all


manifestations of the cult of the individual, which it
regards as alien to the spirit of the proletarian
revolutionary movement, of communism. Marx, Engels and Lenin
saw the people as the real maker of history; they stressed
the leading and organising role of the working-class party.
Marxism-Leninism does not deny the important role of
leaders of the working class, but it emphatically opposes
all glorification, to say nothing of the deification, of any
particular person. Glorification of any one person
inevitably pushes the people and the Party into the background
and thus reduces their role and significance.</p>

<p> ... The supreme mission of every member of the


Leninist Party lies in selfless service to communism. A
Communist must do his job with ardour; he must devote heart
and soul to the cause of the people. There is no room in
the Party for a member who fails to live up to his lofty
duties. ...</p>

<p> <em>*</em> V. I. Lenin, <em>``Left-Wing'' Communism, an Infantile Disorder</em>,


F.L.P.H., Moscow, p. 49.</p>

288

189

<p> ... Now that the struggle for communism is in full


swing we must demand that all those who join the Party
should be everywhere in the forefront of communist
construction. The Party Rules make it incumbent on
Communists to set an example of a communist attitude to
labour, of the utmost devotion to our ideology, of an
uncompromising attitude to all shortcomings, to
moneygrubbing and parasitism, to be considerate and sympathetic
to others, and loyal to the Party and the people. A
Communist must be a model in the struggle to establish the
lofty principles of communist morality.. ..</p>

<p> ... To devote our all to such work, without


classifying it as more important or less important, to show
consideration for others, no matter on what business they come
to us, to be broad-minded and approach matters from the
standpoint of Party principles, and always keep pace with
developments-such is our duty and our responsibility to
the Party and to the people. It is only such enthusiastic,
creative work that can fire people's hearts, and inspire them
to do great things in the field of labour and in the struggle.</p>

<p> .., Stronger bonds with the niasses, the direct contacts
with people that Were characteristic of Lenin, the urge to

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
live and work among people and share their joys and
sorrows, and communist ardency in the struggle for what
is new and progressive, are all features that should be
typical of a Party leader.</p>

<p> ... Communism and labour go hand in hand. The great


principle, &quot;He who does not work, neither shall he eat&quot;,
will continue to operate under communism and will, in
fact, become a sacred principle for everyone. Man's beauty
and his fame stem from his work, from what he does.</p>

<p> from that which he has created or that which he has


performed. The abilities and talents of people, the genius of
man, are revealed in labour, the immortality of man is in
his labour.</p>

<p> <em>The training oi man for his life's work, the steeling ot
people through, labour, the inculcation oi love and respect
tor labour as a vital necessity, is the central ieatute oi all
work in ihe field oi communist education</em>.</p>

<p> The moulding of the new man is a long and complicated


process. People cannot be mechanically transported from
the realm of capitalism to the realm of communism. A
man steeped in capitalist prejudices cannot be taken into
communism. He must first be freed from the burden of the
past. It will take time and effort to eliminate the survivals
of capitalism in the minds of men, to change in millions of
people customs and habits that have evolved in the course
of centuries-to complete the change that was begun by our
revolution. Survivals of the past are a terrible power that
weighs on the minds of people. They persist in the lives and
in the minds of millions of people long after the economic
conditions that engendered them have disappeared....</p>

<p> ... Communist education implies the emancipation of the


mind from religious prejudices and superstitions which
still prevent some Soviet people from displaying their
creative ability to the full. A more effective and better
organised system of scientific atheist propaganda is
needed, one that will embrace all sections and groups
of the population, and will prevent the dissemination of
religious views, especially among children and adolescents.</p>

<p> ... The shaping of a new type of citizen, a man of


great ideals and high moral principles, is one of the
greatest achievements of our Party. Our opponents are scared</p>

191

<p> by the political and cultural growth of Soviet people and


by their loyalty to communism. It stands to reason that
this has not been spontaneous, but has been achieved as
a result of the Party's many years of educational work.

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
We are now in a position to propose and put into effect
those most noble principles of relations between people
that many generations of working people have dreamed
of. Those principles are given concrete form in the
Communist Moral Code.</p>

<p> <em>The interests of communist construction demand that


questions ot communist education should be in the centre
of the attention and activities of every Party organisation
and the general public...</em>.</p>

<p> pie must work so well as to be able to say, when the bright
edifice of communism is built: I have done my bit for it
as well. ...</p>

<p> . .. Communists will not conserve and perpetuate


national distinctions. We will support the objective process
of the increasingly closer rapprochement of nations and
nationalities proceeding under the conditions of communist
construction on a voluntary and democratic basis. It is
essential that we lay greater stress on the education of the
masses in the spirit of proletarian internationalism and
Soviet patriotism. Even the slightest vestiges of nationalism
should be eradicated with uncompromising, Bolshevik
determination.</p>

<p> The friendship of the peoples of the Soviet Union is


one of our greatest gains. Let us guard it as the apple of
our eye!...</p>

<p> ... It is our task to make the new moral principles a


vital need for all Soviet people. Much still has to be done
to wipe out the vestiges of the past. In public life the
progressive is not fenced off from the old and backward. The
progressive wins in the end, but the survivals of the old
retard progress. The force of good example grows, and
that is the basis of our education. But, as you know, weeds
grow fast if they are not controlled in good time.</p>

<p> We must induce the general public to pay greater


attention and take a more exacting attitude to people's
behaviour. After all, ill deeds are committed by people who
are mostly members of some collective, of an
organisation, of a trade union, the Komsomol, a collective farm, or
of some cultural and educational society or association,
and sometimes even members of our Party. We must use
the moral weight and authority of public opinion more</p>

<p> <b>On the Programme</b></p>

<p> <b>of the Communist Party</b></p>

<p> <b>of the Soviet Union</b></p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> <em>October 18,1961</em></p><p>
</p><p>
:</p>

<p> ... Communist society will have the most advanced


technology, the most advanced and best organised
production, the most advanced machinery. But it will be people
that operate the machines. Machines are dead things, unless
there is a man to operate them. Thoroughness, good
organisation and discipline are therefore a golden rule, an
obligatory standard of behaviour for every working man.
He will not be made to perform his duties by the goad of
hunger, as under capitalism; he will perform them
consciously and of his own free will. Everyone will be
conscious of the duty to contribute his labour to the creation
of both the material and spiritual blessings. All Soviet peo-</p>

192

<p> 13-2618</p>

193

<p> actively in combating those who break the rules and


standards of socialist behaviour.</p>

<p> We want to make all people harmoniously developed.


What other class besides the working class, and what other
ruling party besides the Communist Party, has ever set the
task of developing the capacities and gifts of <em>all</em> working
people?</p>

<p> <b>From the Concluding Speech


at the 22nd Congress of the C.P.S.U.</b></p>

<p> <em>October 27, 1961</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. We Communists value highly and support the


prestige of correct and mature leadership. We must
safeguard the prestige of leaders recognised by the Party
and the people. But every leader must bear in mind the
other side of the matter-never to plume himself on his
position, to remember that by holding an office he merely
performs the will of the Party, of the people, who have
invested him with, albeit supreme, power, but never lose
control over him....</p>

<p> <b>From the Speech


&quot;All Forces for the Successful Implementation</b></p>

<p> <b>of the Historic Decisions


of the 22nd Congress of the C.P.S.U.&quot;</b></p>

<p> <em>November 16, 1961</em></p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> ... In our country man is to man a friend, comrade and
brother. All Soviet peoples are equal and we shall continue
to cherish as dearest of all the friendship of peoples, the
fraternal community of socialist nations....</p>

194

<p> <b>From the Speech at the Moscow Conference</b></p>

<p> <b>of Workers in Agriculture</b></p>

<p> <b>from the Regions and Autonomous Republics</b></p>

<p> <b>of the Non-Chernozem Zones</b></p>

<p> <b>of the R.S.F.S.R.</b></p>

<p> <em>December 14, 1961</em></p>

<p> <em>..</em>. Every Party member, particularly every leader,


should carry high the name of Communist and justify this
name by the results of his labour above all. Our people
trust the Leninist Party. They call the Programme of our
Party, the Programme of communist construction, their
own programme. Why do they do this? Because, of course,
they see our Programme as the realisation of their own
ideals, they see the new, still brighter life.</p>

<p> .. . The real Communist, the real builder of communism,


who is truly a fighter for our common cause, never leaves
his post until the task the Party has given him is
accomplished.</p>

<p> ... There is the worker who takes to heart every


smallest reproof and tries to do better. But there is also the
sort of worker who is called an idler, but if anyone asks
him: did they criticise you, he will say: no, they only
reproved me. Here you have a different approach to
criticism, a different morality.</p>

<p> We should foster in everyone high moral qualities,


dignity, pride, a receptive attitude to what is new, loyalty
to the public interest. But as long as these qualities have
not been instilled in all the people, it is necessary to
reckon with reality. Morality is morality, but exactingness</p>

<p> <b>13*</b></p>

195

<p> must be exactingness. If the moral consciousness of a


particular worker is not as high as it should be, then
demand by law that he act in the way he should. You live

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
by 'human labour, you enjoy its benefits, consequently,
you are obliged to make your contribution to the
common pool, to the pool you draw from and at the expense
of which you live. . . .</p>

<p> of a young generation that will imbibe all the best


mankind has created.</p>

<p> That is why we Communists, all Soviet people, are


striving to see that our young people will be worthy successors
of the old generation, so that it will be possible to rely
in everything on these successors. That is why we are all
so glad to realise that the old generation of Communists
has such splendid successors.. ..</p>

<p> ... To take part in the building of communism is not


only a great happiness but also a tremendous responsibility.
It was justly pointed out at our Party Congress that
communism is created by labour, labour alone and the labour
of millions. . ..</p>

<p> ... In the struggle for a higher labour productivity, the


splendid movement of our day-the movement for
communist work-plays an important role. It is a genuine
school of labour heroism, for the education of the new
man, of communist relations among people. A number of
enterprises and many teams have already won the honoured
name of Communist Work Collective. These collectives
are beacons/ as it were; it is necessary to follow their
example, to learn from them. There is not the slightest
doubt that this splendid movement will continue to
develop in breadth and depth.</p>

<p> I want most strongly to emphasise the importance of the


question of increasing labour productivity.</p>

<p> To be concerned for the growth of labour productivity


means doing everything to increase the country's wealth,
which is created by the labour of people. High labour
productivity, correct organisation of labour and rational
utilisation of the benefits created by the labour of millions
are the basis of communist construction. ...</p>

<p> <b>From the Speech


at the Fourteenth Congress of the Komsomol</b></p>

<p> <em>April 19, '1962</em></p>

<p> <em>.. </em>. Every thinking person dreams of living life in such
a way as to leave behind something good by which he will
be remembered, some trace of his good work here on
earth. This view of life is specially characteristic of the
Soviet man, the builder, the fighter, the man who is not
only concerned about his own personal happiness but also

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
about universal happiness. But to leave some trace of good
work behind on earth is not only to produce some sort of
material value. Material values are very necessary for
social development, because without the creation of
material values, society cannot progress, cannot develop
and advance to communism, since communism
presupposes, first and foremost an abundance of material and
spiritual values for everyone, for all society. Besides this,
however, everyone dreams of bringing up a worthy
successor.</p>

<p> Translated into the language of social ideals, this noble


human desire means that every society that has lofty aims
and a programme of action to achieve these aims dreams</p>

<p> <em>we</em></p>

197

<p> ... That man is not a happy man who, being well on in
years and, perhaps having worked long and well, begins
ahead of time to calculate that only a few years or months
remain until he draws his pension, and thinks: see, then,
how I shall live! He is under a profound misapprehension,
for this man will no longer be living, because a man can
live only when engaged in creative labour. To live is to
work, to work is to live! When a man ceases to work, he
cuts short his creative life, he then loses good contact
with those around him... .</p>

<p> ... To serve the Motherland and communism means to


study well and tirelessly, to work selflessly, using all the
experience- of the comrades at the bench, in the factory,
on the collective and state farm, deriving more and more
knowledge from the achievements of science and
technology. It is in the early years that one must stand firmly
on one's feet, determine one's place in order to go through
life so as not to be ashamed of years lived aimlessly, as
our wonderful writer, Nikolai Ostrovsky,* put it.</p>

<p> This means that our Komsomol youth should continue


to work honestly for the benefit of the Motherland, to
dream and to dare, to work wisely, economically and
productively, to work as we are required to in this
remarkable epoch.</p>

<p> To serve the Motherland, the cause of communism,


means to study assiduously, to draw knowledge from
the inexhaustible springs of Marxism-Leninism, to delve
into the depths of science and technology, to master the
treasures of modern culture.</p>

<p> To serve the Motherland, the cause of communism,


means to be a vanguard fighter everywhere and in

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
everything-at the factory, in the fields, in the ranks of the
glorious Armed Forces, in guarding the security of our
Motherland, in science and technology, in art and culture,
in social, Komsomol and Party affairs.</p>

<p> To serve the Motherland, the cause of communism,


means to be loyal to the end to the great cause of the
Party, to carry high the banner of communist ideology, I
would say to safeguard and add to the honour and glory
of Soviet man, his spiritual beauty, the beauty of the
pioneer in work and struggle, of the builder of the new
world. ...</p>

<p> ... It is necessary to cultivate in Komsomol members


and all Soviet people the new traits of character of the
people of the new, communist world. And this should be
done not at the Komsomol age, but from childhood. In
this relation I would like to mention the great and useful
work the Leninist Komsomol is carrying out in the
education of the Young Pioneers. Yes, Komsomol members, your
work among the Pioneers is a very responsible task
entrusted to you by the Party, the people and the
Motherland, and you should never forget about it....</p>

<p> ... Our Soviet, socialist society is strong in its collective


spirit, where all are for one and one is for all, for the
interests of society as a whole. Communist devotion to
the idea, unshakable conviction in the triumph of the lofty
ideals of communism, is now not an abstract concept but
the meaning of our whole life, comrades....</p>

<p> ... The strength of our social system lies precisely in


the fact that in every place, in every kind of activity, the</p>

198

<p> * Nikolai Alexandrovich Ostrovsky (1904-1936)-prominent Soviet


writer, the author of the v/idely read novel about the Soviet
youthHow <em>the Steel Was Tempered</em>.</p>

199

Emacs-File-stamp: "/home/ysverdlov/leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/20091006/206.tx"

__EMAIL__ webmaster@leninist.biz

__OCR__ ABBYY 6 Professional (2009.10.06)

__WHERE_PAGE_NUMBERS__ bottom

__FOOTNOTE_MARKER_STYLE__ [*]+

__ENDNOTE_MARKER_STYLE__ [0-9]+

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> Soviet man should see and does see before him a lofty
aim in life, in his work, which society so needs. . . .</p>

<p> ... If a man is ideologically convinced, if he is equipped


with the progressive theory of Marxism-Leninism, if he
is a true fighter, if the aim towards which we strive is clear
to him, then such a man derives high moral and political
satisfaction from life.</p>

<p> It is very good that in its work to educate the young


generation, the Young Communist League takes as its
basis the moral code of the builder of communism as
formulated in the Party Programme. This moral code
incorporates the standard rules of conduct worked out
down the ages by progressive social forces and, in
particular, by the working class and its Leninist Party; they
express the principles born of the revolution and of the
present stage of the struggle for communism.</p>

<p> The moral code is imbued with noble ideas of humanism


and collectivism. Just think how movingly evocative is
the sound of our principles: &quot;One for all and all for one!&quot;
and &quot;Man is to man a friend, comrade and brother&quot;. Our
code is the militant programme of the life of the
revolutionary fighter, of whom devotion to communist ideas,
ardent patriotism, socialist internationalism, intolerance of
shortcomings are typical.</p>

<p> The Leninist Komsomol will be doing a good job if it


organises the education of young people so that the
principles of the moral code become personal convictions, the
standard of behaviour of young people, become a habit.</p>

<p> We should strive for every young person to learn to


regard the interests of the people as his chief personal
interest, to become an ideologically convinced fighter.</p>

<p> ... Our society cannot and will not tolerate people who
live the life of parasites. It is necessary to instil an attitude</p>

<p> of intolerance towards such ugly phenomena, so that every


Soviet man will look scathingly upon the idlers who want
to live well but are unwilling to make their contribution
in order to expedite the achievement of the communist
way of life for all people in our country.</p>

<p> It is a law of life in our society that he who does not


work shall not eat. This principle in our life is good and
correct. There are still some spongers, however, who do
not work, but at times these people eat better than those
who do work. We must intensify the struggle against the
idlers, against all sorts of swindlers, hooligans and
antisocial elements. Our work in this direction should be
better organised. I have in mind the state apparatus, too.

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
Our - state organs are strong in that they rely on the
solidarity and support of the masses of the people. .. .</p>

<p> ... By resolutely fighting against the idlers, we shall


be protecting our state mechanism from becoming socially
rusty, protecting our socialist society from being sullied
by parasitic elements. Our task is to rid society of such
people, to do everything to bring back to socially useful
labour those who are capable of living honest, working
lives, and not to allow others to become corrupt. The
idlers in our society are, after all, isolated cases. All the
same, we cannot reconcile ourselves to things of this
sort.. ..</p>

<p> .. . When it comes to the ideological conviction of the


Soviet youth, their high moral and political qualities, it
is precisely this above all that infuriates the enemies of
communism. They realise that the strength of Soviet society
lies in the moral and political unity of the people, in the
fact that it gives young people a great deal of knowledge
and an opportunity for interesting work, cultural and</p>

201

200

<p> social development, in the fact that it has given and is


giving the rising generation a great aim in life, powerful
wings, as it were, for inspired labour and struggle....</p>

<p> .. . Maxim Gorky, that great man of letters, noticed


and graphically expressed one remarkable feature of the
people of the new, socialist world. Describing Lenin, he
said that he possessed the inexhaustible ardour of youth.
And Lenin passed on his youthful ardour to the people of
his generation, to all our people and the Soviet youth.</p>

<p> May this inexhaustible, creative energy of Lenin for


ever inspire our young men and women to perform fresh
feats in their labour and struggle. Our aims are clear, the
horizon is- clear, a straight, broad road leads to the morrow.
So let us devote all our efforts, all the ardour of youth to
ensure that the great plans of the Leninist Party will
become a living reality....</p>

<p> <b><em>SUBJECT INDEX</em></b></p>

<p> <em>Aims of Communists</em> -12, 17, 94,</p>

<p> 97, 98, 121, 140, 143, 147, 150,</p>

<p> * 151, 166, 167, 168, 181-182,</p>

<p> 185-186, 197, 198

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<em>Atheism-175</em>, 191-192</p>

<p> B</p>

<p> <em>Brotherhood-82</em>, 83, 104, 118,


119, 136, 143, 163, 167, 172,
178, 194, 199, 200</p>

<p> 176, 179, 189, 190, 192, 194,</p>

<p> 196, 198, 199</p>

<p> -subbotniks- 60-64, 65, 120


<em>Communist tuture-16</em>, 28, 100,</p>

<p> 105, 110, 141, 168, 185


<em>Community of interests</em>
-in communist society-21, 23,</p>

<p> 135, 149, 151, 155, 173, 180,</p>

<p> 182-183, 201


<em>Competition-55</em>, 56, 78, 126, 160,</p>

<p> 174, 175, 176


<em>Comradeship</em> -39, 40, 45, 80, 83,</p>

<p> 10Q, 102, 126, 128, 130, 143,</p>

<p> 165, 167, 177, 179, 194, 199,</p>

200

<p> <em>Confidence in victory-98</em>, 99, 107


<em>Conscientiousness</em>-59, 65, 82, 130
<em>Consciousness, political-15</em>, 16, 58,</p>

<p> 62, 65, 67, 68, 77, 79, 80, 83,</p>

<p> 88, 93, 107, 131, 156, 165, 178-</p>

<p> 179, 192, 195


<em>Courage-60</em>, 98, 122, 126, 128,</p>

<p> 130, 160, 165


<em>Creative works</em> -18, 56, 84, 92, 94,</p>

<p> 120
<em>Criticism, self-criticism-^</em>, 54, 85,</p>

<p> 92, 93, 114, 143, 169, 170, 176,</p>

<p> 18J-188, 195


<em>Culture-89</em>, 90, 132, 157</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> D</p>

<p> <em>Devotion to communism-</em>63, 66,


79, 84, 100, 122, 179, 181, 190,
192, 195, 198</p>

<p> <em>Care oi people-27</em>, 150-151, 164,</p>

<p> 173, 174-175, 179, 189


<em>Cheerfulness-66</em>, 71, 91, 105, 155,</p>

202

<p> <em>Choice of profession-17, 84, 89


Collectivism-69</em>, 80, 83, 93, 123,</p>

<p> 126, 127, 131, 144, 147, 150,</p>

<p> 155-156, 165, 179, 186, 197,</p>

<p> 199, 200


<em>Communist</em></p>

<p> -discipline-68, 145, 147, 154, 192


-ideals-19, 30, 72, 83, 86, 93, 97,</p>

<p> 98, 99, 110, 141, 173, 179, 182,</p>

<p> 192, 195, 199, 200


-labour-61, 68, 79, 80, 81, 147,</p>

<p> 160, 162-163, 170, 175, 176,</p>

<p> 180, 185, 189, 190, 197, 198,</p>

<p> 202
-principles-131, 164, 165, 174,</p>

203

<p> <em>Diligence-27</em>, 80, 123, 131, 132,</p>

<p> 177, 189, 190, 198


<em>Discipline-56</em>, 58, 59-60, 67, 68,</p>

<p> 73, 76, 77, 82, 126, 135, 142,</p>

<p> 145, 147, 155, 192


<em>Duty-26</em>, 40, 41, 42, 52, 54, 67,</p>

<p> 72, 85, 94, 99, 100, 106, 109,</p>

<p> 179, 181, 185, 189, 192-193</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> <em>Family-</em>10, 13, 14, 23, 45, 63, 64,
69, 70, 77, 83, 88, 150, 184</p>

<p> <em>Freedom-</em>10, 12, 15, 19, 99, 104,


134, 146, 171, 172</p>

<p> <em>Friendship-26</em>, 28, 39, 83, 94,


105, 126, 129, 135, 136, 163,
165, 166,167, 171,178,179, 186,
193, 194, 200</p>

<p> 166, 167, 171, 179-180, 183,</p>

<p> 185, 186</p>

<p> <em>Internationalism</em> -83, 84, 95, 163,


166, 178, 179, 180, 181, 185,</p>

<p> 186, 193, 194, 200


<em>Initiative-IB</em>, 56, 92
<em>Intolerance ot shortcomings-</em>168,</p>

<p> 169, 176, 177, 178, 187-188, 189,


190, 191, 192, 200</p>

<p> -communist-23, 72, 81, 82, 93,


135, 136, 145, 147, 153-155, 164,
172, 179, 180, 181-182, 184,
188, 189, 192, 195, 199, 200</p>

<p> -general principles-15, 20, 32,


76, 81, 83, 123, 153</p>

<p> -proletarian-30, 31, 83, 123, 135</p>

<p> <em>Moral make-up</em></p>

<p> -of a communist-24, 39, 46, 72,


73, 74, 93, 100, 101, 102, 103,
108, 109, 111, 127, 146, 147,
150, 151, 155, 160-161, 164,
174, 175, 176, 179, 181-182, 189,
190, 191, 194-195</p>

<p> -of the new man-91, 130, 134,


160-161, 165, 176, 178, 182,
183, 192, 195, 196, 198, 202</p>

<p> <em>Mutual aid-167</em>, 177, 179, 199,


200</p>

<p> N
<em>Nobleness-18</em>, 22, 182-183, 197</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> O</p>

<p> <em>Overcoming ditAcuities</em>-81, 141,


166, 168, 174, 177, 178</p>

<p> <em>Education</em></p>

<p> -bourgeois-14</p>

<p> -of children and young people -</p>

<p> 23, 79, 83, 89, 91, 106, 117,</p>

<p> 118, 149, 156, 157, 164, 175,</p>

<p> 176, 178-179, 181, 182-183, 197,</p>

<p> 199, 200


-communist-14, 76, 79, 83, 84,</p>

<p> 85, 91, 117, 118, 123, 129, 130,</p>

<p> 131, 147, 149, 155-156, 172, 173,</p>

<p> 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180,</p>

<p> 182-183, 189-192, 193, 195, 196,</p>

<p> 199, 200</p>

<p> -family-14, 149, 183


-labour-81, 86, 164, 180, 183,</p>

<p> 191
-of people-42, 53, 58, 155-156,</p>

<p> 163, 164, 173, 175, 180-181, 183,</p>

<p> 188, 197, 199, 200


-tasks of-80, 87, 88, 90
-of women and youth-13, 87,</p>

<p> 157, 175, 176, 180, 182, 183,</p>

198

<p> <em>Emancipation</em>
-of society-32, 35, 43
-of women-23, 64, 84, 142, 156
<em>Enemies of socialism-54</em>, 55, 58,</p>

<p> 59, 67, 75, 76, 78, 83, 112, 166,</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> 167, 168, 172, 179, 185-186,</p>

<p> 187, 200, 201


<em>Equality-146</em>, 172
<em>Equal lights tot women-36</em>, 37,</p>

<p> 142, 157


<em>Equality ot nations</em> -45-46, 134,</p>

<p> 135, 193, 194


<em>Exploitation and struggle against</em></p>

<p> it-10, 14, 17, 37, 42, 76, 97</p>

<p> <em>Government</em></p>

<p> ---of bourgeois society---22


-of communist society-22, 66, 80,
145, 171, 172</p>

<p> H</p>

<p> Happiness-18, 20, 24, 100, 103,,</p>

<p> 104, 107, 109, 126, 139, 149,</p>

<p> 182-183, 197, 198


<em>Batted for enemies-84</em>, 102, 122,</p>

<p> 179
<em>Heroes, heroism-29</em>, 43, 60, 61,</p>

<p> 66, 124, 127, 147, 162, 165, 197


<em>Honesty-66</em>, 83, 101, 113, 128,</p>

<p> 130, 133, 134, 142, 179, 187,</p>

<p> 188, 198


<em>Human dignity-IT</em>, 20, 28, 35, 39,</p>

<p> 46, 186-187, 195</p>

<p> /oy-18, 20, 56, 91, 92, 103, 120


<em>Justice-15</em>, 82, 112, 142</p>

<p> <em>Labour productivity-61</em>, 63, 123,</p>

<p> 130, 147, 163, 197


<em>Loyalty-39</em>, 53, 100, 107, 109,</p>

<p> 145, 174, 186


<em>Love-37</em>, 46, 47, 51, 71, 72, 105,</p>

<p> 139, 155, 157,

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
-of life-109</p>

<p> -of people-26, 39, 99, 100, 101,


102, 105, 120, 128, 140, 150-
151, 155, 168, 172, 174</p>

<p> -for motherland-83, 84, 131, 134,</p>

<p> 140, 144, 198</p>

<p> -of work~27, 87, 129, 130, 139,</p>

<p> 177, 179-180, 183, 184, 189, 190,


198</p>

<p> M</p>

<p> <em>Mamage-U</em>, 15, 23, 36, 37, 45,</p>

<p> 51, 69
<em>Masses</em>
-active participation of-79, 93,</p>

<p> 94, 98, 162, 164, 167, 176, 179,</p>

<p> 193
-contact with-93, 94, 146-147,</p>

<p> 151, 152, 153, 158, 160-170, 173,</p>

<p> 178, 185, 190, 200


-enthusiasm of-30, 66, 98, 180
<em>Mercilessness to the enemy---55</em>,</p>

<p> 59, 67, 111, 179


<em>Modesty-83</em>, 153, 194
<em>Morality</em>
-bourgeois-10, 23, 30, 70, 84,</p>

<p> 123, 153-154</p>

<p> <em>Paris Commune-28</em>, 29, 56


<em>Partisanship, party attitude, party</em></p>

<p> spirii-41, 42, 43, 54, 65, 92,</p>

<p> 93, 133, 141, 164, 169, 173,</p>

<p> 187-188, 189</p>

<p> <em>Party leadership-92</em>, 93, 190, 194


<em>Patriotism-^</em>, 131, 134, 135, 162,</p>

<p> 179, 180, 193, 198, 199

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<em>Peace and struggle tor it-22, 28</em>,</p>

<p> <em>86</em>, 112, 167, 171, 172, 175,</p>

<p> 178, 184-185</p>

<p> <em>Persistence-^</em>, 101, 142, 145, 166


<em>Personality cult, its criticism-29</em>,</p>

<p> 187-190
<em>Position ot women-U</em>, 15, 23, 38,</p>

<p> 45, 63, 64, 69, 73


<em>Prestige of the leaders-29</em>, 35, 57,</p>

<p> 114-115, 127, 133, 189-190, 194


<em>Pride-61</em>, 99, 118, 170, 187, 195</p>

<p> <em>Ideas</em></p>

<p> -general principles-15, 16, 18,


94, 99, 108, 170, 171</p>

<p> ---bourgeois-13, 163</p>

<p> -revolutionary, communist-15, 79,


80, 89, 91, 97, 107, 108, 111,
132, 145, 146, 162, 164, 166,
167-168, 172, 173, 175, 179, 181,
182, 198, 199</p>

<p> <em>Interests, public-lT</em>, 20, 22, 23,


71, 75, 94, 132, 133, 149, 151,
167, 173, 176, 180, 181-182,
192-193, 195, 199, 200</p>

<p> <em>International proletarian


solidarity-28</em>, 45, 84, 85, 94, 97, 135,</p>

204

205

<p> <em>Principle and adherence to


principle-20, 28</em>, 40, 42, 53, 93,
129, 151, 152, 174, 176, 179,
187-189, 192</p>

<p> <em>Protection of people's interests-</em>


58, 167, 168, 173 179, 200, 201</p>

<p> <em>Psychology</em></p>

<p> -bourgeois-58, 142, 150</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> ---communist---139, 142</p>

<p> <em>Public</em></p>

<p> -forces-33, 177</p>

<p> -government-22, 92, 171, 172,


174</p>

<p> -security and order-22, 23, 164,


177, 193</p>

<p> ---against anti-party views and


positions-41, 53, 144, 146, 169,
188</p>

<p> -against bourgeois ideology;


against survivals of capitalism
in the minds of people-10, 22,
54, 73, 75, 80, 85, 86, 105, 118,
140, 154, 157, 158, 163-164, 173,</p>

<p> 176, 177, 178, 180, 191-192, 193,


200, 201</p>

<p> ---against injustice and


shortcomings-59, 83, 170, 177, 182-183</p>

<p> -for peace-29, 56, 94, 111, 167,


171-172, 175, 178, 184, 186</p>

<p> -against religious prejudices-41,


42, 85, 191-192</p>

<p> -against red-tape-59, 77, 112,


114, 153, 191</p>

<p> -for socialism and


communism24, 35, 43, 72, 76, 94, 101, 108,
117, 119, 130, 141, 142-143, 145-
146, 147, 149, 150, 154, 160-
161, 165, 167, 172, 173, 174-
175, 176, 180-181, 183, 185-
186, 192-193, 200, 201</p>

<p> <em>Staunchness-72</em>, 142, 143, 145,


146</p>

<p> <em>Successes ot the proletariat-29, 77</em>,


142, 168, 175, 182, 185</p>

<p> <em>Survivals of capitalism in the


minds of people and

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
elimination of these survivals-21, 22,
58</em>, 73, 85, 141, 153, 157, 176,</p>

<p> 177, 178, 180, 191-192, 193, 200,


201</p>

<p> <em>Vigilance-Ill</em>, 113


<em>Voluntariness-56</em>, 60, 67, 192, 193</p>

<p> W</p>

<p> <em>Will-57, 111, 112</em>, 157, 165


<em>Words and deeds-53</em>, 82, 147, 174,
186</p>

<p> <em>Work-12, 18</em>, 26, 27, 28, 32, 62,


69, 77, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 86,
87, 114, 119, 122, 125, 130, 147,
162-163, 164, 169, 170, 171,
177-179, 180, 183, 186,
189, 190, 192-193, 195, 197,
198, 201</p>

<p> <em>Religion</em></p>

<p> -general principles-9, 15, 19, 32,</p>

<p> 33, 34,-41


-struggle against it-20, 41, 42,</p>

<p> 191-192
<em>Respect lor working people-124</em>,</p>

<p> 130, 171


<em>Responsibility-54, 57</em>, 166, 169,</p>

<p> 176, 184, 188, 197, 201</p>

<p> <em>Self-sacrifice-27, 65</em>, 67, 99, 136,</p>

<p> 142, 179, 180, 182-183


<em>Self-discipline-</em>143, 192, 199
<em>Sincerity in politics-53</em>, 65, 169
<em>Socialist humanism-81</em>, 83, 86, 90,</p>

<p> 129, 140, 172, 179 194, 200


<em>Society</em>
-bourgeois-9, 10, 28, 34, 69,</p>

<p> 174, 175


-communist-21, 22, 28, 43, 58,</p>

<p> 59, 75, 77, 91, 94, 122, 146,</p>

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
<p> 164-165, 167, 168, 170, 172,</p>

<p> 173-174, 175, 176, 179, 183, 192,</p>

<p> 199, 201</p>

<p> <em>Solidarity-17, 24, 45</em>, 56, 83, 94,


97, 135, 141, 155, 167, 171,
178, 180, 181, 185</p>

<p> <em>Spiritual life of man-22</em>, 28, 80,


92, 100, 104, 106</p>

<p> <em>Struggle</em></p>

<p> <em>Truthfulness-52</em>, 65, 83, 92, 114,


150, 168, 169, 179, 187-188</p>

<p> U</p>

<p> <em>Unity-44</em>, 80, 93, 94, 126, 132,


143, 154, 156, 163, 185, 200</p>

<p> V</p>

<p> <em>Vanguard-</em>66, 93, 174, 180


<em>Victory of communism-</em>53, 60, 89,
98, 110, 125, 167, 186</p>

[207]

<p> TO <em>THE READER</em></p>

<p> <em>Progress Publishers would be glad to


have your opinion of this book, its
translation and design and any
suggestion you may have tor future
publications</em>.</p>

<p> <em>Please send your comments to 21,


Zubovsky Boulevard, Moscow, U.S.S.R</em>.</p>

<p> <em>Printed in the Union</em> of <em>Soviet Socialist Republics</em></p>

[208]

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/index.txt[2012-12-17 23:10:04]
@LBiz: en/HTML

More
Pages:
Hyper-text Markup Language (HTML) @AT LENINIST
(DOT) BIZ
<<<

>>>
The web pages listed below are auto-generated from ASCII text. If you link to a
<< • >> book’s index.html , please send an email to webmaster@ ... about your link. Click
<•> “ T*” at left to get a list of all titles including ones not online (yet—donations
needed).
 
