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24 DE ABRIL DE 2019
UNIVERSIDAD MANUELA BELTRÁN
Jhonatan Javier Forero Jimenez
Iuspositivismo
El término del iuspositivismo nace de dos expresiones. Estas son Legem ponere, el cual
hace referencia al dictado de las leyes hechas por el hombre; e Iusticia positiva, el cual se
usa para nombrar al conjunto de normas dictadas por el legislador.
Cibergrafía.
Arias, Alberto [Mario Alberto Arias Rivadineyra]. (2015, octubre 12) Positivismo jurídico.
Recuperado de: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ePnjJZHQlOg
Daza, Mario [Mario Daza]. (2016, agosto 18) García Amado explica en que consiste
realmente el iuspositivismo. Recuperado de:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JKm2xQJGoWI
Iuspositivism
The term of iuspositivism is born of two expressions. These are Legem ponere, which refers
to the dictation of laws made by man; and positive justice, which is used to name the set of
rules dictated by the legislator.
In iuspositivism, a process must be carried out in which the most important step is to
establish the judgments of the being and describe the existing law, from which the analysis
of the goodness or badness of the right would arise, generating a section for the judgments
of it must be. In this way the materialized right of a utopian or simply idealized right will
not be confused. Thomas Hobbes clarifies that: "In the natural state, there is no just or
unjust because there are no valid conventions; in the civil state the just and the unjust rests
in the common agreement of the individuals to attribute to the sovereign the power to
decide on the just and the unjust. "
Cybergraphy
Arias, Alberto [Mario Alberto Arias Rivadineyra]. (2015, october 12th) Positivismo
jurídico. Avaliable at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ePnjJZHQlOg
Daza, Mario [Mario Daza]. (2016, august 18th) García Amado explica en que consiste
realmente el iuspositivismo. Avaliable at:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JKm2xQJGoWI
Iusnaturalismo
A partir del estudio etimológico de la palabra, se puede establecer tres partículas. Estas son:
Ius (Derecho), Natural (Naturaleza) e Ismo (movimiento o doctrina).
El iusnaturalismo es una teoría del derecho jurídica, ética y filosófica, que reconoce
derechos impuestos en la naturaleza humana e identificados gracias a su capacidad de
razonar, que son previos al ordenamiento jurídico. Dicha teoría tiene como objetivo
organizar la convivencia humana.
Se puede ver desde distintos puntos de vista a través de la historia:
Cibergrafía
Mejía, Julián. Narabu, Jheniffer. Quintero, Peterson. [Fidomaniac]. (2017, noviembre 1).
Iusnaturalismo - ¿Qué es Iusnaturalismo? - El iusnaturalismo. Recuperado de:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O9mmzaCVmAs
Iusnaturalism
From the etymological study of the word, three particles can be established. These are Ius
(Right), Natural (Nature) and Ism (movement or doctrine).
The natural law is a theory of legal, ethical and philosophical law, which recognizes rights
imposed on human nature and identified by their ability to reason, which are prior to the
legal order. The purpose of this theory is to organize human coexistence.
It can be seen from different points of view throughout the story:
1) In Greece: A distinction was made between written law and divine right, where the
first ones refers to the laws created by mankind, and the last ones, about the laws of
the gods. The naturalists believed that, although the divine laws must be obeyed
completely, the positive laws cannot be set aside.
2) In Rome: The tripartite division of law is created and clasified on: natural, civil and
people. The natural right is understood as the laws that by nature are common to all
men, differentiating them from the Iustum Constitution, the laws particular to each
people.
3) In the Middle Ages: Due to the growing strength of Christianity, the dogmas of the
church are transformed into natural law, converting it into a divine right that
contrasts with positive law. They try to recreate the absolute natural right that
existed before the original sin. The right must be practical and directed towards the
common good.
4) Modern: Leave individualism aside to emphasize the social aspect. It incorporates
the interventionist principle of the state in the economy in order to avoid possible
crises.
In the evolution of this current, the divine origin of these principles was replaced by a more
human origin because in this way it is confirmed that natural right is part of human reason.
It is for this reason that, unlike the positive ius, the natural ius is inherent in time, and does
not depend on the historical context that is lived.
Cybergraphy
Mejía, Julián. Narabu, Jheniffer. Quintero, Peterson. [Fidomaniac]. (2017, november 1st).
Iusnaturalismo - ¿Qué es Iusnaturalismo? - El iusnaturalismo. Avaliable at:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O9mmzaCVmAs
Realismo jurídico.
