New English 9, Unit 1, p.

6
Local environment

specific adj detailed and exact

SYNONYM PRECISE
I gave you specific instructions.
‘I'd like your help tomorrow.’ ‘Can you be more specific (= tell me exactly what
you want)?’
craft [countable, uncountable] an activity involving a special skill at making things with
your hands
traditional crafts like basket-weaving
a craft fair/workshop
benefit [uncountable, countable] an advantage that something gives you; a helpful and
useful effect that something has
I've had the benefit of a good education.
The new regulations will be of benefit to everyone concerned.
It will be to your benefit to arrive early.
challenge a new or difficult task that tests somebody’s ability and skill
an exciting/interesting challenge
The role will be the biggest challenge of his acting career.
to face a challenge (= to have to deal with one)
review [countable] (North American English) a lesson in which you look again at
something you have studied, especially in order to prepare for an exam
presentation a talk giving information about something
The speaker gave an interesting presentation on urban transport.
The unit includes
content word (linguistics) a noun, a verb, an adjective or an adverb whose main function
is to express meaning
function word (also functor) (grammar) a word that is important to the grammar of a
sentence rather than its meaning, for example ‘do’ in ‘we do not live here’
phrasal verb (grammar) a verb combined with an adverb or a preposition, or sometimes
both, to give a new meaning, for example go in for, win over and see to
specific adj detailed and exact
SYNONYM PRECISE
I gave you specific instructions.
‘I'd like your help tomorrow.’ ‘Can you be more specific (= tell me exactly what
you want)?’
Objectives
objective something that you are trying to achieve
SYNONYM GOAL the main/primary/principal objective
 to meet/achieve your objectives
You must set realistic aims and objectives for yourself.
lexical adj [usually before noun] (linguistics) connected with the words of a language
lexical items (= words and phrases)
craft [countable, uncountable] an activity involving a special skill at making things with
your hands
traditional crafts like basket-weaving
a craft fair/workshop
subordinate clause (also dependent clause) (grammar) a group of words that is not a
sentence but adds information to the main part of a sentence, for example when it
rang in She answered the phone when it rang.
common adj happening often; existing in large numbers or in many places
Jackson is a common English name.
Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer among women in this country.
appropriately adv in a way that is suitable, acceptable or correct for the particular
circumstances
The government has been accused of not responding appropriately to the needs of
the homeless.
The chain of volcanoes is known, appropriately enough, as the ‘Ring of Fire’.
benefit [uncountable, countable] an advantage that something gives you; a helpful and
useful effect that something has
I've had the benefit of a good education.
The new regulations will be of benefit to everyone concerned.
It will be to your benefit to arrive early.
challenge a new or difficult task that tests somebody’s ability and skill
an exciting/interesting challenge
The role will be the biggest challenge of his acting career.
to face a challenge (= to have to deal with one)
Getting started
craft [countable, uncountable] an activity involving a special skill at making things with
your hands
traditional crafts like basket-weaving
a craft fair/workshop
Introduction
overview a general description or an outline of something
Synonym survey, 10 000-foot view, helicopter view
semester one of the two periods that the school or college year is divided into
the spring/fall semester
 term (North American English also trimester) [countable, uncountable] (especially in
Britain) one of the three periods in the year during which classes are held in schools,
universities, etc.
the spring/summer/autumn/fall term
Many students now have paid employment during term.
environmental issue
deforestation the act of cutting down or burning the trees in an area
land erosion caused by widespread deforestation
afforestation [uncountable] (specialist)the process of planting areas of land with trees in
order to form a forest / sự trồng cây gây rừng
reforestation (British English also reafforestation)[uncountable] (specialist) the act of
planting new trees in an area where there used to be a forest / sự trồng cây gây rừng lại
global warming U the increase in temperature of the earth’s atmosphere, that is caused
by the increase of particular gases, especially carbon dioxide
physical adj [only before noun] connected with things that actually exist or are present
and can be seen, felt, etc. rather than things that only exist in a person’s mind
the physical world/universe/environment
the physical properties (= the colour, weight, shape, etc.) of copper
feature C something important, interesting or typical of a place or thing / characteristic.
aspect
An interesting feature of the city is the old market.