Main Trends in Philosophy: A theoretical analysis of the history of
Contents 1988 HTML
philosophy., The
  U.S. Two-Party System: Past and present:, The View by Soviet
Index 1988 HTML
historians., A
Card
1988 HTML Capitalism at the End of the Century

Formats: 1988 HTML Felix Dzerzhinsky: A biography.


Text
PS 1988 Classes and the Class Struggle in the USSR, 1920s–1930s
HTML
PDF Problem of the Ideal: The nature of mind and its relationship to the
1988 HTML
brain and social medium, The
 
1988 HTML Teaching: Calling and skills.
Other
Titles: 1968 HTML Soviet Socialist Democracy
T*
  1968 HTML Dynamic Twentieth Century, The
Years:
19* 1968 Marx • Engels • Marxism [Lenin]
HTML
  Peaceful Coexistence: Contemporary international law of peaceful
1968 HTML
coexistence
###
1974 HTML October Storm and After:, The Stories and Reminiscences.
MAP
1974 HTML Lenin’s Ideas and Modern International Relations
1974 HTML Short History of the World in Two Volumes, A Volume II.
1974 HTML Short History of the World in Two Volumes, A Volume I.
1974 HTML Soviet Youth and Socialism.
1974 HTML Riddles of Three Oceans, The
1974 HTML Socialism and the Newly Independent Nations
1974 HTML New Scramble for Africa, The
1974 HTML Usa: Militarism and the Economy
2011 HTML Abc’s of Communism–Bolshevism 2012
1973 HTML Problems of the History of Philosophy.
1973 Neocolonialism: Methods and manoeuvres.
HTML
Future of Society:, The Critique of modern bourgeois philosophical
1973 HTML
and socio-political conceptions., A
1973 HTML U.S. Budget and Economic Policy.

http://www.leninist.biz/en/HTML[2012-12-17 23:10:15]
@LBiz: en/HTML

1973 HTML State of Israel: A Historical, Economic and Political Study , The
1973 HTML Soviet Court, The
1973 HTML World Communist Movement: An outline of strategy and tactics, The
1973 HTML Sholokhov: A critical appreciation
1973 HTML People’s Control in Socialist Society
1973 HTML Where Are Trotskyites Leading the Youth?
1973 HTML At the Bidding of the Heart: Essays, sketches, speeches, papers.
1973 HTML U.S. Labour Unions Today: Basic problems and trends.
1973 Soviet Peace Efforts on the Eve of World War II
HTML
War of Ideas in Contemporary International Relations:, The
1973 HTML Imperialist doctrine, methods and organisation of foreign political
propaganda., The
1973 HTML History of Realism, A

1982 HTML In the Grip of Terror


1982 HTML One Is Not Born a Personality.
1982 Diplomatic Battles Before World War II
HTML
Dialectical Materialism and the History of Philosophy Essays on the
1982 HTML
history of philosophy
1982 HTML Trade Among Capitalist Countries

1982 HTML Global Problems and the Future of Mankind


1982 HTML Soviet Legislation on Children’s Rights.
1982 HTML Right of the Accused to Defence in the USSR, The
1982 Correction of the Convicted: Law, theory, practice
HTML
Socialist Internationalism: Theory and practice of international
1982 HTML
relations of a new type
1982 HTML State and Nations in the USSR, The

1982 HTML Cia Target: The USSR


1982 HTML Basics of Marxist-Leninist Theory
History of the USSR in three parts: PART III: From the Beginning
1982 HTML
of the Great Patriotic War to the Present Day.
1982 HTML State-Monopoly Capitalism and the Labour Theory of Value.
World Capitalist Economy: Structural changes:, The Trends and
1982 HTML
problems.
1980 HTML Agony of a Dictatorship: Nicaraguan Chronicle, The
1980 Where Human Rights Are Real.
HTML
Ussr and Countries of Africa (Friendship, Cooperation, Support for
1980 HTML
the Anti-Imperialist Struggle)
1980 HTML Marxist Philosophy

1980 HTML Of Human Values: Soviet literature today

http://www.leninist.biz/en/HTML[2012-12-17 23:10:15]
@LBiz: en/HTML

1980 HTML Marxist-Leninist Philosophy (1980)


1980 HTML Truth About Afghanistan:, The Documents, Facts, Eyewitness Reports
1980 What Is Democratic Socialism?
HTML
Landmarks in History: The Marxist Doctrine of Socio-Economic
1980 HTML
Formations
1980 HTML Crisis of Capitalism and the Conditions of the Working People., The

1980 HTML Peking Reaches Out: A Study of Chinese Expansionism


1980 HTML Lenin: The Revolutionary.
1980 Fundamentals of Political Economy (1980)
HTML
International Working-Class Movement, Volume 1: The Origins of
1980 HTML the Proletariat and Its Evolution as a Revolutionary Class, The
Problems of History and Theory in Seven [sic] Volumes:
Georgi Plekhanov Selected Philosophical Works (Volume IV): In
1980 HTML
Five Volumes
1980 HTML History of Old Russian Literature, A

1980 HTML Komsomol: Questions and Answers, The


1980 HTML Working Class and its Allies, The
1980 Development of the Monist View of History., The
HTML
International Working-Class Movement, Volume 6: The Working-
Class Movement in the Developed Capitalist Countries After the
1987 HTML
Second World War (1945–1979), The Problems of History and
Theory in Seven [sic] Volumes:
1987 HTML U.S. Policy in Latin America: Postwar to present.

1987 HTML Communist Response to the Challenge of Our Time, The


1987 HTML What Is Historical Materialism? (ABC #7)
1987 HTML Looking Into the Future
1987 HTML Soviet Union and Africa, The
1987 What Is Dialectical Materialism? (ABC #6)
HTML
Marx’s Theory of Commodity and Surplus-Value: Formalised
1987 HTML
exposition
1987 HTML Concise Psychological Dictionary, A

1966 HTML Psychological Research in USSR: Volume 1


1979 HTML Semantic Philosophy of Art
1979 HTML Kampuchea: From Tragedy to Rebirth
1979 After 14,000 Wars
HTML
Usa: Imperialists and Anti-Imperialists: The great foreign policy
1979 HTML
debate at the turn of the Century
1979 HTML Dialectics in Modern Physics
Recent History of the Labor Movement in the United States 1939–
1979 HTML
1965

http://www.leninist.biz/en/HTML[2012-12-17 23:10:15]
@LBiz: en/HTML

1979 HTML Nations and Internationalism


1978 HTML Marxist-Leninist Philosophy (1978)
1978 HTML Socialist Revolution [MarxEngels], The
1978 HTML Man and Sea Warfare Training of Soviet Navy Personnel), The
1978 HTML Lenin Talks to America.
1978 HTML European Security and Co-Operation: Premises, problems, prospects
1978 HTML Triumph of Lenin’s Ideas: Proceedings of Plenary Session
1978 HTML Theory of Population: Essays in Marxist research., The
1986 HTML What Is The Working People’s Power? (ABC #19)
1986 HTML Political Thought of Ancient Greece
1986 HTML U.S. War Machine and Politics, The
1986 HTML Soviet Constitution: A dictionary, The
1970 HTML Soviet Literature: Problems and People
1970 HTML Leninist Theory of Revolution and Social Psychology
1970 HTML Lenin: The Great Theoretician.
1970 HTML Communism and Freedom
1970 HTML Short History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union., A
1970 HTML Petty-Bourgeois Revolutionism (Anarchism, Trotskyism and Maoism)
1970 HTML Leninism and the Revolutionary Process
1970 Maoism Through the Eyes of Communists
HTML
Georgi Dimitrov Selected Works (Volume 3) Selected Works in
0000 HTML
Three Volumes
0000 HTML By: JASON W. SMITH

0000 Monism and Pluralism in Ideology and in Politics (Abridged).


HTML
Revolutionary COMMUNIST PARTY, USA Document Archive
0000 HTML
(Incomplete)
0000 HTML The POLICY OF NON-ALIGNMENT

0000 HTML By: ANNA LOUISE STRONG


1972 HTML Marxism-Leninism on War and Army
1972 HTML Critique of Mao Tse-Tung’s Theoretical Conceptions., A
1972 On The Art and Craft of Writing
HTML
Leninism and Contemporary Problems of the Transition from
1972 HTML
Capitalism to Socialism.
1972 HTML Leninism and the Battle of Ideas.

1972 World Socialist System:, The Main problems, states of development.


HTML
Scientific and Technological Revolution: Social Effects and
1972 HTML
Prospects, The

http://www.leninist.biz/en/HTML[2012-12-17 23:10:15]
@LBiz: en/HTML

Problems of War and Peace: A critical analysis of bourgeois


1972 HTML
theories.
1972 HTML Economic Geography of the World Popular Outline), A
Destructive Policy, A This is a collection of articles from the Soviet
press, exposing the policy of the Chinese leadership for what it is—a
1972 HTML
policy harmful to the cause of socialism, and the world revolutionary
and liberation movements.
1972 HTML Maoism Unmasked: Collection of Soviet Press Articles

1972 HTML Profession of the Stage-Director, The


1972 HTML Health Protection in the USSR.
1972 On Historical Materialism • A Collection [Marx-Engels-Lenin]
HTML
At the Turning Points of History: Some lessons of the struggle
1972 HTML
against revisionism within the Marxist-Leninist movement
1972 HTML Following Lenin’s Course: Speeches and articles

1972 HTML Secrets of the Second World War.


1972 HTML Lenin About the Press
1972 HTML Our Course: Peace and Socialism
1972 HTML Leninism and Modern China’s Problems
1972 HTML Humanism: Its Philosophical, Ethical and Sociological Aspects.
1926 HTML Moscow Diary, A
This Nation and Socialism Are One Selected writings of Le Duan,
1976 HTML
First Secretary, Central Committee, Vietnam Workers Party
Leninism and the World Revolutionary Working-Class Movement
1976 HTML (1976): Problems of the stuggle for the unity of the proletariat, of all
anti-imperialist forces.
1976 HTML 20th Century American Literature: A Soviet view.
Georgi Plekhanov Selected Philosophical Works (Volume II): In Five
1976 HTML
Volumes
1976 HTML History of the USA Since World War I
1976 HTML Contemporary Anti-Communism: Policy and ideology.
1976 HTML Life and Work of Walt Whitman: A Soviet view
Hague Congress of the First International, September 2–7, 1872:, The
1976 HTML
Minutes and Documents
Cp of China :: THE POLEMIC ON THE GENERAL LINE OF
1976 HTML
THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIST MOVEMENT
1976 HTML Theory and Practice of Proletarian Internationalism, The
Georgi Plekhanov Selected Philosophical Works (Volume III): In
1976 HTML
Five Volumes
1976 HTML Marxist-Leninist Aesthetics and Life: Collection of articles, A
1976 HTML Humanism of Art., The
1976 HTML Right-Wing Revisionism Today

http://www.leninist.biz/en/HTML[2012-12-17 23:10:15]
@LBiz: en/HTML

1976 HTML Ussr: For Peace Against Aggression: 1933–1941.


Monopoly Press: Or, How American journalism found itself in the
1976 HTML
vicious circle of the “crisis of credibility”, The
1976 HTML This NATION AND SOCIALISM ARE ONE
Letters From the Dead: Last letters from Soviet men and women
1965 HTML
who died fighting the Nazis (1941–1945)
1984 HTML Behind the Scenes of Third Reich Diplomacy.
1984 HTML Problems of Common Security
1984 HTML New Information Order or Psychological Warfare?, A
1984 HTML Economies of the Countries of Latin America
International Working-Class Movement, Volume 4: The Socialist
1984 HTML Revolution in Russia and the International Working Class (1917–
1923), The Problems of History and Theory in Seven [sic] Volumes:
1984 HTML Political Consciousness in the U.S.A.: Traditions and evolutions.
Psychology of Phantasy:, The Experimental and theoretical
1984 HTML
investigation into the intrinsic laws of productive mentality., An
1984 HTML Subject, Object, Cognition.
Teaching of Political Economy: A critique of non-Marxian theories,
1984 HTML
The
1984 HTML Terrorism and International Law
1984 HTML Alternatives to Positivism.
1984 HTML World War II: Myths and the Realities.
1984 HTML World Without Arms?, A
Nuclear WAR: THE MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL
1984 HTML
CONSEQUENCES
1984 HTML Dictionary of Scientific Communism., A
History of the Three Internationals World Socialist and Communist
1955 HTML
Movements from 1848 to the Present, The
1931 HTML Science AT THE CROSS ROADS
1990 HTML World MARXIST REVIEW
1990 HTML Meaning and Conceptual Systems.
1993 HTML Contemporary World Situation and Validity of Marxism
1977 HTML Philosophy of Optimism: Current problems
1977 HTML Planning a Socialist Economy Vol. 1
1977 HTML Planning a Socialist Economy Vol. 2
1977 HTML Philosophy in the USSR: Problems of dialectical materialism.
1977 HTML Foundations of Marxist Aesthetics
1977 HTML Sukhomlinsky on Education, V.
1977 HTML How Socialism Began: Russia Under Lenin’s Leadership 1917–1923
1977 HTML Military-Industrial Complex of the USA, The

http://www.leninist.biz/en/HTML[2012-12-17 23:10:15]
@LBiz: en/HTML

Man At Work: The Scientific and Technological Revolution, the


1977 HTML
Soviet Working Class and Intelligentsia
1977 HTML Teaching

1977 Ussr State Industry During the Transition Period


HTML
Georgi Plekhanov Selected Philosophical Works (Volume I): In Five
1977 HTML
Volumes
1977 HTML Nihilism Today.

1977 HTML Revolutionary Vanguard:, The Battle of ideologies.


1967 HTML Scientific Communism (A Popular Outline) 
1967 Lenin In Our Life.
HTML
What If Everything You Thought You Knew About AIDS Was
2000 HTML
Wrong?
1975 HTML Philosophy and Sociology.

1975 HTML “Cultural Revolution”: A close-up: (An eyewitness account), The


1975 HTML Critique of Masarykism, A
1975 HTML Women Today
1975 HTML Philosophy of Revolt: Criticism of left radical ideology., The
1975 HTML Science In Its Youth: Pre-Marxian political economy, A
1975 Planning of Manpower in the Soviet Union
HTML
Policy of Provocation and Expansion: A collection of documents and
1975 HTML articles, published in the Soviet press, dealing with China’s policy of
annexation and its territorial claims to other countries, A
1975 HTML Science and Morality

1975 HTML History and Politics: American historiography on Soviet society


Fundamentals of Political Science: Textbook for primary political
1975 HTML
education.
Leninist Theory of Socialist Revolution and the Contemporary
1975 HTML
World.
1975 HTML Cmea Today: From economic co-operation to economic integration
Man After Work: Social problems of daily life and leisure time.
1975 HTML Based on the surveys of workers’ time budgets in major cities of the
European part of the USSR
International Solidarity with the Spanish Republic 1936–1939:
1975 HTML
Detailed account of the activities of the International Brigades, A
1975 HTML Monetary Crisis Of Capitalism: Origin, Development
1975 HTML Economic Cycle: Postwar Development, The
1975 Present-Day China: Socio-economic problems, collected articles.
HTML
History OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF THE SOVIET UNION
1939 HTML
/ BOLSHEVIKS / SHORT COURSE
The LAND OF SOCIALISM TODAY TOMORROW Reports AND
SPEECHES AT THE EIGHTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE
1939 HTML
COMMUNIST PARTY OF THE SOVIET UNION (BOLSHEVIKS)

http://www.leninist.biz/en/HTML[2012-12-17 23:10:15]
@LBiz: en/HTML

March 10-21, 1939


1969 HTML Problems of Modern Aesthetics: Collection of articles.

1969 HTML Sociology: Problems of theory and method.


1969 Communism IN THE UNITED STATES— A BIBLIOGRAPHY
HTML
International MEETING OF COMMUNIST AND WORKERS’
1969 HTML
PARTIES – MOSCOW 1969
1969 HTML Millionaires and Managers

1969 HTML Fifty Soviet Poets


1969 HTML Contemporary International Law: Collection of articles.
Making of the Marxist Philosophy from Idealism and Revolutionary
1981 HTML Democracy to Dialectical Materialism and Scientific Communism,
The
1981 HTML Economic Substantiation of the Theory of Socialism, The
Unity, Solidarity, Internationalism: International Communist Unity:
1981 HTML
Historical Experience, Principles and Problems
1981 HTML Dmitry Shostakovich: About himself and his times
1981 Disarmament and the Economy
HTML
Georgi Plekhanov Selected Philosophical Works (Volume V): In Five
1981 HTML
Volumes
History of the USSR in three parts: PART II: From the October
1981 HTML
Socialist Revolution to the Beginning of the Great Patriotic War.
1981 HTML Workers in Society: Polemical essays

1981 HTML Enigma of Capital: A Marxist viewpoint., The


1981 HTML Ultras in the USA., The
History of the USSR in three parts: PART I: From the earliest times
1981 HTML
to the Great October Socialist Revolution.
International Working-Class Movement, Volume 2: The Working-
1981 HTML Class Movement in the Period of Transition to Imperialism (1871–
1904), The Problems of History and Theory in Seven [sic] Volumes:
1981 HTML Nuclear Strategy and Common Sense
Problems of the Communist Movement: Some Questions of Theory
1981 HTML
and Method.
1981 HTML Priorities of Soviet Foreign Policy Today, The
Political Economy of Revolution:, The Contemporary issues seen
1981 HTML
from the historical standpoint
1981 HTML Scientific and Technical Revolution: Economic aspects
1981 HTML Socialism As a Social System
1981 HTML Yakov Sverdlov
1983 HTML Civilisation and the Historical Process
1983 HTML Lenin on Language
1983 HTML Freedom of Conscience in the USSR

http://www.leninist.biz/en/HTML[2012-12-17 23:10:15]
@LBiz: en/HTML

1983 HTML Strategy of Transnational Corporations, The


1983 HTML Ussr–FRG Relations: A new stage
1983 Lenin: A Biography
HTML
International Working-Class Movement, Volume 3: Revolutionary
1983 HTML battles of the early 20th Century, The Problems of History and
Theory in Seven [sic] Volumes:
1983 HTML History in the Making: Memoirs of World War II Diplomacy

1983 HTML Politcal Economy (1983)


1983 Lenin on the Intelligentsia
HTML
Myth, Philosophy, Avant-Gardism: Philosophic myth-making and the
1983 HTML
literary avant-gardism
1983 HTML Psychology of Management of Labour Collectives, The

1989 HTML Ho Chi Minh.


1957 HTML Universe, The
1985 HTML American Utopia, The
1985 HTML History of Afganistan
1985 HTML Contemporary Revolutionary Process: Theoretical Essays, The
1985 HTML History of Ancient Philosophy: Greece and Rome
1985 Contemporary Political Science in the USA and Western Europe
HTML
Aggressive Broadcasting, Evidence Facts Documents: Psychological
1985 HTML
Warfare
1985 HTML Dictionary of Political Economy., A

1985 HTML Western Aid: Myth and Reality


1985 HTML Blacks in United States History
1985 HTML Washington Silhouettes: A political round-up
War Is Their Business: The U.S. Military-Industrial Complex: United
1985 HTML
Technologies, General Dynamics, General Electric
1985 HTML India: Spotlight on Population Demographic outline, A
Marxist-Leninist Theory of Society:, The Identity and Diversity of
1985 HTML
Social Development in the West and East
1985 HTML Witness to War: American doctor in El Salvador, An
International Working-Class Movement, Volume 5: The Builder of
1985 HTML Socialism and Fighter Against Fascism, The Problems of History and
Theory in Seven [sic] Volumes:
1985 HTML Genocide
1985 HTML Emotions, Myths and Theories.
1962 HTML Communist Morality
1960 HTML Materialism and the Dialectical Method (by Cornforth 1960)
1928 HTML History OF THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL

http://www.leninist.biz/en/HTML[2012-12-17 23:10:15]
@LBiz: en/HTML

1942 Lenin COLLECTED WORKS (International), V.I. 1916–1917


HTML
THE GREAT CONSPIRACY Secret War Against Soviet Russia,
1946 HTML
The
1971 HTML Finance and Credit in the USSR

1971 HTML Materialism and the Dialectical Method ( by Cornforth 1971)


1971 HTML On the Paris Commune
1971 HTML Lenin and Books
1971 Development of Revolutionary Theory by the CPSU.
HTML
Leninism and the World Revolutionary Working-Class Movement
1971 HTML (1971): Problems of the stuggle for the unity of the proletariat, of all
anti-imperialist forces.
1971 HTML Young Communist International and Its Origins, The

1971 HTML Socialist Society: Scientific principles of development


1971 HTML Theory of Knowledge ( by Cornforth ), The
1971 HTML Historical Materialism ( by Cornforth )
1971 HTML Socialism and Capitalism: Score and Prospects
1971 HTML Re-reading Dostoyevsky
1971 HTML Philosophical Views of Mao Tse-Tung: A Critical Analysis, The
1923 HTML Kristin Labransdatter
1963 Fundamentals of Marxism-Leninism • Manual
HTML
Communist :: 1938 (VOL. XVII), The A MAGAZINE OF THE
THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MARXISM-LENINISM
1938 HTML
PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF
THE U.S.A.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/HTML  
leninistbiz 1,800  •  titles in [ en/TAZ ]
 Created : 2011 August 06    •   Refreshed : 23:10:14 288  •  eBooks currently online
 
leninistbiz FREE electronic books ... @Leninist(dot)Biz leninistbiz

http://www.leninist.biz/en/HTML[2012-12-17 23:10:15]
@LBiz: en/HTML

http://www.leninist.biz/en/HTML[2012-12-17 23:10:15]
@LBiz: en/AZ: en/PS = PostScript (PS)

More
Pages:
PostScript (PS) @AT LENINIST
(DOT) BIZ
<<<

>>>
We agree with the article below.
<< • >>
<•> Therefore, a way to provide you with PDF and PostScript without putting those
types of files online will be needed.     Maybe (a.) email request to webmaster,
(b.) auto-response with link to PDF or PostScript file, (c.) auto-delete link after a
  few hours.
Contents
 
Index
PDF: Unfit for Human Consumption
Card
http://www.useit.com/alertbox/20030714.html
Formats:
Text
PS    
PDF http://leninist.biz/en/PS  
leninistbiz 1,800  •  titles in [ en/TAZ ]
   Created : 2011 August 06    •   Refreshed : 23:10:19 288  •  eBooks currently online
Other
Titles:  
T* leninistbiz FREE electronic books ... @Leninist(dot)Biz leninistbiz
 
Years:
19*
 

###
MAP

http://www.leninist.biz/en/PS[2012-12-17 23:10:21]
@LBiz: en/AZ: en/PDF = Portable Document Format (PDF)

More
Pages:
Portable Document Format (PDF) @AT LENINIST
(DOT) BIZ
<<<

>>>
We agree with the article below.
<< • >>
<•> Therefore, a way to provide you with PDF and PostScript without putting those
types of files online will be needed.     Maybe (a.) email request to webmaster,
(b.) auto-response with link to PDF or PostScript file, (c.) auto-delete link after a
  few hours.
Contents
 
Index
PDF: Unfit for Human Consumption
Card
http://www.useit.com/alertbox/20030714.html
Formats:
Text
PS    
PDF http://leninist.biz/en/PDF  
leninistbiz 1,800  •  titles in [ en/TAZ ]
   Created : 2011 August 06    •   Refreshed : 23:10:22 288  •  eBooks currently online
Other
Titles:  
T* leninistbiz FREE electronic books ... @Leninist(dot)Biz leninistbiz
 
Years:
19*
 

###
MAP

http://www.leninist.biz/en/PDF[2012-12-17 23:10:24]
@LBiz: __TITLE_ELEMENT_SORT_BY_PATH__

More
Pages:
A. B . C. D . E. F. G . H . I. J. K . L. M.         Titles @AT LENINIST
(DOT) BIZ
<<< N . O. P . Q. R . S . T . U . V . W . X . Y . Z .         A–Z

>>>

<< • >> No data at this time.


<•>

     
Contents http://leninist.biz/en/T  
  leninistbiz 1,800  •  titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Index  Created : 2011 August 06    •   Refreshed : 288  •  eBooks currently
Card 23:10:24 online
 
Formats: leninistbiz FREE electronic books ... @Leninist(dot)Biz leninistbiz
Text
PS
PDF

 
Other
Titles:
T*
 
Years:
19*
 

###
MAP

http://www.leninist.biz/en/T[2012-12-17 23:10:26]
@LBiz: en/19* = Years

More
Pages:
1970 • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9         Years @AT LENINIST
(DOT) BIZ
<<< 1980 • 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9

>>>

<< • >> No data at this time.


<•>

     
Contents http://leninist.biz/en/19  
 
leninistbiz 1,800  •  titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Index  Created : 2011 August 06    •   Refreshed : 23:10:28 288  •  eBooks currently online
Card  
leninistbiz FREE electronic books ... @Leninist(dot)Biz leninistbiz
Formats:
Text
PS
PDF

 
Other
Titles:
T*
 
Years:
19*
 

###
MAP

http://www.leninist.biz/en/19[2012-12-17 23:10:29]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.Frederick.Engels

MAP

<<< COmmUNIST MORalITY @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> LENIN 39


<•> VLADIMIR ILYICH
(1870–1924)
TOC
—great theoretician of Marxism,
Card
founder of the Communist Party
of the Soviet Union and of the
Text
HTML Soviet socialist state.
 

PS
From the Article
PDF
"Frederick Engels”
 

T* 099-7.jpg
19*

###

V-LENIN p

... Two volumes of Capital are the work of two men: Marx and Engels. Old legends
contain various moving instances of friendship. The European proletariat may say
that its science was created by two scholars and fighters, whose relationship to each
other surpasses the most moving stories of the ancients about human friendship.
Engels always-and, on the whole, quite justly-placed himself after Marx. "In Marx’s

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Frederick.Engels[2012-12-17 23:10:33]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.Frederick.Engels

lifetime," he wrote to an old friend, "I played second fiddle." His love for the living
Marx, and his reverence for the memory of the dead Marx were boundless. This
stern fighter and austere thinker possessed a deeply loving soul....

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< From the Article "A Retrograde >>


Trend in Russian Social-Democracy"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Frederick.Engels  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:10:31 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Frederick.Engels[2012-12-17 23:10:33]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.A.Retrograde.Trend

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 40


<•> "A Retrograde Trend
in Russian Social-Democracy"
TOC  

Card ... We recognise the duty of comradeship, the duty to support all comrades, the duty p
to tolerate the opinions of comrades, but as far as we axe concerned, the duty of
Text comradeship derives from our duty to Russian and international Social-Democracy,
HTML and not vice versa.
PS
PDF We recognise our comradely obligations to Rabochaya Mysl  [ 40•*   not because its
editors are our comrades; we consider the editors of Rabochaya Mysl our comrades
T* only because and to the extent that they work in the ranks of Russian (and,
19* consequently, of international) SocialDemocracy. Therefore, if we are certain that the
“comrades” are moving backwards, away from the SocialDemocratic programme, that
### the “comrades” are hemming in and distorting the aims of the working-class
movement, we consider it our duty to give expression to our convictions with a
complete certainty that leaves nothing unsaid!

