Denotes the exercise of political, economic &

administrative authority to manage a

nation’s affairs at all levels;
The process of decision-making and
the process by which said decisions are
implemented (or not implemented);
Can be used in several context such as
corporate governance, international
governance, national governance and
local governance.
Refers to the processes, systems
and check in balance about which
the organization operates. It is
conducted in a transparent
manner, free of abuse, corruption
and follows the rule of law.
Good governance as expressed
through factors like reliability,
predictability and accountability
is increasingly seen as a key factor
in ensuring national prosperity.
The study of governance requires a
lot of analysis on the following
relationships between:
Government and markets
Government and citizens
Government and private or
voluntary sector
Elected and appointed officials
Local institutions and urban and
rural dwellers
Legislative and executive branches
Nation states and institutions
 Good Governance

Private Sector:
Government 1. Corporate
Sector 2. Other Private
Organizations
 It is a key tenet and necessity for
good governance. Who is accountable
for what should be documented in
policy statements.
In general, an organization or society
is accountable to those who will be
affected by its decisions or actions as well
as the applicable rules of law.
means that information should be provided
in easily understandable forms and media;
that it should be freely available & directly
accessible to those who will be affected by
governance policies and practices, as well as
the outcomes resulting therefrom; and that
any decisions taken & their enforcement are
in compliance with established rules and
regulations.
Good governance requires that
organizations and their processes
are designed to serve the best
interests of stakeholders within a
reasonable timeframe.
Members of society must feel that
they have a stake in governance;
that even the vulnerable groups
have the chance to be heard and
there is opportunity to increase or
keep up their well-being.
Good governance means that the processes
implemented by the organization to
produce favorable results meet the needs
of its stakeholders or satisfy the necessity
of society while making the BEST use of its
resources – human, technological, financial,
natural and environmental – at its disposal.
It also covers the use of natural assets and
environmental safeguard.
Good governance requires honest &
fair legal frameworks that are
enforced by an impartial regulatory
body, for the full protection of
stakeholders. It also requires full
safeguard of human rights, above all
those of minorities.
Participation by both men and
women, either directly or through
legitimate representatives, is a key
cornerstone of good governance.
This encompasses freedom of
expression & freedom to organize
civil societies.
Good governance requires negotiation or
consultation to understand the different
interests of stakeholders in order to reach a
broad consensus on what is the best interest
for the entire stakeholder group and how it
could be achieved in a sustainable and
prudent manner. Understanding of the
historical, cultural & social contexts of a
given society is essential for such purpose.
 – focuses on
Diplomacy and Defense
–
incubate small businesses, special
research and development such as
space research, job training,
unemployment insurance and more
 –
giving consumer protection and
regulating banking practices

– includes
freedom of the Press, religion and
rights of property.
– including various infrastructures,
vaccination programs, disaster
relief, public parks, basic
healthcare, subsidized housing,
public education and public utilities.
Public officials and employees shall always
uphold the public interest over and above
personal interest; Government resources and
powers must be utilized efficiently, effectively,
honestly and economically, particularly to
avoid wastage in public funds and revenues.
Public officials and employees shall perform
and discharge duties with the highest degree
of excellence, professionalism, intelligence
and skills; They shall enter public service with
utmost devotion and dedication to duty; Shall
endeavor to discourage wrong perceptions of
their roles and dispensers or peddlers of
undue patronage.
Public officials and employees shall provide
service to everyone without unfair
discrimination and regardless of party,
affiliation or any preference.
Shall extend prompt, courteous and adequate service
to the public; Except when provided by law or required
by national interest, shall provide information on
policies and procedures in clear and understandable
language, ensure openness of information, public
consultations and hearings whenever appropriate,
encourage suggestions, simplify & systematize policy,
rules & procedures, avoid red tape and develop
understanding and appreciation of the socioeconomic
conditions prevailing in the country.
Public officials and employees shall at all times
be loyal to the Republic and to the Filipino
people, promote the use of locally-produced
goods, resources & technology & encourage
appreciation and pride of country and people;
Shall endeavor to maintain and defend the
Philippines sovereignty against foreign intrusion.
Public officials and employees shall commit
themselves to democratic way of life ad values,
maintain the principle of public accountability
and manifest by deeds the supremacy of
civilian authority over the military; Shall at all
times uphold the Constitution and put loyalty to
country above loyalty to persons or party.
Public officials and employees and their
families shall lead modest lives appropriate to
their positions and income; Shall not indulge in
extravagant or ostentatious display of wealth
in any form.
All public officials and employees
shall, within the 15 working days
from receipt thereof, respond to
letters, telegrams or other
communications sent by the
public; reply must contain the
action taken on the request.
Heads off all government offices
and agencies and of GOCC,
within 45 working days from the
end of the year, render a
performance report of the
agency/office/corporation
concerned. The report must be
open and available to the public
within the regular office hours.
All official papers and documents
must be processed and completed
within a reasonable time from the
preparation thereof must contain,
as far as practicable, not more than
3 signatories. In the absence of the
duly authorized signatories, the
official next-in-rank or officer-in-
charge shall sign for and in their
behalf.
All public officials and
employees must attend to
anyone who wants to avail
himself of the services of their
office and must, at all times, act
promptly and expeditiously.
All public documents must be
made accessible to, and readily
available for inspection by, the
public within reasonable
working hours.
1) Financial and material interest
2) Outside employment and other
activities related thereto
(moonlighting)
3) Disclosure and/or misuse of
confidential information
4) Solicitation or acceptance of gifts
 Graft and
Corruption
 Political instability
 Poverty
 Peace & Order
 Human Rights
Violation
 The misuse of public money
for private gain.
 Corruption in the Philippines
has become a “humanitarian
crisis” and scandals seem to
dominate the news.
 It is a serious obstacle to
social and economic
development of a country.
 Graft and Corruption is
manifested in many forms as:
Bribery & Kickbacks
Embezzlement
Vote Buying
Cronyism & Nepotism
 Without political stability,
investors will remain nervous
about the Philippines thus
compounding the current
economic problems which in turn
lead to further political instability.
 Unresolved conflict between the
government & militant groups,
involvement of high ranking
political leaders in controversies &
anomalies, extra judicial killings)
 Refers to the condition in
which the basic needs of
human beings are not being
met and people lack the
necessary food, clothing or
shelter to survive.
 According to POPCOM, there
are 30.6 million Filipinos or
6.12 million families who are
suffering from poverty.
 It is an essential ingredient to
maintaining economic
development, social order and
political stability.
 A condition of peace and
order facilitates the growth of
investments, generates more
employment opportunities
and attracts more tourists.
 In the Philippines, it is a subject of
concern and controversy.
 The Security Forces are the ones
involved in serious human rights
abuses such as EJKs, vigilantism,
disappearances, torture & arbitrary
arrest and retention in their battle
against criminal and terrorists.
 Prison conditions were harsh & the
slow judicial process & corrupt
police, judges & prosecutors
impaired due process & rule of law.