Teamwork is a key feature of the training programme.
Listen and read
Teacher’s note
elicit something (from somebody) (formal) to get information or a reaction from
somebody, often with difficulty
I could elicit no response from him.
Her tears elicited great sympathy from her audience.
pottery U [uncountable] pots, dishes, etc. made with clay that is baked in an oven,
especially when they are made by hand
Roman pottery a piece of pottery
fragments of Iron Age pottery
china cups, plates, etc. that are made of china / đồ sứ
She got out the best china.
product
the rest (of something) (singular)the remaining part of something
I'm not doing this job for the rest of my life.
How would you like to spend the rest of the day?
as far as I know, as far as I can remember, see, tell, etc. used to say that you think you
know, remember, understand, etc. something but you cannot be completely sure,
especially because you do not know all the facts
As far as we knew, there was no cause for concern.
As far as I can see, you've done nothing wrong.
craft [countable, uncountable] an activity involving a special skill at making things with
your hands
traditional crafts like basket-weaving
a craft fair/workshop
wow exclamation (also wowee) (informal) used to express great surprise or admiration
Wow! You look terrific!
set sth up to create something or start it / establish, start, begin, found, create
to set up a business
A fund will be set up for the dead men's families.
workshop a room or building in which things are made or repaired using tools or
machinery
take over (from sb)/take sth over (from sb) to begin to have control of or responsibility
for something, especially in place of somebody else
artisan (formal) a person who does skilled work, making things with their hands
SYNONYM CRAFTSMAN
The hand-woven textiles were made by skilled local artisans.
place of interest
attraction [countable, uncountable] a feature, quality or person that makes something
seem interesting and enjoyable, and worth having or doing
I can't see the attraction of sitting on a beach all day.
City life holds little attraction for me.
pottery U [uncountable] pots, dishes, etc. made with clay that is baked in an oven,
especially when they are made by hand
Roman pottery a piece of pottery
fragments of Iron Age pottery
workshop a room or building in which things are made or repaired using tools or
machinery
memorable (for something) special, good or unusual and therefore worth remembering
or easy to remember
SYNONYM UNFORGETTABLE a truly memorable occasion
The city is memorable for its fantastic beaches.
conical hat
conical adj shaped like a cone
cool adj, exclamation excellent; very good
"So how was the concert?" "It was cool!"
 "Do you want to come with us?" "Yeah, cool!"
various adj several different
SYNONYM DIVERSE
Tents come in various shapes and sizes.
She took the job for various reasons.
remind somebody (about/of something)
specific adj [usually before noun] connected with one particular thing only
SYNONYM PARTICULAR
children’s television programmes aimed at a specific age group
The money was collected for a specific purpose.
handicraft North American English also handcraft) [countable, usually
plural, uncountable] activities such as sewing and making cloth that use skill with your
hands and artistic ability to make things
to teach handicrafts
Her hobbies are music, reading and handicraft.
handicraft (North American English also handcraft) [countable, usually
plural, uncountable] things made in this way
traditional handicrafts bought by tourists
look around/round sth to visit a place or building, walking around it to see what is there
Let's look round the town this afternoon.
Teacher’s note
Answers
1 craft
craft [countable, uncountable] an activity involving a special skill at making things with
your hands
traditional crafts like basket-weaving
a craft fair/workshop
skilfully adv (especially US English skillfully) in a way that shows skill
a skilfully crafted novel
He skilfully steered the conversation to a safer topic.
2 set up
set sth up to create something or start it / establish, start, begin, found, create
to set up a business
A fund will be set up for the dead men's families.
business [countable] a commercial organization such as a company, shop/store or factory
to have/start/run a business business premises
She works in the family business.