***
 
normal
TEXT SIZE
Notes

[ 40•* ]   Rabochaya My si-the newspaper of the “Economists”. In articles published in


the newspaper. Iskra and in his book What Is to Be Done?, Lenin criticised the
views of Rabochaya Mysl as being a Russian variety of international opportunism.

< >
 

<< From the Article "Frederick Engels'' From a Letter to P. N. Lepeshinsky >>
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.A.Retrograde.Trend  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:10:41 252 e-books currently online
 

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.A.Retrograde.Trend[2012-12-17 23:10:44]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.A.Retrograde.Trend

@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.A.Retrograde.Trend[2012-12-17 23:10:44]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.Party.Organisation

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 41


<•> "Party Organisation and Party Literature"
 

TOC ... We are discussing party literature and its subordination to party control. Everyone
Card is free to write and say whatever he likes, without any restrictions. But every
voluntary association (including a party) is also free to expel members who use the
Text
name of the party to advocate anti-party views. Freedom of speech and the press
HTML must be complete. But then freedom of association must be complete too. I am
PS bound to accord you, in the name of free speech, the full right to shout, lie and
PDF write to your heart’s content. But you are bound to grant me, in the name of
freedom of association, the right to enter into, or withdraw from, association with
T* people advocating this or that view. The party is a voluntary association, which
19* would inevitably break up, first ideologically and then physically, if it did not cleanse
itself of people advocating anti-party views....
###
***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< From a Letter to P. N. Lepeshinsky From the Article "The Attitude of the >>
Workers' Party to Religion"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Party.Organisation  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:10:48 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Party.Organisation[2012-12-17 23:10:51]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.Party.Organisation

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Party.Organisation[2012-12-17 23:10:51]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.The.Attitude

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 41


<•> "The Attitude of the Workers’
Party to Religion"
TOC  

Card ... Religion is the opium of the people-this dictum by Marx is the corner-stone of p
the whole Marxist outlook on religion. Marxism has always regarded all modern
Text religions and churches, and each and every religious organisation, as instruments of 42
HTML bourgeois reaction that serve to defend exploitation and to befuddle the working
PS class.
PDF
. .. We must combat religion-that is the ABC of all materialism, and consequently p
T* of Marxism. But Marxism is not a materialism which has topped at the ABC.
19* Marxism goes further. It says: We must know how to combat religion, and in order
to do so we must explain the source of faith and religion among the masses in a
### materialist way. The combating of religion cannot be confined to abstract ideological
preaching, and it must not be reduced to such preaching. It must be linked up with
the concrete practice of the class movement, which aims at eliminating the social
roots of religion. .,.

... A Marxist must be a materialist, i.e., an enemy of religion, but a dialectical


materialist, i.e., one who treats the struggle against religion not in an abstract way,
not on the basis of remote, purely theoretical, never varying preaching, but in a
concrete way, on the basis of the class struggle which is going on in practice and is
educating the masses more and better than anything else could. A Marxist must be
able to view the concrete situation as a whole, he must always be able to find the
boundary between anarchism and opportunism (this boundary is relative, shifting and
changeable, but it exists). And he must not succumb either to the abstract, verbal, but
in reality empty “revolutionism” of the anarchist, or to the Philistinism and
opportunism of the petty bourgeois or liberal intellectual, who boggles at the struggle
against religion, forgets that this is his duty, reconciles himself to belief in God, and
is guided not by the interests of the class struggle but by the petty and mean
consideration of offending nobody, repelling nobody and scaring nobodyby the sage
rule: "live and let live", etc., etc, >.,

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< From the Article "Party Organisation From the Article "Once More on >>
and Party Literature" Partyism and Non-Partyism"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.The.Attitude[2012-12-17 23:10:58]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.The.Attitude

communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent


international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.The.Attitude  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:10:55 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.The.Attitude[2012-12-17 23:10:58]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.Once.More

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 43


<•> "Once More on Partyism and Non-Partyism"
 

TOC ... But for the very reason that we uphold the Party principle, in the interests of the
Card broad masses, for the sake of freeing them from any kind of bourgeois influence, for
the sake of the fullest clarity of class alignments, we must exert to the maximum our
Text
strength and vigilance to see that the Party principle is observed not in words merely,
HTML but in tact....
PS
PDF ***
 
T* TEXT SIZE
normal

19* Notes

### < >


 

<< From the Article "The Attitude of From an Obituary "Ivan Vasilyevich >>
the Workers' Party to Religion" Babushkin"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Once.More  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:11:00 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Once.More[2012-12-17 23:11:02]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.Once.More

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Once.More[2012-12-17 23:11:02]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.an.Obituary.Ivan.Vasilyevich.Babushkin

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From an Obituary 43


<•> "Ivan Vasilyevich Babushkin"  [ 43•*  
 

TOC ... But there are such national heroes. They are people like Babushkin. They are p
Card people who, not for a year or two but for a whole decade before the revolution,
wholeheartedly devoted themselves to the struggle for the emancipation of the
Text
working class. They are people who did not dissipate their energies on the futile
HTML terrorist acts of individuals, but who worked, persistently and unswervingly among
PS the proletarian masses, helping to develop their consciousness, their organisation and
PDF their revolutionary initiative. They are people who stood at the head of the armed 44
mass struggle against the tsarist autocracy when the crisis began, when the revolution
T* broke out and when millions and millions were stirred into action. Everything won
19* from the tsarist autocracy was won exclusively by the struggle of the masses led by
such people as Babushkin.
###
Without such men the Russian people would remain for ever a people of slaves and
serfs. With such men the Russian people will win complete emancipation from all
exploitation.

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

[ 43•* ]   Ivan Vasilyevich Babushkin (1873-1906)-a professional revolutionary and


pupil o£ Lenin; began his revolutionary activity in 1893 when he joined a study
circle led by Lenin. He was an active member of the St. Petersburg and
Yekaterinoslav "Unions of Struggle for the Emancipation of the Working Class" and
also a member of the Irkutsk and Chita committees of the Russian Social-Democratic
Party; played an important part in founding Iskra (1900), the first legal Marxist
newspaper; took part in the 1905-1907 revolution. He was shot by a punitive
expedition of the tsarist government.

< >
 

<< From the Article "Once More on From the Article "The Working Class >>
Partyism and Non-Partyism" and Neomalthusianism"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.an.Obituary.Ivan.Vasilyevich.Babushkin[2012-12-17 23:11:06]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.an.Obituary.Ivan.Vasilyevich.Babushkin

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-
From.an.Obituary.Ivan.Vasilyevich.Babushkin
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ
leninistbiz ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:11:04 252 e-books currently
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.an.Obituary.Ivan.Vasilyevich.Babushkin[2012-12-17 23:11:06]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.The.Working.Class-

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 44


<•> "The Working Class and Neomalthusianism"
 

TOC ... The working class is not perishing, it is growing, becoming stronger, gaining p
Card courage, consolidating itself, educating itself and becoming steeled in battle. We are
pessimists as far as serfdom, capitalism and petty production are concerned, but we
Text
are ardent optimists in what concerns the working-class movement and its aims. We
HTML are already laying the foundations of a new edifice and our children will complete
PS its construction.
PDF
That is the reason-the only reason-why we are definitely the enemies of
T* neomalthusianism,  [ 44•*   suited only to unfeeling and egoistic petty-bourgeois
19* couples, who whisper in scared voices: "God grant we manage somehow ourselves.
So much the better if we have no children—-"
###
***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

[ 44•* ]   Neomalthusianism-a variety of the reactionary doctrine of Malthus, an


English bourgeois economist. To distract the workers from revolutionary struggle, the
Malthusianists advocated the false idea that social evils could be removed by
artificially curtailing the growth of the population.

< >
 

<< From an Obituary "Ivan Vasilyevich From the Article "Corrupting the >>
Babushkin" Workers with Refined Nationalism"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.The.Working.Class-  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:11:08 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.The.Working.Class-[2012-12-17 23:11:10]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.The.Working.Class-

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.The.Working.Class-[2012-12-17 23:11:10]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.Corrupting.the.Workers

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 45


<•> "Corrupting the Workers with Refined Nationalism"
 

TOC ... The interests of proletarian solidarity and comradely unity in the workers’ class
Card struggle call for the fullest equality of nations with a view to removing every trace
of national distrust, estrangement, suspicion and enmity. And full equality implies the
Text
repudiation of all privileges for any one language and the recognition of the right of
HTML self-determination for all nations....
PS
PDF ***
 
T* TEXT SIZE
normal

19* Notes

### < >


 

<< From the Article "The Working From the Article "The Right of >>
Class and Neomalthusianism" Nations to Self-Determination"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific communism, prominent figure in the Communist
leaders of the international Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Corrupting.the.Workers  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:11:16 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Corrupting.the.Workers[2012-12-17 23:11:20]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.Corrupting.the.Workers

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Corrupting.the.Workers[2012-12-17 23:11:20]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.The.Right.of.Nations

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 45


<•> "The Right of Nations to Self-Determination"
 

TOC ... The reactionaries are opposed to freedom of divorce; they say that it must be
Card "handled carefully", and loudly declare that it means the "disintegration of the
family". The democrats, however, believe that the reactionaries are hypocrites, and
Text
that they are actually defending the omnipotence of the police and the bureaucracy,
HTML the privileges of one of the sexes, and the worst kind of oppression of women. They
PS believe that in actual fact freedom of divorce will not cause the “disintegration” of
PDF family ties, but, on the contrary, will strengthen them on a democratic basis, which is
the only possible and durable basis in civilised society.
T*
19* ***
 
### TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< From the Article "Corrupting the Letter to Inessa Armand >>
Workers with Refined Nationalism"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.The.Right.of.Nations  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:11:24 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.The.Right.of.Nations[2012-12-17 23:11:32]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.The.Right.of.Nations

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.The.Right.of.Nations[2012-12-17 23:11:32]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-Letter.to.Inessa.Armand

MAP

<<< COmmUNIST MORalITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> Letter to Inessa Armand  [ 45•*   45


<•>  

Dear friend, p
TOC
I strongly advise you to write the plan of the pamphlet in more detail. Otherwise p
Card
too much is not clear.

Text I should state one opinion already now: p 46


HTML
PS § 3–1 advise you to throw out entirely "the demand (female) for free love”. p
PDF
This would, in fact, be not a proletarian, but a bourgeois demand. p
T*
19* As a matter of fact, what do you understand by it? What can be understood by it? p

### (1) Freedom from material (financial) considerations in the matter of love? p

(2) from material cares as well? p

(3) from religious prejudices? p

(4) from the father’s ban, etc.? p

(5) from the prejudices of “society”? p

(6) from a narrow environment (peasant or philistine or bourgeois-intellectual) ? p

(7) from the bonds of the law, the court and the police? p

(8) from what is serious in love? p

(9) from child-birth? p

(10) freedom of adultery? etc. p

I have listed several (not all, of course) of the shades of meaning. You understand, p
of course, not Nos. 8-10, but either Nos. 1-7 or something like Nos. 1-7.

But a different wording for Nos. 1-7 should be chosen, for free love does not p
accurately express this idea.

But the public reading the pamphlet will inevitably take "free love" in general as p
being in the nature of Nos. 8-10, even against your will.

It is precisely because in modern society the most garrulous, clamorous and p


“prominent” classes understand "free love" in the sense of Nos. 8-10, for just that
reason this is not a proletarian, but a bourgeois demand.

Most important for the proletariat are Nos. 1-2, and then Nos. 1-7, and that, p

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-Letter.to.Inessa.Armand[2012-12-17 23:11:46]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-Letter.to.Inessa.Armand

properly speaking, is not "free love”.

It is not a question of what you subjectively "want to mean" by this. It is a p 47


question of the objective logic of class relations in matters of love.

Friendly shake hands, W. I. Written in Berne, on January 17, 1915

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

[ 45•* ]   Inessa Armand (Yelizaveta Fyodorovna, 1875-1920)—prominent figure in the


Russian Communist Party and the international women’s communist movement, a
friend of Lenin’s family.

< >
 

<< From the Article "The Right of From a Letter to Inessa Armand >>
Nations to Self-Determination"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific communism, prominent figure in the Communist
leaders of the international Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-Letter.to.Inessa.Armand  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:11:43 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-Letter.to.Inessa.Armand[2012-12-17 23:11:46]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-Letter.to.Inessa.Armand

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-Letter.to.Inessa.Armand[2012-12-17 23:11:46]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.a.Letter.to.Inessa.Armand

MAP

<<< COMMUNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From a Letter to Inessa Armand 47


<•>  

Dear friend, p
TOC
I apologise for the delay in replying: I wanted to write yesterday, but was detained p
Card
and there was no time to sit down to a letter.

Text Regarding your plan for the pamphlet, I found that "the demand for "free love" was p
HTML not clear, and-quite apart from any will or desire on your part (I stressed this,
PS saying: it is a question of objective, class relations and not of your subjective
PDF desires)-would in the present social situation be a bourgeois and not a proletarian
demand.
T*
19* You do not agree. p

### All right. Let us examine the matter once more. p

To make clear what was unclear, I listed approximately a dozen possible (and p
inevitable in conditions of class differences) different interpretations, and pointed out
that in my opinion interpretations 1-7 will be typical or characteristic of proletarian
women and 8-10 of bourgeois women.

If this is to be refuted, it has to be shown (1) that these interpretations are incorrect p
(then put others in their place or indicate the incorrect ones) or (2) incomplete (then
add what is lacking) or (3) are not correctly divided into proletarian and bourgeois.

You do neither the first, nor the second, nor the third. p 48

You do not touch on points 1-7 at all. This means you recognise them (in general) p
as correct? (What you write about the prostitution of proletarian women and their
dependence: "the impossibility of saying no" fits perfectly under points 1-7. It is
impossible to see any disagreement between us here.)

Neither do you dispute the fact that this is a proletarian interpretation. p

There remain points 8-10. p

These you "do not quite understand" and so you “argue”: "I do not understand how p
it is possible (that is how it is written!) to identify (!!??) free love with" point 10—–

It follows that I "am identifying" and you were about to berate and rout me? p

How is this? What is this? p

Bourgeois women mean by free love points 8-10-that is my thesis. p

Do you refute this? Tell me what do bourgeois ladies mean by free love? p

You do not say. Does not literature and life prove that bourgeois women mean just p

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.a.Letter.to.Inessa.Armand[2012-12-17 23:11:54]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.a.Letter.to.Inessa.Armand

that? They prove it absolutely ! You tacitly admit this.

And since that is the case, it is a matter here of their class position, and “refuting” p
them is hardly possible and might hardly be anything but naive.

It is necessary to isolate the proletarian standpoint from them and to counterpose it p


to them. It is necessary to take into account the objective fact that otherwise they
will extract the passages that suit them from your pamphlet, interpret them in their
own way, make your pamphlet bring grist to their mill, distort your ideas before the
workers, “confuse” the workers (by arousing in them the apprehension that you are 49
putting alien ideas before them). And they have at their disposal a host of
newspapers, etc.

And you, completely forgetting the objective and class point of view, launch an p
“attack” on me, as if I “identify” free love with points 8-10.. . . It’s funny, really
very funny.. ..

“Even a fleeting passion and liaison" is "more poetic and cleaner" than the "loveless p
kisses" of (vulgar and philistine) married couples. That is what you write. And that is
what you intend to write in your pamphlet. Fine.

Is this comparison logical? Loveless kisses of philistine married couples are unclean. p
Agreed. They should be counterposed ... to what? It would seem: kisses with love?
But you counterpose to them a “fleeting” (why fleeting?) “passion” (why not love?).
It would appear, logically, that loveless (fleeting) kisses are counterposed to the
loveless kisses of married couples.... It’s strange.

Would it not be better for a popular pamphlet to counterpose the philistine, unclean,
loveless marriage of a petty-bourgeois-intellectual-peasant kind (apparently, my point
6 or point 5) to proletarian, civil marriage with love (with the addition, if you
absolutely insist, that a fleeting liaison-passion can also be unclean or it can be
clean). What you have here is not counterposing class types, but something in the
nature of a "special case", which, of course, is possible. But is it a matter of special
cases? If you take the theme: the special, individual case of unclean kisses in
marriage and clean kisses in a fleeting liaisonthen this theme should be dealt with in
a novel (for here the whole crux of the matter is the individual situation, the analysis
of the characters and psychology of given types). But in a pamphlet?

099-8.jpg 50

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.a.Letter.to.Inessa.Armand[2012-12-17 23:11:54]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.a.Letter.to.Inessa.Armand

099-9.jpg

51

52
You have understood very well my idea about the unsuitable quotation from Ellen p
Key,  [ 52•*   when you said that it is “stupid” to appear in the role of "professors of
love". Precisely. Well, and what about the role of .professors of fleeting.. ., etc.?

Honestly, I don’t at all want a polemic. I would readily throw away this letter of p
mine and put off the matter until we could talk together. But I should like the
pamphlet to be a good one, so that no one could extract from it phrases unpleasant
for you (sometimes a single phrase is enough to act as a spoonful of tar.. .) or could
misinterpret you. I am sure that here too you wrote "against your will", and I am
sending you this letter only because I think that letters better than conversations will
prompt you to examine the plan more thoroughly, for after all the plan is a very
important thing.

Do you happen to know a French woman socialist? Translate for her (as if from p
English) my points 1-10 and your remarks about "fleeting...", etc., watch her reaction
and listen carefully to what she says: a little experiment to see what other people
will say, what their impressions are and what they expect from the pamphlet.

I shake hands and wish you fewer headaches and a speedy recovery. p

V. U. p

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.a.Letter.to.Inessa.Armand[2012-12-17 23:11:54]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.a.Letter.to.Inessa.Armand

Written in Berne, January 24, 1915

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

[ 52•* ]   Ellen Key—Swedish bourgeois author who wrote on questions of the


women’s movement and the education of children.

< >
 

<< Letter to Inessa Armand From the Article "Who Are You >>
Laughing At?
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-
From.a.Letter.to.Inessa.Armand
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
leninistbiz
252 e-books currently
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:11:51
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.a.Letter.to.Inessa.Armand[2012-12-17 23:11:54]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.Who.Are.You.Laughing.At

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 53


<•> "Who Are You Laughing At?
 

TOC Laughing At Yourselves!” p


Card
.. . Sincerity in politics, that is, in the field of human relations which deals not with
individuals but millions, is a correspondence ot words to deeds that can be quite
Text
easily verified.
HTML
PS
***
PDF
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
T*
Notes
19*

### < >


 

<< From a Letter to Inessa Armand From the Article "Political >>
Blackmail"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-
From.Who.Are.You.Laughing.At
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
leninistbiz
252 e-books currently
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:11:58
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Who.Are.You.Laughing.At[2012-12-17 23:12:01]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.Who.Are.You.Laughing.At

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Who.Are.You.Laughing.At[2012-12-17 23:12:01]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.Political.Blackmail

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 53


<•> "Political Blackmail"
 

TOC ... Let us be firm in branding the blackmailers. Let us be inflexible in the analysis
Card of the smallest doubts by the court of the politically-conscious workers, the court of
our Party; we trust it, we see in it the intellect, honour and conscience of our
Text
epoch....
HTML
PS
***
PDF  
TEXT SIZE
normal

T*
Notes
19*
< >
###  

<< From the Article "Who Are You From the Article "On Compromises" >>
Laughing At?
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Political.Blackmail  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:12:05 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Political.Blackmail[2012-12-17 23:12:09]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.Political.Blackmail

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Political.Blackmail[2012-12-17 23:12:09]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.On.Compromises

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 53


<•> "On Compromises"
 

TOC ... The task of a genuinely revolutionary party is not to proclaim as impossible
Card rejection of all compromises but, to be able to carry through all compromises-insofar
as they are inevitable-its loyalty to principles, to its class, to its revolutionary task,
Text
to its work of preparing for the revolution and educating the mass of the people for
HTML victory in the revolution. ...
PS
PDF ***
 
T* TEXT SIZE
normal

19* Notes

### < >


 

<< From the Article "Political From the Concluding Speech at the >>
Blackmail" Meeting of the All-Russian Central
Executive Committee
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.On.Compromises  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:12:13 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.On.Compromises[2012-12-17 23:12:17]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.On.Compromises

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.On.Compromises[2012-12-17 23:12:17]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.the.Concluding.Speech

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Concluding Speech 54


<•> at the Meeting of the All-Russian
Central Executive Committee
TOC  

Card November 10 (23), 1911 p

Text , .. Comrade Chudnovsky said here that he "allowed himself" to subject the actions
HTML of the Commissars to sharp criticism. There can be no question here of whether it is
PS permissible or impermissible to allow oneself to criticise sharply; it is the duty of a
PDF revolutionary to make such criticism, and the People’s Commissars do not consider
themselves infallible. ...
T*
19* ***
 
### normal
TEXT SIZE
Notes

< >
 

<< From the Article "On Compromises" From the Article "How to Organise >>
Competition"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.the.Concluding.Speech  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:12:21 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.the.Concluding.Speech[2012-12-17 23:12:35]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.the.Concluding.Speech

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.the.Concluding.Speech[2012-12-17 23:12:35]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.How.to.Organise.Competition

MAP

<<< COMMUNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 54


<•> "How to Organise Competition"
 

TOC . .. Workers and peasants, toilers and exploited! The land, the banks, the factories p
Card and works have now become the possession of the whole of the people! You
yourselves must set to work to take account of and control the production and the
Text
distribution of products-this, and this alone is the road to the victory of socialism,
HTML the only guarantee of its victory, the guarantee of victory over all exploitation, over
PS all poverty and want! For there is enough bread, iron, timber, wool, cotton and flax
PDF in Russia to satisfy the needs of all, provided only labour and its products are
properly distributed, provided only the businesslike, practical control over this
T* distribution by the whole of the people is established, provided only we can defeat
19* the enemies of the people: the rich and their hangers-on, and the rogues, the idlers
and the hooligans, not only in politics, but also in everyday economic life. 55
###
No mercy to these enemies of the people, the enemies of socialism, the enemies of p
the toilers! War to the bitter end on the rich and their hangers-on, the bourgeois
intellectuals; war on the rogues, the idlers and hooligans! Both, the former and the
latter, are of the same broodthe spawn of capitalism, the offspring of aristocratic and
bourgeois society; the society in which a handful of men robbed and insulted the
people; the society in which poverty and want forced thousands and thousands into
the path of hooliganism, corruption and roguery, and caused them to lose all
semblance of human beings; the society which inevitably cultivated in the toiler the
desire to escape exploitation even by means of deception, to manoeuvre out of it, to
escape, if only for a moment, from loathsome toil, to procure at least a crust of
bread by any possible means, at any cost, so as not to starve, so as to subdue the
pangs of hunger suffered by himself and by his near ones.

The rich and the rogues are two sides of the same medal, they are the two principal p
categories of parasites which capitalism fostered; they are the principal enemies of
socialism. These enemies must be placed under the special surveillance of the whole
people; they must be ruthlessly punished for the slightest violation of the laws and
regulations of socialist society. Any display of weakness, hesitation or sentimentality
in this respect would be an immense crime against socialism.

In order to render these parasites harmless to socialist society we must organise the p
accounting and control of the amount of labour performed, of production and
distribution, to be exercised by the whole of the people, by millions and millions of
workers and peasants voluntarily. energetically and with revolutionary enthusiasm. 56
And in order to organise this accounting and control, which is fully within the ability
of every honest, intelligent and efficient worker and peasant, we must rouse their
own organising talent, the talent which comes from their midst; we must rouse
among them-and organise on a national scale-competition in the sphere of
organisational successes; the workers and peasants must be brought to see clearly the
difference between the necessary advice of an educated man and the necessary
control by the “common” worker and peasant of the slovenliness that is so usual
among the “educated”.

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.How.to.Organise.Competition[2012-12-17 23:12:42]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.How.to.Organise.Competition

.. . The Paris Commune gave a great example of how to combine initiative,


independence, freedom of action and vigour from below with voluntary centralism
free from stereotyped forms. Our Soviets are following the same road. But they are
still “shy”, they have not yet got into their stride, have not yet "bitten into" their
new, great, creative task of building the socialist system. The Soviets must set to
work more boldly and display greater initiative. Every “commune”, every factory,
every village, every consumers’ society, every committee of supply, must compete
with its neighbours as a practical organiser of accounting and control of labour and
distribution of products. The programme of this accounting and control is simple,
clear and intelligible to all; it is: everyone to have bread; everyone to have strong
boots and decent clothing; everyone to have warm dwellings; everyone to work
conscientiously; not a single rogue (including those who shirk their work) should be
allowed to be at liberty, but kept in prison, or serve his sentence of compulsory
labour of the hardest kind; not a single rich man who violates the laws and
regulations of socialism should be allowed to escape the fate of the rogue, which
should, in justice, be the fate of the rich man. "He who does not work, neither shall 57
he eat"-this is the practical commandment of socialism. This is how things should
be organised practically. These are the practical successes our “communes” and our
worker- and peasant-organisers should be proud of. And this applies particularly to
the organisers among the intellectuals (particularly, because they are too much, far
too much in the habit of being proud of their general instructions and resolutions)... .

***
 
normal
TEXT SIZE
Notes

< >
 

<< From the Concluding Speech at the From the Article "The Immediate >>
Meeting of the All-Russian Central Tasks of the Soviet Government"
Executive Committee
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-
From.How.to.Organise.Competition
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
leninistbiz
252 e-books currently
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:12:39
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.How.to.Organise.Competition[2012-12-17 23:12:42]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.How.to.Organise.Competition

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.How.to.Organise.Competition[2012-12-17 23:12:42]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.The.Immediate.Tasks

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 57


<•> "The Immediate Tasks of the Soviet Government"
 

TOC Large-scale machine industry-which is precisely the material source, the productive p
Card source, the foundation of socialism-calls for absolute and strict unity of will, which
directs the joint labours of hundreds, thousands and tens of thousands of people. The
Text
technical, economic and historical necessity of this is obvious, and all those who
HTML have thought about socialism have always regarded it as one of the conditions of
PS socialism. But how can strict unity of will be ensured?-By thousands subordinating
PDF their will to the will of one.

T* Given ideal class consciousness and discipline on the part of those taking part in the p
19* common work, this subordination would rather remind one of the mild leadership of
a conductor of an orchestra. It may assume the sharp forms of a dictatorship if ideal
### discipline and class consciousness are lacking. But be that as it may, unquestioning
subordination to a single will is absolutely necessary for the success of processes
organised on the pattern of large-scale machine industry....

. . . We must consolidate what we ourselves have won, what we ourselves have 58


decreed, made law, discussed, planned-consolidate all this in stable forms of
everyday labour discipline. This is the most difficult, but the most grateful task,
because only its fulfilment will give us socialist conditions. We must learn to
combine the "public meeting" democracy of the toiling masses-turbulent, surging,
overflowing its banks like a spring flood-with iron discipline while at work, with
unquestioning obedience to the will of a single person, the Soviet leader, while at
work....

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< From the Article "How to Organise From the Article "A Little Picture to >>
Competition" Explain Big Questions"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.The.Immediate.Tasks[2012-12-17 23:12:48]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.The.Immediate.Tasks

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.The.Immediate.Tasks  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:12:45 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.The.Immediate.Tasks[2012-12-17 23:12:48]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.A.Little.Picture

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 58


<•> "A Little Picture to Explain Big Questions"
 

TOC . .. We can build communism only from the materials created by capitalism, from
Card the cultural apparatus which is a product of the bourgeois conditions and therefore
inevitably steeped-since the question is one of human material as part of the cultural
Text
apparatus-in bourgeois psychology. Here lies the difficulty in building communist
HTML society, but here also lies the guarantee that it can be built and built successfully.
PS Marxism differs from the old Utopian socialism in that the latter wanted to build a
PDF new society not from the mass representatives of human material which are produced
by bloody, filthy, plundering, petty-trading capitalism, but from especially virtuous
T* people reared in special greenhouses and conservatories. Everyone now finds this
19* ridiculous idea ludicrous and everyone has abandoned it, but not everyone wants or
is able to give thought to the opposite doctrine of Marxism, to think over how it is
### possible (and essential) to build communism from the mass of human material spoilt
by

ages and millennia of slavery, feudalism and capitalism, from small scattered 59
enterprises, and wars of all against all for a place in the market, for a higher price
for products, or for labour. ...

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< From the Article "The Immediate From the Article "Reply to an >>
Tasks of the Soviet Government" Enquiry from a Peasant"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.A.Little.Picture  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:12:50 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.A.Little.Picture[2012-12-17 23:12:52]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.A.Little.Picture

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.A.Little.Picture[2012-12-17 23:12:52]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.Reply.to.an.Enquiry

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 59


<•> "Reply to an Enquiry from a Peasant"
 

TOC . .. Against people who, contrary to the laws of Soviet Government, treat the p
Card peasantry unjustly, relentless struggle, their immediate dismissal and strictest
judgement of them are necessary. All the efforts of honest workers and peasants are
Text
being devoted to clearing Russia of such remnants of the landlord and capitalist way
HTML of life who permit themselves to behave like “bosses”, whereas by the laws of our
PS workers’ and peasants’ republic they are obliged to be elected representatives of the
PDF Soviets, setting an example of conscientiousness and strict observance of the law... .

T* ... It is necessary to work a great deal, work persistently, and to ensure strict, p
19* comradely discipline among workers and peasants, in order to eradicate the old,
capitalist freedom of trade, freedom to make profits, freedom to indulge in strife, and
### freedom to oppress which has drenched the whole world in blood.

But millions upon millions of workers and peasants have now undertaken this
difficult work. Every honest, conscientious peasant and worker has understood the
meaning of socialism and persistently fights for it—–

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< From the Article "A Little Picture From the Article "A Great >>
to Explain Big Questions" Beginning" • HEROISM OF THE
WORKERS IN THE REAR.
"COMMUNIST SUBBOTNIKS"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Reply.to.an.Enquiry  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:12:54 252 e-books currently online
 

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Reply.to.an.Enquiry[2012-12-17 23:12:56]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.Reply.to.an.Enquiry

@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Reply.to.an.Enquiry[2012-12-17 23:12:56]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.A.Great.Beginning

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITY @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 60


<•> "A Great Beginning"
HEROISM OF THE WORKERS IN THE REAR.
TOC
"COMMUNIST SUBBOTNIKS"
Card  

The press reports many instances of the heroism of the Red Army men. In the fight p
Text against the Kolchakites, Denikinites and other forces of the landlords and capitalists,
HTML the workers and peasants very often display miracles of bravery and endurance,
PS defending the gains of the socialist revolution. The overcoming of the guerrilla spirit,
PDF weariness and indiscipline is a slow and difficult process, but it is making headway
in spite of everything. The heroism of the toiling masses who are voluntarily making
T*
sacrifices for the cause of the victory of socialism-this is the foundation of the new,
19*
comradely discipline in the Red Army, the foundation on which it is regenerating,
### gaining strength and growing.

