Good morning Mr Lai and fellow friends.

We thank Mr Lai for giving us the oppurtunity to sell the

product about X-ray. Before we start selling our product, we have to introduce ourselves first. I am
Seng Yee, (CONTINUE...).

We are here to sell this product which call X-ray machine. We all knew that X-ray is a kind of wave.
Now we're going to talk about what actually is wave and what is it's charateristics to let you know
what is the thing you are going to buy. A wave is a travelling disturbance from a vibrating or oscillating
source. As a wave travels, it carries energy along with it in the direction of its propagation. Wave can
be reflect, refract, diffract and interfere. X-ray is a component of electromagnetic spectrum. What is
an electromagnetic spectrum? It is a transverse wave that transfer energy from one place to another.
It can travel in a speed of 3×108 ms-1 through vacuum. X-ray's source is X-ray tube and it's property
which mean wavelength is 5.0×10-11 m to 5.0×10-8 m. Range of frequencies in X-ray spectrum is 1017 -
1020 Hz. Wavalength of X-rays more than 0.5 Nanometre are called soft X-rays, while those less than
0.1 Nanometre are called hard X-rays. Due to their penetrating ability, hard X-rays are widely used to
image the inside of objects in medical radiography and airport security. Since the wavelengths of hard
X-rays are similar to the size of atoms, they are also useful for determining crystal structures by X-ray
crystallography.

You must buy a thing that you know exactly how it function. So, this, is a X-ray tube. A X-ray tube is in
a X-ray machine. This two piece of wire is connected to a 6.3 voltage which is a low alternating
voltage. It pushes an alternating current through this wire. At the end of the wire have a filament, just
like the filament in the light bulb. The filament gets very hot and become a glowing wire which is a
cathode. What happened here is that electrons are released from the wire and they are released by a
process called thermionic emission.

So, imagine this two line is the surface of the wire and this big circle is the atom. This small circle is
the electrons which carry the current. As the wire heats up the electrons, the electrons are given lots
of kinetic energy because of the current and they start zooming all over around. The atoms which is
fixed in place start vibrating more than they did before and that’s what makes the wire hot. Some of
the electrons are given enough kinetic energy to actually just escape the surface only by a few
nanometers. In most situation the electron would just drop back into the wire because we made this
positively charged by releasing the electron. But, if I put a massive large positive voltage over here,
when the electrons are released from the wire, they will go acress the gap and accelerating all the
way torward the voltage and that is the process called thermionic emission.

So, the electrons get emitted from this wire and then they zoom across the gap here. This gap is
evacuated which we called it vacuum. Why the gap must be evacuated? If there was air in here, the
electrons would hit the air molecules on the way across and lose lots of kinetic energy and probably
most of them would not make it to the anode at all. This blue line represent the electron beam. When
it goes to the other side, it impacts upon this piece of metal. This is called anode and the anode is a
target made of tungsten. The electrons hits strike and penetrate into the tungsten and by interacting
with the atoms within the tungsten.Finally, X-rays is produced. But, this would make the tungsten
very hot in this position because a stream of uncountable numbers of electrons hitting this part of the
tungsten target. The way its kept cool is to rotate this at very high speed so its connected to a high
torque electric motor which rotate this things rapidly. As it rotates, It prevents the electron in one
part of the tungsten and enables them to effectively be spread out over the entire area of the
tungsten target.
And this is how a X-ray machine work. Now, we have a new technology to compress the X-ray
machine into a smaller box. This is the product. The X-ray tube is inside of the box and the X-ray will
be produced and shoot out through this gap. We will put a photographic film on the tha table and the
people lie down on it. After that, the X-ray will penetrate through the soft tissue of our body and
shoot to the film and make the film remain black. X-ray cannot penetrate the hard tissue of our body
like bone and make some part of film become white. We hope this product will bring lot of
advantages to the people who suffer the pain of some desease. Hope you guys want to buy this
product and thank all of you for paying attention.