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SECTION 042200
SECTION 042200
CONCRETE UNIT MASONRY
PART 1 - GENERAL
1.2 SUMMARY
B. Products installed, but not furnished, under this Section include the following:
1. Where applicable, steel shelf angles for unit masonry, furnished under
Division 05 Section "Metal Fabrications."
C. Products installed, but not furnished, under this Section include the following:
1. Firestopping for unit masonry, furnished under Division 07 Section "Penetration
Firestopping"
1.3 DEFINITIONS
A. The following British and American reference standards included in this Section shall
apply as specified. Where conflicts among codes, standards and specifications exist,
the one having the most stringent requirements shall govern:
1. BS EN ISO 1461:1999 Specification for hot dip galvanized coatings on iron and
steel articles.
2. BS 4482: 1985 Specs for Cold reduced steel wire for reinforcement of concrete.
3. BS 5178: 1975 Specification for pre-stressed concrete pipes for drainage &
sewage.
4. BS EN 772-2: Precuts concrete masonry units.
5. BS 6398: 1983 Specification for bitumen damp-proof courses for masonry.
6. BS EN 771-4: 2001: 'Specification for Masonry units - AAC Mason
7. ASTM A82-97a - Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete
Reinforcement; 1997.
1.5 SUBMITTALS
A. Product Data: Manufacturer’s technical literature for each type of product and system
indicated. Include manufacturer's specifications for materials, finishes, construction
details, installation instructions, and recommendations for maintenance.
B. Shop Drawings: Show details of construction, including dimensioned drawings,
plans, elevations, sections and details of components to be incorporated into Work
including, but not limited to, the following:
1. Concrete Masonry Units: Show sizes, profiles, and coursing.
2. Special Masonry Shapes: Submit large-scale details for each shape required or
indicated.
3. Flashing: Large-scale details for each element of flashing system showing layout,
profiles, methods of joining, and anchorage details; including lintel units, shelf
units, corner units, end dam units, conditions showing interface and relationship
to adjacent materials, and other special applications.
4. Reinforcing Steel: Detail bending and placement of unit masonry reinforcing bars.
Comply with ACI 315. Show elevations of reinforced masonry assemblies.
5. Fabricated Flashing: Detail corner units, end-dam units and other special
applications.
Work.
B. Installer Qualifications:
1. Experience: Installer with not less than 10 years’ experience in performing
specified Work similar to scope of this Project, with a record of successful in-
service performance and completion of projects for a period of not less than 10
years, and with sufficient production capability, facilities, and personnel to
produce required Work.
2. Supervision: Installer shall maintain a competent supervisor who is at Project
during times specified Work is in progress that is experienced in installing systems
similar to type and scope required for Project.
C. Testing Agency Qualifications: An independent testing agency, acceptable to
authorities having jurisdiction, qualified according to ASTM C 1093 to conduct the
testing indicated.
D. Pre-Construction Testing: If required, Client will employ and pay an independent
testing agency to perform pre-construction testing to establish compliance of proposed
Work with specified requirements.
1. Concrete Masonry Units: Test units as per ASTM C 140, for Dimensions,
Compressive strength, Absorption, Unit Weight (Density) and Moisture Content.
2. Mortar: Test each mortar mix for composition and for plastic and hardened
properties to establish standard for field testing specified under “Field Quality
Control” Article.
a. Test Method: ASTM C 780, Annex A4.
3. Grout: General Requirements: Test each grout mix for compressive strength to
establish standard for field testing specified under “Field Quality Control” Article.
a. Test Method: ASTM C 1019.
4. Specimen Quantity: Provide required number of mortar samples.
5. Reports: Interpret test results and prepare certified reports.
6. Equivalent Option to Testing: Testing will not be required if manufacturer’s data is
based on previous testing, not older than 2 years.
7. Retesting: Retesting of materials failing to meet specified requirements shall at
Contractor's expense.
E. Construction Requirements:
1. Before commencing masonry work, verify that site conditions will allow
construction of masonry within required limitations for wall heights, wall
thickness, openings, bond, anchorage, lateral support, and compressive strengths of
masonry units and mortars.
