Statistic Exercise 2

Inferential Statistics

Instruction:
1. Create a template of SPSS using the data provided and do data cleaning. Print Screen the variable view and data

view after done the data key in process to be submitted.

2. Compute a new variable of stress, anxiety and depression using transform method.
 Go to transform, click compute variable
 In the target variable box enter a name for the variable you will be calculating.
 In the Numeric Expression box, type SUM, then in brackets, move across all the variables included in this
calculation. (SUM(S1,S4,S6)
 Press OK. SPSS will calculate each participant's sub-scale.
 Repeat the above procedure for the remaining calculations.
3. Recode the variable of stress, anxiety and depression according to the severity levels - refer to the interpretation
of severity levels.
4. Print Screen the Transform and Recorded Variable View and Data View to be submitted.

Answer the following research questions and hypotheses

1. What is the stress level among university students?

Statistics
RecodedDepres
RecodedStress sion RecodedAnxiety
N Valid 196 196 196
Missing 0 0 0
Mean 1.6122 1.7602 2.6173
Median 1.0000 1.0000 2.0000
Mode 1.00 1.00 1.00
Std. Deviation .92966 1.08540 1.34793
Variance .864 1.178 1.817
Minimum 1.00 1.00 1.00
Maximum 5.00 5.00 5.00

RecodedStress
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid Normal (0-7) 124 63.3 63.3 63.3
Mild (8-9) 35 17.9 17.9 81.1
Moderate (10-12) 28 14.3 14.3 95.4
Severe (13-16) 7 3.6 3.6 99.0
Extremely Severe (17+) 2 1.0 1.0 100.0
Total 196 100.0 100.0
Based on the table and graph, the mean for stress level among university students is 1.6122.
While median is 1.0000 and mode is 1.00. For standard deviation, the value is .92966 and for
variance is .864. The minimum range for stress level is 1.00 while maximum range is 5.00.

Most of the students were in normal condition which is 124 people (63.3%) while second highest
is in mild condition which is 35 people (17.9%). There are 28 students that in moderate level
which is 14.3% and 7 students in severe level which is 3.6%. Lastly, there are 2 students that
extremely severe which is included 1%.

2. What is the anxiety level among university students?

RecodedAnxiety
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid Normal (0-3) 52 26.5 26.5 26.5
Mild (4-5) 50 25.5 25.5 52.0
Moderate (6-7) 38 19.4 19.4 71.4
Severe (8-9) 33 16.8 16.8 88.3
Extremely Severe (10+) 23 11.7 11.7 100.0
Total 196 100.0 100.0
Based on the graph, the mean value for anxiety level among university students is 2.6173. While the median value is
2.6173 and for mode level is 1.00. The standard deviation value for anxiety level is 1.34793 and for variance value is
1.817. The minimum range is 1.00 while maximum range for anxiety level is 5.00.

The highest frequency is students with normal rate which is 52 people (26.5%) and secondly is in mild condition
which is 50 people (25.5%). After that, in moderate level there are 38 students (19.4%). For severe level, 33 students
face that which is 16.8%. Lastly, there are 23 students having extremely severe level for anxiety (11.7%) which is
quite high for overall.

3. What is the depression level among university students?

RecodedDepression
Cumulative
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid Normal (0-4) 115 58.7 58.7 58.7
Mild (5-6) 34 17.3 17.3 76.0
Moderate (7-10) 34 17.3 17.3 93.4
Severe (11-13) 5 2.6 2.6 95.9
Extremely Severe 8 4.1 4.1 100.0
Total 196 100.0 100.0
Based on the graph above, the mean for depression level among university students is 1.7602.

The depression level among university students are mostly at normal rate (58.7%) which is 115 people while the
second high is 34 people get mild condition (17.3%).

4. There is no mean difference between diploma and degree students on stress, anxiety and depression.

Group Statistics
Levelofeducation N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
TotalStress diploma 28 6.5714 4.02242 .76017
degree 168 6.7619 3.27984 .25305

Group statistic indicated that the mean level of stress among diploma students was 6.57 with the standard
deviation was 4.02. For the degree students, the mean was 6.76 with the standard deviation was 3.27.
 Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test
for Equality of
Variances t-test for Equality of Means
95% Confidence
Sig. Interval of the
(2- Mean Std. Error Difference
F Sig. t df tailed) Difference Difference Lower Upper
TotalStress Equal 5.600 .019 - 194 .784 -.19048 .69258 -1.55643 1.17548
variances .275
assumed
Equal - 33.249 .814 -.19048 .80118 -1.82002 1.43907
variances .238
not
assumed

For T test analysis indicated F Levene’s Test (F=5.60), (P=.019) t(df=194)=-.275, p=.784, which is larger than the
p significant level 0.05. Therefore, the hypothesis there is no mean difference between diploma and degree
students on stress is failed to reject.

