Semester Project.

LED THERMOMETER

Required components.
1. LM35V (Temperature Sensor)
2. LM3915 (AMPLIFIER)
3. POTENTIOMETER (10k)
4. LEDs (10)
5. RESISTOR (1k)
6. BATTERY (9v)
7. TEMPERATURE MEASURING DEVICE.

INTRODUCTION.
A bar graph thermometer is one which shows temperature reading using an array of LEDs
instead of a digital numerical output. Here this project has 10 LED lights which
indicate temperatures ranging from 60 to 120 degree F. They are arranged in a single line, and
by counting the number of LEDs lit you can determine the temperature. Here in this circuit, the
glowing of a total of 1 LED indicates 60 degree F, glowing all 10 indicates 120 degrees F. The
rest of the 8 LEDs indicate

Description

The circuit given here is a precision LED bar graph Fahrenheit thermometer, which can be used
as a temperature measurement circuit, build around IC LM 34 (sensor) and IC LM 3914 (bar
graph driver). The circuit can be modified to read in degree Celsius by replacing sensor LM 34
with LM 35. Both are interchangeable. The circuit operates of a volt power supply.

.5-degree temperature increments.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM.

DESCRIPTION About its Components.

1. LM35(TEMP SENSOR)
The LM35 is one kind of commonly used temperature sensor that can be used to
measure temperature with an electrical o/p comparative to the temperature . It can
measure temperature more correctly compare with a thermistor. This sensor generates
a high output voltage than thermocouples and may not need that the output voltage is
amplified. The LM35 has an output voltage that is proportional to the Celsius
temperature.
DIAGRAM.

 The LM35 temperature sensor is used to detect precise centigrade temperature.

The output of this sensor changes describes the linearity. The o/p voltage of this IC
sensor is linearly comparative to the Celsius temperature. The operating voltage
range of this LM35 ranges from-55˚ to +150˚C and it has low-self heating. This is
operated under 4 to 30 volts. The most extensively used electronic devices are
operational amplifiers, which are certain kind of differential amplifiers. Temperature
sensor circuit has terminals such as two inputs like non-inverting (+) and inverting (-)
and only one output pin.

LM3915(IC).
 The LM3915 datasheet specifies that the IC is a monolithic integrated circuit that senses
analogue voltage levels and drives ten LEDs, LCDs or vacuum fluorescent displays.
 LED current drive is regulated and programmable, eliminating the need for current limiting
resistors. The whole display system can operate from a single supply as low as 3V or as high

as 25V.
Diagram.

POTENTIOMETER.
 A potentiometer is a three-terminal resistor with a sliding or rotating contact that
forms an adjustable voltage divider.*1+ If only two terminals are used, one end and
the wiper, it acts as a variable resistor or rheostat.

Diagram.
LED’s

 A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is a p–n

junction diode that emits light when activated.
 When a suitable current is applied to the leads,*6+*7+ electrons are able to
recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of
photons. This effect is called electroluminescence, and the colour of the light
(corresponding to the energy of the photon) is determined by the energy band gap
of the semiconductor.
Diagram.

Advantages.
 It can be used as the scale of Boilers in Steam Engines, Carnot Engines etc.
 It is faster in reading the temperature than their mercury counterparts.
 They can also be synchronized with the Fire Alarms in the Offices and Houses for the
sake of safety.
 It’s cheap & easy to use.
 Use of electricity consume less power.