The heroism of the workers in the rear is no less worthy of attention. In this p
connection, the communist subbotniks  [ 60•*   organised by the workers on their own
initiative are of enormous significance. Evidently, this is only a beginning, but it is a
beginning of unusually great importance. It is the beginning of a revolution that is
more difficult, more material, more radical and more decisive than the overthrow of
the bourgeoisie, for it is a victory over their own conservatism, indiscipline, petty- 61
bourgeois egoism, a victory over the habits that accursed capitalism left as a heritage
to the worker and peasant. Only when this victory is consolidated will the new social
discipline, socialist discipline, be created; then and only then will a reversion to
capitalism become impossible, will communism become really invincible....

... The communist organisation of social labour, the first step towards which is p
socialism,,rests, and will do so more and more as time goes on, on the free and
conscious discipline of the toilers themselves who have thrown off the yoke both of
the landlords and capitalists. ...

... In order to achieve victory, in order to build and consolidate socialism, the p
proletariat must .fulfil a twofold or dual task: first, it must, by its supreme heroism
in the revolutionary struggle against capital, win over the entire mass of the toilers
and exploited; it must win them over, organise them and lead them in the struggle to
overthrow the bourgeoisie and utterly suppress its resistance. Second, it must lead the
whole mass of the toilers and exploited, as well as all the petty-bourgeois strata, into
the road of new economic construction, into the road to the creation of new social
ties, a new labour discipline, a new organisation of labour, which will combine the
last word in science and capitalist technology with the mass association of
classconscious workers creating large-scale socialist production.

The second task is more difficult than the first, for it cannot possibly be fulfilled by p
single acts of heroic fervour; it requires the most prolonged, most persistent and
most difficult mass heroism in prosaic, everyday work. . . .

The "communist subbotniks" are so important because they were initiated by p 62

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.A.Great.Beginning[2012-12-17 23:13:02]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.A.Great.Beginning

workers who were by no means placed in exceptionally good conditions, by workers


of various specialities, and some with no speciality at all, just unskilled labourers,
who are living under ordinary, i.e., exceedingly hard, conditions... .

... And yet these starving workers, surrounded by the malicious counter-revolutionary p
agitation of the bourgeoisie, the Menshevjks and the Socialist-
Revolutionaries,  [ 62•*   are organising "communist subbotniks", working overtime
without any pay, and achieving an enormous increase in productivity of labour in
spite of the fact that they are weary, - tormented, and exhausted from malnutrition.
Is this not supreme heroism? Is this not the beginning of a change of momentous
significance?

In the last analysis, productivity of labour is the most important, the principal thing p
for the victory of the new social system. ...

... If in starving Moscow, in the summer of 1919, the starving workers who had p
gone through four trying years of imperialist war and another year and a half of still
more trying civil war could start this great work, how will it develop later when we
triumph in the civil war and win peace?

Communism is the higher productivity of labour– compared with that existing under p
capitalism-of voluntary, class-conscious and united workers employing advanced
technique. Communist subbotniks are extraordinarily valuable as the actual beginning 63
of communism; and this is a very rare thing, because we are in a stage when "only
the first steps in the transition from capitalism to communism are being taken" (as
our Party programme quite rightly says).

Communism begins when the rank-and-file workers begin to display a self- p


sacrificing concern that is undaunted by arduous toil for increasing productivity of
labour, for husbanding every pood of grain, coal, iron and other products, which do
not accrue to the workers personally or to their “close” kith and kin, but to their
“distant” kith and kin, i.e., to society as a whole, to tens and hundreds of millions of
people united first in one socialist state, and then in a Union of Soviet Republics. .. .

... Fewer pompous phrases, more plain, everyday work, concern for the pood of p
grain and the pood of coal! More concern for supplying this pood of grain and pood
of coal needed by the hungry workers and ragged and barefooted peasants, not by
means of huckstering, not in a capitalist manner, but by means of the conscious,
voluntary, boundlessly heroic labour of plain working men like the unskilled
labourers and workers of the Moscow-Kazan Railway....

... Take the position of women. Not a single democratic party in the world, not p
even in the most advanced bourgeois republic, has done in tens of years a hundredth
part of what we did in the very first year we were in power. We literally did not
leave a single stone standing of the despicable laws which placed women in a
position of inequality, or which restricted divorce and surrounded it with disgusting 64
formalities, or which denied recognition to illegitimate children and enforced a search
for their fathers, etc.-laws, numerous survivals of which, to the shame of the
bourgeoisie and of capitalism be it said, are to be found in all civilised countries.
We have a thousand times the right to be proud of what we have done in this
sphere. But the more thoroughly we have cleared the ground of the lumber of the
old, bourgeois, laws and institutions, the clearer it is to us that we have only cleared
the ground to build on, but are not yet building.

Notwithstanding all the laws emancipating woman, she continues to be a domestic p

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.A.Great.Beginning[2012-12-17 23:13:02]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.A.Great.Beginning

slave, because petty housework crushes, strangles, stultifies and degrades her, chains
her to the kitchen and to the nursery, and wastes her labour on barbarously
unproductive, petty, nerve-racking, stultifying and crushing drudgery. The real
emancipation of women, real communism, will begin only where and when a mass
struggle begins (led by the proletariat wielding the power of the state) against this
petty domestic economy, or rather when its wholesale transformation into largescale
socialist economy begins.

Do we in practice pay sufficient attention to this question, which, theoretically, is


indisputable for every Communist? Of course not. Are we sufficiently solicitous
about the young shoots of communism which already exist in this sphere? Again we
must say emphatically. No! Public dining rooms, creches, kindergartens-here we have
examples of these shoots, here we have the simple, everyday means, involving
nothing pompous, grandiloquent or ceremonial, which can in actual fact emancipate
women, which can in actual fact lessen and abolish their inequality with men as
regards their role in social production and public life....

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

[ 60•* ]   Subbotniks-unpaid work which Soviet working people voluntarily performed


for their country on rest days or after working hours. The first subbotnik was held on
the initiative of the workers at the Sortirovochnaya Depot of the Moscow-Kazan
Railway on May 10, 1919, a Saturday. (The Russian for Saturday is subbota, hence
the name Subbotnik.) These subbotniks became widespread during the early years of
Soviet power and during the Great Patriotic War.

[ 62•* ]   The Socialist-Revolutionaries-a petty-bourgeois party in Russia, which was


organised in 1901-1902. They did not understand the real . meaning of the class
struggle and rejected the idea of the dictatorship of the proletariat. After the victory
of the socialist revolution in Russia they began to fight against Soviet power.

< >
 

<< From the Article "Reply to an From the Article "The Workers' State >>
Enquiry from a Peasant" and Party Week"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.A.Great.Beginning  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:12:59 252 e-books currently online

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.A.Great.Beginning[2012-12-17 23:13:02]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.A.Great.Beginning

 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.A.Great.Beginning[2012-12-17 23:13:02]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.The.Workers.State.and.Party.Week

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 65


<•> "The Workers’ State and Party Week"
 

TOC ... We do not need fictitious Party members even as a gift. Our Party, the Party of p
Card the revolutionary working class, is the only government party in the world which is
concerned not in increasing its membership but in improving its quality, and in
Text
purging itself of “self-seekers”. We have more than once carried out re-registration
HTML of Party members in order to get rid of these “self-seekers” and to leave in the Party
PS only politically enlightened elements who are sincerely devoted to communism. We
PDF have further taken advantage of the mobilisations for the front and of the subbotniks
to purge the Party of those who are only "out for" the benefits accruing to
T* membership of a government party and do not want to bear the burden of
19* selfsacrificing work in behalf of communism.

### And at this juncture, when intensified mobilisation for the front is in progress. Party p
Week is a good thing because it offers no temptation to the self-seekers. We extend
a broad invitation into the Party only to the rankand-file workers and to the poor
peasants, to the labouring peasants, but not to the peasant profiteers. We do not
promise and do not give these rank-and-file members any advantages from joining
the Party. On the contrary, just now harder and more dangerous work than usual falls
to the lot of Party membe’rs.

All the better. Only sincere supporters of communism, only persons who are p
conscientiously devoted to the workers’ state, only honest working people, only
genuine representatives of the masses that were oppressed under capitalism will join
the Party.

And it is only such members that we need in the Party___

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< From the Article "A Great From the Article "Results of the >>
Beginning" • HEROISM OF THE Party Week in Moscow, and Our
WORKERS IN THE REAR. Tasks"
"COMMUNIST SUBBOTNIKS"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific communism, prominent figure in the Communist
leaders of the international Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.The.Workers.State.and.Party.Week[2012-12-17 23:13:08]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.The.Workers.State.and.Party.Week

Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-
From.The.Workers.State.and.Party.Week
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
leninistbiz
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:13:06 252 e-books currently
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.The.Workers.State.and.Party.Week[2012-12-17 23:13:08]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.Results.of.the.Party.Week.in.Moscow

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 66


<•> "Results of the Party Week in Moscow,
and Our Tasks"
TOC  

Card . .. Vanguard sections of the proletariat, holding the reins of state power, have by p
their example shown the mass of the working people during two whole years (a
Text tremendous period for our exceptionally rapid rate of political development) a model
HTML of such devotion to the interests of the working people, of such energy. in the
PS struggle against enemies of the working people ( exploiters in general and
PDF “proprietors” and profiteers in particular), of such firmness in difficult moments, of
such selfless courage in rebuffing the brigands of world imperialism, that the power
T* of the sympathy of the workers and peasants for their vanguard has by itselt proved
19* capable of performing miracles.
### For this is a miracle: the workers who experienced the unprecedented torments of
famine, cold, ruin and devastation, not only retain their staunch morale, all their
loyalty to Soviet Government, all the energy of self ^ sacrifice and heroism, but are
also taking upon themselves, in spite of all their unpreparedness and inexperience,
the burden of steering the ship of state! And this at a time when the storm is
furiously raging. ...

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< From the Article "The Workers' From the Speech at the First All- >>
State and Party Week" Russian Inaugural Congress of
Mineworkers
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-
From.Results.of.the.Party.Week.in.Moscow
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ
leninistbiz ]

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Results.of.the.Party.Week.in.Moscow[2012-12-17 23:13:15]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.Results.of.the.Party.Week.in.Moscow

Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:13:12 252 e-books currently


online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.Results.of.the.Party.Week.in.Moscow[2012-12-17 23:13:15]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.the.Speech.at.the.First.All-Russian

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Speech at the First 66


<•> All-Russian Inaugural Congress of Mineworkers
 

TOC ... At every difficult moment during the war, the Party mobilised the Communists,
Card and it was they who were the first to perish in the front ranks; they perished in
thousands on the Yudenich and Kolchak fronts; the, finest people of the working 67

Text
class perished, those who sacrificed themselves realising that they would die but save
HTML generations, save thousands upon thousands of workers and peasants. They branded
PS with ignominy and hounded the self-seekers, those who during the war were
PDF concerned for their own skins, and mercilessly shot them. We are proud of this
dictatorship, of this iron power of the workers who declared: we overthrew the
T* capitalists and we shall lay down our lives at their slightest attempt to restore their
19* power again. No one starved as much in these two years as the workers of
Petrograd, Moscow and IvanovoVoznesensk. It has now been calculated that in these
### two years they received not more than 7 poods of bread a year, while the peasants
of the grain gubernias ate not less than 17 poods. The workers made great sacrifices,
suffered disease and the death rate among them increased, and they will prove that
the workers rose in revolt against the capitalists not out of feelings of revenge, but
out of their inflexible determination to create a new social order in which there
would be no landlords and capitalists. It was for this that the sacrifices were made;
only thanks to these unprecedented sacrifices which, moreover, were made
consciously, voluntarily and were consolidated by the discipline of the Red Army,
which did not resort to the old methods of discipline, only thanks to these greatest
sacrifices did the vanguard workers maintain their dictatorship and win for
themselves the right to the respect of the workers of the entire world. It should not
be forgotten by those who particularly slander the Bolsheviks that the dictatorship
meant the greatest sacrifices, the greatest starvation for the workers themselves, for
those who exercised it. The Ivanovo-Voznesensk, Petrograd and Moscow workers
suffered in those two years more than anyone else ever suffered in the struggle on
the Red fronts....

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< From the Article "Results of the From the Article "From the >>
Party Week in Moscow, and Our Destruction of the Age-Old Order to
Tasks" the Creation of the New"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.the.Speech.at.the.First.All-Russian[2012-12-17 23:13:22]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.the.Speech.at.the.First.All-Russian

Extraordinary Commission for


Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.the.Speech.at.the.First.All-
Russian
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
leninistbiz
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:13:19 252 e-books currently
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.the.Speech.at.the.First.All-Russian[2012-12-17 23:13:22]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.From.the.Destruction.of.the.Age-Old.Order

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 68


<•> "From the Destruction of the Age-Old
Order to the Creation of the New"
TOC  

Card ... Communist labour in the narrower and stricter sense of the word is unpaid labour
for the benefit of society, labour performed not as a compulsory duty, not in order to
Text have the right to a certain amount of products, not according to previously
HTML established and accepted quotas, but labour that is voluntary, labour without quotas,
PS labour performed without expecting remuneration, without any condition about
PDF remuneration, labour performed out of a habit of working for the common good, out
of a conscious attitude (that has become a habit) to the need to work for the
T* common good, labour as the requirement of the healthy organism....
19*
***
###  
normal
TEXT SIZE
Notes

< >
 

<< From the Speech at the First All- From the Article "From the First >>
Russian Inaugural Congress of Subbotnik on the Moscow-Kazan
Mineworkers Railway to the All-Russian May-Day
Subbotnik"
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-
From.From.the.Destruction.of.the.Age-Old.Order
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ
leninistbiz ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:13:25 252 e-books currently
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.From.the.Destruction.of.the.Age-Old.Order[2012-12-17 23:13:28]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.From.the.Destruction.of.the.Age-Old.Order

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.From.the.Destruction.of.the.Age-Old.Order[2012-12-17 23:13:28]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.From.the.First.Subbotnik

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Article 68


<•> "From the First Subbotnik
on the Moscow-Kazan Railway
TOC
to the All-Russian May-Day Subbotnik"
Card  

..-. We shall work so as to root out the cursed rule: "each for himself and the devil
Text take the hindmost", in order to eradicate the habit of regarding labour merely as a
HTML compulsory duty, and considering as rightful only that labour which is paid for at a
PS definite rate. We shall work in order to introduce in the minds, habits and daily life
PDF of the masses the rule: "all for one and one for all", the rule: "from each according
to his ability, to each according to his needs", in order gradually but inflexibly to
T*
introduce communist discipline and communist labour....
19*
***
###
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< From the Article "From the V. I. Lenin on Communist Morality >>
Destruction of the Age-Old Order to (FROM CLARA ZETKIN'S
the Creation of the New" REMINISCENCES)
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-
From.From.the.First.Subbotnik
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
leninistbiz
252 e-books currently
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:13:32
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.From.the.First.Subbotnik[2012-12-17 23:13:35]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.From.the.First.Subbotnik

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.From.the.First.Subbotnik[2012-12-17 23:13:35]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Zetkin-V.I.Lenin.on.Communist.Morality

MAP

<<< COmmUNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> V. I. Lenin on Communist Morality 69


<•> (FROM CLARA ZETKIN’S REMINISCENCES)
 

TOC ... Lenin resumed the thread of his thoughts. p


Card
“Yes, yes; I know that," he said, "I too am badly suspected of philistinism on that p
account.  [ 69•*   But I don’t get excited over that. Yellow-beaked fledglings who
Text
have just about been hatched from their bourgeois-tained eggs are all so terribly
HTML
PS
clever. We have to reconcile ourselves to this without mending our ways. The youth
PDF movement is also sick from the modern treatment of the sex problem and the
excessive interest in it.”
T*
19* Lenin emphasised the word “modern” with an ironical, deprecating gesture. p

### .. ."In the atmosphere created by the aftermath of war and incipient revolution old p
ideological values tumble, losing their power of restraint. New values crystallise
slowly, by struggle. Views on relations between man and man, and relations between
man and woman, are becoming revolutionised; feelings and thoughts are also
becoming revolutionised. New delimitations are being set up between the rights of
the individual and the rights of the collective body, and hence also the duties of the
individual. This is the slow and often very painful process of passing away and
coming into being. All this applies also to the .field of sex relations, marriage,
family. The decay, putrescence, filth of bourgeois marriage with its difficult
dissolution, its liberty for the husband and bondage for the wife, and its detestably 70
false sex morality and relations fill the best representatives of humanity with the
utmost loathing....

. . ."In the sphere of marriage and sexual relations a revolution is approaching in p


keeping with the proletarian revolution. Naturally the exceedingly tangled
interlacement of questions thus brought to the fore deeply engrosses both women and
the youth. Both the former and the latter suffer greatly from the messy state of sex
relations. The youth is up in arms against this with the impetuosity characteristic of
it. That is understandable. Nothing would be more false than to begin to preach to
the youth monastic asceticism and the sanctity of filthy bourgeois morals. However
one would hardly say it was a good, thing that in these years sex problems, violently
pushed into the limelight by natural causes, were becoming the central feature of
youth psychology. The consequences are sometimes nothing short of fatal. Just ask
Comrade Lilina about it. She should have some experience from her extensive work
in different educational institutions, and you know that she is a real Communist and
has no prejudices.

“Youth’s changed attitude to questions of sexual life is of course based, ’as a matter p
of principle’, on theory. Many call their position ‘revolutionary’ and ‘communist’.
They sincerely believe that this is so. I, an old man, am not impressed by this.
Although I am anything but a morose ascetic, yet quite frequently this so-called
’new sex life’ of the youth-and often enough of grown-ups tooseems to me purely
bourgeois, seems to me to be just a variety of the good old bourgeois brothel. All
this has not the faintest resemblance to free love, as we Communists understand it.

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Zetkin-V.I.Lenin.on.Communist.Morality[2012-12-17 23:13:41]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Zetkin-V.I.Lenin.on.Communist.Morality

You of course have heard about the famous theory that in communist society
satisfying one’s sexual desire and craving for love is as simple and trivial as
drinking a glass of water. Our youth has gone mad, absolutely mad, over this ‘glass- 71
of-water’ theory. It has proved fatal to many a boy and girl. Its devotees assert that
it is a Marxist theory. Thanks for such ‘Marxism’, which deduces all phenomena and
all changes in the ideological superstructure of society directly, straight and
unfailingly from this one and only source-the economic basis. This is not at all such
a simple matter. A certain Frederick Engels long ago established this truth, which
concerns historical materialism.

“I do not consider the famous ‘glass-of-water’ theory as Marxist at all and besides p
think it is anti-social. What manifests itself in sex life is not only the contribution
made by nature but also an admixture derived from culture, be it on a high level or
low. Engels pointed out in his Origin of the Family how significant it was that
simple sexual inclination developed into individual sex love and became refined.
Relations between the sexes are not simply a game between social economics and a
physical want. To strive to reduce changes in these relations, taken in isolation from
their general connection with the whole of ideology, directly to the economic basis
of society would not be Marxism but rationalism. Of course thirst must be quenched.
But will a normal person under normal conditions lie down in the gutter and drink
from a puddle? Or even from a glass the edge of which has been touched by dozens
of lips? But the social aspect is the most important. Drinking water is really an
individual matter. But in love-making two take part and a third, a new life, comes
into being. Herein lies a social interest; a duty to the collective body arises.

“As a Communist I do not like the ‘glass-of-water’ theory in the least despite its p
beautiful label: ’emancipated love.’ Moreover, it is neither new nor communistic.
Perhaps you will recall that this theory was disseminated in fine literature about the 72
middle of the past century as the ’emancipation of the heart’. In bourgeois practice it
was turned into the emancipation of the body. It was preached with much more talent
than now. How things are with the practice of it I am unable to judge.

“Not that I want my criticism to breed asceticism. That never occurred to me. p
Communism ought to bring with it not asceticism but joy of life and good cheer
called forth, among other things, by a life replete with love. However, in my opinion
the plethora of sex life observable today brings neither joy of life nor cheerfulness,
but on the contrary diminishes them. In revolutionary times this is bad, very bad,
indeed.

“The. youth is particularly in need of joy of life and cheerfulness. Healthy sports: p
gymnastics, swimming, excursions, physical exercise of every description; also a
diversity of intellectual pursuits: teaching, criticism, research; and all of this in
combination, as far as possible. That will mean more to the youth than eternal
lectures and discussions on sex problems and so-called ’utilisation of life’. Metis
sana in corpoie sano. Neither monk nor Don Juan nor yet a German philistine to act
the part of a mean. After all, you know young Comrade XYZ. A handsome, highly
gifted youth. Yet I am afraid that in spite of all he will never amount to anything.
He has one love affair after another. No good will come of this, neither for the
political struggle nor for the revolution. Nor will I vouch for the reliability or
staunchness in the struggle of women whose personal romance is intertwined with
politics, or for men who run after every petticoat, and allow themselves to be mixed
up with every slip of a girl. No, no; that does not go well together with revolution.”

Lenin jumped up, striking the table with his hand, and walked a few steps up and p

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Zetkin-V.I.Lenin.on.Communist.Morality[2012-12-17 23:13:41]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Zetkin-V.I.Lenin.on.Communist.Morality

down the room.

“The revolution demands ot the masses and the individual concentration, the p 73
straining of every nerve. It does not tolerate orgiastic states like those habitual with
the decadent heroes and heroines of d’Annunzio.  [ 73•*   Laxity in sexual matters is
bourgeois; it is a sign of degeneration. The proletariat is an ascending class. It
requires no intoxicant to stun or excite it. It has no need of intoxication either by
sexual looseness or by means of alcohol. It does not dare and does not want to
forget the vileness, filth, and barbarity of capitalism. It derives its strongest
stimulants to struggle from the position of its class, from the communist ideal. What
it needs is clarity, clarity, and once more-clarity. Therefore, I repeat: there must be
no weakness, no waste or destruction of energy. Self-possession, self-discipline are
not slavery; they are necessary also in love....

“... Very few husbands, even in proletarian circles, think of how greatly they could
lighten the burdens and worries of their wives or relieve them entirely if they would
lend a hand in this ’women’s work’. But no, that would be against the ’rights and
dignity of the husband’. He demands that he have rest and comfort. The domestic
life of woman is a daily sacrifice of self in thousands of insignificant trifles. The
ancient rights of her husband, her lord and master, continue to assert themselves in
concealed form. His slave objectively takes revenge of him, also in concealed form:
woman’s backwardness, her lack of understanding of her husband’s revolutionary
ideals is a drag on his good spirits and determination to fight. They are the tiny
worms which imperceptibly, slowly but surely gnaw and undermine....”

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

[ 69•* ]   On account of Lenin’s sharp criticism of those Social-Democrats who, during


the hardest years of revolutionary struggle put in the forefront problems of love and
marriage.

[ 73•* ]   Gabriele d’Annunzio (1863-1938)-a decadent Italian writer and ideologist of


fascism.

< >
 

<< From the Article "From the First The Tasks of the Youth Leagues • >>
Subbotnik on the Moscow-Kazan FROM THE SPEECH DELIVERED
Railway to the All-Russian May- AT THE THIRD ALL-RUSSIAN
Day Subbotnik" CONGRESS OF THE RUSSIAN
YOUNG COMMUNIST LEAGUE,
OCTOBER 2, 1920
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Zetkin-V.I.Lenin.on.Communist.Morality[2012-12-17 23:13:41]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Zetkin-V.I.Lenin.on.Communist.Morality

fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Zetkin-
V.I.Lenin.on.Communist.Morality
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
leninistbiz
252 e-books currently
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:13:38
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Zetkin-V.I.Lenin.on.Communist.Morality[2012-12-17 23:13:41]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-The.Tasks.of.the.Youth.Leagues

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> The Tasks of the Youth Leagues 74


<•> FROM THE SPEECH DELIVERED
AT THE THIRD ALL-RUSSIAN CONGRESS
TOC
OF THE RUSSIAN YOUNG COMMUNIST LEAGUE,
Card
OCTOBER 2, 1920
 

Text
... You can become a Communist only when you enrich your mind with the p
HTML
knowledge of all the treasures created by mankind....
PS
PDF
... If a Communist took it into his head to boast about his communism because of p
the ready-made conclusions he had acquired, without putting in a great deal of
T*
19*
serious and hard work, without understanding the facts which he must examine
critically, he would be a very deplorable Communist. Such superficiality would be
### decidedly fatal. If I know that I know little, I shall strive to learn more; but if a
man says that he is a Communist and that he need know nothing thoroughly, he will
never be anything like a Communist....

.. . But is there such a thing as communist ethics? Is there such a thing as p


communist morality? Of course, there is. It is often made to appear that we have no
ethics of our own; and very often the bourgeoisie accuse us Communists of
repudiating all ethics. This is a method of shuffling concepts, of throwing dust in the
eyes of the workers and peasants.

In what sense do we repudiate ethics and morality? p

In the sense in which it is preached by the bourgeoisie, who derived ethics from p
’God’s commandments. We, of course, say that we do not believe in God, and that
we know perfectly well that the clergy, the landlords and the bourgeoisie spoke in
the name of God in pursuit of their own interests as exploiters. Or instead of
deriving ethics from the commandments of morality, from the commandments of 75
God, they derived them from idealist or semiidealist phrases, which always amounted
to something very similar to God’s commandments.

We repudiate all morality taken apart from human society and classes. We say that p
it is a deception, a fraud, a befogging of the minds of the workers and peasants in
the interests of the landlords and capitalists.

We say that our morality is entirely subordinated to the interests of the class p
struggle of the proletariat. Our morality is derived from the interests of the class
struggle of the proletariat.. ..

... The class struggle is continuing and it is our task to subordinate all interests to p
this struggle. And we subordinate our communist morality to this task. We say:
morality is what serves to destroy the old exploiting society and to unite all the
toilers around the proletariat, which is building up a new, communist society.

Communist morality is the morality which serves this struggle, which unites the p

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-The.Tasks.of.the.Youth.Leagues[2012-12-17 23:13:48]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-The.Tasks.of.the.Youth.Leagues

toilers against all exploitation, against all small property; for small property puts into
the hands of one person what has been created by the labour of the whole of
society. In our country the land is common property.

But suppose I take a piece of this common property and grow on it twice as much p
grain as I need and profiteer in the surplus? Suppose I argue that the more starving
people there are, the most they will pay? Would I then be behaving like a
Communist? No, I would be behaving like an exploiter, like a proprietor. This must
be combated. If this is allowed to go on things will slide back to the rule of the
capitalists, to the rule of the bourgeoisie, as has more than once happened in
previous revolutions. And in order to prevent the restoration of the rule of the 76
capitalists and the bourgeoisie we must not allow profiteering, we must not allow
individuals to enrich themselves at the expense of the rest, and the toilers must unite
with the proletariat and form a communist society....

... When people talk to us about morality, we say: for the Communist, morality lies p
entirely in this solid, united discipline and conscious mass struggle against the
exploiters. We do not believe in an eternal morality, and we expose the deceit of all
the fables about morality. Morality serves the purpose of helping human society to
rise to a higher level and to get rid of the exploitation of labour....

...The training of the communist youth must consist not in giving them sentimental p
speeches and moral precepts. This is not what training consists in. When people saw
how their fathers and mothers lived under the yoke of the landlords and capitalists,
when they themselves experienced the sufferings that befell those who started the
struggle against the exploiters, when they saw what sacrifices the continuation of this
struggle entailed in order to defend what had been won, and when they saw what
frenzied foes the landlords and capitalists are-they were trained in this environment
to become Communists. The basis of communist morality is the struggle for the
consolidation and completion of communism. That too is the basis of communist
training, education, and teaching. That is the reply to the question how communism
should be learnt....

... But our school must impart to the youth the fundamentals of knowledge, the p
ability to work out communist views independently; it must make educated people of
them. In the time during which people attend school, it must train them to be 77
participants in the struggle for emancipation from the exploiters. The Young
Communist League will justify its name as the league of the young communist
generation only when it links up every step of its teaching, training and education
with participation in the general struggle of all the toilers against the exploiters...

... Thus, to be a Communist means that you must organise and unite the whole p
rising generation and set an example of training and discipline in this struggle. Then
you will be able to start building the edifice of communist society and bring it to
completion....

... The generation which is now about fifty years old cannot expect to see the
communist society. This generation will die out before then. But the generation
which is now fifteen years old will see the communist society, and will itself build
this society. And it must know that the whole purpose of its life is to build this
society. In the old society work was carried on by separate families, and nobody
united their labour except the landlords and capitalists, who oppressed the masses of
the people. We must organise all labour, no matter how dirty and arduous it may be,
in such a way that every worker and peasant may say: I am part of the great army

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-The.Tasks.of.the.Youth.Leagues[2012-12-17 23:13:48]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-The.Tasks.of.the.Youth.Leagues

of free labour, and I can build my life without the landlords and capitalists, I can
establish the communist system. The Young Communist League must train everybody
to conscious and disciplined labour from an early age. In this way we shall be sure
that the problems that are now confronting us will be solved. We must assume that
no less than ten years will be required for the electrification of the country, so that 78
our impoverished land may be served by the latest achievements of technology. And
so, the generation which is now fifteen years old, and which in ten or twenty years’
time will be living in communist society, must approach all their tasks in education
in such a way that every day, in every village and in every town, the young people
shall engage in the practical solution of some problem of common labour, even
though the smallest, even though the simplest. To the extent that this is done in
every village, to the extent that communist emulation develops, to the extent that the
youth prove that they can unite their labour, to that extent will the success of
communist construction be ensured....

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< V. I. Lenin on Communist Morality From the Report ``The New >>
(FROM CLARA ZETKIN'S Economic Policy and the Tasks of
REMINISCENCES) Political Education" Delivered at the
Second All-Russian Congress of
Political Education Workers
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific communism, prominent figure in the Communist
leaders of the international Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-
The.Tasks.of.the.Youth.Leagues
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
leninistbiz
252 e-books currently
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:13:45
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-The.Tasks.of.the.Youth.Leagues[2012-12-17 23:13:48]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-The.Tasks.of.the.Youth.Leagues

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-The.Tasks.of.the.Youth.Leagues[2012-12-17 23:13:48]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.the.Report.The.New.Economic.Policy

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITy @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> From the Report 78


<•> “The New Economic Policy
and the Tasks of Political Education"
TOC
Delivered at the Second All-Russian Congress
Card
of Political Education Workers
 

Text
HTML ... THE THREE MAIN ENEMIES
PS
PDF October 17,1921 p

T* In my view, there are three main enemies which now face man irrespective of his
19* departmental role, tasks which confront the political education worker if he is a
Communist, and most of them are. The three main enemies facing him are the
### following: the first-communist conceit; the second-illiteracy, and the third-bribery....

