Kayla Fowler

ECD 102

ECD 102: Growth and Development I

Developmental Domain by Age

Age Group: 24 to 36 months

Developmental Domain: Physical
Developmental Milestones:
❖ Can run without falling and jump in place (g)
❖ Can remove lids by twisting and pulling off (f)
❖ Can fold paper, draw a circle, scribble, draw lines, unbutton and zip
clothing (f)
❖ Can throw, kick, and toss a ball overhead (g)
❖ Can climb and walk upstairs and downstairs alone one foot at a time (g)

Developmental Characteristics and Needs:

❖ Is beginning to show interest in potty training (c)
❖ Is beginning to build towers of 5 to 6 blocks (c)
❖ Needs experience outside of classroom in nature with ability to run and
climb (n)
❖ Needs encouragement to be physically active (n)
❖ Is showing interest in learning to use a riding toy like a tricycle (c)

Developmental Influences:
❖ Ability to play outside, explore physical body in motion allows a child to
meet all physical milestones (P)
❖ Lack of climbing material, space to explore, jump or run limits child’s
physical activity level (N)
❖ Provided materials to work fine motor skills like blocks and puzzles (P)
❖ No safe environment to explore, learn and grow negatively impacts all
parts of child’s development (N)
❖ Caregivers modelling, supporting, encouraging, and providing right
materials to aid in developing physical skills (P)

Characteristics of Learning Environment:

 ❖ An outside area with a mixture of sunny, shady areas
❖ Climbing equipment, slides, balls, and protected surfaces outside
❖ Have various sized blocks for children to build with
❖ Have stringing beads, buttons, and zippers for children to work with
❖ Have a routine that has gross motor activities and fine motor activities

Adult Roles:
❖ Let children try and help dress self
❖ Give opportunities for riding tricycles
❖ Try playing catch with large sized balls and roll ball for child to kick
❖ Take turns doing puzzles, stringing beans, and building blocks with child
❖ Play outside with child and encourage running, climbing, and using riding
toys

Research and Theory:

❖ John Dewey- “education needs to be child centered, active, and
interactive;” children need to be engaged and encouraged to explore
❖ Erik Erikson- “set clear limits;” children are going to want to explore more
physically at this age and should do so as long as they are safe and won’t
harm themselves or others
❖ Jean Piaget- “children need to create their own understanding and do
things for themselves;” children need to explore their physical environment
like learning to ride tricycles and climbing
❖ Maria Montessori- “schedule large blocks of open ended time;” in order
for children to thoroughly explore their environment and interests they
need large periods of time to do so
❖ Lev Vygotsky- “children benefit from scaffolding and assistance from
teachers and peers;” for example when learning to ride a tricycle a child
might be apprehensive but with encouragement from fellow children and
caregiver they will feel confident enough to try

Professional References:
American Academy of Pediatrics. (2009). Developmental Milestones. Caring for
Your Baby and Young Child: Birth to Age 5. Retrieved from
https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-
stages/baby/Pages/Developmental-Milestones-12-Months.aspx

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2008). Milestone Moments: Learn
the Signs. Act Early. Elk Grove Village, Il.

Georgia Division of Family and Children Services: Office of Prevention and Family
Support. (2017). Learning and Development: Toddlers 24 months to 36 Months.
Better Brains for Babies. Retrieved from
http://spock.fcs.uga.edu/ext/bbb/childDev_24-36.php

Lane Community College. (1996). Characteristics of Children at Different Ages

and What They Need from Their Child Care at These Stages. Family Connections
of Lane& Douglas Counties. Retrieved from
https://www.lanecc.edu/lfc/characteristics-children
Mooney, C.G. (2013). Theories of Childhood: An Introduction to Dewey,
Montessori, Erikson, Piaget & Vygotsky. St. Paul, MN: Redleaf Press

Puckett, M.B., Black, J.K., & Moriarity, J. (2007). Understanding Toddler

Development. St. Paul, MN: Redleaf Press