2. Construct masonry fire rated assemblies to meet requirements of local Civil
Defense Authority and as shown on the drawings – all the marked up walls as per
the instructions of the consultant. Where indicated by the civil defense authorities,
all wall penetrations shall be fire sealed and also sealed to prevent chemical fire
suppression leaks.
A. Deliver, handle and store masonry units by means which will prevent mechanical
damage & deterioration due to moisture, temperature changes and contamination by
other materials.
B. Delivery: Label pallets of masonry units with manufacturers name, product name, and
information required to identify products.
C. Storage:
1. Masonry Units: Store on elevated platforms in a dry location. If units are not
stored in an enclosed location, cover tops and sides of stacks with waterproof
sheeting, securely tied. If units become wet, do not install until they are dry.
2. Cementitious Materials: Store on elevated platforms, under cover, and in a dry
location. Do not use cementitious materials that have become damp.
3. Accessories: Store to prevent corrosion and accumulation of dirt and oil.
4. Aggregates: Store where grading and other required characteristics can be
maintained and contamination avoided.
A. Protection during Work: Prevent excess moisture from entering work in progress.
1. Cover tops of walls, projections, and sills with water-repellent tarps or heavy
plastic sheets at end of each day's Work.
1.10 COORDINATION
PART 2 – PRODUCTS
A. Defective Units: Referenced masonry unit standards may allow a certain percentage
of units to exceed tolerances and to contain chips, cracks, or other defects exceeding
limits stated in the standard. Do not uses units where such defects, including
dimensions that vary from specified dimensions by more than stated tolerances, will
be exposed in the completed Work or will impair the quality of completed masonry.
D. Aerated Autoclave Concrete (ACC) Block: 200mm thick. aerated concrete blocks, shall
confirming to BS EN 771-4 : 2001: ‘Specification for Masonry units – AAC Masonry
units’, according to the minimum requirements as following:
1. Dry Density: 480 ±10% Kg/M3 min.
2. Avg. Normalized Compressive strength: 3.2 N/MM2.
3. Thermal Conductivity (K-value): 0.134 W/m.k0. maximum.
4. Fire resistance: 2 hrs minimum.
2.5 REINFORCEMENT
A. Materials: Provide ties and anchors specified in subsequent paragraphs that are made
from materials that comply with eight subparagraphs below, unless otherwise
indicated. All internal accessories shall be galvanized steel , while all the external
accessories shall be stainless steel.
1. Mill- Galvanized, Carbon-Steel Wire: ASTM A 82; with ASTM A 641/A 641M,
Class 1 coating.
2. Hot-Dip Galvanized, Carbon-Steel Wire: ASTM A 82; with
ASTM A 153/A 153M, Class B-2 coating.
3. Stainless-Steel Wire: ASTM A 580/A 580M, Type 304.
4. Galvanized Steel Sheet: ASTM A 653/A 653M, Commercial Steel, G60(Z180) zinc
coating.
5. Steel Sheet, Galvanized after Fabrication: ASTM A 1008/A 1008M,
Commercial Steel, hot- dip galvanized after fabrication to comply with ASTM
A 153/A 153M.
6. Stainless-Steel Sheet: ASTM A 666, Type 304.
7. Steel Plates, Shapes, and Bars: ASTM A 36/A 36M.
B. Corrugated Metal Ties: Metal strips not less than 22 mm wide with corrugations
having a wavelength of 7.6 to 12.7 mm and an amplitude of 1.5 to 2.5 mm
made from stainless-steel sheet not less than 1.7 mm thick. Ties made from
galvanized steel sheet may be used in interior walls, unless otherwise indicated.
C. Wire Ties, General: Unless otherwise indicated, size wire ties to extend at
least halfway through veneer but with at least 16-mm cover on outside face. Outer
ends of wires are bent 90 degrees and extend 50 mm parallel to face of veneer.
D. Adjustable Anchors for Connecting to Structure: Provide anchors that allow vertical or
horizontal adjustment but resist tension and compression forces perpendicular to plane
of wall.