3 take over
take over (from sb)/take sth over (from sb) to begin to have control of or responsibility
for something, especially in place of somebody else
4 artisans
artisan (formal) a person who does skilled work, making things with their hands
SYNONYM CRAFTSMAN
The hand-woven textiles were made by skilled local artisans.
skilled adj (of a job) needing special abilities or training
SYNONYM EXPERT, skillfull, professional
Furniture-making is very skilled work.
skilful adj (especially US English skillful) made or done very well
SYNONYM PROFESSIONAL
Thanks to her skilful handling of the affair, the problem was averted.
5 attraction
attraction [countable, uncountable] a feature, quality or person that makes something
seem interesting and enjoyable, and worth having or doing
I can't see the attraction of sitting on a beach all day.
City life holds little attraction for me.
6 specific region
specific adj [usually before noun] connected with one particular thing only
SYNONYM PARTICULAR children’s television programmes aimed at a specific age
group
The money was collected for a specific purpose.
7 remind
remind somebody (about/of something)
8 look round
look around/round (sth) to visit a place or building, walking around it to see what is
there
Let's look round the town this afternoon.
Watch out
watch out (informal) used to warn somebody about something dangerous
Watch out! There's a car coming!
as far as I know, as far as I can remember, see, tell, etc. used to say that you think you
know, remember, understand, etc. something but you cannot be completely sure,
especially because you do not know all the facts
As far as we knew, there was no cause for concern.
As far as I can see, you've done nothing wrong.
b
Teacher’s note
Answers
1 They are at Phong’s grandparents’ workshop in Bat Trang.
workshop a room or building in which things are made or repaired using tools or
machinery
2 It is about 700 years old.
3 His great-grandparents did.
4 Because people can buy things for their house and make pottery themselves there.
pottery U [uncountable] pots, dishes, etc. made with clay that is baked in an oven,
especially when they are made by hand
Roman pottery a piece of pottery
fragments of Iron Age pottery
5 It’s in Hue.
craft [countable, uncountable] an activity involving a special skill at making things with
your hands
traditional crafts like basket-weaving
a craft fair/workshop
6 Because the handicrafts remind them of a specific region
handicraft North American English also handcraft) [countable, usually
plural, uncountable] activities such as sewing and making cloth that use skill with your
hands and artistic ability to make things
to teach handicrafts
Her hobbies are music, reading and handicraft.
remind somebody (about/of something)
specific adj [usually before noun] connected with one particular thing only
SYNONYM PARTICULAR children’s television programmes aimed at a specific age
group
The money was collected for a specific purpose.
2
Teacher’s note
A. paintings B. drums C. marble sculptures
marble [uncountable] a type of hard stone that is usually white and often has coloured
lines in it. It can be polished and is used in building and for making statues, etc. / đá hoa,
cẩm thạch
a slab/block of marble a marble floor/sculpture
a statue of Cupid carved in black marble
sculpture [countable, uncountable] a work of art that is a solid figure or object made
by carving or shaping wood, stone, clay, metal, etc.
a marble sculpture of Venus
He collects modern sculpture.
D. pottery
pottery U [uncountable] pots, dishes, etc. made with clay that is baked in an oven,
especially when they are made by hand
Roman pottery a piece of pottery
fragments of Iron Age pottery
E. silk F. lacquerware
lacquerware U decorative articles, typically made of wood, that have been coated with
lacquer.
lacquer a liquid that is used on wood or metal to give it a hard shiny surface / sơn mài
G. conical hats
conical adj shaped like a cone
H. lanterns
lantern a lamp in a transparent case, often a metal case with glass sides, that has a
handle, so that you can carry it outside
3
Teacher’s note
handicraft North American English also handcraft) [countable, usually
plural, uncountable] activities such as sewing and making cloth that use skill with your
hands and artistic ability to make things
to teach handicrafts
Her hobbies are music, reading and handicraft.
call on/upon sb (formal) to formally invite or ask somebody to speak, etc.
