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APJ Abdul Kalam, the 11th Indian president, was a notable scientist & engineer. Read about his life history in this concise biography.
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Career at DRDO
After completing his studies he joined the Aeronautical Development Establishment of the Defence Research and Development Organisation
(DRDO) as a scientist. One of the first projects he worked on was to design a small helicopter for the Indian Army. He also got the opportunity
to work with the renowned space scientist, Vikram Sarabhai as a part of the INCOSPAR committee. However, Kalam was not much satisfied
with his career at the DRDO.
Career at ISRO
Kalam was transferred to the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in 1969 as the project director of India's first Satellite Launch
Vehicle (SLV-III). An expandable rocket project on which he had started working independently in 1965 got the government�s approval for
expansion in 1969. Over the next several years he developed the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and SLV-III projects, both of which
proved to be successful. In the 1970s he also worked on the development of ballistic missiles from the technology of the successful SLV
program and directed the projects Project Devil and Project Valiant which were aimed at producing a short-range surface-to-air missile. Even
though the projects were discontinued in 1980 without achieving full success, they earned Kalam great respect and admiration from the
scientific fraternity.
Return to DRDO
In 1980s, the government decided to initiate an advanced missile program under his directorship and thus the Integrated Guided Missile
Development Program (IGMDP) was launched with Kalam as the chief executive. The program which aimed at the research and development
of a comprehensive range of missiles started in 1982-83. Under the able guidance of Kalam, several missiles including Agni, an intermediate
range ballistic missile and Prithvi, the tactical surface-to-surface missile, were developed.
Presidency
Kalam stood for presidency in 2002 and easily won the 2002 presidential election. He had the support of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata
Party and the opposition Indian National Congress and was sworn in as the 11th president of the Republic of India on 25 July 2002. He was
the first scientist to occupy Rashtrapati Bhawan. He was a popular president who was much respected by the citizens of the country.
However, he was also criticized for his inaction in deciding the fate of the majority of the mercy petitions submitted to him during his tenure.
He also kindled controversy with his decision to impose President's Rule in Bihar in 2005. At the end of his term he decided not to contest the
Presidential election again and stepped down on 25 July 2007.
Post-Presidency
After leaving the president�s office he became the chancellor of the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram
and professor of Aerospace Engineering at Anna University. He also became a visiting professor at the Indian Institute of Management
Shillong, the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, and the Indian Institute of Management Indore, and taught information technology
at the International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad.
As an Author
Abdul Kalam was also a noted author who had penned books like �India 2020: A Vision for the New Millennium� (1998), �Wings of Fire:
An Autobiography� (1999), �Ignited Minds: Unleashing the Power Within India� (2002), and �A Manifesto for Change: A Sequel to India
2020� (2014).
Personal Life
Kalam was a life-long bachelor. He had four elder siblings�one sister and three brothers�with whom he had close relations. He was a very
simple person with just a few personal possessions.
Death
He remained active until the last day of his life. He was scheduled to deliver a lecture at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong on 27
July 2015. Only five minutes into his lecture, he collapsed and was rushed to the Bethany Hospital where he was confirmed dead of a sudden
cardiac arrest. His last rites were performed in his hometown, Rameswaram.
Timeline
1960: Joined the Aeronautical Development Establishment of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
1982-1983: Became the chief executive of Integrated Guided Missile Development Program (IGMDP)
1992: Appointed the Chief Scientific Adviser to the Prime Minister and the Secretary of the Defence Research and Development Organisation
2012: Launched a programme for the youth of India called the �What Can I Give Movement�
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Add a comment...
Amanda D'souza
thanks for the information u hv provided me about kalam sir
Like · Reply · Mark as spam · 1 · Oct 18, 2015 6:43pm
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