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Say Hello to Our Body!

Book · January 2012

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Rinaldi Ridwan
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Say Hello! To Our Body! 1
Title: SAY HELLO TO OUR BODY!

Copyright is protected by law


All rights reserved

Preface: This book contains explanation about all


things related to youth sex, sexual, and sexuality.
It involves answering some questions and myths
related to those aspects which are commonly
known and inherent in young children. Written
and edited by youth, this book is expected to
become a book that is not only informative,
but also inspiring youth to be aware and more
concerned about his/her body.

Production Team: Farhanah, Kurnia Wijiastuti,


Shintya Felicitas

Writers: Adi Ahdiat, Amalia Sekarjati,


Amira Ruzuar, Antonia Ristya,
Hatika Al-Safa, Joeliana, Kurnia
Wijiastuti, Lydia Natasha, Rae
Hutapea, Shabrina Wulan, Shintya
Felicitas.

Cover and Page layout: Yanuarudin Mukhlis

First Edition: 2012

Published by:
Yayasan Jurnal Perempuan,
Jl. Lontar No. 12 Menteng Atas, Setiabudi, Jakarta
Selatan 12960
Telp. 021-83702005 (hunting)
Fax: 021 -8300211

Supported by:

No.1&2 Jalan Scott, Brickfields-Kuala lumpur 50470 Malaysia

ii2 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Foreword
Every adult people must have
experienced on being young. This is the
period when we ask a lot of questions
and curious about everything. During
adolescence period, we are in growing
up process, it is the period in which
determine (or is determined by?)
us. After we passed this period and
being an adult, our memories during
our young period will shape our
personality. Beside, our maturity in
adulthood will also depend on our
youth period. Maturity means our
insights about the environment, life,
even about ourselves.

The adolescents’ curiosity has to be


responded seriously. The first thing
which will occur is the curiosity
about their own body. The human
being which in growing up phase will
experience many changes; physical
and mind, or biological and mental.
Most of the time, these changes
are surprising because during the
childhood we are still have limited
knowledge about our body so that the
imagination transforming boy into
taller, bigger, more curious, or other
changes will be a shocking one once we
have no comprehensive information.
Furthermore, these determining
phase mainly will be influenced by the

Say Hello! To Our Body! 3iii


environment such as family, school, actually going on with me?” They
and peers, or even the number of only keep most of these questions for
information access through technology. themselves because It’s embarrassing
It is very common if adolescents always to ask the parents, it’s fearful of being
want to try, they want to know which scolded if asking the teacher, and it’s
one is good or bad for them. This is useless to ask friends because they don’t
their time to learn about life until they understand either.
can decide the life which is good for
them. We can see how important it is to
answer those questions. Beside,
Well, since our very first questions today’s existing technology, science
during adolescence is about our and research will also be able to help
changing body, adults often do not more in providing knowledge and
provide the answers. Or even, it is often information which are important for
very taboo to talk about it. In this case young people.
what we mean is about young people
sexuality problems. For example, why This book contains a lot of answers
do some adolescent girls do not have of questions about sexuality which is
their breasts growing and enlarging frequently asked by young people. This
as it should be? Menstruation? Or book is written by young people who
wet dreams that we often hear from already get a lot of information and
adolescent boys? Or further, how do knowledge about sexuality, and intend
they know the process of pregnancy to share it with other young people.
and its symtomps? How do the baby This youth sexuality book will lead
born? Ironically, the respond that them to know their body, ranging from
young people get is mostly is the sexuality to its environment. By getting
word “don’t do this” or “don’t do that”, to know themselves better, they can
without any explanation about what determine what they have to do in that
they have experienced and behave period.
toward these changes. If there are
adolescents who are in love, the word Our hope, young age is no longer
which comes out is nothing but “be referred as the time of losing direction,
careful”. Even further, if there are but the time of certainty about
adolescent girls who experience first themselves, and the time when they are
menstruation, yet the words are “be very powerful to determine the path of
careful, don’t play too close with boys”. their life as they want it to be which is
Or if there are young people who of course very useful for their future.
become pregnant, they will usually
be judged as a result of promiscuity. Mariana Amiruddin,
Eventhough their actions depart from a Executive Director of Yayasan Jurnal
lot of questions about sexuality: “what’s Perempuan

iv4 Say Hello! To Our Body!


CONTENTS
ISBN ii
Foreword iii
Contents v

Chapter 1: Know Yourself, Understand Your Body 1


Know Yourself, Understand Your Body 2
Penis 4
Vagina 8
Female Internal Reproductive Organs 12
Reproductive Health 16
Sexual and Reproductive Health 17
Cervical Cancer 19
Vaginal Over-Liquid 21
Puberty 22
Hormon 22
Wet Dream 25
Menstruation 26
Menstruation Myths 27
Pregnancy 29
Births 30
Male Reproductive Process 31
Sexual Activity 32
Masturbation 32
Petting 32
Intercourse/Coltus 33
Orgasm 34
Contraception 35
Natural Method 35
Barriers Method 36
Hormonal Contraception Method 37
Settled Contraception 37
Emergency Contraception Method 37
Risks of Unsafe Sexual Activity 38
Syphillis 38
Gonorrhoea 38
Herpes 38
Chlamydia Infection 39
Bakterial Vaginosis 39
Say Hello! To Our Body! 5v
Candidiasis Vulvovagnitis 39
HIV and AIDS 39
The Spreading of HIV & AIDS 40

Chapter 2: Who Owns Your Body 41


Who Owns Your Body 42
Sex and Gender 43
Taboo 46
Gender 51
The Form of Inequality as A Consequence of Gender 55
Double Role 55
Stereotype 55
Marginalization 56
Subordinate 56
Violence 56
Sexual Diversity 57
Sexual Orientation 57
Virginity 59
Gender-Based Violence: The Iceberg Phenomenon 61
Female Circumcision 62
Rape 64
Forms of Gender-Based Violence 67
Violence through Media 70
Dating Violence 72
Types of Dating Violence 73
Myths in a Dating Relationship 73
Stop Dating Violence Now! 75
Living with HIV and AIDS 79
Unintended Pregnancy 81
LGBTIQ? So What? 84

Chapter 3: Human Rights, for All! 86


Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights 87
Sexual Rights 91
Reproductive Rights 95
Comprehensive Sexuality Education 99
What Can You Do to Support CSE? 101

Behind The Scenes 104

vi6 Say Hello! To Our Body!


CHAPTER 1
Know Yourself, Understand Your Body

Say Hello! To Our Body! 1


KNOW
YOURSELF,
UNDERSTAND
YOUR BODY
Our body is the only place
we live in this world. Can
you imagine if we have a
soul but we don’t have a
body to live? It must be
scary, right?

“Take care of your body. It’s the only place you have to live.” - Jim Rohn

Our life can be messed up if our body is not in a healthy condition. Therefore,
taking care of our body is a very important thing. However, if we want to take care
of our body, first of all, we have to completely understand with the body itself.

Let’s get familiar with our body!


Cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ Systems → Organism (Body)
Our body is derived from cells. Cells form a tissue, and tissues construct an organ.
Then, some organs work together and play a certain role as an organ system. Later,
all of the systems will set up an organism which we consider as a body.

2 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Let’s get to know our body!
Have you ever wondered where the
Human being has ten organ systems, sperm comes from? How does it look
which are: like? Why do our sex organs feel wet
when we are, intentionally or not,
Skeletal System watching a sexually arousing movie?
Muscular System Why do we feel aroused?
Circulatory System
Lymphatic/Immune System Many people do not know how their
Respiratory System reproductive system work, especially
Nervous System young people. In Indonesia, the right
Digestive System information about the organs, systems,
Urinary System and reproductive health is less popular
Endocrine System than the myth which is spreading
Reproductive System around. That is why the understanding
about reproductive system is very low
here. Even, the information about sex
and reproduction tends to be cover up
We should know well all the body where as that information is actually
systems above in order to take care of very needed by the Indonesian youth in
them. Reproductive system is one of order to know and take a better care of
the systems which are often discussed their body.
in the biology book, but the question
is: How well do you know that So, in order for you to know
system? You must remember that the better about your body, here
reproductive system is the one which are the explanations of our
produce reproductive cells so that
human can have children and grand
reproduction
Male reproductive system consists of
children. Male reproductive organ
penis, prostate gland, scrotum, sperm,
produces sperm. Female reproductive
epididymis, seminal vesicle, testicles,
system produces egg cell (ovum). That
and vas deference. On the other
it is, when the ovum is fertilized by the
hand, female reproductive system is
sperm, the pregnancy takes place. In
cooperation between clitoris, vagina,
conclusion, we all come from the cells
cervix, fallopian tube, ovaries, and
in the reproductive organs, which are
uterus.
why it is so important for us to take
care of them!

Say Hello! To Our Body! 3


Well, are you curious about
the shape and the function
of each organ? Hi,
Let’s take a look at the explanation
I’m Penis!
below and get ready to be amazed at
how your reproductive system works!

PENIS
Size Does Matter?
Penis is a male genital organ. Penis
has a long round-shaft shape and is
bulging between a man’s crotches. Penis
has some function such as for sexual
activities, as a channel which carried
sperm to enter female genital organ
(fertilization), and also as a medium
for urine to come out of the bladder.
In doing its task, penis does not work
alone. So, who else are the companions
and what are they doing? Let’s take a
look at them!

I have a valve which


functions to control
the sperm and the
urine so that they
don’t come out
simultaneously.
I consist of three
cylinder of
sponge tissue.

4 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Along my body, there
are a lot of small
veins which enable
me to get smaller and
soft or even stiff and
upright if I’m sexually
aroused. The process
of my becoming stiff
and upright is called
erecting.

My size varies.
My average
length is about
8cm in normal
condition and
about 12 cm
during erection.

I have a bulbous-
shaped tip so that I
have a pretty round
shape. The tip is called
Glans Penis and is
covered by foreskin.
This foreskin is the
  one which is removed
if my owner gets
circumcised

Say Hello! To Our Body! 5


?
Vas Deferens
• I’m a sperm vessel.
• My function is to transport sperm
from testicle (the lower end of
epididymis) to prostate so that it can
mix up with semen.

Epididymis
• I am a place to storage the sperm.
• I have a large meander vessel shape.
• My function is as a place of
maturation process for sperm before
it goes to vas deference.

Testicles
• I produce sperm.
• I have a shape like a fruit seed: round
and slightly oval. That is why, in
Indonesia, I usually called as buah Prostate gland
zakar or biji pelir. • I produce fluids for semen.
• I’m able to produce 12 billion sperm • I’m dense and reddish brown.
throughout life. What is sperm? Well, • I circle the first part of urethra.
Sperm is a cell which looks like a • My position is below the bladder.
tadpole. The sperm I’m producing will • I consist of two parts: The inner part
later be mixed with semen. which produces fluids so that the
• I’m also producing testosterone, male urethra layer will always be moist, and
sex hormone. The hormone functions the Outer part which produces semen
as an enhancer of male sexual fluids that facilitate sperm when
desire, energy, immune system, and the penis penetrates into the female
protection from osteoporosis. genital organ.

6 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Urethra
• My length is about 17-23 cm. I am in
the middle of the penis and my shape
is like a duct. I channel urine from
the bladder because I am linked to the
bladder. I also could bring the sperm
because I pass through the prostate
gland.
• I am an estuary canal of the vas
deferens, urinary vesicle, and seminal
vesicle.

Scrotum
• I’m usually called as testicle sack.
• My position is hung under the penis
base.
• I support two testicles (testes).
• My inner part is divided into two;
each of them is filled with one testicle.
They are separated with a membrane.
• I have a thin outer layer and wrinkled
skin to cover the tissue, and there are
some muscles in the tissue.
• My function is to keep the testicle
 
temperature below the body heat. For
Seminal vesicle human being, testicle temperature is
• I consist of two bags which function about 34 °C. The temperature setting
to produce fluids so that the sperm is done by wrinkling or loosening
can be transported. the scrotum, so that the testicles can
• My position is beside the prostate move close to or away from the body.
gland. The testicles will move up close to
• My vessel is fused with Vas deference the body in a cold temperature and
vessel that carries sperm. Then, Vas move away from the body in a hot
deference and I together produce temperature.
semen that functions to ease sperm • Because my function is to keep the
in continuing its journey. That is testicles’ heat, it makes me possible to
why, when sperm out of penis, it is keep sperm in the right temperature
no longer in a form of tadpole but because sperm production needs
already in a form of fluids. 3-50C below the body temperature.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 7


VAGINA
(Vulva/Genitalia Externa)
When It All Begin
There are many nicknames for female
genital organ. It is because most
people do not feel comfortable to say
the real name although actually, it is
not bad nor dirty: Vagina. Yes, vagina Hi,
is a reproductive organ and a sexual I’m Vulva
activities device for a woman. Vagina
produces egg cells or ovum which
later becomes the embryo during the
pregnancy.

Let’s get to know and


adore it!

Female reproductive organs consist of


two parts:
internal organs and external organs.
Female External Genital Organs
(Vulva/Genitalia Externa)

8 Say Hello! To Our Body!


I am the place
of all external
organs of female
reproductive
system or also
called as genitalia
externa.

I consist of mons
veneris, labia
minor, labia mayora,
clitoris, and hymen.

I am the estuary of
urethra. Urethra
is a vessel for the
bladder and has a
hole that function
as a place for urine
to come out.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 9


Mons Veneris
• I am a mound made of fat on the
anterior part of vulva. When a girl
comes to puberty, I will have some
hair which called as pubic hair.

Bibir Kelamin Besar


(Labia Mayora)
• I am located in the outer part of
genital system.
• I am bigger and thicker than labia
minor.
• I am the one which shapes the side of
vulva.
• I consist of skin, fat, smooth muscle
(involuntary muscle), vein, and nerve
fibbers.
• I can reach 7, 5 in length.

Clitoris
• I have a lot of nicknames. Some
people called me Kelentit or Itil in
Indonesian.
• I’m a small flesh which covered by
thin skin.
• I have the size and shape of a pea.
• I am located above the urethra hole
and between the vagina lips (labia
major and minor).
• My body contains a lot of blood
vessels and nerves. That is why I’m Labia Minor
very sensitive to a stimulus and play • I’m considered as two small folds of
an important role to woman in having skin located slightly deeper than labia
an orgasm (sexual pleasure). major.
• I contain many blood vessels and
nerves, so my color is slightly pink.

10 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Hymen
• I’m so popular for becoming the ‘sign’
of woman’s virginity.
• I’m a membrane located near
from the mouth of vagina (vagina
opening).
• I am the separator of the external and
internal parts of female genital organ.
• One of my functions is to let the
menstrual liquid flows out.
• I could have a different shape for each
woman. I could be so thin and easily
torn, or I could be so thick and elastic
so that it is not easy to get torn. I
could have a crescent shape, a hollow
shape, and I could also be different
when I already gave birth.
• Because my shape and thickness are
different, being penetrated by the
penis doesn’t necessarily make me
torn. If I have a thin shape, I could be
easily torn just by riding a bicycle or
falling from it.

HYMEN

Say Hello! To Our Body! 11


Female Internal
Reproductive Organs Hi,
(Genitalia Interna) I’m vagina

I have muscular
walls that contain
many blood vessels
and nerve fibers.
These walls will
get stiff when the
woman is sexually
aroused.

The amazing
thing is that The menstrual
even a baby can liquid also flows
come through out of my canal.
me because I
have an elastic
form.
12 Say Hello! To Our Body!
If all this
I could also be time you just
called as the wondering how I
intercourse look like, I’ll tell
hole. you that actually
I have a muscular
canal shape.

My length is about
6-10 cm, from
outside until the
cervix. Yes, I am
the one who link
the uterus and the
external genital
organ.

I have a natural system


to protect my health in a
form of acidity. Then, in
order to have a balance
number of the bacteria
(lactobacillus doderlein),
When the woman I need to stay clean
is having a sexual and moist, so you need
intercourse or to change panties and
penetration, the menstrual pads quite often
penis is put inside in menstruation period.
me.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 13


Ovaries
• I am the ovaries. There are two of me
in one body, one in the left and one in
the right side of the uterus.
• I’m located in the pelvis cavity.
• I am a gland which shape like a
walnut and located under the oviduct.
• I have a position which look like
floating, but actually my back part is
tied to a ligament (fibrous tissue that
connects bones to other bones) called
latum uteri.
• Every month, I produce egg cells.
• I also produce estrogen and
progesterone, the hormones which
influence woman’s characteristics like
breast size, voice, menstrual period,
and sexual desire (sex drive).
• The release of mature eggs into the
ovary is called ovulation. It happens
between 16 days after the first day of
menstrual period or 14 days before
it. In the ovulation time, a woman is
in her fertile period until about 48-72
Cervix
• I am the entrance of female internal
hours after. Therefore, this time is
reproductive organ.
very suitable for a couple to copulate
• I am considered as a small hole which
if they expect a pregnancy.
link vagina and uterus.
• I’m also an entrance of sperm in order
to get to the uterus.

14 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Uterus
• Hi, finally we meet! Yes, I’m the
uterus. I have a shape like an avocado.
I am thick and muscular. My weight is
about 30-50 gram and my length is
about 5-8 cm.
• I’m located in pelvis cavity, behind the
bladder, and in front of the bowel.
• My wall consists of some layers. They
are peritoneum which covers most
of my surface, miometrium which is
a muscular layer, and endometrium
which is a mucous membrane. In
every side of me, there are ovaries and
uterine tube (fallopian tube).
• My function is as a ‘home’ for the
egg cells which later will grow as
an embryo and a baby during the
pregnancy process. During the times,
I will grow bigger in accordance with
the age and the size of the embryo.
• In delivering process, my muscle will
Fallopian tubes push the baby to come out through
the vagina. After giving birth, I will
• I’m also called as uterine tubes
return to my normal size.
• I’m located in abdominal cavity.
• If the egg cell inside me is not
• Just like the ovaries, I’m also created
fertilized, my wall will exuviate and
in a pair.
contract to release the egg cell and
• My body is in a form of tube which
other tissue which is formed under
extends about 10 cm from the top
the influence of the ovaries hormone.
corner of the uterus to the side
towards each ovary.
• My function is to transpote the
egg cells (ovum) from the ovaries
(ovarium) to the uterus. I also
accommodate a place for the sperm
to meet the egg cells and go to
fertilization process. It is me who feed
the fertilized egg and push it with the
contracted muscle so that it can get
through the uterus.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 15


YEAY!
We have met our great Sexual and Reproductive
friends: The reproductive Health
organs!
After knowing deeper about your
All the organs above have already body parts, you also have to know
been set to operate on reproductive how to take care of them. We often
systems. You can imagine how sperm pay less attention to our sexual and
can go through the tubes, how glans reproductive health. It is because
produce fluids to support sperm when parents and teacher do not consider
ejaculating, or how ovaries could reproductive health as an important
maturate an egg cell, and how the thing to discuss. They tend to think
fallopian tube keep the egg cell to go to that children will automatically
the right pace. Amazing right? Then, understand about those things while, in
why do these amazing things have to be fact, young people need them to take a
covered up? While in fact, those whole better care of their genital organ.
things are actually about our self, our
existence.