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< >
 

<< The Tasks of the Youth Leagues • PROBLEMS OF MORALITY AND >>
FROM THE SPEECH DELIVERED EDUCATION IN THE
AT THE THIRD ALL-RUSSIAN PROGRAMME OF THE C.P.S.U.
CONGRESS OF THE RUSSIAN
YOUNG COMMUNIST LEAGUE,
OCTOBER 2, 1920
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-
From.the.Report.The.New.Economic.Policy
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ
leninistbiz ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:13:59 252 e-books currently
online

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.the.Report.The.New.Economic.Policy[2012-12-17 23:14:03]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-From.the.Report.The.New.Economic.Policy

 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-From.the.Report.The.New.Economic.Policy[2012-12-17 23:14:03]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-V.The.Tasks.of.the.Party.in.the.Spheres

MAP

<<< COMMUNIST MORalITY @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> PROBLEMS OF MORALITY 79


<•> AND EDUCATION IN THE PROGRAMME
OF THE C.P.S.U.
TOC  

V. The Tasks of the Party


Card in the Spheres of Ideology, Education,
Instruction, Science, and Culture
 

Text
HTML Soviet society has made great progress in the’ socialist education of the masses, in p
PS the moulding of active builders of socialism. But even after the socialist system has
PDF
triumphed there persist in the minds and behaviour of people survivals of capitalism,
which hamper the progress of society.
T*
19*
In the struggle for the victory of communism, ideological work becomes an p

### increasingly powerful factor. The higher the social consciousness of the members of
society, the more fully and broadly their creative activities come into play in the
building of the material and technical basis of communism, in the development of
communist forms of labour and new relations between people, and, consequently, the
more rapidly and successfully the building of communism proceeds.

The Party considers that the paramount task in the ideological field in the present p 80
period is to educate all working people in a spirit of ideological integrity and
devotion to communism, and cultivate in them a communist attitude to labour and
the social economy; to eliminate completely the survivals of .bourgeois views and
morals; to ensure the all-round, harmonious development of the individual; to create
a truly rich spiritual culture. Special importance is attached by the Party to the
moulding of the rising generation.

The moulding of the new man is effected through his own active participation in p
communist construction and the development of communist principles in the
economic and social spheres, under the influence of the educational work carried out
by the Party, the state, and various social organisations, work in which the press,
radio, cinema and television play an important part. As communist forms of social
organisation are created, communist ideas will become more firmly rooted in life and
work and in human relations, and people will develop the ability to enjoy the
benefits of communism in a rational way. Joint planned labour by the members of
society, their daily participation in the management of state and public affairs, and
the development of communist relations of comradely co-operation and mutual
support, recast the minds of people in a spirit of collectivism, industry, and
humanism.

Increased communist consciousness of the people furthers the ideological and p


political unity of the workers, collective farmers, and intellectuals and promotes their
gradual fusion in the single collective of the working people of communist society.

The Party sets the following tasks:


81
1. In the Field of Development of Communist Consciousness

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-V.The.Tasks.of.the.Party.in.the.Spheres[2012-12-17 23:14:09]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-V.The.Tasks.of.the.Party.in.the.Spheres

(a) The Shaping ot a Scientific World Outlook. Under socialism and at a time when p
a communist society is being built, when spontaneous economic development has
given way to the conscious organisation of production and social life as a whole,
and when theory is daily translated into practice, it is of prime importance that a
scientific world outlook be shaped in all working people of Soviet society on the
basis of Marxism^Leninism, an integral and harmonious system of philosophical,
economic and sociopolitical views. The Party calls for the education of the
population as a whole in the spirit of scientific communism and strives to ensure that
all working people fully understand the course and perspectives of world
development, that they take a correct view of international and domestic events and
consciously build their life on communist lines. Communist ideas and communist
deeds should blend organically in the behaviour of every person and in the activities
of all collectives and organisations.

The theoretical elaboration and timely practical solution of new problems raised by p
life are essential to the successful advance of society to communism. Theory must
continue to illumine the road of practice, and help detect and eliminate obstacles and
difficulties hindering sucessful communist construction. The Party regards it as one
of its most important duties to further elaborate MarxistLeninist theory by studying
and generalising new phenomena in the life of Soviet society and the experience of
the world revolutionary working-class and liberation movements, and creatively to
combine the theory and the practice of communist construction.

(b) Labour Education. The Party sees the development of a communist attitude to p
labour in all members of society as its chief educational task. Labour for the benefit 82
of society is the sacred duty of all. Any labour for society, whether physical or
mental, is honourable and commands respect. Exemplary labour and management in
the social economy should serve to educate all working people.

Everything required for life and human progress is created by labour. Hence every p
able-bodied man must take part in creating the means which are indispensable for his
life and work and for the welfare of society. Anyone who received any benefits from
society without doing his share of work, would be a parasite living at the expense of
others.

It is. impossible for a man in communist society not to work, for neither his social p
consciousness, nor public opinion would permit it. Work according to one’s ability
will become a habit, a prime necessity of life, for every member of society.

(c) The At&rmation oi Communist Morality. In the course of transition to p


communism, the moral principles of society become increasingly important; the
sphere of action of the moral factor expands and the importance of the administrative
control of human relations diminishes accordingly. The Party will encourage all
forms of conscious civic self-discipline leading to the assertion and promotion of the
basic rules of the communist way of life.

The Communists reject the class morality of the exploiters; in contrast to the p
perverse, selfish views and morals of the old world, they promote communist
morality, which is the noblest and most just morality, for it expresses the interests
and ideals of the whole of working mankind. Communism makes the elementary
standards of morality and justice, which were distorted or shamelessly flouted under
the rule of the exploiters, inviolable rules for relations both between individuals and
between peopies. Communist morality encompasses the fundamental norms of human 83

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-V.The.Tasks.of.the.Party.in.the.Spheres[2012-12-17 23:14:09]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-V.The.Tasks.of.the.Party.in.the.Spheres

morality which the masses of the people evolved in the course of millenniums as
they fought against vice and social oppression. The revolutionary morality of the
working class is of particular importance to the moral advancement of society. As
socialist and communist construction progresses, communist morality is enriched with
new principles, a new content.

The Party holds that the moral code oi the builder oi communism should comprise p
the following principles:

devotion to the communist cause; love of the socialist motherland and of the other p
socialist countries;

conscientious labour for the good of society—he who does not work, neither shall p
he eat;

concern on the part of everyone for the preservation and growth of public wealth; p

a high sense of public duty; intolerance of actions harmful to the public interest; p

collectivism and comradely mutual assistance: one for all and all for one; p

humane relations and mutual respect between individuals-man is to man a friend, p


comrade and brother;

honesty and truthfulness, moral purity, modesty, and unpretentiousness in social and p
private life;

mutual respect in the family, and concern for the upbringing of children,- p

an uncompromising attitude to injustice, parasitism, dishonesty, careerism and p


money-grubbing;

friendship and brotherhood among all peoples of the U.S.S.R.; intolerance of p


national and racial hatred;

an uncompromising attitude to the enemies of communism, peace and the freedom p


of nations,-

fraternal solidarity with the working people of all countries, and with all peoples. p

(d) The Promotion oi Proletarian Internationalism and Socialist Patriotism. The p 84


Party will untiringly educate Soviet people in the spirit of proletarian internationalism
and will vigorously promote the international solidarity of the working people. In
fostering the Soviet people’s love of their country, the Party maintains that with the
emergence of the world socialist system the patriotism of the members of socialist
society is expressed in devotion and loyalty to their own country and to the entire
community of socialist countries. Socialist patriotism and socialist internationalism
necessarily imply proletarian solidarity with the working class and all working people
of all "countries. The Party will continue perseveringly to combat the reactionary
ideology of bourgeois nationalism, racism, and cosmopolitanism.

(e) All-Round and Harmonious Development oi the Individual. In the period of p


transition to communism, there are greater opportunities of educating a new man,
who will harmoniously combine spiritual wealth, moral purity and a periect physique.

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-V.The.Tasks.of.the.Party.in.the.Spheres[2012-12-17 23:14:09]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-V.The.Tasks.of.the.Party.in.the.Spheres

All-round development of the individual has been made possible by historic social
gains—freedom from exploitation, unemployment and poverty, from discrimination on
account of sex, origin, nationality or race. Every member of society is provided with
equal opportunities for education and creative labour. Relations of dependence and
inequality between people in public affairs and in family life disappear. The personal
dignity of each citizen is protected by society. Each is guaranteed an equal and free
choice of occupation and profession with due regard to the interests of society. As
less and less time is spent on material production, the individual is afforded ever
greater opportunities to develop his abilities, gifts, and talents in the fields of
production, science, engineering, literature, and the arts. People will increasingly 85
devote their leisure to public pursuits, cultural intercourse, intellectual and physical
development, scientific, technical and artistic endeavour. Physical training and sports
will become part and parcel of the everyday life of people.

(f) Elimination of the Survivals oi Capitalism in the Minds and Behaviour oi People. p
The Party considers it an integral part of its communist education work to combat
manifestations of bourgeois ideology and morality, and the remnants of private-owner
psychology, superstitions, and prejudices.

The general public, public opinion, and extensive criticism and self-criticism must p
play a big role in combating survivals of the past and manifestations of individualism
and selfishness. Comradely censure of anti-social behaviour will gradually become
the principal means of doing away with manifestations of bourgeois views, customs
and habits. The power of example in public affairs and in private life, in the
performance of one’s public duty, acquires tremendous educational significance.

The Party uses ideological media to educate people in the spirit of a scientific p
materialist world conception to overcome religious prejudices without insulting the
sentiments of believers. It is necessary to conduct regularly broad atheistic
propaganda on a scientific basis, to explain patiently the untenability of religious
beliefs, which were engendered in the past when people were overawed by the
elemental forces and social oppression and did not know the real causes of natural
and social phenomena. This can be done by making use of the achievements of
modern science, which is steadily solving the mysteries of the universe and
extending man’s power over nature leaving no room for religious inventions about
supernatural forces.

(g) The Exposure of Bourgeois Ideology. The peaceful coexistence of states with p 86
different social systems does not imply any easing of the ideological struggle. The
Communist Party will go on exposing the anti-popular, reactionary nature of
capitalism and all attempts to paint bright pictures of the capitalist system.

The Party will steadfastly popularise the great advantages of socialism and p
communism over the declining capitalist system.

The Party advances the scientific ideology of communism in contrast to reactionary


bourgeois ideology. Communist ideology, which expresses the fundamental interests
of the working class and all working people, teaches them to struggle, to live and
work for the happiness of all. It is the most humane ideology. Its ideals are to
establish truly human relations between individuals and peoples, to deliver mankind
from the threat of wars of extermination, and bring about universal peace and a free,
happy life for all men on earth.

2. In the Field of Public Education

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-V.The.Tasks.of.the.Party.in.the.Spheres[2012-12-17 23:14:09]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-V.The.Tasks.of.the.Party.in.the.Spheres

The transition to communism implies training that will make people communist- p
minded and highly-cultured, people fit for both physical and mental labour, for active
work in various social, governmental, scientific, and cultural spheres.

The system of public education is so organised as to ensure that the instruction and
education of the rising’ generation are closely bound up with life and productive
labour, and that the adult population can combine work in the sphere of production
with further training and education in keeping with their vocations and the
requirements of society. Public education along these lines will

make for the moulding of harmoniously developed members of communist society 87


and for the solution of a cardinal social problem, namely, the elimination of
substantial distinctions between mental and physical labour.

The main tasks in the field of instruction and education are: p

(a) Introduction of Universal Compulsory Secondary Education. In the next decade p


compulsory secondary general and polytechnical eleven-year education is to be
introduced for all children of school age, and eight-year education for young people
engaged in the national economy who have not had the appropriate schooling; in the
subsequent decade every one will have the opportunity to receive a
complete’secondary education. Universal secondary education is guaranteed by the
development of general and polytechnical education, professional training combined
with socially useful labour of school children to the extent of their physical capacity,
and a considerable expansion of the network of all types of general schools,
including evening schools, which provide a secondary education in off-work hours.

Secondary education must furnish a solid knowledge of the fundamentals of the p


basic sciences, and understanding of the principles of the communist world outlook,
and a labour and polytechnical training in accordance with the rising level of science
and engineering, with due regard to the needs of society and to the abilities and
inclinations of the students, as well as the moral, aesthetic and physical education of
a healthy rising generation.

In view of the rapid progress of science and engineering, the system of industrial, p
professional and vocational training should be improved continuously, so that the
skills of those engaged in production may develop together with their better general
education in the social and natural sciences and with the acquisition of specialised 88
knowledge in engineering, agronomy, medicine, and other fields.

(b) The Public Upbringing of Children of Pre-School and School Age. The p
communist system of public education is based on the public upbringing of children.
The educational influence which the family exerts on children must be brought into
ever greater harmony with their public upbringing.

The growing number of pre-school institutions and boarding-schools of different p


types will fully meet the requirements of all working people who wish to give their
children of pre-school and school age a public upbringing. The importance of the
school, which is to cultivate love of labour and knowledge in children and to raise
the younger generation in the spirit of communist consciousness and morality, will
increase. An honourable and responsible role in this respect falls to teachers, and to
the Komsomol and Young Pioneer organisations.

(c) Creation of Conditions for High-Standard Instruction and Education of the p

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-V.The.Tasks.of.the.Party.in.the.Spheres[2012-12-17 23:14:09]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-V.The.Tasks.of.the.Party.in.the.Spheres

Rising Generation. The Party plans to carry out an extensive programme for the
construction of schools and cultural-education establishments to meet fully the needs
of education and instruction. All schools will be housed in good buildings and will
go over to a one-shift time-table. They will all have study workshops and chemical,
physical and other laboratories; rural schools will also have their own farming plots;
large factories will have production training shops for school children. Modern
facilities-cinema, radio, and television-will be widely used in schools.

For physical training and aesthetic education, all schools and extra-school p
establishments will have gymnasiums, sports grounds and facilities for the creative
endeavour of children in music, painting, sculpture, etc. The network of sports 89
schools, sports grounds, tourist camps, skiing centres, aquatic stations, swimming
pools, and other sports facilities will be expanded in town and countryside.

(d) Higher and Secondary Special Education. In step with scientific and technical p
progress, higher and secondary special education, which must train highly-skilled
specialists with a broad theoretical and political background, will be expanded.

Shorter working hours and a considerable improvement in the standard of living of


the entire population will provide everyone with an opportunity to receive a higher
or secondary special education if he so desires. The number of higher and secondary
specialised schools, evening and correspondence schools in particular, as well as
higher schools at factories, agricultural institutes (on large state farms), studios,
conservatoires, etc., must be increased in all areas of the country with the support of
factories and trade unions and other social organisations. The plan is to considerably
increase every year the number of students at higher and secondary specialised
schools; special education will be afforded to tens of millions of people.

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< ... 4. In the Field of Cultural >


Development, Literature and Art
 

<< From the Report ``The New >>


Economic Policy and the Tasks of
Political Education" Delivered at the
Second All-Russian Congress of
Political Education Workers
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-
 

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-V.The.Tasks.of.the.Party.in.the.Spheres[2012-12-17 23:14:09]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-V.The.Tasks.of.the.Party.in.the.Spheres

V.The.Tasks.of.the.Party.in.the.Spheres
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
leninistbiz
252 e-books currently
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:14:06
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-V.The.Tasks.of.the.Party.in.the.Spheres[2012-12-17 23:14:09]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-In.the.Field.of.Cultural.Development

MAP

<<< COMMUNIST MORalITY @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> ... 4. In the Field of Cultural Development, 89


<•> Literature and Art
 

TOC Cultural development during the full-scale construction of communist society will p
constitute the closing stage of a great cultural revolution. At this stage all the
Card
necessary ideological and cultural conditions will be created for the victory of
communism.
Text
HTML The growth of the productive forces, progress in engineering and in the organisation p
PS of production, increased social activity of the working people, development of the 90
PDF democratic principles of self-government, and a communist reorganisation of
everyday life depend in very large measure on the cultural advancement of the
T* population.
19*
Absorbing and developing all the best that has been created by world culture, p
### communist culture will be a new, higher stage in the cultural progress of mankind. It
will embody the versatility and richness of the spiritual life of society, and the lofty
ideals and humanism of the new world. It will be the culture of a classless society,
a culture of the entire people, of all mankind.

(a) All-Round Advancement of the Cultural Life of Society. In the period of p


transition to communism, creative effort in all fields of culture becomes particularly
fruitful and accessible to all members of society. Soviet literature, music, painting,
cinema and theatre, television and all the other arts, will attain higher standards in
their ideological make-up and artistry. People’s theatres, mass amateur art, technical
invention and other forms of creative endeavour by the people will become
widespread. The advancement of artistic and creative activities among the masses will
ensure the appearance of new gifted writers, artists, musicians and actors. The
development and enrichment of the arts are based on a combination of mass amateur
endeavour and professional art.

The Party will work unremittingly to ensure that literature, art, and culture flourish, p
that every individual is given full scope to apply his abilities, that the people are
educated aesthetically and develop a fine artistic taste and cultural habits. The artistic
element will ennoble labour still more, make living conditions more attractive, and
lift man up spiritually.

To provide the material basis for cultural development on a grand scale: p

 book publishing and the press will be vigorously developed, and the printing and p 91
paper industries will be .expanded accordingly:

 there will be more libraries, lecture halls and readingrooms, theatres, houses of p
culture, clubs, and cinemas;

the country-wide radio diffusion network will be completed; television stations p


covering all industrial and agricultural areas will be built;

people’s universities, people’s theatrical companies, and other amateur cultural p

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-In.the.Field.of.Cultural.Development[2012-12-17 23:14:16]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-In.the.Field.of.Cultural.Development

organisations will be widely developed;

a large network of scientific and technical laboratories and of art and cinema p
studios will be provided for the use of all who have the inclination and ability.

The Party considers it necessary to distribute cultural institutions evenly throughout p


the country in order gradually to bring the cultural standard of the countryside level
with that of the town and achieve rapid cultural progress in all the newly-developed
areas.

(b) Enhancement of the Educational Role of Literature and Art. Soviet literature and p
art, imbued with optimism and dynamic communist ideas, are great factors in
ideological education and cultivate in Soviet people the qualities of builders of a
new world. They must be a source of joy and inspiration to millions of people,
express their will, their sentiments and ideas, enrich them ideologically and educate
them morally.

The highroad of literature and art lies through the strengthening of their bond with p
the life of the people, through faithful and highly artistic depiction of the richness
and versatility of socialist reality, inspired and vivid portrayal of all that is new and
genuinely communist, and exposure of all that hinders the progress of society.

In the art of socialist realism, which is based on the principles of partisanship and p 92
kinship with the people, bold pioneering in the artistic depiction of life goes hand in
hand with the cultivation and development of the progressive traditions of world
culture. Writers, artists, musicians, theatrical workers, and film makers have every
opportunity of displaying creative initiative and skill, using manifold forms, styles,
and genres.

The Communist Party shows solicitude for the proper development of literature and p
art and their ideological and artistic standards, helps social organisations and literary
and art associations in their activities.

(c) The Expansion of International Cultural Relations. The Party considers it


necessary to expand the Soviet Union’s cultural relations with the countries of the
socialist system and with all other countries for the purpose of pooling scientific and
cultural achievements and of bringing about mutual understanding and friendship
among the peoples....

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< V. The Tasks of the Party in the . .. VII. The Party in the Period of >
Spheres of Ideology, Education, Full-Scale Communist Construction
Instruction, Science, and Culture
 

<< From the Report ``The New >>


Economic Policy and the Tasks of
Political Education" Delivered at the
Second All-Russian Congress of
Political Education Workers
 

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-In.the.Field.of.Cultural.Development[2012-12-17 23:14:16]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-In.the.Field.of.Cultural.Development

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,
Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent
fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-
In.the.Field.of.Cultural.Development
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
leninistbiz
252 e-books currently
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:14:13
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-In.the.Field.of.Cultural.Development[2012-12-17 23:14:16]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-VII.The.Party.in.the.Period.of.Full-Scale

MAP

<<< COmmuNIST MOralITY @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> . .. VII. The Party in the Period 92


<•> of Full-Scale Communist Construction
 

TOC There must be a new, higher stage in the development of the Party itself and of its p
political, ideological, and organisational work that is in conformity with the fullscale
Card
building of communism. The Party will continuously improve the forms and methods
of its work, so that its leadership of the masses, of the building of the material and
Text technical basis of communism, of the development of society’s spiritual life will keep
HTML pace with the growing requirements of the epoch of communist construction.
PS
PDF Being the vanguard of the people building a communist society, the Party must also p
be in the van in the organisation of internal Party life and serve as an example and 93
T* model in developing the most advanced forms of public communist self-government.
19*
Undeviating observance of the Leninist standards of Party life and the principle of p
### collective leadership, enhancement of the responsibility of Party organs and their
personnel to the Party rank and file, promotion of the activity -and initiative of all
Communists and of their participation in elaborating and realising the policy of the
Party, and the development of criticism and self-criticism, are a law of Party life.
This is an imperative condition of the ideological and organisational strength of the
Party itself, of the unity and solidarity of Party ranks, of an all-round development
of inner-Party democracy and an activisation on this basis of all Party forces, and of
the strengthening of ties with the masses... .

.. .(d) To reduce steadily the salaried Party staffs, enlisting Communists more p
extensively as non-salaried workers doing voluntary work.

(e) To develop criticism and self-criticism to the utmost as a tried and tested p
method of work and a means of disclosing and rectifying errors and shortcomings
and properly educating cadres.

In the period of full-scale communist construction the role and responsibility of p


every Party member will steadily increase. It is the duty of a Communist, in
production, in social and personal life, to be a model in the struggle for the
development and consolidation of communist relations, and to observe the principles
and norms of communist morality. The C.P.S.U. will reinforce its ranks with the
most politically conscious and active working people, and keep pure and hold high
the name of Communist.

The development of inner-Party democracy must ensure greater activity among p 94


Communists and enhance their responsibility for the realisation of the noble ideals of
communism. It will promote the cultivation in them of an inner, organic need to act
always and in all matters in full accordance with the principles of the Party and its
lofty aims.

The Party will continue to strengthen the unity and solidarity of its ranks, and to p
maintain the purity of Marxism-Leninism. The Party preserves such organisational
guarantees as are provided by the Rules of the C.P.S.U. against all manifestations of

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-VII.The.Party.in.the.Period.of.Full-Scale[2012-12-17 23:14:23]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-VII.The.Party.in.the.Period.of.Full-Scale

factionalism and group activity incompatible with Marxist-Leninist Party principles.


The unshakable ideological and organisational unity of the Party is the most
important source ot its invincibility, a guarantee tot the successful solution of the
great tasks of communist construction.

The people are the decisive force in the building of communism. The Party exists p
for the people, and it is in serving the people that it sees the purpose of its activity.
To further extend and deepen the ties between the Party and the people is an
imperative condition of success in the struggle for communism. The Party considers
it its duty always to consult the working people on the major questions of home and
foreign policy, to make these questions an object of nation-wide discussion, and to
attract the more extensive participation of non-Party members in all its work. The
more socialist democracy develops, the broader and more versatile the work of the
Party among the working people must be, and the stronger will be its influence
among the masses.

The Party will in every way promote the extension, and improvement of the work p
of the Soviets, the trade unions, the Y.C.L., and other mass organisations of working
peopie, and the development of the creative energy and initiative of the masses, and 95
will strengthen the unity and friendship of all the peoples of the U.S.S.R.

The CJP.SjU. is an integral part of the international Communist and working-class p


movement. The tried and tested Marxist-Leninist principles of proletarian
internationalism will continue to be inviolable principles which the Party will follow
undeviatingly.

The Communist Party of the Soviet Union will continue to strengthen the unity of
the international Communist movement, to develop fraternal ties with all the
Communist and Workers’ Parties and to co-ordinate its actions with the efforts of all
the contingents of the world communist movement in the joint struggle against the
danger of a new world war, for the interests of the working people, for peace,
democracy, and socialism.

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

< ... 4. In the Field of Cultural >


Development, Literature and Art
 

<< From the Report ``The New >>


Economic Policy and the Tasks of
Political Education" Delivered at the
Second All-Russian Congress of
Political Education Workers
 

<<< KARL MARX (1818-1883) and DZERZHINSKY, FELIX >>>


FREDERICK ENGELS (1820-1895) EDMUNDOVICH • (1877--1926) ---
---founders of scientific prominent figure in the Communist
communism, leaders of the Party, a Soviet statesman, permanent
international proletariat. Chairman of the All-Russian
Extraordinary Commission for
Combating CounterRevolution,

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-VII.The.Party.in.the.Period.of.Full-Scale[2012-12-17 23:14:23]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Lenin-VII.The.Party.in.the.Period.of.Full-Scale

Profiteering and Sabotage; an ardent


fighter for the revolution.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-
VII.The.Party.in.the.Period.of.Full-Scale
 
1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
leninistbiz
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:14:20 252 e-books currently
online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Lenin-VII.The.Party.in.the.Period.of.Full-Scale[2012-12-17 23:14:23]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Dzerzhinsky-From.a.Prison.Diary

MAP

<<< COMMUNIST MORalITY @AT LENINIST


(DOT) BIZ
>>>

<< • >> DZERZHINSKY, 96


<•> FELIX EDMUNDOVICH
(1877–1926)
TOC
—prominent figure in the
Card
Communist Party, a Soviet statesman,
permanent Chairman of the
Text
HTML All-Russian Extraordinary
PS Commission for Combating
PDF
CounterRevolution, Profiteering and
T* Sabotage; an ardent fighter for
19* the revolution.
 

### From a Prison Diary


 

099-15.jpg 97

F•DZERZHINSKY p

April 30, 1908 p

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Dzerzhinsky-From.a.Prison.Diary[2012-12-17 23:14:30]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Dzerzhinsky-From.a.Prison.Diary

... Where lies the way out of the hell of present-day life, in which the wolfish law p
of exploitation, oppression and violence holds sway? The way out lies in the idea of
a life which is based on harmony, a full life enjoyed by the whole of society, by all
mankind; the way out is in the idea of socialism, the idea of solidarity of the
working people. This idea is already approaching realisation, the people are ready to
receive it with open arms. The time for it has already arrived. The ranks of the
advocates of this idea must be united and the banner carried aloft so that the people
see it and follow it. And today this is the most urgent of the tasks of
SociaKDemocracy, of the tasks of the small handful that survives.

Socialism should cease to be only the scientific prevision of the future. It should p 98
become the torch that kindles indomitable faith and energy in the hearts of people....

May 10, 1908 p

... It would not be worthwhile living if the star of socialism, the star of the future p
were not shining down on mankind. For the “ego” cannot live if in itself it does not
contain the rest of the world and the people. Such is the nature of this “ego”....

May 21, 1908 p

. .: It is necessary to instil in the masses our own confidence in the inevitable p


bankruptcy of evil, so that they will be left with no doubt, so that they will come
through this moment in serried ranks, prepared for battle. This is the task of the
theoreticians. But the tasks of the others are to lay bare and show up this evil, to lay
bare the sufferings and torments of the masses and of the individual fighters torn
from their midst by the enemy, to give them the meaning they actually have and
which gives them the strength to bear everything courageously, without wavering.
Only in this way is it possible to instil in the masses courage and understanding of
the need for struggle. Those who influence the mind and those who put confidence
in victory into the heart and mind are both needed. Scientists and poets, teachers and
propagandists are needed. I recall the booklet "From the Battlefield" published by the
“Proletariat”  [ 98•*   Party, which described the sufferings of the people, the
steadfastness and courage they displayed in the struggle, and the tremendous 99
influence it had. How I would wish such a booklet to appear now! But now it is
more difficult to collect and compare facts, because they cover so much ground and
there are so many of them. But, on the other hand, there are greater opportunities
and possibilities now. If someone would undertake this work, or at least only the
guidance of this work, then in a year or two such book could appear. It would
reflect not only our sufferings and our doctrine, but also that longing for a full and
real life for the sake of which man would readily endure suffering and sacrifice....

December 31, 1908 p

... I have matured in prison in torments of solitude, in torments of longing for the p
world and for life. And, in spite of this, doubt in the justness of our cause has never
risen in my heart. And now, when perhaps for many years " all hope is buried in
torrents of blood, when they have been crucified on the gallows, when many
thousands of fighters for freedom are languishing in dungeons or thrown out into
snowbound Siberia-I feel proud. Already I see tremendous masses set in motion
shattering the old system, masses among whom new forces are being trained for
fresh struggles. I feel proud that I am with them, that I see, feel and understand
them, and that I, too, have suffered much together with them. It is sometimes hard,
at times even terrible, here in prison.... Yet, if I had to begin life all over again, I

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Dzerzhinsky-From.a.Prison.Diary[2012-12-17 23:14:30]
@LBiz: en/1962/CM206: Dzerzhinsky-From.a.Prison.Diary

would begin it in the same way. And not out of a sense of duty, not because I had
to. For me, it is an organic necessity.

... I curse neither my fate nor the many years in prison, for I know that all this is
necessary in order to

***
 
TEXT SIZE
normal
Notes

[ 98•* ]   “Proletariat”-the first revolutionary workers’ party in Poland, formed in the


eighties of last century.

