4-2 Spherical shell or dished end with isolated opening and increased wall thickness
The calculation pressure: P 2,5 [Mpa]
The test pressure: Ptest 3,8 [Mpa] The minimum yield strength or 0,2% proof strength at calculation temperature: Rp0,2T 355 [Mpa]
The minimum tensile strength at 20°C: Rm/20 450 [Mpa]
Joint coefficient: z 0,7 [] The diameter of a hole, or the inside diameter of a nozzle: d 400 [mm] Inside radius of curvature of the shell at the opening centre: ris 1000 [mm]
Analysis thickness of shell wall or mean analysis
thickness within the length l's and excluding the thickness of the reinforcing pad if fitted: ea,s 30 [mm] Assumed shell thickness of shell wall for checking of reinforcement of an opening. The thickness may be assumed by designer between the minimum required shell thickness e and the shell analysis thickness ea,s. This assumed thickness shall then be used consistently in all requirements: ec,s 35 [mm] Length of shell, from the edge of an opening or from the external diameter of a nozzle, to a shell discontinuity: ls 1500 [mm] Nominal design stress of shell material for normal operating cases: 𝑅 , 𝑅 / 𝑓 = 𝑚𝑖𝑛 ; 1,5 2,4 𝑅 , 𝑅 / 𝑓 = 𝑚𝑖𝑛 ∗ 0,9; ∗ 0,9 : 𝑧 ≤ 0,7 1,5 2,4 fs 168,8 [Mpa]
Nominal design stress of shell material for test cases:
𝑅 , 𝑓 = 1,05 fstest 338,1 [Mpa] Maximum length of shell contributing to opening reinforcement, taken on the mean surface of the shell wall: 𝑙 = 2𝑟 + 𝑒 , ∗𝑒 ,
lso 266,9 [mm]
Effective length of shell for opening reinforcement:
𝑙 ´ = 𝑚𝑖𝑛 𝑙 ; 𝑙 l´s 266,9 [mm] Medium radius of curvature of the shell at the opening centre: 𝑟 = 𝑟 + 0,5 ∗ 𝑒 , rms 1015,0 [mm] Coefficient: 𝑑 𝛿= 2∗𝑟 δ 0,20 [] Distance taken along the mid-thickness of the shell between the centre of an opening and the external edge of a nozzle or a ring; or, if no nozzle or ring is present, a is the distance between the centre of the hole and its bore: 𝑎=𝑟 ∗ 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛿 a 201,3 [mm]