So, let’s fill our self with knowledge by reading some


paragraph below.

Reproductive Health
According to the International 3. People have a freedom to decide
Conference on Population and when and how often to do a sexual
Development (ICPD) in 1994, activities.
Reproductive Health is a state of 4. Men and women have the same
complete physical, mental and social right to get information and access
well-being in all matters relating to to a safe, effective, affordable, and
the reproductive system and to its acceptable method of birth control of
functions and processes. their choice.
The state of complete physical, mental 5. They also have a right to get proper
and social well-being is not merely the health care services that will
absence of disease, but it should also enable women to go safely through
include a condition where: pregnancy and child birth.
1. People have a responsible, satisfying, 6. Couples are provided by any services
and safe sex life. to get a chance of having a healthy
2. People have a capability to child.
reproduce.

16 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Sexual and Reproduction increase personal life and relationship.
The services should include counseling
Health and other services regarding
According to World Health reproduction and sexually transmited
Organizatiom (WHO), sexual health is deseases.
a state of physical, emotional, mental We must take care of our reproductive
and social well-being in relation to organs if we want them to be well
sexuality. Sexual health requires a function and prevented from diseases.
positive and respectful approach to if we didn’t take a good care of them,
sexuality and sexual relationships, later, it could harm our body. Beside it
as well as the possibility of having will be potentially infected by veneral
pleasurable and safe sexual experiences, diseases, unwell-treated reproduction
free of coercion, discrimination and organs could give a bad impact for the
violence. Sexual health services- quality of human reproduction.
according to the UN- must be able to

So, how is it to take a good care of our reproductive


organs? Let’s take a look at these suggestions!

For Male and Female • When using public toilet –especially


sitting toilet- use tissue paper to cover
• Before touching your genital organ,
the part where we will sit on because
make sure that your hand is clean. If
it’s likely that the toilet seat contains
your hand is dirty, the germ in your
many germs. Remember, The toilet
hand could be transfered to your
you are using was previousely used by
genital, and that germ could be the
other people, and we can not be sure
source of disease for your genital
whether the people keep it hygienic
organ!
or not.
• Change your underwear at minimum
• Avoid stress. A bad psycological
twice a day. Not changing your
condition can decrease the quality
underwear regularly could bring
of sperm and ovum. Stress could
germs, bacteria, and fungy to your sex
cause metabolic disroption which
organ.
will influence all organs including
• Avoid using tight pants because it will
reproductive organ.
make the vagina and penis difficult
• Avoid unhealthy lifestyle like smoking
to get the air cilculation. For men,
and using drugs. Do a lot of exercise
loose pants like boxer is better to use
and consuming healthy food. Our
than tight pants because it can disrupt
lifestyle will also influence the quality
sperm production.
of our sex organs, so let’s start to live a
healthy life from now!

Say Hello! To Our Body! 17


Female
• Clean vagina in the correct way, in • When you are in menstrual period,
one dirrection, from vagina towards change your pads after urinating. Also
anus, not vice versa. The purpose is change it everytime it feels humid or
that so the germs in anus do not go to every three hours. It is important to
the vagina. wash your vagina before changing
• Always bring smooth paper tissue pads in order to prevent the germs in
wherever you go to keep your vagina vagina to contaminate the new pads.
dry after going to the toilet. If your • Before disposing the menstrual pads,
vagina is humid, it can grow bacteria. it is better if you wash and wraped it
• Do not wash your vagina with soap with paper before throwing it to the
or other chemical liquid too often disposal.
because it can kill the good bacteria.
If you do not pay attention to the
balance of bacteria, it will easily bring
fungy.

bring paper tissue to keep it dry after


Male urinating.
• Clean the penis thoroughly everytime • Avoid placing laptop on your lap.
you are done urinating. If you are The heat of the laptop is not good
not circumsized, clean the penis by for penis and testicles. Testicles only
pulling back the foreskin first so that function well if the temperature is
you can clean the urin which is left below the other part of the body.
over there. The negative impacts of getting to
• Avoid using soap to clean the penis. much heat is low sperm count, sperm
Same as vagina, the good bacteria in death, and imperfect sperm form.
the penis could die if you wash it with The impact will be last in months.
soap too often. Moreover, if the testicles temperature
• Fungy could also grow in penis if the is increased up to 980C, the sperm
condition is humid. Therefore, always production will be stopped.

18 Say Hello! To Our Body!


What is
Cause:
• Cervical cancer is caused by Human
Papiloma Virus (HPV). At first, the
virus just causes infection in cervix.
Cervical Cancer and Vaginal However, If the HPV infection is
Over-Liquid? occured in a long period of time
without proper treatment, it will grow
Cervical Cancer to cervical cancer.
• Firstly, the cancer cells grow from a
cervix infection which located at the
Female genital organ is vulnerable
bottom of uterus where it joints with
to variouse diseases. One of those is
the top of vagina. Then, low immune
cervical cancer. The disease appears in
system make the infection worst and
a form of malignant tumor (neoplasm)
lead to cancer.
in the cervix uteri. The tumor can
• This virus can spread troughout
spread to another organs and lead to
touching. For example, if your hand
death.
is contaminated with HPV, and you
touch your vagina after that, you’ll
be infected by cervical cancer. That is
why, the spreading of this virus can
easily occur in a public toilet.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 19


Some Factors that can • Having so many children (more
multiply the risk of having than five). When a woman is giving
cervical cancer (cited from: birth naturally, the baby will come
through cervix and cause a trauma
HYPERLINK “http://www.kankerserviks.
org” www.kankerserviks.org) are:
which could trigger the cancer cell to
be active. The more often a baby pass
through it, the more often the trauma
• Women over 40 years old are the ones
happened as well as the risk of having
who are more vulnerable to infected
cervical cancer.
by cervical cancer).
• Vaginal disease which happened for
• Not taking a good clean of the genital
a long time without having proper
organ.
treatment.
• Having sexual intercourse at an
• Using menstrual pads which contain
early age ( above 20 years old), often
dioxin (chemical liquid which used
changing sex partners, or having
to whithened recycled material that is
sexual intercourse with the man who
used in the pads).
often changing sex partners. HPV
• Weak immune system, lack of vitamin
virus can spread throughout sexual
C, E, and folic acid, and Other
intercourse. For example, if a man was
unhealthy behaviour like smoking
having sex with other woman who is
habit.
infected by cervical cancer and after
that he is having sex with you, you
could possibly infected by the HPV.

Let’s take Pap Smear test!


Cervical cancer can be detected by taking pap smear
test. Pap Smear is a method which detect the changing
in the cervix which cause by Human Papiloma Virus.
The purpose of this test is to find cells which can
potentially turn to cancer cells in the cervix, so we can
take the precaustion if we are about to get infected.

When taking pap smear test, a


speculum will be inserted into the
vagina to take cell sample from the
cervix. Speculum is a metal device
which used to widen the vagina wall Pap smear could detect more
and to see the vagina and cervix than 90% of early cervical
directly. cancer which is still curable.

20 Say Hello! To Our Body!


In Indonesia, if you want to important thing that many doctor.
take pap smear test usually (Discussion about virginity will be
you will be asked whether explained in the chapter)
you are already married or The choice is yours: health or virginity?
However, if you want to take pap
not? smear test, it’s better for you to get the
Why? Because pap smear test can tear information about which clinic provide
up hymen. In Indonesia, hymen is youth friendly services.
considered as a sign of virginity, and
virginity, here, is considered as a very

Vaginal
Over-Liquid turn to white pasta form. In un-normal
condition, the vaginal liquid will turn
Everyday, vagina is secreting liquids. to dark colour (yellowish, brownish,
In the vagina of adult women, there or grey) and is itchy. This is happened
are good bacteria called lactobacillus because of the presence of bad bacteria
doderlein. In a normal condition, usually is Hemophilus vaginalis.
the amount of the bacteria is pretty
dominant and gives an acid condition The cause of white vaginal
for the vagina so that it has a pretty discharge:
strong protection. Besides, the vagina • In a normal condition vaginal liquid
also produce clear and un-odor is appear in ovulate period, when a
liquid to protect it from the infection. woman is sexually aroused, or when a
Indonesia, this secretion of liquid is woman is emotionally stress.
called as keputihan (whitish), and • In un-normal condition, whitish
in normal condition it happens in occur because instable hormone,
ovulating time (when the egg cell is high/low blood sugar, low immune
mature and ready to get fertilized) or system, unclean vagina, or infected by
12-14 days after menstrual period. sexually transmitted diseases.
The normal vaginal liquid which is
usually occur in the middle of the To control the normal vaginal liquid,
period is in a form of lumpy liquid, you should consume a healthy food
and then turn to thin mucus and soppy which contains a lot of fiber and
in the middle of ovulate period. After vitamin c
the fertile period, the vaginal liquid is
Say Hello! To Our Body! 21
Puberty
Let’s find out about the
main actor of our puberty!
Change a lot, Feel a lot! We Changed because of Hormone

As we grow up, we can’t resist form “There are so many hormones that
physical changes. In the changing are stored in our body. It is them, the
process from a child to adult, our body hormone, which works behind the
is experiencing puberty period which scenes to keep us ‘alive’.”
consist of many dramatic changes.
The appearance of soft hair around
your genital, voice changes, changes Prof.DR.Dr.Ketut Suastika, Sp.PD-
of breast size, menstruation and wet KEMD –Internist Doctor
dreams are some things which occur
when we are in puberty period. Why Hormones are chemical substances
does it occur? Why does our body produced by endocrine glands or
change? Is it possible if we don’t want it clogged gland. Endocrine glands do
to occur in our body? not have a channel. That is why the
substance produced by these glands
The answer of those questions is only goes into the blood stream and follows
one: the circulation of blood throughout
the body. Then, when the hormone is
HORMON. arrived at the targetted organ, it will
Yes, it is hormone which control a stimulate changes. The changes which
person’s puberty. are controlled by Hormones are usually
need lengthy time, for example sexual
growth.
Hormones have a certain effect on
the activity of organs in the body.
The function of hormones is sending
signals between cells in the body,
ranging from blood pressure, the
process of growth, cell repair, appetite,
fertility, metabolism, reproduction,
regulation of pain, until the hour of
sleep.
In the reproductive system, we have
the primary sexual hormones. Those
are testosterone for man and estrogens
for woman. Actually, both hormones
exist in both man and woman but

22 Say Hello! To Our Body!


with different amount. Man has more determining the sex of the fetus and
number of testosterone, and Woman the development of sex organs that
has more number of estrogens. We can correspond to the normal pattern. They
find those hormones in man’s testicles also determine puberty and our sexual
and woman’s ovaries. behaviour.
Sex hormones are responsible for

Let’s see their task more


specifically!
Hormones and Its Role in
the Period of Puberty

Estrogens is a sex hormone


produced by the uterus to stimulate
the growth of female sex organs. The
functions of estrogens for woman
include:
• Stimulate the growth of woman’s
sexual organs such as breast
enlargement, growth of fine hair
around the genitals, and hip
enlargement which are considered
as secondary sex characteristics.
Secondary sex characteristics are of estrogen in man can cause a
attribute that are not directly related reduction of sexual arousal, hard
to reproduction, but can be used to to erect (aroused), and even breast
distinguish male and female. enlargement. The triggers which
• Regulate the menstrual cycle. increase the estrogen number in man
• Maintaining the condition and are the consumption of drugs, liver
elasticity of the vaginal wall disease and Klinefelter’s syndrome
• Produce vaginal lubrication (excess number of X chromosomes).
• Keeping the female breast texture and Moreover, obesity can also lead to
function increased levels of estrogen, because
Man also have estrogens, but the the fat converts into estrogen by the
number is relatively few. High levels body system..

Say Hello! To Our Body! 23


Progesterone is a female sex which becomes more severe, penis
hormone. Progesterone is produced enlargement, and muscle growth.
by endocrine glands remaining after • After Puberty, Testosterone functions
ovulation. Progesterone influences to regulate sex desire.
the menstrual cycle, pregnancy and Norepinephrine is a hormone
embryogenesis (formation processes that gives a sense of excitement in
and embryonic development). the body, giving a natural shot of
Progesterone also functions to thicken adrenaline that causes the heart to
the wall of the uterus after ovulation. beat faster and the blood pressure to
Over Oxytocin is a hormone increase.
in woman that works to stimulate Vasopressin is a hormone that
uterine contractions in pushing the regulates urine to come out of the
baby out when giving birth. Oxytocin bladder.
is also useful to help the uterus shrink
to its normal size after childbirth and
Serotonin is a hormone produced
in the digestive tract. This hormone
stimulate milk production during
controls mood, appetite and sleep.
lactation.
Excess serotonin can cause anxiety,
Prostaglandin is a hormone confusion, increased heart rate, dilated
which is responsible for stimulating pupils, loss of muscle coordination,
the pregnancy. Woman produce this sweating, diarrhea, headache, chills,
hormone when the fetus is ready for nausea, vomiting, convulsions, high
birth. Moreover, the Semen which fever, irregular heartbeat, uncontrolled
is secreted when man ejaculate also movements, and loss of consciousness.
contains prostaglandin hormone. Serotonin deficiency can cause anxiety,
Testosterone is a sex hormone depression, phobias (excess of fear),
normally produced by the testicles pessimistic, anxious, lack of confidence,
of man. However, the hormone is irritability, sleep disturbances, Pre
also produced in small amounts by Menstrual Syndrome, headaches, and
the uterus of woman and the adrenal backaches.
glands of both man and woman.
• Testosterone helps initiate the
development of the testicles and penis
in the male fetus.
• Testosterone affects the changes
in secondary sex characteristics
of males, such as: growth of beard
and moustache, change of voice

24 Say Hello! To Our Body!


“Wet”

Dream

One sign of boys entering puberty is Not only men, women could also
having a ‘wet’ dream. “Wet” dream is experience erotic dreams in his sleep,
an erotic dream which is commonly but there are only a few women who
experienced by men. Usually the man could recall the chronologic. Most of
dreams of kissing, cuddling, and having them even forget altogether. That is
sexual intercourse until it achieves why people assume that women can
orgasm (sexual satisfaction) which is not have a nocturnal emissions a.k.a
characterized by ejaculating. It is called wet dream.
as ‘wet’ dream because the secretion
of semen and sperm when the man Generally, people experienced a wet
ejaculating causes the area around his dream since the age of 14 or 15 years
genitals wet. old until age 50 years old, so it’s not just
The official term of wet dream is teenagers who experience wet dreams.
spontaneous orgasm. Wet dream in the
medical world is known as nocturnal At the age of 17-18 years old, about 2
emission, which is an expenditure of 3 men will experience a wet dream.
of semen mixed with sperm while Wet dreams occur because the bladder
sleeping. is full, and then the existence of sexual
activity in mind, and stimulation of
the mattress or pillow. Those things
stimulate the penis and cause the
sperm out of the penis.

The findings of research at the University


of Montreal stated that 40 percent of
women have wet dreams before they
were in the age of 45 years old.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 25


Menstruation
Female puberty starts with menstruation.
In Indonesia, Menstruation has many
names, including haid and datang bulan
(coming months)
Each month, the ovary will produce
an egg cell (the baby). To prepare
for pregnancy, the uterine lining will Beside menstruation, one
thicken because of the blood layer. If of the characters of female
the egg is not fertilized by sperm cells, puberty is the appearance
the uterine wall will disintegrate and of sexual desire.
menstruation occurs.
• The first menstruation (menarche) Women’s sexual arousal in puberty
in women usually occurs at age 10- period usually tends to be expressed by
15 years old and women who have telling or discussing erotic things. For
experience menstruation are able to example when you imagine of making
have pregnancy. love with someone, and then have
• Some women experience abdominal sexual activities with him/her.
pain during menstruation. This ( HYPERLINK “http://kosmo.vivanews.com/
symptom is normal because in this news/read/217305-delapan-fakta-seputar-gairah-
period the uterus contracts and bercinta” http://kosmo.vivanews.com/news/
read/217305-delapan-fakta-seputar-gairah-
decays its walls.
bercinta)

CAUTION!
It is better to avoid sexual activity
in the form of penetration while
menstruating because:
1. Walls of the uterus which decay
could develop into the medium of
various diseases. Another feature of girls in puberty
2. Menstrual fluid is an effective which is seen easily is when you feel
medium for the spread of sexually upset when your crush has a partner, or
transmitted infections. when you feel very happy when you are
3. The vagina is in a very sensitive close to someone you love.
condition, so it is dangerous if ( HYPERLINK “http://ceria.bkkbn.go.id/referensi/
penetration occur. media/download/5-kie.pdf ” http://ceria.bkkbn.
go.id/referensi/media/download/5-kie.pdf)

26 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Menstruation myths are still haunting and it is inter-
nalized in young people!
Only myths? Of course not! We’d love to tell you the fact, so please read these
paragraphs below!

Myth 1:

“Soft drinks can speed


up the completion of
menstruation.” Myth 2:

FACT: “Drinking ice during the


Menstruation is a process due to the period, can make a clogged!
uterus contraction and this is natural. “
Soft drinks do not shown to accelerate
the completion of the process of
menstruation, because whether it Fact:
is fast or slow is also influenced by The cold water do not have any effect if
psychological and physical factors. taken during menstruation. Except, if
Anyway, is that important to finish you devour the freezer and refrigerator,
your period of menstruation? Hmm of course it would be very dangerous.
you can spend your time of waiting
with reading this book until the last
page. Agree?

Say Hello! To Our Body! 27


Myth 3: Myth 5:
“Menstruation makes body “Wearing pads during
become limp. “ menstruation causing
infertility”
Fact:
The study mentions that menstrual Fact:
blood is removed the body ranged from Big wrong!
50-150 milliliters, or about four to six Medically, using pads during
tablespoons. In contrast to the time of menstruation is a method to keep
blood donation. So, it is not true that vagina clean and dry. Essentially all
the body will become weak because of of the pads is healthy, although there
bleeding during menstruation. Don’t be are also some women who suffer from
mad, please! allergies and irritation. It depends on
the sensitivity of the female genital
Myth 4: organs of different individuals.
It is recommended that during
“Do not wash your hair menstruation for as often as possible
during menstruation! “ change your pads (ideally every 3-4
hours), especially when you’re over-
bleeding, and after using toilets.
Fact: Anyway, if woman sanitary pads could
In fact, menstruation makes sweat make barren, why does the assorted
gland production increased compared brand products still growing up until
to the normal day. To that end, during this moment?
menstruation it is advisable to clean up
yourself often, including shampooing.