Group Statistics
Levelofeducation N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
TotalDepression diploma 28 4.5714 4.58200 .86592
degree 168 4.4940 3.49679 .26978

Group statistic indicated that the mean level of depression among diploma students was 4.57 with the standard
deviation was 4.58. For the degree students, the mean was 4.49 with the standard deviation was 3.49.
 Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test
for Equality of
Variances t-test for Equality of Means
95% Confidence
Sig. Interval of the
(2- Mean Std. Error Difference
F Sig. t df tailed) Difference Difference Lower Upper
TotalDepression Equal 5.880 .016 .103 194 .918 .07738 .74855 -1.39895 1.55371
variances
assumed
Equal .085 32.447 .933 .07738 .90697 -1.76906 1.92382
variances
not
assumed

For T test analysis indicated F Levene’s Test (F=5.88), (P=.016) t(df=194)=-.103, p=.918, which is larger than the
p significant level 0.05. Therefore, the hypothesis there is no mean difference between diploma and degree
students on depression is failed to reject.

Group Statistics
Levelofeducation N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
TotalAnxiety diploma 28 5.5357 3.36080 .63513
degree 168 5.8274 3.42760 .26445

Group statistic indicated that the mean level of anxiety among diploma students was 5.53 with the standard
deviation was 3.36. For the degree students, the mean was 5.82 with the standard deviation was 3.42.
 Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test
for Equality of
Variances t-test for Equality of Means
95% Confidence
Sig. Interval of the
(2- Mean Std. Error Difference
F Sig. t df tailed) Difference Difference Lower Upper
TotalAnxiety Equal .124 .725 - 194 .676 -.29167 .69777 -1.66787 1.08453
variances .418
assumed
Equal - 36.993 .674 -.29167 .68798 -1.68567 1.10233
variances .424
not
assumed

For T test analysis indicated F Levene’s Test (F=.124), (P=.725) t(df=194)= -.418, p=.676, which is larger than the
p significant level 0.05. Therefore, the hypothesis there is no mean difference between diploma and degree
students on anxiety is failed to reject.

5. There is no mean difference between male and female students on stress, anxiety and depression.

Group Statistics
Gender N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
TotalStress male 54 6.8519 2.74314 .37329
female 142 6.6901 3.60689 .30268
TotalDepression male 54 4.5370 3.19027 .43414
female 142 4.4930 3.83109 .32150
TotalAnxiety male 54 5.9815 3.04984 .41503
female 142 5.7113 3.54621 .29759
 Independent Samples Test
Levene's
Test for
Equality of
Variances t-test for Equality of Means
95% Confidence
Sig. Interval of the
(2- Mean Std. Error Difference
F Sig. t df tailed) Difference Difference Lower Upper
TotalStress Equal 3.389 .067 .298 194 .766 .16171 .54244 -.90812 1.23154
variances
assumed
Equal .336 125.251 .737 .16171 .48059 -.78942 1.11284
variances
not
assumed
TotalDepression Equal 2.003 .159 .075 194 .940 .04408 .58630 -1.11225 1.20041
variances
assumed
Equal .082 114.164 .935 .04408 .54022 -1.02608 1.11424
variances
not
assumed
TotalAnxiety Equal .431 .512 .495 194 .622 .27021 .54642 -.80748 1.34791
variances
assumed
Equal .529 110.527 .598 .27021 .51070 -.74181 1.28224
variances
not
assumed

Group statistic indicated that the mean level of stress among male students was 6.85 with the standard deviation was
2.74. For the female students, the mean was 6.69 with the standard deviation was 3.60.

For T test analysis indicated F Levene’s Test (F=3.389), (P=.067) t(df=194)= -.418, p=.298, which is larger than the p
significant level 0.05. Therefore, the hypothesis there is no mean difference between male and female students on
stress is failed to reject.