I now call upon the chairman to address the meeting.
confirm to state or show that something is definitely true or correct, especially by
providing evidence
confirm something Rumours of job losses were later confirmed.
confirm (that)… Has everyone confirmed (that) they’re coming?
confirm what/when, etc… Can you confirm what happened?
it is confirmed that… It has been confirmed that the meeting will take place next
week.
short-term adj [usually before noun] lasting a short time; designed only for a short
period of time in the future
a short-term loan to find work on a short-term contract
short-term plans
call out (sth) to speak loudly
Speak up – call the names out so we can all hear.
He called out, but she didn't hear him.

Answers
1 conical hat
birthplace the place where something first happened
Hawaii was the birthplace of surfing.
Shrewsbury is famous for being the birthplace of Charles Darwin.
2 lanterns 3 silk
cloth [uncountable] material made by weaving or knitting cotton, wool, silk, etc.
 woollen/cotton cloth bandages made from strips of cloth
the cloth industry/trade a cloth bag
dress [countable] a piece of women’s clothing that is made in one piece and covers the
body down to the legs, sometimes reaching to below the knees, or to the ankles
a long white dress a wedding dress
dress [uncountable] clothes for either men or women
to wear casual/formal dress
He has no dress sense (= no idea of how to dress well).
4 paintings
folk adj [only before noun] (of art, culture, etc.) traditional and typical of the ordinary
people of a country or community
folk art a folk museum
5 Pottery
pottery U [uncountable] pots, dishes, etc. made with clay that is baked in an oven,
especially when they are made by hand
Roman pottery a piece of pottery
fragments of Iron Age pottery
typical adj having the usual qualities or features of a particular type of person, thing or
group
SYNONYM REPRESENTATIVE a typical Italian café
This is a typical example of Roman pottery.
typical of somebody/something This meal is typical of local cookery.
typical for somebody/something The weather at the moment is not typical for
July.
Opposite atypical
6 marble sculptures
marble [uncountable] a type of hard stone that is usually white and often has coloured
lines in it. It can be polished and is used in building and for making statues, etc. / đá hoa,
cẩm thạch
a slab/block of marble a marble floor/sculpture
a statue of Cupid carved in black marble
sculpture [countable, uncountable] a work of art that is a solid figure or object made
by carving or shaping wood, stone, clay, metal, etc.
a marble sculpture of Venus
He collects modern sculpture.
variety (of something) (singular) several different sorts of the same thing
There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.
He resigned for a variety of reasons.
statue a figure of a person or an animal in stone, metal, etc., usually the same size as in
real life or larger / sculpture
 a bronze/marble statue a statue of Apollo
bracelet a piece of jewellery worn around the wrist or arm
She had a charm bracelet on her wrist.
4 Quiz
quiz a competition or game in which people try to answer questions to test their
knowledge
a general knowledge quiz a television quiz show
elicit something (from somebody) (formal) to get information or a reaction from
somebody, often with difficulty
I could elicit no response from him.
Her tears elicited great sympathy from her audience.
feedback advice, criticism or information about how good or useful something or
somebody’s work is
I'd appreciate some feedback on my work.
The teacher will give you feedback on the test.
confirm to state or show that something is definitely true or correct, especially by
providing evidence
confirm something Rumours of job losses were later confirmed.
confirm (that)… Has everyone confirmed (that) they’re coming?
confirm what/when, etc… Can you confirm what happened?
it is confirmed that… It has been confirmed that the meeting will take place next
week.
Answers
1 park 2 museum
artistic adj connected with art or artists
the artistic works of the period a work of great artistic merit
the artistic director of the theatre
3 zoo 4 beach 5 beauty spot
beauty spot (British English) a place in the countryside which is famous because it is
beautiful
b
set something to arrange or fix something; to decide on something
They haven't set a date for their wedding yet.
The government has set strict limits on public spending this year.
up adv (of a period of time) finished; over
Time's up. Stop writing and hand in your papers.
read sth out to read something using your voice, especially to other people