28 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Female Reproductive
Process:

Pregnancy
“Where did the baby come from? Why
is, if you are pregnant, your tummy so
fat? “

That question must have occurred  

when we were a little kid. Various


stories are given to us about the origin The process of pregnancy
of babies, ranging from cranes which
send the baby through the chimney, the At the time of penetration,
flour dough which is cooked, until the the sperm will look for the
story about human who comes from presence of egg. From the
the leaves before it is born into the millions of sperm released
world. during male ejaculation,
Ridiculous? Obviously! Actually, we only one sperm cell which
have the right to know the truth about could fertilize the egg.
where we originally came from.
As mentioned earlier, people come
from the reproductive cells of the
egg and sperm. Sperm fertilization of The fertilized egg develops
egg creates the pregnancy. From the into an embryo and
pregnancy, the baby is born. attaches to the wall of the
Pregnancy can occur usually when a uterus to develop into a
woman is in the fertile period which zygote and grows into a
is 14 days after the first period of the fetus.
month. However, it is possible that
women may experience pregnancy
outside the fertile period.
The fetus will grow in the
uterus for approximately
Advanced technology makes the 280 days (nine months and
pregnancy can not only be created ten days) before finally
because of sexual relations, but also born.
through methods such as artificial
insemination.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 29


What are the signs of
pregnancy?
• Not menstruating
• abdominal bloating
• Nausea and vomiting in the morning
• A little bleeding in the vagina
• Enlarged breasts
• Frequent urination
• Some women feel tired and sensitive
to smells

Births

Birth is the process of baby coming out for helping the contraction, the uterus
of a woman’s womb. also produce relaxin hormone for
relaxation. It used to soften the cervix
At the time of pregnancy estrogen and loosen the pelvis to facilitate the
production is increased. The older the delivery process.
pregnancy, the higher production of Contraction and relaxation are taking
estrogen is needed. Estrogen is useful place simultaneously. The existence of
for uterine contractions during the relaxation of the muscles around the
birth process. Besides, oxytocin and uterus causes contractions. Wow, it’s
prostaglandins are also produced to really amazing, isn’t it?
help the birth process.
Beside the hormones which are useful

30 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Male
Reproductive Process: Cleavage that occurs is a Meiosis
division, the cleavage that occurs in the
Spermatogenesis (sperm formation of gametes which aims to
formation process) reduce the number of chromosomes.
The primary spermatocyte undergoes
Sperm cells are sex cells (gametes) Meiosis division to form two secondary
produced by the male. Sperm are spermatocytes. The number of
produced by the testes. Male testicle secondary spermatocyte chromosomes
capable of producing millions of sperm is half of the primary spermatocyte
cells every day and secreting about cells.
2 million sperm each time a man Furthermore secondary speratosit
ejaculates. will experience splitting into four
spermatids. These spermatids are the
The process of formation of sperm is cells that will become sperm cells.
called spermatogenesis.

Spermatogenesis occurs through


3. Differentiation phase
Spermatids which are formed on the
several phases, which are:
phase of division must be transformed
in order to be able to swim to find the
1. Growth phase location of the egg. Its initial form, a
In this phase, the prospective sperm sphere-shaped, seems to not be able to
cells are grown, enlarged, and reach the egg. Therefore, spermatids
duplicated. The addition of core must have to transform to be the sperm
material, DNA synthesis and synthesis cells that are ready to fertilize an egg.
of cell organelles is also occurred. This After the transformation, it forms four
phase is also called as the phase of active sperm cells whose structure has
preparation before cleavage. changed. Now the sperm is shaped like
End of growth phase is the formation a tadpole, with a head shape like an
of spermatogonia (sperm stem cells) arrowhead and a length tail. This form
that are ready to cleave. is intended so that sperm cells could
easily swim to reach the egg.
2. Cleavage phase
Spermatogonia that are formed
will undergo a process of division.
Spermatogonia which are formed later
will be the primary spermatocytes.
These Primary spermatocytes are
the one which will undergo cleavage.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 31


Sexual
Activity
Rarely Discussed, Most stimulate the sexual organs themselves
Practiced! or can be done with the help of others
by rubbing or using tools to achieve
Here are some common sexual orgasm or sexual satisfaction.
activities performed by people:
Masturbation is the safest and un-risky
Masturbation sexual activity. Masturbation tends
to be a conversation that is no longer
Do you know the term masturbation? taboo among men, but among women,
Have you ever heard of or ever done masturbation is rarely the subject of
it? Lol :D Masturbation is the local conversation and rarely performed.
stimulation to the genitals which In fact, masturbation is beneficial
are deliberately made to achieve for women. Even the sex therapists
sexual pleasure or sexual gratification recommend masturbation for women
without having intercourse. Beside who have difficulty reaching orgasm.
masturbation, In Indonesia, it is Masturbation can indeed help us to
also developing other terms such as know our body better. (You can read
“rancap”, “coli”, “kocok (shake)”, which the myths about masturbation in the
essentially remains as activities to next section!)

Many people usually feel guilty after masturbating


because many considered it as a sexual deviation. This
is clearly wrong. Masturbation is a sexual activity that is
natural and good for health if done correctly

Petting Although the penis does not


Petting was activity of rubbing your enter the vagina and only
genitals to your partner without swiped around the vagina,
penetrating. Petting can be done by if the male ejaculate
using clothes or not. In this activity, and release sperm, the
couple fondle and stimulate each other. pregnancy still can be
occurred.

32 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Intercourse/ Coitus
Intercourse (also known as copulation Not only as a process
or coitus) is a sexual act performed of reproduction, sexual
by merging / touching the genitals intercourse is also the
with the other genitals. Intercourse oldest recreational activity
is the most important part in the in human history.
reproduction process. Through these
activities, sperm can fertilize the ovum.

1. Sexual activities through vagina


This kind of sexual activities is the one
which most commonly performed. In
this activity, the penis enters the vagina. 3. Sexual activities through mouth
Both sides engaged each other until it (oral sex)
reaches the climax of sexual pleasure Mouth can also be a sexual organ.
which is marked with an orgasm. Touching the genitals by mouth is
called oral sex. In this activity, the
2. Sexual activities through the anus penis or vagina is making contact
(anal sex) with the mouth. However, genital and
In this activity, Penis is directed to oral hygiene should be maintained if
enter the anus. Before engaging in anal you want to do this activity because
sex, it needs an adequate preparation so it is easy to exchange the bacteria and
that the activity which will occur does disease if it is not done safely.
not injure the anus. This is because
the anus is not designed to be a sexual
organ. Therefore, penetration through
anal sex should be done slowly.

The anus does not secrete lubrication


fluid like the vagina. That is why it is
important to use enough lubricant
so that the sexual activity does not
injure the anus and penis. You must
pay attention to the cleanliness of the
penis and anus. That is why the use of
condoms is recommended for anal sex.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 33


Orgasms
When men experience orgasm,
their bodies will release a number of
hormones such as norepinephrine,
what are these? serotonin, oxytocin, vasopressin
and prolactin. The release of these
According to Webster dictionary, hormones will make men feel sluggish
‘orgasm’ is taken from the Greek word and making it difficult for them to not
“orgasmos” from the word “Orgon” feel sleepy after having orgasm.
which means “to be mature” and
“passionate” or “full of desire”.
Orgasm in women can be achieved
by stimulation of the clitoris. Do you
Has anybody ever had an orgasm? Like know that the effectiveness of clitoris
a bow and arrows that are released stimulation could reach 95%? Why is
right on target on target, that was the this very effective? It is because there
beginning of orgasm. Orgasm is the are a lot of blood vessels and nerves
climax of sexual activity of human in the clitoris. That is why it is very
being. At the moment of orgasm, the sensitive to stimulation.
body will feel the sensation of pleasure
like flying! The mind will be empty for Women have the ability to achieve
a while, the muscles begin to relax, and orgasm more than once within a short
then it spreads throughout the body. time (multiple orgasms) without the
need to perform recovery of physical
condition. On the other hand, While
In males, orgasm is generally male is having an orgasm, they will
characterized by the discharge of experience a recovery phase called
sperm and semen. In women, orgasm the refractory period (dissolution /
can not be seen by naked eye. deflection), which at this time men
more difficult to reach ejaculation

On average, women can experience After ejaculating, man was always


orgasm for 13-51 seconds. exhausted. Why? The semen which
is secreted, about 5 ml per ejaculate,
contains zinc, selenium, protein,
When experiencing orgasm, women vitamins A, C, E, and sugar. The
release the oxytocin hormone which excretion of that variety of nutrients
gives the feeling of relaxed, happy and causes premature fatigue, weakness,
away from stress, so that orgasm can and prolonged hunger, and the
often become a drug to treat nervous energy which is wasted during sexual
tension or migraine. intercourse is about 36 calories or
equivalent with 1, 5 km running.

34 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Contraception
The unknown saviour of life.

What’s on your mind when hearing the


word ‘contraceptives’? Do you know
that various types of contraceptive
methods and tools are available on the
market? Well, which ones do you know
more?

1. Natural Method
Interrupted intercourse (coitus Cervical mucus method: by taking
interuptus): The way this is done is by fluids from the vagina, we could know
pulling out the penis from the vagina whether a woman is in a fertile period
during ejaculation. As a result, the or not. If there are more fluids than
sperm can not enter the vagina. usual, or it feels more wet and humid, it
means that the woman is in her fertile
Rhythm / calendar method: Through period and likely to be pregnant if she
this method, pregnancy is prevented by is having sex.
setting the time of sexual intercourse
based on the computation time of
female fertility. Through this method,
the woman’s fertile period of fourteen
days before the next menstrual period
is the time it is inevitable to have sexual
intercourse.

Basal temperature methods: When


women’s temperature is higher than
normal, at this time, women are in her
fertile period. The measurement of
body temperature is done after waking
up in the morning with a thermometer.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 35


2. Barriers method
The male condom: a tool used at
the time of going to engage in sexual
intercourse by placing on the penis
so that semen can not enter into the
female uterus and prevent pregnancy.

The female condom: The shape is flat.


It could be inserted into the vagina
because it is soft and elastic. ( siapin
gambar ya)

Diaphragm: It was done by closing


the cervix from the incoming sperm.
Flexible rubber circle will close the
mouth of the uterus if it is installed
in the vagina six hours before
intercourse. The effectiveness of these
contraceptives may decrease if it is
pulled too fast (less than eight hours
after intercourse). (siapin gambar ya)

IUDs / IUD (intra-uterine device):


This tool is made of plastic and copper
in T-shaped (that is why it is called
Cuper T). This tool is used to put into
the uterus. This tool serves to prevent
the egg to be fertilized in the uterus.
This is an effective tool with capabilities
of success up to 97-98% in preventing
pregnancy. The duration of usage can
be up to four or five years, but after that
it must be replaced with the new one. (
siapin gambar ya)

36 Say Hello! To Our Body!


3. Hormonal
contraception method
Birth control pills: The advantage of Implants birth control: Implants
this pill is women still have regular birth control is inserted under the
menstruation and reducing cramps or women’s rm skin and done by a doctor.
pain during menstruation. Fertility can The doctor will insert a small tube
be recovered by simply stopping the containing hormones that are released
use of these pills. in small increments, thus preventing
Injectable birth control: This type of pregnancy.
contraception is basically has the same
function as the pills.

4. Settled Contraception
Tubectomy: cutting or binding of the
Fallopian tubes so that sperm and egg
cells can not be met and fertilized. (ada 5. Emergency
skemanya) contraception method
Vasectomy: cutting or fastening the Emergency contraception commonly
vas deferens (vas deferens) so that referred to the Special Pill to Prevent
sperm can not get out of the penis and Pregnancy consumed by women only.
can not get into the uterus and cause Emergency contraception works by
pregnancy. blocking the fertilization of an egg.
Emergency contraception is effective
if taken as soon as possible after sexual
intercourse in maximum time of
seventy two hours.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 37


Risks of Unsafe
Sexual Syphilis
Activity Can occur in men and women
Cause: the Treponema pallidum
bacteria
Symptoms: Chronic Infections in 3
stages:
Talking about sexual and reproductive Primary: single wound to the genitals,
health can not be parted away from but no pain.
talking various diseases that may result Secondary: pimples / red spots on
from risky and unsafe sexual activity. the body, enlarged regional lymph
nodes without signs of inflammation,
Sexually Transmitted asymptomatic latent period.
Infections (STI) is a disease Tertiary: abnormalities of the heart,
or infection caused by nerves, skin and blood vessels.
sexual activity contacts.
The disease is caused Gonorrhoea
by the entrance and the Can occur in men and women
breeding of germs in the Cause: The Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
reproductive organs. Germs bacteria
that cause infection can be Symptoms: pain and burning feeling
in forms of bacteria, fungi, when urinating with thick yellowish
viruses and parasites. discharge and smell.
Further result: pregnancy outside the
Behavior which is at risk of having uterus (molar pregnancies), infertility,
STIs: and infection in the baby’s eyes.
• Often changing sexual partners and
having sex without condoms.
• Having sexual intercourse at young
Herpes
Can occur in men and women
age (under 20 years old
Cause: The Genital Herpes Virus
(HSV2)
Types of STIs
Symptoms: small red bumps and pain
The diseases of the reproductive organs
appear in the genital area (genital
was different, the following are some
herpes) or mouth (oral herpes)
examples of common STIs.

38 Say Hello! To Our Body!


HIV and AIDS
Chlamydia Infection I believe that you must have heard
Can occur in men and women about this disease. Yup! HIV and AIDS
Cause: The Chlamydia Trachomatis are popular as a deathly disease.
bacteria
Symptoms: watery vaginal discharge
and yellowish white, pain in the pelvic According to the data from Choice;
cavity, and bleeding after intercourse. for youth and sexuality Netherlands
In men, it causes a burning sensation (HYPERLINK “http://choiceforyouth.
while urinating. In women, it can org”http://choiceforyouth.org) every
disrupt the menstrual period. minute, in the world, six people are
infected by HIV, and 50% of them are
Bakterial Vaginosis youth.
Occur in women
Cause: Gardnerella vaginalis and
Anaerobic bacteria HIV (Human Immunodeficiency
Symptoms: Grayish and smells fishy Virus) and AIDS (Acquired Immuno
vaginal fluid after intercourse, itching. Deficiency Syndrome) is a disease
that attacks human’s immune system.
Someone who is infected by it will
Candidiasis vulvovaginitis be easy to get infection and tumour.
Occur in women Though, there is a medication to slower
Cause: Candida Albicans (a type of the growth of the virus, but this disease
fungus) is not really remediable.
Symptoms: white vaginal discharge like
sour milk and clotted, vaginal itching, Initially, AIDS come from the infection
redness, and swelling of HIV. When someone got AIDS,
his/her body will be easily got some
diseases like TBC, pneumonia, or
cancer which are end with death.

The development of HIV to AIDS

Infected
WINDOW PERIOD

Months Years Years  


Say Hello! To Our Body! 39
The spreading of • Using a sterile hypodermic needle

HIV & AIDS:


• Giving an Anti Retroviral medicine,
Caesar surgical operation, and giving
a formula’s food too decrease the
spreading of HIV from mom to the
HIV can be spread through children
the exchange of body
liquid; blood, semen (not The Handling for someone
sperm), vaginal liquid and
breast milk. who has already infected by
HIV:
• Unsafe sex, neither with vagina, anus • Check the HIV status whether it is
or mouth. positive or negative by blood checking
• Without a special therapy, a baby can in the laboratory or hospital
be infected by her mom when he/she • The ARV (Anti retroviral) is given for
still in the womb or through milk that elongates life expectancy and hamper
he/she gets from her mom. the rate of the virus. The medicine
• The using of unsterile hypodermic should be consumed everyday with a
needle. tight schedule in a lifetime
• Blood transfusion • ARV can be accessed by anyone and
the government also subsidizing it.
HIV and AIDS are not
spreading through: The patient of HIV and AIDS
could have a healthy and
• Tidur bersama di satu tempat productive life as long as
• Bersentuhan, berjabat tangan, consuming the medicine
berciuman, atau berpelukan. continuously, be healthy,
• Alat makan: sendok, piring, gelas, and get supported by the
garpu surroundings.
• Gigitan nyamuk, serangga, atau
binatang peliharaan.
• Pakaian
• Batuk dan bersin.
• Kolam renang

Prevention:
• Never do an unsafe sex and always
using condom when you decide to
have sex

40 Say Hello! To Our Body!


CHAPTER 2
Who Owns our Body?

Say Hello! To Our Body! 41


Who Owns
our Body?
Dirty, porn, bawdy, guilty and sort Are you curious why we feel discomfort
of those words are the words coming if we have started talking about human
out from mind or even spoken out bodies? The causes are the doctrine of
when we conduct a conversation culture and social environment saying
about sex, aren’t they? It is certainly a that genitals are pamali (forbidden) to
taboo to talk about sex. Moreover, it is discuss, even by teenager. It is taboo,
embarrassing, isn’t it? guilt, disgusting, and dirt. We are
immature to understand those things.
It is not only about sexual activities, It seems that genital is only about
but also our genital organ that being adult’s secret affair as like key answer
improper to be explicitly talked sheet of test. Moreover, parents often
– even more in public places that lie and conceal it when their children
could be heard by many people. As a ask for body’s reproductive system
consequence, we used to mention our and shift it into different topic of
own genital as “kemaluan (shyness)” or conversation.
“anu (‘that’)”.
Talking about reproductive system
Genitalia? Why is genital called and sexuality is not only related to
genitalia? Is it embarrassing of having biological matters, but also how this
penis or vagina? Whereas our genital is aspect is connected with our society.
one of the most important parts of our Reproductive system and human
body –as well as eyes or hand –right? sexuality have a tendency to be
So, why do we often discriminate penis considered as taboo and avoided topic
or vagina rather than other parts of the in conversation.
body? Why it is so disgusting when
we discuss genital organ as like it is
inferior to others and forbidden to be
spoken out? Finally, the answer is only
one: taboo!

42 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Before we learn more about
social aspect, firstly, we
will discuss about sex and
gender.
If we discuss sex matter, there must more “powerful”, therefore the teacher
be a misunderstanding and confusion deserves to do anything to her? Are
regarding the terms. Moreover in we willing to look more mothers died
Indonesia, we have been thinking because they consciously do not access
negatively even sex only spoken out a to contraception in order to obey they
little, and most people think only about husband to continue pregnancy even
‘having sex’ when talking about sex. It with improbably health condition?
is dirty, inappropriate, nasty, and taboo.
While, in fact, finding out about our Therefore, it is necessary to discuss
own body is obviously not a crime. sexuality. Because from understanding
our sexuality and recognizing body
Let’s discuss it together, so it won’t raise well, we can take control over our
confusion, disturbance, or furrows in body, claim our rights, and avoid other
face! people from ruling and regulating our
body.
Sexuality matters include not only
the body of woman and man, but also According to Michael Foucault,
power, interests in society, and another well-known as France philosopher,
complexity. Why are we predisposed sexuality is not only a matter of body
to consider sexuality as worthless or satisfaction, but also how the power
topic compared to poverty, economy, acts beneath it. Besides political power
corruption, education, or environment? that we commonly heard, we will
introduce you to the power who has
Isn’t it heartbreaking when a girl “sold” ruled our body!
by her parents because the family
cannot afford paying debts? Isn’t it
miserable when a teacher sexually
assaulted his student and when the
student is asked why she did not fight
back, the answer is because she is
afraid of the teacher and her teacher

Say Hello! To Our Body! 43


Have you ever asked
curiously?