Group statistic indicated that the mean level of depression among male students was 4.53 with the standard
deviation was 3.19. For the female students, the mean was 4.49 with the standard deviation was 3.83.
For T test analysis indicated F Levene’s Test (F=2.003), (P=.159) t(df=194)= .075, p=.940, which is larger than the p
significant level 0.05. Therefore, the hypothesis there is no mean difference between male and female students on
depression is failed to reject.

Group statistic indicated that the mean level of anxiety among male students was 5.98 with the standard deviation
was 3.04. For the female students, the mean was 5.71 with the standard deviation was 3.54.

For T test analysis indicated F Levene’s Test (F=.431), (P=.512) t(df=194)= .495, p=.622, which is larger than the p
significant level 0.05. Therefore, the hypothesis there is no mean difference between male and female students on
anxiety is failed to reject.

6. There is no relationship between stress and depression among university students. (use two types of correlation
analysis)
Correlations
TotalStress TotalDepression
TotalStress Pearson Correlation 1 .616**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
N 196 196
TotalDepression Pearson Correlation .616** 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
N 196 196
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Peardon correlation indicated r= .616, p= .000, which is smaller than the significant level 0.05. According to
Guildford Rule of Thumb, relationship between stress and depression among university students was moderate
level. Therefore the hypothesis no relationship between stress and depression among university student is
rejected.
Correlations
RecodedDepres
RecodedStress sion
Spearman's rho RecodedStress Correlation Coefficient 1.000 .437**
Sig. (2-tailed) . .000
N 196 196
RecodedDepression Correlation Coefficient .437** 1.000
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .
N 196 196
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Spearman’s rho correlation analysis indicated rho=.437, p=.000, which is smaller than the significant level 0.05.
According to Guildford Rule of Thumb, relationship between stress and depression among university students is
rejected.
7. There is no relationship between stress and anxiety among university students. (use two types of correlation
analysis)

Descriptive Statistics
Mean Std. Deviation N
TotalStress 6.7347 3.38489 196
TotalAnxiety 5.7857 3.41114 196

Correlations
TotalStress TotalAnxiety
TotalStress Pearson Correlation 1 .716**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
N 196 196
TotalAnxiety Pearson Correlation .716** 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
N 196 196
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Pearson correlation indicated r= .716, p=.000, which is smaller than the significant level 0.05.
According to Guildford Rule of Thumb, relationship between stress and anxiety among
university student was high relationship level. Therefore the hypotheses no relationship between
stress and anxiety among university student is rejected.

Correlations
RecodedStress RecodedAnxiety
Spearman's rho RecodedStress Correlation Coefficient 1.000 .622**
Sig. (2-tailed) . .000
N 196 196
RecodedAnxiety Correlation Coefficient .622** 1.000
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .
N 196 196
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Spearman’s rho correlation analysis indicated rho=.622, p=.000, which is smaller than the
significant level 0.05. According to Guildford Rule of Thumb, relationship between stress and
anxiety among university students was moderated level. Therefore the hypothesis no relationship
between stress and anxiety among university student is rejected.
8. There is no relationship between anxiety and depression among university students. (use two types of correlation
analysis)

Descriptive Statistics
Mean Std. Deviation N
TotalAnxiety 5.7857 3.41114 196
TotalDepression 4.5051 3.65779 196

Correlations
TotalAnxiety TotalDepression
TotalAnxiety Pearson Correlation 1 .586**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
N 196 196
TotalDepression Pearson Correlation .586** 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
N 196 196
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Pearson correlation indicated r= .586, p=.000, which is smaller than the significant level 0.05.
According to Guildford Rule of Thumb, relationship between stress and anxiety among
university student was high relationship level. Therefore the hypotheses no relationship between
stress and anxiety among university student is rejected.

Correlations
RecodedDepres
RecodedAnxiety sion
Spearman's rho RecodedAnxiety Correlation Coefficient 1.000 .446**
Sig. (2-tailed) . .000
N 196 196
RecodedDepression Correlation Coefficient .446** 1.000
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .
N 196 196
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Spearman’s rho correlation analysis indicated rho=.446, p=.000, which is smaller than the
significant level 0.05. According to Guildford Rule of Thumb, relationship between stress and
anxiety among university students was moderated level. Therefore the hypothesis no relationship
between stress and anxiety among university student is rejected.

Please answer all of these questions according to the APA format.

Submit the statistic exercise 2 by 15 April 2019 before 5pm. Thank you.