< >
 

<< >>
 

<<< LENIN VLADIMIR ILYICH • >>>


(1870--1924) ---great theoretician of
Marxism, founder of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union and of the
Soviet socialist state.

   
http://leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Dzerzhinsky-From.a.Prison.Diary  
leninistbiz 1,779 titles in [ en/TAZ ]
Created: 2010 January 22    •  Refreshed: 23:14:27 252 e-books currently online
 
@At Leninist . Biz ... FREE electronic books !

http://www.leninist.biz/en/1962/CM206/Dzerzhinsky-From.a.Prison.Diary[2012-12-17 23:14:30]
@LBiz: Emacs-Lisp

How We Make This Site


tar archives (gzipped)
~/leninist.biz$ ls -l *.tgz
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 309807 2009-08-01 07:32 dotindex.tgz
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 320042 2009-08-01 07:32 el.tgz (see *.el below)
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 606747 2009-08-01 07:32 makesite.tgz
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 131369812 2009-08-01 07:51 tx.tgz

Miscellaneous
~/leninist.biz$ ls __ lb.sh lb-db__.awk
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 3179 2009-06-04 13:42 lb.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 6787 2009-09-12 18:47 __
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 2209 2009-09-05 09:52 lb-tar.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 2417 2009-05-31 04:26 lb-db__.awk

*.el
~/leninist.biz$ ls *.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 2195 2007-08-17 13:21 _-defvar.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 69951 2009-09-18 22:01 _.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 3310 2008-02-15 14:10 file-stamp.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 30014 2009-06-04 14:22 lb-abbyy.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 4122 2009-09-06 21:07 lb-batch.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 64097 2009-10-01 22:20 lb-db.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 19839 2009-07-31 21:02 lb-defun.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 47378 2009-10-01 16:51 lb-defvar.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 74807 2009-10-01 17:37 lb-edits.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 3663 2009-07-22 18:21 lb.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 264 2007-01-29 17:01 lb-en.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 457 2007-01-29 17:01 lb-es.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 13523 2007-04-11 11:33 lb-fix1st.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 27717 2009-09-29 15:51 lb-footn.el
-rw------- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 8131 2009-06-01 08:19 lb-ftp.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 19536 2009-10-01 22:28 lb-go-speed-racer.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 9873 2009-09-19 21:38 lb-hooks.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 62591 2009-09-30 18:32 lb-ht.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 331 2007-01-29 16:52 lb-lang.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 483 2006-12-14 23:41 lb-markup-checker.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 10720 2009-07-22 18:18 lb-misc.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 9071 2009-07-22 17:51 lb-model.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 73619 2009-09-12 19:42 lb-mu.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 12998 2008-05-25 16:16 lb-pmm.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 670 2009-08-04 18:35 lb-postinst.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 1640 2009-05-31 12:07 lb-qa.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 6139 2009-09-30 16:45 lb-registers.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 1913 2009-09-04 14:26 lb-sgml.el
-rw-rw-r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 1781 2007-06-25 16:43 lb-suspense.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 2060 2009-09-05 18:37 lb-test.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 5476 2006-12-14 23:41 lb-tmm.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 61599 2009-09-19 21:59 lb-toc.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 85919 2009-09-19 22:00 lb-tx.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 167 2007-01-29 16:53 lb-volume.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 553 2007-11-02 18:22 lb-web.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 13924 2009-05-31 12:07 lb-worldcat.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 8708 2009-05-31 12:07 lia_qual.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 15421 2009-09-04 17:37 lia-sgml.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 46517 2009-10-01 16:49 lia-tx.el
-rw-r--r-- 1 sverdlov sverdlov 23166 2009-09-10 18:05 _-sgml.el

Y. Sverdlov
Last modified: Tue Mar 2 13:46:15 PST 2010

http://www.leninist.biz/Emacs-Lisp[2012-12-17 23:14:32]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

More
Pages:
A . B . C . D . E . F . G . H . I. J . K . L . M .         Titles @AT LENINIST
(DOT) BIZ
<<< N . O . P . Q . R . S . T. U . V . W. X . Y . Z.         A–Z

>>>

<< • >> have book


<•> need book

 A   Abc of Dialectical and Historical Materialism


   A   Abc of Dialectical and Historical Materialism
Contents
 A   Abc of Planning: Fundamentals of the theory and methodology of economic planning, An
   A   About Andrei Tarkovsky
Index  A   About Lenin: Lenin in Soviet Literature
Card  A   Account to the Party and the People:, An
 A   Across the Soviet Union: Impressions of the USSR
Formats:  A   Activeness and Self-Education
Text  A   Actors Without Makeup
PS  A   Advocates of Colonialism
PDF  A   Aesthetics and Poetics
 A   Aesthetics, Art, Life: A collection of articles
   A   Aesthetics: A Textbook
Other
 A   Afghanistan Weighs Heavy on My Heart: The reminiscences of soldiers who fought in Afghanistan
Titles:
T*
 A   Afghanistan, the Revolution Continues
   A   Afghanistan: Between the past and future
Years:  A   Afghanistan: Past and present
19*  A   Africa Today: Progress, difficulties, perspectives
   A   Africa: Politics Economy Ideology
 A   Africa: Progress, problems, prospects:
###  A   African Communists Speak: Articles and documents from "The African Communist"
MAP  A   African Countries’ Foreign Policy.
 A   After 14,000 Wars
 A   Against Dogmatism and Sectarianism in the Working-Class Movement
 A   Against Liquidationism
 A   Against Right-Wing and Left-Wing Opportunism, Against Trotskyism
 A   Against Trotskyism: The struggle of Lenin and the CPSU against Trotskyism
 A   Against U.S. Aggression for National Salvation
 A   Against the Threat of Another World War
 A   Age-Group and Pedagogical Psychology
 A   Aggressive Broadcasting, Evidence Facts Documents: Psychological Warfare
 A   Agony of a Dictatorship: Nicaraguan Chronicle, The
 A   Agostinho Neto
 A   Agrarian India Betwen the World Wars
 A   Agrarian Reforms and Hired Labour in Africa
 A   Agrarian Relations in the USSR
 A   Agricultural Co-operatives: Their role in the development of socialist agriculture in the Soviet Union
 A   Agriculture in the U.S.S.R
 A   Aim of A Lifetime:, The
 A   Albert Einstein’s Philosophical Views and the Theory of Relativity
 A   Albert Einstein: Creator and rebel
 A   Alexei Tolstoy Collected Works In Six Volumes:
 A   All About The Telescope
 A   Along the Path Blazed in Helsinki
 A   Alternatives to Positivism.
 A   Always a Journalist
 A   Ambient Conflicts: Chapters from the history of relations between countries with different social system
 A   American Age of Reason: Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Thomas Paine, The
 A   American Literary Criticism: An anthology
 A   American Model on the Scales of History, The
 A   American Utopia, The
 A   American Youth Today
 A   Americans: As seen by a Soviet writer, The
 A   Anarchism and Anarcho-Syndicalism
 A   Anatomy of Lies [Amnesty International], The
 A   Anatomy of the Middle East Conflict
 A   Ancient Civilisations of East and West
 A   Andromeda: A Space Age Tale
 A   Anglo-Bulgarian Relations During the Second World War
 A   Anthology of Soviet Short Stories: In Two Volumes: Volume One.
 A   Anthology of Soviet Short Stories: In Two Volumes: Volume Two.

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 A   Anthony Eden
 A   Anti-Communism Today
 A   Anti- Communism, the Main Line of Zionism
 A   Anti-Hitler Coalition:, The
 A   Antitank Warfare
 A   Anton Chekhov and His Times
 A   Anton Makarenko: His life and his work in education
 A   Arab Struggle For Economic Independence
 A   Arduous Beginning, The
 A   Are Our Moscow Reporters Giving Us the Facts About the USSR?
 A   Aristotle
 A   Armed Forces of the Soviet Union, The
 A   Arms Trade: A new level of danger, The
 A   Arms and Dollars: Roots of U.S. foreign policy
 A   Army and Social Progress, The
 A   Army and the Revolutionary Transformation of Society, The
 A   Art Festivals, USSR
 A   Art and Social Life
 A   Art and Society: Collection of articles
 A   Artistic Creativity, Reality and Man.
 A   Artistic Truth and Dialectics of Creative Work
 A   As Military Adviser in China
 A   As the People Willed: A documented account of how the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was founded (1917–1922)
 A   Ascent: Careers in the USSR, The
 A   Asian Dilemma: A Soviet view and Myrdal’s concept
 A   Asian Dilemma: The essence of social progress in the transitional period
 A   Astronomy for Entertainment
 A   At the Bidding of the Heart:
 A   At the Centr\ve of Political Storms: The memoirs of a Soviet diplomat
 A   At the Turning Points of History: Some lessons of the struggle against revisionism within the Marxist-Leninist movement
 A   Atlantis
 A   Atomic Nucleus
 A   Authoritarianism and Democracy
 A   Avengers:
 A   Awakening to Life: Forming behaviour and the mind in deaf-blind children
 A   Azerbaijanian Poetry, Classic Modern, Traditional:
 B   Badges and Trophies in Soviet Sports
 B   Basic Economic Law of Modern Capitalism, The
 B   Basic Principles of Dialectical and Historical Materialism, The
 B   Basic Principles of Operational Art and Tactics: A Soviet view, The
 B   Basic Principles of the Organisation of Soviet Agriculture, The
 B   Basic Problems of the Marxist-Leninst Theory: Symposium of Lectures 
 B   Basics of Marxist-Leninist Theory
 B   Battle for the Caucasus
 B   Battle of Ideas in the Modern World., The
 B   Battle of Kursk, The
 B   Before the Nazi Invasion: Soviet Diplomacy in September 1939–June 1941
 B   Beginning: Lenin’s Childhood and Youth, The
 B   Behind the Facade of the Masonic Temple:
 B   Behind the Scenes of Third Reich Diplomacy.
 B   Benefactors of Peace
 B   Big Business and the Economic Cycle:
 B   Big Changes in the USSR: Leafing through the Soviet Journal Kommunist
 B   Biosphere and Politics, The
 B   Birth of Nations, The
 B   Birth of a Genius: The Development of the Personality and World Outlook of Karl Marx
 B   Black Book and Schwambrania:, The
 B   Blacks in United States History
 B   Bolshevik Party’s Struggle Against Trotskyism (1903–February 1917), The
 B   Bolshevik Party’s Struggle Against Trotskyism in the Post-October Period., The
 B   Bolshevik-led Socialist Revolution, March–October 1917, The
 B   Bolsheviks and the Armed Forces in Three Revolutions:, The
 B   Book About Artists
 B   Book About Bringing Up Children, A
 B   Book About Russia: In the union of equals:, A
 B   Books in the Service of Peace, Humanism, and Progress
 B   Books in the USSR
 B   Boris Kustodiev: The Artist and His Work
 B   Boris Pasternak: Selected writings and letters.
 B   Bourgeois Economic Thought 1930s–1970s
 B   Bourgeois Nations and Socialist Nations

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 B   Breadwinners, The
 B   Brief Course of Dialectical Materialism: Popular outline, A
 B   British Foreign Policy During World War II 1939–1945
 B   Broad-Casting Pirates or Abuse of the Microphone:
 B   Builder of Socialism and Figher Against Fascism, The
 B   Bureaucracy in India
 B   Bureaucracy, Triumph and Crisis: New thinking
 B   Bureaucrats in Power–Ecological Collapse
 B   By: ANNA LOUISE STRONG
 B   By: JASON W. SMITH
 C   Camp of Socialism and the Camp of Capitalism, The
 C   Can Man Change the Climate?
 C   Can Socialists & Communists Co-Operate?
 C   Canada–USA: Problems and contradictions in North American economic integration
 C   Capital Accumulation and Economic Growth in Developing Africa
 C   Capitalism and the Ecological Crisis
 C   Capitalism at the End of the Century
 C   Capitalism, Socialism and Scientific and Technical Revolution
 C   Capitalism, the Technological Revolution, and the Working Class
 C   Capitalist Economy
 C   Case for Perestroika: Articles from the monthly Kommunist , The
 C   Categories and Laws of the Political Economy of Communism
 C   Caught in the Act
 C   Causality and the Relation of States in Physics
 C   Cause of My Life., The
 C   Caution: Zionism!:
 C   Cecil Rhodes and His Time
 C   Central Asia and Kazakhstan Before and After the October Revolution
 C   Central Asia and Kazakstan[d] Before and After the October Revolution: Reply to falsifiers of history
 C   Central Asia in Modern Times:
 C   Central V.I. Lenin Museum
 C   Centralised Planning of the Economy
 C   Ch’ing Empire and the Russian State in the 17th Century, The
 C   Challenges of Our Time: Disarmament and social progress, The
 C   Champions of Peace
 C   Changing Face of the Earth:, The
 C   Chapters from the History of Russo-Chinese Relations 17th–19th Centuries
 C   Child Development and Education
 C   Child, Adults, Peers: Patterns of communication
 C   Children and Sport in the USSR
 C   Children and Sport in the USSR
 C   Chile, Corvalan, Struggle.
 C   Chile: CIA Big Business
 C   China Theatre in World War II: 1939–1945., The
 C   China and Her Neighbours from Ancient Times to the Middle Ages:
 C   Choice Facing Europe, The
 C   Choice for Children, A
 C   Christ–Myth or Reality?
 C   Christian Ecumenism
 C   Christianity and Marxism
 C   Cia Target: The USSR
 C   Cia in Asia: Covert operations against India and Afghanistan., The
 C   Cia in Latin America, The
 C   Cia in the Dock., The
 C   Citizenship of the USSR: A legal study.
 C   City Invincible
 C   City of the Yellow Devil: Pamphlets, articles and letters about America, The
 C   Civil Codes of the Soviet Republics., The
 C   Civil Law and the Protection of Personal Rights in the USSR
 C   Civil War in Russia: Its causes and significance, The
 C   Civil War in the United States, The
 C   Civilisation and Global Problems
 C   Civilisation and the Historical Process
 C   Civilisation, Science, Philosophy:
 C   Civilisation, science, philosophy : theme of the 17th World Congress of Philosophy
 C   Classes and Nations
 C   Classes and the Class Struggle in the USSR, 1920s–1930s
 C   Classic Soviet Plays
 C   Classical Islamic Philosophy
 C   Cmea Countries and Developing States: Economic cooperation
 C   Cmea Today: From economic co-operation to economic integration

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

  C   Cmea and Third Countries: Legal aspects of co-operation


  C   Cmea and the Strategy of Acceleration
  C   Cmea: International Significance of Socialist Integration
  C   Co-operative Movement in Asia and Africa:, The
  C   Collapse of the Russian Empire 1917, The
  C   Comet in the Night: The story of Alexander Ulyanov’s heroic life and tragic death as told by his contemporaries
  C   Coming World Order, The
  C   Comintern and the East: A critique of the critique, The
  C   Comintern and the East: The struggle for the Leninist strategy and tactics in national liberation movements, The
  C   Comintern and the East: strategy and tactics in national liberation movements, The
  C   Communism IN THE UNITED STATES— A BIBLIOGRAPHY
  C   Communism and Cultural Heritage
  C   Communism and Freedom
  C   Communism as a Social Formation
  C   Communism: Questions and Answers: 1
  C   Communism: Questions and Answers: 7
  C   Communism: Questions and answers: 4
  C   Communist :: 1938 (VOL. XVII), The
  C   Communist Morality
  C   Communist Party (Cuba): (Collection of documents)
  C   Communist Party in Socialist Society: A critique of bourgeois concepts , The
  C   Communist Response to the Challenge of Our Time, The
  C   Communists and the Youth: Study of revolutionary education
  C   Comprehensive Programme for the Further Extension and Improvement of Co-Operation and the Development of Socialist Economic Integration by the CMEA Member Countries
  C   Comprehensive Science of Man: Studies and solutions, A
  C   Comrade Stalin—the Continuer of Lenin’s Great Work
  C   Concept of Common Heritage of Mankind: From new thinking to new practice.
  C   Concepts of Regional Development
  C   Concise Psychological Dictionary, A
  C   Confrontation or Compromise?: The meaning of worker participation in the management of capitalist enterprises
  C   Conjugation of Russian Verbs
  C   Conservation of Nature
  C   Conservatism in U.S. Ideology and Politics
  C   Consolidation of the Socialist Countries Unity
  C   Conspiracy Against Delgado: A History of One Operation by the CIA and the PIDE
  C   Conspiracy Against the Tsar: A Portrait of the Decembrists
  C   Constitution of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
  C   Constitutional Law and Political Institutions.
  C   Contemporary Anti-Communism: Policy and ideology.
  C   Contemporary Bourgeois Legal Thought: A Marxist evaluation of the basic concepts 
  C   Contemporary Capitalism and the Middle Classes
  C   Contemporary Capitalism: New developments and contradictions
  C   Contemporary International Law: Collection of articles.
  C   Contemporary Political Science in the USA and Western Europe
  C   Contemporary Revolutionary Process: Theoretical Essays, The
  C   Contemporary Trotskyism: Its anti-revolutionary nature
  C   Contemporary World History 1917–1945, A
  C   Contemporary World Situation and Validity of Marxism
  C   Contradictions of Agrarian Integration in the Common Market
  C   Correction of the Convicted: Law, theory, practice
  C   Correspondence Between the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the Presidents of the USA and the Prime Ministers of Great Britain During the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945:
VOLUME 1:
  C   Correspondence Between the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the Presidents of the USA and the Prime Ministers of Great Britain During the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945:
VOLUME 2:
  C   Cpsu and the Soviet State in Developed Socialist Society, The
  C   Cpsu in the Struggle for Unity of All Revolutionary and Peace Forces, The
  C   Cpsu’s Nationalities Policy: Truth and lies, The
  C   Cpsu: Ideological, political and organisational principles., The
  C   Cpsu: Party of Proletarian Internationalism
  C   Cpsu: Topical Aspects of History and Policy, The
  C   Criminalistics
  C   Crisis of Capitalism and the Conditions of the Working People., The
  C   Crisis of World Capitalism
  C   Critique of Anti-Marxist Theories
  C   Critique of Mao Tse-Tung’s Theoretical Conceptions., A
  C   Critique of Masarykism, A
  C   Cultural Changes in Developing Countries
  C   Cultural Exchange: 10 years after Helsinki
  C   Cultural Life of the Soviet Worker: A Sociological Study, The
  C   Culture and Perestroika
  C   Culture for the Millions

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 C   Current Problems of Contemporary Capitalism


 D   Danger: NATO
 D   De Gaulle: His Life and Work 
 D   Death Can Wait
 D   Decisions of the Central Committee, C.P.S.U.(B.) on Literature and Art (1946-1948)
 D   Dedication: Stories about Soviet men and women
 D   Definition (Logico-Methodological Problems)
 D   Demography in the Mirror of History
 D   Denis Diderot
 D   Destiny of Capitalism in the Orient
 D   Destiny of the World: The socialist shape of things to come, The
 D   Destruction of Reason, The
 D   Destructive POLICY [Policy of Chinese leadership], A
 D   Destructive Policy, A
 D   Detente and Anti-communism
 D   Detente and the World Today: 26th CPSU Congress:
 D   Developed Socialism: Theory and practice
 D   Developed Socialist Society: Basic features and place in history.
 D   Developing Countries from the Standpoint of Marxist Political Economy
 D   Developing Countries’ Social Structure, The
 D   Developing Nations At the Turn of Millennium.
 D   Development by J.V. Stalin of the Marxist-Leninist Theory of the National Question, The
 D   Development of Revolutionary Theory by the CPSU.
 D   Development of Rights and Freedoms in the Soviet State, The
 D   Development of Soviet Law and Jurisprudence:, The
 D   Development of the Monist View of History., The
 D   Dialectical Logic: Essays on its history and theory
 D   Dialectical Materialism and the History of Philosophy
 D   Dialectical Materialism.
 D   Dialectical Materialism: Popular lectures
 D   Dialectics in Modern Physics
 D   Dialectics of the Abstract and the Concrete in Marx’s Capital, The
 D   Dialogue For Peace
 D   Dialogue of Cultures or Cultural Expansion?
 D   Dictionary for Believers and Nonbelievers., A
 D   Dictionary of Ethics., A
 D   Dictionary of International Law, A
 D   Dictionary of Philosophy (1967)
 D   Dictionary of Philosophy (1984)
 D   Dictionary of Political Economy., A
 D   Dictionary of Scientific Communism., A
 D   Difficult Mission: War Memoirs: Soviet Admiral in Great Britain during the Second World War.
 D   Dilemma of Balanced Regional Development in India
 D   Diplomacy of Aggression: Berlin–Rome–Tokyo Axis, its rise and fall.
 D   Diplomatic Battles Before World War II
 D   Disarmament and the Economy
 D   Disarmament: the Command of the Times
 D   Discovering the Soviet Union
 D   Discovery of the Century
 D   Distribution of the Productive Forces: General schemes, theory and practice
 D   Dmitry Shostakovich: About himself and his times
 D   Do The Russians Want War?
 D   Documents and Materials Relating to the Eve of the Second World War:
 D   Documents and Resolutions: the 26th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Moscow, February 23–March 3, 1981
 D   Domination in 2,545 Endgame Studies.
 D   Dramas of the Revolution.
 D   Drawings by Soviet Children
 D   Dynamic Stability: The Soviet economy today
 D   Dynamic Twentieth Century, The
 E   Early Centuries of Russian History
 E   Early Russian Architecture
 E   Early Stories
 E   East After the Collapse of the Colonial System, The
 E   Eastern Societies: Revolution, Power, Progress:
 E   Echoes of the A-Blast
 E   Ecology and Development
 E   Ecology: Political Institutions and Legislation: environmental law in the USSR
 E   Economic “Theories” of Maoism., The
 E   Economic Aspects of Capitalist Integration
 E   Economic Aspects of Social Security in the USSR, The
 E   Economic Cycle: Postwar Development, The

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 E   Economic Development and Perspective Planning


 E   Economic Geography of the Ocean
 E   Economic Geography of the Socialist Countries of Europe:
 E   Economic Geography of the World
 E   Economic Geography of the World
 E   Economic Geography: Theory and methods
 E   Economic Growth and the Market in the Developing Countries
 E   Economic History: The Age of Imperialism (1870–1917), An
 E   Economic Inequality of Nations
 E   Economic Integration: Two approaches
 E   Economic Law
 E   Economic Neocolonialism: Problems of South-East Asian Countries’ Struggle for Economic Independence
 E   Economic Policy During the Construction of Socialism in the USSR
 E   Economic Substantiation of the Theory of Socialism, The
 E   Economic System of Socialism, The
 E   Economic Theories and Reality
 E   Economic Zone: An International Legal Aspect, The
 E   Economics, Politics, the Class Struggle, International Relations
 E   Economies of Rich and Poor Countries, The
 E   Economies of the Countries of Latin America
 E   Economy of the Soviet Union Today: Socialism Today, The
 E   Education in the U.S.S.R. 
 E   Education of the Soviet Soldier: Party-political work in the Soviet armed forces.
 E   Einstein and the Philosophical Problems of 20th-Century Physics
 E   Einstein
 E   Elements of Political Knowledge.
 E   Elitist Revolution or Revolution of the Masses?
 E   Elyuchin
 E   Emotions, Myths and Theories.
 E   End of Ideology Theory: Illusions and reality:, The
 E   End of the Third Reich., The
 E   Engels: A short biography 
 E   English Revolution of the 17th Century through Portraits of Its Leading Figures, The
 E   Enigma of Capital: A Marxist viewpoint., The
 E   Environment: International Aspects
 E   Envoy of the Stars: Academician Victor Ambartsumyan
 E   Epoch of the Collapse of Capitalism and the Development of Socialism
 E   Era of Man or Robot?
 E   Ernesto Che Guevara
 E   Essays in Contemporary History, 1917–1945
 E   Essays in Contemporary History, 1946–1990
 E   Essays in Political Economy: Imperialism and the developing countries
 E   Essays in Political Economy: Socialism and the socialist orientation
 E   Essays on Linguistics: Language systems and structures
 E   Estonia, One of the United Family.
 E   Eternal Man: Reflections, dialogues, portraits
 E   Ethics of Science: Issues and controversies, The
 E   Ethics.
 E   Ethiopia: Population, resources, economy
 E   Ethnic Problems of the Tropical Africa: Can they be solved?
 E   Ethnocultural Development of African Countries
 E   Ethnocultural Processes and National Problems in the Modern World.
 E   Ethnogenesis and the Biosphere
 E   Europe 1939:
 E   Europe and Detente
 E   Europe and the Communists
 E   European Security and Co-Operation:
 E   European Security: Social aspects
 E   Evgeny Vakhtangov
 E   Exercises in Russian syntax with explanatory notes: [no date [ca. 1960]].
 E   Experience of Industrial Management in the Soviet Union, The
 E   Experience of the CPSU: Its World Significance.
 E   Export of Counter-Revolution: Past and present, The
 F   Face to Face With America: The story of N.S. Khrushchov’s [Khrushchev’s] visit to U.S.A., September 15–27, 1959
 F   Facts About the USSR
 F   Failure of Three Missions: British diplomacy and intelligence in the efforts to overthrow Soviet government in Central Asia and Transcaucasia...
 F   Fate of Man, The
 F   Faust versus Mephistopheles?
 F   Felix Dzerzhinsky: A biography.
 F   Female Labour Under Socialism: The Socio-Economic Aspects
 F   Feudal Society and Its Culture

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 F   Few Salient Points or Things That Agitate Us: A collection of articles, A


 F   Fifty Fighting Years: The Communist Party of South Africa, 1921–1971
 F   Fifty Soviet Poets
 F   Fifty Years of a New Era:
 F   Fighters for National Liberation: Political profiles
 F   Fighting Red Tape in the USSR
 F   Figures for Fun:
 F   Film Trilogy About Lenin, A
 F   Final Reckoning, Nuremburg Diaries, The
 F   Finale: A Retrospective Review of Imperialist Japan’s Defeat in 1945
 F   Finance and Credit in the USSR
 F   First Breath of Freedom, The
 F   First Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba:
 F   First Days of the October [sic. ABEBOOKS], The
 F   First Man in Space:
 F   Firsthand News
 F   Five Years’ Progress in Agricultural Production and the Tasks for the Future: Report
 F   Following Lenin’s Course: Speeches and articles
 F   Following the Course of All-round Perfection of Socialism
 F   For All Time and All Men [Karl Marx]
 F   For Man’s Happiness: The forum of Soviet Communists
 F   For a Nuclear-Free World
 F   For a Restructuring of International Economic Relations: 20th anniversary of UNCTAD
 F   Foreign Comrades in the October Revolution: Reminiscences
 F   Formation of the Socialist Economic System
 F   Foundations of Marxist Aesthetics
 F   Founding Fathers of the United States: Historical portraits
 F   Fourth Congress of the Lao People’s Revolutionary Party:, The
 F   Fraternal Family of Nations:, A
 F   Frederick Engels: A Biography
 F   Frederick Engels: His Life and Work
 F   Freedom and the Artist
 F   Freedom of Conscience in the USSR
 F   From Anti-Imperialism to Anti-Socialism: The evolution of Peking’s foreign policy
 F   From Childhood to Centenarian
 F   From Geneva to Reykjavik
 F   From Helsinki to Belgrade:
 F   From Keynes to Neoclassical Synthesis:
 F   From Literacy Classes to Higher Education
 F   From Madrid to Vienna: Follow-up report of the Soviet Committee for European Security and Cooperation on the Helsinki Final Act
 F   From Revisionism to Betrayal: A criticism of Ota Sik’s economic views
 F   From Socialism to Communism
 F   From Tsarist General to Red Army Commander
 F   From Wooden Plough to Atomic Power: The Story of Soviet Industrialisation.
 F   From the History of Soviet-Chinese Relations in the 1950’s: Concerning the discussion of Mao Zedong’s role
 F   From the Missionary Days to Reagan: US China Policy
 F   Fundamental Law of the U.S.S.R., The
 F   Fundamental Problems of Marxism
 F   Fundamentals of Corrective Labour Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics: Statute on remand in custody
 F   Fundamentals of Criminalistics
 F   Fundamentals of Dialectical Materialism
 F   Fundamentals of Dialectics
 F   Fundamentals of Ergonomics
 F   Fundamentals of Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics
 F   Fundamentals of Marxism-Leninism • Manual
 F   Fundamentals of Marxism-Leninism • Manual
 F   Fundamentals of Marxist-Leninist Philosophy (1974), The
 F   Fundamentals of Marxist-Leninist Philosophy (1982), The
 F   Fundamentals of Marxist-Leninist Theory and Tactics of Revolutionary Parties
 F   Fundamentals of Philosophy
 F   Fundamentals of Political Economy (1980)
 F   Fundamentals of Political Economy (1983), The
 F   Fundamentals of Political Economy: Popular course
 F   Fundamentals of Political Science: Textbook for primary political education.
 F   Fundamentals of Scientific Communism
 F   Fundamentals of Scientific Management of Socialist Economy
 F   Fundamentals of Scientific Socialism
 F   Fundamentals of Soviet State Law
 F   Fundamentals of Sports Training
 F   Fundamentals of the Socialist Theory of the State and Law
 F   Future of Society:, The

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 F   Future of the USSR’s Economic Regions, The


 F   Futurology Fiasco: A Critical Study of non-Marxist Concepts of How Society Develops
 G   General Chernyakhovsky
 G   General Council of The First International 1864–1866: The London conference 1865 minutes
 G   General Crisis of Capitalism
 G   General Theory of Law: Social and philosophical problems, The
 G   Generalisation and Cognition
 G   Genesis of the Soviet Federative State (1917–1925)
 G   Genocide
 G   Geographical Prognostication: Problems and prospects
 G   Geography and Ecology: A collection of articles, 1971–1981
 G   Geography of the Soviet Union: Physical background, population, economy
 G   Georgi Dimitrov Selected Works (Volume 1):
 G   Georgi Dimitrov Selected Works (Volume 2):
 G   Georgi Dimitrov Selected Works (Volume 3)
 G   Georgi Dimitrov: An eminent theoretician and revolutionary
 G   Georgi Plekhanov Selected Philosophical Works (Volume I):
 G   Georgi Plekhanov Selected Philosophical Works (Volume II):
 G   Georgi Plekhanov Selected Philosophical Works (Volume III):
 G   Georgi Plekhanov Selected Philosophical Works (Volume IV):
 G   Georgi Plekhanov Selected Philosophical Works (Volume V):
 G   German Imperialism: Its past and present
 G   Germany:
 G   Glance at Historical Materialism, A
 G   Global  engineering.
 G   Global Ecology
 G   Global Problems and the Future of Mankind
 G   Global Problems of Our Age
 G   Global Problems of Our Age
 G   Glory Eternal: Defence of Odessa 1941
 G   Going Beyond the Square: Notes by an economist
 G   Gorky Collected Works in Ten Volumes:
 G   Gorky and His Contemporaries:
 G   Government Regulation of the Private Sector in the USSR
 G   Great Baikal Amur Railway, The
 G   Great Construction Works of Communism and the Remaking of Nature
 G   Great Heritage: The classical literature of Old Rus, The
 G   Great March of Liberation, The
 G   Great Mission of Literature and Art, The
 G   Great October Revolution and World Social Progress, The
 G   Great October Revolution and the Intelligentsia:, The
 G   Great October Revolution and the Working Class, National Liberation and General Democratic Movements, The
 G   Great October Socialist Revolution, The
 G   Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union, 1941–1945:
 G   Grounds for Optimism
 G   Growing Up Human
 G   Growing Up in the Soviet Union from the Cradle to Coming of Age
 G   Guarantee of Peace
 H   Hague Congress of the First International, September 2–7, 1872:, The
 H   Handbook of Philosophy, A
 H   Hands Up! Or Public Enemy No. 1
 H   Hans Kohn Analyses the Russian Mind
 H   Hashar
 H   Hatredmongers: Anti-Soviet activity of the Lithuanian Clerical Emigrés
 H   Health Protection in the USSR.
 H   Heartbeat of Reform: Soviet jurists and political scientists discuss the progress of Perestroika:, The
 H   Henry Thoreau
 H   Henry Winston: Profile of a U.S. communist
 H   Higher Education and Computerisation
 H   Highlights of a Fighting History: 60 Years of the Communist Party, USA
 H   Historical Experience of the CPSU in Carrying Out Lenin’s Co-operative Plan
 H   Historical Knowledge: A Systems-Epistemological Approach.
 H   Historical Materialism ( by Cornforth )
 H   Historical Materialism (1969)
 H   Historical Materialism: An outline of Marxist theory of society.
 H   Historical Materialism: Basic problems.
 H   Historical Materialism: Theory, methodology, problems.
 H   Historical Science in Socialist Countries:
 H   Historical Science in the USSR: New research:
 H   History OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF THE SOVIET UNION / BOLSHEVIKS / SHORT COURSE
 H   History OF THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 H   History Versus Anti-History: A critique of the bourgeois falsification of the postwar history of the CPSU.
 H   History and Politics: American historiography on Soviet society
 H   History in the Making: Memoirs of World War II Diplomacy
 H   History of Afganistan
 H   History of Ancient Philosophy: Greece and Rome
 H   History of Classical Sociology, A
 H   History of India (2 v.), A
 H   History of Old Russian Literature, A
 H   History of Psychology, A
 H   History of Realism, A
 H   History of Religion
 H   History of Science: Soviet research, The
 H   History of Soviet Foreign Policy 1945–1970
 H   History of the Ancient World.
 H   History of the Middle Ages
 H   History of the October Revolution
 H   History of the Three Internationals
 H   History of the USA Since World War I
 H   History of the USSR in three parts: PART I:
 H   History of the USSR in three parts: PART II:
 H   History of the USSR in three parts: PART III:
 H   History of the USSR: An outline of socialist construction
 H   History of the USSR: Elementary course
 H   History of the USSR: The era of socialism
 H   Ho Chi Minh Selected Writings, 1920–1969:
 H   Ho Chi Minh.
 H   Honour Eternal: Second World War Memorials
 H   How Many Will the Earth Feed?
 H   How Socialism Began: Russia Under Lenin’s Leadership 1917–1923
 H   How Soviet Economy Won Technical Independence
 H   How Wars End: Eye-witness accounts of the fall of Berlin
 H   How the National Question Was Solved in Soviet Central Asia 
 H   How the Revolution Was Won:
 H   How the Soviet Economy Is Run:
 H   How to Study Historical Materialism
 H   How to Study the Theory of Scientific Communism:
 H   Human Relations Doctrine: Ideological weapon of the monopolies.
 H   Human Rights and Freedoms in the USSR
 H   Human Rights and International Relations
 H   Human Rights, What We Argue About
 H   Human Rights: Continuing the discussion
 H   Humanism of Art., The
 H   Humanism, Atheism: Principles and Practice
 H   Humanism: Its Philosophical, Ethical and Sociological Aspects.
 I   I Hereby Apply for an Apartment
 I   I Saw the New World Born: John Reed
 I   Icon Painting: State Museum of Palekh Art.
 I   Ideals and Spiritual Values of Socialist Society, The
 I   Ideological Struggle Today
 I   Ideological Struggle and Literature:, The
 I   Ideology and Social Progress
 I   Ideology and Tactics of Anti-Communism: Myths and Reality, The
 I   Illusion of Equal Rights: Legal Inequality in the Capitalist World, An
 I   Image of India: The Study of Ancient Indian Civilisation in the USSR, The
 I   Immortality: Verse By Soviet Poets Who Laid Down Their Lives in the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945
 I   Imperial China: Foreign-policy conceptions and methods
 I   Imperialism and the Developing Countries
 I   Improvement of Soviet Economic Planning
 I   In Disregard of the Law
 I   In Pursuit of Social Justice
 I   In Search of Harmony
 I   In Search of Holy Mother Russia
 I   In Southern Africa
 I   In the Forecasters’ Maze
 I   In the Grip of Terror
 I   In the Name of Life: Reflections of a Soviet Surgeon
 I   In the Name of Peace
 I   In the World of Music
 I   India: Independence and oil
 I   India: Social and Economic Development (18th–20th Century)
 I   India: Spotlight on Population