Why ever since they born,


women are considered as
property of men? a woman
is a responsibility of her
father before married, and
her husband’s after married
(clearly depicted in Get
Married, the Indonesian
movie)
Why is sexual
conversation considered
as a sin? Isn’t God already
invented all organ and
sexual desire accordance
with its functions for us?

Why do men only can


love with women and
women can pairs with
men only? Heart-feeling
is something natural and
cannot be ruled, isn’t it?

Why is transgender
perceived as a guilty
person and deserves
to get unpleasant
behaviour? Does
transgender corrupting
our money as what the
corruptor does?

44 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Why is only woman
be blamed when
she decide to do an
abortion? Whereas
that is not only her
decision. Moreover,
it is her owns body,
isn’t it?
Why it is a common
thing when people
generally think that
women who clothed
in mini dress will be
easily get raped?
Why are not many
rape cases finished to
be investigated with
reason that the rapist
is their own family, so
law justice cannot be
applied?
Why does women
have to cover her
genitals, while
men have never
been asked to stop
thinking “porn”
every time they see
women?

Why is masturbation
regarded as disgusting
behaviour? It isn’t
damaging anyone, right?

Say Hello! To Our Body! 45


In this case, who owns the power of our It is important for us to
body? They are: know who they are that
• State they claim to ‘own’ our
• Traditional law or religion body and understanding
• Education institute: school, university. deeper our body.
• Mass media Knowledge of the body will
• Family rule ourselves and it helps
us how to make a decision
responsibly.

TABOO
causes vulnerability of
to stimulate sexual desire, yet he
overdoses the drugs and died.
teenager!
Some youth may control their curiosity
We have known that youth is a period and prefer to be abstinence and remain
fulfilled by curiosity of many things silent. However, most of them choose
and seeking answer of it is not enough. to find out through many sources such
We need answer, knowledge and as internet, magazine, newspapers,
information as accurate and as clear as porn video, and other sources which
possible, don’t we? are not 100 % valid. What is the effect
to young people? Misinterpretation,
Sex perceived as taboo can be seen by patchy knowledge and false step! So
unavailability of access concerning dangerous!
Comprehensive Sexual Education
(sexual education which gives Notice carefully the data from
explanation explicitly and clearly). Panduan Pengelolaan Pusat Konseling
Because of it, teenager knowledge Remaja BKKBN (Indonesian Planned
about reproductive organ, sexual Parenthood Body) year 2009 and
intercourse, and sexuality is limited. Pedoman Pelayanan Kesehatan Peduli
Furthermore, when they finally get Remaja (Guidance in Youth Friendly
more information, it is often from Health Services) in PUSKESMAS by
unreliable source. For example, there Indonesian Ministry of Health year
is a boy who tries consuming drugs 2005 below...

46 Say Hello! To Our Body!


49,6%of HIV/AIDS sufferers
Inaccessibly knowledge, limited
information, the system of ineffective
censor, the ban of some sex books
are young people

97%
and websites, the rules to forbid
young people’s body are the forms of
process of refusing sexuality. Instead
of young people watch of rescuing young people, such kind
porn film

42%
of ban have plunged young people in
confusion. It is a wrong to know, and
more wrong to be naive of sexuality.
of young people have had That is why young people need
sexual intercourse

60%
openness in speaking sexuality, don’t
we?

of young people having sex Young people needs


without condom comprehensive sexual
27%of people who commit
education!
Openness to comprehend and talk
about sexuality can be depicted
abortion from the total through comprehensive sexual
of 2,5 million women are education which can inform obvious,
young women well-defined information concerning
During the quarter of month reproductive and sexuality matters.
(January-March) 2011 The most important thing is there is no
sexual violence faced disgusting comment of sexuality.
by children in Jakarta Comprehensive sexuality education
has happened 57 cases must be followed by explanation that
(National Child Protection they have rights in choosing decision,
Commission of Indonesia) and responsible of the decision they
have made. Its purpose is to help young
How? Isn’t it surprising, no? people recognize their own body. Do
you remember the saying, “We will not
From the data above, it can be
love something if we are not acquainted
concluded that the process refusing
with it”? If we are not acquainted with
sexuality or the amelioration is: “the
our body, how can we love them?
restriction of information” about
For example, we sacrifices to change
sexuality for adolescent is intended
our body image by hurting ourselves
to prevent them not to do forbidden
due to a demand from our boyfriend/
things such as sexual intercourse or
girlfriend, even we do not really want
having unintended pregnancy, in fact
and need it.
it has trapped teenager into more
dangerous “cliff ”.
Say Hello! To Our Body! 47
Sex education is necessary → to ensure individual rights in
obtaining accurate information of the body

If it is compared to a thing, comprehensive sexual education for young people is


a seat-belt which is made not to make people racing on the road, but to prevent
an accident. Comprehensive sexuality education taught to young people is not to
inspire us having sexual intercourse at that time. Actually, that knowledge is to
prevent disadvantages because we do not recognize our body and do not utilize
private authority as a determiner how to employ this body.

Now, let’s fix up this drinking product or man perfume


advertisements. His job is related
annoying taboo! to heavy work such as lifting goods,
becoming car driver, and he has huge
We start from penis and vagina which burden of responsibility to earn a
is constructed socially... living.

What comes to your mind when you Children period: boys and girls are
heard the word ‘woman’ and ‘man’? given different toys. Boy’s toys are
Woman: feminine, gently, beautiful, cars, guns, and everything which is
and her job is cooking in kitchen, identically boyish, but girl’s toys are
taking care of children and husband dolls, flowers, cooking equipment and
at home, flowery, embroidering and etc.
sewing clothes.
Adult period: man will be a leader,
Man: masculine, sturdy body, while woman will be a housewife. Man
louder voice, charismatic, muscular has been taught to be brave and has
muscle similar to the male model in bigger confidence because he will be

48 Say Hello! To Our Body!


the head of family and community Man and woman were born and
leader. The fact often contrasts with already have biological characteristic,
that general thought. There are having penis and vagina, yet after
also muscular, low-pitched voices, they were born, they acquire different
charismatic women who earn a living “social sex type” usually called gender.
for the family. On the other hand, there
are also men who capable to lead and
more skilful to take care of the house
and become like a ‘mother’ for his
children and always giving advice like
close friend.

Before we move on, let’s external and internal sex organ which
discuss the concepts we cannot be categorized as man and
have already used before! woman. Intersex can possess both
vagina and penis.
Sex- biological identity
Sex is the word meant human genitals. Sexual
When we talk about sex, it means we Each person has a life experience
are discussing human body biologically. involves sex or genitals, such as:
Sex is a human biological identity • First attraction to girl or boy, or even
including sex chromosome, hormone, both of them
internal reproduction organ, external • First menstruation
sex organ (as we have discussed in • Kissing
previous chapter) • Sexual intercourse, penetration
Human consists of different types of • Masturbation
sex:
• Man: individual who biologically
has penis as external sex organ, and Sexuality
testicle as internal reproduction Sexuality is a discussion of the
organ. matter of human body that comes
• Woman: individual who biologically from human sex experiences. It also
have vagina as external sex organ, discusses a matter related to social,
and uterus and ovaries as internal religion, politic and culture such as:
reproduction organ. • Sex
• Intersex: individual is called intersex • Identity and role of gender: how
when someone biologically have someone identify her/his gender
Say Hello! To Our Body! 49
including her/his role. For example • Pleasurable: the emerging of sensation
when you were born with penis but because of sexual activity, such as
you feel that you actually a female, orgasm.
then you might identify yourself as • Romance: intimacy among people
transgender. which is represented by act or
• Sexual orientation: how someone is activities, for example spoon-feeding
sexually attracted with other and is your partner.
oriented to them because he/she is • Reproduction: step of process to
her/his type of lover. For example, produce human using reproductive
when a girl sexually attracted with organ
other girl for some reasons then she
feel that she’s a lesbian.
• Eroticism: concrete sexual illustration
through mass media such as movies,
books, music containing elements that
encourage sexual desire. For instance:
kissing scene between Edward and
Bella in Twilight Saga the movie.

50 Say Hello! To Our Body!


So, this is the illustration: Gender
between us, sex,
Sex is when you wake up and realize
that you are a human. You see your personality, and people
genital as penis and/or vagina. outside
Sexual is when you know what Gender can be meant as role which
your genital is, then you seeing or emerges behavioural differences
do the sexual activity such as sexual between man and woman that are
intercourse or masturbation. socially constructed. These differences
are not natural, but human-made.
Sexuality is when you have obviously The personality associated to man or
understood what your genital is, how woman is socially and culturally made.
to do sexual activity, then you find out
other people who have varies gender Gender is not permanent, but
identity and sexual orientation at changeable, and exchangeable.
school, campus, office, bus station, Gender can be different from one
shopping places or gym, where in place to another because of different
those places you show off your gender places, races, classes, and era and is
identity to the world. also determined by social situation,
tradition or culture within the society.

Gender identity is different from


biological identity. Biological identity
is related to physical appearances,
while gender identity is emotional or
psychological feeling felt by individual.
Person, who was born as a boy or girl
biologically, can identify themselves
differently. Nowadays, fact has shown
that gender identity is no longer boy
and girl only!

Say Hello! To Our Body! 51


The Research of Margaret Mead
towards three communities in New
Below are some gender
Guinea (Macionis, 1996) shows: identity and its example:
• In Arapesh, the personality of man • Transgender is a concept of third
and woman is cooperative and gender identity when someone feels
sensitive (feminine tendencies) that his/her sex does not match
with their inner self. For instance,
• In Mundugumor, the personality of when his biological identity is man,
man and woman is independent and but he feels that he should be born
aggressive (masculine tendencies) as woman or on the contrary, her
biological identity is woman, but she
• In Tchambuli, the personality of man feels that he should be born as man.
and woman is different. Woman is
dominant and rationale, while man is • Transsexual is an individual
submissive, emotional and takes care who identifies him/herself as an
of children. opposite gender and needs physical
appearance to match opposite
• In Bugis culture (Indonesia), gender gender. Transsexual is an individual
is divided into: who has changes the physical
1. Orowane → Man appearance through medical surgery.
2. Makkunrai → Woman For instance, person who has vagina
3. Calabai → Man who acts, feels more comfortable if she has
looks and lives like a woman penis, so she can complement the
4. Calalai → Woman who acts, needs of other who has vagina.
looks and lives like a man Therefore, she did medical surgery
5. Bissu → the group that to change her genitals from vagina to
neither man nor woman usually penis.
called androgyny. They have
very important position in Bugis • Transvestite (cross dresser) is a
custom as priests or traditional person who often feels comfortable
leader. Moreover, they wear when wearing opposite gender
special traditional clothing as clothes. For instance: man who
a sign of their high position. loves wearing bra and gown and feel
The duty of Bissu is to keep and confidence wearing it.
preserve value of culture and
Bugis original custom not to
vanish.

52 Say Hello! To Our Body!


What’s up with
GENDER?
That perspective also will be
implemented by individual to other
generation. This is why then negative
stereotypes born and have strongly
Misinterpretation toward someone’s attached to certain sex.
sex identity that has to possess
exact role and habit like some The superiority of patriarchy ideology
examples above raises disadvantage, (ideology that man is superior or
discrimination or isolation to man and powerful, while woman is inferior or
much more to woman or they who are weak. Woman is usually positioned
neither man nor woman. This view inferior than man.)
points out that femininity attached to For example: most of chairperson is
woman, while masculinity attached man, while woman can only become
to man. However, femininity and vice chair person, secretary, or
masculinity are relative. treasurer.
Pay attention to some examples below:
At school:
When there is a flag ceremony, man is
usually chosen as the ceremony leader Women have never absent to be
because they have loud voice rather measured from point of view of man
than woman. and woman have to reach out ideal
School books teach student about criterion determined by man.
domestic, public, and social role. For instance: when man determines
Cooking is always attached to woman, the ideal criterion of woman is highly
while driving car, leading, heavy work educated and responsible wife-to be.
are attached to man. On the contrary, the reality is many
Another Sampel: women are not prioritized to study
Professions such as driver, scientist, highly because the most important is
or military are still attached to man. how she can be a perfect wife in serving
Whereas nurse, teacher, dancer are husband.
attached to woman. In fact, man and
woman have equal potential for those
professions.

Woman as secondary human or women


have to submissive to men.
“The fate of woman is taking care a
husband and children and taking care a
household. Woman is not proper to lead
and even earn a living!”
Say Hello! To Our Body! 53
In fact, there are many women who “The fate of man is working, earning a
really enjoy her life as breadwinner. living, giving money to family, wife and
Even in working place, there are always children”
women who have a big potentiality to
be the leader.

In fact… there are some men who are more comfortable to work at home, nurturing
children, cooking, and even managing family finance.

54 Say Hello! To Our Body!


The Form of inequality
as a consequence of
GENDER
Concept of gender or social sex type which is firstly intended to divide role
between man and woman is harmful particularly for woman! Below are the forms
of inequality that emerge:

1. Double role
Segmentation of role public and domestic role (household) towards men and
women leads women to face double burden.
Double burden means two or more jobs must be done by woman. General gender
concept puts man to play role in public space and woman in domestic space. But
when woman also earn a living, she bears double role in those two spaces that she
also has to finish household task. It happens because a belief that household task is
the real woman duty and cannot be left

woman who works:


Man: Woman: public + domestic =
Public Domestic double burdens

2. Stereotype
Stereotype is negative labels of woman given by society. Stereotype can be called
stigma, primary image, or labelling towards individual or groups. This labelling
is often negative and inappropriate to reality then finally causes inequality. From
here we can understand that gender stereotyping sourced from inequality labelling
to certain sex. This stereotyping is harming because stereotype leads people to
believe more and accustomed to it.

Man: strong Gay: coquettish


Woman: weak lesbian: cool

Say Hello! To Our Body! 55


3. Marginalization
Marginalization is process of economically marginalizing which causes poverty,
usually happens to women and certain groups. Marginalization happens in
working place, house, society and even country. Women and certain group’s
movement are confined in public space, so they are marginalized. They cannot
access all stuff or opportunity in many fields unlike man who can.

Transgender is often to be
Woman is forbidden to rejected while applying for
be a leader because of a job, sometimes being a sex
woman is considered as worker is the only choice left
emotional and they become vulnerable
to HIV AIDS.

4. Subordinate
Woman is usually positioned inferior rather than man in society. They are placed
at second position after man because woman existence is not important.

Example:
➢ There are still few women who work and have significant role as decision maker
and policy maker in government cabinet or in a company’s board of director.
➢ In labour system, women who have married are paid lower than man because of
the assumption that every woman will get money from her husband

5. Violence
Violence is physical or psychological assault towards certain gender, usually
toward woman and LGBTIQ. Gender-based violence is caused by inequality
of gender power between man and woman. Power is more dominated by man
because an assumption that the biggest power holder is man.

56 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Sexual
diversity
a God’s gift which is
considered as immorality
Human sexuality is very complex and
fluid. Have you ever heard the term
like transgender, transsexual, intersex,
two-spirit to abbreviation LGBTIQ
which means lesbian, gay, bisexual,
transgender, intersexual and queer? The World Health Organization or
varieties of this term also show how WHO abolished Homosexuality
varied human sexuality is. from the list of mental disorder
Human sexuality, especially sexual
in May 17, 1990 and admitted
orientation and gender identity is very
fluid and is not static. Human sexual acknowledged both homosexuality
orientation is gradually developing and and heterosexuality are kinds of
changing as person grows up. So, we sexual diversity.
can say that there is no person who is
100% heterosexual 100% homosexual.
You can be a heterosexual for today,
but several years later you can be a
homosexual.

Are you Sexual Orientation


doubt it?
Check directly to the source :) :
A lot of researches around the issue of
sexual orientation have been conducted
every year, the study of background of
sexual orientation usually become the
headline news and lead to pros and
http://www.iub.edu/kinsey/ cons. It’s better for us to look at some
research/ak-hhscale. explanation why human have different
sexual orientation instead of debate it
html#what with full of prejudice

Say Hello! To Our Body! 57


Sexual
Biological factor
Biologically, sex chromosome structure

Orientation
in DNA, hormone effects, and brain
structure have strong influence toward
person’s sexual orientation.
Generally, human may have sex Sexual Orientation of course is
chromosome either XX or XY different with school orientation!
Woman: XX, man: XY Sexual orientation is a term which
Some variations of sex chromosome of determines with whom someone is
human: sexually attracted.
• Super female Syndrome: XXX. In
some cases there are also gonosom
which is XXXX, XXXXX. It happens Sexual attraction of human consists of:
to woman.
• Super male syndrome: XYY. It
happens to man. • Asexual, individual who is attracted
neither to others, neither same gender
Hormone Factor nor opposite.
• Bisexual, individual who is attracted
Testosterone hormone in a man has a
to both same and opposite gender. For
tendency to influence and shape the
example a boy who loves another boy
man’s personality in general. On the
and also a girl.
other hand, progesterone and estrogens
• Heterosexual, individual who is
hormone dominates and shapes woman
attracted to opposite gender. For
personality (take a look back to the
example, boy loves girl, and girl
explanation on the first chapter). But if
loves boy. This sexual orientation is
something happens conversely, it might
popularly called straight.
influence sexual orientation.
• Homosexual, infidel who is sexually
• If progesterone and estrogens is
attracted to same gender. Have you
dominant in man, it can affect sexual
ever heard lesbian and gay? Those
orientation and he can sexually
two orientations are categorized
attracted to same gender.
as homosexual. Gay is a man who
• If testosterone is dominant in woman,
prefers to like same gender. While
it can affect sexual orientation and she
lesbian is a woman who is attracted to
can sexually attracted to same gender.
woman too.

Brain Structure
It is known that homosexual man brain
structure is similar to heterosexual
woman brain structure. It is the same
with homosexual woman brain which
is similar to heterosexual man brain.