2.11 FIRESTOPPING
A. Fire -rated sealants shall be suitable approved types, suitable for the location and
the intended function, in accordance with the Product Information and relevant
Standards as indicated in Section 07 84 13 – Penetration Firestopping.
B. Verify locations of fire-rated joints before commencing.
1. At the ground floor level, the slip joint/bond breaker applied between the slab
edge and first block course will also serve as the DPC.
D. Fix securely, and provide backing to prevent sagging or damage during
construction. Make turn-ups and turn- downs not less than 30 mm, and lap
joints not less than 150 mm. Make turn-ups in wet areas not less than 150 mm.
Extend visible edges 10 mm and turn-down at 45-degrees.
PART 3 - EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
A. Examine conditions, with Installer present, for compliance with requirements for
installation tolerances and other conditions affecting performance of work.
B. Before installation, examine rough-in and built - in construction for piping systems to
verify actual locations of piping connections.
C. Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.
A. Thickness: Build single -wythe walls to actual widths of masonry units, using units of
widths indicated.
B. Build recesses to accommodate items specified in this and other Sections.
C. Leave openings for equipment to be installed before completing masonry. After
installing equipment, complete masonry to match the construction immediately
adjacent to opening.
D. Use full-size units without cutting if possible. If cutting is required to provide a
continuous pattern or to fit adjoining construction, cut units with motor-driven saws;
provide clean, sharp, unchipped edges. Allow units to dry before laying unless
wetting of units is specified. Install cut units with cut surfaces and, where possible,
cut edges concealed.
E. Select and arrange units for exposed unit masonry to produce a uniform blend of
colors and textures.
F. Mix units from several pallets or cubes as they are placed.
G. Matching Existing Masonry: Match coursing, bonding, color, and texture of existing
masonry.
H. Comply with construction tolerances in ACI 530.1/ASCE 6/TMS 602 and with the
following:
1. For conspicuous vertical lines, such as external corners, door jambs, reveals, and
expansion and control joints, do not vary from plumb by more than 3 mm in 3 m,6
mm in 6 m, or 12 mm maximum.
2. For vertical alignment of exposed head joints, do not vary from plumb by more
than 6 mm in 3 m, or 12 mm maximum.
3. For conspicuous horizontal lines, such as lintels, sills, parapets, and reveals, do
not vary from level by more than 3 mm in 3 m, 6 mm in 6 m, or 12 mm
maximum.
4. For exposed bed joints, do not vary from thickness indicated by more than plus
or minus 3 mm, with a maximum thickness limited to 12 mm. Do not vary from
bed-joint thickness of adjacent courses by more than 3 mm.
5. For exposed head joints, do not vary from thickness indicated by more than plus
or minus 3 mm. Do not vary from adjacent bed- joint and head-joint thicknesses
by more than 3 mm.
6. For faces of adjacent exposed masonry units, do not vary from flush alignment
by more than 1.5 mm except due to warpage of masonry units within tolerances
specified for warpage of units.
7. For exposed bed joints and head joints of stacked bond, do not vary from a
straight line by more than 1.5 mm from one masonry unit to the next.
A. Lay out walls in advance for accurate spacing of surface bond patterns with uniform
joint thicknesses and for accurate location of openings, movement-type joints, returns,
and offsets. Avoid using less-than-half-size units, partic ularly at corners, jambs, and,
where possible, at other locations.
B. Lay concealed masonry with all units in a wythe in running bond or bonded by
lapping not less than 100-mm. Bond and interlock each course of each wythe at
corners. Do not use units with less than nominal 100-mm horizontal face dimensions
at corners or jambs.
C. Dampproof courses: Lay damp-proof courses in long lengths. Step as required, but
not exceeding two courses per step. Maintain continuity of dampproofing at junctions
of dampproof courses and waterproof membranes. Waterproofed mortar damp
courses will not be approved.
D. Stopping and Resuming Work: Stop work by racking back units in each course
from those in course below; do not tooth. When resuming work, clean masonry
surfaces that are to receive mortar, remove loose masonry units and mortar, and wet
block if required before laying fresh masonry.