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 I   Indian Economy, The


 I   Indian Philosophy in Modern Times
 I   Individual and Society, The
 I   Individual and the Microenvironment, The
 I   Individual in Socialist Society, The
 I   Industrial Revolution in the East, The
 I   Industrialisation of Developing Countries
 I   Industrialisation of India
 I   Inflation Under Capitalism Today
 I   Information Abused: Critical essays
 I   Insane Squandering: The Social and Economic Consequences of the Arms Race
 I   Integration of Science., The
 I   Intensifying Production: Acceleration factors
 I   Inter-American Relations from Bolivar to the Present
 I   Interaction of Sciences in the Study of the Earth, The
 I   International Covenants on Human Rights and Soviet Legislation
 I   International Humanitarian Law
 I   International Law of the Sea, The
 I   International Law: A textbook
 I   International Law
 I   International MEETING OF COMMUNIST AND WORKERS’ PARTIES – MOSCOW 1969
 I   International Monetary Law
 I   International Monopolies and Developing Countries
 I   International Solidarity with the Spanish Republic 1936–1939:
 I   International Space Law.
 I   International Terrorism and the CIA: Documents, Eyewitness Reports, Facts
 I   International Trade and the Improvement of the Standard of Living in the West
 I   International Working-Class Movement, Volume 1: The Origins of the Proletariat and Its Evolution as a Revolutionary Class, The
 I   International Working-Class Movement, Volume 2: The Working-Class Movement in the Period of Transition to Imperialism (1871–1904), The
 I   International Working-Class Movement, Volume 3: Revolutionary battles of the early 20th Century, The
 I   International Working-Class Movement, Volume 4: The Socialist Revolution in Russia and the International Working Class (1917–1923), The
 I   International Working-Class Movement, Volume 5: The Builder of Socialism and Fighter Against Fascism, The
 I   International Working-Class Movement, Volume 6: The Working-Class Movement in the Developed Capitalist Countries After the Second World War (1945–1979), The
 I   International Working-Class and Communist Movement: Historical Record (1830s to mid-1940s)
 I   Interpreting America: Russian and Soviet Studies of the History of American Thought
 I   Introduction to Physics
 I   Invitation to a Dialogue
 I   Islam and Muslims in the Land of the Soviets
 J   Jawaharlal Nehru and His Political Views
 J   Jawaharlal Nehru
 J   Joint Jubilee Meeting of the CPSU Central Committee, Supreme Soviet of the USSR and the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation, Moscow November 3, 1967
 J   Jonestown Carnage: A CIA crime, The
 K   Kampuchea: From Tragedy to Rebirth
 K   Karl Marx and Modern Philosophy: Collection of Articles
 K   Karl Marx and Our Time: Articles and speeches
 K   Karl Marx and Our Time: The struggle for peace and social progress
 K   Karl Marx’s Great Discovery: The dual-nature-of-labour doctrine:
 K   Karl Marx: A Biography
 K   Karl Marx: Short biography.
 K   Keynesianism Today:
 K   Klement Gottwald Selected Writings 1944–1949
 K   Komsomol: Questions and Answers, The
 K   Konstantin Stanislavsky, 1863–1963: Man and Actor:
 K   Kwame Nkrumah
 L   Labour Protection at Soviet Industrial Enterprises
 L   Labour in the USSR: Problems and solutions
 L   Land of Soviets, The
 L   Landmarks in History: The Marxist Doctrine of Socio-Economic Formations
 L   Landmarks of Marxist Socio-Economic Foundations
 L   Last Nuclear Explosion: Forty years of struggle against nuclear tests, The
 L   Last of the Romans and European Culture, The
 L   Law and Force in the International System
 L   Law and Legal Culture in Soviet Society
 L   Law, Morality and Man:
 L   Law, Progress, and Peace: A journalist’s observations on the influence of Soviet law on the progressive development of international law
 L   Leap Through the Centuries, A
 L   Leftist Terrorism: Are the Leftist Terrorists Really Left?
 L   Legal Regulation of Soviet Foreign Economic Relations, The
 L   Legislation in the USSR
 L   Legislative Acts of the USSR: Book 3
 L   Lenin About the Press

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 L   Lenin COLLECTED WORKS (International), V.I.


 L   Lenin Collected Works
 L   Lenin In Our Life.
 L   Lenin In Profile: World writers and artists on Lenin
 L   Lenin On Participation of the People in Government
 L   Lenin Prize Winners: Soviet stars theatre, music, art
 L   Lenin Selected Works
 L   Lenin Talks to America.
 L   Lenin Through the Eyes of Lunacharsky
 L   Lenin Through the Eyes of the World:
 L   Lenin and Books
 L   Lenin and Gorky: Letters, reminiscences, articles.
 L   Lenin and Library Organisation.
 L   Lenin and Modern Natural Science.
 L   Lenin and National Liberation in the East
 L   Lenin and Problems of Literature.
 L   Lenin and USSR Foreign Politics
 L   Lenin and the Bourgeois Press
 L   Lenin and the Leagues of Struggle
 L   Lenin and the Soviet Peace Policy: Articles and Speeches 1944–80.
 L   Lenin and the World Revolutionary Process
 L   Lenin in London: Memorial places
 L   Lenin in Soviet Literature; A Remarkable Year, etc.
 L   Lenin in Soviet Poetry
 L   Lenin on Labour Under Socialism: The Great Legacy of Marxism-Leninism
 L   Lenin on Language
 L   Lenin on religion, V.I.
 L   Lenin on the Intelligentsia
 L   Lenin on the Unity of the International Communist Movement
 L   Lenin’s "What the ‘Friends of the People’ Are and How They Fight the Social-Democrats"
 L   Lenin’s “Materialism and Empirio-Criticism”
 L   Lenin’s “The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade Kautsky”
 L   Lenin’s Behests and the Making of Soviet Latvia
 L   Lenin’s Comrades-In-Arms:
 L   Lenin’s Doctrine of National Liberation Revolutions and Modern World 
 L   Lenin’s Geneva Addresses
 L   Lenin’s Ideas and Modern International Relations
 L   Lenin’s Plan of Building Socialism in the USSR
 L   Lenin’s Political Testament
 L   Lenin’s Teaching on the World Economy and Its Relevance to Our Times
 L   Lenin’s Theory of Non-capitalist Development and the Experience of Mongolia:
 L   Lenin’s Theory of Revolution
 L   Lenin: A Biography
 L   Lenin: A Short Biography., V.I.
 L   Lenin: Comrade and man
 L   Lenin: Great and Human
 L   Lenin: His life and work: Documents and photographs, V.I.
 L   Lenin: Revolution and the World Today
 L   Lenin: The Founder of the Soviet Armed Forces
 L   Lenin: The Great Theoretician.
 L   Lenin: The Revolutionary.
 L   Lenin: The Story of His Life, V. I.
 L   Lenin: Youth and The Future
 L   Lenin: a Biography
 L   Leningrad Does Not Surrender
 L   Leninism and Contemporary Problems of the Transition from Capitalism to Socialism.
 L   Leninism and Modern China’s Problems
 L   Leninism and Revolution: Reply to Critics
 L   Leninism and Today’s Problems of the Transition to Socialism
 L   Leninism and the Agrarian Peasant Question in Two Volumes: Volume One:
 L   Leninism and the Agrarian Peasant Question in Two Volumes: Volume Two:
 L   Leninism and the Battle of Ideas.
 L   Leninism and the National Question
 L   Leninism and the Revolutionary Process
 L   Leninism and the World Revolutionary Working-Class Movement (1971):
 L   Leninism and the World Revolutionary Working-Class Movement (1976):
 L   Leninism: The Banner of Liberation and Progress of Nations
 L   Leninist Standards of Party Life.
 L   Leninist Theory of Reflection and the Present Day, The
 L   Leninist Theory of Revolution and Social Psychology
 L   Leninist Theory of Socialist Revolution and the Contemporary World.

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 L   Let Us Live in Peace and Friendship


 L   Let the Blood of Man Not Flow
 L   Let the Living Remember: Soviet War Poetry
 L   Letters From the Dead:
 L   Lev Vygotsky.
 L   Liberation Mission of the Soviet Armed Forces in the Second World War
 L   Liberation of Europe, The
 L   Liberation
 L   Lie of a Soviet War Threat, The
 L   Life and Activities of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin: A lofty example of serving mankind, The
 L   Life and Death of Martin Luther King, The
 L   Life and Work of Walt Whitman: A Soviet view
 L   Life of Lenin
 L   Life, Art and America: Narratives and stories, articles
 L   Life, We’re All in It Together
 L   Lifelong Cause, A
 L   Literature and the New Thinking
 L   Living Ocean, The
 L   Living and Effective Teaching of Marxism-Leninism:, The
 L   Logic Made Simple: A dictionary
 L   Logic
 L   Lomonosov’s Philosophy
 L   Long Road: Sino-Russian economic contacts from ancient times to 1917, The
 L   Looking Into the Future
 M   Macro-Economic Models
 M   Mad Love
 M   Made in USSR
 M   Mahitahi = Work Together: Some peoples of the Soviet Union
 M   Main Trends in Philosophy: A theoretical analysis of the history of philosophy., The
 M   Major Ethnosocial Trends in the USSR
 M   Making of the Marxist Philosophy from Idealism and Revolutionary Democracy to Dialectical Materialism and Scientific Communism, The
 M   Man After Work: Social problems of daily life and leisure time.
 M   Man At Work: The Scientific and Technological Revolution, the Soviet Working Class and Intelligentsia
 M   Man and His Stages of Life
 M   Man and Man’s World: the categories of “man” and “world” in the system of scientific world outlooks
 M   Man and Nature: The ecological crisis and social progress
 M   Man and Sea Warfare
 M   Man and Society
 M   Man and the Scientific and Technological Revolution
 M   Man as the Object of Education: An Essay in Pedagogical Anthropology (Selected extracts)
 M   Man at the Limit: Eye-witness reports
 M   Man’s Dreams are Coming True.
 M   Man’s Potential: Sketches
 M   Man’s Road to Progress: Talks on political topics 
 M   Man, Science and Society
 M   Man, Science, Humanism: A New Synthesis
 M   Man, Society and the Environment:
 M   Man: His Behaviour and Social Relations
 M   Management of Socialist Production
 M   Mankind and the Year 2000: Current problems
 M   Manoeuvre in Modern Land Wafare
 M   Manpower Resources and Population Under Socialism
 M   Manzhou Rule in China
 M   Mao Tse-Tung: A political portrait
 M   Mao Tse-Tung: An ideological and psychological portrait
 M   Mao’s Betrayal
 M   Maoism As It Really Is:
 M   Maoism Through the Eyes of Communists
 M   Maoism Unmasked: Collection of Soviet Press Articles
 M   Maoism and Its Policy of Splitting the National Liberation Movement
 M   Maoism and Mao’s Heirs
 M   Maoism: The Curse of China
 M   Market of Socialist Economic Integration: Selected conference papers, The
 M   Marshal of the Soviet Union G. Zhukov (Volume 2):
 M   Marx & Engles Collected Works
 M   Marx • Engels • Marxism [Lenin]
 M   Marx Engels On Religion
 M   Marx and Engels Through the Eyes of Their Contemporaries
 M   Marx’s “Critique of the Gotha Programme”
 M   Marx’s Theory of Commodity and Surplus-Value: Formalised exposition
 M   Marxism and the Renegade Garaudy

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 M   Marxism-Leninism on Proletarian Internationalism


 M   Marxism-Leninism on War and Army
 M   Marxism-Leninism on War and Peace
 M   Marxism-Leninism on the Non-Capitalist Way
 M   Marxism-Leninism: A Flourishing Science
 M   Marxism-Leninism: The International teaching of the working class
 M   Marxist Conception of Law, The
 M   Marxist Philosophy at the Leninist Stage
 M   Marxist Philosophy: A Popular Outline.
 M   Marxist Philosophy
 M   Marxist-Leninist Aesthetics and Life:
 M   Marxist- Leninist Aesthetics and the Arts
 M   Marxist-Leninist Philosophy (1978)
 M   Marxist-Leninist Philosophy (1980)
 M   Marxist- Leninist Philosophy: Diagrams, tables, illustrations for students of Marxist-Leninist theory.
 M   Marxist- Leninist Teaching of Socialism and the World Today, The
 M   Marxist-Leninist Theory of Society:, The
 M   Mass Information in the Service of Peace and Progress
 M   Mass Media in the USSR
 M   Mass Organisations in the U.S.S.R.
 M   Materialism and the Dialectical Method ( by Cornforth 1971)
 M   Materialismus Militans: Reply to Mr. Bogdanov
 M   Maxim Gorky Letters
 M   Maxim Litvinov
 M   May Day Traditions
 M   Meaning and Conceptual Systems.
 M   Meaning of Life, The
 M   Mechanisation of Soviet Agriculture: The economic effect, The
 M   Meeting of European Communist and Workers’ Parties for Peace and Disarmament, Paris, 28–29 April, 1980
 M   Meeting of Representatives of the Parties and Movements participating in the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution
 M   Meeting the Challenge: Soviet youth in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945
 M   Meetings with Sholokhov
 M   Memoirs of Wartime Minister of Navy
 M   Men at War
 M   Methodology of History
 M   Methodology of Law
 M   Middle East: Oil and Policy, The
 M   Mikhail Bulgakov and His Times: Memoirs, Letters
 M   Milestones of Soviet Foreign Policy 1917–1967.
 M   Militant Solidarity, Fraternal Assistance:
 M   Militarism and Science
 M   Militarism in Peking’s Policies
 M   Military-Industrial Complex of the USA, The
 M   Millionaires and Managers
 M   Miracle of the Age
 M   Moby Dick, or the Whale
 M   Modern History of China., The
 M   Modern History of the Arab Countries
 M   Modern History, 1640–1870
 M   Modern State and Politics, The
 M   Modern Theories of International Economic Relations
 M   Moiseyev’s Dance Company
 M   Monetary Crisis Of Capitalism: Origin, Development
 M   Monism and Pluralism in Ideology and in Politics (Abridged).
 M   Monopoly Press: Or, How American journalism found itself in the vicious circle of the “crisis of credibility”, The
 M   Morality and Politics: Critical essays on contemporary views about the relationship between morality and politics in bourgeois sociology 
 M   Moscow Diary, A
 M   Moscow Soviet, The
 M   Moscow, Stalingrad, 1941–1942: Recollections, stories, reports.
 M   Multilateral Economic Co-Operation of Socialist States:, The
 M   Music Education in the Modern World:
 M   Musical Journey Through the Soviet Union, A
 M   My Day and Age: selected poems
 M   Mysteries of the Deeps [i.E. Deep]:
 M   Mystery of Pearl Harbor: Facts and Theories, The
 M   Myth About Soviet Threat: cui bono?
 M   Myth, Philosophy, Avant-Gardism:
 N   N. Lobachevsky and His Contribution to Science
 N   Namibia, A Struggle for Independence:
 N   National Economic Planning
 N   National Folk Sports in the USSR

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 N   National Languages in the USSR: Problems and Solutions


 N   National Liberation Movement in West Africa
 N   National Liberation Revolutions Today: Part I:
 N   National Liberation Revolutions Today: Part II
 N   National Liberation: Essays on Theory and Practice
 N   National Sovereignty and the Soviet State
 N   Nationalities Question: Lenin’s Approach:, The
 N   Nations and Internationalism
 N   Nations and Social Progress
 N   Nato: A Bleak Picture
 N   Nato: Threat to World Peace
 N   Nature Reserves in the USSR
 N   Nature of Science: An epistemological analysis., The
 N   Nearest Neighbour is 170 KM Away: A journey into the Soviet Union, The
 N   Neo-Colonialism on the Warpath
 N   Neo-Freudians In Search of “Truth”.
 N   Neocolonialism and Africa in the 1970s
 N   Neocolonialism: Methods and manoeuvres.
 N   Nep, a Modern View
 N   Never Say Die
 N   New Approach to Economic Integration, A
 N   New Constitution of the USSR, The
 N   New Information Order or Psychological Warfare?, A
 N   New International Economic Order
 N   New Life Begun: Prose, poetry and essays of the 1920s–1930s, A
 N   New Realities and the Struggle of Ideas
 N   New Scramble for Africa, The
 N   New Soviet Legislation on Marriage and the Family
 N   Newly Free Countries in the Seventies, The
 N   Nihilism Today.
 N   Nikolai Miklouho-Maclay: Traveller, scientist and humanist
 N   Nikolai Vavilov: The Great Sower:
 N   Nine Modern Soviet Plays
 N   Nineteenth Century American Short Stories
 N   Non-Capitalist Development: An Historical Outline
 N   Non-aligned Movement, The
 N   Noncapitalist Way: Soviet Experience and the Liberated Countries, The
 N   Normalization of World Trade and the Monetary Problem
 N   North Russian Architecture
 N   Not For War We Raise Our Sons: A collection of letters to the Soviet Peace Fund and the Soviet Women’s Committee
 N   Notes on Indian History (664–1858)
 N   Nuclear Disarmament
 N   Nuclear Engineering Before and After Chernobyl:
 N   Nuclear Space Age: The Soviet viewpoint, The
 N   Nuclear Strategy and Common Sense
 N   Nuclear WAR: THE MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES
 N   Nuremberg Epilogue, The
 O   Ocean and Its Resources
 O   October Revolution and Africa, The
 O   October Revolution and the Arts:, The
 O   October Revolution and the Working-Class, National Liberal, and General Democratic Movements, The
 O   October Storm and After:, The
 O   October Storm and After:, The
 O   Of Human Values: Soviet literature today
 O   Old, the New, the Eternal: Reflections on art, The
 O   On Communist Education
 O   On Education: Selected articles and speeches
 O   On Historical Materialism • A Collection [Marx-Engels-Lenin]
 O   On Just and Unjust Wars
 O   On Labour-Oriented Education and Instruction
 O   On Literature and Art
 O   On Proletarian Internationalism
 O   On Relations Between Socialist and Developing Countries
 O   On The Art and Craft of Writing
 O   On The Principle Of Mutual Advantage:
 O   On a Military Mission to Great Britain and the USA
 O   On the “Manifesto of the Communisty Party” of Marx and Engels
 O   On the Communist Programme
 O   On the Edge of an Abyss: From Truman to Reagan, the doctrines and realitites of the Nuclear Age
 O   On the Eve of World War II: A foreign policy study
 O   On the Intelligentsia

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 O   On the International Working-Class and Communist Movement


 O   On the Paris Commune
 O   On the Path of Cultural Progress: Culture of the socialist world
 O   On the Side of a Just Cause: Soviet assistance to the heroic Vietnamese people
 O   On the Soviet State Apparatus
 O   On the Threshold of the Twenty-First Century: The technological revolution and literature
 O   On the Track of Discovery. [Series 1] [n.d. [1960’s]]:
 O   On the Unity of the International Communist Movement
 O   On the Upgrade: Living standards in the Soviet Union
 O   On the Way to Knowledge: Man, the Earth, outer space, acceleration
 O   One Is Not Born a Personality.
 O   One True Luxury: Research into communication pattern of Soviet schoolchildren, The
 O   One Way Ticket to Democracy:
 O   Optimal Functioning System for a Socialist Economy
 O   Orbits of the Global Economy, The
 O   Organisation and Management: A sociological analysis of Western theories
 O   Organisation of Domestic Trade in the USSR
 O   Organisation of Industry and Construction in the USSR
 O   Organisation of Statistics in the U.S.S.R.
 O   Organisation of Statistics in the USSR
 O   Organization of African Unity: 25 years of struggle
 O   Organizations: Communist Party, USA
 O   Origin and Principles of Scientific Socialism
 O   Origin of Man, The
 O   Origin of the Human Race., The
 O   Origins of the Proletariat and Its Evolution as a Revolutionary Class, The
 O   Our Course: Peace and Socialism
 O   Our Course: Peace and Socialism
 O   Our Lives, Our Dreams: Soviet women speak:
 O   Our Rights: Political and economic guarantees:
 O   Outer Space: Politics and law
 O   Outline History of Africa, An
 O   Outline History of the Communist International (1971)
 O   Outline History of the Soviet Working Class
 O   Outline Political History of the Americas
 O   Outline Theory of Population, An
 O   Outline of Soviet Labour Law, An
 O   Overseas Chinese Bourgeoisie: A Peking tool in southeast Asia.
 O   Overseas Expansion of Capital:, The
 P   Pacific Community: An Outlook, The
 P   Palekh: Village of Artists
 P   Palestine Problem: Aggression, resistance, ways of settlement, The
 P   Palestine Question: Document adopted by the United Nations and other international organisations and conferences, The
 P   Panorama of the Soviet Union
 P   Part Played By Labour in the Transition from Ape to Man, The
 P   Passing Age: The ideology and culture of the late bourgeois epoch, The
 P   Path of Valour., The
 P   Path to Peace: A view from Moscow, The
 P   Patrice Lumumba: Fighter for Africa’s freedom
 P   Peace Prospects From Three Worlds
 P   Peace Strategy in the Nuclear Age
 P   Peace and Disarmament. Academic Studies. 1980
 P   Peace and Disarmament. Academic Studies. 1982
 P   Peace and Disarmament. Academic Studies. 1984
 P   Peace and Disarmament: Academic Studies, special issue 1987:
 P   Peace and Disarmament
 P   Peaceful Coexistence: Contemporary international law of peaceful coexistence
 P   Peking Reaches Out: A Study of Chinese Expansionism
 P   People’s Army, The
 P   People’s Control in Socialist Society
 P   People’s Democracy, A New Form of Political Organization of Society
 P   People’s Theater: From the Box Office to the Stage
 P   Peoples of the North and Their Road to Socialism, The
 P   Perestroika In Action:
 P   Perestroika: The Crunch is Now
 P   Permanent Blush of Shame: A Trip to the East and West, A
 P   Personal Property in the USSR
 P   Personal Subsidiary Farming Under Socialism
 P   Petty-Bourgeois Revolutionism (Anarchism, Trotskyism and Maoism)
 P   Phenomenon of the Soviet Cinema
 P   Philosophical Conception of Man:, The

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 P   Philosophical Concepts in Natural Science.


 P   Philosophical Foundations of Scientific Socialism
 P   Philosophical Problems of Elementary Particle Physics
 P   Philosophical Traditions Today.
 P   Philosophical Views of Mao Tse-Tung: A Critical Analysis, The
 P   Philosophy and Scientific Cognition
 P   Philosophy and Social Theory: An Introduction to Historical Materialism
 P   Philosophy and Sociology.
 P   Philosophy and the Ecological Problems of Civilisation
 P   Philosophy and the World-Views of Modern Sciences
 P   Philosophy in the USSR: Problems of dialectical materialism.
 P   Philosophy of Dialectical Materialism., The
 P   Philosophy of Optimism: Current problems
 P   Philosophy of Revolt: Criticism of left radical ideology., The
 P   Philosophy of Survival, The
 P   Philososphy in the USSR: Problems of historical materialism
 P   Physics of Interstellar Space: A popular-science outline
 P   Pioneers of Space
 P   Plain-Spoken Facts, The
 P   Planet of Reason: A Sociological Study of Man-Nature Relationship, The
 P   Planning a Socialist Economy
 P   Planning a Socialist Economy
 P   Planning a Socialist Economy
 P   Planning in Developing Countries: Theory and methodology
 P   Planning in the USSR: Problems of theory and organisation
 P   Planning of Manpower in the Soviet Union
 P   Plato
 P   Please Accept my Donation: Collection of Letters to the Soviet Peace Fund
 P   Pluto’s Chain: Explorations of the Kamchatka-Kuril volcanic belt 
 P   Polar Diaries
 P   Policy Keeping the World on Edge, A
 P   Policy of Peaceful Coexistence in Action, The
 P   Policy of Provocation and Expansion: A collection of documents and articles, published in the Soviet press, dealing with China’s policy of annexation and its territorial claims to other countries, A
 P   Policy of the Soviet Union in the Arab World:, The
 P   Politcal Economy (1983)
 P   Political Consciousness in the U.S.A.: Traditions and evolutions.
 P   Political Economy (1989)
 P   Political Economy of Capitalism (1974), The
 P   Political Economy of Capitalism (1985)
 P   Political Economy of Revolution:, The
 P   Political Economy of Socialism (1967)
 P   Political Economy of Socialism (1985)
 P   Political Economy: A Condensed Course
 P   Political Economy: A beginner’s course
 P   Political Economy: A study aid
 P   Political Economy: Capitalism
 P   Political Economy: Socialism.
 P   Political Map of the World, The
 P   Political Reality and Political Consciousness.
 P   Political Systems, Development Trends: Theme of the 11th World Congress of political sciences
 P   Political Terms: A short guide
 P   Political Terrorism: An Indictment of Imperialism.
 P   Political Thought of Ancient Greece
 P   Political Work in the Soviet Army
 P   Politico-Economic Problems of Capitalism.
 P   Population Biology: Progress and problems of studies on natural populations
 P   Population and Socio-Economic Development
 P   Population of the USSR: A socio-economic survey, The
 P   Population, Economics, and Politics: The socio-economic development of the European members of the CMEA
 P   Populism: Its past, present and future.
 P   Present-Day China: Socio-economic problems, collected articles.
 P   Present- Day Ethnic Processes in the USSR
 P   Present- Day Problems in Asia and Africa: Theory - Politics - Personalities
 P   Present- day Non-Marxist Political Economy:
 P   Press Is a Great Force, The
 P   Prevent War, Safeguard Peace. [ca. 1962]
 P   Prevention of War: Doctrines, concepts, prospects
 P   Principles of Criminology, The
 P   Principles of Philosophy, The
 P   Principles of the Theory of Historical Process in Philosophy.
 P   Priorities of Soviet Foreign Policy Today, The

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 P   Privileged Generation: Children in the Soviet Union, The


 P   Problem of the Ideal: The nature of mind and its relationship to the brain and social medium, The
 P   Problems of Africa Today
 P   Problems of Common Security
 P   Problems of Contemporary Aesthetics: A collection of articles
 P   Problems of Leninism
 P   Problems of Modern Aesthetics:
 P   Problems of Socialist Theory
 P   Problems of Soviet School Education
 P   Problems of War and Peace: A critical analysis of bourgeois theories.
 P   Problems of the Communist Movement: Some Questions of Theory and Method.
 P   Problems of the Development of Mind.
 P   Problems of the History of Philosophy.
 P   Proceedings of the First Congress of the Yemeni Socialist Party:
 P   Profession of the Stage-Director, The
 P   Profiles in Labour: Essays about heroes of socialist labour
 P   Programme of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union:, The
 P   Protestant Ethic and the “Spirit” of Capitalism and Other Writings, The
 P   Psychiatry
 P   Psychological Research in USSR: Volume 1
 P   Psychological War, The
 P   Psychology (1989)
 P   Psychology As You May Like It
 P   Psychology in the Soviet Union: A Historical Outline.
 P   Psychology of Experiencing: An analysis of how critical situations are dealt with, The
 P   Psychology of Learning: Theories of learning and programmed instruction, The
 P   Psychology of Management of Labour Collectives, The
 P   Psychology of Phantasy:, The
 P   Psychology of Thinking, The
 P   Public Education in Soviet Azerbaijan: Appraisal of an achievement
 P   Public Education in the U.S.S.R.
 P   Public Enterprises in Developing Countries: Legal status
 P   Public Sector in Developing Countries:, The
 P   Publishing in the Soviet Union
 P   Pulse of Time, The
 Q   Questions of the Methodology of History:
 R   R&D in Social Reproduction.
 R   Races and Peoples: Contemporary ethnic and racial problems.
 R   Races of Mankind, The
 R   Racism: An ideological weapon of imperialism.
 R   Rational Utilization of Natural Resources and the Protection of the Environment, The
 R   Re-reading Dostoyevsky
 R   Reader on Social Sciences (ABC #1), A
 R   Reader on the History of the USSR (1917–1937)., A
 R   Real Socialism and Ideological Struggle
 R   Real Truth: Profiles of Soviet Jews, The
 R   Recent History of the Labor Movement in the United States 1918–1939
 R   Recent History of the Labor Movement in the United States 1939–1965
 R   Recent History of the Labor Movement in the United States 1965–1980
 R   Recreational Geography in the USSR
 R   Red Carnation., The
 R   Red Star and Green Crescent
 R   Reflections on Security in the Nuclear Age: A Dialogue Between Generals East and West
 R   Relativity and Man
 R   Religion and Social Conflicts in the U.S.A.
 R   Religion in the World Today
 R   Remarkable Year: The Blue Notebook: Retracing Lenin’s Steps., A
 R   Reminiscences of a Kremlin Commandant. [no date, ca. 1965.]
 R   Rendezvous in Space: Soyuz Apollo
 R   Renovation of Traditions: (traditions and innovations of Socialist realism in Ukrainian prose)
 R   Report of the Central Committee of the CPSU to the XXVI Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the Immediate Tasks of the Party in Home and Foreign Policy
 R   Report to the Nineteenth Party Congress on the Work of the Central Committee of the C.P.S.U.(B.)
 R   Requirements of Developed Socialist Society
 R   Responsiblity for War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity:
 R   Resumption and Development of International Economic Relations, The
 R   Retracing Lenin’s Steps
 R   Revolution in Laos: Practice and Prospects
 R   Revolutionaries of India in Soviet Russia: Mainspring of the Communist movement in the East
 R   Revolutionary Battles of the Early 20th Century
 R   Revolutionary COMMUNIST PARTY, USA
 R   Revolutionary Democracy and Communists in the East