58 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Virginity
a harmful concept toward
From all of these human’s sexual
orientations, it is clear that heterosexual Women’s existence
is not the only one of a lot of sexual Besides the ins and outs of sex, sexual,
orientations. This fact shows that and sexuality above, there is also a term
human sexual orientations are varied a lot of people are “embarrassed” or
and have to be respected. are reluctant to talk about it: virginity.
For woman, virginity is really private,
There are several opinions saying that but do you know why does private
sexual orientation is influenced by matter such as virginity will always be
society. There is also opinion saying associated to morality?
that sexual orientation is affected by Okay, let’s start from this question:
both biological and psychological “What’s the first thing that comes to
factors. The influence from the society your mind when you hear the word
can be shaped by peer group, family ‘virgin’?” Women who have not had
and culture. sex with men? Women who are pure or
immaculate? an ’obedient’ girl? Does
Are you still curious about what factors the definition of “virgin” as narrow as
which determine someone’s sexual that? Hmm, hang on!
orientation? Try to observe society and
sexuality phenomenon surrounds you! According to Bahasa
Indonesia Big Dictionary
(KBBI):
Virgin is has never had sex with men;
still pure (girls), while Virginity [n] is
concerning virgins; holiness (purity) of
a girl; chastity.

If you noticed that there is the phrase


“has never had sex with men”. If so, is
it true that all women who have never
had sex with men practically the virgin
one?

Virgin-related to “intercourse”
definition is certainly also related to
the female hymen, where there is a part
of vagina that determines whether the

Say Hello! To Our Body! 59


woman is a virgin or not. If the hymen
was torn and bleeding, then you could
say that she was not “virgin”. But does
“intercourse” is the only cause which
can tear up the hymen?

Let’s take a look at the explanation of virginity and hymen


below:

1. Elasticity of each hymen is varies 2. The cause of tearing in hymen: is it


only by sexual intercourse?
Every woman has different hymen
elasticity, some have thick membrane Apart from sex, sports activities such
and some have thin. Inside the hymen as gymnastics, collision due to falls, use
which is full of blood vessels, once of tampons during menstruation and
rupture occur, automatically, it will others, can also break the hymen, once
be bleeding quite lot. In contrast, if again it depends on the elasticity and
the hymen is not having many blood shape of the hymen.
vessels, when the rupture occurs it will
be only minor bleeding or not bleeding 3 . Virginity can be seen physically (?)
at all.
Hymen is appearing in a form of A lot of myths state that we can actually
mucosal folds (skin layer) that see whether a woman is virgin or not
surrounds the entrance of the by looking at her physical traits, such
vagina. The shape and elasticity of as the way she walks, breast forms, lose
it is different. In intercourse (sexual hips, and so on.
contact between at penis and vagina - In fact, women’s virginity can only
penetration), when the penis penetrates be seen in medical examination by a
in a smooth way and does not cause physician.
strain on the vagina, the bleeding can
be very small or may not be bleeding
at all.
It is not necessarily that a woman will
bleed at first penetration!

60 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Is the concept of virginity still relevant?
The concept of virginity should be dismantled. Many people, especially men,
hold the view that virginity can be seen physically. Worse yet, many are also
discriminate against women that were not virgin with the label “bad” and
“immoral” or do not deserve to be a partner. Do you agree?
The concept of virginity is clearly detrimental to women. Different physical
conditions, including the choice to have sex or not is a personal choice that should
be respected, and is not to be interfered by anyone other than the owner of the
body.

Anyway, how important is Violence against Women


virginity for
man?
Gender-Based Violence: Violence is an act which
The iceberg phenomenon causes more death / disability
in women than other
Have you ever heard the term accidents such as: cancer,
“Domestic Violence”? Or have you malaria, and so on. (World
ever seen the attack against a particular Population Report, 1993)
group or transvestite’s community
which then caused some victims?
Those examples of violence are what we
called Gender-Based Violence. Here,
you will get the explanation about
Gender-Based Violence.
Check this out!
Dari sekitar 2 JUTA anak
yang dieksploitasi dalam
prostitusi dan pornografi,
80-90% nya adalah
PEREMPUAN, hampir
di semua negara (United
Nation Population Fund
Indonesia)

Say Hello! To Our Body! 61


The concept associated for specific Women are often considered as an
gender such as masculine for men and “object” to be exploited. There is a lot
the feminine for women, has given the of our female friends who are “sold”
image of men are superior (strong) and by their own parents and then being
women are inferior (weak). Thus it has wed by foreigners, but at the end,
led to Violence Against Women, which they become the victims of human
one of the reason is because women is trafficking.
constantly portrayed as weak.

Female circumcision is also it is sometimes accompanied by cutting


a form of violence against the vaginal lips surrounding the vagina.
women!
3.Infibulation: Decrease the vaginal
Have you ever heard the information opening with a lid made by cutting the
about female circumcision? It turned part of small genital lips and the inside
out that not only male who were part of large genital lips, then merge the
circumcised, but also female. Then rest with or without cutting the clitoris.
why female circumcision is practiced?
Long time ago, female circumcision is 4.Other procedures such as
practiced in Africa. The first surgeon eliminating, pierced, scratch, scrape, or
woman in Sudan named Nahid Toubia burn the vaginal area.
was doing research about this practice.
Based on her findings, it is found that Actually there is a lot of reasons why
the practice of female circumcision people practicing female circumcision.
is done on the clitoris, labia and The common reasons are just myths,
even vulva of a woman (If you have traditions, and beliefs that are not
forgotten, you may look back at chapter previously checked. Such as the myth
1!) that cutting the clitoris will reduce
women’s sexual desire, reduce or
According to the World Health even stop the desire of women to
Organization (WHO), there are four masturbate, maintain chastity and
types of female circumcision practices, virginity before marriage, fidelity
these are: guarantee as a wife, and improve
1.Clitoridectomy: Discarding some or sexual satisfaction for men. The entire
all part of the clitoris. female genitalia can be used as a means
of stimulating sexual desire and the
2.Excision: Discarding some or all parts clitoris is one of the core organs to
of the clitoris and vaginal lips outside, achieve orgasm (sexual gratification).

62 Say Hello! To Our Body!


the practice is still carried out around
Women who were Indonesia. University of Gadjah Mada,
circumcised (particularly University of Indonesia, Hasanuddin
in clitoris), are likely to University, Atma Jaya University
be unable to enjoy sexual and Population Council showed that
intercourse and experience female circumcision is still practiced in
orgasm! most regions of Indonesia with strong
religious and traditions background
According to Dr. Olayinka Koso- such as in Aceh, West Sumatra, Banten,
Thomas from Nigeria in his book Jakarta, West Java, Yogyakarta, East
The circumcision of Woman (1987) Java, Madura, East Kalimantan, South
state that no woman who experienced Sulawesi, and Gorontalo.
circumcision will has a decreasing
in sexual desire. Koso-Thomas also According to Marcoes, gender, Islam
observed that men prefer to choose and the development experts, while
a candidate or date women who are the practice of female circumcision in
not circumcised, because it is more Indonesia is not as radical as in Africa
exciting. that may lead to death, the reasons
behind the practice is exactly the same
Not only occurs in Africa, the as female circumcision in Africa.
practice of female circumcision is Female circumcision is performed with
also happening in Indonesia. The the aim to control the sexual drive of
existence of female circumcision is women. In short, female circumcision
usually influenced by some interests is an act without benefit which only
like cultural, political, and religious limiting the freedom of women over
interests. Those kinds of interests are their bodies, and make women lose the
exactly what have indirectly regulated a right to privacy.
woman’s body, even since she was born.

World Health Organization (WHO)


and women’s organizations in almost all
over the world have struggled together
to defy female circumcision. In
Indonesia, the Ministry of Health since
2006, issued a regulation regarding the
prohibition on the practice of female
circumcision for health workers.
The regulation was issued by the
government because the circumcision
of woman has no benefit to health, but

Say Hello! To Our Body! 63


Rape
Violence against women
perceived as a punishment
for women’s sexuality
Rape is a forced sexual intercourse anger to the victim rather than to
and unwanted by the victim - mostly satisfy his sexual desires. Besides, it was
women. It can be penetration of penis, found that the majority of rapes are
finger, or any medium into woman’s planned. So it can be concluded that
vagina, anus, or mouth. In the public the rape was not a spontaneous act,
domain, rape cases are easily found. but a conscious, and well-planned one.
Most of the perpetrators of rape Therefore, rape is not women’s fault,
(according to data from the United but a conscious act to control women.
Nations Population Fund Indonesia, It’s obvious that there is nothing wrong
the perpetrators of rape toward women with women’s body, right? Women are
are men and the rapist is commonly free to dress as their wish as long as it
people who has a close relationship comforts them, and to be highlighted
such as boyfriends or husbands, with it is NOT THE TRIGGER OF RAPE.
a conscious and healthy condition, on Women have equal rights. We are free
the other words the rapist does not to dress and to express whatever we
have any mental disorder) assume that want through anything we wish for.
the woman is the one who trigger the Unfortunately, the state and most of
rape to occur. people positioned women as a creature
which body must be covered as tightly
Men think that women who dress as possible because it can generate
up too sexy will lead him to have an sexual desire for men who see it.
erection (male penis stretched because
of being stimulated). The dress is
showing, so that it is tempting. In fact,
this is an alibi for the perpetrators
of rape so that he can cover up his
mistakes and let the women are on the
sides that are being blame instead of
given a justice. Sexual attraction can
indeed arouse desire and passion of
the rapist, but the power, control, and
anger is the main motive of rape. In
fact, rapists actually feel the satisfaction
on his success of controlling and vent

64 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Rape cases on Indonesia’s media during
July – September 2011

No Date Source Location Rapist Victims


1 Friday, 15th Pos Kota Online Cibubur Sayuti, 50 5 Children
July 2011 years old
2 Tuesday, 6th Media Indonesia Bogor Tommy, 35 GA, 15 years
September Online years old old
2011
3 Monday, 5th Media Indonesia West RH dan Afri Livia, 20
September Online Jakarta years old
2011
4 Wednesday, Pos Kota Online Bandung PU, 21 years RI, 14 years
13th July 2011 old old
5 Thursday, 14th Kompas Online Trenggalek Suratno, 42 Nu, 12 years
July 2011 years old old
6 Wednesday, Pos Kota Online Lampung Nur and Nan, HT, 21 years
13th July 2011 25 years old old, disable.
7 Sunday, 4th Pos Kota Online Lampung Mahmud, 34 Mawar, 8
September years old years old
2011
8 Monday, 5th Kompas Online Jakarta Kiki, 29 Put, 19 years
September years old old
2011
9 Monday, 15th Kompas Online Bantul SRJ, 47 years Bunga, 14
September old years old
2011
10 Monday, 22th Pos Kota Online Surabaya SG, 54 years Mawar, 16
August 2011 old years old
11 Friday, 29th Pos Kota Online Lampung 6 elementary Nn, 9 years
July 2011 school old
Say Hello! To Our Body! 65
children
12 Thurday, 28th Pos Kota Online Bogor AG, 22 years Surniawati,
September old years old
2011
10 Monday, 22th Pos Kota Online Surabaya SG, 54 years Mawar, 16
August 2011 old years old
11 Friday, 29th Pos Kota Online Lampung 6 elementary Nn, 9 years
July 2011 school old
children
12 Thurday, 28th Pos Kota Online Bogor AG, 22 years Surniawati,
July 2011 old 15 years old
13 Friday, 22nd Pos Kota Online Surabaya Mat amin, 30 Noniek, 19
July 2011 years old years old

The table above shows that average victims of rape were young women. While the
rapist’s age range from children to senior citizens.

Other Data:
Annual reports of the National
Commission of Women in 2010 in
Sexual violence cases
particular also highlighted a number
occurred in the private
of forms of sexual violence with the
domain are as much
presence of the discriminatory policies
as 2903, while in the
of sexual control through the regent’s
public domain are as
regulation No.5/2010 in West Aceh.
much as 1781 cases.
This regulation actually prohibits
women wearing tight clothes and pants.
Besides, the Regent of Aceh Barat is
also providing 12,000 long skirts for all
women arrested in raids as a result of that
discriminatory policy.

Violence against Women will not stop if our society is still holding on to the
conventional tradition. Understanding gender-based violence and discrimination
which is affecting women, and proving to yourself that mindset as the examples
in a few paragraphs above have been very successful in creating violence against
woman takes pretty much time.

So, do not hesitate to continue reading!


66 Say Hello! To Our Body!
Forms of Gender-Based who were basking at the red lights? Did
you threat your couple because she did
Violence: not want to do something you want -
for example having sex?
• Physical violence:
Slapping, hitting, pulling hair, kicking, • Sexual Violence:
injuring with a weapon, female Sexual violence includes coercion
circumcision, forced sterilization on intercourse, rape, and others.
(see chapter 1 which discusses the The definition of sexual violence is
contraception methods!) in family touching or groping the body especially
planning method for women, and so sexual organs without the owner’s
on. consent, and make the person feels
uncomfortable or even pain.
The violence against Lesbian, Gay, Sexual violence can be occured both in
Bisexual, Transgender, Intersexual, private or public domain, and also in
and Queers (LGBTIQ) which various forms. As you had read before,
resulted serious physical abuse there are several stereotypes which
are: violence toward conference of have been labeled toward women such
the International Lesbian and Gay as the obligation to play their domestic
Association (ILGA) in Surabaya in roles as men’ servant.
2010 and assaults by several groups In reality, there is a lot of men who
of Islamic fundamentalist on Human force women ‘to serve their sexual
Rights Training for the transgender at desire’. There is always a case when in a
Hotel Bumi Wiyata, Depok at 2010. relationship women are forced to have
(Http://www.kontras.org/index. intercourse or oral sex. This shows
php?hal=siaran_pers&id=1295) that the right of a woman’s body is
Physical violence against transgender controlled by another person.
people is also often done even by the
security forces during the raid or
inspection.

• Psychological violence:
Include humiliation, harsh words,
threats, and discredit addressed to
women and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual,
Transgender, Intersexual, and Queers
(LGBTIQ).
Let’s try to remember, how often do
you mock a male friend that you know
have attraction toward male? Did you
ever say harsh words to transgender

Say Hello! To Our Body! 67


According to Komnas Perempuan
(Women National Commission) data
in 1998-2010, there have been 295,836
Recently, there are 86 countries which
cases of violence against women. One
considered homosexuality as illegal
per- third of that number is actually
and impose serious punishment for
caused by sexual violence or rape
homosexuals. Even, 7 of them are
cases. From 1998-2010 there have
imposing death penalty.
been 91,311 women as the victims
(http://choiceforyouth.org
of sexual violence (Women National
Commission, Yunianti Chuzaifah on Pos
Kota (13/5/11)

Whatever its form and whoever the tastes and beliefs, why we cannot the
victim are, female or LGBTIQ (Lesbian, same thing to those who have different
Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex, sexuality? Why do we still continue
Queers), violence is still a serious threat considering women and the LGBTIQ
that cannot be tolerated at all. When as a group that deserves violence? Do
we can build a close relationship to the you want to be a part of changes by
people who have different skin color, fighting against human rights violations
hairstyle, face shape, and even different in our daily lives?

The fact from the (United Nations Children’s Fund)


UNICEF states:
• Women who get married before aged 18 are more vulnerable to Domestic
Violence than those who married over 18 years.
• More than 15 million young women aged 15-19 give birth each year as a result of
Unintended Pregnancy

68 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Violence
through Media
• 12 years old girl was
raped 5 times in the
garden
• Having sex three times, a
junior high school student
got pregnant by her show “gallantry” which means the
boyfriend intensity or strength of a man (rapist),
unconsciously female victim is
• Because of Porn videos, sacrificed for the sake of maintaining
an unemployee man rape strong and powerful degree of the man.
a young girl Ouch!
(Source: Pos Kota Daily 13 Mei, Pos
Kota Daily 23 Mei 2011, dan 2011 Not only that, the news is also using
Tempo daily Newspaper 16 June 2011) the word “digauli” whereas that term
can also mean “company” or “hang
As an overview it is just like an out”, it automatically narrow down and
ordinary news who informed a case of simplify the meaning of rape. The term
rape or “penggagahan (In English the “digauli” seems have more positive
literal meaning could be to masculine)” meaning. Whereas, rape is not a simple
committed by a male against female. thing and very detrimental. Then, how
Through to headline-news above, it is could the media coverage made the
clear that the media also did violence rape as a “joke” material?
and discrimination practice. Violence
also can be found in some terms used. Besides using discriminatory diction
in writing news articles, the process of
It’s clear that the events reported above media coverage in raping cases often
were rape, why do the media change highly bias and cause another violence
the point of rape problems; raped, with for the victim. When the rape occurred
the word “digagahi (masculinate)”, and the media covered it, in fact the
this necessarily indicate that the man victims are like being raped for the
is great, right? The word “digagahi” second time.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 69


And this is the process:

Reporters interviewed and asked the victim to recall the bitter tragedy to the lens of
a camera or tape recorder. Now, do you aware that when the victim is trying to recall
it, she may once again be reminded of the event that she desperately tried to forget? It
is like the lyric of popular dangdut song: already know the wounds, but still poured
by salt water!

Even worse, rape cases compiled


by media were later formed into
an “adult nasty stories” with more
drama, and cooked up again before Experiencing violence or
it played by the model on several know someone else who
private television stations with a wide experienced violence?
range of audience. Doesn’t it severe, Please contact:
when the cruel incidents like rape, is • Yayasan Pulih http://pulih.or.id
used as a commercial product which • Rifka Annisa http://rifka-annisa.or.id/
circulated widely and inevitably
become “entertainment” for the
greater society?

Now, we already know about the variety of Gender Based Violence. Then, do we
still want to be a spectator in viewing such violence? Let’s go back to the basic
principles of Human Rights. It says that every human being had an equal right
to live safely, comfortably, and equal no matter what the religion, ethnicity, race,
sexuality or gender are. Isn’t it an ideal life when we respect each other, promote
tolerance, and celebrate diversity? It is the ideal life that we have to fight, together,
starting from now! :)

70 Say Hello! To Our Body!


KNOWING FURTHER:
DATING
VVIOLENCE
The fact is, violence is not only
happened within marriage but also
within a dating relationship. Dating
violence include any kinds of violence
in dating relationship such as physical,
sexual, psychological, and economic.

Within a heterosexual relationship,


most of the case, women are more
vulnerable to violence than men. It has
been proved by the data from

National Commission for


Women: during 2010, there
are 1.229 cases of violence
by man within dating
relationship. (Oops, it is related with love
anyway, everything ‘seems’
Moreover, those numbers are only right).
according to women who reported it.
Women often depicted as a passive,
obedient, and weak. Because of that,
women are easily hurt by men.

Yeah! Like an iceberg, dating violence


case seems more dangerous than other
dangerous cases. However, is that the
fact? Is that really true? We cannot
avoid it as a trivial case. It is kind of
sad when most of us tend to hide away,
forget, even do not have any courage to
report it.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 71


Types of dating 3. Psychological Abuse
violence This is related to the over emotion of
one of the dating partner, like scorning,
insulting, humiliating, and yelling with
Talking about “violence”, the society inappropriate words. It usually happens
considers it as a physical violence only. when one of them does not follow what
In fact, it is more than that. These are the other wants properly. For example;
some types of dating violence: when the partner does not pick up the
phone, wears a certain clothes without
1. Physical Abuse permission, hang out with someone
Slapping, hitting, thrusting back, and else, and so on.
other forms related to physical contact..
Never underestimate any “small” 4. Economical Abuse
physical abuse, because there are many It can be about benefited the dating
homicide case started with a “small” partner to get some money, borrow
physical abuse. some partner’s things or other things.

