Assignment 1

1. How the total quantity of water required by a town is estimated?

2. State Dupuit’s assumptions for obtaining general equations governing groundwater flow.
Derive an expression for the confined aquifer. How can the expression be used to evaluate the
aquifer permeability.
3. Explain with the help of a sketch the utility of a mass curve. What are the factors governing
the selection of a particular source of water? What is trap efficiency and capacity inflow ratio?
How deposition of sediments are controlled in reservoir?
4. How economic height of a dam is designed? Discuss with sketches the different storage zones
of a reservoir.
5. While doing a recuperation test, the water level in an open well was depressed by pumping
upto 3.0 m. The water level was raised by 1.5 m within 50 minutes just after stopping the
pumping. Determine
(i) Yield from the well if the diameter of the well is 2.5 m and the depression head is 3.3 m.
(ii) The diameter of the well to give 15 litres/sec under a depression head of 3.0.

6. A 0.50 m diameter well fully penetrates an unconfined aquifer which is 30.0 m thick. The
drawdown at the pumped well is 10.0 m and the hydraulic conductivity of the gravel aquifer is
6.4 x 10-3 m/sec. If the flow is steady and discharge is 0.014 m3/sec, determine the drawdown
at a site 100.0 m from the well.
7. If the storage co-efficient is 2.74 x 10-4 and the transmissibility is 2.63 x 10-3 m2/sec, calculate
the drawdown that will result at the end of 100 days of pumping a 0.61 m diameter well at a
rate of 2.21 x 10-2 m2/sec.
8. What is meant by coincident drift? How it is used an estimating design draft for the design of
distribution system?
9. What is meant by “design period” and “population forecasts”? Why the population forecast is
necessary in the design of public water supply schemes?
10. Sketch the fluctuations in water demand for typical Indian conditions.
11. “Intermittent water supply systems” and “policy of metering” are debatable and should be used
only after full considerations of the particular project. - Give a reason for the statement.
12. In a town, it has been decided to provide 200 litres per head per day in the 21st century. Estimate
domestic water requirements of this town in the year of AD 2000 by projecting the population
of the town by incremental increase method.
Year Population
1940 2,37,98,624
1950 4,69,78,325
1960 5,47,86,437
1970 6,34,67,823
1980 6,90,77,421
13. A proposed reservoir has a capacity of 500 ha-m. The catchment area is 125 km2 and the annual
stream flow averages 12 cm of runoff. If the annual sediment production is 0.03 ha-m/km2,
what is the probable life of the reservoir before its capacity is reduced by 10% of its initial
 capacity by sedimentation? The relationship between trap efficiency η and capacity inflow
ratio C/I is as under:
C/I 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7
η (%) 43 60 74 80 84 87 93 95 96 97

14. Following is the population of a city as noted from the census department.
Year Population
1950 35000
1960 78000
1970 115000
Determine (i) the saturation population (ii) the equation of the logistic curve & (iii) the expected
population in 1980.
15. What do you understand by the term per capita demand? What are the factors affecting the per
capita water demand?
16. A 60 cm diameter well is being pumped at a rate of 1360 litres/minute. Measurements in a
nearby test well were made at the same time as follows:
At a distance of 6 m from the well being pumped, the drawdown was 6 m.
At a distance of 15 m from the well being pumped, the drawdown was 1.5 m.
The bottom of the well is 90 m below the groundwater table. Determine
i. Co-efficient of permeability.
ii. If all the observed points were on the Dupuit’s Curve, what was the drawdown in the well
during pumping?
iii. What is the specific capacity of the well?
iv. What is the maximum rate at which water can be drawn from the well?
17. Give an equation defining Darcy’s law. What is its limitation? What is an artesian well?
Differentiate with sketch between confined and unconfined aquifer.
18. Design a bell mouth canal intake for a city of 75,000 persons, drawing water from a canal
which runs only for 10 hours a day with a depth of 1.5 m. also calculate the head loss in the
intake conduit if the treatment works are 0.25 km away. Draw a neat sketch of the canal intake.
Given average consumption per person= 150 l/d. Assume the velocity through the screens and
bell mouth to be less than 16 cm/sec and 32 cm/sec respectively.
19. The difference between the level of catchment and a service reservoir is 150 m and the distance
between them is 48 km. the reservoir was originally constructed by a single pipeline designed
to carry 0.26 m3/sec. it was later found necessary to increase the supply to 0.365 m3/sec and it
was decided to lay another pipeline of same diameter along the first part of the length and cross
connected. Calculate the diameters of the pipe and the length of the second pipe.
20. In fine sand aquifer region, design a well to get 10 litres/sec yield under depression head of 2.7
metres. Value of C’/A in cum/hr per sq. metre of the area may be taken as 0.60.