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 R   Revolutionary Democracy in Africa


 R   Revolutionary Movement of Our Time and Nationalism., The
 R   Revolutionary Process in the East:, The
 R   Revolutionary Vanguard:, The
 R   Riddle of the Origin of Consciousness., The
 R   Riddle of the Self, The
 R   Riddles of Three Oceans, The
 R   Right of the Accused to Defence in the USSR, The
 R   Right-Wing Revisionism Today
 R   Rights Accruing From Loss of Health
 R   Rights of Soviet Citizens: Collected normative acts
 R   Rights of the Individual in Socialist Society, The
 R   Rise and Fall of the Gunbatsu: A Study in Military History, The
 R   Rise and Growth of the Non-Aligned Movement, The
 R   Rise of Socialist Economy: The experience of the USSR, other socialist, and socialist-oriented developing countries, The
 R   Road to Communism:, The
 R   Road to Great Victory: Soviet Diplomacy 1941–1945
 R   Road to Nirvana, The
 R   Road to Stable Peace in Asia, The
 R   Road to Victory: The Struggle For National Independence, Unity, Peace and Socialism in Vietnam, The
 R   Role of Advanced Ideas in Development of Society
 R   Role of Socialist Consciousness in the Development of Soviet Society, The
 R   Role of the State in Socio-Economic Reforms in Developing Countries, The
 R   Role of the State in the Socialist Transformation of the Economy of the U.S.S.R., The
 R   Rules of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
 R   Russia and Her People: Recollections in Tranquillity
 R   Russia and the West: 19th Century
 R   Russian Discovery of America, A
 R   Russian History in Tales
 R   Russian Museum: A Guide, The
 R   Russian Orthodox Church (1982), The
 R   Russian Orthodox Church 10th to 20th Centuries, The
 R   Russian Revolution: The Comic Book Version, The
 R   Russian Revolution: What actually happened?, The
 R   Russian Revolutionary Tradition, The
 R   Russian Thinkers: Essays on Socio–Economic Thought in the 18th and 19th Centuries
 R   Russians Abroad
 S   Sacred Lyre: Essays on the life and work of Alexander Pushkin
 S   Safeguard of Peace: Soviet armed forces:, A
 S   Salyut Project, The
 S   Saturn Is Almost Invisible
 S   Scandinavian Social Democracy Today
 S   School of Classical Dance
 S   Science AT THE CROSS ROADS
 S   Science Fiction and Adventure Stories by Soviet Writers
 S   Science Fiction: English and American Short Stories
 S   Science In Its Youth: Pre-Marxian political economy, A
 S   Science Policy: Problems and trends
 S   Science Serves the Nation:
 S   Science and Morality
 S   Science and Philosophy
 S   Science and Society.
 S   Science and Soviet People’s Education
 S   Science and Technology, Humanism and Progress:
 S   Science in the USSR:
 S   Science, Technology and the Economy
 S   Scientific Communism (1986)
 S   Scientific Communism (A Popular Outline) 
 S   Scientific Communism and Its Falsification by the Renegades
 S   Scientific Communism: A textbook
 S   Scientific Intelligentsia in the USSR: (structure and dynamics of personnel), The
 S   Scientific Management of Society (1971), The
 S   Scientific Management of Society
 S   Scientific and Technical Progress and Socialist Society
 S   Scientific and Technical Progress in the USA:
 S   Scientific and Technical Revolution: Economic aspects
 S   Scientific and Technological Progress and Social Advance
 S   Scientific and Technological Revolution and the Revolution in Education, The
 S   Scientific and Technological Revolution: Its impact on management and education, The
 S   Scientific and Technological Revolution: Its role in today’s world, The
 S   Scientific and Technological Revolution: Social Effects and Prospects, The

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 S   Scientific-Technological Revolution and the Contradictions of Capitalism., The


 S   Sdi: Key to security or disaster
 S   Search in Pedagogics: Discussions of the 1920’s and Early 1930s, A
 S   Second International, 1889–1914: The History and heritage, The
 S   Second Session of the Supreme Soviet of the U.S.S.R.:
 S   Second World War: A Politico-Military Survey, The
 S   Secret War Against Cuba
 S   Secret War Against Soviet Russia, The
 S   Secret Weapon in Africa
 S   Secrets from Whitehall and Downing Street
 S   Secrets of the Second World War.
 S   Seeking Rational Solutions: Discussions old and new
 S   Selected Pedagogical Works
 S   Selected Philosophical Works
 S   Selected Speeches and Articles
 S   Selected Works in Geography
 S   Selected Writings: Linguistics, poetics
 S   Selections from Shaw: A fearless champion of truth.
 S   Selections from Shaw: A fearless champion of truth
 S   Semantic Philosophy of Art
 S   Sentinels of Peace
 S   Sergei Prokofiev: Materials, Articles, Interviews
 S   Serving the People.
 S   Seven Days in May
 S   Seven Essays on Life and Literature
 S   Shakespeare in the Soviet Union: A collection of articles.
 S   Sholokhov: A critical appreciation
 S   Short Course on Political Economy, A
 S   Short Economic History of the USSR, A
 S   Short History of Geographical Science in the Soviet Union, A
 S   Short History of Soviet Society, A
 S   Short History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union., A
 S   Short History of the National-Liberation Movement in East Africa, A
 S   Short History of the USSR (1987), A
 S   Short History of the USSR: A popular outline, A
 S   Short History of the USSR: Part I., A
 S   Short History of the USSR: Part II., A
 S   Short History of the World in Two Volumes, A
 S   Short History of the World in Two Volumes, A
 S   Siberia, 60 Degrees East of Greenwich: Oil and people
 S   Siberia: Achievements, Problems, Solutions
 S   Siberia: Epic of the Century
 S   Silent Death (Chemical weapons/warfare), The
 S   Simon Bolivar
 S   Sino-Soviet Relations 1945-1973:
 S   Sketches of the Soviet Union
 S   Social Democracy and Southern Africa, 1960s–1980s
 S   Social Informaton and the Regulation of Social Development
 S   Social Insurance in the U.S.S.R.
 S   Social Organisations in the Soviet Union: Political and legal organisational aspects
 S   Social Partnership or Class Struggle?: Theory, Legislation & Practice
 S   Social Problems of Man’s Environment: Where We Live and Work
 S   Social Programme of the Ninth Five-Year Plan
 S   Social Psychology and History
 S   Social Psychology and Propaganda
 S   Social Psychology
 S   Social Science
 S   Social Sciences: Information system., The
 S   Social Security in the USSR
 S   Social Structure of Soviet Society, The
 S   Social and Economic Geography: An essay in conceptual terminological systematisation
 S   Social and State Structure of the U.S.S.R., The
 S   Socialism As a Social System
 S   Socialism Theory and Practice:
 S   Socialism and Capitalism: Score and Prospects
 S   Socialism and Communism: Selected passages, 1956–63
 S   Socialism and Communism
 S   Socialism and Culture: A collection of articles
 S   Socialism and Democracy: A Reply to opportunists
 S   Socialism and Energy Resources
 S   Socialism and Humanism

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 S   Socialism and Law: Law in society


 S   Socialism and Optimism
 S   Socialism and State Administration
 S   Socialism and Wealth
 S   Socialism and the Individual
 S   Socialism and the Newly Independent Nations
 S   Socialism and the Rational Needs of the Individual
 S   Socialism and the State
 S   Socialism in the USSR: How it was built
 S   Socialism’s Historic Mission and the World Today
 S   Socialism: A new theoretical vision
 S   Socialism: Crisis or renewal?
 S   Socialism: Foreign Policy in Theory and Practice 
 S   Socialism: Its Role in History.
 S   Socialism: One-party and multi-party system
 S   Socialism: Questions of Theory
 S   Socialist Community at a New Stage, The
 S   Socialist Community: A new type of relations among nations, The
 S   Socialist Countries’ Economy in the 1970s, The
 S   Socialist Countries: Important Changes, The
 S   Socialist Culture and Man
 S   Socialist Democracy: Aspects of theory
 S   Socialist Humanism, Culture, Personality:
 S   Socialist Ideal and Real Socialism, The
 S   Socialist Ideology
 S   Socialist Integration
 S   Socialist International, The
 S   Socialist Internationalism (1978)
 S   Socialist Internationalism: Theory and practice of international relations of a new type
 S   Socialist Life Style and the Family
 S   Socialist Literatures, Problems of Development
 S   Socialist Long-Term Economic Planning.
 S   Socialist Management: The Leninist concept.
 S   Socialist Nationalisation of Industry.
 S   Socialist Organisation of Labour
 S   Socialist Policy of Peace: Theory and practice
 S   Socialist Realism and the Modern Literary Process
 S   Socialist Realism in Literature and Art:
 S   Socialist Revolution [MarxEngels], The
 S   Socialist Revolution and Its Defense, The
 S   Socialist Revolution in Russia and the Intelligentsia, The
 S   Socialist Revolution in Russia and the International Working Class (1917–1923), The
 S   Socialist Self-Government
 S   Socialist Society In the Present Stage: Proceedings of a section meeting
 S   Socialist Society: Its social justice
 S   Socialist Society: Scientific principles of development
 S   Socialist Way of Development in Agriculture, The
 S   Socialist Way of Life: Problems and perspectives
 S   Socialist World System, The
 S   Socialist- Oriented State: Instrument of Revolutionary Change, A
 S   Society and Economic Relations
 S   Society and Individual: Give and take
 S   Society and Nature: Socio-ecological problems
 S   Society and Youth
 S   Society and the Environment: A Soviet view
 S   Society of the Future
 S   Sociological Theory and Social Practice:
 S   Sociology of Culture, The
 S   Sociology of Revolution: A Marxist view
 S   Sociology: Problems of theory and method.
 S   Soldier’s Duty, A
 S   Soldier’s Memoirs:, A
 S   Solving the National Question in the USSR
 S   Some Aspects of Party-Political Work in the Soviet Armed Forces
 S   Some Basic Rights of Soviet Citizens
 S   Some Questions Concerning the Struggle of Counter-Revolutionary Trotskyism Against Revolutionary Leninism
 S   South Africa Against Africa, 1966–1986
 S   Southeast Asia: History, economy, policy.
 S   Southern Africa: Apartheid, Colonialism, Aggression.
 S   Soviet Agriculture
 S   Soviet Ambassador Reports Back, The

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 S   Soviet Armed Forces Yesterday and Today, The


 S   Soviet Army, The
 S   Soviet Banker’s Notes, A
 S   Soviet Circus: A Collection of articles, The
 S   Soviet Collective Farm (a sociological study), The
 S   Soviet Communist Forum: (World response to the 25th CPSU congress)
 S   Soviet Constitution and the Myths of Sovietologists, The
 S   Soviet Constitution: A dictionary, The
 S   Soviet Court, The
 S   Soviet Democracy and Bourgeois Sovietology
 S   Soviet Democracy in the Period of Developed Socialism
 S   Soviet Economic Reform: Progress and problems.
 S   Soviet Economy Forges Ahead: Ninth five-year plan 1971–1975.
 S   Soviet Economy: Results and prospects
 S   Soviet Employee’s Rights in Law
 S   Soviet Family Budgets
 S   Soviet Finance: Principles, Operation
 S   Soviet Financial System
 S   Soviet Fine Arts
 S   Soviet Foreign Policy Volume I:
 S   Soviet Foreign Policy Volume II:
 S   Soviet Foreign Policy: A brief review 1955–65.
 S   Soviet Foreign Policy: Objectives and principles
 S   Soviet Foreign Trade: Today and tomorrow
 S   Soviet Form of Popular Government, The
 S   Soviet Frontiers of Tomorrow
 S   Soviet General Staff at War 1941–1945: Book 1, The
 S   Soviet General Staff at War 1941–1945: Book 2, The
 S   Soviet Geographical Explorations and Discoveries
 S   Soviet Geography Today: Aspects of theory
 S   Soviet Geography Today: Physical Geography
 S   Soviet Historical Science: New research
 S   Soviet Industry
 S   Soviet Land Legislation.
 S   Soviet Legislation on Children’s Rights.
 S   Soviet Legislation on Women’s Rights:
 S   Soviet Literature–Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow
 S   Soviet Literature: Problems and People
 S   Soviet Lithuania on the Road to Prosperity
 S   Soviet Man: The making of a socialist type of personality
 S   Soviet Nationalities and Policy and Bourgeois Historians: The formation of the Soviet multinational state (1917–1922) in contemporary American historiography
 S   Soviet Navy in War and Peace, The
 S   Soviet North: In the Land of the Midnight Sun; the Arctic; News from High Latitudes
 S   Soviet North: Present Development and Prospects, The
 S   Soviet Officers
 S   Soviet Parliament: A reference book, The
 S   Soviet Peace Efforts on the Eve of World War II
 S   Soviet Peace Efforts on the Eve of World War II
 S   Soviet Peace Policy, 1917–1939
 S   Soviet Peasantry: An outline history (1917–1970), The
 S   Soviet People as I Knew Them
 S   Soviet People: A new historical community, The
 S   Soviet Planned Economy, The
 S   Soviet Policy for Asian Peace and Security
 S   Soviet Political System Under Developed Socialism, The
 S   Soviet Political System: Perceptions and perspectives
 S   Soviet Psychology
 S   Soviet Reality in the Seventies
 S   Soviet Rock: 25 Years in the Underground + 5 Years of Freedom
 S   Soviet Russia Opts for Peace
 S   Soviet Russian Literature 1917–1977: Poetry and Prose - Selected Reading
 S   Soviet Russian Stories of the 1960s and 1970s
 S   Soviet Scene 1987: A collection of press articles and interviews
 S   Soviet School of Courage and Warcraft, The
 S   Soviet Science and Technique in the Service of Building Communism in the U.S.S.R.
 S   Soviet Socialist Democracy
 S   Soviet Society: Philosophy of Development
 S   Soviet Stars in the World of Music
 S   Soviet State and Law., The
 S   Soviet State as a Subject of Civil Law, The
 S   Soviet State, The

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 S   Soviet Trade Unions: A collection of background materials, The


 S   Soviet Trade Unions: Yesterday Today Tomorrow
 S   Soviet Ukraine
 S   Soviet Union 50 Years Statistical Returns
 S   Soviet Union Today, The
 S   Soviet Union and Africa, The
 S   Soviet Union and European Security, The
 S   Soviet Union and International Economic Cooperation, The
 S   Soviet Union and the Manchurian Revolutionary Base (1945–1949), The
 S   Soviet Union as Americans See It 1917–1977, The
 S   Soviet Union: Political and Economic Reference Book.
 S   Soviet Volunteers in China 1925–1945
 S   Soviet Way of Life, The
 S   Soviet Women (Some aspects of the status of women in the USSR)
 S   Soviet Women: A portrait.
 S   Soviet Worker, The
 S   Soviet Writers Look At America
 S   Soviet Youth and Socialism.
 S   Soviet Youth: A socio-political outline.
 S   Soviet–U.S. Relations, 1933–1942
 S   Soviets of People’s Deputies: Democracy and administration
 S   Soviets of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies on the Eve of the October Revolution, March–October 1917
 S   Soweto: Life and Struggles of a South African Township
 S   Space Age, The
 S   Space Flights Serve Life on Earth
 S   Specialisation and Co-Operation of the Socialist Economies
 S   Sport and Society
 S   Stanislavsky
 S   State Law of the Socialist Countries: Socialism Today, The
 S   State Monopoly Capitalism and Labour Law
 S   State Monopoly Incomes Policy: Conception and Practice (In the Context of Great Britain)
 S   State Property in the USSR: Legal aspects
 S   State Structure of the USSR
 S   State and Communism, The
 S   State and Nations in the USSR, The
 S   State of Israel: A Historical, Economic and Political Study , The
 S   State, Democracy and Legality in the USSR: Lenin’s ideas today, The
 S   State-Monopoly Capitalism and the Labour Theory of Value.
 S   Steeled in the Storm: Essays on the history of the Komsomol
 S   Steep Steps: A Journalist’s Notes, The
 S   Stories About Lenin and the Revolution
 S   Stories About the Party of Communists Under Whose Leadership the Peoples of Russia Overthrew...
 S   Straight from the Heart: The writer and the time series
 S   Strategy of Economic Development in the USSR, The
 S   Strategy of Transnational Corporations, The
 S   Stride Across a Thousand Years:, A
 S   Strong in Spirit, The
 S   Struggle for Socialism in the World
 S   Studies in Psychology: The collective and the individual.
 S   Study of Soviet Foreign Policy, A
 S   Subject, Object, Cognition.
 S   Submarines in Arctic Waters
 S   Sukhomlinsky on Education, V.
 S   Surrealism
 S   System of Physical Education in the USSR, The
 S   Systems Theory: Philosophical and Methodological Problems
 C   Cp of China :: THE POLEMIC ON THE GENERAL LINE OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIST MOVEMENT
 T   Tales of the Ancient World:
 T   Talking About the Future: Can We Develop Without Disaster
 T   Talking About the Future: Is Mankind Heading for a Raw Materials Crisis?
 T   Talks on Soviet Democracy.
 T   Teacher’s Experience: Stanislav Shatsky: A collection, A
 T   Teaching of Political Economy: A critique of non-Marxian theories, The
 T   Teaching: Calling and skills.
 T   Teaching
 T   Technological Neo-colonialism
 T   Tehran, Yalta and Potsdam Conferences., The
 T   Television In the West and Its Doctrines.
 T   Ten Years of the Ethiopian Revolution
 T   Territorial Industrial Complexes: Optimisation models and general aspects
 T   Territorial Organisation of Soviet Economy, The

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 T   Terrorism and International Law


 T   That Curious World of Nature: Geography for entertainment
 T   The LAND OF SOCIALISM TODAY TOMORROW
 T   The POLICY OF NON-ALIGNMENT
 T   Theatre, Music, Art (1967–1970)
 T   Their Point of View: Young Americans in the USSR
 T   Theoretical Aspects of Linguistics
 T   Theoretical Physics
 T   Theories of Surplus Value:
 T   Theory and Practice of Proletarian Internationalism, The
 T   Theory and Tactics of the International Communist Movement
 T   Theory of Earth’s Origin: Four lectures
 T   Theory of Growth of a Socialist Economy, The
 T   Theory of Knowledge ( by Cornforth ), The
 T   Theory of Population: Essays in Marxist research., The
 T   Theory of the State and Law
 T   There Shall be Retribution: Nazi war criminals and their protectors
 T   They Came to Stay: North Americans in the USSR
 T   They Found Their Voice: Stories from Soviet Nationalities with No Written Language Before the 1917 October Revolution
 T   They Knew Lenin: Reminiscenses of Foreign Contemporaries 
 T   They Sealed Their Own Doom
 T   Third Soviet Generation
 T   Third World War? Threats, real, and imaginary, A
 T   Third World: Problems and Prospects, current stage of the national-liberation struggle, The
 T   Thirty Years of Victory
 T   This Amazing Amazing Amazing But Knowable Universe
 T   This NATION AND SOCIALISM ARE ONE
 T   This Nation and Socialism Are One
 T   This Whole Human Rights Business
 T   This is My Native Land: A Soviet journalists travels
 T   Three Centuries of Russian Poetry
 T   Three Leaders: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi
 T   Three Men in a Boat to Say Nothing of the Dog
 T   Through the Russian Revolution
 T   Time For a New Way of Thinking
 T   Time to Speak Out, The
 T   To Be an Individual–Is It the Lot of Only a Chosen Few?
 T   To Children I Give My Heart
 T   Tomorrow Will Be Too Late: Dialogue on the threshold of the third millennium
 T   Topsy-Turvy Planet, or, Paramon’s Incredible Tale of Travel and Adventure, A
 T   Towards Freedom and Progress: The triumph of Soviet power in Central Asia
 T   Towards Social Homogeneity
 T   Towards Technologies of the Future
 T   Towns for People
 T   Tracing Martin Bormann
 T   Trade Among Capitalist Countries
 T   Trade Unions in Socialist Society
 T   Trade Unions, Disarmament, Conversion
 T   Trade and Coexistence
 T   Transition from Capitalism to Socialism, The
 T   Transnational Corporations And Militarism
 T   Travel to Distant Worlds
 T   Travels to New Guinea: Diaries Letters Documents.
 T   Tretyakov Art Gallery: A Guide
 T   Triumph of Lenin’s Ideas: Proceedings of Plenary Session
 T   Triumph of the Leninist Ideas of Proletarian Internationalism:
 T   Truth About Afghanistan:, The
 T   Truth About Cultural Exchange: 10 Years After Helsinki, The
 T   Turning-Point of World War II:, The
 T   Twentieth Century Capitalism
 T   Two Directions of Socio-economic Development in Africa
 T   Two Hundred Days of Fire: Accounts by participants and witnesses of the battle of Stalingrad
 T   Two Worlds–Two Monetary Systems
 U   U.S. Budget and Economic Policy.
 U   U.S. Labour Unions Today: Basic problems and trends.
 U   U.S. Military Doctrine, The
 U   U.S. Monopolies and Developing Countries
 U   U.S. Negroes in Battle: From Little Rock to Watts
 U   U.S. Neocolonialism in Africa
 U   U.S. Policies in the Indian Ocean
 U   U.S. Policy in Latin America: Postwar to present.

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 U   U.S. Two-Party System: Past and present:, The


 U   U.S. War Machine and Politics, The
 U   Ultras in the USA., The
 U   Ulyanov Family, The
 U   Unbreakable Union of Soviet Republics, The
 U   Undaunted Heroes: A Vietnam diary, The
 U   Undeclared War: Imperialism vs. Afghanistan:, The
 U   Union of Soviet Writers: Aims, Organisation, Activities, The
 U   United Soviet People, The
 U   Unity, Solidarity, Internationalism: International Communist Unity:
 U   Universe and Civilisation, The
 U   Universe, The
 U   Us Monopolies and Developing Countries
 U   Usa and Western Europe: Economic Relations After World War II, The
 U   Usa versus Western Europe: New Trends
 U   Usa, Western Europe, Japan: a triangle of rivalry, The
 U   Usa: Anatomy of the Arms Race
 U   Usa: Imperialists and Anti-Imperialists: The great foreign policy debate at the turn of the Century
 U   Usa: Militarism and the Economy
 U   Ussr - USA - Sports Encounters
 U   Ussr Builds for the Future, The
 U   Ussr Economy in 1976–1980, The
 U   Ussr Proposes Disarmament (1920s–1980s), The
 U   Ussr State Industry During the Transition Period
 U   Ussr Tenth Five-Year Plan Building Projects
 U   Ussr Through Indian Eyes
 U   Ussr and Countries of Africa
 U   Ussr and Developing Countries: Economic Cooperation, The
 U   Ussr and International Copyright Protection, The
 U   Ussr and International Economic Relations:, The
 U   Ussr in World Politics., The
 U   Ussr–FRG Relations: A new stage
 U   Ussr–USA Trade Unions Compared
 U   Ussr’s Activities in the UN for Peace, Security and Co-Operation, 1945–1985, The
 U   Ussr, Reorganisation and Renewal
 U   Ussr, the USA, and the People’s Revolution in China, The
 U   Ussr: A Dictatorship or a Democracy?, The
 U   Ussr: A Short History., The
 U   Ussr: A Time of Change: Scholars, Writers and Artists Speak
 U   Ussr: A genuine united nations, The
 U   Ussr: A guide for businessmen
 U   Ussr: Education, Science and Culture., The
 U   Ussr: For Peace Against Aggression:
 U   Ussr: Geography of the eleventh five-year plan period
 U   Ussr: Public Health and Social Security., The
 U   Ussr: Questions and Answers
 U   Ussr: Sixty Years of the Union: 1922–1982
 U   Ussr: Youth of the Eighties
 V   Vietnam Story, The
 V   Village Children: A Soviet experience
 V   Vladimir Favorsky
 V   Vladimir Ilyich Lenin: A biography
 V   Vladimir Ilyich Lenin: Life and works
 V   Vladimir Ilyich Lenin: Pages from his life with reminiscences of his associates
 V   Vladimir Ilyich Lenin
 V   Vladimir Mayakovsky: Innovator
 V   Vladimir Vysotsky: Hamlet with a guitar
 W   Wanted...
 W   War Is Their Business: The U.S. Military-Industrial Complex:
 W   War of Ideas in Contemporary International Relations:, The
 W   War’s Unwomanly Face
 W   Wars and Population
 W   Washington Crusaders On the March
 W   Washington Silhouettes: A political round-up
 W   Washington Versus Havana
 W   Way Society Develops, The
 W   We Are From Friendship University [nd (mid 1960s)]
 W   We Choose Peace
 W   Weaponry in Space: The dilemma of security
 W   Welfare the Basic Task: Five Year Plan, 1971–1975
 W   West Berlin: In memory of those Soviet officers and men who fell in the battle to liberate Berlin

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 W   West Berlin: Yesterday and Today


 W   West European Integration: Its policies and international relations
 W   Western Aid: Myth and Reality
 W   Western Europe Today: Economics, politics, the class struggle, international relations
 W   What Are Classes and the Class Struggle? (ABC #14)
 W   What Are They After in Peking?
 W   What Are Trade Unions? (ABC #21)
 W   What If Everything You Thought You Knew About AIDS Was Wrong?
 W   What Is Capitalism? (ABC #8)
 W   What Is Communism? (ABC #10)
 W   What Is Democratic Centralism?
 W   What Is Democratic Socialism?
 W   What Is Dialectical Materialism? (ABC #6)
 W   What Is Good and What is Bad
 W   What Is Historical Materialism? (ABC #7)
 W   What Is Labour? (ABC #11)
 W   What Is Marxism-Leninism? (ABC #2)
 W   What Is Personality? (ABC #23)
 W   What Is Philosophy? (ABC #4)
 W   What Is Political Economy? (ABC #3)
 W   What Is Property? (ABC #13)
 W   What Is Revolution? (ABC #17)
 W   What Is Scientific Communism? (ABC #5)
 W   What Is Socialism? (ABC #9)
 W   What Is Surplus Value? (ABC #12)
 W   What Is The Party? (ABC #15)
 W   What Is The Scientific and Technological Revolution? (ABC #22)
 W   What Is The State? (ABC #16)
 W   What Is The Transition Period? (ABC #18)
 W   What Is The Working People’s Power? (ABC #19)
 W   What Is The World Socialist System? (ABC #20)
 W   What Is What? (ABC #24)
 W   What Maoism is Really Like
 W   What Real Socialism Means to the People:
 W   What’s What in World Politics: A reference book
 W   Where All Roads Into Space Begin:
 W   Where Are Trotskyites Leading the Youth?
 W   Where Human Rights Are Real.
 W   Where It’s Coldest
 W   Where the Old Are Young: Long life in the Soviet Caucasus
 W   White Book:, The
 W   White House and the Black Continent, The
 W   Whither and With Whom? Essays from the ideological front
 W   Who’s Who in the Soviet Cinema: Seventy Different Portraits
 W   Why We Returned to the Soviet Union: Testimonies from Russian emigrés
 W   Wilfred Grenfell: His life and work
 W   Will We Survive?
 W   Winning for Peace: The great victory–its world impact
 W   Winston Churchill
 W   Witness to War:
 W   Women Today
 W   Women in Science
 W   Women in the USSR: On the UN Decade for Women
 W   Women of a New World
 W   Words of Friends: Greetings extended to the XXVIth Congress of the CPSU, The
 W   Work and Love
 W   Workers in Society: Polemical essays
 W   Workers’ Control Over Production: Past and present.
 W   Working Class Movement in the Period of Transition to Imperialism (1871–1904), The
 W   Working Class and Social Progress:, The
 W   Working Class and its Allies, The
 W   Working Class and the Contemporary World:, The
 W   Working Class and the Trade Unions in the USSR:, The
 W   Working Class in Socialist Society:, The
 W   Working Class—The Leading Force of the World Revolutionary Process:, The
 W   Working-Class Movement in the Developmed Capitalist Countries After the Second World War (1945–1979), The
 W   Working-Class Struggle for Peace and Social Progress:, The
 W   Working-Class and National-Liberation Movements:
 W   World Capitalist Economy: Structural changes:, The
 W   World Communist Movement: An outline of strategy and tactics, The
 W   World Energy Problem, The

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]
@LBiz: en/TAZ = Titles A-Z

 W   World MARXIST REVIEW


 W   World Market Today, The
 W   World Revolutionary Movement of the Working Class
 W   World Revolutionary Process, The
 W   World Socialist Movement & Anti-Communism., The
 W   World Socialist System and Anti-Communism, The
 W   World Socialist System:, The
 W   World War II: Myths and the Realities.
 W   World War II: The Decisive Battles of the Soviet Army
 W   World Without Arms?, A
 W   World of Man In the World of Nature, The
 W   Wormwood [Hitler-era anti-semitism & postwar Zionism]
 W   Writer’s Creative Individuality and the Development of Literature, The
 Y   Yakov Sverdlov
 Y   Year 2000: End of the human race?, The
 Y   Year of Victory
 Y   Yellow Devil: Gold and capitalism., The
 Y   Young Communist International and Its Origins, The
 Y   Young Teens Blaze Paths to Peace: The story of the first global children’s festival for peace, friendship co-operation
 Y   Young in the Revolution:, The
 Y   Your First Move: Chess for beginners.
 Y   Youth and Politics
 Y   Youth and the Party: Documents
 Z   Zionism Stands Accused
 Z   Zionism: Enemy of peace and social progress

   
http://leninist.biz/en/TAZ  
leninistbiz 1,800  •  titles in [ en/TAZ ]
 Created : 2011 August 06    •   Refreshed : 23:14:56 288  •  eBooks currently online
 
leninistbiz FREE electronic books ... @Leninist(dot)Biz leninistbiz

http://www.leninist.biz/en/TAZ[2012-12-17 23:14:59]

Вам также может понравиться