2. Sexual Abuse
Forces in doing sexual intercourse
(penetration) or any others sexual
activities without any consent. Such as;
groping, kissing, striping, and raping.

There are several myths


in a dating relationship
Besides all of those types of violence in
dating relationship above, there are also
several myths regarded to violence in
dating relationship:

72 Say Hello! To Our Body!


check the psychological aspect. There
1. Myth: jealous or violence in a dating
might be something wrong. What a
relationship is form of attention by
scary, huh?
dating partner, or on the other word
this is the sign that our partner really
love us.
5. Myth: If the dating partner promises
Fact: that is not love! That is the way
to be responsible before have sex
they control us. To make us obedient
without a condom, we will be okay
and do what they want us to do. If it is
because they will fulfill the promise.
love, it will be express with a caring and
Fact: Be careful with the promises offer
understanding. Jealous is normal, but it
by dating partner when they ask you to
is not if they express it with violence.
have a sex without condom with him/
her. There are many cases of women
who abandoned by her dating partner
2. Myth: The victims also have a
when they are pregnant. Think twice
contribution to create the violence. So,
before you do that.
the victims is the trigger to the violence
Fact: The violence actor will do the
action sometimes without any reasons.
6. Myth: Dating partners are allowed to
They just blame the dating partner to
do anything because we are theirs.
cover their own mistakes. But anyway,
Fact: No one have a right over us.
violence is always wrong!
Boyfriend/girlfriend or even a
husband/wife does not have a right to
treat us badly.
3. Myth: When the violence actor has
already apologize and promise not
to do that anymore, it means that the
victim will be safe and can trust the
dating partner again.
Fact: The violence is generally happen
in a cycle. When it happens once, it
usually happens again. Do not easily
trust with a promise, guys! Sometimes,
they do not mean what they say.

4. Myth: after doing the violence, the


dating partner will be more intimate.
Fact: That is wrong! After doing the
violence, the next one is other violence.
If it more intimate, it is important to

Say Hello! To Our Body! 73


Stop
dating violence now!
“Violence” is bad thing. We have to stop people from being the victims, keep a
vengeance and then become the next actor. This is the time to stop violence in
dating relationship, leave it, and against it. How?

Make a dating consent!


In some countries in the world, sexual Relationship status
consent is familiar and used by many
unmarried couples. Let say in San We’re pretty sure that not all of young
Francisco Bay Area, there are 90% people agree about “in a relationship
couples from 566 gay couples have a with” word. Some of them are comfort
sexual consent in their relationships. with relationship without specific
The purpose is that they can create status, or an intimate friend. Whatever
a loving and healthy relationship. it is, when you and your “friend” agree
(Source: http://www.news-medical.net/ to build a relationship, it is better to
news/20100714/129/Indonesian.aspx) make it clear what kind of relationship
that you want to build and how is it
Sexual consent cannot be used in looks like. For example, you and your
some eastern countries, for example partner agree if one of you are still
Indonesia. The reason is, a lot of hangout with other friends and feel free
people argue that it is not effective to do it.
and teach the youth to have sex before
married. But, let us think more about Do’s and Dont’s
it, it’s common for young people to
engange in a dating relationship. So, Make a long list about what you and
it will be better if we have a “dating your partner want each other. Then,
agreement”! Hmm but, what kind of write the points down. This list has to
“dating agreement” is it? be made together, transparently, and
democratically! For example:

74 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Do’s:
Calling three times a day
Healthy and pleasure
Bring each other lunch box everyday
Healthy and pleasure are the main
standard of anything. And when there
Dont’s:
is something unexpected occured such
Sending text message like, “what are
as pregnancy, both of you would have
you doing?” every 5 minutes.
known how to make a decision. It can
Keeping the ex’s picture.
be married, abortion, or the other
decision. Then, it is also about how
both of you do after that.
Prepare for any possibility
Have an agreement about things that
Honest and respect!
could be very sensitive and tabboo:
It is useless to have a romantic
having sex. The agreement can be
relationship and have a perfect
about how far you and your couple are
agreement if both of you cannot be
allowed to touch each other; holding
honest and respect each other. Just be
hand, hugging, kissing, or even having
honest and respect each other.
sexual intercourse. Only both of you
that can completely understand with
the purposes of doing that and how
all of those things happened, and
remember, you have option to be agree
or disagree.

Have a good relationship without violence, guys!

Say Hello! To Our Body! 75


What should you do if you
experience dating
violence?
It is not complete if we talk about
dating violence without knowing how
to deal with once we experience it or
knowing other person who experience
it. These are the following things that
we can do:

If you are the victims


• You have to realize that “Your Body
is Your Rights”, you have it all alone,
and no one can take control over
it! Therefore, eventhough both of
you love each other and have a
commitment, it doesn’t mean that
your couple can do anything with you Violence-actor deserves to
and your body. get the punishment!
• The violence-actor, it can be a dating
• Don’t be afraid to say “NO” partner, family, neighbor, business
partner, or schoolmate. Even they are
• Say no to flattery! If your couple very close with you, they should be
asks you so, you have to do it based punished. Report whoever they are to
on your full consciousness. Don’t be the police as soon as possible. Don’t
afraid to say no! Be careful with any be worry because there are some
kinds of dating violence. criminal code in Indonesia regulating
it:
• If the violence cannot be avoided, you
have the right to be angry, fight back • Criminal code number 351-358 for
or report it to the police. Do not let criminal and physical abuse
yourself to be weak and drown with
love! • Criminal code number 289-296 about
rape
• Ask a legal law institution to
accompany you to report your • Criminal code number 281-283, and
problem to the police. number 532-533 for the politeness
crimes

76 Say Hello! To Our Body!


• Criminal code number 286-288 for
sexual abuse towards children

If you have to go to the


court
• Don’t be surprised if the police ask
you some surprising questions and
make you cry or angry regarded to
the violence that you get. Besides the
part of the investigation, the police
also want to know the truth by seeing
your emotional expressions.

• Stand up and be strong! The violence-


actor can be free if the victims are You can call this following
afraid to tell the truth and report it to
the police. Don’t give up eventhough
number if you see, know, or
it’s difficult to clear these up. become the victims:
• Ask for support from family, close - Jakarta: LBH APIK (021-87797289),
friends, and some related institutions Mitra Perempuan (021-8298421),
which have concern on violence Kalyanamitra (021-7902109),
against women and children. SIKAP (3917760).
- Jogjakarta: Rifka Annisa (0274-
518720) LSPPA (0274-374813),
- Surabaya: Savy Amira (031-
8706255)

References::
- http://belajarpsikologi.com/pengertian-
kekerasan-dalam-pacaran/, diakses 14
Des 2011, 12.30 WIB
- http://nasional.kompas.com/
read/2008/09/29/10374576/6.mitos.
kekerasan.dalam.pacaran, diakses 14
Des 2011, 12.30 WIB
- http://www.lbh-apik.or.id/fact-52%20
dating%20vlc.htm, diakses 14 Des
2011, 12.30 WIB
Say Hello! To Our Body! 77
Living with
HIV and AIDS?
What should we do?
Young people is vulnerable to HIV
and AIDS. Do you believe it? Take a
look at these following evidences from
Indonesia:

The total of HIV positive case in


January-September 2011 is 15.589 cases
with the group of productive age 20-49 So, what should we do if we get
years old as the highest group who get infected by HIV and AIDS? Being an
infected with 13.823 cases. HIV and AIDS positive is not a curse.
Whereas, people living with HIV and
During 2010 until 2011 there are 2.806 AIDS are no different with the HIV and
HIV cases of adolescent aged 15-24 AIDS negative people. They must not
years old. be discriminated. They have the same
rights just like other people, they’re
(Sumber: www.aidsindonesia.or.id/ entitled for:
laporan-triwulan-kementerian-
kesehatan-ketiga-2011.html)

Having a partner
Who said that people living with HIV
and AIDS cannot have a partner? That
is not true. Every people living HIV
and AIDS have the rights to decide to HIV positive person to have a healthy
marry or not, have a sex with someone, and high quality life. It is not a problem
and express their sexual orientation. at all for an HIV positive person to
have a life partner, get married and
Living as an HIV positive person have a child. It will be good if they
should not make someone live in can manage a healthy life, physically,
isolation. By having a supportive psychologically and socially and live to
partner, it is expected to support the its fullest.

78 Say Hello! To Our Body!


right to to have and raise a child. But,
it is true that there are some procedure
and tips to be followed by a woman
living with HIV andAIDS before
deciding to get pregnant. Of course,
the purpose is to keep the mother and
child healthy and prevent the child
from being infected by HIV.

If the HIV and AIDS positive woman


doesn’t want to have a baby, she is
advised to learn and access available
contraception to prevent them from
getting pregnant (Check the previous
chapter, please...)

Publish the HIV-AIDS status


Having sex to the closest people? Do it
Does people living with HIV and AIDS when you are ready.
only allowed to have sex only with Deciding when and how to share
other HIV and AIDS positive people? about the HIV and AIDS status is not
This is absolutely wrong. People living a simple thing for people living with
with HIV and AIDS are allowed to HIV and AIDS. Of course there is a lot
have sex with HIV and AIDS negative of reasons and considerations which
people as long as they practive safe sex are not easily decided. Many of them
and based on consent. (Take a look share it to the closest people whom
at the previous part!). Therefore, the they considered to be supportive, but
information and and access toward there will always be people who pull
contraception for people living with away from them. So, it takes a lot of
HIV and AIDS is very important to preparation for people living with
prevent the HIV epidemic. HIV and AIDS before disclosing their
health-status with others.
To have or not to have However, if you have been diagnosed to
a child be HIV positive or find someone living
A misconception about people living with HIV and needs supportive system,
with HIV and AIDS is positive women you can go to the link here:
has to be sterilized (check it on chapter http://www.aidsindonesia.or.id
1) and prevent them from being
pregnant. This is wrong, every woman
living with HIV and AIDS still has a

Say Hello! To Our Body! 79


Unintended
Pregnancy
The lack of comprehensive sexuality
education (CSE) makes young people
face a lot of problem and vulnerable
to violence, and for young women The prevention of pregnancy
who got no access to CSE the rate
of unintended pregnancy are even Before having sex with someone, it
higher than the one who got the is important to know any kinds of
access. Unintended pregnancy is not contraception to prevent pregnancy.
a problem of morality degradation, or If you forgot to use it before having
the lack of religious study, but it is due sex, you can consume emergency
to the lack of information about their contraception pill. The function is to
body and rights. That’s why young prevent the sperm from meeting with
people sometimes make reckless the egg cell (ovum). Please note that
decision toward their body due to the the emergency contraception pill is
absence of information. not for abortion, but it is intended just
to prevent the pregnancy.
Talking about unintended pregnancy, it
will takes a lot of time more time than
watching a movie. This issue is still
very sensitive, especially in Indonesia.
However, we cannot act like we do
not know. As if buy something and
we cannot get our money back,
pregnancy cannot be avoided, because
the tummy will get bigger each
day. So, there is some information
regarded to unintended pregnancy
that you all should know:

80 Say Hello! To Our Body!


How to detect a pregnancy?
If you have sex without condom
or other contraception tools, you
have to continuously check your
menstruation period. If it does
not run regularly, notice whether
you’re pregnant or not by checking
the symptom of pregnancy such as
morning sick, changes in breast size,
be easily tired, and peeing often.

Use a test-pack (pregnancy test tools


like a pen, the top of the tools made
by a metal which has to dip into the
urine, and then it will show a sign.
The sign (+) for positively pregnant
and (-) for negatively pregnant.

If the indicator of the test-pack do


not show a (-) sign, but you are still
not sure about that, just come to the
nearest clinic and have a consultation
with the doctor.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 81


If you are
positively
pregnant..
You will be surprised, panic, worried,
scared, and confused when you know
that you are positively pregnant. As a
young people, a drastic changes within
your body and being pregnant is a very
surprising moment. But, in the case of
unintended pregnancy, it is not just a
surprising moment, moreover it will
make your surroundings look up to
you.

There is a lot of possibilities include


with the risks that you can take in
dealing with pregnancy. Pregnancy
is not a simple thing like diarrhea
which can be solved easily. A sudden,
unplanned pregnancy will create a
curiosity from other, and that is what
you have to think about.

Are you ready to pregnant? If yes,


are you considering about your life as When you are pregnant, you have to
a woman who has lots of activities? make a good decision for you and your
Are you thinking about how to take body and nobody deserves to intervene
care of the baby with lots of activities? your decision.
Will you marry with the father of the
baby? If you are not ready yet to be
a mother, what should you do? Or if
you are ready to be a mother but the
man will not marry you, what will you
do? Are you ready to face the situation
and condition that you have never
done before, physically, mentally and
socially?

82 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Please take a look the
• If you are not ready yet to get
following points: pregnant and the pregnancy is
endanger your health (physically
• If you want to keep the pregnancy,
and mentally), you have to know the
born the baby, and take care of him/
best and safe method to terminate
her, you have to BE HAPPY with your
it. Don’t go to the shaman, drinking
son/daughter. Read a lot of books,
a traditional illegal medicine, or any
make discussions, or join in a young
other method like jumping!
mom forum. Don’t let yourself down
with your own decision, you are the
one who should decide what you want
for your life.
If you got a unintended pregnancy
• If you want to keep the pregnancy or heard about that and need a
but still not ready yet to take care of consultation, you can call this hotline
the baby, you can have someone to number: (in bahasa Indonesia)
ADOPT your baby. It is better to have
some consultations with family or • 087839555100
close friends to make a right decision. • 085325211100

LGBTIQ?
So what?
Living as a lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersexual or queer (LGBTIQ) is
not that easy. It is harder when your surroundings and significant other still live
with a strong heteronormativity, the norm regarding heterosexual as the only
sexual orientation being accepted.
LGBTIQ is likely to face a lot of discrimination and violence. To start,there are
some terms related with this:
Homophobia is an over anxiety toward homosexuality. It is showed by negative
attitude by the society toward homosexual. The homophobias (homophobic)
are usually avoid, hate, and doing some unfair acts to make LGBTIQ person feel
uncomfortable and depress.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 83


Heterosexism is kind of attitude discrimination and violence towards
considering that heterosexual is the the diversity of sexual orientation, lead
only sexual orientation deserve be LGBTIQ and others who care for it
exist. In Indonesia, many people tend advocating the issues through a lot of
to be a heterosexist because of the form of activism, and one of them is by
culture that considers other sexual commemorating IDAHO every year.
orientation as abnormal and unnatural.
Heterosexist is closely related with Since 1993, Indonesia also considered
heteronormativity which talk about the homosexuality as a normal, not a
normative role in each gender. disease or psychosis. It was written in
the classification and diagnose guiding
The diversity of sexual of mental disease III launched by
orientation is not a disease Indonesia’s Ministry of Health.
or psychosis The state has obligation to guarantee
the rights of every people include
17th May 1990 is the day where
LGBTIQ. Based on the Universal
World Health Organizations (WHO)
Declaration of Human Rights, every
officially stated that homosexuality
people with a different gender and
is not a disease or psychosis. So,
sexual orientation have the same rights.
every year on 17th May, world
What are our rights? Let’s move to the
commemorate International Day
next chapter!
Against Homophobia or IDAHO. The

84 Say Hello! To Our Body!


CHAPTER 3
Human Rights For All

Say Hello! To Our Body! 85


Take action
Let’s Claim Our Sexual and Reproductive Health and
Rights!
Human is a sexual being. We have sexual and reproductive needs. We also have
lust, fantasy, and other needs which are related to sexuality. This only can be
accomplished if our sexual and reproductive health and rights are well fulfilled.
Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR) and Comprehensive Sexuality
Education (CSE) are two points which we will examine related to the fulfillment
our health and reproductive rights. Let’s have a look about these two concepts!

What is SRHR?
Based on the formula, SRHR contains several components such as:

SRHR =
Sexual Health + Sexual Rights + Reproductive Health + Reproductive Rights

Sexual Health information related to sexuality, sex


Sexual health is a state of physical, education, partner choice, choice to be
emotional, and social well-being in sexually active or not, married, time for
relation to sexuality. The approach having baby, and having a pleasurable,
requires that the human sexuality and healthy, and satisfying sexual life.
health services should be seen in a
positive and respectful way and meant Reproductive health
to pleasurable, safe sex activity, free of A fully prosperous condition physically,
coercion, discrimination, and violence. mentally, and socially. Not only about
the explanation of the disease related
Sexual Rights to reproductive system, function, and
Basic human rights which have listed process.
in many legal frameworks (national
legal, international, and other Reproductive rights
consensus). Those basic human rights Reproductive right is the arrays
generally could be: free from coercion, of rights accrued by law (national,
discrimination, violence to increase the international and other consensus).
standard health including health access, It includes the rights for committing

86 Say Hello! To Our Body!


freely the desirable number of children also attach social problems like what
which is free from discrimination, we have seen in the second chapter.
coercion, and violence. Thus, rights based approach is needed
If we trace back, health is not only a to guarantee those rights!
biological problem just like what we
have shared on the first chapter, but

Let’s Claim Our SRHR!


The fulfillment of SRHR or Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights is a
must. Young people have many problems which emerge since these rights are
not guaranteed by the government, it is reflected with the lack of young people’s
knowledge related to reproductive health, moreover about the fulfillment of rights
which they actually must have. In addition, there are only a few government
programs which focus on the reproductive health attached to young people’s
sexual rights, this leads to make them “lost” in the incomprehensive knowledge.

Generally, what are the problems that - Lack of access toward youth friendly
young people are facing on, related to sexual health services for young
their reproductive and sexual health? people
Here they are:
- Sexual violence
- The high number of HIV – AIDS
among young people - Discrimination towards young
LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual,
- Sexually Transmitting Infection Transgender)

- Unintended pregnancy - Low self-esteem and self-acceptance


within the young LGBT (Lesbian,
- Many wrong information from porn Gay, Bisexual, Transgender)
movies
Do we want to keep silent and turn
- High number of young people who around from all of these problems?
have already sexually active, but do The key of these problems is the
not perform safe sex. young people’s rights have to be fully
guaranteed through the access towards
- Unsafe abortion comprehensive sexuality education and
youth-friendly health services!