El realismo jurídico o Iusrealismo es una teoría que identifica al derecho con las decisiones
judiciales, es decir que el derecho no está conformado por enunciados de obligatoriedad
sino por las reglas observadas por la sociedad. Según Oliver Wendell, el derecho no es más
que la toma de decisiones que llevan a cabo los jueces, pues los jueces son los que generan
normas sociales que lleva a resultados eficaces y útiles para la sociedad.
El Iusrealismo se puede clasificar en tres corrientes de pensamiento principales.
1) Realismo jurídico alemán: Definían al derecho como acción y una constante lucha
entre fuerzas, ya que la vida y la verdad del derecho radican en la eficacia de esta,
es decir, lo que se ejecuta en la práctica y no las normas escritas. Según Oskar Von
Bülow, el papel central del derecho lo tiene el operador jurídico, la ley tiene poca
participación en las decisiones judiciales.
2) Realismo jurídico norteamericano: La vida del derecho se debe ver en un sentido
empirista, es decir dejar de lado la lógica y hacer énfasis en la experiencia obtenida
por decisiones judiciales en casos concretos. Esta corriente se caracteriza por tener 3
movimientos: los Critical Legal Studies, críticas hechas por los juristas a los
estudios del derecho que estaban encaminados políticamente al liberalismo; El
análisis económico, el objetivo de los jueces es proporcionar a cada individuo con la
mayor libertad posible para garantizas la máxima riqueza posible; y el movimiento
feminista, generado por la lucha de diferenciación de género, eliminar el modelo
masculino del derecho y garantizas privilegios jurídicos a la mujeres.
3) Realismo jurídico escandinavo: Es creado a partir de los hechos institucionales, en
los cuales intervienen la voluntad del hombre, siendo este la base fundamental de la
creación de normas, y la teoría jurídica. Este realismo utiliza la terapia lingüística
para analizar el lenguaje jurídico, y diferencia estrictamente el hecho institucional
del hecho empírico, en donde no interviene la voluntad humana.
Cibergrafía
Avila, Cynthia. Hernandez, Adriana. García, Gessuri. Rosas, Mitzy. Tellez, Leslie.
[lakshmi avila]. (2018, marzo 11). REALISMO JURÍDICO. Recuperado de:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gl2oVj6MvI0
Faralli, C. (2002). La filosofía jurídica actual. De los años setenta afines del siglo XX. 3ra
Vol. [pdf] p.1. Recuperado de:
http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/ANDH/article/view/ANDH0202110133A/20958
Legal realism.
Legal realism or Iusrealism is a theory that identifies the law with judicial decisions, that is
to say, that the law is not confirmed by mandatory statements but by the rules observed by
society. According to Oliver Wendell, the law is nothing more than the decision-making
process that judges carry out since judges are those who generate social norms that lead to
effective and useful results for society.
Iusrealism can be classified into three main schools of thought.
1) German legal realism: Law was defined as action and a constant struggle
between forces since the life and truth of the law lie in the effectiveness of this,
that is, what is executed in practice and not written rules. According to Oskar
Von Bülow, the legal role is the central role of the legal operator, the law has
little participation in judicial decisions.
2) North American legal realism: The life of the law must be seen in an empiricist
sense, that is to say, leaving logic aside and emphasizing the experience
obtained by judicial decisions in specific cases. This current is characterized by
having 3 movements: the Critical Legal Studies, criticisms made by jurists to
law studies that were politically aimed at liberalism; The economic analysis, the
objective of the judges is to provide each individual with the greatest possible
freedom to guarantee the maximum possible wealth; and the feminist
movement, generated by the struggle of gender differentiation, eliminate the
male model of the right and guarantee legal privileges for women.
3) Scandinavian legal realism: It is created from the institutional facts, which
involve the will of man, this being the fundamental basis of the creation of
standards, and legal theory. This realism uses linguistic therapy to analyze legal
language and strictly differentiates the institutional fact from the empirical fact,
in which the human will does not.
Cybergrahy
Avila, Cynthia. Hernandez, Adriana. García, Gessuri. Rosas, Mitzy. Tellez, Leslie.
[lakshmi avila]. (2018, march 11). REALISMO JURÍDICO. Available at:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gl2oVj6MvI0
Faralli, C. (2002). La filosofía jurídica actual. De los años setenta afines del siglo XX. 3rd
ed. [ebook] p.1. Available at:
http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/ANDH/article/view/ANDH0202110133A/20958