E. Built - in Work: As construction progresses, build in items specified in this and other
Sections. Fill in solidly with masonry around built- in items.
F. Build non- load-bearing interior partitions full height of story to underside of solid
floor or roof structure above, unless otherwise indicated.
1. Install compressible filler in joint between top of partition and underside of
structure above.
2. Fasten partition top anchors to structure above and build into top of partition.
Grout cells of CMUs solidly around plastic tubes of anchors and push tubes
down into grout to provide 13-mm clearance between end of anchor rod and end
of tube. Space anchors 400 mm o.c., unless otherwise indicated.
3. Wedge non- load-bearing partitions against structure above with small pieces of
tile, slate, or metal. Fill joint with mortar after dead-load deflection of structure
A. General: Install entire length of longitudinal side rods in mortar with a minimum
cover of 16 mm on exterior side of walls, 13 mm elsewhere. Lap reinforcement a
minimum of 150 mm.
1. Space reinforcement not more than 406 mm o.c.
2. Space reinforcement not more than 203 mm o.c. in foundation walls and parapet walls.
3. Provide reinforcement not more than 203 mm above and below wall openings and
extending 305 mm beyond openings.
A. General: Install control and expansion joint materials in unit masonry as masonry
progresses. Do not allow materials to span control and expansion joints without
provision to allow for in-plane wall or partition movement.
B. Form control joints in concrete masonry using the following :
1. Construct vertical and horizontal control joints for areas greater than 12 m2 with the
following properties:
a. Vertical control joints to be not less than 300 mm thick (of the wall) and be
reinforced by 4 diameter 16 steel bars with stirrups having a diameter of8
spaced at 200 mm o.c. Compressive strength of concrete & tensile
strength of steel to be same as superstructure e lements as indicated on
drawings, unless otherwise indicated.
b. Horizontal control joints to be not less than 300 mm thick. (of the wall)
and be reinforced with 4 diameter 14 steel bars with stirrups having a
diameter of 8 spaced at 200 mm o.c. Compressive strength of concrete
& tensile strength of steel to be same as superstructure elements as
indicated on drawings, unless otherwise indicated.
2. If it required by Engineer/Client use the followings methods for areas appointed by
Engineer/Client:
a. Install preformed control- joint gaskets designed to fit standard sash
block.
b. Install temporary foam-plastic filler in head joints and remove filler
when unit masonry is complete for application of sealant.
C. Provide horizontal, pressure-relieving joints by either leaving an air space or inserting a
compressible filler of width required for installing sealant and backer rod specified in
Division 07 Section "Joint Sealants," but not less than 10 mm.
1. Locate horizontal, pressure-relieving joints beneath shelf angles supporting masonry.
3.8 LINTELS
A. Provide concrete or masonry lintels where shown and where openings of more than 305
mm for brick-size units and 610 mm for block-size units are shown without structural
steel or other supporting lintels.
A. Remove and replace masonry units that are loose, chipped, broken, stained, or
otherwise damaged or that do not match adjoining units. Install new units to match
adjoining units; install in fresh mortar, pointed to eliminate evidence of replacement.
B. Pointing: During the tooling of joints, enlarge voids and holes, and completely fill with
mortar. Point up joints, including corners, openings, and adjacent construction, to
provide a neat, uniform appearance. Prepare joints for sealant application, where
indicated.
C. In-Progress Cleaning: Clean unit masonry as work progresses by dry brushing to
remove mortar fins and smears before tooling joints.
D. Final Cleaning: After mortar is thoroughly set and cured, clean exposed masonry as
follows:
1. Remove large mortar particles by hand with wooden paddles and nonmetallic
scrape hoes or chisels.
2. Test cleaning methods on sample wall panel; leave one-half of panel uncleaned
for comparison purposes. Obtain Architect's approval of sample cleaning before
proceeding with cleaning of masonry.
3. Protect adjacent nonmasonry surfaces from contact with cleaner by covering
them with liquid strippable masking agent or polyethylene film and waterproof
masking tape.
4. Wet wall surfaces with water before applying cleaners; remove cleaners promptly
by rinsing surfaces thoroughly with clear water.
END OF SECTION