Say Hello! To Our Body! 87


Abstinence Approach responsibly. Thus, Comprehensive
Sexuality Education is needed.
One of sexuality education models
which has been applied called
However, if we are still running our
abstinence approach. Through this
program based on the Abstinence
kind of method, the information about
Approach, everything related to sexual
sexuality education is given, but young
and reproductive health mostly will
people keep being prohibited for
be seen negatively. The abstinence
having sex. The lack of this method is
approach should be transformed into
that young people have not been given
a more effective approach, based on
the information of their reproductive
the fulfillment of the SRHR, so young
and sexual rights and tend to judge
people would fully understand the
negatively sexual activity which is done
whole concept of sexuality education,
by unmarried couple.
not only from the health aspect, but
also from the aspect of the fulfillment
CSE (Comprehensive of their rights which they actually have.
Sexuality Education) Therefore, the CSE (Comprehensive
Approach Sexuality Education) approach is
It is obvious that the more young needed for young people!
people are prohibited, the more they
will get lost! The approach which is not Talking about SRHR and CSE, you
only about the health aspect, but also must be very curious about two those
comprehensive rights is needed to be points, right? Do you want to know
given to them. Young people have to be what are Sexual and Reproductive
given the comprehensive information, Health and Rights which young people
so they can make any decision about actually have? Let’s go into them one
their own body consciously and by one!

The Origin of SRHR


The concept of SRHR was formed in the 1994 ICPD (International Conference on
Population and Development) in Cairo. It could be considered as one of successful
conferences and became guidance for people around the world which work in
the field of SRHR to create the policy related to sexual and reproductive health
comprehensively.
The conference which was attended by a lot of people and institutions from
various sectors have resulted a guidance about Comprehensive Sexuality
Education / CSE. These are seven elements on the comprehensive sexuality
education:

88 Say Hello! To Our Body!


1. Gender 4. Pleasure
As we have mentioned in the previous Sexual activity is done by people
chapter, it is a concept of “social” sex since it is a pleasure! If it is true, why
type which does exist in the society. do people see it in a negative way?
It is important to know the applied Pleasure is not only about sexual
gender role’s concept, including activity, but also as a part of human
how the concept tends to be more life which cover biological and human
detrimental for women. emotion: sexual respond, masturbation,
love, lust, relationship, interpersonal
2. SRH / Sexual and Reproductive communication, sexual variety, and the
Health and HIV first sexual experience.
It is crucial to understand the sexual
and reproductive health and its relation 5. Violence
with HIV-AIDS. In this element, the Violence is strongly related to sexual
discussion includes the understanding and reproductive health. Thus, it is
of STI and HIV, also how to prevent necessary to understand the type
and live with it. The complete of violence and how it emerges,
information about the body circle: including law and rights protection
puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, and from the violence, support for the
contraception are also provided. victims, violence myth, prevention,
the technique of protecting themselves
3. Sexual Citizenship Rights from violence.
The knowledge about Human Rights
and policy, law, and the accepted
national structure in each country, 6. Diversity
information about the provided Human being is very diverse. Starting
information access and services and from faith, culture, level of education,
how to get it, participation in drafting, ethnic, economic and social status,
implementation, to the accepted policy difability (also known as disabilty)
evaluation. It is also about how to status, HIV status, sexual orientation,
get the protection for what they have and gender identity. Therefore, it is
chosen, including rights to choose crucial to point diversity as something
whether to have sex, to be sexually positive. It is also important to know
active, or sexually passive. the variety of discrimination, the
impacts, and how to prevent and cope

Say Hello! To Our Body! 89


with it. Diversity is not only about are very important. Also, the type of
tolerance, but also it has to be more emotion, intimacy (emotional and
than that: celebration of diversity. physical), rights and obligations,
dynamic of relation, and building a
7. Relationship healthy relationship and eradicating an
Knowing the various relationship unhealthy relationship or full of force
types such as family, friends, sexual (coercive) are very beneficial to be
partner, romantic couple, and etc understood.

Let’s Take a look to Our


Sexual and Reproductive Rights!
Here They are...
Before we go forward, it is necessary to clearly differentiate between reproductive
rights and sexual rights. At a glance, they look the same, but actually there are
several obvious differences.

Sexual Rights include more to sexuality, sexual orientation, gender identity,


sexual attitude, and sexual health.

Reproductive Rights include more to fertility, reproductive, reproductive


health, and family.

Sexual Rights
1. Rights to Equality
• It covers rights to enjoy and implement the rights that they have, including
sexual rights.
• The legal protection from all types of discrimination without distinguishing
gender, sex, sexual orientation, HIV status, and other identities.
• The exclusion of law, policy, practical, and attitude which strengthen the
stereotype and the wrong concept which believe that certain gender or sex is
better than others.
• The omission of any kind of discrimination based on gender which hit the young
people.
• Policy, law, and service which are gender sensitive.
• The omission of parents’ involvement or partner which makes young people
cannot access the sexual and reproductive health services.

90 Say Hello! To Our Body!


2. Rights to Participate
• Involving young people meaningfully in the planning, implementation, and
evaluation from during the process and policies related to services for rights and
sexual health.
• Building young people’s leadership within the sexual and reproductive rights
movement in the local, national, regional, and global level.
• Involving young people in deciding the best way for them to participate in
the policy making process whether in community, national, regional, or
international level.
• The existence of adults’ commitment to create an equal partnership with young
people and support any capacity building activities for youth, so they can
meaningfully participate.

3. Rights to Live and Free from Dangerous


• The protection from sexual violence, sexual exploitation, sexual harassment and
human trafficking.
• The guaranteed protection from bullying which happens at schools and
communities.
• Revoking criminal threat over women or medical staffs who do abortion.
• The omission of medical procedure which is forced towards women, including
sterilization (tubectomy), the forced abortion particularly the HIV-AIDS women
and difable (as known as Disable).
• The omission of tradition which humiliates women such as women circumcision
and forced marriage.
• The omission of law which provides the involvement of parents, family, or
partner, so young people can access contraception services, HIV test, pregnancy
termination, and other sexual health services freely.

4. Rights to Privacy
• The secrecy for sexual and reproduce health services. Here, every time we access
the services, nobody may know without our permission.
• The secrecy for sexual attitudes, sexual orientation, HIV status, the use of
contraception, including the history of Sexual Transmitted Infection (STI),
pregnancy, and abortion.
• The secrecy for the communication process which has been done such as letters,
diaries, e-mails, or any document files.
• Parents, families, partners, and other people have no rights to know the sexual
health information without our permission.
5. Rights to Personal Autonomy and Admitted as a Legal Individual
• The recognition, protection, and fulfillment of the young people’s law without
distinguishing ages, gender, or sexual orientation.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 91


• The liberty to explore sexuality safely and pleasantly apart from the sexual
orientation and gender identity.
• Celebrating diversity in the society.
• Free will to decide the time, with whom, and how to have sex.
• Make sure that young people who live in prison, certain institutions, or conflict
area will not experience violence.
• The omission of any kind forced medical action such as vasectomy and
tubectomy, or hormone therapy.
• Access towards information, so young people can become aware of their rights.

6. Rights to Think and Freedom of Expressions


• Access towards comprehensive sexual education and correct information about
Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights
• Access to create, join, lead, or participate in a group for expressing thoughts,
ideas, opinions, and desires about sexuality, gender, and sexual rights in the
environment where all young people’s rights and freedom can be happened.
• The meaningful participation in the public process, including the making of
policy related to sexual rights.
• Make sure that young people can express exactly suit to their identity which can
make they feel comfortable.
• Facilitating the young people’s capability to express their sexual and gender
identity in the positive and healthy way.
• The liberty to show their affection in public together with their partner without
any violence threats.

7. Rights to Health
• Access towards the complete sexual and reproduce health services which can
fulfill the needs of young people.
• Education, knowledge, and capability which enable young people to practice a
safe sex and prevent the unintended pregnancy, STI, and HIV-AIDS.
• The young people’s participation in designing policy, program, law, and public
health services in the community and their own nation.
• The omission of law which requires the need of permission from parents, family,
or partners which can make young people feel difficult in accessing the sexual
and reproductive health services.
• Opening the access for women to stop the unintended pregnancy.
• There is an access towards the variety of contraception type

8. Rights to Know and Learn


• Access towards comprehensive sexual education for young people including
those who out from school or no longer studying at the formal education

92 Say Hello! To Our Body!


institutions.
• Access towards education to reduce the stigma, discrimination, and any kind of
violence.
• The involvement of young people in the planning, development, and evaluation
of comprehensive sexual education program and policy related to sexuality.
• Full access towards education for women.
• The development skill for building a strong, equal, and healthy relation.
• Make sure that young people can obtain education until finish, particularly for
those who are pregnant, already being parents, and for people who live with
HIV-AIDS.
• Developing sexual education which is not only focus on the biological aspect, but
also social, like sexuality.
• Leaving the education method which is based on abstinence and going forward
with the Comprehensive Sexual Education (CSE).

Say Hello! To Our Body! 93


Reproductive Rights
1. Rights to Information and Education:
• Rights to education and reliable information related to sexual and reproductive
health accesses, free from stereotype, and are given in the objective, critical, and
plural context.
• Rights to adequate education and information which is able to support every
decision which they have made related to their sexual and reproductive life and
has been made with free choice and by consent.
• Rights to complete information related to any kind of contraception method,
including effectiveness, risk, and the prevention of the unintended pregnancy.

2. Rights to Services and Protection


• Rights to health services with the best quality including the sexual and
reproductive health.
• Rights to comprehensive health services including access to all contraception
methods, also the termination of the unintended pregnancy, diagnosis, and the
treatment of infertility and STI, including HIV.
• Rights to protection from the hazardous traditional practices particularly for
women and children. For example: female genital mutilation.
• Rights to pregnant and counseling which empower and can decide based on the
provided information.
• Rights to sexual and reproductive health services as a part of the comprehensive
health care, easily accessed; financially or geographically, privately and
confidential, and respecting the dignity and the comfort of the person.
• Rights for women to obtain services related to pregnancy, childbirth, and post-
childbirth including the adequate nutrition during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
• Rights to health protection and safety in the workplace, including protection of
the reproductive organs.
• All working women have rights to get salary during their maternity leave with
the worth social benefit.

3. Rights to Freedom of Thinking


• Rights to freedom of thinking and talking related to the sexual and reproductive
life.
• Rights to have protection from the restriction based on thoughts and religion
towards access for education and information related with the sexual and
reproductive health.
• Rights to free from the interpretation of religious text, faith, philosophy, and
tradition which limit in accessing the sexual and reproductive health services.

94 Say Hello! To Our Body!


4. Rights to Decide the Number of Childrens and Spacing
Birth
• All women have rights to information, education, and services toward
reproductive health protection, safe abortion, and the safe childbirth which is
easily accessed, affordable, accepted, and comfortable for everyone.
• Rights to the safe, affective and accepted contraception access.
• Rights to the freedom in choosing and using the safe contraception method to
prevent the unintended pregnancy.

5. Rights to Life (Rights to be protected from the death


because of pregnancy and the childbirth process)
• Women deserve for a life which is free from the risk from pregnancy.
• Children deserve for a life which is free, particularly due to their gender identity.
• Nobody lives in a risk and danger for the reason of the lack of health services/
information access, counseling or services related to the sexual and reproductive
health.

6. Rights to Freedom and Protection


• Rights to be freely enjoying and controlling the sexual and reproductive life with
also respect the others.
• Rights to be free from medical intervention related to the sexual and reproduce
health with a full consent, free, and based on the information.
• Women have rights to be free from any kind of female genital mutilation.
• Rights to be free from sexual harassment.
• Rights to be free from the outside fear, shame, guilty, faith based on the myth
and another psychological factor which obstacle sexual respond or damage the
condition of sexual life.
• Rights to be free from forced pregnancy, sterilization, and abortion.

7. Rights to be free from violence and bad treatment


• Children have protection rights from any kind of exploitation particularly sexual
exploitation, children prostitution, and any kind of violence, attack, and sexual
harassment, including protection from the force for children in involving in the
sexual activity which breaks the law, exploitative, or the use of children in the
porn material.
• The medical experiment or experiment related with sexuality or the arrangement
of fertility or the other technique must not be followed by anyone based on the
free and informational agreement.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 95


• Woman has the right of protection from human trafficking or woman
exploitation in prostitution.
• Right of having protection from violence and condescend related with sexuality
and reproductive health, especially during a war.
• The right of protection in raping and sexually abused.

8. The rights in getting advantages from science:


• Everyone has the same right to get the technological reproduction service
advantages and access which are related to infertility, contraception and abortion
where the delimitation of that information can endanger the health.
• The right of protection and information of every effect which is endangering the
health from technological reproduction health service.
• The users of sexual and reproduction health service have the right to access all of
the safe and acceptable reproduction technology.

9. The rights to privacy:


• All of sexual and reproduction health services including the information and
counseling must prepare a client with a privacy and make sure that the given
personal information are well kept.
• Woman has the right to choose the reproduction choice freely included the
choice of safe abortion.
• Everyone has the right to express their sexual orientation to get a safe and
satisfying sexual life, but still they have to respect the other’s rights without a fear
of oppression, or freedom refusal or social failure.
• All of the sexual and reproduction health services, including the information and
counseling service which are offered should be available for all individual and
couples, especially youth, based on their rights to privacy and secrecy.

10. The rights to built and plan a family:


• The right of having protection from forced marriage without a full and free
consent and based on the information from the persons involved
• The right of accessing the health and reproduction service including the people
who infertile or about to be infertile due to infected by a sexual infection.
• The right of on building and planning a family is not limited with woman and
man, but also the transgender.

96 Say Hello! To Our Body!


11. The rights to participating in politics:
• The right of making a network in SRHR issue
• The right of making a group to promote SRHR
• The right of trying to influence the government to make SRHR as a priority of
construction.

12. The rights to be free in every form of discrimination in


family and reproduction:
• No one can be discriminated related with their sexual and reproduction life
in accessing health service based on race, skin color, sex or sexual orientation,
marital status, the position in family, age, language, religion, political orientation,
nationality, wealthy, birth and other status.
• The right of accessing the education and information to assure heath and
prosperity including information access, advice and service related to SRHR,
apart from race, skin color, sex or sexual orientation, marital status, the position
in family, age, language, religion, political orientation, nationality, wealthy, birth
and other status.
• Women and children have the right to an appropriate nutrition and a long
life nursing, and free from prejudice, custom and all of inferiority practices or
stereotyping.
• There is no discrimination in women to access information and/or concerned
services of development or fulfilling the SRHR including the access of the
arrangement of fertility service, due to the agreement of others are matter.
• No one can be pushed in participating to the sexual health or reproduction
service which has a discrimination effect toward certain groups.
• The right of protection on any forms of violence based on race, skin color, sex,
language, religion, political orientation, nationality, wealth, birth and other
status.
• Women have the right to protection from discrimination in social life, domestic
of workplace related with women stuff like pregnancy and others.
• There is no discrimination in accessing information, health service or other
service related to sexual health and reproduction, right and need in a life time
based on gender, age, sexual orientation or difability (disability) status.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 97


Comprehensive
Sexuality Education emotion as early as possible. Sexuality

is a MUST!
education teaches the basic parts of the
body, human reproduction systems,
interpersonal and family relations,
safety, and build their confidence.
Comprehensive Sexuality Education
These knowledge have to be given step
(CSE) is an obligatory thing. Related
by step based on their age.
to previous explanation, it is clearly
shown that CSE is the solution for
youth problems. However, many people 3. Comprehensive Sexuality
think that Comprehensive Sexuality Education makes children
Education has some negative sides. grow faster.
These are the 7 myths or negative sides
about CSE. Are those true? Getting a more accurate and complete
information, based on the age is
1. Comprehensive Sexuality everyone’s right. If the knowledge of
Education leads the youth to reproduction and sexual health do not
have sex. exist, the youth will get the different
information and sometimes mislead
by their friends, media, and other
A research is clearly shown that resources. A right sexuality education
sexuality education does not lead will balanced the false information
the youth to have a sex, it precisely through the dissemination of right
encourages the youth to delay the first information which are stressed on
age for them to have sexual activity and values and relation.
have a responsible sexual attitude.
4. Sexuality education is
2. Comprehensive Sexuality parent’s duty only.
Education is not good for
children A good sexuality education aware of
the importance of parent and family’s
Comprehensive sexuality education role as the informant and supporting
is given step by step and also proper part in form of understanding on
with human’s age. Comprehensive sexuality. However, government
sexuality education is also not also has a role through educational
concerning in sexual relation, but ministry, school and teacher to support
the types of relations. So, children and complete the parent’s role by giving
will know and understand the types a safe and supportive environment
of a relation before they act based on and also qualified material in
their sexual orientation and also get comprehensive sexuality education.
to know their body, relation, and their

98 Say Hello! To Our Body!


5. Sexuality education
is against with culture,
religion and beliefs
Comprehensive sexuality education
adjusts with the needs and cultural
context. All of the people, who
contribute such as religious figure,
also participate in the development
of comprehensive sexuality education
material. Though, Comprehensive
Sexuality Education has to change the
norm and cultural practices which
are contradicted with Human Rights
especially harming the women.

6. Sexuality education has


already existed in biology
study
The knowledge that they get in biology
are very limited and it is just about the
human’s organs. It does not cover yet
the human sexuality, gender and types
of relationship.

7. Comprehensive Sexuality
Education has to support
the former values.
Comprehensive Sexuality Education is
using an approach based on right and
respects the values of respectfulness,
acceptance, tolerance, equivalent,
empathy and support the Human
Rights.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 99


What can YOU do to
support CSE?
Who said that Comprehensive Sexuality Education is the medical stuff ’s job only?
We are also can be a part of the endorser of CSE! What can we do?

Start from ourselves: • Make an activity that involved the


parent, teacher, religious figure to
• Prepare ourselves with a discuss the importance of SRHR.
comprehensive and updated • Cooperate with artist and musician to
knowledge about SRHR create a work on SRHR
• Participating in a workshop, seminar, • Create information about SRHR; it
and discussion related to SRHR can be a blog, facebook, or twitter.
• Do a research on youth regarding
SRHR in your community. You can Advocacy for
start it by reading many literatures, Comprehensive sexuality
making a survey, interview and any
other possible approaches.
education (CSE)
• Participating in conference or activity
• Joint in SRHR community around
that concerns with SRHR.
you and working with the other
• Make a map! Mapped all of the
youth.
organizations, institution, or an
• Involve within your community with
individual who concerned in SRHR.
comprehensive sexuality education
material/modules
Community • Have a dialogue with your local
government, especially with the
• Make a youth network which ministry of education to make a
concerns on SRHR in your design of comprehensive sexuality
community! education.
• Being an educator to increase the • Train and support the teacher
awareness and knowledge about and school that start to put a
SRHR toward youth. comprehensive sexuality education
• Being a volunteer in an institution into their curriculum.
which advocates SRHR like Women’s
Journal Foundation.
• Giving an SRHR information to
youth community which is hard to be
reached like road children and youth
living with HIV.

100 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Advocacy for youth friendly
health service
• Mapping a clinic, hospital, or other
health service which is youth friendly,
especially for young people with HIV,
difable (disable), unmarried, sex
workers, LGBT (lesbian, Gay, Bisexual,
Transgender)
• Build partnership with midwife,
medical’s staff, and doctor who support
the choice of the youth toward their
body and life.

National and local advocacy


• Advocacy to put CSE into school
curriculum
• Campaign on increasing the public
awareness about SRHR
• Make a letter or petition to chosen
parliament member around you about
the importance of youth’s SRHR
• Analyze the national and
international law and demand the
commitment of them to fulfill and
support for youth’s SRHR.
• Make a research about the positive
impacts which support SRHR and use
it as an advocacy material.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 101


BEHIND THE SCENES
“Say ‘Hello!’ to Our Body”
BEHIN
D
SCENTEHE
S

“Say ‘Hello!’ to Our Body” is a participants of the workshop are


book published by Yayasan Jurnal 11 young people from Jakarta and
Perempuan colaborated with The the greater area. After attending the
Asian-Pacific Resource and Research workshop, the 11 participants were
Centre for Women (ARROW). The writing this book together in order to
writing process was started from “ share the knowledge to Indonesian
Youth Sexuality Workshop” which youth in a simple and youth-friendly
was held in June 29th – July 1st 2011 word. Furthermore, the process of
at Ciherang, Bogor. The workshop is publishing this book is actually a
focused on sharing knowledge about way to encourage meaningful youth
Comprehensive Sexuality Education, participation and to support the
ranging from basic concept about implementation of Comprehensive
Gender, Sexual and Reproductive Sexuality Education in Indonesian
rights, until about Sexually Transmitted educational curriculum.
Infections and HIV and AIDS . The

104 Say Hello! To Our Body!


THE TEAM
Do you want to know who
are the persons behind this
book? Here they are:

Person in charge:
Mariana Amiruddin

Project Officer:
Nisrina Nadhifah

Production Team:
Farhanah, Kurnia Wijiastuti,
Shintya Felicitas

Editor:
Ryan Fajar Febrianto, Nisrina
Nadhifah, Rinaldi Ridwan

Author:
Adi Ahdiat, Amalia Sekarjati,
Amira Ruzuar, Antonia Ristya,
Hatika Al-Safa, Joeliana, Kurnia
Wijiastuti, Lydia Natasha, Rae
Hutapea, Shabrina Wulan, Shintya
Felicitas.

Design & Illustration:


Yanuarudin Mukhlis

Translator:
Shabrina Wulan

Say Hello! To Our Body! 105


1. Ninies
UNESCO Indonesia. Until 2013 will
be active as Youth Advisor UNFPA
Indonesia. Had elected to become
Kartini Muda Indonesia 2011 in one of
the automotive companies version, and
the believer of a saying: life is a never
ending learning process that should be
enjoyed. She also believe that life is not
like a Panjat Pinang (climbing a tree)
that if you want to be on the top, we
must step on the people below.

Art, theater, movies, books, music,


Tumblr, coffee, bananas, and the beach
are things she likes to talk about.
Full Name : Nisrina Nadhifah Rahman Human Rights, Pluralism, Gender, and
Nickname : Ninies Sexuality? It’s a must !
Twitter : @niniesrina

2. Inal
Facebook : Niesrina Ninies Nadhifah
Tumblr : http://niniesrina.tumblr.
com

Ninies, 17 years old. “Trapped” in


holding a position as a youth program
assistant at Yayasan Jurnal Perempuan
as well as writer of Change Magazine
for 2 years. Had become the editor in
the Peace Generation Mizan, writer
of sexuality short story in Berbeda
& Berwarna, Had a chance to write
in Youthspeak The Jakarta Post, an
online magazine of global youth “Youth
Global Change” youthchangeglobal.
wordpress.com, and certainly in the
global web-Changemakers . net.
Full Name : Rinaldi Ridwan
Representative of Indonesia for the Nickname : Inal
Global Changemakers Youth Summit Twitter : @inalisme
2010 in London, UK and became E-mail : rinaldiridwan@gmail.com
facilitators for the same event in 2011,
from the British Council. Crew of Rinaldi, his nickname is Inal, recently
Media & Communication Youth Desk joined IPPF ESEAOR to attend Youth

106 Say Hello! To Our Body!


Leadership program to build youth Farhanah, has been called Fani since
network in Sexual and Reproductive she was a baby (not Fanny or Fanie). A
Health and Rights issues in East and milk and coffee enthusiasts which are
Southeast Asia, and Oceania region. actively writing in Change magazine
Before that, Rinaldi worked in Yayasan since 2009 and in 2011 have became
Jurnal Perempuan as Coordinator of the managing editor. Feel proud and
Youth Program since 2008. In early happy to be a part of the Change
2011, Rinaldi and some friends formed magazine and learn a lot of things that
the Youth Network in Jakarta. It is a can not be counted by money. The 4th
network of young activists coming child of four brothers, graduated from
from diverse backgrounds to discuss the University of Indonesia majoring in
and share youth activism. In addition, Communication Studies on 2010 with
Rinaldi is also a volunteer of Women’s a specialization in journalism. She has
Bestfriend, a network supported by a keen interest in the media field since
Women on Web working in solving she liked to read her brother’s magazine
unintended pregnancy in Jakarta. and her father’s newspaper during
Rinaldi can also be found on twitter @ childhood. Fani Loves to read books,
TabuSeksualitas and tabuseksualitas. though she seldom bought one, so that
tumblr.com where he and his colleague she is always devoted in borrowing
spread the information about Sexual her friends book during school time.
and Reproductive Health and Rights In addition, she also loves to write,
(SRHR) for young people. either on the sidelines learning logs,

3. Fani
super secret diaries, until finally dare to
publish it on the blog.

Since joining Change magazine in


Yayasan Jurnal Perempuan, she has
been more interested in gender, youth,
human rights, and also sexuality issues.
He aspires to do anything she loved
for her life. Fani also like to make a
number of variety of things to be 5.
Believe that ghosts are existing and
aliens are just nonsense. Dreaming to
make a school someday. Thinking that
happiness could be as simple as cold
Full Name : Farhanah coffee, hammocks, hot music, movies,
Nickname : Fani cool books, friends, laughter, and
Twitter : @farhanahaha empty train.
Facebook : Farhanah Faridz
Tumblr : http://koropakotak.tumblr.
com

Say Hello! To Our Body! 107


4. Nia
intern during one year to learn more
about youth advocacy in SRHR in
national and regional level, Nia also got
a chance to write in Change Magazine
which has made her be able to transfer
her writing hobby. Currently, she is
also a member of the Regional Youth
Moving from Indonesia, a group
of young people from ASEAN and
China which is also raised the issue of
sexuality and reproductive health and
rights for young people.

Along with her friend, she made a


twitter account @TaBuSeksualitas
Full Name : Kurnia Wijastuti and blogs on tabuseksualitas.tumblr.
Nickname : Nia com which discuss about youth’s
Twitter : @nona_nia SRHR so that young people can get
Facebook : Kurnia Soekarno the comprehensive information and be
able to ask and consult without feeling
Kurnia Wijiastuti, usually called Nia taboo and ashamed.
is a college student at University of

5. Ryan
Indonesia, Faculty of Public Health,
majoring Health Education and
Behavioral Sciences. She was born in
Jakarta, May 9th, 1988. Nia is irritated
on the taboo that restrict young people
in Indonesia in accessing information
on sexuality and reproductive health.
Believed that there will be a change,
had made her deciding to be involved
in activism and join to Independent
Youth Alliance, a youth-led
organization aiming to voice the rights
of young people in terms of sexual and
reproductive health, education, and
employment. In addition, she is also
a volunteer of Women’s bestfriend, a
network supported by Women on Web Full Name : Ryan Fajar Febrianto
which is concerned in unintended Nickname : Ryan
pregnancy in Jakarta. Nia joined Twitter : @febriantoryan
Yayasan Jurnal Perempuan as youth Facebook : Ryan Fajar Febrianto
6. Shintiya
Ryan is a college student of Sociology,
University of Indonesia. His interest in
Social and Cultural Studies led him to
become a volunteer at Yayasan Jurnal
perempuan (Change Magazine), 2011
Youth Leader in Global Citizen Corps
Indonesia (Indonesia GCC) which
serve under the Youth Community
of Mercy Corps, as well as the elected
representation of Indonesia in the
Global Changemakers British Council
Full Name : Shintya Felicitas
(global Youth Summit, London -
Nickname : Shintya
England 2011), which is a network of
Facebook : Shintya Felicitas
young activists around the world, based
Tumblr : shinteya.tumblr.com
in Bern, Switzerland. Now, Ryan is
running the Group Action Project with
Shintya, 19 years old. Currently a
the theme on youth empowerment
journalism student on Department of
project called “Action! Club” along
Communication Sciences, Faculty of
with other nine fellow of Global
Social and Political Sciences, University
Changemakers from the Philippines,
of Indonesia since 2010. Her hobby is
Armenia, Barbados, Pakistan, Serbia,
writing and aspires to be a journalist.
Afghanistan, and Bangladesh. Ryan
Newly acquaintances with the world of
currently busy in pursuing his dream
feminism and like it like crazy!
as an expert in Corporate Social
Shintya activities during her campus
Responsibility!
include: campus press (FISIPERS
UI), the UNESCO Youth Desk -
“Say “Hello!” to Our Body” is his first
Communication and Media Division,
book project with a team from Yayasan
Radio Contributors in Yayasan Jurnal
Jurnal Perempuan. “Youth can be
Perempuan, and several other activities.
the leaders of TODAY!” Is the motto
For questions, criticisms, suggestions,
as well as his motivation in making
or blasphemy can be sent to: shintiya@
changes.
jurnalperempuan.com or Facebook:
Shintya Felicitas. You may be also
messing around on her blog at:
shinteya.tumblr.com.

Say Hello! To Our Body! 109


7. Amira
soccer community with her friends in
philosophy major.

She began to recognize her pleasure


in the art world particularly in theater
role until ended up with playing
theater several times in 2010 and 2011.
Using the reason “just want” when
being asked why did she interested
to participate in the writing of this
book is a prove of Amira’s personality
representation who like new things
and dare to try it first. As a feminist,
Amira fully support any movement
toward gender equality and support
the implementation of comprehensive
sexuality education for young people in
Full Name : Amira Hasna Ruzuar
Indonesia.
Nickname : Amira

8. Tasha
Twitter : @miruzuar
Facebook : Amira Hasna Ruzuar
Tumblr : http://amiraruzuar.tumblr.
com

Amira is a philosophy student of


University of Indonesia who was
born in Cilegon, June 16th, 1994. The
second child of three sons and the
only daughter. Amira enjoys reading,
writing, music, philosophy, feminism,
candy, pool, blue, rain, theater, indoor
soccer, Charlie Chaplin, mothers,
docks, and a smile.
Full Name : Lydia Natasha Hadiwinata
Amira decided to get out of school Nickname : Tasha
because she is not satisfied with Twitter : @lydianatasha
Indonesian educational system at the Facebook : Lydia Natasha Hadiwinata
age of 12. Admiring Pramoedya Ananta
Toer and confessing that she did not Tasha, 21 years old, is a senior students
like sports but ended up in becoming majoring in Multimedia Journalism
a semi-professional swimmer and have at the University of Multimedia
won several medals. She is also join the Nusantara, Ivory in Tangerang,

110 Say Hello! To Our Body!


8. Sekar
Banten. In campus, Tasha had ever
become a coordinator in the Division
of Journalism and Communication
Students Association and also
Coordinator of Communications and
Information Media. Now she is still
active with students group, Ultima
Sonora Choir and the acting world
with teater Katak..
Tasha is currently a writer contributor
at Change magazine and had
internships at SCTV and Kompas.com
a few months ago as a reporter. Tasha
has been interested in and concerned Full Name : Amalia Sekarjati
about human rights, women’s, and Nickname : Sekar
youth’s sexuality issue. “Sex is often Twitter : @amaliagalaujati
considered as taboo to be talked about Facebook : Amalia Sekarjati
by the parents to their children, while
us as young people, really need to know Sekar was born in Jakarta, March 4th,
about our own bodies. So I am very 1991. Have difficulties in describing
happy to be invited to participate in herself due to her preference to be
writing this Youth Sexuality handbook! described by others. Had two hobbies:
Three days duration in Ciherang with hanging out with friends for a chat
cold and mellow condition where we and situate herself to feel the loneliness
exchange ideas for writing this book, in a crowd. Sekar is interested in the
is a really valuable experience for me. imagery and fantasy, both created by
During the worksho, I have made others or created in her own mind.
friends which passionate in spreading “This book provides an opportunity
this info and we have been aware to our for me to write and recognize myself.
rights to know all the knowledge about Sexuality, for me, has been positioned
our bodies! I’m just so happy!” to be far away from our daily life which
it is closely linked with every human
being. Hopefully by reading this book,
young people can be familiar and ‘not
hostile’ with themselves. Enjoy reading
and exploring yourself!

Say Hello! To Our Body! 111


10. Wulan vocational high school in South Jakarta.
She had ever taught under the bridge
and currently joining Change Magazine
from Yayasan Jurnal Perempuan as
contributor. In summary, Wulan really
likes to receive any opportunities to
learn and experience new things,
including the opportunity to make this
project.
“Actually, I’m more concerned at
educational issues rather than sexuality
or gender, but after getting some
materials from Change and participate
in the workshop, I know that education
Full Name : Shabrina Wulan Nursita plays a vital role on sexuality issues.
Nickname : Wulan/Cewul Therefore, I become more interested
Twitter : @Cewulans and am very happy because I
Facebook : Shabrina Wulan Nursita could involve in sharing important
knowledge for youth with a cool and
Shabrina Wulan Nursita more solid team.”
familiarly known as Wulan or Cewul.

11. Tika
At the time of this project was made,
Wulan was enrolled at the University
of Indonesia majoring in English
Literature in 7th term. Because she
considered as the one who just come to
campus and then go home after, Wulan
never tied with one organization or
any particular project before. Wulan
has a lot of experiences in various
fields, namely the online business of
buying and selling range from the
conventional, SEO, Affiliate Marketing,
PTC, Microworkers, etc. Moreover,
she also had ever joined the MLM
which spent millions of money. She
has also been given training of Futures
Trading / Trading stock index futures Full Name : Hatika Alshafa
like Hanseng, Kospi, Forex, at a stock Nickname : Tika
brokerage firm, and ever became part- Facebook : Hatika Al Shafa
time English teacher at a prestigious
Students of Sociology, University of Juliana, better known as Joel which
Indonesia batch 2010. Besides her many people say it is similar to a guy
daily activity in studying, Tika is name, did not care about her name
also teaching at a course institution. whether her name is spelled like a girl
Tika currently active in the Student’s or a boy name.
research and study club, Young Joel is a 7th term student of UAJY
Intellectual Circle, FISIP UI. Currently (University of Atma Jaya Yogyakarta),
pioneering the campus newspaper but she was born and raised in
“Merdesa UI”, and in her spare time Singkawang, West Kalimantan. In
she become a contributor of an addition to its status as a student, Joel
environmental organisation, Lantan also taught Mandarin language in some
Bentala. Tika enjoys reading, writing, kindergartens, “to shared the language
and is interested in children, women, and to save for the future”. Joel is also
and poverty issues. If you like to discuss active in the Student Service Board for
about anything especially history 2 years and served many young people
and literature. Tika can be reached in various universities in a form of
via ym; in hatikaalshafa@ymail.com, Prayer Fellowship.
facebook; Hatika Al Safa, or blog http:// “One thing I never imagine is, I will
myeldunariworld.wordpress.com involve deeply about gender issues.

12. Joel
I reject all forms of discrimination
against women, including stereotypes,
beauty myths, violence, and anything
else that would harm the women. “
As a gender equality activist, Joel often
follow the integration course program
that has to do with gender. Then as her
act, Joel has written on the blog and
done a little writing which has also
been published as opinion from reader
in JOGJA Bernas, (12/2/2010) with the
title “The press-Crown for Women” in
order to celebrate the Press.

Full Name : Juliana


Nickname : Joel
Facebook : Juliana Joel Angeu
Messenger: joeliangeu@gmail.com

Say Hello! To Our Body! 113


13. Rae
and O magazine. In this book, Rae
wrote about sexual diversity.
“Writing a book on Youth Sexuality is a
new thing for me because it is the first
time writing for a book. It was shocking
when being asked to be the author and
should stay in Ciherang for 3 days to
learn about sex, sexual, and sexuality.
A discussions like this are rarely able
to be discussed by youth because it is
still considered as dirty and disgusting.
I hope that this book can open up
horizons for young people to think
about their own body and reproductive
organs, and surely make the youth
think that sexuality is something that is
Full Name : Rae Sita Michel
not disgusting”
Nickname : Rae

14. Risty
Twitter : @rererae
Facebook : Rae Hutapea

Rae Sita Michel, commonly called Rae.


Born in Jakarta, 16th April 1994. Rae
loves the writing world, journalism,
music, and hang out. She always spend
her spare time with writing, reading,
playing guitar, violin, blogging, and
hang out. Currently incorporated in
the stewardship of New Kebayoran
GKI Youth Commission, members of
the Youth Nature Lovers (Trupala),
KompasMuda Community, MSP crew
in O Magazine, the ambassadors of
Ouch magazine, contributors EO of
YJP CHANGE magazine, reporter Full Name : Antonia Dian Aristya
and broadcasters in the program Teen Nickname : Risty
Voice-KBR 68H. Formerly, had become Twitter : @antoniaristyaa
the representative of Provoke Magazine Facebook : Antonia Dian Aristya
for a year. Some of her writing has
also been published in KompasMuda, Dian Aristya Antonia, born in Jakarta,
Provoke magazine, Ouch magazine, 15th November 1993. She is still a
IOTA magazine (GKI KebayoranBaru), student in SMA 6 Jakarta 12 grade in

114 Say Hello! To Our Body!


science major. In this book, Risty is Adi Ahdiat, or can be called Adi is a
writing in the biological part which she student of the Faculty of Humanities
said really complicated. Dreaming to UI, majoring in Philosophy. His
be someone who can bring Indonesia’s interest in writing and discussion made
positive image at the international level him want to involve in the sexuality
by becoming a diplomat. training at Ciherang and in writing
“I am really happy to have solid friends this book. In this book, Adi served as
in Youth Sexuality Books because the Co-Coordinator of Writers. His
they can think in such a mature way. hobbies are playing music, discussing,
Also, glad to be one of the authors and during the process of making
and contributors event of Change this book, Adi is busy in writing his
magazine.” undergraduate thesis.
Risty loves everything about reading
and books which are inspiring, creative
and innovative. Because up to now she
still believes that books are windows to
the world which can bring you to your
wildest dream.

15. Adi

Full Name : Adi Ahdiat


Nickname : Adi
Email : adikudaadi@gmail.com

Say Hello! To Our Body! 115


116 Say Hello! To Our Body!

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